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  • Chromatographie, Dünnschicht  (90)
  • 42.55  (64)
  • Springer  (154)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • American Meteorological Society (AMS)
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 1975-1979  (154)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (154)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • American Meteorological Society (AMS)
  • Nature Publishing Group
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Models of DNA-dye-complexes: Energy transfer and molecular structures as evaluated by laser excitation (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 333-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 87 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Energy transfer in DNA-dye-complexes after excitation in the UV down to 220 nm by means of a tunable laser was investigated. DNA of different base composition and polynucleotides were compared. The dyes proflavine, acridine orange and ethidium bromide were used. The energy transfer from DNA-bases to dye molecules was measured in dependence of the excitation wavelength and the base composition of the DNA. Models of the energy transfer from DNA to dye and of the molecular structures of the DNA-dye-complex (intercalation) could be deduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899685
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free-electron lasers and masers on curved paths (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 47-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The possibility of building free-electron lasers and masers with quasi-circular undulators is considered. The two-mirror cavity is replaced by a suitable waveguide. The magnetic field along the orbit has a continuous component superimposed on the alternating one. Besides allowing large freedom for electron guiding and focusing, the structure allows effective negative mass conditions, which may enhance the electron beam modulation when space charge effect are important. Furthermore the radiation frequency can be higher than that in a linear undulator with the same electron energy, and long interaction times are possible in a compact structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900537
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser properties of praseodymium pentaphosphate single crystals (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 345-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.55 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract PrP5O14, PrxLa1−xP5O14, and PrxY1−xP5O14 (0≦x≦1) single crystals of laser quality were synthesized and their crystallographic and optical parameters measured. Laser emissions in the visible (λ=637.4 nm) with no mirrors in place (superradiance) and also in various optical resonators have been observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900479
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polarization spectroscopy with ultrashort light pulses (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 257-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 32 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have demonstrated the feasibility of Doppler-free polarization spectroscopy with a train of ultrashort pulses from a synchronously pumped mode-locked dye laser. The sensitivity of the method is compared with saturation spectroscopy with a single-mode laser.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00885511
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The external-resonator cw spin-flip Raman laser; output characteristics and spectroscopic applications (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 205-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The characteristics of a stable, external-resonator spin-flip Raman laser (SFRL), pumped by a cw carbon monoxide laser of controlled mode quality and spectral content, are determined using a combination of molecular spectroscopy, Raman amplifier and confocal Fabry-Perot interferometer measurements, and heterodyne detection. Single-frequency output of a free-running external-resonator is demonstrated with an inherent linewidth of 〈10 kHz and a short-term frequency jitter of ≃100 kHz. With the resonator length actively controlled to lock an axial mode frequency to the peak of the spontaneous gain, the linewidth of the SFRL output was maintained below 2 MHz. In this mode of operation, small variations in the output tuning rate, corresponding to the magnetic field dependence of the conduction-electrong-factor, were calibrated. Molecular absorption spectra obtained using gas cells both inside and outside the resonator have been used to illustrate the high resolution, wide-range tuning capability and sensitivity of the system. Lambda-doubling of the $$^2 \pi _{3/2} $$ of the Q-branch head of nitric oxide was measured for values ofJ down to 13/2, below which the splitting is less than the Doppler width. The splittings agreed with predictions using parameters obtained by conventional spectra for higherJ-values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00932399
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New FIR laser lines from optically pumped methanol analogues (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 241-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Several new laser lines using optically pumped deuterated methanol molecules have been discovered. These not only increase the spectral coverage of pumped methanol isotopes but may assist in the assignment of a molecular structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00932405
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficient single-mode operation of a standing-wave dye laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 399-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The selection of a single longitudinal mode of a dye laser can be achieved with double or triple Michelson reflectors instead of Fabry-Perot etalons inside the laser cavity. These systems can be adapted to commercial multimode dye lasers. They provide a high efficiency and a good geometrical quality of the output beam. With a 7 watt pump power (λ=514.5 nm line of the Ar+ laser), a tunable output power of 1 watt was obtained at the peak of R6G, in the main output beam; the total single-mode power, including the auxiliary output beams, exceeded 1.4 watt. These results correspond to efficiencies of 14% and 20%, respectively (24% and 30% slope efficiencies). We discuss in the text why these efficiencies are comparable to those of ring lasers. In the infrared, with a 4.5 watt pump power (red lines of a Kr+ laser), 250 mW of single-mode output power in the main output beam was obtained at 780 nm with Oxazine 750.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00930103
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectral coincidences between CO-Laser and nitric-oxide. A reinvestigation (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 427-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 33 ; 35 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Spectral coincidences between CO-laser lines and NO fundamental absorption lines were reinvestigated in order to resolve discrepancies between recently published papers. The absorption of CO laser radiation by NO and NO/Ar mixtures was measured and fitted by calculations using a Voigt profile for the NO line shapes. A new coincidence with a frequency offset of less than the NO Doppler width was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00930107
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extended spectral distribution of lasing transitions in a liquid-nitrogen cooled CO-laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 439-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 07 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A liquid-nitrogen cooled12C16O laser was operated both Q-switched and cw. A total of 276 lasing transitions were observed in cw using an intracavity grating for line selection. In the Q-switch mode, 230 lines occurred without dispersive element in the cavity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00930109
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A broadly tunable IR waveguide Raman laser pumped by a dye laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 235-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.65C ; 42.55 ; 33.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Design and performance characteristics of a tunable ir waveguide Raman laser pumped by a high power dye laser are described. Using SRS up to third Stokes order in compressed H2, the wavelength range from 0.7 to 7 μm has been covered without gaps. Taking advantage of a waveguide structure in the scattering chamber, energy conversion efficiencies better than 1% with power levels in excess of 80 kW for the third Stokes component have been achieved. The experimental results support the theoretical predictions that a 4-wave parametric process is responsible for the production of the third Stokes component.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00885508
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A free-electron laser in a uniform magnetic field (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 41-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 41 ; 42.55 ; 95
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The interaction of free electrons and free electromagnetic radiation, in the presence of a uniform magnetic field, can result in stimulated emission or absorption. We analyze the dynamics of single electrons by solving the classical, relativistic Lorentz force equations of motion in these combined fields. An electron may gain energy from, or lose energy to, the radiation field, depending crucially on the phase and oscillation frequency of the electron's helical motion within the superposed, circularly polarized light wave. To first order in the radiation field strength, electrons in a monoenergetic, uniformly distributed beam become spatially bunched, but there is no net energy change. To second order, however, the beam may experience a gain or loss of energy, corresponding to attenuation or amplification of radiation. We compare the bunching of this laser process to the bunching processes involved in 1) the Stanford free-electron laser and 2) the cyclotron maser, and find significant differences in each case. Our analytic results provide a clear, simple picture of the interaction process, and can be useful in exploring light amplification in astrophysical magnetic fields, the magnetosphere, or in laboratory devices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00901785
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A laser accelerator (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 61-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We show that a laser can efficiently accelerate charged particles if a magnetic field is introduced to improve the coupling between the particle and the wave. Solving the relativistic equations of motion for an electron in a uniform magnetic field and superposed, circularly polarized electromagnetic wave, we find that in energy-position phase space an electron traces out a curtate cycloid: it alternately gains and loses energy. If, however, the parameters are chosen so that the electron's oscillations in the two fields are resonant, it will continually accelerate or decelerate depending on its initial position within a wavelength of light. A laboratory accelerator operating under these resonant conditions appears attractive: in a magnetic field of 105 Gauss, and the fields of a 5×1012 W, 10 μm wavelength laser, an optimally positioned electron would accelerate to 700 MeV in only 10m.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00901788
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A double-wavelength nitrogen-laser-pumped dye laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 97-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A narrow-band tunable double-wavelength dye laser with a bandwidth of 0.1 cm−1 is described. The output at one of the wavelengths is found to be completely linearly polarized in the plane of incidence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00901793
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrapulse thermally induced wavelength shift in a distributed feedback dye laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 39-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is shown that when a distributed feedback dye laser is used to generate a train of picosecond pulses, the narrow lines observed in the spectrum are not longitudinal modes, but are due to the intrapulse refractive index changes caused by the heating effect of the pumping pulse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900535
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser-fluctuation measurements in a bath of strong Gaussian noise (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 415-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Remarkable intensity fluctuations were observed in the LiNdP4O12 (LNP) laser by placing a moving ground-glass plate across the ouput beam. Resonance-like behaviors were also observed by tuning the moving velocity of the ground-glass plate, with respect to relaxation oscillations. Classical rate equations including the modulation term were given to explain the observed phenomena. Similar intensity fluctuations corresponding to relaxation oscillations were observed when the LNP laser light beam was coupled to an optical fiber.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00899696
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficient dye lasers pumped by a XeCl excimer laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 35-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Results of an investigation of 19 organic dyes pumped by a 1.7 MW discharge-pumped XeCl excimer laser are reported. The dye-laser emission covered a wide wavelength range from 340 nm to 710 nm.P-terphenyl shows efficient laser action. The highest energy conversion efficiency exceeds 40% in visible region. In comparison with 250 kW nitrogen laser pumping, higher efficiencies are obtained for most of these dyes in the same dye-laser configuration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900534
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the interaction of stimulated spin-flip raman scattering and stimulated recombination radiation in InSb (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 185-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have studied the interaction of stimulated spin-flip Raman scattering and stimulated recombination radiation in n-InSb using a CW CO pump laser. A change in linewidth and output power of second Stokes spin-flip radiation is observed when the tuning curve of the first Stokes stimulated spin-flip radiation and the stimulated recombination radiation cross. The observations are explained using a simple rate equation model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00932395
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NdP5O14 and NdAl3(BO3)4 lasers at 1.3 μm (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 77-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 78.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report, for the first time, on room temperature cw laser action of NdP5O14 and NdAl3(BO3)4 at 1.3 μm wavelength. The emission cross sections of the transition4 F 3/2→4 I 13/2 are 0.24·10−19 cm2 and 1.74·10−19 cm2, respectively. The lowest observed threshold was 45 mW and the slope efficiency was nearly 10%. The minimum threshold is expected to be about 5 mW of absorbed pump light for both materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00935906
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collisional effects upon optical coherences: Experimental study in a xenon three-level system (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 83-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 32 ; 34 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Laser induced nonlinear absorption profiles in a three-level system have been recorded to study the effect of elastic collisions upon optical coherences. In our particular system, the signal is due to a pure double-quantum term, where we have separated the effect of phase-interrupting collisions from the effect of velocity-changing collisions. Experimental results show that the effect of velocity-changing collisions is very small, and that broadening of the signal is due to phase-interrupting collisions mainly. We are able to determine the increase of the decay rate of the coherent superposition (the “coherence”) of two levels of same parity [Dγ 13/dp=(6.5±1) MHz/Torr] and an upper limit for the mean velocity change (ũ≲5m/s).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00901791
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dye lasers and intermolecular and intramolecular energy transfer processes (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 165-170 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Computer calculations of ETDL performance indicate that dye laser output can be manipulated by an appropriate choice of a donor (absorber)-acceptor (dye) couple. Studies of relevant laser induced inter- and intramolecular energy transfer processes are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00932391
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small-scale instability of a pulse front traversing a resonant saturable absorber (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 221-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Wave front of a light pulse is shown to be unstable as it propagates through a resonant saturable absorber, if its frequency is higher than the resonance frequency of the absorber. When ΔωT 2∼1, a small-scale transverse instability with the dimension of (λl abs)1/2 grows rapidly. Its growth-rate is of the order of the small-signal-absorption length of the medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00932401
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple transition-locked and polarization-forced multi-line oscillator for high-power CO2-laser systems (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 257-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Employing injection-locking techniques an oscillator configuration was found comprising in a simple way all the features required for fusion directed high-power CO2 laser systems. The oscillator provides emission in single axial modes on rotational transitions which can be freely selected by feeding fluencies of a few mW/cm2 at the particular transition into the oscillator cavity. In the same way simultaneous emission on selectable lines can be achieved. By the same principle the oscillator can be forced to emit in any orientation of polarization. The set up is relatively simple, the alignment rather uncritical, and the operation reliable. Gaussian-shaped nanosecond pulses with low forepulse power are produced with the help of a pulse cutter and saturable multiline absorber. The set up is described and its features are demonstrated by measurements.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900468
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cw oscillation at 1.05 and 1.32 μm of LiNd(PO3)4 lasers in external resonator and in resonator with directly applied mirrors (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 329-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The room temperature cw oscillation at 1.05 and 1.32 μm of lithium neodymium tetraphosphate [LiNd(PO3)4, LNP] lasers in an external resonator and, for the first time, also in a Fabry-Perot resonator with directly applied mirrors is reported. The growth and fluorescence properties of the LNP crystals are briefly described. Laser parameters such as threshold pump power, output power, differential efficiency, optical gain, emission cross section and laser modes are both measured and calculated. Laser experiments show the threshold pump power to be lower for 1.05 μm than for 1.32 μm emission because of the smaller emission cross section; the pump power density is lower for the external resonator than for the Fabry-Perot resonator because of its higher mode losses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00895005
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tunable simultaneous double-wavelength operation of a cw CO2 laser (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 243-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Stable step-tunable simultaneous double-wavelength emission from any branch combination of the 9.6 and 10.6 μm bands of a cw CO2 laser is reported in which the relative strengths of the two signals may be controlled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00932406
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
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    Tunable coherent radiation source covering a spectral range from 185 to 880 nm (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 177-181 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65 ; 33
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have studied experimentally stimulated Raman scattering and 4-wave-interaction processes occuring in hydrogen gas, which is excited by a Nd:YAG-pumped dye laser. The tuning ranges of the various Stokes and anti-Stokes lines, which are generated with high efficiency, cover the spectrum from 185 to 880 nm without a gap.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00934413
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  • 26
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    Influence of collisional coupling on the energy extraction from theB, C, andD state in KrF (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 129-134 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 33 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Collisional coupling between theB, C, andD states of KrF is measured in a discharge pumped KrF laser. Detection of the time resolved populations in the three states via measurement of the side fluorescence in theB→X, C→A, andD→X bands is used to record the collisional relaxation from theC andD state to theB state during laser emission. The experimentally determined limits for the collisional coupling times are τB-C≦1 ns and τB-D,τC-D〈20 ns at total pressures of 2 bar. Investigation of theB→X fluorescence band shows that the vibrational manifold of theB state is not thermalized during laser emission. TheV-V,T coupling time is estimated to be τV-V,T=4±2 ns. The influence of collisional coupling on energy extraction in the KrF laser is discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00885933
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    Influence of the inversion depletion in the active medium on the evolution of ultrashort pulses in passively mode-locked solid-state lasers (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 237-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An analytical treatment of the ultrashort-pulse generation in a solid-state laser is given taking into account gain saturation. The probability for the breakdown of the picosecond-pulse evolution caused by the amplification depletion is calculated. The influence of the active medium saturation on the satellite-pulse probability is investigated. Both probabilities characterize the mode-locking behaviour of the laser system and are calculated for various laser parameters to find an optimum laser regime.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886024
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    Coherent γ-emission by stimulated annihilation of electron-positron pairs (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 127-130 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The possibility of using stimulated emission from the recombination of electron-positron pairs for obtaining coherent γ-rays is considered. The critical number of pairs needed for the process is calculated.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900548
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  • 29
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    CW HCN laser gain in a hollow dielectric rectangular cross-section discharge tube (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 19 (1979), S. 359-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes a 1 m-long CW HCN discharge laser with a hollow dielectric rectangular discharge tube of 5×20 cm2 cross-section. For optimum working conditions, the characteristics of the amplifying medium have been made constant over the cross-section, by using an additional magnetic field. Then, the unsaturated gain for the 337 μm line is 6.8% m−1. It is shown to be dependent on the smaller dimension of the cross-section rather than on the other dimension. By using the tube as a waveguide, laser output power of 1 Watt might be obtained with a discharge length of 4 m, instead of the 12m-long discharge required to get the same output power from a cylindrical waveguide laser.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00900481
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    Selective laser excitation of bases in nucleic acids (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 257-259 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 87 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Selective electronic excitation of single kinds of DNA bases were performed with dye lasers. Different DNA-dye-complexes were used and the selective excitation could be proved by the varying strength of the interaction between the bases and the dye molecules.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886028
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    Powerful laser systems with phase conjugation by SMBS mirror (1979)
    Springer
    Applied physics 20 (1979), S. 261-264 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The method of Stimulated Mandelshtam-Brillouin Scattering (SMBS) is utilized in a powerful laser to obtain better transverse beam quality by phase conjugation. The principle is explained, and the conclusions are substantiated by experimental results.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886029
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  • 32
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    Identification and detection of carbamate pesticides in autopsy tissues using thin-layer chromatography (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 287-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Carbamatpesticiden in biolog. Material ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481656
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    Information content and equivocation of TLC identification procedures (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 361-365 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Informationsgehalt und »Äquivokation«
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A method has been developed for the calculation of information contents of one-channel identification procedures, which is especially applicable in the area of thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The method can be considered as a refinement of the one proposed by Massart and can easily be extended to the combination of one-channel procedures. In addition, the quantity ‘equivocation’, which is complementary to the information content, is introduced. As an example the best TLC-systems and the best combinations of two TLC-systems for the identification of DDT and twelve related compounds are selected by using information contents or equivocations. The results for the individual systems are compared with those obtained by Massart.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine Methode zur Berechnung von Informationsgehalten von Einkanal-Identifizierungsverfahren wurde entwickelt, die besonders gut für das Gebiet der Dünnschicht-Chromatographie (DC) anwendbar ist. Sie kann als eine Verfeinerung der von Massart vorgeschlagenen Methode angesehen werden und kann auf einfache Weise für Kombinationen von Einkanal-Verfahren erweitert werden. Dabei wird der Begriff »Äquivokation«, komplementär zum Informationsgehalt, eingeführt. Als Beispiel wurden die besten DC-Systeme und Kombinationen von zwei DC-Systemen für die Identifizierung von DDT und zwölf verwandten Verbindungen unter Benutzung von Informationsgehalten oder »Äquivokationen« ausgewählt. Die Ergebnisse für die einzelnen Systeme werden mit den nach Massart gefundenen verglichen.
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    TLC separation of potential antithyroid agents: N-aryl-N′-benzenesulphonylthiocarbamides (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 407-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Arylbenzolsulfonylthiocarbamiden ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00468534
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    Universelle, halogenfreie DC-Fließmittel für Arzneisubstanzen (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 295 (1979), S. 398-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von pharmazeut. Produkten ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; halogenfreie Fließmittelsysteme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit 2 sauren, 2 basischen und einem neutralen Fließmittel mit unterschiedlichen Polaritäten und guten Trennleistungen konnten 151 von 157 geprüften Arzneisubstanzen mit hRf-Werten zwischen 10 und 90 chromatographiert werden.
    Notes: Summary Using two acidic, two alkaline and a neutral mobile phase of different polarities and high separation efficiencies 151 of 157 tested drug substances could be chromatographed with hRf-values between 10 and 90.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00539712
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    Zur Veränderung der Fluorescenzintensität polycyclischer Aromaten auf Dünnschichtplatten (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 295 (1979), S. 24-29 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Polycyclen in Wasser ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Änderung der Fluorescenzintensität
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach der Verordnung über Trinkwasser und Brauchwasser für Lebensmittelbetriebe (Trinkwasserverordnung) vom 31. Januar 1975 müssen 6 Einzelverbindungen aus der Gruppe der polycyclischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffe nachgewiesen werden. Das empfohlene Analysenverfahren basiert auf der Messung der Fluorescenz nach vorangegangener chromatographischer Trennung auf Adsorberschichten. Sowohl bei dieser Trennung als auch in der anschließenden Zeit verändert sich die Fluorescenzintensität einzelner Verbindungen z.T. beträchtlich. Systematische Untersuchungen an Kieselgel und an Mischschichten aus Aluminiumoxid und Acetylcellulose sollen die kritischen Punkte und die möglichen Fehlerquoten offen legen.
    Notes: Summary According to the regulation on the use of drinking and industrial water in food industry (Drinking Water Regulation) of 31 January, 1975, six individual compounds of the group of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons must be traced. The analytical procedure recommended is based on the measurement of fluorescence after preceding Chromatographic separation on adsorber layers. In the course of this separation and during the time that follows, the fluorescence intensity of various compounds changes, in some cases considerably. Systematic studies with silica gel and mixed layers of aluminium oxide and acetyl cellulose are intended to reveal critical points and possible ranges of error.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00490944
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    Zur Chromatographie von Metallchelaten (1979)
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 297 (1979), S. 138-143 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn, der Metallchelate von 8-Mercaptochinolin ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 8-Mercaptochinolin (Thiooxin) eignet sich zum Nachweis und zur Trennung von Metallen mit Hilfe der Dünnschicht-Chromatographie. Es bildet Neutralkomplexe definierter Zusammensetzung, die in wäßriger Phase schwerlöslich sind und in Chloroform extrahiert werden können. Fällung und Extraktion sind vom pH-Wert abhängig, wodurch eine Vortrennung der Metalle möglich ist. Beschrieben wird das dünnschicht-chromatographische Verhalten von 17 Metallchelaten. Die intensive Eigenfärbung der Komplexe erübrigt den Gebrauch von Anfärbereagentien. Die visuelle Nachweisgrenze der Metalle liegt zwischen 5 und 20 ng (Fluorescenzlöschung bei 254 nm). Spektralphotometrische Auswertung der Chromatogramme läßt eine Erniedrigung der Nachweisgrenze um etwa eine Zehnerpotenz erwarten.
    Notes: Summary 8-Mercaptoquinoline (thiooxine) is qualified for the detection and separation of metals by thin-layer chromatography. It forms neutral complexes in definite composition, which are insoluble in aqueous solution, but readily soluble in CHCl3. Precipitation and extraction are dependent on the pH value, whereby pre-separation of metals is possible. The thin-layer chromatographic behaviour of 17 metal chelates is described. No spraying is necessary for detection, since the complexes show different, characteristic colours. The visual detection limits of the metals are between 5 and 20 ng (fluorescence quenching at 254 nm). Spectrophotometric determination of the chromatograms lowers the detection limit by one power of ten.
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    Zur Chromatographie von Metallchelaten (1979)
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 297 (1979), S. 144-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. der Metallchelate von 1-Hydroxy-2-pyridinthion ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1-Hydroxy-2-pyridinthion (HPT) bildet mit den Metallen der 8. Nebengruppe des Periodensystems intensiv gefärbte Chelatkomplexe. Führt man die Reaktion in wäßriger Phase bei pH 7 aus, so werden alle Elemente der Gruppe erfaßt und als schwerlösliche Neutralkomplexe gefällt. Diese lassen sich mit Chloroform extrahieren und dünnschichtchromatographisch trennen. Die Nachweisgrenze der Metalle liegt zwischen 3 und 40 ng (Fluorescenzlöschung bei 254 nm). Spektralphotometrische Auswertung der Chromatogramme läßt eine Erniedrigung der Nachweisgrenze um eine Zehnerpotenz erwarten.
    Notes: Summary 1-Hydroxy-2-pyridinethione (HPT) forms highly coloured chelate complexes with the metals of the 8th sub-group. If the reaction is carried out in aqueous solution at pH 7, all elements of the group precipitate as insoluble neutral complexes. They can be extracted with CHCl3 and separated by thin-layer chromatography. The detection limit is between 3 and 40 ng (fluorescence quenching at 254 nm). Spectrophotometric determination of the chromatograms lowers the detection limit by one power of ten.
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    Rapid T.L.C. separation of some closely related potential antidiabetic guanylpyrazole nitrates (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 298 (1979), S. 44-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Guanylpyrazolnitraten ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00470050
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    Diphenylamin im DC-Fließmittel als universelles Detektionsmittel (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 296 (1979), S. 45-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Diphenylamin als Detektionsmittel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481170
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    Vollautomatische rechnergesteuerte Auswertung von Dünnschicht-Chromatogrammen (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 296 (1979), S. 369-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; vollautomat. Auswertung von Chromatogrammen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden vollautomatische DC-Photometer beschrieben, bei denen ein Rechner die optimale Positionierung der DC-Flecke im Meßspalt steuert. Es lassen sich nicht nur die normalen Meßkurven, sondern auch die gemäß der Kubelka-Munk-Funktion transformierten Kurven für die Auswertung heranziehen. Infolge der Steuerung des Wellenlängenantriebes lassen sich auch Zweiwellenlängentechniken simulieren. Für die Auswertung eignet sich auch die 1. Ableitung der Meßkurve. Die Genauigkeit und Reproduzierbarkeit wird gesondert nach Auftragefehler, Meßfehler, Positionierfehler und Fehler der Chromatographie ausgewiesen.
    Notes: Summary Automated photometers for evaluating TLC plates by an optimized positioning of the spots in respect to the centre of the light beam are described. The evaluation can be performed by using the original measuring curve or a transformed one in respect to the Kubelka-Munk function. Two-wavelength techniques can be simulated, for the monochromator is controlled by the computer. This method has an advantage in measuring not well separated spots. In this case also an evaluation of the first derivative is often successful. The accuracy and reproducibility is given in respect to the different sources of errors: spotting, measurement, positioning and chromatography.
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  • 42
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    Dünnschicht-chromatographische Trennung und Detektion von 14 1,4- bzw. 1,5-Benzodiazepin-Handelspräparaten und 17 Hauptmetaboliten (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 135-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Benzodiazepinen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Metaboliten
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die DC-Trennung von 14 1,4- bzw. 1,5-Benzodiazepinen und 17 Hauptmetaboliten sowie die Detektion mit Bratton-Marshall-, Dragendorff- und Jodoplateat-Reagens werden beschrieben. Rf-Werte sowie die Reaktionen mit den Reagentien sind tabellarisch zusammengestellt und Biotransformationsschemata angegeben.
    Notes: Summary Experimental details for the separation are described and data are compiled for Rf-values and reactions with Bratton-Marshall, Dragendorff and iodoplateate-reagents. Biotransformation schemes for the individual benzodiazepines are presented.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00523935
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    Dünnschicht-chromatographischer Nachweis von IOXYNIL in biologischem Material (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 288-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Ioxynil in Biolog. Material ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481657
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    Alcohol separation by thin-layer chromatography. II (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 295 (1979), S. 263-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Alkoholen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; C1-C20, 6 Trennsysteme, Dinitrobenzoate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Thin-layer chromatography on rice starch, maize starch, cellulose and talc makes possible the separation of the homologous series of 3,5-dinitrobenzoates of aliphatic alcohols C1 to C20. Six different solvent systems have been employed. Dependence of R f-values on the number of C-atoms on various supports is discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe der Dünnschicht-Chromatographie auf Reisstärke, Maisstärke, Cellulose und Talk wurde die homologe Reihe der 3,5-Dinitrobenzoate von aliphatischen Alkoholen C1 bis C20 getrennt. Sechs verschiedene Fließmittel wurden benutzt. Die Abhängigkeit der R f-Werte von der Zahl der C-Atome auf verschiedene Schichten wird diskutiert.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481489
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    Rapid T.L.C. separation of some closely related potential antineoplastic arylazopyrazoles (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 295 (1979), S. 272-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Arylazopyraolen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00481495
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    Trennung und Identifizierung von 12 antimikrobiellen Verbindungen mittels Dünnschicht-Chromatographie (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 36-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Antimikrobiellen Verbindungen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Trennung und Identifizierung von halogenierten, vorwiegend aliphatischen antimikrobiellen Verbindungen, von Formaldehyd abgebenden Substanzen und von Sulfonsäure-Derivaten auf dünnschicht-chromatographischem Wege wird beschrieben. Die Trennung erfolgt auf einer Kieselgel-Cellulose-Mischschicht mit Äthylacetat/Methanol/10% Ammoniak (65+30+5) als Laufmittel. Zur Sichtbarmachung und zur Identifizierung sind mehrere Sprühmittel notwendig: äthanolischeMethylgelb-Lösung mit anschließender UV-Bestrahlung, Phenylhydrazinsulfonat und Natronlauge sowie Hydroxylamin/Eisen(III)-chlorid und Nitroprussidnatrium-Kaliumhexacyanoferrat (III) u. a. Anhand der verschiedenen Rf-Werte und der Anfärbungen lassen sich die antimikrobiellen Verbindungen rasch und einfach identifizieren.
    Notes: Summary The analysis of halogenated, mainly aliphatic compounds, of formaldehyde donors and of derivatives of sulphonic acid is described. The separation is carried out on plates coated with a mixed layer of silica gel and cellulose and a solvent mixture of ethylacetate/methanol/10% ammonia (65+30+5), whereas for the detection and identification several spray reagents have to be used: ethanolic solution of Methyl Yellow with subsequent UV irradiation, phenylhydrazine-4-sulphonic acid and sodium hydroxide, hydroxylamine/iron(III) chloride, sodium nitroprusside/potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) and others. The Rf-values and the colourations of the spots allow to identify the examined compounds rapidly and without further chemical procedures.
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    TLC separation of some inorganic ions on DCTA impregnated thin-layer plates (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 42-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von anorg. Ionen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; DCTA-imprägniert
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694660
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    Identification of some closely related potential antidiabetic 4-arylhydrazono-N′-benzylsulphonyl-3-methyl-2-pyrazoline-5-ones by TLC (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 414-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Identifizierung von Arylhydrazin-benzylsulfonylmethylpyrazolinonen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00468541
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    Separation and identification of closely related sulpha drugs by TLC on silica gel — calcium oxalate impregnated plates (1979)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 299 (1979), S. 207-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Sulfonamiden ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00581378
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    Electron energy loss spectra of dye vapors (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 185-190 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Electron energy loss studies of POPOP andp-terphenyl in the vapor phase at an incident electron energy of 25 eV have been performed. The spectra covering an energy loss between 0 and 9 eV revealed a considerable initial triplet population under electron impact excitation. The implications for electron-beam pumped vapor phase dye lasers are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00928206
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    High-power argon-ion laser with titanium covered beryllia discharge tube (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 229-232 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new type of discharge tube for high-power argon-ion lasers constructed of a segmented metal-ceramic compound system is described. Up to date, the system has been operating for 1500 h without failure. The maximum cw output is 140 W, limited by the destruction of the mirrors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00928214
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    Ultrashort-pulse generation by lasers with saturable absorbers (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 439-450 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A theoretical model for the ultrashort-pulse (USP) generation by lasers with saturable absorbers is presented. The gain medium is assumed to be a two-level system whereas the absorber is described by a four-level system which is characterized by a two-stage absorption process and the pertinent relaxation times. Laser dynamical equations are developed in the rate-equation approximation and boundary conditions appropriate for an unidirectional ring cavity are established. Evolution of USP is investigated for different combinations of parameter values appropriate for solid-state laser systems by computer simulation, employing a finite difference approximation for the dynamical equations. It is shown that USP output is attainable even if the cross-section of the excited-state absorption isgreater than that of the ground-state absorption and the laser is operating just above threshold. In fact, it is found that through the participation of a strong excited-state absorption the discrimination against satellite pulses is enhanced so that single-pulse output is more achievable. Furthermore, it is proposed that single picosecond pulses may be obtainable from relatively broad initial peaks by utilizing the high pulse-selection and pulse-shortening efficiency of the absorber due to the contribution of the excited-state absorption. The applicability of the present model to singlet-triplet crossing and photoisomer formation is also discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886165
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    Efficient spectral narrowing and tuning of a cw dye laser with a low-loss diffraction grating (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 16 (1978), S. 297-301 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A grating-tuned cw dye laser with an emission bandwidth of less than 1 GHz and output power in excess of 400 mW has been constructed. This was accomplished using a newly developed holographic grating with sinusoidal groove profile, which resulted in an enhanced spectral efficiency up to 94%. The low losses and the broad spectral working range (more than 1000 Å) which can be easily covered by simple rotation make these gratings an attractive single-stage tuning element for low-gain cw lasers.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00885125
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    Tunable UV-radiation by stimulated Raman scattering in hydrogen (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 16 (1978), S. 151-154 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.65 ; 42.55 ; 33
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We observed tunable UV radiation down to 175 nm by SRS of the output of a frequency-doubled dye laser in H2. The high power output of the 4th anti-Stokes to 5th Stokes line generated by the frequency doubled dye laser and the 8th anti-Stokes to 3rd Stokes line generated by the undoubled dye laser represents a broadly tunable coherent radiation source between 189 nm and 2064 nm.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00930379
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    Quasi-cw laser action in K5Nd(MoO4)4 (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 367-370 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 78.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report on room temperature quasi-cw laser action in K5Nd(MoO4)4 at a wavelength of 1.067 μm. The crystal was pumped with the 5140 Å line of an argon ion laser. Due to thermal effects actual cw lasing was not possible. Chopping the pump light with a low duty cycle of 1∶1000 leads to quasi-cw laser action and stable output power. We have determined the fundamental laser parameters: threshold pump powerA T=15 mW, slope efficiency η=22%, and internal lossesL=2.5%. In order to explain the measured relaxation oscillations, diffusion of the excited 4f-excitons is considered. According to a recently developed theory, a diffusion constant ofD=2×10−6cm2/s explains the observed results.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886207
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    High-energy dye laser pumped by wall-ablation lamps (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 191-196 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A guideline for the optimum design of linear wall-ablation lamps is presented with a simple empirical formula which describes the luminescent characteristics of lamps. The absolute luminescent efficiency of the wall-ablation lamp was measured. A high-energy dye laser with a quadruple-elliptical cylindrical cavity was constructed using these lamps, and an output energy of 23.3 J (11.6 MW) was obtained with an overall efficiency of 0.31 %. The energy-flow diagram of this laser system was computed with a rate-equation analysis, and the conversion efficiency from electrical input to laser output was determined. One can expect an overall efficiency of about 2 %.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00928207
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    Threshold singularities of optically pumped dye lasers (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 181-187 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A complete theoretical model for optically pumped dye lasers is studied using the rate equation approach which includes excited singlet and triplet state absorption effects. Closed-form solutions under steady-state conditions reveal a novel nonlinear threshold phenomenon: partial reabsorption of the excited laser light can lead to a discontinuous onset of laser oscillation above laser threshold. Theoretical and experimental results for a transversely and longitudinally pumped rhodamine 6G laser are presented in terms of softmode and hardmode behavior at threshold.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00885253
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    Polarization properties of a single-mode gas laser in transverse magnetic fields (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 257-267 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 32.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of transversally applied magnetic fields on the polarization behavior of a single-mode gas laser is theoretically investigated, stressing the importance of the additivity of respective contributions influencing the time evolution of polarization parameters. By adding a new element to the existing theory, namely the contribution of magnetic-field-free regions in the active medium, and by considering the relatively large effects that small cavity anisotropies can cause, several apparent discrepancies between experiments and existing theory are resolved.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886954
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    Feedback controlled self-excitation of optical pulses in a CW dye ring laser (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 59-63 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Feedback controlled self-excitation of optical pulses of nanosecond duration has been observed to occur rather reliably in a CW dye ring laser, oscillating in a traveling mode. These observations are described analytically by means of a direct time domain approach. It is shown that a steady-state Gaussian pulse whose time duration determined from the self consistency condition in terms of system characteristics describes accurately the observed pulse behaviors.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00896891
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    Instability of laser cw oscillation in the presence of a passive medium (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 15 (1978), S. 265-270 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract For a homogeneously broadened two-level ring laser model the stability of the cw laser oscillation in the presence of a passive medium is investigated. The passive material is treated similar to the active material, but without an external pumping mechanism. Stable and unstable regions are shown for various parameters. The stability region of the cw solution becomes extremly small for certain parameters.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00896107
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    Dynamic mode interaction in multi-mode laser diodes (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 16 (1978), S. 155-158 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 78.60 ; 85.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Dynamic characteristics of laser diodes are numerically calculated on multi-mode rate equations, including spatial relaxing interaction causing mode competitions or jumps. It is revealed that the interaction effect is classified into three cases [“independent (or inhomogeneous)”, “competition (or intermediate)”, and “monopoly (or ideally homogeneous)”], that an optimum relaxing coefficient value exists to minimize relaxation oscillations in rise and decay transients, and that the optimum value is related to the relaxation period. Calculated results are discussed in comparison with the experimental results.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00930380
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    Measurement of the diameter of a laser beam (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 303-307 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new and simple technique for measuring the effective diameter of a laser beam used in material processing is described. The time for the temperature of a spot heated by the laser beam to rise to 90% of equilibrium is compared with that predicted theoretically for a Gaussian TEM00 laser beam. A Gaussian beam diameter equivalent is thus deduced. This calculated diameter is of particular relevance to applications where the laser is used as a heat source.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886959
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    Nonstationary intracavity stimulated raman scattering by polaritons (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 393-400 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Stimulated Raman scattering by polaritons when employing a nonlinear crystal inside the cavity of the laser with Q-switching and locked to fundamental frequency was theoretically studied. The equations were formulated describing the dynamics of the fundamental, Stokes and polariton waves under the assumption of instant Q-switching and uniformity of radiation except in the longitudinal direction. Numerical solutions of the equations were found and analysed. We demonstrate the influence, on generation characteristics, of the most important parameters, such as the effective nonlinearity, the initial level of population inversion, the feedback of the Stokes wave and the group mismatch between a Stokes and a pump wave. Optimum generation conditions are determined. Possibilities of the method are discussed for the generation of a) giant pulses which are controllable with regard to carrier frequency and duration but are unachievable with other methods, b) Stokes pulses of very small duration and high energy having sharp trailing edges, and c) analogous polariton pulses in the middle and far infrared range. The generation using a number of polariton branches in LiNbO3 was considered as an example. Calculations are in qualitative agreement with experimental data.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886211
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    High-power tunable IR Raman lasers (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 211-232 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Physical principles, new ways and means of creation, schemes, characteristics and features of efficient high-power tunable pulse Raman lasers, operating in the near and middle ir are reviewed. The paper includes: tunable dye and Nd lasers as pump sources; promising active media and their optimal excitation methods; optical systems for producing spatially homogeneous pumping; the physics of Raman oscillators and their practical schemes, efficient high pulse energy liquid N2 and compressed H2 Raman oscillators, covering several bands in the range between 1.4 and 9.2 μm; the physics and construction of efficient tunable Raman amplifiers-convertors, amplifying in the saturation regime of spontaneously scattered or beforehand produced and collimated external Stokes signals, obtained in the spectral range between 0.83 μm and 18 μm. Raman laser using a, so-called, broadband pump where the linewidth of pumping light is broader than the spontaneous scattering linewidth, are also discussed. Features of both amplification and oscillation regimes of such broadband pumped Raman lasers are reported, and conditions for the efficient frequency conversion are determined.
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    Multiwatt optically pumped ammonia laser operation in the 12–13 μm (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 317-320 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Design and operating caracteristics of high pulse repetition rate NH3 laser producing up to 20 W of average output power are described. The NH3 laser, operating in the 12–13 μm region was optically pumped with a high pulse repetition rate TEA CO2 laser. Dependences of the NH3 laser output on the pump energy, ammonia and buffer gas pressures and pulse repetition rate have been studied. The conversion efficiency of up to 16% has been received.
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    Measurement of the transition strength of the 00o2 9.4 μm sequence band in CO2 using a tunable diode laser (1978)
    Springer
    Applied physics 17 (1978), S. 349-353 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 35 ; 42.55 ; 42.68
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report the first accurate measurements of the transition strengths and linewidths of the 00o2 9.4 μm sequence lines of CO2. This sequence band is found to be very similar to the regular 00o1 laser band, except for an experimentally determined factor of 1.89±0.12 increase in transition strength (if the CO2 molecule is treated as a simple harmonic oscillator the theoretical increase in transition strength is 2.0). The laser absorption spectrometer used for these measurements can detect absorption coefficients in CO2 of ≈10−7 m−1, and we discuss the feasibility of using this sensitivity to monitor rare isotopic forms of CO2.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00886204
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    Quantitative dünnschicht-chromatographische Bestimmung von aromatischen Aminen nach der Remissionsmethode (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 292 (1978), S. 381-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Aminen, aromat. ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Remissionsmessung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Methode zur quantitativen Bestimmung von aromatischen Aminen beschrieben. Diese werden dünnschicht-chromatographisch auf Kieselgel 60 F254 Fertigplatten in den Laufmitteln n-Propanol/Methanol/Wasser/Eisessig (65∶15∶15∶20; Vol.) oder n-Butanol/Wasser/Eisessig (66∶17∶17; Vol.) von den Begleitstoffen abgetrennt. Die getrennten Aminflecke werden entweder im Ultraviolett-Bereich oder nach Diazotierung im sichtbaren Bereich mit dem Chromatogramm-Spektralphotometer PMQ II nach der Remissionsmethode gemessen und anhand der auf derselben Platte aufgestellten Eichgerade ausgewertet. Die quantitative Bestimmung wird anhand der beiden Amine 5-Amino-2,4,6-trijod-isophthalsäurebis-(2,3-dihydroxy-propyl-N-methylamid) (I) und 2,4,6-Trijod-3-aminobenzoesäure (II) in Röntgenkontrastmittelpräparaten (RKP) demonstriert. Sowohl im UV- als auch im sichtbaren Bereich, läßt sich in 3000 μg RK-Säure (RKS) noch 0,1 μg freies aromatisches Amin, das sind 0,003%, bezogen auf die eingesetzte Menge RKS, mit einer maximalen relativen Standardabweichung von 4% bestimmen. Diese Methode ist spezifischer und empfindlicher als die der Diazotierung in Lösung.
    Notes: Summary The aromatic amines are separated from impurities by thin-layer chromatography on silica gel 60 F254 precoated plates in the mobile solvents n-propanol/methanol/water/glacial acetic acid (65∶15∶15∶20; vol.) or n-butanol/water/glacial acetic acid (66∶17∶17; vol.). The separated amine spots are measured by the remission method by means of the TLC densitometer PMQ II, either in the u.v. region or, after diazotization, in the visible region, and evaluated on the basis of the linear calibration curve set up on the same plate. Quantitative determination is demonstrated by means of the two amines, 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid-bis-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl-N-methylamide) (I) and 2,4,6-triiodo-3-aminobenzoic acid (II), in radiopaque contrast media (RCM). Both in the u.v. and visible regions, it is still possible to determine 0.1 μg of free aromatic amine in 3000 μg of radiopaque contrast medium acid (RCA), or 0.003% in terms of the amount of RCA used, with a maximum relative standard deviation of 4%. This method is more specific and more sensitive than that of diazotization in solution.
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    Analyse von Desodorantien in kosmetischen Präparaten (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 293 (1978), S. 135-137 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Desodorantien, Phenolderivaten in Kosmetika ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Phenolische Desodorantien in kosmetischen Präparaten lassen sich durch Umsetzung mit Echtrotsalz Al (Anthrachinondiazonium-chlorid-1) in wäßrig-alkalischer Lösung, Extraktion des gebildeten Azofarbstoffes mit einem organischen Lösungsmittel und anschließender Dünnschicht-Chromatographie schnell identifizieren. In den meisten Fällen ist die Abhängigkeit zwischen der Extinktion der Farbstofflösung und der eingesetzten Menge des betreffenden Desodorants linear, wodurch dann auch quantitative Bestimmungen möglich sind.
    Notes: Summary Phenolic compounds, used as deodorants in cosmetic products can be identified quickly by reaction with anthraquinonediazonium chloride-1 (Echtrotsalz Al) in aqueous alkaline medium, extraction of the azo dye with an organic solvent and separation by thinlayer chromatography. The relation between the absorbance of the coloured solution and the concentration of the deodorant concerned is generally linear; in these cases quantitative determinations are always possible.
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    Trennung und Nachweis von N-Heterocyclen auf CuSO4-imprägnierten Schichten (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 291 (1978), S. 366-368 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von N-Heterocycl. Verbindungen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; CuSO4-imprägnierte Schichten, Fluorescenz
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch die charakteristischen Fluorescenzfarben und die Fluorescenz-Thermochromie der CuJ-Komplexe lassen sich N-Heterocyclen auf Chromatogrammen meist einwandfrei identifizieren. Eine wesentliche Vereinfachung wird durch die Verwendung CuSO4-imprägnierter Kieselgelschichten erreicht. Die Nachweisempfindlichkeiten insbesondere bei tiefer Temperatur ändern sich im Vergleich zur ursprünglichen Technik kaum.
    Notes: Summary N-Heterocycles can usually be identified with certainty through the characteristic fluorescence colours and fluorescence-thermochromism of the CuI-complexes. The use of CuSO4-impregnated silica gel layers facilitates the procedure considerably, and scarcely reduces the sensitivity of detection, particularly at low temperature.
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    TLC separation of some inorganic ions on p-toluidine impregnated layers (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 292 (1978), S. 415-416 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Anorgan. Ionen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; mit p-Toluidin imprägnierte Schichten
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    A simple procedure for the chromatographic isolation and determination of prostaglandins from human seminal plasma (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 293 (1978), S. 45-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Prostaglandinen in Sperma ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A relatively simple procedure for the isolation and determination of the prostaglandins present in human seminal fluid is described. It involves preliminary chromatographic purification of these compounds from the major non-prostaglandin impurities followed by their total elution in one solvent (one-step elution). The prostaglandins thus obtained were almost free from other lipids and were further resolved into prostaglandin-groups and individual prostaglandins by repeated thin-layer chromatography. Data are also presented for prostaglandin contents of fresh semen samples from five individuals and results compared with those from the stored samples.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Verfahren umfaßt eine chromatographische Abtrennung der Verbindungen von den hauptsächlichsten Verunreinigungen und die Gesamtelution mit einem Lösungsmittel. Die von anderen Lipiden fast völlig freien Prostaglandine werden durch wiederholte Dünnschicht-Chromatographie in Gruppen und Einzelverbindungen getrennt. Werte werden angegeben über die Prostaglandingehalte von frischem im Vergleich zu gelagertem Sperma.
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    Trennung und Identifizierung von Inhaltsstoffen der HCH-Salbe „Antiskabiosum“ an Fertigfolien für die Dünnschicht-Chromatographie (Reinheitsprüfung) (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 292 (1978), S. 237-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von HCH-Salbe ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Fertigfolien
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00491816
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    T.L.C. separation of some closely related potential antidiabetic 3,5-dimethyl-4-arylazoisoxazoles (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 292 (1978), S. 238-238 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Dimethylarylazoisoxazolen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00491817
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    Untersuchung der Biotransformation von Pemolin im menschlichen Organismus (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 289 (1978), S. 110-111 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Identifizierung von Pemolin-Metaboliten im Harn ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; UV-, IR-, Massenspektren
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00443957
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    Bestimmung von Trimethylzinnverbindungen in Dimethylzinn-di(thioglykolsäureisooctylester) (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 289 (1978), S. 285-286 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Trimethylzinnverbindungen in Dimethylzinn-di(thioglykolsäureisooctylester) ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00440214
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    TLC separation of some inorganic ions (1978)
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 290 (1978), S. 46-46 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Ionen, anorgan ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00468863
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    Separation of rhodium and iridium by anion-exchange thin-layer chromatography (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 290 (1978), S. 46-47 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Rhodium und Iridium ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Anionenaustausch
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00468864
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    TLC-separation of potential antineoplastic agents: Ethyl-2, 3-dioxobutyrate-2-arylhydrazones (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 290 (1978), S. 48-48 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Äthyl-2,3-dioxobutyrat-2-arylhydrazonen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Antineoplastica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00468866
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    Automatische Fluorimetrie von Mikro-Dünnschicht-Chromatogrammen (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 290 (1978), S. 133-134 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Aminosäuren ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; automat. F luorimetrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00482294
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    Identification of a new metabolite of digitoxin by radio-thin-layer-chromatography (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 290 (1978), S. 157-157 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Digitoxinmetaboliten in Harn ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Radio
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00482314
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    Semiquantitative estimation of the mycotoxins citrinin, Ochratoxin A, Aflatoxin M1 and penicillic acid on thin-layer chromatograms with a grey scale (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 293 (1978), S. 138-140 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Mycotoxinen, Citrinin, Ochratoxin A, Aflatoxin M1, Penicillinsäure ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Graukeil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Spots of citrinin, ochratoxin A, aflatoxin M1 and penicillic acid on thin-layer chromatograms can be semi-quantitatively estimated by using a grey scale, commonly used in photo laboratories. The detection limits are 0.01 μg for citrinin, 0.006 μg for ochratoxin A, 0.002 μg for aflatoxin M1 and 0.01 μg for penicillic acid. Standard curves for these mycotoxins are given.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe eines in Photolabors gebräuchlichen Graukeils können dünnschicht-chromatographische Flecke der obengenannten Mycotoxine halbquantitativ bestimmt werden. Die Nachweisgrenzen betragen 0,01 μg für Citrinin, 0,006 μg für Ochratoxin A, 0,002 μg für Aflatoxin M1 und 0,01 μg für Penicillinsäure. Eichkurven werden angegeben.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00486993
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    TLC separation of closely related aromatic amines II (1978)
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 291 (1978), S. 221-221 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Aminen, aromat. ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00480695
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    Identification of some 2[2-mercapto (or substituted mercapto)-4-thiazolyl] benzothiazoles by thin-layer chromatography (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 291 (1978), S. 224-224 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Mercaptothiazolyl-benzothiazolen ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00480698
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    Untersuchungen zur quantitativen Bestimmung der Seltenen Erden nach dünnschicht-chromatographischer Trennung mit bekannten und neuen Laufmittelsystemen (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 291 (1978), S. 328-331 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Trenn. von Seltenen Erden von Uran ; Photometrie ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; Diäthyläther/Tetrahydrofuran/Bis-(2-äthylhexylphosphat)/HNO3
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit dem Laufmittel Diäthyläther/Bis-(2-äthylhexylphosphat) (HDEHP)/Salpetersäure (100∶1∶3,5) können alle Seltenen Erden (S.E.) dünnschicht-chromatographisch (DC-Trennung) getrennt werden. Durch Variation von HDEHP und HNO3 ist es möglich, entweder die Rf-Werte der schweren oder leichten S.E. auseinander zu ziehen. Eine weitere DC-Trennung der S.E. gelingt mit dem Laufmittel Diäthyläther/Tetrahydrofuran/HDEHP/ HNO3. Nach der DC-Trennung werden die einzelnen S.E. auf zwei Wegen quantitativ bestimmt: a) Durch Auswertung der Fleckengröße, b) photometrisch nach Abkratzen der Flecken mit Neothorin. Als Analysen-Beispiel wird die Bestimmung von S.E. im ppm-Bereich in Spilitischem Schalstein gezeigt. Die relativen Standardabweichungen sind befriedigend.
    Notes: Summary All rare earths can be separated by TLC with the eluent diethyl ether/bis-(2-ethylhexylphosphate) (HDEHP)/nitric acid (100∶1∶3.5). It is possible to increase the R f-differences between either the heavy or the light rare earths by variation of HDEHP and HNO3. A further separation can be obtained by using diethyl ether/THF/HDEHP/HNO3 as an eluent. After TLC separation the rare earths can be determined quantitatively in two ways: (a) by evaluation of spot area, (b) by photometry with Neothorin as indicator after scraping the spots. The determination of rare earths in the ppm range in spilites is shown as an example. The relative standard deviations are satisfactory.
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    Radiochemical assay of prostaglandins, thromboxane, prostaglandin endoperoxides, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) and 12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid (HHT) formed by human platelets from arachidonic acid (1978)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 292 (1978), S. 228-232 
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    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Prostaglandinen, Thromboxan, Prostaglandinendoperoxiden, 12-Hydroxyeicosantetraensäure, 12-Hydroxyheptadecatriensäure aus Thrombocyten ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; gebildet aus Arachidonsäure, radiochemisch
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A three-step thin-layer chromatographic procedure is described for the isolation and measurement of the various compounds formed by human platelets from radioactive arachidonic acid. The data presented show that other unknown compounds may also be formed in substantial amounts. The method can be used on a routine basis by combining a two-dimensional thin-layer chromatographic separation with an additional TLC for a complete resolution of the prostaglandins and other products.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ein dreistufiges TLC-Verfahren wird beschrieben zur Trennung und Bestimmung der verschiedenen Verbindungen, die durch Thrombocyten aus radioaktiver Arachidonsäure gebildet werden. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse zeigen, daß außer den oben genannten noch weitere unbekannte Verbindungen in wesentlichen Mengen gebildet werden können. Durch Kombination einer dreidimensionalen TLC mit einer weiteren TLC-Trennung kann eine vollständige, routinemäßige Analyse der Prostaglandine und anderen Verbindungen durchgeführt werden.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00491813
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    Excimer ArF/XeF lasers providing high-power stimulated radiation in Ar/Xe and F lines (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 231-233 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Lasing in atomic lines of noble gases and fluorine, prior to excimer radiation, was observed in an electric discharge ArF/XeF excimer laser. Some Ar/Xe lines end at metastable levels, which are very important for the formation of ArF/XeF excimer molecules. Five new lasing lines of atomic fluorine have been obtained. Consideration is given to the use of lasing in atomic and molecular lines, that occurs in one burst, in investigations of the excitation kinetics of excimer states under the conditions of a high-pressure electric discharge.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00883096
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    Properties and current-voltage characteristics of discharges in waveguide gas lasers (1977)
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    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 277-282 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The paper deals with the properties andI-V characteristics of discharges in narrow capillaries used, for example, for He−Ne waveguide lasers. It has been observed that discharges in He−Ne waveguide lasers are unstable because of the strongly falling characteristic. A theory is presented which assumes that at low currents wall charges restrict the positive column to a narrow plasma channel and are the main reason for the observed falling characteristic. A numerical evaluation for helium gives results which agree well with experimental data.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00882732
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    Continuous laser oscillation in diatomic molecular sodium (1977)
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    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 97-99 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract First cw laser oscillation with thresholds below 1 mW was observed for various B1Пu → X1 ∑ g + transitions of diatomic molecular sodium excited by different argon laser lines in the range of 454–488 nm. For pump powers of 0.5 W output powers up to 3 mW and single-pass gain up to 0.1 cm−1 were obtained. Some properties of the heat pipe laser system are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00890727
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    Optically pumped FIR-laser with variable Fabry-Perot output coupler (1977)
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    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 383-385 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An optically pumped FIR laser was operated with a copper mesh Fabr-Perot output coupler. With this device a Gaussian output beam was obtained andthe degree of coupling could be varied continuously, thus allowing optimum coupling. From the measured properties of the wire mesches grains of two FIR laser lines are calculated and the saturation intensities estimated.
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    A magnetic tuning system for dye lasers (1977)
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    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 25-28 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new device for magnetically displacing the output mirror of a laser resonator and synchronously tilting an etalon in order to obtain single-mode tuning of a dye laser over a tuning range of at least 10 GHz is described. Comparatively large displacements with good linearity of a coil mounted on a membrane and placed inside the strong magnetic field of a ring magnet are obtained for currents in the order of several hundred milliamperes. Together with etalon flats of appropriate thickness and reflection mounted in the resonator of the laser a versatile instrument for application in intra and extra cavity spectroscopy has been developed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00882629
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    Measurements of some reaction rates of importance in KrF lasers (1977)
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    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 393-398 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 34 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A flowing afterglow method has been used to study a number of reactions of importance in KrF lasers using NF3 as the fluorine donor. Total rate constants are reported for Kr*(3 P 2)+NF3 and Kr++NF3. The thermal energy attachment coefficient has been measured for NF3 and the cross section for the electron excitation process Kr*(3 P 2) +e→Kr*(3 P 1)+e has been estimated. The relevance of these results to discharge pumped KrF lasers is discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00883445
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    Argon laser with wall stabilized transverse discharge (1977)
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    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 193-197 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 52
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Planar and cylindrical discharges for argon lasers are compared by plasmatheoretical calculations. The maximum laser output power available in the two arrangements is computed in dependence of various parameters neglecting saturation mechanisms. A transverse discharge arrangement confining the positive column by two parallel walls is described and experimental laser threshold values for the current and pressure are reported.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00883089
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    Modulation behavior of semiconductor injection lasers (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 255-268 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.55 ; 85.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract GaAs double heterostructure semiconductor injection lasers which now exhibit more than 25000 h cw room temperature lifetime are of great interest for future use as directly modulated transmitters for high bit-rate fiber optical communications. The effects limiting this application are modulation distortions, spectral width and additional spectral broadening in the case of modulation and spontaneous fluctuations of the output power. The dynamic and spectral behavior of injection lasers, the methods of high bit-rate modulation and the improvement of the high bit-rate modulation capability by coupling two lasers are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00882730
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    A simple and reliable short-pulse dye laser (1977)
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    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 109-110 
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    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A simple technique is described that allows the generation of a short pulses (1 ns) from dye lasers pumped by a much longer (7 ns) N2-laser pulse. Dye-laser pulses, either with a narrow bandwidth or a short duration, can thus be obtained with the same N2-laser pump.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00890731
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    Tunable laser via F 2 + and F 2 − colour centers in the spectral region 0.88–1.25 μm (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 121-122 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Frequency-tunable generation by means of F 2 + and F 2 − colour centers in a LiF crystal is reported. Colour centers were created by illuminating LiF crystals with electrons of 3 meV energy at the electron current density of 1 μA/cm2. The pumping source was a ruby laser with a peak power of 20 MW, a pulse duration of 20 ns, and a repetition rate of 1 Hz. The frequency tuning is obtained in the range of 0.88–1.25 μm. Discussed are the ways of pumping of colour centers and the possibility of lasing in the spectral region of 0.85 to 2 μm in the type of colour centers under investigation.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00882641
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    Excimer gas-discharge tunable ArF laser (1977)
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    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 107-108 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Intense laser oscillation has been observed from ArF molecules at 1933 Å. Excitation of the gas mixture NF3:Ar:He=1:55:630 at total pressures above 2.1 atm was produced by a transverse electric discharge. The range of fine tuning was from 1927 Å to 1936 Å. An output energy of 0.8 mJ was measured from a laser pulse 15 ns in duration.
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    Reaction kinetics of excimer lasers using NF3 (1977)
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    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 1-3 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Disappearance of NF3 and appearance of NF2 and N2F2 in an excimer laser is followed quantitatively with a mass spectrometer. A model for the kinetics is presented.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00890711
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    Performance of NdLa pentaphosphate laser pumped by nanosecond pulses (1977)
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    Applied physics 13 (1977), S. 55-58 
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    Keywords: 42.55 ; 78.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract NdxLa1−xP5O14 (0.25≦x≦1) single crystals, placed within a confocal optical resonator, were pumped with ruby laser fundamental and second-harmonic nanosecond pulses. In both cases laser oscillations at 1.05 μm exceeding in duration many times the pumping pulse were obtained.
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    Nonlinear absorption spectroscopy of the ethane molecule (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 343-350 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract By means of nonlinear absorption spectroscopy data necessary for the interpretation of molecular spectra can be obtained in such spectral regions, where conventional spectroscopic methods yield only a quasi-continuous absorption curve. Using a Zeeman-tuned He−Ne laser at the wavelength of 3.39μm we have measured significant differences in the intensity and temperature behaviour for several ethane absorption lines, the analysis of which made possible a preliminary qualitative assignment of these lines.
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    A high-power single-mode cw dye ring laser (1977)
    Springer
    Applied physics 14 (1977), S. 377-380 
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    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 42.55 ; 42.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Due to spatial hole burning, standing-wave dye lasers require a large amount of selectivity inside the cavity for single-mode operation. The output power of these lasers is limited by losses caused by the frequency selecting elements. In a travelling-wave laser, on the other hand, spatial hole burning does not exist, thereby eliminating the need for high selectivity. A travelling-wave cw dye laser was realized by unidirectional operation of a ring laser, yielding single mode output powers of 1.2 W at 595 nm and of 55 mW in the UV-region with intracavity frequency doubling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00883442
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