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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 14 (1997), S. 120-127 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The help desk and user support industry has, over the last ten years, risen to prominence as one of the most important areas of the IT and customer services industry. However, it has also become clear that not all help desks have the same requirements, and help desks operating in academic environments find themselves with distinct circumstances and problems. Drawing on research published by the author, and a comprehensive review of recent literature and input from practitioners, addresses these issues which distinguish the help desk in academia. Also finds that it often suffers from difficulty in defining its role and obtaining resources, examines how some institutions have successfully tackled these problems and offers some suggestions for strategies, future developments and sources of expert advice.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 16-21 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The World Wide Web is the most significant advance in mass dissemination of information since the invention of the printing press. Because electronic information is largely display independent, it is accessible to persons with disabilities who have the use of a computer with adaptive technology. Unfortunately, some Web design erects new, needless barriers to the use of this medium. This article outlines some of the problems, describes international activities aimed to transcend these problems and also suggests some simple, immediate solutions.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 27-28 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Reports that the use of new technology in English composition courses is making it easier to teach and to learn how to write, according to instructors and students at the University of Oregon. A new computerized writing classroom and extensive training of instructors in use of the classroom, plus electronic mail and the Internet, are having positive results. About 35 instructors and 750 students benefited from use of the new instructional methods and technology in 1996, according to Ann Alskaya, director of the university's new Center for the Teaching of Writing. Eventually, the changes will affect all 4,000 freshman students who take English Composition at the UO. Later, the center will train faculty members outside the English department who want to incorporate technology and writing into their courses.
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  • 4
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 29-33 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: It is important to understand the organizational structures and decision making processes in the university and their relationship to the CWIS. This article describes, reviews and summarizes March and Cohens' theories on the university as a structured anarchy. It also raises a list of questions that CWISs struggle with regularly which may be best answered by this theory. A second part of the article describes the companion theory of garbage can decision making proposed by March, Cohen and Olsen. Besides proposing the decision making model, March and Cohen even offer tactics to use in a structured anarchy that can enhance chances of success. Although CWIS problems seem dominated by management of technical questions, the authors feel that the ability to understand the organizational model of an institution and to manage the decision making process may be equally important to success as technical expertise is.
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  • 5
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 61-62 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes a Web-based service set up for authors and teachers at the library, Wake Forest University. It involves a Web site which facilitates copyright permission requests, thus encouraging the seeking of permission and freeing up library staff time which had previously been spent helping individual patrons through the process.
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  • 6
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 66-67 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Summarizes a teaching strategy developed by three University of Wisconsin-Green Bay faculty members which employs e-mail and the World Wide Web to bring interactivity to large-section, introductory lecture classes.
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  • 7
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 91-102 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper focuses on a multi-year effort to change the organizational culture of a very traditional IS unit into one that is "learning organization" and "client service" oriented. It describes the steps taken in the first two years within the context of John Kotter's "eight-stage process of creating major change". The paper sets forth the intent of each phase and the practical steps that have been taken to bring about the desired change. It approaches the process from the perspective of the CIO (the initiator of the process) with a practical appraisal of its success to date from the viewpoint of a long-time university staff member.
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  • 8
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 103-107 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Without reliable electronic records, colleges and universities will be unable to manage and defend themselves - they will lose their memories and be at significant risk. The authors explain the problems associated with the continuing reliability of electronic systems, and define the difference between an "information system" and a "record-keeping system". Collaborative partnerships among information technology staff, archivists, records managers, auditors, lawyers, and others at each campus, and also among professional organizations, are proposed to address these needs.
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  • 9
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 128-130 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes steps that can be taken by all members of the campus community to prevent software piracy. Details the application of copyright law for works of software, then goes on to advocate the development and implementation of a software policy and software audits.
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  • 10
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 122-127 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Regardless of how they are budgeted, information technology (IT) costs must be paid. Most schools offer some computing services at no cost to the individual or unit and some that are charged back to users and units. Typically, common good services are centrally funded, and services that differentially benefit specific individuals or units are charged for. How services are funded often reflects a school's philosophy about IT and about finances. Preferably, IT funding mechanisms deliberately help shape and influence an institution's IT and services philosophy, as opposed to an IT or service philosophy being unintentionally shaped by fiscal policies that follow no particular strategy. Levying fees to users on an individual or departmental basis may yield a different demand and expectation of IT services than when costs are borne by a central budget. Quantity and quality, degree of centralization, and administrative complexity of services are major variables in determining funding. Also at stake is the degree to which an institution wishes to endorse, suppress, control or expand IT services. These issues are specifically illustrated through a case study of the formulation of a new budget and cost accounting model to both finance an institution-wide network upgrade and to maintain that network.
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  • 11
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 131-136 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Administrators and funding agencies are legitimately asking whether our huge investment in information technology is improving higher education. Two surveys conducted at The College of Wooster gathered students' impressions of the impact of e-mail discussion groups and Web pages on their classes, and they show that overall students do see these technologies as beneficial. Other studies are also summarized. But what is the right question? Is it the technology that matters, or is the benefit in how it is used?
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  • 12
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 137-141 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Multi-campus/large scale distance learning initiatives increase the complexity of issues, and affect the impact of various quality factors that must be considered in the design and implementation of programs. The impact and interactions of distance education quality factors differs when designing large-scale versus smaller-scale distances learning programs. This article will look at the various quality considerations within a large-scale model, and will look at how decisions were made to ensure quality in the design of the California Virtual University (CVU).
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  • 13
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 158-163 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes work at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA, in developing information across the curriculum. Similar to writing competency programs, this approach will require students to take a number of information-intensive courses and necessitate a close partnership between librarians and teaching faculty in establishing requirements, integrating information skills into the curriculum, and evaluating outcomes.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 142-147 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The introduction of sophisticated information technology to higher education is now forcing faculty and administrators to reexamine the traditional allocations of ownership interests in course materials. This article has been prepared to alert educators and administrators in higher educational institutions to the issues surrounding ownership of electronic course materials. In particular, the article focuses on the allocation of copyright ownership in electronic course materials as between faculty and their sponsoring institutions. While copyright laws vary somewhat from country to country, basic ownership issues will be common to nearly all copyright regimes. Drawing on US copyright law as an example, the article briefly reviews relevant copyright basics, the work made for hire doctrine, and options for contractual allocations of copyright. The article concludes by laying out a series of criteria that should be considered in formulating an institution's intellectual property policy.
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  • 15
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 164-173 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The authors describe the preparation and execution of a statistics and a fine arts course, each of which was offered in parallel to an on-campus classroom group and an online Internet group. The authors address the pedagogical, administrative, and political issues that must be resolved before one can legitimately offer a course of study to an Internet audience that the instructor will never physically see. Pedagogical issues are paramount if the goal is to achieve best teaching practice. In addition, there are numerous administrative hurdles to resolve where admission officers, registrars, and governing boards are working from a traditional mindset where rules and guidelines are based on local geography and physical presence. Further, political issues quickly present themselves, including time issues, faculty-colleague and administrator perceptions of "legitimate teaching activity", and valuations of the course.
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  • 16
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 12-16 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Co-ordinated by their scholarly association, textile/apparel faculty from multiple universities have succeeded in establishing a World Wide Web server dedicated to providing information from across their disciplines to enhance instruction. The process of server establishment and Web-site creation including funding, determination of information for posting, problems encountered, and future plans are reviewed. Other faculty could use this as a guide in establishing servers and Web sites for their own disciplines.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 183-186 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: With the Web sweeping through every aspect of campus services, how do you quickly deliver complex services without reinventing the wheel each time? The ability to quickly create support processes allows development staff to be more productive, and provides better service to clients. The use of collaborative development methodologies have been shown to be effective in the delivery of high customer satisfaction, fast prototyping of new services, and rapid deployment of operational processes. Discusses the aspects and benefits of rapidly developing and implementing Web-based services with limited resources, and our success with tools that support collaborative development.
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  • 18
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 15 (1998), S. 174-182 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper describes the experience of a globally distributed organization, as simulated across three MBA programs. The students, located in each of three countries, worked collaboratively in teams to create a common project, using technology as a means of communication. Observations were made of local team interaction, as well as the intergroup exchange that came about from merging the local teams into a larger global team. The project revealed some weaknesses in technology as a communication tool, as compared to face-to-face interaction. Nevertheless, the findings support traditional group theories - theories developed through observation of face-to-face groups. The existence of mutual accountability and evaluation, superordinate goals, and the tone of the initial group meeting were found to be key for successful task completion and group satisfaction. Building a team in a virtual setting was found to be more difficult than in a face-to-face environment, but not impossible. Team-building factors that might be implied in a local arrangement, had to be made explicit in the virtual setting, as opportunities did not exist for clarifying intentions outside of the meeting place. Additional experience in using the technology as a means of communication should reinforce this need for clarity, as managers become accustomed to fewer opportunities for communicating implications.
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  • 19
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 17-23 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: An original computer-based tool, dubbed CyberInteractor, is described. CyberInteractor is designed to facilitate immediate student feedback to an instructor and to other students in a classroom setting or via the World Wide Web. Feedback is saved in a database for educational research purposes. Students view a question that can include pictures, diagrams, a movie or sound clip, random numbers, and calculations involving the random numbers. After responding, they receive feedback showing how other students in the same class have responded. Newsgroups enable students to explain their reasoning. Instructors can give pre-tests and post-tests, and collect the answers and student discussions in files that can be analyzed later, thus facilitating the collection and processing of data from large numbers of students.
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  • 20
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 27-29 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes results of efforts to find institutional models for preventing computer-related repetitive strain injury.
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  • 21
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 24-26 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Multiple choice homework, including feedback on each incorrect answer, is administered over the Web using an in-house program. The large enrollments in lower division courses hinder the use of homework without the aid of a computer for grading, recording, and reporting. The current system permits faculty to create assignments using only a word processor, which allows the facile inclusion of symbols, pictures, and other non-textual information. This is particularly important in science classes, where such material is a major part of any assignment. The system includes security measures, and reports scores back to instructors in a form which can be easily included into a spreadsheet.
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  • 22
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 30-38 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The identification of variables related to faculty publishing productivity is essential in promoting campus information and work environments that foster creativity. This study explores personal and institutional factors, especially the emerging role of the campus telecommunications environment, that support faculty productivity.
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  • 23
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 39-43 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: While the research literature is full of glowing reports of amazing success stories, this article enlightens the troops in the trenches with a disaster the author encountered in 1997 trying to implement distance learning of two classes in technology. Though we all want to hear success stories, many times we learn more from failure. This personal narrative explores what went wrong and what can be learned from the mistakes of others in the field
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  • 24
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 57-62 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses the need for a security firewall. Describes the different firewall technologies and models available for deploying security firewalls. Describes the set of specifications chosen to implement the security firewall at the Tata Energy Research Institute and the approach taken to implement these specifications. Also describes the resources on security mailing lists, including Web sites available on the Internet.
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  • 25
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 63-69 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes a feedback system for distant students including the tools and documents to provide feedback on frequent fixed response assignments and on projects or essay response assignments. A distance feedback system depends upon carefully planned, written assignments; specified evaluation criteria; and technology. It includes documentation, progress tracking, standardized responses based upon the specified evaluation criteria, and multiple assessments during the course. The proposed feedback system accommodates technological limitations yet provides useful feedback to facilitate distant student learning. The system could be adapted to benefit students enrolled in traditional instruction. A description of the feedback system components follows a brief introduction to instructional feedback and feedback levels and functions.
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  • 26
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 70-76 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: University strategic planning for information systems and management was investigated for four Indonesian higher educational institutions. A combination of the case study approach and a survey of a small sample of academic staff who have used the systems, was undertaken. Staff perceptions of the service from information systems are described, and related to their perceptions of planning for these systems. A number of evaluations of specific information sources and delivery are given in detail. Policy document analysis showed little information systems planning as part of the university strategic planning. Some observations are made about the influence of strategic information system planning upon successful use of a university's information systems.
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  • 27
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 81-95 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: University students often enter physical laboratory sessions with minimal knowledge of the experiments to be conducted and little or no understanding of the underlying concepts that govern the investigations. As a result, lab time is used inefficiently; motivated students lose interest and routine procedures are followed with minimal learning. The authors have developed a set of multimedia modules meant to enhance, not replace, the technical laboratory experience. The modules are akin to well-conceived laboratory manuals applying multimedia tools, such as digital images and video clips, to better prepare the students for upcoming laboratory sessions. The modules are accessible through the Internet and include mechanisms for exchanging information.
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  • 28
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 89-95 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: As an instructional medium, the World Wide Web offers a multitude of options for educators. This paper highlights the design, implementation and use of the WWW to provide and evaluate library instruction including: a curriculum- integrated tutorial for learning online resources, critical thinking and other information literacy skills; "Ask a librarian" e-mail reference service; a multi-user object-oriented environment (MOO) for real-time course-integrated instruction and synchronous reference service.
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  • 29
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    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 104-111 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses the steps necessary to design an effective online course. Four essential steps are identified and considered: defining course objectives, providing access to information resources, developing and implementing effective learning strategies, and providing timely, context-specific feedback and motivational support to students. The aim of effective online course design is to produce a network learning environment in which students are able to construct progressively more adequate models of a targeted knowledge domain and acquire competence in using them in real-life situations. In order to accomplish this aim, technology must be used wisely, in pedagogically sound ways, within the context of a supportive institutional infrastructure, and in a manner that avoids some common obstacles to effective online learning.
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  • 30
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    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 125-130 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: For many educational institutions the World Wide Web has become a major avenue of communication with its constituencies. Students, potential students, faculty, staff, people at other institutions and the general public are all directing their questions to the e-mail address www@institution.edu The personnel that receive this mail are often ill-prepared for the quantity and variety of questions that arrive. This paper examines the evolution of this problem over the first four years of UC Davis' use of the Web, and presents some of the strategies that have proven useful for managing this onslaught.
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  • 31
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    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 95-104 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Virtual reality (VR) is a new computational paradigm that redefines the interface between human and computer. VR may result in a significant improvement over traditional instruction because it is not only an interactive multimedia tool but also a learning environment that is extremely close to reality. Yet there have been few empirical studies on the use of VR compared to that of other computerized or non-computerized educational tools. Examines VR both in different scenarios and for different applications in learning and teaching. The evaluation plan reported here addresses one aspect of such an assessment specifically ± the effect of VR support compared to that of video support in tenth graders' learning of world geography. One world geography course (N = 36) selected for this experiment was composed of five units. A rotation treatment was used, each group using VR for two units and videos for two units; in addition, one unit was optional for every student. Three procedures were used for data collection and analysis: to determine the effect of VR support, competency tests were administered; to determine student attitudinal responses toward VR, students were required to complete a survey and be interviewed; and to determine the tendency of returning to VR, students were given the option of attending the VR lab. This investigation was limited in several respects (e.g. data from a sample of students in a single class may not be representative of the population).
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  • 32
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    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 131-136 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses the effect that campus-based systems have on institutional culture. Strategic planning and decisions regarding information technology (IT), one of the few things that touches every member and unit on campus, needs to consider how IT changes the very culture of the institution. Major changes impact not only those directly involved in its development and use, but non-users as well.
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  • 33
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    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 140-143 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Today, foreign language teaching can find important resources in technology, the Internet, etc.; but how the teaching of foreign literature, or literature in general, might benefit from technology remains a more open question. The project "Writing La Fontaine" seeks to complement the traditional practice of literary imitation with technology that facilitates writing and peer-editing. The project allows for detailed study of the literary text and may provide a possible model for the use of technology in the teaching of literature.
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  • 34
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    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 157-161 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes the development of a Web-based reference collection for an academic community. Includes such topics as collection development policies, tailoring the site to a specific audience, staff motivation, and site design. Discusses successes, failures and modifications during the first two years of the project.
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    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 136-139 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper focuses on the development of an Internet-based distance learning model for teaching the introductory finance course in the Finance Department at Florida Gulf Coast University (FGCU), America's newest institution of higher education which opened in August 1997. An important component of the mission of FGCU is the incorporation of technology and the needs of the regional community into curriculum design. The department felt it was important to develop a separate Internet-based course as an alternative to the traditional in-class introductory finance course. In this Internet-based course students are required to participate in a "boot camp" for the first few weeks, which covers only the most complex aspects of the course. After this initial period, the course is completely Web-based in design. The Web page for this course, located at http://www.tmag.com/sgarrison/courses/fin3240d/index.html, contains a variety of pedagogical materials to help students learn and comprehend course content.
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    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 175-178 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes how a core group of faculty built the Lucid Chemistry Web Site over four years and how students in large first and second year chemistry courses have started to use it (slowly at first, and now to near 100 percent participation in some classes). The facility has been developed for use by key administrative units (Testing and Evaluation, Computer Services). Now coming to the Lucid Chemistry Web Site are roughly one-half of the chemistry department instructors and tenure-track faculty. Asks whether the task of teaching needs more "builders". Argues that more administrative involvement is needed with material creation and distribution. Will more users come? Yes, 100 percent participation by both teachers and students is a possibility. Mechanisms for achieving this goal are explored.
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  • 37
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 15-22 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes a networked virtual environment, a type of virtualreality most commonly known as a "MUD" or a"MOO", which was used at an internationally-attendedscientific conference held on the Internet. Interviews with conferenceattendees indicated enthusiasm for the effectiveness of the medium, andrevealed how the virtual environment can be modified to improveconferencing efficacy. Such alterations included: novel input-outputcontrol management; automation of conference registration; control ofanonymous or guest connections; simplification of conference centertopography; an improved methodology for recording discussion sessions;use of moderated rooms to compensate for network lag; and providingbuffers to update late arriving participants. Concludes that networkedvirtual environments provide an inexpensive means for effectiveinternational conferencing on the Internet.
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 32-36 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Provides a guide to the increasing number of zoos and associatedsites now using the Internet. Investigates the multiple roles of theInternet for zoos, their staff and visitors, in helping them tocommunicate science and provide a cultural service to the public, inaddition to serving as a means of marketing and publicity.
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  • 39
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 3-9 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses electronic peer review of academic papers on the Internet. Looks at the changes which may occur with the shift from paper to electronic media. Proposes some guidelines for authors, editors and reviewers using electronic publishing.
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  • 40
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 10-16 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Outlines the principle of the Dutch auction, whereby the price begins at a high level and decreases by steps until a bid is made. Describes an integrated hardware and software system which uses Internet communications to enable remotely created bidders to participate in real-time Dutch auctions and which meets the stringent requirement that synchrony be maintained among bidders' terminals to ensure that each bidder has a fair chance to bid at the current offer price. Defines the principal functions of the system and characterizes its available resources. Illustrates implementation using a prototype design. Pays particular attention to bidder terminal synchronization, bidder authentication, and auction client security. Includes the possibility of a system variant using ISDN interconnect and PC-based bidders' terminals.
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  • 41
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 31-41 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: As the set of people using computers becomes larger and less cohesive, it is becoming important to educate users about their ethical responsibilities. Design of an effective campus computer ethics policy requires awareness of numerous cultural, technical and legal issues. Especially important are the cultural splits between power users and utilitarian users, and between "old world" and "new world" philosophies of computer ethics. Discusses those issues and presents the University of Georgia's ethics policy as a model to aid those developing similar policies at other institutions.
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 17-30 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Provides a new answer to the resource discovery problem, which arises because although the Internet makes it possible for users to retrieve enormous amounts of information, it provides insufficient support for locating the specific information that is needed. ALIBI (Adaptive Location of Internetworked Bases of Information) is a new tool that succeeds in locating information without the use of centralized resource catalogs, navigation, or costly searching. Its powerful query-based interface eliminates the need for the user to connect to one network site after another to find information or to wrestle with overloaded centralized catalogs and archives. This functionality was made possible by an assortment of significant new algorithms and techniques, including classification-based query routing, fully distributed cooperative caching, and a query language that combines the practicality of Boolean logic with the expressive power of text retrieval. The resulting information system is capable of providing fully automatic resource discovery and retrieval access to a limitless variety of information bases.
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  • 43
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 142-148 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Intranet adopts the same information technology that the Internet utilizes for network processing with the exception of system boundaries. Moving corporate systems onto an intranet environment will increase the data traffic within corporate network. In order to smooth out data traffic in the network, adopting a high-quality management process to the intranet is needed. This article discusses the costs and benefits of adopting the intranet, tool availability and selection criteria, and some management issues for developing an intranet.
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 136-141 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This study sought to determine if differences exist among various age groups regarding students' use of the Internet. Surveys were administered to 548 students from three regional universities in the southeastern USA. Survey responses were then analyzed to determine how many students regularly use the Internet, how many hours per week regular users spend on the Internet, and what computers they use. Information was also tabulated for use of e-mail, use of the Internet to obtain university information, and for the number of students who had home pages. Finally, survey responses were analyzed to determine which students: consider the Internet to be a fad; project their future use of the Internet to be less, the same, or more than now; and project they will use the Internet in their chosen careers.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 85-94 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: It is widely assumed - and frequently asserted - that university communication practices are being radically transformed by the introduction of electronic communication. Explores the introduction of Internet access in a single university, the University of Canberra, located in the capital city of Australia. The prime objective was to identify the frequency and type of use that academic staff were making of the Internet during 1995, with supplementary objectives being to record perceptions of users toward the Internet, and barriers to its effective use. The principal finding is not unexpected: academics were making very varied use of the Internet. Some staff were utilizing some facilities on a daily basis; others were yet to begin exploring this new communication medium. A particular surprise was that at the time of this survey the Internet was being used very little for teaching.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 189-194 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Documents the sequence of steps taken in setting up a cross-cultural management course, and making extensive use of the Internet to add to the reality of the experience for fourth-year and MBA students who, like most university students, have access to the Internet, a communication medium that allows inexpensive contact with other cultures.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 170-188 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Analyzes a national random telephone survey, carried out in October 1995, on the motivations for and barriers to Internet usage. Eight percent of the random sample reported being Internet users, while surprisingly another 8 percent reported being former users. In total, 85 percent of respondents reported having heard of the Internet. The survey showed evidence of a digital divide, Internet users being generally wealthier and more highly educated, and blacks and Hispanics disproportionately unaware of the Internet. Social and work networks appear to be important for stimulating interest in the Internet and providing users with support. As to reasons for using the Internet, socio-personal development appears to be the key driver, while nonusers have a decidedly different set of beliefs about the Internet's value. As to the barriers to Internet usage, even experienced users find it difficult to get started, which confirms other studies of this topic. Barriers include cost and difficulties in understanding how to use the Internet. Concludes that the results of the survey indicate that people strongly desire an easier-to-use Internet.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 195-200 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines current and planned practices and the major benefits of communication-intensive information system applications. The Internet, once a government-controlled, tax-supported endeavor, is no longer restricted to noncommercial traffic. Contends that business use of the Internet has grown rapidly over the last several years, yet information technology managers still struggle to evaluate the contribution of this new technology in their organizations. Surveys were sent to a random selection of 500 companies to analyze current use and impact of the Internet in a business setting. Reports on the variety of expected values to be derived from use of the Internet indicated by respondents.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 201-207 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Considers that, in addition to all the positive attributes of the Internet, negatives are bound to emerge. Negative influences include the ability of children to access information that is not suitable for their age and the absence of laws or legal legislation to limit this access to the material. Laws are in existence prohibiting young people under the age of 18 years from accessing sexually explicit or sexually deviant materials. The problem with the Internet is the fact that there is no sanction limiting people from posting material of this kind. Warns that as an increasing number of children get online, solutions to these controversial issues must be discussed openly.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 208-216 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Knowledge of the Internet Protocol (IP) address is essential for connection establishment in certain classes of synchronous distributed applications, such as Internet telephony and video-conferencing systems. A problem of dynamic IP addressing arises when the connection to the Internet is through an Internet service provider, since the IP address is dynamically allocated only at connection time. Proposes and draws a contrast between a number of generic methods that can be classified as online and offline methods for the resolution of dynamic IP addressing. Online methods, which include the World Wide Web, exchange server and the dynamic Domain Name System, are only effective when both the caller and recipient are logged on to the Internet. On the other hand, offline methods, which include electronic mailing and directory service look-up, provide an additional means to allow the caller to leave messages when the recipient is not logged on to the Internet. Of these methods, the dynamic Domain Name System and directory service look-up appear to be the best for resolving dynamic IP addressing.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 246-251 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses some of the limitations of virtual reality (VR) with reference to socio-technical systems - the interaction of people with technology. Argues that VR has potential applications but that these applications may prove to be more limited than some proponents would suggest. Points to a significant opportunity for VR technology to be used in strategic partnership marketing and supply chain management.
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 82-92 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: In this paper we address research issues related to the economics of electronic, Internet-based markets. First, what are the consumer cost-based differences for traditional and electronic markets? Second, what revenue implications does increased electronic market utilization have for sellers and transaction intermediaries? Based on an empirical, survey-based study of an electronic market in the sports trading card industry we find that prices, search costs, and sales taxes are lower in the electronic markets, while risk costs, distribution costs, and market costs are lower in traditional markets. We discuss the implications this has for seller, intermediary and government revenue sources.
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 93-99 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This study attempts to better understand how marketers are creating bridges between traditional advertising and the Internet. As such, it describes the Web presence in print advertisement. A content analysis of 1,249 ads in 20 magazines found: 42 percent included Web addresses; Business Week ads were most likely to include Web addresses; 98 percent of print advertisements for autos included Web addresses, while office equipment advertisements (including computer ads) included Web addresses only 10 percent of the time; and that 68 percent of Web sites were used to develop a database of potential customers.
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 100-108 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This article examines the changing role of community network associations or "freenets" in providing Internet access by examining the case of the Calgary Community Network Association (CCNA) located in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The changing role of the CCNA is examined against the backdrop of the withdrawal of states from the telecommunications field, the priorities of the Canadian government, and the role of the private sector. Community networks may ultimately focus on persons who do not have computers, while advertising supported services may attract those with computers who may not wish or cannot afford to pay a commercial Internet Service Provider (ISP).
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 109-116 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper investigates a structure of commercial Web sites, and then attempts to analyse various patterns that emerge which may be of future use as a guideline to businesses that intend establishing a Web presence. Key to the understanding of these patterns is a clearer grasp of the implications of human interaction with the new medium. The focus is on an experiential construct, namely flow, and how this might vary by Web site, and on using this to begin to unravel the secrets of good commercial Web site design and its implications for business.
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 117-128 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Web search services are now a major source of information for a growing number of people. We need to know more about how users search Web search engines to improve the effectiveness of their information retrieval. This paper reports results from a major study exploring users' information searching behavior on the EXCITE Web search engine. The study is the first to investigate Web users' successive searching behavior as they conduct related searches
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 297-308 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper presents the AIPD approach to the evaluation of commercial Web sites within or across borders. The author explains how benchmarking techniques can be used to compare attracting, informing, positioning, and delivering (AIPD) strategies of Web sites in order to clarify strategic opportunities or advantages. The AIPD model is then used to compare the Internet strategies of some Japanese and American banks. Results show that Japanese banks have created more dynamic and content rich Internet environments than their American counterparts. Cultural and institutional differences are given for the contrasting approaches to Web design, information and service delivery.
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 287-296 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: By 2016, Botswana aspires to triple its 1994 per capita income and to completely diversify its economic base. The Southern African Development Community (SADC) objectives, as spelt out in the SADC Policy document, emphasise the attainment of enhanced development and economic growth, poverty alleviation, and support of the socially disadvantaged through regional integration. Since telecommunications have long been recognised as the engine for economic growth, the aspirations of SADC and Botswana are consistent with the SADC Protocol on Transport, Communications, and Metrology, which aims at developing a reliable, efficient, vibrant, consumer-driven telecommunications sector. We examine the focus of the World Bank and the International Telecommunications Union, in global telecommunications development. We then discuss the efforts of Botswana and other SADC states in ensuring that they take advantage of the private sector finances to build reliable, sophisticated public telecommunications networks for entry into the Global Information Infrastructure (GII).
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 309-319 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This article reports on a study designed to identify the authors of academic library home pages and to investigate the nature of their training and their use of newly-acquired Web design skills. The major finding of the study is that librarians more often than non-librarians are assuming the responsibility for writing home pages for academic libraries in very large public colleges and universities. In addition to professional identity, factors such as length of service to an institution, current job title, and prior education play a role in determining the likelihood that an individual will write the home page for his or her employing library. Learning the skills needed to write a home page requires time for training. Institutional support for training is considered vital and well worth the investment because training is very often disseminated beyond the home page authors. Teaching others Web construction skills is one of the ways library home page authors most frequently apply their newly acquired abilities.
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 339-347 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Offerings of electronic courses and degrees are growing at a surprising rate. Some have surmised that E courses represent the future for higher education and that the traditional university may soon be a relic of the past: do E courses represent a significant improvement over traditional pedagogy for educating students? In this context, 305 questionnaires were sent by e-mail to accounting chairpersons in the USA. A total of 94 usable responses was received. Nearly 65 per cent of the respondents indicated that E courses are simply correspondence courses presented with new technology. Those who view E courses as correspondence courses are more negative on offering E courses in university programs or offering degrees through the completion of only E courses. They are also more restrictive with E courses, favoring the proctoring of exams and requiring students to come to campus as part of the E course. Additionally, they tended to agree that "the student-to-student and the student-to-instructor interaction that are missing in E courses makes them less valuable to the student." Instead of viewing E courses and E degrees as the "university of the future", they see them as adjuncts to university programs just as correspondence courses have been for decades.
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 348-360 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper examines the issue of fraud on the Internet and discusses three areas with significant potential for misleading and fraudulent practices, namely: securities sales and trading; electronic commerce; and the rapid growth of Internet companies. The first section of the paper discusses securities fraud on the Internet. Activities that violate US securities laws are being conducted through the Internet, and the US Securities and Exchange Commission has been taking steps to suppress these activities. The second section of the paper discusses fraud in electronic commerce. The rapid growth of electronic commerce, and the corresponding desire on the part of consumers to feel secure when engaging in electronic commerce, has prompted various organizations to develop mechanisms to reduce concerns about fraudulent misuse of information. It is questionable, however, whether these mechanisms can actually reduce fraud in electronic commerce. The third section of the paper discusses the potential for fraud arising from the rapid growth of Internet companies, often with little economic substance and lacking traditional management and internal controls. The paper examines the three areas of potential Internet fraud mentioned above and suggest ways in which these abuses may be combated.
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 360-371 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The increasing dimension and heterogeneity of global Web systems make their management with tools based on the client/server model more difficult. The mobile agent technology overcomes the limits of traditional approaches and proposes solutions that are suitable for the management of distributed and heterogeneous Internet-based systems. The paper describes the MAMAS environment and its implementation with a mobile agent technology. MAMAS has the goals of monitoring the whole system, introducing dynamic corrective actions and modifying system policies at run-time. MAMAS achieves these objectives by answering the guidelines of both security and compliance to standards. The choice of Java as the implementation language has made it possible to achieve portability, to exploit the language security features, and to provide Web accessibility. The MAMAS compliance with CORBA ensures interoperability with legacy management platforms.
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 372-382 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines the general requirement for security technologies in order to provide a basis for trust in the e-commerce environment. The discussion is supported by the findings from two surveys, conducted by the authors, among general Internet users (i.e. potential target consumers) and commercial businesses. These surveys considered both the attitudes to e-commerce in general and opinions relating to the associated security requirements. Attempts were also made to assess the respondent's knowledge of the existing security safeguards that may be applied. The survey results suggest that, while there is significant concern among Internet-based consumers regarding the security of their purchasing activities, these are outweighed by the merits offered by the medium. The results also suggested a lack of awareness or understanding of the security technologies that are available and it is concluded that overcoming this problem would help to establish a wider foundation of trust in the new technology.
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    Internet research 9 (1999), S. 383-392 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Although benchmarking has touched many areas of an organization, including information systems, very few examples are available on how this powerful methodology can be used to specifically address one of the fastest growing elements within information systems - the World Wide Web. This paper presents a case study on how benchmarking was used to determine how one organization's Web site compared to Web sites of related schools and professional organizations. The results of the benchmarking study provided a measure of how our Web site compares to the sites of related organizations, ideas on how we may further enhance our site, and also a way to regularly evaluate our site.
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    Campus-wide information systems 16 (1999), S. 179-185 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Not enough attention has been given to the psychological and educational value of student participation. Provides an overview and some answers derived from a project on guided design and development of interactive multimedia learning environments. Shows the relevant trends in modern education as well as the psychological relation and benefits to the learners and the institution. The time has come to use the challenges of design in a constructivist fashion.
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    Notes: Focuses on business firms in Singapore, identifying the industries in which the Internet is being used for business. These firms are early adopters in the local environment where use of the Internet for business is a new phenomenon still, and they provide information about their Internet experience in terms of their use, perceptions, and the problems encountered. Finds that companies in seven major industries lead in the business use of the Internet in Singapore: computer and information technology; hospitality; manufacturing; travel; retail; publications; and banking and finance. Most of the survey respondents use the Internet for marketing and advertising, customer service and support, information gathering, and, to a lesser degree, electronic transactions. The respondents' perception of the attributes of the Internet are largely positive. The problems encountered by the respondents include difficulty in locating information, rising costs of Internet use, and security.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 329-336 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Proposes a system in which the information superhighway can be built, maintained and routinely upgraded by the efforts of multitudes of small scale servers looking after only their own individual economic interests. Each server will be classified as either a "parasitic" server or an "integrated" server. At a given band-width level, integrated servers are equal to each other in their network, but parasitic servers will be functionally dependent on their integrated parent servers to which they must pay a fee. Although it is initially cheaper to open a parasitic server, economic incentive will motivate owners of parasitic servers to make their servers integrated. The primeval seed of this network will be a structure composed of three servers arranged in a triangle called the "base delta." The first integrated servers will be connected to each of the three base delta servers. Later, servers will have to be connected to at least three other integrated servers to qualify as integrated servers. Each base delta will have a territory extending from it that, when intermeshed with other base delta territories, will become "integrated" base delta territories. All integrated servers within integrated base delta territories are equal to each other in function. The aim is to motivate the owners of independent small-scale servers in such a way as to cover the globe with integrated base delta territories.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 337-341 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Several articles in the journal Campus-Wide Information Systems have been devoted to describing the different directories which link to library catalogs on the Internet and the World Wide Web. Some of the directories reviewed in this ongoing series on OPACs were Hytelnet and Libgopher for telnet based catalogs as well as WebCats, Libweb, LC Z39.50 Gateway and the WWW Library Directory-Framed Edition for the web-based OPACs. Gives current descriptions of some of the major directories; namely, LibWeb and WWW Library Directory which list and link to library homepages as well as Hytelnet and WebCats which are devoted to listing and linking to the library OPACs. In addition, summarizes the techniques used in finding new directories.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 252-262 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Reports on Phase I of a two-part project to identify and implement user-based design criteria in World Wide Web pages. The purpose of the identification phase (Phase I) is to identify the criteria that influence a particular user community's use of the Web and to analyze these within the context of the users' overall information-gathering behavior. Data were gathered through a questionnaire and electronic focus group session with nine faculty from four business schools. Participants identified 49 Web page features which clustered into eight broad categories of criteria having a significant positive or negative impact on their use of WWW pages. They also identified types of information normally used in work activities; methods of finding this information within the current information service environment; likely changes in behavior if the information became available via the Web, including willingness to pay.
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  • 70
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 263-268 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Notes that until the advent of the Internet, major libraries and text repositories were considered by all as bastions of information, but the Internet has opened up a treasure-trove of information for researchers and seekers of knowledge throughout the world. It has become common practice by researchers of all kinds to turn to the Internet as a convenient source of information. Asks how effectively does the Internet really present these researchers with a representative picture of the state of human knowledge? Identifies the potential misuse of the Internet as a source of biased information. Defines biased information as information not representative of the state of human knowledge. In order to provide a basis for comparison, begins by defining the concept of a representative subset, which is used as a basis for comparing the nature of different information resources. This is followed by a presentation of the use of the knowledge-comparison function in evaluating different information resources. Then discusses the significance of information equivalence in the information age as a basis for setting concrete goals for Internet research policy. Concludes by presenting a number of courses of action including a description of X-DEX, an Internet indexing standard based on the US Library of Congress cross-reference system.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 274-286 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes a project currently under way in the Pittsburgh Public Schools seeking to develop new environments for teaching and learning using the technology of wide area computer networks. The history of this project offers lessons for other school districts which might wish to develop similar resources for their own use. Extracts a set of guidelines that can be followed by these other school districts.
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  • 72
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    Notes: The National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 established theNational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and charged it to"provide for the widest practicable and appropriate disseminationof information concerning ... its activities and the resultsthereof". The search for innovative methods to distribute NASA'sinformation led a grassroots team to create the NASA Technical ReportServer (NTRS), which uses the World Wide Web and other popularInternet-based information systems.
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  • 73
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 37-66 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The "collaboratory" concept has recently entered thevernacular of the scientific community to reflect new modes ofscientific communication, cooperation and collaboration made possible byinformation technology. The collaboratory represents a scientificresearch center "without walls" for accessing and sharingdata, information, instrumentation and computational resources. Theprincipal applications of the collaboratory concept have been in thephysical and biological sciences, including space physics, oceanographyand molecular biology. Discusses the attributes of the collaboratory,and applies the concept developed by computer and physical scientists tothe design and operation of the SIPPACCESS prototype informationsystem for complex data to be used through the Internet by sociologists,demographers and economists. Examines obstacles to collaboratorydevelopment for the social sciences. Concludes that four major obstacleswill inhibit the development of collaboratories in the social sciences.
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  • 74
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 74-80 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Many Mexican universities are now offering Internet access to theirfaculty and users. This access is provided by computer services staffwho traditionally have been responsible only for the technical aspectsof establishing, maintaining, and updating the university computersystems. The computer specialists are finding themselves largelyunprepared to assume this new role as information specialists. Examinesthe newly emerging and evolving roles of these computer specialists.
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  • 75
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 67-73 
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    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines the characteristics of bibliographic information retrievalsystems, particularly online public access systems, in terms of thedifficulties children have in using them. The specialized focus oflibrary and information science, the highly abstract nature ofbibliographic representation, and the evolving cognitive development ofchildren are all contributing factors to these difficulties. Describesrecent research and development in interface design, followed byimplications for the design of Internet navigators. The new generationof Internet browsers can give students the ability not only to searchfor information, but also to create and disseminate information usingthe same medium. Such capacity adds a significant dimension and newmeaning to the concept of information retrieval. Concludes thatthoughtful and developmentally appropriate interface design is criticalto the success of children's use of this powerful new resource.
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  • 76
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 3-10 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Evaluates the principal tools available for the retrieval ofinformation from the Internet, e.g. Hytelnet, Archie, Gopher, WAIS, andthe World Wide Web (WWW). Principally concentrates on an evaluation ofthe user interface and search software for each of the aforementionedtools. Concludes with a brief perspective of Internet informationretrieval and the implications for the future.
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  • 77
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 11-14 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Looks at the beginnings of Internet law in the UK. Examines twotraditional areas of law which are currently coming under pressure inthe English legal system - defamation and copyright. Brieflypresents verdicts of actual cases from US and Australian law, andspeculates on the outcomes of these cases had they been put before UKcourts.
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  • 78
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    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 23-31 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Draws its topicality and relevance from the fact that not only isthe Internet widely publicized in all the media but also there are manystories regarding problems with its security. Provides a primer on thehistory, terminology, tools and common uses of the Internet. Identifiesthe most prevalent threats to security posed by using the Internet anddiscusses some of the traditional and emerging approaches to ensuringthe security and integrity of data on the Internet.
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  • 79
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 5-8 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Explores the problems of "counting" hits and visits to Web sites on the World Wide Web. Nominally, cyberspace offers unrivalled monitoring and tracking potential when compared with other marketing media. However, further inspection reveals some complicating factors. Identifies the phenomenon of cache memory, the use of proxy servers and trawler software and explores their influence on under- and over-counting. Drawing on the hierarchy of effects model developed by Berthon et al. (1996), presents a series of correction factors. Concludes that the problem of accurate counting on the Web is a new manifestation of an old problem: old wine in new bottles.
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  • 80
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 59-60 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Provides summaries of the arguments of two contributors to The Australian, debating the case for and against censorship on the Internet network.
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  • 81
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 53-58 
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    Notes: Argues that the growing availability of information, especially from electronic sources, offers both potential and problems for the researcher. Increasingly, information has become a commodity, commissioned for a specific purpose and shaped to fit the needs of the commissioner. It follows that user requirements will dictate not just the research remit (what information to collect) but also the selection criteria (why the information is needed). Establishing why information is needed is an integral step in deciding on the particular focus or slant that any search strategy, and subsequent information analysis, must take. A comprehensive, or indeed a balanced, collection of information may be neither necessary nor desirable. End-users may only require information that will support their information need. Choice of information sources will also be governed by these information needs, and their selection is a vital factor in the provision of useful, relevant information and its successful communication to the end-user.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 61-66 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines the damaging effects that malicious computer abuse, such as hacking and viruses, can have on the development of an information-based society. Computing and telecommunications technologies are a key ingredient in the realization of this society, but are increasingly the targets of criminals and mischief makers. Highlights the apparent escalation in computer-abuse incidents, as illustrated by a number of recent surveys, and examines the effects that these may have on the public perception of technology (and, hence, the smooth transition to the information society). Also presents some broad recommendations regarding what can be done to address the problem. This considers both technical measures to help safeguard systems and revised attitudes to computer abuse, to insure that incidents can be dealt with more effectively.
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  • 83
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 9-15 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Looks at the growth and potential of the Internet in relation to security issues. Presently, lack of security is perceived as a major roadblock to doing business on-line. Risks of system corruption, fraud, theft and viruses point companies to the need for enhanced security. Investigates the importance of securing a company's systems, its individual users, and its commercial transactions, and provides a checklist along with a brief discussion of available protection measures for these three primary security concerns.
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  • 84
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 16-26 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses the (primarily Catholic) Church in the "information society," and explores the nature of communications in this context, and specifically the Internet. Suggests that the Church must embrace today's communications media and leverage its position as social and ethical advisor and counselor within the primarily capitalist social systems within which it operates. Sees the Internet as morally neutral technology, able to be utilized as a force for good or bad, education, propaganda and entertainment, and challenges the Church to embrace its utilization.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 27-31 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Aquariums include exhibits and enclosures of freshwater and marine plant and animal species. Notes that a rapid expansion in the number of aquariums has occurred over the last ten years and in addition the complexity of exhibits and activities is also expanding in an aquarium "explosion." Points out that increasing interest in the environment and in marine life has led to significant economic success for aquariums. This is part of a trend in "entertainment and recreation involving animals" which also includes theme parks and zoos. Similar in many ways to museums and galleries, aquariums display species within restricted conditions. Lists various Internet addresses of aquariums using the Internet to take advantage of presentation techniques and wider audiences.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 43-45 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Considers the correct role of the European Commission in the light of its dependency on information from all European Union institutions.
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  • 87
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 123-135 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Many organizations are developing e-mail mediated help services, although the implications of using e-mail for client service are not yet fully understood. A qualitative study of a successful service was developed incorporating content analysis of service logs and interviews with staff and users. Two models of ideal service exchanges emerge: concise question/response dyads and extended dialog. Staff tend to consider dialog typical, while users almost exclusively consider the minimum exchange normal. Service logs show most exchanges are simple question/answer pairs where users explicitly request instructions, explanations, brief informational answers, or direct intervention by staff. However, users sometimes underspecify their request or omit needed information while staff often respond incompletely to queries. This frequent omission of information places significant stresses on a dyadic exchange model. As users become more experienced in the using e-mail for requesting service, broader acceptance and use of a dialog model of help provision might occur.
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  • 88
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 156-165 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Although there has been much publicity about the Internet, empirical research focusing on it is still relatively sparse. Most research on the Internet has been carried out in Europe or USA rather than Asia. This study examines the differential effects of occupation on Internet usage in an Asian country, namely, Singapore. Data were collected on Internet users via a questionnaire placed on the World Wide Web. From three main occupational groups (students, non-IT personnel and IT personnel) 1,299 usable responses were obtained. Differential effects of occupation in terms of Internet usage patterns, tasks preferences and factors affecting an enjoyable Internet experience were examined.
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 166-173 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The World Wide Web (WWW) or the Web has been recognized as a powerful new information exchange channel in recent years. Today, an ever-increasing number of businesses have set up Web sites to publicize their products and services. However, careful planning and preparation is needed to achieve the intended purpose of this new information exchange channel. This paper proposes a comprehensive framework for effective commercial Web application development based on prior research in hypermedia and human-computer interfaces. The framework regards Web application development as a special type of software development project. At the onset of the project, its social acceptability is investigated. Next, economic, technical, operational, and organizational viability are examined. For Web page design, both the functionality and usability of Web pages are thoroughly considered. The use of the framework should result in more effective commercial Web application development.
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 174-184 
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    Notes: This article examines instructional frameworks for university-level education in Internet content design. Examined are academic constructs, philosophies and strategies from two disciplines traditionally associated with content - herein defined as instructional science and informational studies. These approaches are then extended into a curricula paradigm for academic studies in Internet content design. The intent of the article is to begin dialog on the development of university-level curricula and degree programs in Internet studies.
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 202-218 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Internet, since its commercialisation, has expanded with tremendous rapidity. This development has been still further assisted by the creation of the World Wide Web, which has caught the imagination of users around the world. As the marketing and provision of goods and services over the Web continues to grow, the missing factor appears to be a well-accepted and well-trusted method of paying for these products and services. This paper discusses the problem of internet payment systems (IPS) and reports the results of a research project which attempts to identify and classify effectiveness criteria for IPS. The project was undertaken by means of a Delphi survey of experts in IPS usage and classified types of IPS providers, as well as the factors which each group considers most important. This information was used in the development of our set of IPS effectiveness criteria.
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  • 92
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 243-246 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: There are two basic forms of scientific communication: discussion and publication. In both forms, electronic versions have appeared over the Internet to challenge the viability of traditional instruments. Gives a discourse of the tools available and explains why electronic digests appear to provide the best scope in supplanting newsletters; their traditional counterpart.
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  • 93
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 219-228 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The main thrust of this article is to discuss a survey of 60 companies, predominantly from the user's perspective, that use the Internet currently; and to examine the effectiveness of their current Internet Web sites. The results of an online survey were subjected to statistical analysis and this revealed some interesting findings. It was found that 30 percent of the companies had facilities for conducting transactions online and only 7 percent charged users for Web site access. Overall, the Web sites rated highly in terms of ease of access, content and structure but scored poorly for their number of unique features. Of the six industry sectors surveyed (electronic commerce, entertainment and leisure, financial and banking services, information services, retailing and travel and tourism), it was the retailing sector that showed the best overall performance. The best individual Web site in the survey was the Financial Times (http://www.ft.com). It is suggested that this initial survey work could be advanced by extending the sample size and by devising a programme of more extensive statistical analysis.
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 236-242 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Considers the requirement for information security within thedomain of online distance learning. A generic modulestructure is presented which represents a high level abstractionof the different stages of the educational process.Discusses the main security issues that must be considered ateach stage. These various requirements are being addressedin practice by the security framework being developed by theSDLearn research project, a collaborative initiative betweenhigher academic establishments in the UK and Germany.
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  • 95
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 229-235 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The findings of a study by Auger and Gallaugher (1997), in addition to suppositions and anecdotal evidence provided in a number of articles, suggest that there may be key areas of difference as well as similarities in Internet usage patterns among small and mid-sized businesses. Since large businesses are both potential customers of and suppliers to small to mid-sized businesses, it is important to understand their Internet usage patterns as well. The study was designed as a preliminary examination contrasting such usage among large and small and mid-sized owner-operated firms. Study findings suggest mid-sized businesses may be at a competitive disadvantage in their current operational use of the Internet. Small businesses in the study were more likely than mid-sized or large firms to have a home page and to reveal computer/technology programs as potential Internet services needed to improve current operations. Future research must continue to examine the role the Internet can play in allowing small and mid-sized businesses to be more competitive in today's technology based global environment.
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 247-250 
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    Notes: Explores the issue of changing URLs and provides a brief analysis of the degree to which change is occurring. Examines the range of potential solutions and provides discussion concerning the reasons for outdated and inaccurate URLs.
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 251-256 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses the use of a corporate Internet in a geographically-spread consulting firm, James Martin & Co., to share ideas, vision, client information and results. Illustrates with examples. Applications include a quarterly Employee Attitude Survey and regular discussion forums. Proposes that a well-designed corporate intranet is a highly effective method of making intangible vision and mission pledges more tangible.
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 257-265 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes the issues associated with global delivery of education via the Internet, as well as the academic, technical, administrative, instructional, and behavioral considerations. Also presents a course delivery prototype, which has been designed to serve as a shell for the development of full-length courses. The paper's position is that eventually a cyber-academia will be progressively formed, with its own culture and institutions, which will meet the needs of those who are time or place constrained.
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 266-271 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: States that there has been a trend for publications in the Asia-Pacific region to move to a combined print and electronic medium, in an effort to achieve the goals of social equity and increased exposure to the worldwide community through the World Wide Web (WWW). Reviews some of the mechanisms by which this transition can be evaluated with respect to these two goals, both economically, but more importantly, in terms of user-behaviour recorded WWW server access logs. The auditing of these logs facilitates new forms of market research which are impossible to conduct on traditional paper publications, as objective, quantitative information about usage patterns can be measured directly from key variables such as country of origin, most popular content pages, and typical access errors. It is argued that these audits can be used effectively for future planning, developing popular content areas, and creating publicity policy for electronic publications. The transition to a joint paper and electronic format for the South Pacific Journal of Psychology is presented in a three-month case study, with important issues, such as the importance of indigenous contributions, being resolved using statistics computed from the server access logs.
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    Internet research 8 (1998), S. 290-302 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Internet is increasingly being used as a potential library substitute for a wide variety of business information tasks. However, little comparative research exists on the impact of such uses on task performance. This study examined performance differences (perceived, actual, and temporal) for a strategic business information acquisition experimental task when subjects used a library or the Internet. It was found that task performance decreased and time to completion increased when using the Internet as compared to the library. This paradox of performance enhancement expectations and actual outsomes when using the Internet may be temporal or idiosyncratic, or it may signal that our assumptions about traditional and electronic repositories are invalid. In any case, it is imperative that research on task performance continues to be done in order to ascertain the viability of this repository for information tasks. Implications of these findings and avenues of future research are discussed.
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