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  • Artikel  (4)
  • Mt. Etna  (4)
  • 05.01. Computational geophysics
  • Open Access
  • ELSEVIER  (2)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • MDPI Publishing
  • Springer Nature
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  • 1
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    TRACE ELEMENTS IN HIGH INCIDENCE AREAS OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: A ROLE OF VOLCANOGENIC ASHES? (2023)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-02-07
    Beschreibung: Objective: To study the blood levels of selected trace elements (TE) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients living in high-incidence cluster areas in the Etna volcano region. Methods: MS patients living in the province of Catania have been retrospectively enrolled among those followed by the Neurologic Clinic of the AOU Policlinico “G. Rodolico-San Marco” who had the disease onset between 2005 and 2020.Aserumsample was used for the determination of TE levels (As,Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Se, Zn). All the analyses have been conducted with an ICPMS with the standard addition technique, previous digestion of the samples with nitric acid. MS patients living the high incidence clusters were frequency matched with MS patients living outside the clusters. Comparisons of TE across the groups were conducted using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: A total of 86 (48 women; 55.8%) MS patients was recruited, with a mean age of 41.6±13.1 years, a mean disease duration of 2.0±2.6 years and a mean Expanded Disability Status Scale of 2.3±1.7. Of these patients, 40 belonged to high incidence clusters and 46 were outside the clusters. No differences were found in demographic characteristics between the groups. Concerning TE, we found a significant higher concentration of Mn in incluster patients (6.7±16.6 μg/L vs 2.5±5.9 μg/L). Discussion: Several environmental factors may modulate the pathogenesis of the disease, and among them TE play an important role. Our findings suggest that Manganese, which has several toxic effects, might contribute to the higher incidence of MS previously observed in a cluster of communalities in the south-eastern flank of the Etna volcano, where volcanic ashes rich in TE usually fall due to the prevailing winds. Conclusions: Exposition to high levels of Mn could be a cofactor in the pathogenesis of MS.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: Milano
    Beschreibung: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Schlagwort(e): Multiple Sclerosis ; Mt. Etna ; 05. General
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: Conference paper
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Energy threshold changes in volcanic activity at Mt. Etna (Italy) inferred from volcanic tremor (2022)
    Springer Nature
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-10-28
    Beschreibung: From the 2010s on, pattern classification has proven an effective method for flagging alerts of volcano unrest before eruptive activity at Mt. Etna, Italy. The analysis has been applied online to volcanic tremor data, and has supported the surveillance activity of the volcano that provides timely information to Civil Protection and other authorities. However, after declaring an alert, no one knows how long the volcano unrest will last and if a climactic eruptive activity will actually begin. These are critical aspects when considering the effects of a prolonged state of alert. An example of longstanding unrest is related to the Christmas Eve eruption in 2018, which was heralded by several months of almost continuous Strombolian activity. Here, we discuss the usage of thresholds to detect conditions leading to paroxysmal activity, and the challenges associated with defining such thresholds, leveraging a dataset of 52 episodes of lava fountains occurring in 2021. We were able to identify conservative settings regarding the thresholds, allowing for an early warning of impending paroxysm in almost all cases (circa 85% for the first 4 months in 2021, and over 90% for the whole year). The chosen thresholds also proved useful to predict that a paroxysmal activity was about to end. Such information provides reliable numbers for volcanologists for their assessments, based on visual information, which may not be available in bad weather or cloudy conditions.
    Beschreibung: Project IMPACT (A multidisciplinary Insight on the kinematics and dynamics of Magmatic Processes at Mt. Etna Aimed at identifying preCursor phenomena and developing early warning sysTems). IMPACT belongs to the Progetti Dipartimentali INGV [DIP7], https://progetti.ingv.it/index.php/it/progetti-dipartimentali/vulcani/impact#informazioni-sul-progetto.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 17895
    Beschreibung: 4V. Processi pre-eruttivi
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Schlagwort(e): Volcanic tremor ; Volcano monitoring ; Pattern recognition ; Self Organizing maps ; Fuzzy clustering ; Mt. Etna ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 05.01. Computational geophysics
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    ARTIKEL (OA)
  • 3
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    Spectral properties of volcanic materials from hyperspectral field and satellite data compared with LiDAR data at Mt. Etna (2009)
    ELSEVIER
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: Spectral properties of volcanic materials in the optical region (350–2500 nm) of the electromagnetic spectrum are analyzed. The goal is to characterize air-fall deposits, recent lava flows, and old lava flows based on their spectral reflectance properties and on the textural characteristics (grain size) of pyroclastic deposits at an active basaltic volcano. Data were acquired during a spectroradiometric field survey at Mt. Etna (Italy) in summer 2003 and combined with hyperspectral satellite (Hyperion) and airborne LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) data. In addition, air-fall deposits produced by the highly explosive 2002–2003 eruption have been sampled and spectrally characterized at different distances from the new vents. The spectral analysis shows that air-fall deposits are characterized by low reflectance values besides variations in grain size. This distinguishes them from other surface materials. Old lava flows show highest reflectance values due to weathering and vegetation cover. The spectral data set derived from the field survey has been compared to corrected satellite hyperspectral data in order to investigate the Hyperion capabilities to differentiate the surface cover using the reflectance properties. This has allowed us to identify the 2002–2003 air-fall deposits in a thematic image just few months after their emplacement. Moreover, the observed differences in the field spectra of volcanic surfaces have been compared with differences in the signal intensity detected by airborne LiDAR survey showing the possibility to include information on the texture of volcanic surfaces at Mt. Etna. The approach presented here may be particularly useful for remote and inaccessible volcanic areas and also represents a potentially powerful tool for the exploration of extraterrestrial volcanic surfaces.
    Beschreibung: Italian National Group of Volcanology
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 142-155
    Beschreibung: 1.10. TTC - Telerilevamento
    Beschreibung: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Mt. Etna ; Lava ; Reflectance spectra ; Hyperion ; LiDAR ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.05. Downhole, radioactivity, remote sensing, and other methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.07. Instruments and techniques ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    ARTIKEL (OA)
  • 4
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    Volcanic tremor at Mt. Etna: Inferences on magma dynamics during effusive and explosive activity (2008)
    ELSEVIER
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2017-04-04
    Beschreibung: During 1999, the volcanic activity at Mt. Etna was both explosive and effusive at the summit craters: Strombolian activity, lava fountains and lava flows affected different areas of the volcano, involving three of the four summit craters. Results from analysis of the 1999 volcanic tremor features are shown at two different time scales. First, the long-term time variation of the features of the volcanic tremor (including spectral and polarization parameters), during the entire year, was compared with the evolution of the eruptive activity. This approach demonstrated the good agreement between tremor data and observed eruptive activity; the activation of different tremor sources was suggested. Then, a more refined analysis of the volcanic tremor, recorded during 14 lava fountain eruptions, was performed. In particular, a shift of the dominant frequencies towards lower values was noted which corresponds with increasing explosive activity. Similar behaviour in the frequency content has already been observed in other explosive eruptions at Mt. Etna as well as on other volcanoes. This behaviour has been explained in terms of either an increase in the tremor source dimension or a decrease in the sound speed in the magma within the conduit. These results confirm that the volcanic tremor is a powerful tool for better understanding the physical processes controlling explosive eruptions at Mt. Etna volcano.
    Beschreibung: Published
    Beschreibung: 19-31
    Beschreibung: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Beschreibung: JCR Journal
    Beschreibung: reserved
    Schlagwort(e): Mt. Etna ; volcanic tremor ; spectral and polarization analysis ; effusive and explosive activity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
    Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Materialart: article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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