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  • Articles  (15)
  • germplasm  (15)
  • 2010-2014
  • 2005-2009
  • 2000-2004  (15)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (15)
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  • Articles  (15)
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  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (15)
  • Biology  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of allozymes at three life stages influences genetic variation analysis and clustering in Cicer arietinum germplasm collections (2000)
    Springer
    Euphytica 112 (2000), S. 109-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: allozymes ; Bangladesh ; chickpea ; Cicer arietinum ; conservation ; genetics ; germplasm ; populations ; variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Levels of genetic variation using 6 enzyme systems for a total of 11 interpretable loci were examined in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) originating from 9locations in Bangladesh. The measurement of genetic variation at enzyme loci was carried out on the seed embryo, on the early leaves of seedlings and on the mature leaves at the vegetative stage. A total of 592individuals, including 240 seeds, 200 seedlings and152 mature leaves were investigated. Using electrophoretic data, chickpea was found to express higher percentages of polymorphic loci at the seed stage (36–64%) than at seedling (22–56%) or the vegetative stage (11–44%). The proportion of mean number of alleles and the average mean observed heterozygosity also were higher at the seed stage when compared to the seedling and vegetative stages. Unique alleles were absent, and only differences infrequencies could be noticed. Positive values of the fixation index were noted for pgm-1 and 6pg-1 for all stages and in both mnr loci for the seed embryo's. A trend towards lower genetic distances of all possible pairs of populations could be observed when comparing those of seed embryo's with seedlings or mature leaves. This trend was even more pronounced when pooling the data of 9 populations into their 3regions. Slight differences in genetic distances caused a separative clustering of population 3 at seed embryo, of population 2 at seedling and of population5 at vegetative stages. It is suggested that careful examination of enzyme polymorphisms at different developmental stages is a prerequisite before drawing conclusions on the genetic distance between germplasm collections from different origins since small differences in the data entry for clustering results in ties that may affect tree topologies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003851113039
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geographical patterns of morphological variation in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) germplasm from Ethiopia and Eritrea: Quantitative characters (2000)
    Springer
    Euphytica 115 (2000), S. 91-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: clinal variation ; correlation ; germplasm ; landrace ; phenotypic variation ; Sorghum bicolor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A total of 415 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) accessions representing different regions of Ethiopia, Eritrea and a group of introduced lines were evaluated for 15 quantitative characters to determine the extent and geographical pattern of morphological variation. The extent of variation was highly pronounced for agronomically important characters for sorghum. These characters included plant height, days for 50% flowering, peduncle exsertion, panicle length and width, number and length of primary branches per panicle and thousand seed weight. Significant regional variation was also observed for most of the characters. The results implied that environmental factors such as altitude, rainfall, temperature and growing period are important in regional variation. Mean for plant height and for days for 50% flowering showed clinal variation along the gradients of rainfall pattern and growing period in Ethiopia. Moreover, there were significant positive correlation coefficients between most of the characters. This included the correlation between agronomic characters of primary interest in sorghum breeding such as plant height and days for 50% flowering and also between various characters and the altitude of the collection sites. The implications of the results in plant breeding, germplasm collection and conservation as well as the probable sources of the wide range of variation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003998313302
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fruit characterization of Cocos nucifera L. (ARECACEAE) cultivars from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and the Philippines (2000)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 47 (2000), S. 483-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: Cocos nucifera ; fruit characteristics ; germplasm ; morphological variation ; selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Tall coconut cultivars from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and the Philippines (San Ramón, Tagnanán, and Laguna), were evaluated for fruit characteristics. Most of the introduced cultivars showed extremely large heterogeneity. A cluster analysis, based on the Ward method, classified the palms into four groups with high internal homogeneity. Some of the evaluated coconut palms from the Costa Rican Pacific area had nut characteristics similar to the San Ramon and Tagnanan palm groups but not to the Laguna group. At the association level used (semipartial R 2 = 0.10), another group which included the remaining palms sampled from the Costa Rican Pacific coast was constituted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008771122733
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessing genetic diversity of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivars from tropical America using AFLP (2000)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 47 (2000), S. 659-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: AFLP ; gene banks ; genetic diversity ; germplasm ; Ipomoea batatas ; sweet potato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The sweet potato genebank at the International Potato Center (CIP) maintains 5,526 cultivated I. batatas accessions from 57 countries. Knowledge of the genetic structure in this collection is essential for rational germplasm conservation and utilization. Sixty-nine sweet potato cultivars from 4 geographical regions (including 13 countries) of Latin America were randomly sampled and fingerprinted using AFLP markers. A total of 210 polymorphic and clearly scorable fragments were generated. A geographic pattern of diversity distribution was revealed by mean similarity, multidimensional scaling (MDS), and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). The highest genetic diversity was found in Central America, whereas the lowest was in Peru-Ecuador. The within-region variation was the major source of molecular variance. The between-regions variation, although it only explains 10.0% of the total diversity, is statistically significant. Cultivars from Peru-Ecuador, with the lowest level of within region diversity, made the most significant contribution to the between region differentiation. These results support the hypothesis that Central America is the primary center of diversity and most likely the center of origin of sweet potato. Peru-Ecuador should be considered as a secondary center of sweet potato diversity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026520507223
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of a cassava germplasm collection for reaction to three major diseases and the effect on yield (2000)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 47 (2000), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: anthracnose ; bacterial blight ; cassava ; germplasm ; mosaic virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Thirty-five cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), germplasm collection were planted in May 1992 under natural disease infection conditions, at the IITA field plots at Ibadan, Nigeria. The genotypes were evaluated at monthly intervals for six months, for incidence and severity of cassava anthracnose disease (CAD), cassava bacterial blight (CBB) and African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV). The effect of the pathogens on yield was also evaluated twelve months after planting (MAP). CAD, CBB and ACMV incidence and severity were significantly different (P〈0.05) among the cassava genotypes at 3 and 6 months after planting. ACMV incidence and severity reached the maximum levels at 3 MAP while CAD and CBB had a low incidence and severity at that period but exhibited a high disease symptom expression at 6 MAP. Yield parameters (plant stand, tuber number, tuber weight and tuber dry matter) differed significantly (P〈0.05) between the cassava genotypes. ACMV and CBB severity was negatively correlated with tuber number (r = −0.54 and r = −0.62 respectively). CAD severity was negatively correlated with tuber number (r = −0.46) and tuber weight (r = −0.63). Percentage dry matter was significantly correlated with ACMV severity (r = 0.71), CBB severity (r = 0.63) and CAD severity (r = 0.42). There was also a significant correlation between CBB and ACMD severity (r=0.46) and CBB and CAD severity (r=0.62). Tuber number and yield were significantly correlated (r=0.60), while% dry matter content and root rot showed a significant negative correlation (−0.42).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008797225343
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistance to powdery mildew in populations of barley landraces from Morocco (2000)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 47 (2000), S. 439-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: biodiversity ; Erysiphe graminis ; germplasm ; Hordeum vulgare ; landraces ; resistance genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Forty-eight populations of barley landraces collected from Morocco were screened for resistance to powdery mildew and a number of different resistance genes were detected. Landraces originated from the collection of the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas – ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. Twenty populations of tested landraces (about 42%) showed resistance reactions and 46 single plant lines were selected. Fourteen of these lines were tested in the seedling stage with 17 and another 32 lines with 23 differential isolates of powdery mildew, respectively. The isolates were chosen according to their virulence spectra observed on the Pallas isolines differential set. Five lines originating from five populations of landraces showed resistance to all prevalent in Europe powdery mildew virulence genes. Thirty-five lines (76%) showed resistance reaction type 2. The distribution of reaction type scores indicated that about 81% of all reaction types observed were classified as powdery mildew resistance (scores 0, 1 and 2). In forty-one lines (89%) the presence of unknown genes alone or in combination with a specific one was detected. Four different resistance alleles (Mlat, Mla6, Mla14 and Mla22) were postulated to be present in the tested lines alone or in combination. Among specific resistance alleles the most common was allele Mlat (resistance Atlas). This allele was postulated to be present in twenty-three (50%) tested lines. The use of new identified sources of resistance to powdery mildew in barley breeding is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008732919426
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The common bean populations from Basilicata (Southern Italy). An evaluation of their variation (2000)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 47 (2000), S. 489-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: common bean ; germplasm ; landraces ; phaseolin ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; safeguard
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The variation within a collection constituted by 36 populations of common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) recently collected in Basilicata region (Southern Italy) was studied. These populations are cultivated in marginal areas of the region mainly for farms' self-consumption. An appreciable variation of seed shape, colour and type of pattern was observed; 34 populations are of climbing growth habit. The frequency of the phaseolin types within the collection was investigated. C, T and S phaseolin types were observed, the type C being predominant (18 of 36 landraces); intra-population variation was detected only for two landraces. Local populations were compared with 28 commercial cultivars widely grown in the Basilicata region and accounting for 80–90% of common bean production. Significant divergences in growth habit and frequency of phaseolin types were observed: 22 cultivars had bush growth habit and 20 showed T phaseolin type. These results stress the urgency of actions devoted to the safeguard of this local germplasm. In fact, the diffusion of alloctonous and not typical germplasm is the first step towards the erosion of useful or valuable genes present in those established local populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008719105895
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variation of Ethiopian and Eritrean sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) germplasm assessed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (2000)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 47 (2000), S. 471-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: cluster analysis ; genetic variation ; germplasm ; RAPD ; Sorghum bicolor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The extent and patterns of distribution of genetic variation among 80 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) germplasm accessions from Ethiopia and Eritrea were investigated using RAPD with 20 oligonucleotide primers. The primers generated a total of 147 polymorphic bands across the 80 accessions with a mean of 7.35 bands per primer. Estimation of the extent of variation by the Shannon-Weaver diversity index revealed an intermediate level of overall variation (H = 53), although the levels varied among regions of origin of the accessions. Partitioning of the total variation revealed considerable variation (77%) within the region of origin of the accessions and the remainder (23%) among regions of origin. Similarly, a large portion (94%) of the total variation was found within the adaptation zones compared to among the adaptation zones (6%). The results suggest a weak differentiation of the sorghum material both on regional and agro-ecological bases, which could be ascribed to the high rate of outcrossing in cultivated sorghum and its free natural hybridization with its wild and weedy relatives, as well as to seed movement by humans. The average genetic dissimilarity was found to be 36% among the 80 accessions and 13% among the 15 regions of origin. Cluster analysis failed to group accessions of the same region or the same adaptation zone, which further confirmed the weak differentiation of the material studied. The clustering pattern of the regions of origin was broadly concordant with previous clustering patterns obtained using morphological characters, in which regions with broad agro-climatic conditions were grouped together.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008751721825
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inter-relation between descriptors and morphine yield in Asian germplasm of opium poppy Papaver somniferum (2000)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 47 (2000), S. 315-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: medicinal plant ; morphine yield ; opium poppy ; Papaver somniferum ; germplasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A set of 208 Indian and two Thai germplasm accessions of opium poppy Papaver somniferum were assessed for variation in 17 morphological characters, seed yield and content and yield of morphine from capsules and peduncles. The germplasm was found to be highly variable for all the characters evaluated. In the harvested peduncles and capsules, 13% was peduncle straw, 61% seeds and the rest capsule husk. The peduncle and capsule straw yields ranged between 0.6–2.2 and 1.4–5.3 g plant-1, respectively. Morphine content in the peduncle varied between about 0.001–0.24% and that in the capsule from 0.02 to 1.05%. On average basis morphine content in the capsule husk was more than 9-fold higher than the peduncle straw. The plant morphine yields from peduncles and capsules ranged between 1.2 and 28.6 mg plant-1. Four accessions yielded more than 20 mg of morphine plant-1. Among these, in one of the accessions about 13% of the morphine was contributed by the peduncle. The plants of high morphine yielding accessions were generally small in height, and bore white flowers and large sized ungrooved capsules with a small number of seeds, on a large peduncle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008752805362
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RAPD markers efficiently distinguish heterogenous populations of wild potato (Solanum) (2000)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 47 (2000), S. 115-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: diversity ; genebank ; germplasm ; potato ; RAPD ; Solanum sucrense
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Genetic characterization of germplasm is important for setting objective guidelines for conservation. One common problem found in genebanks is determining the value of populations with insufficient or unreliable data regarding their geographic origin. In this study, a genetic analysis based on RAPD markers was conducted to characterize a `mystery' population of Solanum sucrense, a polysomic tetraploid potato (2n=4x=48), for which adequate documentation was lacking. The comparative analysis of genetic similarities between this mystery population and each one of 30 other S. sucrense populations in the genebank revealed that all populations within this species, including the mystery population, are significantly different from being duplicates, and are therefore worthy of separate conservation. RAPD markers also distinguished the mystery population from closely related tetraploid species S. oplocense, S. gourlayi and S. tuberosum ssp. andigena, suggesting that it is also not a duplicate of a population of these species. If RAPDs can clearly differentiate populations within highly heterogeneous tetraploids like S. sucrense, they should be generally useful for determining germplasm organization within potato species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008725121904
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Northeast Brazil: A secondary center of diversity for watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) (2000)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 47 (2000), S. 207-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: Citrullus lanatus ; germplasm ; watermelon ; secondary center of diversity ; traditional farming
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Watermelon originated in Africa where its main diversity center is located. It was introduced to NE Brazil around three centuries ago by African slaves. The study of watermelon evolution after its introduction in NE Brazil indicated that three main factors have played their part: historical (slave trading and colonization of the region); genetical (seed dormancy, introgressive hybridization, fruit opening in the field, natural and artificial selection), and ecological (seed dispersal by animals, watermelon as source of water by farmers in the field, seed bank, different physical environments). These factors, solely or together, determined the selection, maintenance and amplification of the watermelon's genetic variability in the traditional farming of NE Brazil, on the basis of the farmers' fields as units for evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008723706557
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability for seed glucosinolates in a germplasm collection of the genus Brassica (2000)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 47 (2000), S. 231-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: Brassica ; genetic variability ; germplasm ; glucosinolate content ; glucosinolate profile ; near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A renewed interest in glucosinolates (GSLs) as compounds with biocidal and anticarcinogenic activity demands evaluation of the available variability in germplasm collections. The objective of the present study was to evaluate a germplasm collection of the genus Brassica for total content and profile of seed GSLs. A total of 1708 entries from 20 Brassica species were nondestructively analysed by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. The total GSL content and the concentrations of sinigrin, progoitrin, gluconapin, glucoerucin, glucoiberin, and 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin were estimated by means of previously developed calibration equations. One hundred and fifty entries, having either high GSL content or potentially interesting GSL profiles, were selected and further analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The collection contained great variability for GSL content and profile. Very high GSL contents (〉200 μmol g-1) were measured in accessions of B. montana, B. nigra, and B. oleracea. The greatest intraspecific variability occurred in B. oleracea, where six contrasting GSL profiles were identified. The detected variability might be useful for the development of Brassica crops containing high GSL content and specific GSL profiles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008793623395
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenotypic diversity for qualitative and phenologic characters in germplasm collections of tef (Eragrostis tef) (2000)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 47 (2000), S. 73-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: diversity ; Eragrostis tef ; germplasm ; tef
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A total of 3600 entries of tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] germplasm collections representing 36 populations from six regions of Ethiopia were evaluated for phenotypic diversity in six qualitative and phenologic characters. High values of Shannon–Weaver diversity index ( $${H'}$$ ) were recorded for most characters in each population. Monomorphism was high for anther color (purple) and panicle form (loose). Larger variances for $${H'}$$ were obtained among regions than among populations within a region from hierarchical analysis of variance. Significant (P〈0.05) to highly significant (P〈0.01) t-values were observed among $${H'}$$ values of some regions for seed color, panicle form and days to maturity. A substantial level of variance (P〈0.05) was obtained for populations within altitudinal zones only for days to maturity. Altitudinal zones exhibited similar levels of diversity across characters for these collections. Generally, considerable variations important for tef improvement work have been observed and regions with highest diversity for some traits have been suggested for future in situ or ex situ germplasm conservation works. Although similar mean diversity indices were obtained among regions, they were non overlapping.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008781022038
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Boron deficiency in lentil: Yield loss and geographic distribution in a germplasm collection (2000)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 219 (2000), S. 147-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: boron deficiency ; germplasm ; lentil ; micronutrient deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In a programme to improve the production of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus), germplasm was introduced into Nepal. However, the evaluation of exotic germplasm in the Chitwan region of Nepal revealed a striking micronutrient deficiency problem. Landraces from Nepal had no deficiency symptoms, whereas 82% out of 494 exotic accessions showed severe chlorosis and stunting. Boron (B) deficiency was revealed as the primary cause of the problem and the first limiting nutrient, because an exotic genotype, which exhibited the symptoms, yielded only 103 kg seed/ha, but produced 1367 kg seed ha with the application of 0.5 kg boric acid/ha, a 13-fold yield increase. There was also a significant but lower response in yield (20%) to applied Zn. Exotic germplasm from various countries showed differences in B-deficiency symptoms. Accessions from Syria, representative of the Mediterranean region where lentil originated, all exhibited B-deficiency symptoms. Accessions without B-deficiency symptoms were mainly from Bangladesh (37% accessions free of B deficiency). In a subsequent trial to estimate yield losses, landraces from Nepal, which exhibited no deficiency symptoms, were B efficient and gave a mean seed yield of 1173 kg/ha. In contrast, 10 exotic lines exhibited severe symptoms and gave no seed yield. In summary, the study revealed that, in soil low in B, striking genetic differences in B efficiency associated with geographic origin are apparent which may lead to complete yield loss in B-inefficient lentil germplasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004708700075
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of RFLP-based genetic diversity in germplasm pools of common wheat with different geographical or breeding program origins (2000)
    Springer
    Euphytica 115 (2000), S. 197-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: genetic diversity ; germplasm ; RFLP ; Triticum aestivum ; wheat breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A set of 292 accessions of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) representing 21 germplasm pools based on geographical or breeding program origins was assayed for RFLP diversity. Thirty cDNA and genomic DNA probes and the HindIII restriction enzyme were employed for RFLP analysis. About 61% of all 233 scored bands were present in 75% or more of the accessions. All but one of the 30 probes revealed polymorphism, and the average number of distinct patterns per probe over all accessions was 9.5.Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) values within a pool varied from 0 to 0.9 and depended on the identities of both the germplasm pool and the probe. Rare banding patterns with a relative frequency of ≤0.2 within a pool were detected. These rare patterns were more likely to occur in pools exhibiting high levels of heterogeneity. The highest level of polymorphism was observed in the Turkish landraces from Southwest Asia. The Eastern U.S. soft red winter wheat germplasm pool was more genetically diverse than the other advanced germplasm pools, and nearly as diverse as the Turkish landrace pool. RFLP-based genetic relationships between germplasm pools generally tracked expectations based on common geographical origin, breeding history and/or shared parentages. The Chinese wheat landraces from Sichuan, Tibet, and Yunnan provinces were distinct from other pools. Similarity matrices for among-pool genetic distance estimates based on either band frequencies or banding pattern frequencies showed good correlation with matrices derived from Nei and Li's mean genetic similarity estimates (r=−0.82** and r=−0.73**, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004022601879
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