Publication Date:
2020-11-30
Description:
Mt. Vesuvius (southern Italy) is one of the volcanoes that poses
the greatest risk in the world because of its highly explosive
eruptive style and its proximity to densely populated areas. The
urbanization around Mt. Vesuvius began in ancient times, and
the impact of eruptions on human activities has been severe.
This is testified to by the ruins of Pompeii, which are covered
by the products of the plinian eruption that took place in A.D.
79 (Sigurdsson et al. 1985), and more recently by the published
reports of the eruptions that occurred from 1631 to 1944. For
these reasons, Mt. Vesuvius was also one of the first volcanoes
to be equipped with monitoring instruments.
Pioneering instrumental observations began just before
the second half of the 1800s, when the Vesuvius Observatory
was founded in 1841 (Imbò 1949). At that time, Vesuvius was
very active (Ricciardi 2009), and its effusive and explosive eruptions
often caused damage to the surrounding areas. At the
same time, it was a famous tourist attraction that drew travelers
from all over the world (Gasparini and Musella 1991). Since
the middle of the 1800s, at least 12 eruptions have occurred
that have been superimposed on persistent intra-crater activity
that has been characterized by Strombolian explosions and by
the formation of small lava lakes. The last eruption occurred
on 18 March 1944 and marked a change in the status of Mt.
Vesuvius, as it entered a closed-conduit phase that persists
today. Following this last eruption, a change occurred in the
1960s, as documented by an increase in the occurrence rate of
earthquakes. Since 1972, the monitoring of Mt. Vesuvius has
improved over time and become more systematic, so that there
is a remarkable dataset relating to the current phase of quiescence.
Over more than a century and a half of observations, many
monitoring instruments have been used for Mt. Vesuvius,
including early seismometers, several of which are now kept in
the Museum of Volcanology of the Vesuvius Observatory. The
present monitoring system is based on seismological, geodetical geodetical,
and geochemical observations performed using an instrumental
network that was designed on the basis of the current
state of the volcano while also taking into account the likely
scenario of future unrest.
Description:
Published
Description:
625-634
Description:
1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
Description:
JCR Journal
Description:
reserved
Keywords:
Seismological Monitoring
;
Mount Vesuvius
;
04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
;
04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring
Repository Name:
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
Type:
article
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