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  • Coral reefs  (3)
  • Fisheries  (1)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • Surface physics, nanoscale physics, low-dimensional systems
  • CORDIO, University of Kalmar  (4)
  • 2015-2019  (4)
  • 1
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    East Africa – Summary. (2015)
    CORDIO, University of Kalmar | Kalmar, Sweden
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: East Africa’s coral reefs continue to recover slowly from the ENSO-induced coral bleaching and mortality of 998. However, fastest recovery has been recorded in reefs previously degraded from other threats such as fishing, and slowest in protected areas and on reefs that were less degraded before 998. Minor bleaching continues to affect reefs in the region, most notably in 2003, though with some reported in 2005, though mortality in both cases was limited to some vulnerable Pocillopora species. Interestingly, many Acropora species and Pocillopora damicornis, which suffered near 00% mortality in 998 showed low bleaching and mortality levels in 2003 and 2005. Ongoing increases in other threats continues, most notably fishing, Crown of Thorns outbreaks and now the effects of long term bioerosion related to high mortality in 998. Dynamite fishing is resurging in northern Tanzania. Social and management oriented research and monitoring are becoming increasingly common, and integrated with biological studies to provide more comprehensive assessments of the status of reefs, and recommendations for mitigating threats. The expansion of socio-economic monitoring through a collaborative programme focused on the GCRMN SocMon system started in 2005, for which CORDIO will serve as the regional coordinator. Greater integration of CORDIO’s activities has occurred in the last 2 years through the adoption of a resilience-based approach, combining research and monitoring projects and cutting across biological, socio-economic and management fields.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Coral reefs ; Coral bleaching ; Reef resilience ; Destructive fishing ; Socioeconomic monitoring
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Book Section , Not Known
    Format: pp.25-31
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  • 2
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    Coral Settlement Patterns in the Mombasa Marine National Park. (2015)
    CORDIO, University of Kalmar | Kalmar, Sweden
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Coral settlement patterns were measured at two sites in the Mombasa Marine National Park for a 2-year period from May 2001 to February 2003. Artificial settlement tiles were deployed for approximately 3-month periods and were collected in February, May, August and November of each year. The mean number of coral spat settled on collected tiles varied from 0.75 (± 0.79 s.d.) per tile in August 2001 to a maximum of 16.70 (± 7.53 s.d.) in November 2002, corresponding to mean densities of 8–740 m–2. The maximum number of spat recorded on a single tile was 38 (November 2002). Although peak settlement rates were recorded in November of each year, settlement was sufficiently variable between months and years to obscure a clear seasonal cycle. Settlement was highest at the study site with the best water flow and exchange with the open ocean. Pocilloporids (Pocillopora spp.) dominated settlement (76%), followed by poritids (19%), then ‘others’. Patterns suggest peak coral recruitment in September– November each year when water temperatures are increasing the fastest prior to reaching their seasonal maxima in March–April, but with substantial recruitment of pocilloporids and poritids throughout the year.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Coral reefs ; Marine parks ; Biological settlement ; Environmental degradation
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Book Section , Not Known
    Format: pp.167-183
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  • 3
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    Local Level Coral-Reef Fisheries Management in Diani-Chale, Southern Kenya: Current Status and Future Directions. (2015)
    CORDIO, University of Kalmar | Kalmar, Sweden
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The current regime of fisheries management and issues concerning the achievement of a more locally oriented system of fisheries management in Diani-Chale, southern Kenya are examined. Fisheries management in the area is characterized by a lack of strong government capacity for regulation, weakened local institutions, and an absence in the ability to exert control over the use of the fishery. Local level management requires the development and use of local institutions that can govern the use of fishery resources. The landing sites and associated fishing grounds constitute a socio-ecological unit and were identified to be the appropriate level at which many fishery management issues could be resolved. A more formal role for these entities, together with clarification of tenure of fishing grounds and support for the development and enforcement of local rules for the use of the fishery are essential actions that should be taken by government to enable more local level fisheries management. The socio-economic condition of fishers, the fear fishers have over the loss of landing sites, and the continued perception of the imposition of a marine reserve in the area pose barriers to initiatives seeking to further local level management. The need for a coordinated approach among agencies working on fisheries issues in the area is essential so as to avoid the erosion of social trust with local fishing communities.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Local level management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Book Section , Not Known
    Format: pp.174-183
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  • 4
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    Kenya – Coral Reef Resilience Studies. (2015)
    CORDIO, University of Kalmar | Kalmar, Sweden
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Activities supported by CORDIO in Kenya started in 1999, focusing on a long term coral reef monitoring programme in the Kiunga Marine Reserve to track recovery of reefs from the 1998 El Niño coral bleaching event (Obura, 1999). In addition, a range of biological studies were supported (Obura et al., 2000), including studies on temperature/UV interactions, benthic community structure, coral recruitment and bleaching, coral/zooxanthellae dynamics, macro- and micro-algal community structure and bio-erosion, many of them led by scientists from the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute. Community-based participatory monitoring activities started in 1997 in the Diani-Chale area of southern Kenya were also added to CORDIO’s portfolio, to facilitate raising awareness among resource users of the need for management, and to trial new techniques for generating data on coral reef status where resources and technical staff are limited. See reports in Linden and Sporrong (1999), Souter et al. (2000), Linden et al. (2002). At the end of 2004/beginning of 2005, CORDIO activities in Kenya included several long term monitoring initiatives and associated research projects to improve interpretation of the monitoring information. These are being integrated into a more unified structure to research the resilience of Kenya’s reef ecosystems in relation to thermal stress and mass bleaching impacts caused by global warming. This report outlines how the various components of CORDIO’s coral monitoring and research programme contribute to this overall structure of studying resilience.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Coral reefs ; Coral bleaching ; Coral recruitment ; Reef resilience ; Sea surface temperature
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Book Section , Not Known
    Format: pp.35-46
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