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  • Bücher  (16)
  • Artikel  (74.554)
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  • 2010-2014  (15.409)
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  • 1
    Unbekannt
    Linear algebra, rational approximation, and orthogonal polynomials (1997)
    Amsterdam ; New York : Elsevier
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): DDC 512/.72 ; LC QA242 ; Algebras, Linear ; Euclidean algorithm ; Orthogonal polynomials ; Pade´ approximant
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (xvii, 446 pages)
    ISBN: 9780444828729
    URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/publication?issn=1570579X&volume=6
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    E-BOOK
  • 2
    Unbekannt
    The Future Internet : Future Internet Assembly 2011: Achievements and Technological Promises (2011)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Computer science ; Computer communication systems ; Information storage and retrieval ; Multimedia information systems ; Computers and civilization ; Electrical engineering ; Computer Science ; Computer Communication Networks ; Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet) ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; Multimedia Information Systems ; Communications Engineering, Networks ; Computers and Society
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Irrespective of whether we use economic or societal metrics, the Internet is one of the most important technical infrastructures in existence today. It will be a catalyst for much of our innovation and prosperity in the future. A competitive Europe will require Internet connectivity and services beyond the capabilities offered by current technologies. Future Internet research is therefore a must.  This book is published in full compliance with the Open Access publishing initiative; it is based on the research carried out within the Future Internet Assembly (FIA). It contains a sample of representative results from the recent FIA meetings spanning a broad range of topics, all being of crucial importance for the future Internet.  The book includes 32 contributions and has been structured into the following sections, each of which is preceded by a short introduction: Foundations: architectural issues; socio-economic issues; security and trust; and experiments and experimental design. Future Internet Areas: networks, services, and content; and applications
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 465 pages)
    ISBN: 9783642208980
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-642-20898-0
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    E-BOOK
  • 3
    Unbekannt
    Shell-Programmierung : Einführung, Praxis, Referenz (2005)
    Bonn : Galileo Press
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Shell ; Shellscript
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: In den ersten zehn Kapiteln des Buches erfahren Sie alles, was Sie zur Shell-Programmierung wissen müssen. Weitere Kapitel gehen auf die unverzichtbaren Tools grep, sed und awk ein, die in Kombination (oder auch allein) mit der Shellscript-Programmierung zu wertvollen Helfern werden können.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (782 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 1. Aufl.
    ISBN: 3898426831
    URL: http://openbook.galileocomputing.de/shell_programmierung/
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Unbekannt
    Versionskontrolle mit Subversion : Software-Projekte intelligent koordinieren (2005)
    Beijing : O'Reilly
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Subversion
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (329 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 1. Aufl.
    ISBN: 3897213907
    URL: http://svnbook.red-bean.com/
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    E-BOOK
  • 5
    Unbekannt
    LINUX Praxishandbuch (2005)
    Beijing : O'Reilly
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): LINUX
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (430 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 1. Aufl.
    ISBN: 3897214164
    URL: http://www.oreilly.de/german/freebooks/runux5ger/
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    E-BOOK
  • 6
    Unbekannt
    Mit Open Source-Tools Spam und Viren bekämpfen : Lösungen für Postfix, Exim & sendmail (2005)
    Beijing : O'Reilly
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Spam-Mail ; Computervirus ; Mail-Filter ; Open Source
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (351 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 1. Aufl.
    ISBN: 389721377X
    URL: http://www.oreilly.de/german/freebooks/spamvirger/
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Unbekannt
    LINUX Netzwerk-Handbuch : Infrastruktur, Dienst, Sicherheit (2005)
    Beijing : O'Reilly
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): LINUX ; Netzwerkverwaltung
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (359 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 3. Aufl.
    ISBN: 3897214148
    URL: http://www.oreilly.de/german/freebooks/linag3ger/418_LinuxIVZ.html
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Unbekannt
    Linux Device Drivers : where the Kernel meets the hardware (2005)
    Beijing : O'Reilly
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): LINUX ; Linux device drivers ; Treiber
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (615 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 3rd ed.
    ISBN: 9780596005900
    URL: http://oreilly.com/catalog/linuxdrive3/book/
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    E-BOOK
  • 9
    Unbekannt
    Managing Projects with GNU Make : use the power of GNU Make to build anything (2005)
    Beijing : O'Reilly
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): GNU ; GNU Emacs ; Make ; Utilities
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (280 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 3rd ed., completely rev. & updated
    ISBN: 0596006101
    URL: http://www.oreilly.de/catalog/make3/book/
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    E-BOOK
  • 10
    Unbekannt
    GPL kommentiert und erklärt : rechtliche Erläuterungen zur GNU General Public License (2005)
    Beijing : O'Reilly
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Open Source ; Lizenzvertrag
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (182 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 1. Aufl.
    ISBN: 3897213893
    URL: http://www.oreilly.de/german/freebooks/gplger/
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    E-BOOK
  • 11
    Unbekannt
    Projection methods for systems of equations (1997)
    Amsterdam ; New York : Elsevier Science
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): DDC 512.9/42 ; LC QA214 ; Equations, Simultaneous - Numerical solutions ; Iterative methods (Mathematics)
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (vii, 400 pages)
    ISBN: 9780444827777
    URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/publication?issn=1570579X&volume=7
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Unbekannt
    PHP PEAR : Anwendung und Entwicklung - Erweiterungen für PHP schreiben (2005)
    Bonn : Galileo Press
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): PHP ; PEAR ; PECL
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Wer PHP effizient einsetzen will, sollte die umfangreichen Erweiterungen von PEAR nutzen. Dabei ist PEAR mehr als nur eine einfache Bibliothek. Vergleichbar dem CPAN-Projekt für Perl bietet PEAR zahlreiche Bibliotheken und nützliche Hilfsmittel für PHP-Entwickler, die sich dank des PEAR-Installers auf einfache Weise in bestehende PHP-Installationen integrieren lassen. So lassen sich Entwicklungprozesse erheblich verkürzen. Ein Hindernis stellten bisher lediglich die unzureichnenden Dokumentationen dar. Das Buch von Carsten Möhrke schafft Abhilfe. Es führt in die Nutzung ein, beschreibt ausführlich die Installation und alle wichtigen PEAR- und PECL-Pakete. Auch die Entwicklung eigener Pakete für das Archiv wird beschrieben.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (798 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 1. Aufl.
    ISBN: 3898425800
    URL: http://openbook.galileocomputing.de/php_pear/
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    E-BOOK
  • 13
    Unbekannt
    Scribus 1.2 kompakt : das offizielle Anwenderhandbuch (2005)
    Saarbrücken : Bomots
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Scribus
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (118 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 2. Aufl.
    ISBN: 9783000143878
    URL: http://it-rezensionen.chip.de/openbooks/openbook/scribus-kompakt-bomots.html
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    E-BOOK
  • 14
    Unbekannt
    VMware und Microsoft Virtual Server : Virtuelle Server im professionellen Einsatz (2005)
    Bonn : Galileo Press
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): VMware ; virtuelle Server
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Bei steigender Komplexität moderner Server-Landschaften und stetig wachsender Rechenleistung ist Servervirtualisierung nicht mehr als die logische Konsequenz. Die Entwicklung in der Unternehmenspraxis bestätigt das: Die Produkte der Firma VMware, der GSX und der ESX-Server, sind gefragt wie nie. Mittlerweile bietet neben einigen anderen Herstellern auch Microsoft eine eigene Softwarelösung an: den Virtual Server. Dieses Buch bietet von der Konzeption bis zum Einsatz das nötige Wissen für professionelle Virtualisierungsprojekte im Unternehmen. Es klärt nicht nur die Frage, was Virtualisierung bedeutet und welches Produkt sich für welchen Zweck am besten eignet, sondern liefert auch umfassendes Profi-Wissen für den praktischen Einsatz, die Einrichtung und Verwaltung virtueller Server-Welten.
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (612 Seiten)
    Ausgabe: 1. Aufl.
    ISBN: 9783898427012
    URL: http://openbook.galileocomputing.de/vmware/
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    E-BOOK
  • 15
    Unbekannt
    Linked Data : Evolving the Web into a Global Data Space (2011)
    San Rafael, California : Morgan & Claypool
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): web technology ; databases ; linked data ; web of data ; semantic web ; world wide web ; dataspaces ; data integration ; data management ; web engineering ; resource description framework
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Preface --- Chapter 1 Introduction --- 1.1 The Data Deluge --- 1.2 The Rationale for Linked Data --- 1.2.1 Structure Enables Sophisticated Processing --- 1.2.2 Hyperlinks Connect Distributed Data --- 1.3 From Data Islands to a Global Data Space --- 1.4 Introducing Big Lynx Productions --- Chapter 2 Principles of Linked Data --- 2.1 The Principles in a Nutshell --- 2.2 Naming Things with URIs --- 2.3 Making URIs Defererenceable --- 2.3.1 303 URIs --- 2.3.2 Hash URIs --- 2.3.3 Hash versus 303 --- 2.4 Providing Useful RDF Information --- 2.4.1 The RDF Data Model --- 2.4.2 RDF Serialization Formats --- 2.5 Including Links to other Things --- 2.5.1 Relationship Links --- 2.5.2 Identity Links --- 2.5.3 Vocabulary Links --- 2.6 Conclusions --- Chapter 3 The Web of Data --- 3.1 Bootstrapping the Web of Data --- 3.2 Topology of the Web of Data --- 3.2.1 Cross-Domain Data --- 3.2.2 Geographic Data --- 3.2.3 Media Data --- 3.2.4 Government Data --- 3.2.5 Libraries and Education --- 3.2.6 Life Sciences Data --- 3.2.7 Retail and Commerce --- 3.2.8 User Generated Content and Social Media --- 3.3 Conclusions --- Chapter 4 Linked Data Design Considerations --- 4.1 Using URIs as Names for Things --- 4.1.1 Minting HTTP URIs --- 4.1.2 Guidelines for Creating Cool URIs --- 4.1.3 Example URIs --- 4.2 Describing Things with RDF --- 4.2.1 Literal Triples and Outgoing Links --- 4.2.2 Incoming Links --- 4.2.3 Triples that Describe Related Resources --- 4.2.4 Triples that Describe the Description --- 4.3 Publishing Data about Data --- 4.3.1 Describing a Data Set --- 4.3.2 Provenance Metadata --- 4.3.3 Licenses, Waivers and Norms for Data --- 4.4 Choosing and Using Vocabularies --- 4.4.1 SKOS, RDFS and OWL --- 4.4.2 RDFS Basics --- 4.4.3 A Little OWL --- 4.4.4 Reusing Existing Terms --- 4.4.5 Selecting Vocabularies --- 4.4.6 Defining Terms --- 4.5 Making Links with RDF --- 4.5.1 Making Links within a Data Set --- 4.5.2 Making Links with External Data Sources --- 4.5.3 Setting RDF Links Manually --- 4.5.4 Auto-generating RDF Links --- Chapter 5 Recipes for Publishing Linked Data --- 5.1 Linked Data Publishing Patterns --- 5.1.1 Patterns in a Nutshell --- 5.1.2 Additional Considerations --- 5.2 The Recipes --- 5.2.1 Serving Linked Data as Static RDF/XML Files --- 5.2.2 Serving Linked Data as RDF Embedded in HTML Files --- 5.2.3 Serving RDF and HTML with Custom Server-Side Scripts --- 5.2.4 Serving Linked Data from Relational Databases --- 5.2.5 Serving Linked Data from RDF Triple Stores --- 5.2.6 Serving Linked Data by Wrapping Existing Application or Web APIs --- 5.3 Additional Approaches to Publishing Linked Data --- 5.4 Testing and Debugging Linked Data --- 5.5 Linked Data Publishing Checklist --- Chapter 6 Consuming Linked Data --- 6.1 Deployed Linked Data Applications --- 6.1.1 Generic Applications --- 6.1.2 Domain-specific Applications --- 6.2 Developing a Linked Data Mashup --- 6.2.1 Software Requirements --- 6.2.2 Accessing Linked Data URIs --- 6.2.3 Representing Data Locally using Named Graphs --- 6.2.4 Querying Local Data with SPARQL --- 6.3 Architecture of Linked Data Applications --- 6.3.1 Accessing the Web of Data --- 6.3.2 Vocabulary Mapping --- 6.3.3 Identity Resolution --- 6.3.4 Provenance Tracking --- 6.3.5 Data Quality Assessment --- 6.3.6 Caching Web Data Locally --- 6.3.7 Using Web Data in the Application Context --- 6.4 Effort Distribution between Publishers, Consumers and Third Parties --- Chapter 7 Summary and Outlook --- Footnotes --- References --- Authors' Biographies
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 122 pages) , illustrations
    ISBN: 9781608454310
    URL: http://linkeddatabook.com/editions/1.0/
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    E-BOOK
  • 16
    Unbekannt
    The Future Internet : Future Internet Assembly 2011: Achievements and Technological Promises (2011)
    Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer
    Details
    Schlagwort(e): Computer science ; Computer communication systems ; Information storage and retrieval ; Multimedia information systems ; Computers and civilization ; Electrical engineering ; Computer Science ; Computer Communication Networks ; Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet) ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; Multimedia Information Systems ; Communications Engineering, Networks ; Computers and Society
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Irrespective of whether we use economic or societal metrics, the Internet is one of the most important technical infrastructures in existence today. It will be a catalyst for much of our innovation and prosperity in the future. A competitive Europe will require Internet connectivity and services beyond the capabilities offered by current technologies. Future Internet research is therefore a must.  This book is published in full compliance with the Open Access publishing initiative; it is based on the research carried out within the Future Internet Assembly (FIA). It contains a sample of representative results from the recent FIA meetings spanning a broad range of topics, all being of crucial importance for the future Internet.  The book includes 32 contributions and has been structured into the following sections, each of which is preceded by a short introduction: Foundations: architectural issues; socio-economic issues; security and trust; and experiments and experimental design. Future Internet Areas: networks, services, and content; and applications
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVI, 465 pages)
    ISBN: 9783642208980
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-642-20898-0
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    E-BOOK
  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Book Reviews (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Russell, Stuart and Norvig, Peter Artificial Intelligence: A Modern ApproachEdwards, Alistair, D.N. (ed.) Extra-Ordinary Human-Computer Interaction: Interfaces for Users with DisabilitiesVacca, John R. VRML: Bringing Virtual Reality to the Internet
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00057
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    REDSIEX: A Cooperative Network of Expert Systems with Blackboard Architectures (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The blackboard architecture, originally developed for the system that permits the comprehension of language, HEARSAY II, has later been used in a great variety of domains and in various environments for the construction of systems. From the classic architecture of HEARSAY II, many applications, generalizations, extensions and refinements have been developed. In this paper we present REDSIEX, (RED de SIstemas EXpertos) which is a network of expert systems within a blackboard architecture, for the cooperation solution of distributed problems. The REDSIEX system inherits various of the elements defined by the architecture of HEARSAY II and incorporates new components and organization. These produce a very characteristic and exclusive global work style in the solution of problems, within a conceptual framework of emergent control. The main structural and functional characteristics of REDSIEX are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00055
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diary (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.t01-3-00058
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An Intelligent Business Advisor System for Stock Investment (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: This paper presents an intelligent system to assist small investors to determine stock trend signals for investment in stock business. A pilot system is built providing three main categories of technical and analysis theories, namely momentum, moving average, and support/resistance line. It has extensive graphic interface design to facilitate the usage of the system. For novice investors, the system is associated with tutoring features and it supports analysis study of the rationale behind some system recommendations. Skilful investors can explore the various theories for the prediction by means of adjusting the weightings, combinations and even some independent variables allocated by the intelligent system. General users can therefore formulate their investment strategies upon system recommendations under different investment criteria accordingly.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00049
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Using the CARMEN’s framework to model and acquire knowledge (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The manner in which CARMEN (Constraints And Rules Management ENgine), an operational expert system generator developed as part of the ESPRIT project ITHACA, models and acquires knowledge is discussed. Central to CARMEN are three types of control entities (TASKs, MKSs and BKSs) which are used to describe problem-solving at the knowledge-use level. Modeling of domain knowledge is done both at the deep and surface levels. The Integrity Checking Task (or ICT) is used to illustrate the manner in which CARMEN works. We conclude the paper with a comparison of CARMEN with other approaches in knowledge modeling.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00043
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    ON KNOWLEDGE GRID AND GRID INTELLIGENCE: A SURVEY (2005)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
    Computational intelligence 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The next generation Web Intelligence (WI) aims at enabling users to go beyond the existing online information search and knowledge queries functionalities and to gain, from the Web, practical wisdom for problem solving. To support such a Wisdom Web, we envision that a grid-like computing infrastructure with intelligent service agencies is needed, where these agencies can interact, self-organize, learn, and evolve their course of actions, identities, and interrelationships for new knowledge creation, as well as scientific and social evolution. In this paper, we first provide an overview of recent development in WI and Semantic/Knowledge Grid. Then, the fundamental capabilities of the Wisdom Web as well as the conceptual architecture of an intelligent Grid for supporting it are described. Technical challenges for realizing Grid Intelligence are highlighted and the recent advancements in related research areas are reviewed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0824-7935.2005.00267.x
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    QUERY ROUTING IN A PEER-TO-PEER SEMANTIC LINK NETWORK (2005)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
    Computational intelligence 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: A semantic link peer-to-peer (P2P) network specifies and manages semantic relationships between peers' data schemas and can be used as the semantic layer of a scalable Knowledge Grid. The proposed approach consists of an automatic semantic link discovery method, a tool for building and maintaining P2P semantic link networks (P2PSLNs), a semantic-based peer similarity measurement for efficient query routing, and the schema mapping algorithms for query reformulation and heterogeneous data integration. The proposed approach has three important aspects. First, it uses semantic links to enrich the relationships between peers' data schemas. Second, it considers not only nodes but also the XML structure in measuring the similarity between schemas to efficiently and accurately forward queries to relevant peers. Third, it copes with semantic and structural heterogeneity and data inconsistency so that peers can exchange and translate heterogeneous information within a uniform view.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0824-7935.2005.00271.x
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A Temporal Knowledge Representation Approach Based on Elementary Calculus (1997)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishers Inc
    Computational intelligence 13 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The standard AI method for representing temporal information in a first-order logic is to directly associate the information with a time point or interval via a relation. We present a new paradigm for temporal knowledge representation. All point-based temporal information is translated to real-valued functions in the Cartesian plane. For example, information that is true/false at a point becomes a 0–1 function. Other types of information, such as velocity, are directly represented with real-valued functions. The unique feature of the proposed approach is the use of the Riemann integral to represent interval-based information. Our approach is based on the fact that what is true at every point in an interval completely determines what is true over the interval. We conclude with a formal presentation of a first-order logic that is based on the proposed representation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0824-7935.00048
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Types of Contexts and Their Role in Multimodal Communication (1997)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishers Inc
    Computational intelligence 13 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: In this paper the idea is presented that human communication is carried through messages that are the result of the integration of a set of communicative acts, some of which are, in a traditional view, contextual phenomena with respect to a main (linguistic) communication act. A formalization of the notion of communicative situation is attempted, which eliminates the distinction between context and main communication acts. The ideas presented in this paper come from a re-thinking of a prototype implemented in 1989 for the ESPRIT Project 527, CFID whose main features are presented in Section 4.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0824-7935.00045
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Extending Conceptual Definitions with Default Knowledge (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Inc.
    Computational intelligence 13 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: In description logics, default knowledge is exclusively treated as incidental rules. However, as few concepts are definable using only strict knowledge, imposing strict definitions leads to terminological knowledge bases that mostly contain partially defined concepts. This is a real problem because such concepts can only be inserted as leaves of the terminology. Moreover, instance recognition is biased as these concepts must be explicitly mentioned as properties of these instances. It follows that partially defined concepts are described with necessary but not sufficient conditions. As a solution to these problems, we propose to integrate defaults in concept definitions and we argue that this is essential for our diagnosis application. We introduce a description language ALεδ with default(δ) and exception(ε) connectives. The cornerstone of our approach is the introduction of a definitional point of view where a default can be part of a concept definition, whereas in the classical inheritance one it is only viewed as a weak implication. We go on to describe a map between the definition of a concept and its inherited properties, and we show that the combination of these definitional and inheritance levels considerably improves the capabilities of classification processes. In particular this allows us to distinguish sure from probable instances and typical from exceptional instances. Finally we provide a specific operation, object refinement, which consists in enlarging object descriptions with exceptions in order to find additional concepts the object is an instance of. This operation is useful for our diagnosis application.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0824-7935.00040
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Abstractional Concept Mapping: A Foundational Model for Analogical Reasoning (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Inc.
    Computational intelligence 13 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: We present a mathematical model providing a formal basis for analogical reasoning, referred to as abstractional concept mapping. The approach provides a formal basis for all comparison–based reasoning (e.g., literal similarity, analogy, metaphor, and scientific models) in that given any two descriptions in first–order logic, arbitrary comparisons of similarity are representable as first–order theories (referred to as “comparison theories”), dependent only on the notion of logical truth and not on domain–specific heuristics or particular features of the knowledge representation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0824-7935.00028
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A Critical Reexamination of Default Logic, Autoepistemic Logic, and Only Knowing (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Inc.
    Computational intelligence 13 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Fifteen years of work on nonmonotonic logic has certainly increased our understanding of the area. However, given a problem in which nonmonotonic reasoning is called for, it is far from clear how one should go about modeling the problem using the various approaches. We explore this issue in the context on two of the best–known approaches, Reiter's default logic and Moore's autoepistemic logic, as well as two related notions of “only knowing,” due to Halpern and Moses and to Levesque. In particular, we return to the original technical definitions given in these papers and examine the extent to which they capture the intuitions they were designed to capture.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0824-7935.00036
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Editorial (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00035
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Database Based Reasoning for Real Time Monitoring and Data Analysis in Intensive Care Units (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The complexity of the monitored data available in modern intensive care units (ICUs) means that they are best processed, for presentation to medical staff, by expert system techniques. This article describes an expert system that has an appropriately designed inference engine, handling the temporal considerations inherent in monitoring and manages data acquisition via a Medical Information Bus. Also, we will describe how we extended our monitoring system in ICUs by writing an interface allowing communication in dynamic SQL with a relational database management system. The extended system facilitates both permanent filing of case data and the use of filed data by the rules of the expert system, and allows automatic intelligent screening of data prior to permanent filing so as to ensure data reliability.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00056
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00058
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A Measurement Framework that Supports Evaluation of Knowledge Engineering Products (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: In this paper, we stress the importance of considering evaluation from an overall viewpoint in order to product higher quality Knowledge-based Systems (KBS), that is, measuring attributes of products generated throughout the entire system life cycle rather than the final system alone. A framework for measuring typical products obtained during the development phases is proposed here. This measurement framework includes the definition of the products and the definition of attributes that characterize these products. The attributes are ordered as a multilevel hierarchy. The aim of the measurement framework proposed is to facilitate the application of measurement plans to KBS, using associated metrics. When building this environment, we sought to unify other work in the field of KBS evaluation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00050
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intelligent Scheduling with GUESS (Generically Used Expert Scheduling System): Development and Testing Results (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Scheduling is a prevalent function that is omnipresent throughout many industries and applications (Pinedo, 1995; Morton & Pentico, 1993; Zweben & Fox, 1994; Brown & Scherer, 1995). A great need exists for developing scheduling toolkits that can be generically applied to a number of different scheduling problems. To meet this need, more research is warranted for developing a state-of-the-art generic constraint problem-solver as related to scheduling. This paper discusses the development and testing of the Generically Used Expert Scheduling System (GUESS).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00048
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00046
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diary (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00047
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An Analysis of Knowledge Acquisition Roles and Participants (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Much recent research effort in the field of knowledge acquisition (KA) has focussed on extending knowledge acquisition techniques and processes to include a wider array of participants and knowledge sources in a variety of knowledge acquisition scenarios. As the domain of expert systems applications and research has expanded, techniques have been developed to acquire and incorporate knowledge from groups of experts and from various sources such as text, video, and audio tapes. However, the dominant participant-role model remains that of the knowledge engineer eliciting knowledge from one or more human experts. This conceptual gap has contributed to the major divisions in the KA field between researchers interested in manual KA and those developing tools for automated KA. This article considers the wide variety of possible KA scenarios and presents a meta-view of KA participants and the roles they may assume.We suggest that it is more appropriate to think of knowledge acquisition participants as playing one or more roles. These include knowledge sources, agents and targets for KA processes. We also present a participant model drawn from research in decision support systems that more accurately characterizes the diversity of the entities participating in the KA process. This view is more inclusive as it allows us to consider both human-human and human-computer KA interactions as well as the whole variety of knowledge sources and targets. A careful consideration of the meta-view and its associated role-participant mappings also yields the new ideas of the elemental and composite role and the multi-role entity. These new constructs are then used to identify areas where research is currently needed and to generate specific research issues. Taken altogether, this view allows a more flexible consideration of the many possible combinations that can and frequently do occur in actual KA situations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00036
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    DEC starts Al marketing drive (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00433.x
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Training, education, courses, seminars (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00434.x
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Letter to the Editor (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00435.x
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    IMPACT 1984: The fifth generation and expert systems considered (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00436.x
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Expert Systems interview: Alex d'Agapeyeff (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00437.x
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of an expert system (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00438.x
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An intelligent operator aid for dynamic route planning (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: This paper considers an application of decision aiding for maritime operations, viz the design of an intelligent operator aid for dynamic route planning. The limitations of some existing methods are discussed and an Al approach is proposed that combines algorithmic and heuristic processing elements within an embedded system. The aid consists of three elements: a intelligent front end, a route planner and an explanation facility.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00439.x
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An expert system for federal tax planning (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Recent developments in a subarea of computer science called artificial intelligence have included the creation of expert systems that are capable of solving difficult applications problems which require expert knowledge for their solution. Such expert systems have been found to be useful in a number of applications (e.g. medicine, biochemistry and mineral exploration). In this paper the author presents an expert system for solving problems concerning income and transfer tax planning for individuals In developing this system, a theoretical structure and a set of decision rules were specified and then programmed into a rule-based system that had previously been used for medical diagnosis (Mycin [1]) Once the system was developed, its problem-solving capabilities were refined and verified by a panel of tax experts using a blind verification procedure. This verification step demonstrated that an expert system could be developed in that domain.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00440.x
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    INDEX (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00442.x
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hazard: an expert system for screening environmental chemicals on carcinogenicity (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to design an expert system or an intelligent procedure' that purports to screen hazard potentials of environmental chemicals on the basis of structure-activity relationships in the study of chemical carcinogenesis, particularly with respect to analysing the current state of known structural information about chemical carcinogens and predicting the possible carcinogenicity of untested chemicals An analysis of a computerised database of known carcinogens (knowledge base) is being performed using the structure-activity trees in order to test the validity of the tree as a classification scheme (inference engine) and to evaluate trends or patterns that may exist between chemical structure and specificity for target tissue, route of administration, and animal species. Practical applications of the structure-activity tree depend on its eventual validation as a predictor of carcinogenic activity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00441.x
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A letter from the publisher (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00422.x
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00423.x
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Japanese work in expert systems (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Activities concerning expert systems in Japan are outlined. Expert systems are receiving increasing attention in Japan, together with fifth-generation computers. Rather than describing the details of individual systems, a variety of expert systems are briefly introduced with their aims and features.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00425.x
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    ISIS—a knowledge-based system for factory scheduling (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Analysis of the job shop scheduling domain has indicated that the crux of the scheduling problem is the determination and satisfaction of a large variety of constraints. Schedules are influenced by such diverse and conflicting factors as due date requirements, cost restrictions, production levels, machine capabilities and substitutability, alternative production processes, order characteristics, resource requirements, and resource availability. This paper describes ISIS, a scheduling system capable of incorporating all relevant constraints in the construction of job shop schedules. We examine both the representation of constraints within ISIS, and the manner in which these constraints are used in conducting a constraint-directed search for an acceptable schedule. The important issues relating to the relaxation of constraints are addressed. Finally, the interactive scheduling facilities provided by ISIS are considered.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00424.x
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evaluating civil claims: an expert systems approach (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00427.x
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Expert systems and artificial intelligence move offshore (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00428.x
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The role of expert systems in producing log interpretation software (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Log interpretation science is a controversial and rapidly changing domain. Designing interpretation models is a highly experimental process which involves trials with a computer program as an integral part of the design. Therefore conventional software engineering techniques, which require a complete specification of the problem before the program is written, are often not applicable or fail to produce high quality software. The development of expert systems has provided the techniques, tools, and capabilities to let us seek alternate methods to produce log interpretation software: exploratory programming environments and automatic programming systems. An exploratory programming environment combines the power of interactive graphics and programming tools to merge the design and programming tasks into a single process where model and program develop together. An automatic programming system will embody the knowledge of the programming process and of some log interpretation heuristics to produce log processing programs from interactive specifications expressed in familiar terms. These facilities will allow log interpretation model designers, who are non-computer specialists, to produce high quality software as the end result of a model design.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00426.x
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Award for Prolog pioneer (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00429.x
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Artificial Intelligence and Productivity (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00430.x
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Introduction for computer professionals (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00431.x
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  • 57
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    Digitale Medien
    Recent articles (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 1 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1984.tb00432.x
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An adaptive learning algorithm for a wavelet neural network (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: An optimal online learning algorithm of a wavelet neural network is proposed. The algorithm provides not only the tuning of synaptic weights in real time, but also the tuning of dilation and translation factors of daughter wavelets. The algorithm has both tracking and smoothing properties, so the wavelet networks trained with this algorithm can be efficiently used for prediction, filtering, compression and classification of various non-stationary noisy signals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00314.x
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A Web-enabled product definition and customization system for product conceptualization (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Owing to rapidly changing customer needs and much shorter product life cycles, for developing a successful product it is imperative to employ more efficient and flexible approaches for product conceptualization. To meet this demand, a Web-enabled product definition and customization system (PDCS) is proposed, from a design-knowledge-handling viewpoint, in this paper. It comprises two phases, namely product definition based on the laddering technique and a novel design knowledge hierarchy, and product customization based on an integrated methodology of conjoint analysis and Kohonen association techniques. Basically, this system is a method of conducting design decision-making via customer involvement, i.e. a strategy for transforming customer preference into a specific product concept. A case study on wood golf club design is used to illustrate and validate the proposed Web-enabled PDCS.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00315.x
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00318.x
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Developments of fuzzy PID controllers (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: This paper describes the development and tuning methods for a novel self-organizing fuzzy proportional integral derivative (PID) controller. Before applying fuzzy logic, the PID gains are tuned using a conventional tuning method. At supervisory level, fuzzy logic readjusts the PID gains online. In the first tuning method, fuzzy logic at the supervisory level readjusts the three PID gains during the system operation. In the second tuning method, fuzzy logic only readjusts the proportional PID gain, and the corresponding integral and derivative gains are readjusted using the Ziegler–Nichols tuning method while the system is in operation. For the compositional rule of inferences in the fuzzy PID and the self-organizing fuzzy PID schemes two new approaches are introduced: the min implication function with the mean of maxima defuzzification method, and the max-product implication function with the centre of gravity defuzzification method. The fuzzy PID controller, the self-organizing fuzzy PID controller and the PID controller are all applied to a non-linear revolute-joint robot arm for step input and path tracking experiments using computer simulation. For the step input and path tracking experiments, the novel self-organizing fuzzy PID controller produces a better output response than the fuzzy PID controller; and in turn both controllers exhibit better process output than the PID controller.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00316.x
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diary (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00319.x
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Strategies for preventing defection based on the mean time to defection and their implementations on a self-organizing map (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Customer retention is a critical issue for the survival of any business in today's competitive marketplace. In this paper, we propose a dynamic procedure utilizing self-organizing maps and a Markov process for detecting and preventing customer defection that uses data of past and current customer behavior. The basic concept originates from empirical observations that identified that a customer has a tendency to change behavior (i.e. trim-out usage volumes) before eventual withdrawal and defection. Our explanatory model predicts when potential defectors are likely to withdraw. Two strategies are suggested to respond to the question of where to lead potential defectors for the next stage, based on anticipating when the potential defector will leave. Our model predicts potential defectors with little deterioration of prediction accuracy compared with that of the multilayer perceptron neural network and decision trees. Moreover, it performs reasonably well in a controlled experiment using an online game.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00317.x
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00312.x
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Design of a case-based logistics strategy system – an integrated approach (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Logistics service providers are professionals who serve clients such as manufacturers, raw material suppliers, distributors, retailers and shippers within the supply chain. Traditionally, the formulation of logistics strategies to execute various logistics services has been based solely on experience. In this paper, an intelligent case-based logistics strategy system (CLSS) is designed to help logistics service providers to develop strategies under various customers' demands. The proposed system, which is suitable for use in warehouse operations in the Hong Kong/Pearl River Delta region, enhances the effectiveness of logistics strategies formulations by integrating case-based reasoning technology seamlessly with various data management software such as a data warehouse, on-line analytical processing and a multidimensional database management system. Through applying CLSS in Eastern Worldwide Company, the resource utilization is maximized while work efficiency is greatly enhanced. As a result, the overall logistics operations are smoothened significantly.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00309.x
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Detecting the change of customer behavior based on decision tree analysis (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Understanding and adapting to changes in customer behavior is an important aspect for survival in a continuously changing environment. This paper develops a methodology based on decision tree analysis to detect the change in classified customer segments automatically between two data sets collected over time. We first define three types of changes as the emerging pattern, the unexpected change and the added/perished rule. Then, similarity and difference measures are developed for rule matching to detect all types of change. Finally, the degree of change is developed to evaluate the amount of change. Our suggested methodology based on decision tree analysis in the change detection problem can be used in more structured situations in which the manager has a specific research question and it also detects the change of classification criteria in a dynamically changing environment. A Korean Internet shopping mall case is evaluated to represent the performance of our suggested methodology, and practical business implications for this methodology are also provided. We believe that the change detection problem and the suggested methodology will become increasingly important as more data mining applications are implemented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00310.x
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Inducing safer oblique trees without costs (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Decision tree induction has been widely studied and applied. In safety applications, such as determining whether a chemical process is safe or whether a person has a medical condition, the cost of misclassification in one of the classes is significantly higher than in the other class. Several authors have tackled this problem by developing cost-sensitive decision tree learning algorithms or have suggested ways of changing the distribution of training examples to bias the decision tree learning process so as to take account of costs. A prerequisite for applying such algorithms is the availability of costs of misclassification. Although this may be possible for some applications, obtaining reasonable estimates of costs of misclassification is not easy in the area of safety.This paper presents a new algorithm for applications where the cost of misclassifications cannot be quantified, although the cost of misclassification in one class is known to be significantly higher than in another class. The algorithm utilizes linear discriminant analysis to identify oblique relationships between continuous attributes and then carries out an appropriate modification to ensure that the resulting tree errs on the side of safety. The algorithm is evaluated with respect to one of the best known cost-sensitive algorithms (ICET), a well-known oblique decision tree algorithm (OC1) and an algorithm that utilizes robust linear programming.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00311.x
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diary (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00313.x
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The sorting techniques: a tutorial paper on card sorts, picture sorts and item sorts (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Although sorting techniques (e.g. card sorts) are widely used in knowledge acquisition and requirements acquisition, they have received little formal attention compared to related techniques such as repertory grids and laddering. This paper briefly describes the main sorting techniques, and then provides a detailed tutorial on one variety (repeated single-criterion sorts), using a worked example. Guidelines for choice and sequencing of techniques are given, both in relation to varieties of sorting technique and in relation to other techniques. It is concluded that the sorting techniques are a valuable part of the elicitor's methodological toolkit.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00300.x
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Making sense of card sorting data (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Among the knowledge elicitation techniques card sorting is notable for its simplicity of use, its focus on subjects' terminology (rather than that of external experts) and its ability to elicit semi-tacit knowledge. Card sorting involves categorizing a set of pictures, objects or labelled cards into distinct groups using a single criterion. This paper focuses on the challenges associated with analyzing the data that result from card sorts, especially when large data sets are generated. Traditional semantic analysis methods that require direct researcher interpretation of elicited linguistic terms are distinguished from methods that are purely syntactic, and hence can be automated. Each paper within this special issue is summarized and its contribution to card sorting in general, and data analysis in particular, is highlighted. The set of novel computational techniques presented in several of the papers in this issue is examined. The paper concludes by noting that even large-scale data sets can be meaningfully analysed by combining well-known interpretative methods with the new computational approaches presented within this special issue.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00299.x
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    That site looks 88.46% familiar: quantifying similarity of Web page design (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Web page design guidelines produce a pressure towards uniformity; excessive uniformity lays a Web page designer open to accusations of plagiarism. In the past, assessment of similarity between visual products such as Web pages has involved an uncomfortably high degree of subjectivity. This paper describes a method for measuring perceived similarity of visual products which avoids previous problems with subjectivity, and which makes it possible to pool results from respondents without the need for intermediate coding. This method is based on co-occurrence matrices derived from card sorts. It can also be applied to other areas of software development, such as systems analysis and market research.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00302.x
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Women's working wardrobes: a study using card sorts (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Picture sorts were used to investigate perceptions of women's office clothes, with a sample of ten male and ten female subjects who normally worked in an office environment. The pictures on the cards were taken from catalogues, and showed women's outfits which might be worn in an office. The subjects sorted the cards repeatedly and generated criteria and categories of their own choice. Some of the criteria and categories had not been previously reported in the clothing research literature. Over half of the male subjects, but none of the female subjects, used ‘married/unmarried woman’ as a sorting criterion, although only one of the images sorted showed a wedding ring. A significantly higher proportion of male than of female subjects used dichotomous categorization (i.e. sorting the cards into two piles for one or more of the criteria). The reasons for this are obscure, but do not appear to be a simple outcome of males not knowing much about female clothing. Previous research into clothing has tended to involve researcher-centred approaches such as semiotics; the results from this study suggest that there would be advantages in wider use of subject-centred approaches such as card sorts, both in this domain and elsewhere. It was concluded that card sorts were a useful method and should be more widely used.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00301.x
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Using edit distance to analyze card sorts (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Card sorts are a knowledge elicitation technique in which participants are given a collection of items and are asked to partition them into groups based on their own criteria. Information about the participant's knowledge structure is inferred from the groups formed and the names used to describe the groups through various methods ranging from simple quantitative statistical measures (e.g. co-occurrence frequencies) to complex qualitative methods (e.g. content analysis on the group names). This paper introduces a new technique for analyzing card sort data that uses quantitative measures to discover rich qualitative results. This method is based upon a distance metric between sorts that allows one to measure the similarity of groupings and then look for clusters of closely related sorts across individuals. By using software for computing these clusters, it is possible to identify common concepts across individuals, despite the use of different terminology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00304.x
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Measuring card sort orthogonality (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Card sorts can be used to study the way human subjects acquire and organize conceptual knowledge. Analyses of card sorts often involve subjective examination of criteria or category names or using clustering techniques, neither of which lend themselves well to direct statistical analysis. This paper defines NMST, a quantitative measure of knowledge discrimination based on repeated, single-criterion card sorts that is independent of criteria or category names and that is particularly amenable to statistical analysis. The NMST measure is illustrated by applying it to a particular data set collected in a large multinational card sort study of subjects, where the knowledge area comes from a first-year programming course. Applied to this data set, the NMST measure is shown to distinguish, with statistical significance, between a set of subjects with only an introduction to programming and a set of subjects who have completed the equivalent of a bachelor's degree or higher in a computing-related discipline.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00305.x
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  • 75
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    Digitale Medien
    A multi-institutional, multinational study of programming concepts using card sort data (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: This paper presents a case study of the use of a repeated single-criterion card sort with an unusually large, diverse participant group. The study, whose goal was to elicit novice programmers' knowledge of programming concepts, involved over 20 researchers from four continents and 276 participants drawn from 20 different institutions. In this paper we present the design of the study and the unexpected result that there were few discernible systematic differences in the population. The study was one of the activities of the National Science Foundation funded Bootstrapping Research in Computer Science Education project (2003).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00303.x
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    What do successful computer science students know? An integrative analysis using card sort measures and content analysis to evaluate graduating students' knowledge of programming concepts (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: This paper describes a multi-institutional study that used a repeated single-criterion card sort to investigate graduating computer science students' knowledge of programming concepts. The study seeks to improve computer science instruction by gaining insight into how graduating students retain and assimilate introductory programming knowledge into their broader understanding of the discipline. A total of 291 card sorts was elicited from 65 undergraduate students in their final year of study at eight colleges and universities throughout the USA. To fully exploit the rich qualitative and quantitative aspects of the card sort data, an integrative analysis process was used that combined content analysis with two measures, normalized minimum spanning tree and edit distance, both developed specifically to analyze card sort data.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00306.x
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00307.x
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diary (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00308.x
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  • 79
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    Digitale Medien
    Knowledge management for administrative knowledge (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: Administrative knowledge or office knowledge is the knowledge used in conjunction with the support operations in an organization. Systems managing this knowledge are referred to as extended office systems (EOSs). EOSs will be used to support knowledge exchanges in organizations. The types of knowledge handled by EOSs are illustrated and their characteristics are highlighted. Based on these characteristics, a formalism is proposed, which utilizes structural and descriptive links to achieve an extensible, open-ended representation. A prototype system using the representation and incorporating approximately 200 items of knowledge has been developed and can answer questions about a software engineering company.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00294.x
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An expert system for detection of electrocardiographic changes in patients with partial epilepsy using wavelet-based neural networks (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: In this study a wavelet-based neural network model, employing the multilayer perceptron, is presented for the detection of electrocardiographic changes in patients with partial epilepsy. Decision making is performed in two stages: feature extraction using the wavelet transform, and multilayer perceptron neural networks (MLPNNs) trained with the backpropagation, delta-bar-delta, extended delta-bar-delta and quick propagation algorithms as classifiers. The classification results, the values of statistical parameters and performance evaluation parameters of the MLPNNs trained with different algorithms are compared. Two types of electrocardiogram beats (normal and partial epilepsy) obtained from the MIT-BIH database were classified with accuracy varying from 90.00% to 97.50% by the MLPNNs trained with different algorithms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00295.x
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Flexible flow shop scheduling: optimum, heuristics and artificial intelligence solutions (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: For the past three decades or so the flexible flow shop (FFS) scheduling problem has attracted many researchers. Numerous research articles have been published on this topic. This study reviews research on the FFS scheduling problem from the past and the present. The solution approaches reviewed range from the optimum to heuristics and to artificial intelligence search techniques. I not only discuss the details from the selected methods and compare them, but also provide insights and suggestions for future research.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00297.x
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A reasoning method for a ship design expert system (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: The ship design process is a highly data-oriented, dynamic, iterative and multi-stage algorithm. It utilizes multiple abstraction levels and concurrent engineering techniques. Specialized techniques for knowledge acquisition, knowledge representation and reasoning must be developed to solve these problems for a ship design expert system. Consequently, very few attempts have been made to model the ship design process using an expert system approach. The current work investigates a knowledge representation–reasoning technique for such a purpose. A knowledge-based conceptual design was developed by utilizing a prototype approach and hierarchical decompositioning. An expert system program called ALDES (accommodation layout design expert system) was developed by using the CLIPS expert system shell and an object-oriented user interface. The reasoning and knowledge representation methods of ALDES are explained in the paper. An application of the method is given for the general arrangement design of a containership.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00296.x
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diary (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00298.x
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On procedures (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: An intriguing recent development is the vogue for formal documentation of the processes and procedures allegedly followed by an organization. The Author examines the possible drawbacks of such an approach, and discusses possible explanations for its present ubiquity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00290.x
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A knowledge-based system for the recycling of non-hazardous industrial residuals in civil engineering applications (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: It is estimated that 4.6 billion tons of non-hazardous solid waste materials are produced annually in the USA. The potential reuse for a portion of the materials in the construction of highways and roads suggests that valuable benefits in terms of economic and environmental gains are possible. This paper describes the development of a prototype computer-assisted tool or expert system to help manufacturers assess and analyze their industrial residuals as potential road construction material. This represents an expansion in the application of intelligent systems to domains where a few, hard-to-find technical reports have represented the main source of expertise available to practitioners for years. The system, developed through the use of an object-oriented software shell, Level5 Object, was designed in a user-friendly Windows environment which allows users with little or no computer training to effectively evaluate material residuals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00288.x
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Associative diagnosis (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: We present a new architecture of a diagnostic system composed of an associative memory with feedback connections. This new architecture requires limited computer resources, it is fast, and it can run on small computers. The diagnostic process is described by a deduction system that performs an abductive inference. The abductive inference itself is explained by the verbal category theory. We model both processes by an associative memory that performs the inference with the aid of the feedback connections. The represented knowledge is arranged in groups that define taxonomy. An embedded diagnostic system for the determination of a disorder with applications in modern industrial machines is presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00291.x
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Design and implementation of a process optimizer: a case study on monitoring molding operations (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Abstract: To cope with the requirements of high dimensional accuracy for injection molding components, it is important to optimize the process parameters in order to sustain the high level dimensional quality of the molded parts. In this respect, a study in the domain of process optimization is of paramount importance in terms of determining the optimal set of injection molding parameters. To this end, a methodology to establish an integrated model which consists of both fuzzy logic reasoning and a genetic algorithm is proposed. These two artificial intelligence techniques can complement each other to form an integrated model which capitalizes on the merits and at the same time offsets the pitfalls of the involved technologies. To validate the feasibility of the proposed model, a case study related to injection molding optimization is also covered in this paper.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00289.x
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00292.x
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diary (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Expert systems 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.2005.00293.x
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Case Based Diagnosis and Repair of Software Faults (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Software debugging (the diagnosis and repair of faults in software) can be a difficult and time consuming problem. In many cases a problem which can take an inexperienced developer a long time to correct can be quickly identified and corrected by a more experienced one. This is often because they have seen that problem (or a similar one) before. In this paper we present a system (called WATSON) which automatically constructs an explanation of the fault and a repair strategy from a library of partial repair models. This system exploits Case Based Reasoning (CBR) technology to perform this construction. The paper introduces the concepts behind CBR before going on to describe the components of the WATSON system. It then illustrates, by example, how WATSON constructs a diagnosis and repair model from the case databases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00037
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    News (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00040
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diary (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0394.00041
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Editorial (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Expert systems 14 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-0394
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0394.1997.00035.x
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    INCREMENTAL LEARNING OF PROCEDURAL PLANNING KNOWLEDGE IN CHALLENGING ENVIRONMENTS (2005)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
    Computational intelligence 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Autonomous agents that learn about their environment can be divided into two broad classes. One class of existing learners, reinforcement learners, typically employ weak learning methods to directly modify an agent's execution knowledge. These systems are robust in dynamic and complex environments but generally do not support planning or the pursuit of multiple goals. In contrast, symbolic theory revision systems learn declarative planning knowledge that allows them to pursue multiple goals in large state spaces, but these approaches are generally only applicable to fully sensed, deterministic environments with no exogenous events. This research investigates the hypothesis that by limiting an agent to procedural access to symbolic planning knowledge, the agent can combine the powerful, knowledge-intensive learning performance of the theory revision systems with the robust performance in complex environments of the reinforcement learners. The system, IMPROV, uses an expressive knowledge representation so that it can learn complex actions that produce conditional or sequential effects over time. By developing learning methods that only require limited procedural access to the agent's knowledge, IMPROV's learning remains tractable as the agent's knowledge is scaled to large problems. IMPROV learns to correct operator precondition and effect knowledge in complex environments that include such properties as noise, multiple agents and time-critical tasks, and demonstrates a general learning method that can be easily strengthened through the addition of many different kinds of knowledge.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.2005.00280.x
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A CONSTRAINED ARCHITECTURE FOR LEARNING AND PROBLEM SOLVING (2005)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
    Computational intelligence 21 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: This paper describes Eureka, a problem-solving architecture that operates under strong constraints on its memory and processes. Most significantly, Eureka does not assume free access to its entire long-term memory. That is, failures in problem solving may arise not only from missing knowledge, but from the (possibly temporary) inability to retrieve appropriate existing knowledge from memory. Additionally, the architecture does not include systematic backtracking to recover from fruitless search paths. These constraints significantly impact Eureka's design. Humans are also subject to such constraints, but are able to overcome them to solve problems effectively. In Eureka's design, we have attempted to minimize the number of additional architectural commitments, while staying faithful to the memory constraints. Even under such minimal commitments, Eureka provides a qualitative account of the primary types of learning reported in the literature on human problem solving. Further commitments to the architecture would refine the details in the model, but the approach we have taken de-emphasizes highly detailed modeling to get at general root causes of the observed regularities. Making minimal additional commitments to Eureka's design strengthens the case that many regularities in human learning and problem solving are entailments of the need to handle imperfect memory.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.2005.00283.x
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  • 96
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Decomposing and Solving Timetabling Constraint Networks (1997)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishers Inc
    Computational intelligence 13 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The binary version of the school timetabling (STT) problem is a real-world example of a constraint network that includes only constraints of inequality. A new and useful representation for this real-world problem, the STT_Grid, leads to a generic decomposition technique. The paper presents proofs of necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a solution to decomposed STT_Grids. The decomposition procedure is of low enough complexity to be practical for large problems, such as a real-world high school.To test the decomposition approach, a typical high school was analyzed and used as a model for generating STT_Grids of various sizes. Experiments were conducted to test the difficulty of large STT networks and their solution by decomposition. The experimental results show that the decomposition procedure enables the solution of large STT_Grids (620 variables for a real school) in reasonable time. The constraint network of a typical STT_Grid is sparse and belongs to the class of easy problems. Still, due to the sizes of STTs, good constraint satisfaction problem search techniques (i.e., BackJumping and ForwardChecking) do not terminate in reasonable times for STT_Grids that are larger than 300 variables.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0824-7935.00049
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Regularity-based Perceptual Grouping (1997)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishers Inc
    Computational intelligence 13 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: This paper investigates perceptual grouping from a logical point of view, defining a grouping interpretation as a particular kind of logical expression, and then developing an explicit inference theory in terms of such expressions. First, a regularity-based interpretation language is presented, in which an observed configuration is characterized in terms of the regularities(special configurational classes, e.g. nonaccidental properties) it obeys. The most preferred interpretation in such a system is shown to be the most-regular (maximum “codimension”) model the observed configuration obeys, which is also the unique model in which it is generic(typical). Inference then reduces to a straiightforward exercise in LogicProgramming. Because generic model assignment involves negation, this reduction requires that a version of the Closed World Assumption (CWA) be adopted.Next, this entire regularity-based machinery is generalized to the grouping problem: here an interpretation is a hierarchical recursive) version of a model called a parse tree.For a given number of dots and a fixed choice of regularity set, it is possible to explicitly enumerate the complete set of possible grouping interpretations, partially ordered by their degree of regularity (codimension). The most preferred interpretation is the one with maximum codimension (i.e., the most regular interpretation), which we call the qualitative parse. An efficient procedure (worst case $O(n^2)$) for finding the qualitative parse is presented. The qualitative parse has a unique epistemic status: given a choice of regularity set, it is the only grouping interpretation that both (a) is maximally regular, and (b) satisfies the CWA. This unique status, it is argued, accounts for the perceptually compelling quality of the qualitative parse.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0824-7935.00052
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Default Reasoning and Generics (1997)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishers Inc
    Computational intelligence 13 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: There are numerous logical formalisms capable of drawing conclusions using default rules. Such systems, however, do not normally determine where the default rules come from; i.e., what it is that makes Birds flya good rule, but Birds drive trucksa bad one.Generic sentences such as Birds fly are often used informally to describe default rules. I propose to take this characterization seriously, and claim that a default rule is adequate if the corresponding generic sentence is true. Thus, if we know that Tweety is a bird, we may conclude by default that Tweety flies, just in case Birds fly is a true sentence.In this paper, a quantificational account of the semantics of generic sentences is presented. It is argued that a generic sentence is evaluated not in isolation, but with respect to a set of relevant alternatives. For example, Mammals bear live young is true because among mammals that bear live young, lay eggs, undergo mitosis, or engage in some alternative form of procreation, the majority bear live young. Since male mammals do not procreate in any form, they do not count. Some properties of alternatives are presented, and their interactions with the phenomena of focus and presupposition is investigated.It is shown how this account of generics can be used to characterize adequate default reasoning systems, and several desirable properties of such systems are proved. The problems of the automatic acquisition of rules from natural language are discussed. Because rules are often explicitly expressed as generics, it is argued that the interpretation of generic sentences plays a crucial role in this endeavor, and it is shown how the theory presented here can facilitate such interpretation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0824-7935.00050
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Conversational Actions and Discourse Situations (1997)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishers Inc
    Computational intelligence 13 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: We use the idea that actions performed in a conversation become part of the common ground as the basis for a model of context that reconciles in a general and systematic fashion the differences between the theories of discourse context used for reference resolution, intention recognition, and dialogue management. We start from the treatment of anaphoric accessibility developed in discourse representation theory (DRT), and we show first how to obtain a discourse model that, while preserving DRT's basic ideas about referential accessibility, includes information about the occurrence of speech acts and their relations. Next, we show how the different kinds of ‘structure’ that play a role in conversation—discourse segmentation, turn-taking, and grounding—can be formulated in terms of information about speech acts, and use this same information as the basis for a model of the interpretation of fragmentary input.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0824-7935.00042
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An Informal Semantic Analysis of Motion Verbs Based on Physical Primitives (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Inc.
    Computational intelligence 13 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: A representation scheme for verbs and prepositions specifying path and locative information is developed. The representation emphasizes the implementability of the underlying semantic primitives. The primitives pertain to mechanical characteristics such as geometric relationships among objects, force or motion characteristics implied by verbs, and their prepositional modifiers. This representation has been used to animate the performance of tasks underlying natural language imperatives.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0824-7935.00034
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