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  • bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general  (1,255)
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  • 2020-2024  (1,479)
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  • 201
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Optimum nutrition in pregnancy is important for the health and wellbeing of the mother and the developing child. Nutrition at this time influences the physiological development and metabolism of the foetus and has the potential to determine the future health and disease risk of the offspring. The nutritional status during pregnancy also influences the mother’s breast milk, her nutritional status for future pregnancies, and impacts on the burden of chronic disease worldwide. Determining optimal nutrition for different stages of pregnancy and measuring nutrient intake is challenging. Across the world and within communities, different dietary patterns have been identified and linked to health outcomes. Dietary patterns, rather than individual food constituents and nutrients, may have a greater influence on health. This Special Issue brought together global research on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes during pregnancy to further our understanding of the influence of diet on maternal and foetal/infant outcomes.
    Keywords: dietary patterns ; nutrition ; nutrient intake ; pregnancy ; dietary intake ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
    Language: English
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  • 202
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Amid challenging environmental conditions throughout their life cycle, plants display an extraordinary ability to sense, process, and respond to a diverse array of stimuli with adaptability. The complexity of their stress responses unfolds across various levels—physiological, biochemical, transcriptomic, and cellular—demanding a profound comprehension of the intricate mechanisms at work. These stresses intertwine, triggering cellular damage and initiating a cascade of responses within plants. Critical growth phases under severe stress encounter mechanical damage and alterations in cellular macromolecule synthesis. While plants possess inherent defense mechanisms against oxidative damage, excessive oxygen production overwhelms their detoxification capacity, leading to detrimental reactions like loss of osmotic responsiveness, wilting, and necrosis. This reprint undertakes a comprehensive analysis, exploring multiple perspectives such as gas exchange, metabolomics, proteomics, isotopic, and genomic approaches, to unveil the drivers and specific strategies that empower plants to adapt to stressful growth conditions. By examining trait selection, phenotypic plasticity, and other factors, this reprint uncovers the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying plant resilience amidst adversity. A valuable resource for scientists, academics, and professionals, this reprint unveils the mysteries of plant resilience and productivity, fostering innovative strategies for sustainable agriculture in our ever-changing world.
    Keywords: allelopathic potential ; chemical composition ; phenolics ; Acacia melanoxylon ; Lactuca sativa ; HPLC seedling growth Flavonoides ; Cadmium ; heavy metal ; food security ; oxidative damage ; antioxidants ; intercropping ; lodging tolerance ; agronomical management ; lignin metabolism ; resistance genes ; salinity ; Chenopodium quinoa ; biomass ; functional plant traits ; biochemical traits ; genotypes ; yield ; salt stress ; heat stress ; photosynthesis ; antioxidant enzymes ; HSPs ; QTLs ; omics ; rice ; nitrogen ; water stress ; drought ; antioxidant ; reactive oxygen species ; reactive nitrogen species ; canopy temperature ; water soluble carbohydrates ; stay green ; seed yield ; Camellia oleifera ; Arachis hypogaea ; soil nutritional status ; soil quality ; cropping pattern ; silvicultural methods ; sustainable production ; stable isotope ; isotopic composition ; C and N cycling ; vegetation type ; soil health ; nitric oxide ; salinity stress ; antioxidant system ; osmolytes ; photosystem II ; Na+/H+ antiporters ; Triticum aestivum L. ; weed suppression ; allelochemicals ; sorgoleone ; benzoquinone ; cropping systems ; Lathyrus odoratus ; seed priming ; seawater ; proline ; SiNPs ; wheat ; antioxidant capacity ; grain quality ; alveographic parameters ; alpha-lipoic acid ; cysteine ; biochar ; alkaline soils ; abiotic stress ; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; fatty acids ; Zea mays L. ; lowland rice ; terminal water stress ; grain yield ; stress indices ; stress tolerance ; bioactive ; desert ; irrigated ; flavonoid ; phenol ; phytochemistry ; n/a ; Hordeum vulgare ; stable isotope composition of carbon and nitrogen ; saline water stress ; isotope ecology ; yield stability ; ion homeostasis ; spinach ; paracetamol ; degradation ; growth parameters ; chlorophyll florescence ; photosynthetic pigments ; elements ; microbes ; bioethanol ; salt tolerance ; water deficit conditions ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; photosynthetic efficiency ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 203
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The demand for global fossil energy continues to be strong, meaning that the exploitation of oil and gas resources is still very important. In addition, due to the continuous reduction in conventional oil and gas recoverable resources, the development of unconventional oil and gas resources and geothermal energy has gradually become an important replacement. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the existing mechanism analysis, research methods and engineering technology to improve the production and development efficiency of oil, gas, and geothermal resources. This reprint presents 11 recent works on the application of new theories and technologies in oil, gas, and geothermal reservoirs. The content covers well-drilling, cementing, hydraulic fracturing, improved oil recovery, conformance control, and geothermal energy development. The new progress presented in this reprint will help scientists and researchers to better understand and master the latest theories and techniques for oil, gas, and geothermal reservoirs, which has important practical significance for the economical and effective development of oil, gas, and geothermal resources.
    Keywords: drilling ; unconventional oil and gas ; cuttings cleaning ; pulsed jet ; spontaneous imbibition ; hydraulic fracturing ; microfluidics ; tight rock ; adsorption dynamic ; Longmaxi shale ; Bangham model ; Freundlich model ; adsorption isotherm ; isostatic enthalpy ; fly ash ; steam channeling ; injection performance ; plugging depth ; heavy oil ; shale gas ; inorganic nanopore ; apparent permeability ; irreducible water ; percolation mechanism ; Knudsen number correction ; proppant dune ; proppant placement ; complicated fracture ; multiphase flow ; glutenite ; DEM ; stress heterogeneity ; fracture propagation ; supercritical multi-thermal fluid ; thermal recovery ; NMR ; oil well cement ; hydration ; retarder ; physical simulation ; sandstone reservoir ; rotary jet ; recharge efficiency ; unblocking ; permeability enhancement ; drilling and completion ; fracturing ; tight gas ; enhanced thermal recovery ; enhanced geothermal system ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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  • 204
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This Special Issue addresses both new scientific insights and technological advances of gluten-free product development exploring alternative ingredients for the development of gluten-free products aiming to mimic the unique viscoelastic properties of gluten as a gas retention ingredient during fermentation, water binding and enabler of starch gelatinization on baking, and a bread flavor enhancer via gluten-related proteases.
    Keywords: gluten-free ; bread ; Amorphophallus konjac ; baking ; celiac disease ; food additives ; sourdough ; microbiota ; lactic acid bacteria ; gluten-free bread ; plant proteins ; animal proteins ; microalgae ; optimized bread structure ; protein substitutes ; wheat gluten ; microwave reactor ; allergenicity ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; Alcalase ; techno-functional properties ; antioxidant activity ; sorghum ; resistant starch ; dietary fibers ; hydrocolloids ; dough rheological properties ; texture ; volume ; sensory ; glycemic index ; staling ; pasta ; gluten-free products ; bakery products ; cereals ; enzymes ; teff ; starter cultures ; pseudocereals ; wholemeal formulations ; low fructan ; sensory analysis ; ready-to-eat ; oilseeds ; spices ; chicory root ; bioactive compounds ; antioxidative activity ; gluten free snack ; extrusion ; low carb ; high protein ; high fiber ; cake ; biscuits ; flour mixes ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 205
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The primary objective of this book is to provide the current status of and new data on the molecular mechanisms affecting the efficacy of somatic cell cloning, but also insightful interpretations of the topical and coming trends in the exploration of genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic and proteomic profiles for nuclear donor cells, nuclear recipient oocytes and SCNT-derived embryos. Comprehensively deciphering the crucial molecular scenarios responsible for inter-genomic, inter-epigenomic, inter-transcriptomic and inter-proteomic communication within the framework of the aforementioned scenarios might be a milestone giving rise to the enhancements in the extra- and intracorporeal epigenetic reprogrammabilities of donor cell nuclei in nuclear-transferred oocytes, embryos, conceptuses and neonates. In turn, this might allow us to use SCNT-mediated ARTs in such research fields as biotechnology, transgenics, medicine, and biopharmacology, as well as scientific efforts targeted at designing the in vitro and in vivo models of molecular and epigenomic landscapes specific for inheritable and acquired disorders in humans and other mammalian species.
    Keywords: cloned mammalian embryo ; SCNT-derived progeny ; mtDNA ; nuclear–mitochondrial interaction ; epigenetic reprogrammability ; telomere shortening/attrition ; domestic goat ; somatic cell cloning ; SCNT-derived embryo ; genetically engineered specimen ; gene targeting ; genome editing ; biopharmacy ; biomedicine ; nutri-biotechnology ; genetically modified pig ; epidermal keratinocyte ; human α-1,2-fucosyltransferase ; human α-galactosidase A ; Galα1→3Gal epitope ; pig ; ovary ; putative stem cells ; nandrolone ; boldenone ; neoplastic transformation ; cloned dog ; brachygnathia inferior ; whole-genome sequencing ; Wnt signaling pathway ; equine ; dermal fibroblast cell ; sarcoid ; nucleofection ; oncogenic/neoplastic transformation ; RNA-Seq ; NGS ; transcriptome ; oocyte ; cumulus cells ; 3D in vitro maturation ; endocrine-active compounds ; molecular quality ; apoptotic cell death ; mitochondria ; mitophagy ; domestic horse ; dermal tissue ; molecular pathway ; ECM remodeling ; cell adhesion ; procancerous tumorigenesis ; RNA-seq ; swine ; trichostatin A ; epigenetic transformation ; ex vivo model ; tri-genetically modified ; ACFC line ; HLA-E ; rhα-Gal A ; rhα1,2-FT ; α-Gal antigenic determinant ; porcine skin xenograft ; equine chondrocytes ; 5-AZA-dc and TSA epigenetic modifiers ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 206
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Bioanalysis of endogenous substances, metabolites, and contaminants poisons is important in analyses of biological functions, metabolomics, forensic toxicology, patient diagnosis and biomonitoring of human exposure to hazardous chemicals. In these analyses, methods of sample preparation are essential for the isolation and concentration of target analytes from complex biological matrices. These processes, however, are time-consuming, labor-intensive and error-prone, and markedly influence the reliability and accuracy of determining target analytes. Thus, efficient sample preparation techniques and their integration with analytical methods have become significant. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a simple and convenient sample preparation technique that has enabled automation, miniaturization, high-throughput performance, and online coupling with analytical instruments. Moreover, SPME has reduced analysis times, as well as solvent and disposal costs.This reprint consists of 14 original, peer-reviewed papers for the Special Issue in the MDPI journal Molecules. The topics covered include headspace fiber SPME (HS-SPME) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), HS-in-needle microextraction GC-MS, thin film SPME liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), magnetic solid phase extraction LC-MS/MS, in-tube SPME LC-MS/MS and in-tube SPME LC-UV. Samples analyzed include plant-derived volatile organic compounds; body odor; metabolites in urine, plasma and saliva sample; and biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure in hair and environmental estrogens.
    Keywords: tobacco-specific nitrosamines ; hair ; exposure biomarkers ; in-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) ; liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) ; bioanalysis ; carbon materials ; HPLC–MS ; biological matrices ; solid-phase extraction ; sample preparation ; bladder cancer (BC) ; metabolomics ; solid phase microextraction (SPME) ; liquid chromatography ; mass spectrometry ; urine ; Myrtaceae ; native fruit ; volatile compounds ; sesquiterpenes ; body odor ; 2-nonenal ; wiping method ; pasting method ; solid-phase microextraction (HS–SPME) ; gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) ; passive smoking ; nicotine ; cotinine ; risk assessment ; headspace solid-phase microextraction ; Cerrado ; aroma ; volatile organic compounds ; Herpetospermum pedunculosum ; HS-SPME-GC-MS ; dioecious plant ; bud ; volatile compound ; multivariate statistical analysis ; green peach aphids ; VOCs ; parasitoids ; Aphidus colemani ; Aphelinus abdominalis ; cabbage ; cerrado ; Anacardiaceae ; aroeira ; biological properties ; virtual screening ; chemoinformatics ; volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ; headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) ; SPME-GC-MS ; stored-product insect pests ; Tribolium castaneum ; Rhyzopertha dominica ; Sitophilus granarius ; titanium wire ; superhydrophobic ; superhydrophilic ; in-tube solid-phase microextraction ; high-performance liquid chromatography ; sulfated steroid metabolites ; saliva ; online automated analysis ; in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) ; liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) ; stable isotope dilution ; human body odor ; GO:PANI/ZNRs/ZIF−8 ; response surface methodology ; needle-based adsorbent ; headspace-in needle microextraction ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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  • 207
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Reflexion wird als notwendig für die professionelle Entwicklung von Lehrer:innen und die Verbesserung von Unterricht angesehen, wenngleich aus theoretischer Sicht große Uneinigkeit über den Begriff selbst, den Reflexionsprozess und die damit verbundenen Kompetenzen herrscht. Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Entwicklung, Untersuchung und Weiterentwicklung eines Reflexionsmodells mit einem theoriebasierten, klaren Konzept des Reflexionsprozesses und einem passenden Anspruch an die Reflexionsleistung der Reflektierenden. Grundlage für die empirische Untersuchung waren N = 132 Selbstreflexionstexte von N = 22 Studierenden aus dem Praxissemester Physik. Zur Codierung der Texte wurden vier mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse entwickelte Manuale angewandt. Mit quantitativen Methoden wurden Zusammenhänge zwischen strukturellen Elementen, Begründungen, Inhalten und dem Qualitätsmerkmal Reflexionstiefe überprüft. Es zeigte sich ein "Überhang an Negativität": negative Bewertungen, negative Reflexionsauslöser und negative Inhalte hängen signifikant positiv mit größerer Reflexionstiefe zusammen. Auf Grundlage der empirischen Ergebnisse wurde das Reflexionsmodell mit externaler und internaler Zielorientierung (REIZ) entwickelt. Zudem wurde darauf aufbauend eine Definition für Reflexionstiefe in vier Argumentationsclustern formuliert. Für die Lehrkräftebildung wird der in REIZ dargestellte differenzierte Ansatz der Zielorientierung von Reflexion empfohlen.
    Keywords: Reflexion ; Reflexionsmodell ; Reflexionstiefe ; Reflexionsqualität ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::Y Children's, Teenage & educational::YQ Educational material
    Language: German
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  • 208
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: "Zeolites and Porous Materials: Applications in Catalysis and Adsorption Processes" provides a comprehensive exploration of the remarkable sphere of zeolites and porous materials, and their wide-ranging applications in catalysis and adsorption processes. Written by experts in the field, this Reprint offers a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, engineers, and students seeking to understand the fundamental principles, synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and cutting-edge applications of these materials. In addition to highlighting achievements and breakthroughs, this Special Issue Reprint addresses the current challenges and future directions in the field. It presents innovative strategies to overcome limitations and paves the way for new research and development opportunities. Furthermore, the Reprint emphasizes the significance of sustainability and green chemistry, demonstrating how zeolites and porous materials can contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future. Overall, "Zeolites and Porous Materials: Applications in Catalysis and Adsorption Processes" provides an up-to-date examination of zeolites and porous materials. With its diverse perspectives, and its emphasis on cutting-edge applications, this Reprint serves as an invaluable resource for anyone interested in understanding, utilizing, and pushing the boundaries of these exceptional materials.
    Keywords: zeolite ; vapor adsorption ; water harvesting ; heat and mass transfer ; bentonite ; methylene blue ; oxygen reduction reaction ; spent adsorbent ; zeolites ; drugs ; adsorption ; drug delivery systems ; theoretical approach ; Y zeolite ; porosity ; tetralin ; hydrocracking ; BTEX ; hierarchical zeolites ; fluorination ; siliceous ZSM-5 ; dealumination ; spent MTP catalyst ; ZSM-5 ; p-xylene ; n-hexane ; heteropoly acid ; thermogravimetric analysis ; ethanol conversion ; coke formation ; catalyst stability ; cesium salts ; zeolite-rich tuff ; phillipsite ; surfactant modification ; drug adsorption ; diclofenac ; biopolymers ; alginate ; carbon porous catalysts ; NH3-SCR ; copper cations ; acid sites ; NO3− species ; acrolein aminocyclization ; pyridine ; 3-picoline ; Brønsted/Lewis acid sites ; micro/mesoporous zeolites ; catalyst deactivation ; zeolites shaping technology ; binder-containing extrusion ; zeolitic monoliths ; binder effects ; binder-free shaping alternatives ; extrusion ; hierarchical SSZ-32 zeolites ; bifunctional catalysts ; n-hexadecane hydroisomerization ; Brønsted acidity distribution ; reaction pathways ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry
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  • 209
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Marine Drugs is very pleased to host a Special Issue in honour of Prof. Dr. Peter Proksch, who served as Editor in Chief for Marine Drugs from 2005 to 2009, for his excellent research contribution.
    Keywords: lipopeptides ; phthalide ; Cochliobolus lunatus ; absolute configurations ; AChE inhibitory ; Penicillium cyclopium ; marine sediment-derived fungus ; quinazoline alkaloid ; polyketide derivatives ; antibacterial activity ; deep-sea fungi ; deep-sea actinomycetes ; secondary metabolites ; bioactivity ; Aspergillus versicolor ; deep-sea-derived fungus ; polyketide ; antimicrobial activity ; antioxidant activity ; Penicillium oxalicum ; deep sea ; cold seep ; phenylhydrazone ; quinazoline ; sclerotiorin derivatives ; cytotoxic activity ; COX-2 inhibition ; molecular docking ; mangrove endophytic fungus ; Diaporthe sp. ; anti-inflammatory activity ; volatile organic compounds ; seaweeds ; characteristic VOCs ; chemotaxonomy ; biomedical utilization ; headspace solid phase microextraction ; Aspergillus oryzae ; marine fungus ; illudalane sesquiterpenes ; antiproliferative activity ; zebrafish toxicity ; marine polysaccharide ; drug delivery system ; nanocarrier ; cancer therapy ; mangrove endophytic fungi ; Phomopsis sp. ; chromenones ; immunosuppressive activity ; natural products ; chemical structures ; diketopiperazines ; biological activities ; Neosartorya spinosa ; Trichocomaceae ; marine sponge-associated fungus ; anthraquinones ; biphenyl ethers ; anti-tyrosinase ; antibiofilm activity ; marine environment drug ; natural compounds ; anticancer ; mechanisms of action ; Talaromyces sp. ; molecular networking ; sambutoxin ; polyketides ; α-glucosidase ; deep-sea ; fungus ; Penicillium solitum ; anti-tumor ; anti-food allergy ; marine sponge-derived fungus ; Neopetrosia chaliniformis ; Aspergillus nomius ; oxisterigmatocystin ; HT 29 colon cancer cells ; apoptosis cells ; cardiovascular diseases ; fibrinolytic enzymes ; marine microorganisms ; thrombolytic activity ; co-culture ; marine bacteria ; marine fungi ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 210
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This book, entitled “Smart Textile and Polymer Materials”, is dedicated to recent research and development regarding smart textiles and response-based polymer materials, including, but not limited to, fiber-based energy harvesting devices, energy storage devices, chromatic devices, color and shape changes, sensing, drug release, and ultraviolet resistant, electrically conductive, optical, hydrophobic and flame-retardant materials.
    Keywords: carbon fiber composite ; tensile strength ; laminate ; tensile property ; knitted fabrics ; strain sensors ; size prediction ; precise positioning ; human motion detection ; solid rocket motor case (SRMC) connector ; carbon fiber ; lay-up ; mechanical properties ; finite element ; knitted sensor ; equivalent resistance ; topology model ; volume resistance ; three-dimensional ; SEBS ; MWCNTs ; yarn ; dopamine ; strain sensor ; alginate fiber ; preparation method ; application properties ; characterization ; helical ; nonwoven ; curvature ; film thickness ; image ; transmission ; scattered photometric ; Kubelka-Munk ; Fe2O3 ; carbon nanofibers ; heterogeneous Fenton ; methyl orange (MO) ; LIBS ; CN band ; polymer ; nylon ; doped nylon ; molecular structure ; plasma parameters ; laser irradiance ; direct electrostatic deposition ; proton exchange membrane ; direct methanol fuel cell ; ultrathin membrane ; high power density ; fabric CAD ; irregular 3D yarn ; B-spline curve ; fabric structure ; key point mapping ; piezoelectric property ; polyacrylonitrile ; poly(vinylidene fluoride) ; ZnO nanorods ; electrospinning ; nitrogen doping ; small-sized graphene core-sheath ; graphene fiber ; supercapacitors ; polyvinylidene fluoride ; piezoelectric properties ; biomedicines ; energy ; photocatalysis ; metal-composite hybrid structure ; residual strain ; dynamic characteristic ; optical fiber sensors ; metal-CFRP-metal hybrid tube ; multiwalled carbon nanotubes ; acid treatment ; polyimide film ; physical-chemical properties ; melt-blowing ; coupled field ; annular die ; numeral calculations ; polyamide-imide ; structural construction ; air filtration ; binary aerogels ; electrospun polyacrylonitrile membranes ; fluorine-free hydrophobic modification ; amino functional modified polysiloxane ; in situ cross-linking reaction ; waterproof breathable ; personal cooling garments ; thermal comfort ; ice cooling ; phase change material cooling ; radiative cooling ; air cooling ; liquid cooling ; thermoelectric cooling ; energy conversion ; triboelectric nanogenerators ; 1D device ; woven ; knitted ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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  • 211
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: In recent years, researchers have shown a special interest in natural products as alternative methods for the prevention, treatment, and/or management of various skin illnesses and disorders, primarily due to their natural availability, efficacity, reduced cost, and minimal toxicity. In a similar vein, synthetic bioactives, as well as small molecules, have been studied in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical studies as potential drugs or supplements. This Special Issue of Nutrients comprises an array of literature reviews, original communications, and studies on the roles of natural products, synthetic bioactives, and small molecules in a variety of skin disorders and diseases, such as aging, atopic dermatitis, cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, melanoma, allergies, hyperpigmentation, inflammation, and more, which were investigated through in vitro and ex vivo approaches, preclinical trials, cell-based assays, and animal models. The mechanisms of action of certain compounds are proposed, while others are currently under investigation. The authors of the papers also explore technologies designed to improve the bioavailability and delivery of certain compounds. In lieu of ongoing research on a variety of skin disorders, the wealth of information published in this Special Issue can act as a springboard for the development of new preventive and therapeutic modalities for the management of skin diseases.
    Keywords: keratinocytes ; rutin ; ascorbic acid ; UV radiation ; proteomics ; 3D cell culture ; borage oil ; triacylglycerol metabolism ; acyl-ceramide ; corneocyte lipid envelope ; epidermis ; anti-melanogenesis ; B16/F10 melanoma cell ; hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid ; Sorghum bicolor ; 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine ; mycosis fungoides ; atopic dermatitis ; cutaneous lymphomas ; cornified envelope proteins ; FLG ; microalgae ; Planktochlorella nurekis ; skin cells ; proliferation ; senescence ; holothuroids ; glycosaminoglycans ; inflammation ; ear-inflammation ; whey ; Lactobacillus helveticus ; melanin ; α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone ; tyrosinase ; tyrosinase-related protein 1 ; dopachrome tautomerase ; microphthalmia-associated transcription factor ; cosmetics ; black cumin ; Nigella sativa ; Thymocid® ; skin aging ; glycation ; collagen ; collagenase ; elastase ; melanogenesis ; cosmeceutical ; konjac glucomannan ; ultraviolet B ; human epidermal primary melanocytes ; human embryonic fibroblasts ; anti-inflammatory activity ; antioxidant activity ; Cornus officinalis ; molecular docking ; human high-affinity IgE receptors ; α-MSH ; UVB irradiation ; lotus seedpod extract ; epigallocatechin ; propolis ; skin ; matrix metalloproteinase-1 ; UV ; phosphoinositide 3-kinase ; skin care ; skin health ; bioactive substances ; phytonutrients ; antioxidants ; nutraceuticals ; Perilla frutescens ; cell proliferation ; ultraviolet radiation ; DNA repair ; Lactobacillus plantarum CJLP55 ; acne vulgaris ; sebum ; hydration ; urine bacterial extracellular vesicles ; fungal infections ; nanohydrogel ; polysaccharide ; essential oils ; eggshell membrane ; keratinocyte differentiation ; TRPV ; skin thickness ; Lithospermum erythrorhizon ; NC/Nga ; Th1 ; Th2 ; Th17 ; Th22 ; immune balance ; skin barrier function ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 212
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue contains contributions from colleagues, former students and collaborators of the late Prof. Miron Amusia, who was a world-leading figure in theoretical atomic physics over the past half a century. The focus of this Special Issue is on many-electron and multiphoton atomic processes that are at the forefront of contemporary atomic and molecular physics. Special attention is given to the many-electron correlation problem and its interplay with strong field laser–atom interactions. These scientific advances represent the lasting legacy of Prof. Amusia and his school.
    Keywords: photoionization and photoelectron spectroscopy ; elastic and inelastic electron scattering ; many-electron correlations in atoms and solids ; encapsulated atoms and fullerens ; strong laser-atom interaction ; ultrafast processes and atto-second science ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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  • 213
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: Die Wölfe kehren zurück nach Deutschland - und mit ihnen auch die Konflikte zwischen Mensch und Wolf. Eine zentrale Rolle spielen dabei die Affekte, Atmosphären, Gefühle und Stimmungen, die ihre Rückkehr auslöst. Mit ethnografischen Mitteln untersucht Thorsten Gieser die komplexe Verflechtung von Natur und Gesellschaft im Anthropozän. Seine These: Die Wölfe bewegen und berühren uns in einer gemeinsamen Lebenswelt und stoßen damit einen Prozess an, uns als mehr-als-menschliche Gesellschaft neu zu denken. Er zeigt Wege zu einem konstruktiven Umgang mit Affekten auf, schlägt ein komplexes Verständnis von Wölfen als affektive Akteure vor und begreift somit das Mensch-Wolf-Verhältnis radikal neu.
    Keywords: Wolf ; Affekt ; Koexistenz ; Anthropozän ; Mensch ; Atmosphäre ; Stimmung ; Deutschland ; Lausitz ; Westerwald ; Jagd ; Wildtier ; Tier ; Human-animal Studies ; Kulturanthropologie ; Ethnologie ; Cultural Studies ; Kulturwissenschaft ; Affect ; Coexistence ; Anthropocene ; Human ; Germany ; Hunting ; Animal ; Cultural Anthropology ; Ethnology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues::JBFU Animals and society ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
    Language: German
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  • 214
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Dear Colleagues, Ruminant production systems are very important in many areas of the world and a key aspect of the economy and culture. Food quality is a complex term that includes, in addition to safety, such intrinsic characteristics as appearance, color, texture, and flavor, which are modified by both pre- and post-mortem factors. For this Special Issue, we included studies on any of these factors or preservation methods for improving the quality and shelf-life of meat. We also collected manuscripts on carcass development, quality, and valorization. We are interested in applied research and the interaction between pre- and post-mortem factors, e.g., nutrition and preservation methods for improving the quality and conservation of a carcass and meat, and methods for assessing carcass quality (ultrasound, image analysis, etc.). However, manuscripts related to the extrinsic characteristics (origin, quality labels, price, etc.) of a carcass or meat do not fall into the scope of this Special Issue.
    Keywords: lambs ; carcass characteristics ; meat quality ; vitamin E ; rosemary residue ; cinisara breed ; beef ; cured meat ; fat ; fermented sausage ; Pisum sativum ; fatty acids ; colour ; texture ; soybean ; carcass fatness ; image analysis ; prediction ; young bulls ; goat meat ; food safety ; E. coli ; preharvest management ; postharvest intervention ; buffalo ; carcass ; costs ; meat ; supplementation ; rearing system ; tissue composition ; breed ; lipogenesis ; GPAT1 ; SNAP23 ; fatty acid composition ; Hanwoo steer ; Cape Lob Ear ; Cape Speckled ; Boer Goat ; meat goat breeds ; meat tenderness ; meat colour ; collagen ; chevon ; Onobrychis viciifolia ; condensed tannins ; performance ; plasma metabolites ; meat color ; beef cattle ; Angus bulls ; growth rate ; crossbred Holstein ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint covers a wide range of topics including, but not limited to, new analytical and bioanalytical methods relevant to the separation, identification, and determination of substances in pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, nanobiotechnology, clinical chemistry, and related disciplines; methods for the identification of bioactive compounds in functional foods and medicinal plants; applications of chromatography and allied techniques in biomedical sciences.
    Keywords: wild rice ; antioxidant ; macroporous resins ; LC-MS/MS ; phenolics ; procyanidins ; osimertinib ; UPLC-TOF-MS ; rat ; pharmacokinetics ; carbonyl derivatization ; phenylhydrazine ; phenylenediamine ; hydroxylamine ; water analysis ; lipoxidation ; lisdexamfetamine dimesylate ; impurities ; structural elucidation ; forced degradation ; HPLC validation ; chemical constituent profiles of Sinisan ; chinese medicine processing ; chinese medicinal formula compatibility ; Dendropanax morbifera leaf ; xanthine oxidase ; hyperuricemia ; HPLC ; advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) ; Nε-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) ; Nε-(carboxyethyl) lysine (CEL) ; antler velvet processing ; UPLC-MS/MS ; Cinnamomum yabunikkei leaf ; elastase ; Citrus junos Seib ex TANAKA ; rhKGF-1 ; rhKGF-2 ; bioactivity ; cell-based bioassay ; method validation ; CYP450 enzyme ; cocktail probe drug ; RT-PCR ; galangin ; affecting factors ; amadori compound ; furosine ; Maillard reaction ; velvet antler processing ; Brazilian green propolis ; phenolic acids ; UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS ; quantitation ; methodological verification ; Glycyrrhizae Radix extract ; glycyrrhizin ; isoliquiritigenin ; liquiritigenin ; liquiritin ; LC–MS/MS analysis ; desoxo-narchinol A ; Nardostachys jatamansi ; bioavailability ; silybin ; silymarin product ; comparative pharmacokinetics ; ginsenosides ; red ginseng extract ; human ; acanthus ilicifolius herb ; phenylethanoid glycosides ; C.tricuspidata Bureau ; tyrosinase ; dialyzable leukocyte extract ; Transferon® ; complex mixture of peptides ; quality specifications ; biological potency ; development and validation ; Dioscorea nipponica Makino ; steroidal saponin ; HPLC-UV ; UPLC-QTOF/MS ; validation ; osteosarcoma ; apoptosis ; epinastine ; comparison ; SH-1242 ; 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(5-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromen-6-yl)ethanone ; HPLC-MS/MS ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: The reprint provides an overview of recent applications of both chemometrics and spectrometric techniques to target current issues associated with food authenticity, traceability, as well as modern approaches on the analysis of food ingredients and products.
    Keywords: saliva ; spectroscopy ; satiety ; satiation ; chemometrics ; edible oils ; Raman ; photoluminescence ; FTIR ; thermal conductivity ; PCA ; 2DCOS ; saponification value ; 1H-NMR spectroscopy ; tributyrin ; dairy fat ; vegetable oils ; dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction ; HS-SPME ; flavor enhancer ; seafood ; GC-MS ; whisky ; elemental analysis ; ICP-MS ; ICP-OES ; CV-AAS ; spirits ; metals ; NIRS ; specialty coffee ; PLS models ; maple syrups ; adulteration ; FT-IR ; bourbon barrel aged ; authentication ; fake ; CVAAS ; principal component analysis ; alcohol aging ; isotope ratios ; carcass ; classification ; goat meat ; infrared ; exotic species ; similarity index ; meat ; NIR ; LIBS ; food fraud ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue aims to bring together the various aspects of plant cell tissue and organ culture with a special emphasis on the production of phytochemical compounds, considered therapeutically valuable for their antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Secondary metabolites play a key role in the diverse defense mechanisms of the plant organism in response to environmental stimuli, such as climatic fluctuations, pathogenic organisms, predatory herbivores, and competing plants. Therefore, by providing the opportunity for controlled modifications of environmental conditions, in vitro culture is an easy-to-manage experimental system that can be utilized as a source of secondary metabolites for industrial applications, as well as for food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical purposes. This Special Issue will highlight the modern use of different plant cell tissue and organ culture approaches for successfully producing plant secondary metabolites, particularly those with high economic value.
    Keywords: auxin ; Bidens pilosa ; cytokinin ; callus ; chlorogenic acids ; organogenesis ; phenolics ; secondary metabolites ; shoot culture ; HPLC ; bellidifolin ; osmotic stress ; anthocyanins ; meta-topolin ; micropropagation ; Rheum ; soluble sugars ; sucrose concentration ; Daucus carota ; carotene ; nitrate ; ammonium ; somatic embryogenesis ; Lycium schweinfurthii ; genetic stability ; ISSR-PCR ; RAPD-PCR ; SDS-PAGE ; HPTLC ; DPPH ; ABTS ; roseroot ; in vitro culture ; design of experiments ; nitrogen source ; plant growth regulator ; methyl jasmonate ; phenolic compound ; histochemistry ; shoot proliferation ; polyphenols ; antioxidant activity ; essential oils ; HS-SPME ; GC-MS ; PCA ; HCA ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Transportation, logistics, and supply chain systems and networks constitute one of the pillars of modern economies and societies. From sustainable traffic management in smart cities or air transportation to green and socially responsible logistics practices, many enterprises and governments around the world have to make decisions that affect the efficiency of these complex systems. Typically, optimization algorithms are employed to deal with these challenges, and simulation approaches are utilized when considering scenarios under uncertainty. However, better results might be achieved by hybridizing both optimization algorithms with simulation techniques to deal with real-life transportation, logistics, and SCM challenges, which often are large-scale and NP-hard problems under uncertainty conditions. Hence, simheuristic algorithms (combining metaheuristics with simulation) as well as other simulation optimization approaches constitute an effective way to support decision makers in such complex scenarios. This reprint presents a collection of selected articles on simulation optimization in transportation, logistics, and supply chain management. The reprint is strongly connected to the topics covered in the Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) track on logistics, transportation, and SCM, which includes a stream in simheuristic algorithms as well.
    Keywords: omnichannel retail stores ; vehicle routing problem ; pick-up and delivery ; biased-randomized heuristics ; simheuristics ; scheduling ; uncertainty ; discrete event simulation ; hybrid flow shop ; scrap ; local search ; tabu search ; machine qualifications ; clustering ; shortest processing time ; maritime transportation ; liner network design ; synchronization ; weather uncertainty ; optimization simulation ; discrete-event simulation ; simulation-based optimization ; assignment problem ; neighborhood search ; warehouse ; nonlinear-flight-mechanics ; neural networks ; guidance, navigation, and control ; machine learning ; model ; matlab-simulink ; stochastic project scheduling ; genetic algorithm ; composite priority rules ; agent-based simulation ; horizontal cooperation ; e-groceries ; optimization ; simulation ; logistics ; distribution networks ; container terminal ; meta-heuristic ; horizontal transportation ; hyper-parameter optimization ; hybrid modeling ; system dynamics ; facility location Problems ; Monte Carlo simulation ; automated parcel lockers ; last-mile delivery ; location routing problem ; heuristics ; fuzzy logic ; dockless bike-sharing system ; Markovian queueing network ; relocation ; unequal demand ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Electron collision physics covers a broad range of processes in atoms and molecules. Understanding these processes can be achieved via experimental and theoretical investigations that support and challenge each other. The last few decades have been witness to tremendous progress in both the computational and experimental techniques applied to study and model electron-driven processes. Access to modern supercomputer facilities has allowed for the computational modelling of collision processes involving complex atoms and molecules; in turn, this allows for a sophisticated modelling and the diagnostic assessment of various plasmas. Applications of electron collision physics range from fusion, precision measurement and attoclocks to radiation damage and biomedical research. This volume collates diverse applications of collision physics, highlighting the importance and power of theoretical and computational techniques while also presenting new experiments which disclose exciting new developments in collision processes.
    Keywords: TDCS ; weighted and average sum ; DWBA ; PCI ; correlation polarization ; electron scattering ; chemical model ; simulation ; rate equations ; electron energy distribution ; elastic scattering ; semiempirical potentials ; shape resonances ; relativistic all-order method ; magic wavelength ; tune-out wavelength ; dipole polarizability ; angular time delay ; ASW potential ; cross section ; tin atom ; ionisation ; electron impact excitation ; coupled-cluster theory ; electric polarizabilities ; electrons ; molecules ; cross-sections ; dynamics ; electron ionization ; absolute cross sections ; molecular processes—ISM: molecules ; Ar and Ar+ collisional radiative model ; relativistic distorted wave theory ; electron-impact excitation cross-sections ; argon plasma ; optical emission spectroscopy ; collisional radiative modeling ; RF plasma ; magnetron discharges ; pulsed gas injection ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG
    Publication Date: 2023-08-07
    Description: Despite the cessation of coal mining in 2018, the Ruhr area continues to be of considerable importance for the German energy supply. The study uses statistical data to discuss the development since the mid-19th century. The focus is on the historical energy turns triggered by coal, electricity supply, oil and natural gas and the associated processes of change. Another focus, also with topical relevance, is on the nearly one hundred years of experience in the hydrogen economy as the basis of the chemical industry. Thus, for the first time, it offers a synthesis of the diverse energy-economic relationships within the region.
    Description: Published
    Description: Trotz der Einstellung des Steinkohlenbergbaus 2018 besitzt das Ruhrgebiet weiterhin eine erhebliche Bedeutung für die deutsche Energieversorgung. Die Studie diskutiert anhand statistischer Daten die Entwicklung seit Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts. Im Vordergrund stehen die durch Kohle, Elektrizitätsversorgung, Erdöl und Erdgas ausgelösten historischen Energiewenden und die damit verbundenen Wandlungsprozesse. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt liegt, ebenfalls mit aktuellem Bezug, auf den annähernd hundertjährigen Erfahrungen im Bereich der Wasserstoffwirtschaft als Grundlage der chemischen Industrie. Damit bietet es erstmals eine Synthese der vielfältigen energiewirtschaftlichen Beziehungen innerhalb der Region.
    Keywords: 19th century ; 19. Jahrhundert ; chemische Industrie ; chemical industry ; Deutschland ; coal ; coal mining ; Elektrizitätsversorgung ; electricity supply ; Energieregion ; energy industry ; Energieversorgung ; Energiewende ; energy region ; Energiewirtschaft ; energy supply ; energy transition ; Erdgas ; Germany ; Erdöl ; hydrogen economy ; Kohle ; natural gas ; Ruhrgebiet ; petroleum ; Statistik ; Ruhr area ; Steinkohlenbergbau ; statistics ; Synthese ; Wandlungsprozesse ; synthesis ; transformation processes ; Wasserstoffwirtschaft ; KZC ; KNB ; 3JJ ; 1DFG ; 3JH ; 3JM
    Language: German
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint collects works which stimulate and spread the latest knowledge on energy in construction and building materials, providing the basis for new ideas on various topics for young investigators as well as leading experts in the field of Materials Science and Engineering. The collection features fifteen research papers and one review study. The main research aim covers the topic of thermal energy storage in construction and building components.
    Keywords: energy sustainability ; thermal insulation ; rapeseed ; woodchips ; bio-waste ; thermal transmittance ; un/steady conditions ; VOC emission ; electrical conductive concrete ; multifunctional composite ; conductive filler ; graphene nanoplatelets ; dielectric properties ; electric properties ; glass in building ; insulating glass units ; heat loss in buildings ; climatic loads ; hemp–lime composite ; thermal conductivity ; low-energy buildings ; specific energy absorption ; natural fiber ; thermal-energy storage ; enthalpy method ; apparent calorific capacity method ; recycled brick aggregates ; meso-scale ; PCMs ; paraffin waxes ; Stefan Problem ; coal bottom ash ; unit weight ; compressive strength ; ultrasonic velocity ; thermal-energy storage (TES) ; phase change materials (PCMs) ; latent enthalpy ; melting temperature ; differential scanning calorimetry ; IEA method ; multilayered walls ; building envelopes ; non-linear optimization ; genetic algorithms ; drying and wetting ; hygrothermal performance ; Polyisocyanurate board ; moisture content ; thermal performance ; vapor permeability ; energy efficiency ; cement-lime mortar ; experimental characterization ; climatic conditions ; heat flux ; extruded polystyrene ; pyrolysis ; kinetic model ; thermal degradation ; reaction mechanism ; AHP ; carbon fibres ; conductivity ; geopolymers ; LCA ; sustainability ; thermal storage ; energy saving with materials ; energy storage ; thermal diffusivity ; lime mortar ; iron (III) oxide ; phase change material ; melting ; latent heat thermal energy storage ; Taguchi method ; optimization ; double skin ; environmental profile ; material passport ; kinetic façade ; wooden façade ; paraffin ; fatty acid ; hydrate salts ; butyl stearate ; encapsulation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The most important class of polymers is block copolymers (BCPs) since they can be prepared through different methods and exhibit various properties combined with chemically different segments. The importance of block copolymers can be supported by the multitude of related manuscripts published daily, their use in practical applications in almost all areas, and novel discoveries based on BCPs in many aspects of life. This Special Issue focuses on various matters from different areas of block copolymer research, showing advances and applications in self-assembly, crystallization, synthesis, chemical modification, 3D printing, membranes, energy materials, nanotechnology, hybrid materials, micelles, order–disorder transition, and biomaterials.
    Keywords: poly(4-vinylpyridine) ; poly(N-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium iodide) ; quaternization ; solvatochromism ; preferential solvation ; optical energy gap ; nanonetwork ; block copolymer ; modifier ; templated polymerization ; energy dissipation ; polylactides ; stereocomplexation ; anionic polymerization ; ring-opening polymerization ; triblock terpolymers ; silica ; amphipathic ; adsorption ; Cr(VI) ; phenol ; topology ; star-block copolymer ; polymerization-induced self-assembly ; general self-assembly ; propylene-butene copolymers ; α and γ forms ; metallocene catalysts ; melt-crystallization ; isotactic polypropylene ; copolymers ; role of defects excluded from crystals ; self-assembly ; nanochannels ; membranes ; energy conversion ; collagen ; polyacrylamide ; tributylborane ; hybrid copolymer ; cytotoxicity ; block copolymer template ; porous carbon fibers ; hierarchical pores ; supercapacitor ; double hydrophilic block copolymers ; porphyrins ; polyion complex micelles ; photosensitizers ; hybrid materials ; conjugated copolymers ; rGO ; HOMO ; LUMO ; indacenothiophene ; indacenothienothiophene ; cyclic voltammetry ; acrylic block copolymer ; Flory–Huggins interaction parameter ; thermoplastic elastomer ; small-angle X-ray scattering ; diblock copolymer ; Landau analysis ; weak segregation regime ; upper order-disorder transition ; lower disorder-order transition ; barotropicity ; baroplasticity ; block copolymers ; 3D printing ; 4D printing ; biomaterials ; scaffolds ; tissue engineering ; low molecular weight triblock terpolymers ; hydroboration/oxidation reactions ; modification of PB1,2 ; high χ terpolymers ; asymmetric interactions ; double gyroid ; polymer brushes ; wettability ; biobased ; epoxy ; nanostructuring ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry
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    Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: The European Union is in a crisis of the rule of law which is the subject of manifold conflicts between the EU and some of its Member States. While many analyses of the crisis take a legal view, this volume expands the focus and multiplies the perspectives, bringing together views from different disciplines, countries and from outside academia with an empirical focus on Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic within the EU. The analyses provide readers with a lot of valuable expertise about the rule of law and judicial independence in the countries under study. With contributions by Dr. Lisa H. Anders | Dr. Adam Bodnar | Dr. Joachim Herrmann | Bettina Limperg | Prof. Dr. Astrid Lorenz | Katja Meier | Jan Němec, Ph.D. | Prof. Dr. Wojciech Piątek | Didier Reynders | Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Klaus Rennert | Prof. Dr. Werner Reutter | Prof. Dr. Anne Sanders | Prof. Dr. Dr. Ivo Šlosarčík, LL.M. | Prof. Dr. Mattias Wendel
    Description: Published
    Description: Die EU befindet sich in einer Krise der Rechtsstaatlichkeit, die Gegenstand vielfältiger Konflikte zwischen der EU und einigen ihrer Mitgliedstaaten ist. Während viele Analysen der Krise einen juristischen Blickwinkel einnehmen, erweitert dieser Band den Fokus und vervielfältigt die Perspektiven, indem er Ansichten aus verschiedenen Disziplinen, Ländern und von außerhalb der Wissenschaft mit einem empirischen Schwerpunkt auf Deutschland, Polen und der Tschechischen Republik innerhalb der EU zusammenbringt. Die Analysen liefern den Leser:innen viel wertvolles Wissen über Rechtsstaatlichkeit und richterliche Unabhängigkeit in den untersuchten Ländern. Mit Beiträgen von Dr. Lisa H. Anders | Dr. Adam Bodnar | Dr. Joachim Herrmann | Bettina Limperg | Prof. Dr. Astrid Lorenz | Katja Meier | Jan Němec, Ph.D. | Prof. Dr. Wojciech Piątek | Didier Reynders | Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Klaus Rennert | Prof. Dr. Werner Reutter | Prof. Dr. Anne Sanders | Prof. Dr. Dr. Ivo Šlosarčík, LL.M. | Prof. Dr. Mattias Wendel
    Keywords: Deutschland ; conflicts ; Europäische Union ; crises ; Konflikte ; Czech Republic ; Krisen ; European Union ; Mitgliedstaaten ; Germany ; LNA ; 1DFG ; 1DVK
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens currently represents a serious threat to public health and the economy. Due to antibiotic treatments in humans and veterinary medicine, prophylactic use and environmental contamination, bacteria are today more frequently exposed to unnatural doses of antibiotics and their selective effect.Antibiotic resistance can be encoded on chromosomes, plasmids, or other mobile genetic elements in bacteria. It may also result from mutations that lead to changes in the affinity of antibiotics for their targets or in the ability of antibiotics to act on bacterial growth or death. Exposure of bacteria, bacterial populations, and microbial communities to antibiotics at different concentrations shapes their genomic dynamics, as does the mobilisation and spread of resistance determinants. It is, therefore, essential to understand the dynamics and mobilisation of genes encoding antibiotic resistance, in human, animal, plant, and environmental microbiomes, through genomic and metagenomic approaches and bioinformatics analyses.This Special Issue gathers research publications on the horizontal transfer of antibiotic-resistance genes, their dissemination and epidemiology, their association with bacterial virulence, between bacterial genotypes and their phenotypes, and other related research topics.
    Keywords: antimicrobial ; drug resistance ; pan-genome ; multilocus sequence typing ; nosocomial infections ; MDR P. aeruginosa ; titanium dioxide nanoparticles ; biofilm ; efflux pumps ; quorum-sensing system ; real-time polymerase chain reaction ; MDR E. coli ; ESBLs ; MBLs ; MAR index ; Francisella tularensis ; resazurin ; DipA ; PilD ; tularemia ; antibiotic ; resistance ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; colistin ; carbapenems ; multidrug resistant ; WGS ; KPC-70 ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; ceftazidime/avibactam resistance ; KPC-3 ; ST13 ; KPC-variant ; hypermucoviscosity ; hypervirulence ; Portugal ; comparative genomic analysis ; CA-MRSA ; EMRSA-15 ; PVL-positive ; ST22 ; N. gonorrhoeae ; fluoroquinolone ; AMR ; ciprofloxacin ; Mycobacteroides abscessus ; tigecycline ; genetic determinants ; WhiB7 ; SigH ; RshA ; antimicrobial resistance ; hvKP ; K2 capsule ; ST14 ; fimbrial proteins ; aerobactin ; antibiotic resistance ; virulence ; plasmid ; Integrative and Conjugative Element ; co-selection ; genomics ; evolution ; S. Infantis ; multidrug-resistance ; blaCTX-M-65 ; fosA3 ; heavy-metal resistance ; pESI-like megaplasmid ; whole-genome sequencing ; ST213 worldwide strains ; genomic databases ; antibiotic resistance plasmids ; Typhimurium ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This Special Issue on MNEs, sustainability, and innovation contains a collection of 13 papers that address several subjects that are on related themes. The authors of these contributions study the boundaries of the previous literature on these relevant topics by providing insightful findings and review, as well as proposals for future research ideas in various contexts. For this Special Issue, we invited both conceptual and (qualitative and quantitative) empirical articles, as well as literature reviews and meta-analysis articles from a range of fields; these included not only business and management, but also sociology, political science, psychology, economics, and economic geography, among others.
    Keywords: multinational ; enterprise ; foreign ; direct ; investment ; sustainability ; innovation ; sustainable ; international ; business ; practices ; corporate ; social ; and ; environmental ; responsibility ; human ; resources ; emerging ; frontier ; markets ; advanced ; markets/countries ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This reprint brings together articles that have investigated certain aspects of phytoremediation or that have tested new methodologies related to this technique, helping to broaden the horizon of knowledge on a subject that is so important today.
    Keywords: petroleum contamination ; Enterobacter ; Pseudomonas ; Hordeum vulgare L. ; plant hormones ; chlorophyll ; flavonoids ; nitrogen balance index ; proline ; bio-concentration factor ; enrichment factor ; geo-accumulation index ; metal contamination ; phytoremediation ; water quality ; phenol ; phenolic compounds ; biodegradation ; phycoremediation ; algae ; hazardous pollutant ; soil metal remediation ; metallophytes ; hyperaccumulators ; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ; phytoextraction ; potentially toxic elements ; germanium ; rare earth elements ; bioinoculants ; heavy metals ; phytochelatins ; pollution ; macrophytes ; nutrient pollution ; pH control ; nitrate removal ; Lemna minor ; nitrogen to proton ratio ; bacteria ; bioremediation ; biotechnology ; desalination ; halophytes ; salt resistance ; anthropogenic litter ; wastewater ; microalgal strains ; photosynthetic pigments ; biostimulants ; pollutants ; plant stress ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology::TQK Pollution control
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), posing a new challenge to the medical care of solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Due to the relatively small number of studies in SOT recipients suffering from COVID-19, the natural course of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, optimal treatment strategies including modification of immunosuppressive therapy and the prognosis in COVID-19 in these patients is incompletely understood. The current Special Issue aimed to fill some of the knowledge gaps and highlight some recent advances in the management of SOT patients during the pandemic. The call for manuscripts had been addressed to healthcare professionals involved in SOT patient care. We welcomed comprehensive reviews, original studies, interesting case series or case reports and commentaries relating to this topic.
    Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 ; coronavirus ; immunosuppression ; tacrolimus ; corticosteroids ; mycophenolate mofetil ; hyperinflammation ; cytokine storm ; pandemic ; transplantation ; Lung Transplantation ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus ; norovirus ; treatment ; hypothesis ; cytokine storm syndrome ; FK506 ; cyclosporine ; myocarditis ; pediatric heart transplantation ; viral infection ; dexamethasone ; remdesivir ; hemodialysis ; transplant ; kidney ; PCR ; infection ; transplant recipients ; inflammation ; survival ; n/a ; solid-organ transplant ; unvaccinated ; lung transplantation ; fibrosis ; phenotype hypothesis ; lung transplant recipients ; immunocompromised ; breakthrough infections ; chronic lung allograft dysfunction ; community-acquired respiratory viral infection ; CLAD hypothesis ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Contemporary research has been enriched by new directions in which light plays a key role as a tool for the modulation of cellular activity and the invasive monitoring of intracellular ions and other components. The progress in molecular biology, imaging techniques and other modern technologies has led to the emergence of three main areas in which light is the main tool: optogenetics, photopharmacology, and optosensorics. The main advantages of these approaches are the possibilities to investigate the functions of cells; modulate the activity of ion channels, synaptic transmission and neuronal circuits; measure concentrations of ions and other cellular components; and even control the behaviour of organisms.Due to the development of these powerful molecular and genetic tools, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the functioning of the nervous system has greatly advanced. This reprint is intended to highlight the latest advances in these areas with a primary focus on light-based analysis and control of neuronal functions.
    Keywords: parietal association cortex ; fear memory ; c-fos ; calcium activity ; transgenic mice ; two-photon imaging ; neuromuscular junction ; neurotransmitter release ; acetylcholine ; nicotinic receptor ; calcium channel ; calcium transient ; Parkinson′s disease ; α-synuclein ; neurogenesis ; neural stem cell ; neural progenitor cell ; astrocyte ; optogenetics ; astrocytes ; hippocampal neurons ; patch-clamp ; channelrhodopsin-2 ; opto-α1-adrenoreceptor ; photopharmacology ; photoswitchable ligands ; ion channels ; voltage-gated ion channels ; ligand-gated ion channels ; homology modeling ; molecular docking ; molecular dynamics ; enhanced sampling ; genetically encoded biosensors ; optopharmacology ; intracellular pH ; intracellular chloride ; brain slices ; pH and Cl− transporters ; Ca2+ indicators ; calcium in vivo imaging ; place cells ; place fields ; cognitive maps ; ENaC ; phosphoinositides ; PIP2 ; optogenetic ; CRY2 ; sodium channel ; CoroNa Green ; azobenzene ; behavior ; brainwave ; dopamine ; GPCR ; in vivo electrophysiology ; photochromism ; photoswitch ; zebrafish ; neural plasticity ; tropomyosin kinase receptor B ; parvalbumin-positive interneurons ; calcium/calmodulin positive pyramidal neurons ; V1/visual cortex ; multiple regression with interaction and simple slopes analysis ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Nature has represented and still represents a great pool of biologically active compounds and, at the same time, is a source of inspiration. In the first phase, the researchers turned their attention to the new compounds isolated from plants and their characterization in terms of their beneficial effects on human health. Recently, however, there have been extensive studies on the synthesis of compounds analogous to plant-derived compounds in order to prevent or treat diseases such as diabetes, obesity, chronic liver diseases, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and so on. One of the mechanisms involved in the beneficial effect on human health is represented by plant-derived compounds’ anti-inflammatory effects.
    Keywords: anti-inflammatory ; antitussive ; cytoprotection ; gastric ulcer ; M. parviflora ; mucilage ; inflammatory bowel diseases ; botanicals ; biomimetic chromatography ; shake-flask method ; immobilized artificial membrane ; plasma protein binding ; Japanese Ardisia ; autoimmune hepatitis ; network pharmacology ; molecular docking ; underlying mechanism ; costunolide ; immune-mediated liver injury ; PI3K-AKT ; SRC ; IGF1R ; Taraxacum officinale ; cardioprotective ; antioxidant ; polyphenols ; cichoric acid ; natural compounds ; inflammation ; toxins ; snake venoms ; serine protease ; Cdtsp-2 ; Kunitz-type inhibitor ; Crotalus durissus terrificus ; Margaritaria nobilis ; natural products ; medicinal plants ; toxicity ; nociception ; pain ; antinociceptive ; inflammatory pain ; microglial activation ; microglia ; neuroinflammation ; Sorbus intermedia ; terpenoids ; benign prostatic hyperplasia ; antiproliferative activity ; antiandrogenic activity ; anti-inflammatory activity ; fruits ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAL Forestry & related industries
    Language: English
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2023-11-16
    Description: Geburtenzahlen und Migration als Untergangsmythos: Der »große Austausch« hat sich in den vergangenen Jahren zur wohl wichtigsten sinnstiftenden Erzählung der sogenannten Neuen Rechten entwickelt. Nadja Kutscher macht anhand einer Analyse einschlägiger Texte deutlich, wie auf vermeintlicher Faktenbasis mit rassistisch-sexistischen Markern ein Volksaustausch konstruiert wird. Der rassifizierte Feind erscheint hier als Gefahr für das deutsche Volk und die deutsche Frau. Es wird deutlich: Ziel dieses Narrativs ist nicht die Rettung eines - selbst in den Augen der Neurechten rein illusionären - deutschen Volkes, sondern die Zementierung von Grenzen und Verachtung.
    Keywords: Neue Rechte ; Extreme Rechte ; Großer Austausch ; Rassismus ; Sexismus ; Mythos ; Volk ; Volksaustausch ; Deutschland ; Migration ; Postkolonialismus ; Rechtsextremismus ; Politische Ideologien ; Migrationspolitik ; Politikwissenschaft ; New Right ; Extreme Right ; Great Exchange ; Racism ; Sexism ; Myth ; People's Exchange ; Germany ; Postcolonialism ; Right-wing Extremism ; Political Ideologies ; Migration Policy ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPF Political ideologies::JPFQ Fascism & Nazism ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSL Ethnic studies
    Language: German
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Micromixers are an important component in micrototal analysis systems and lab-on-a-chip platforms which are widely used for sample preparation and analysis, drug delivery, and biological and chemical synthesis. The Special Issue "Analysis, Design and Fabrication of Micromixers II" published in Micromachines covers new mechanisms, numerical and/or experimental mixing analysis, design, and fabrication of various micromixers. This reprint includes an editorial, two review papers, and eleven research papers reporting on five active and six passive micromixers. Three of the active micromixers have electrokinetic driving force, but the other two are activated by mechanical mechanism and acoustic streaming. Three studies employs non-Newtonian working fluids, one of which deals with nano-non-Newtonian fluids. Most of the cases investigated micromixer design.
    Keywords: microfluidics ; micro-mixer ; micro-jet ; XFEL ; molecular imaging ; sample delivery ; steric effect ; power-law fluids ; boundary slip ; oscillatory electroosmotic flow ; mass transport rate ; passive mixing ; curved mixing structure ; confocal microscopy ; mixing efficiency ; light-actuated AC electroosmosis (LACE) ; microfluidic mixer ; optical virtual electrode ; electrokinetics ; computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ; 3D printing ; spiral micromixers ; dean flow ; trapezoidal cross-section ; mixing index ; convection and diffusion ; Kenics micromixer ; numerical simulation ; non-Newtonian fluids ; CMC solutions ; low Reynolds number ; passive micro-mixer ; mixing unit ; cross flow direction ; baffle impingement ; swirl motion ; mixing performance ; mixing ; micromixer ; density control ; lab on a chip ; pneumatically driven ; acoustic streaming ; acoustofluidics ; computational fluid dynamics ; artificial cilia ; flow manipulation ; biological/medical applications ; chaotic micromixer ; Nano-Non-Newtonian fluid ; mass mixing index ; thermal mixing index ; low generalized Reynolds number ; minimal mixing energy cost ; degree of mixing (DOM) ; modified Tesla micromixer ; tip clearance ; symmetric counter-rotating vortices ; drag and connection of interface ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue showcases some advanced methodologies used in surface water quality modelling. Its aim is to introduce several topics that are new in the field of surface water quality modelling and help spur new developments in each of the topics. It is intended for a readership consisting of researchers, academicians, consultants and government agency representatives. The editor of this Special Issue wishes to thank all authors, reviewers and academic editors in their contributions, without whom the publishing of this collective work would not have come to pass.
    Keywords: lower Athabasca River ; oil sands region ; quasi-2D modelling ; water-quality analysis simulation program (WASP) ; water-quality modelling ; Poyang Lake Basin ; Haihe River Basin ; SPARROW ; ammonium nitrogen ; nutrient transport ; CE-QUAL-W2 ; water quality model ; reservoir management ; water transfers ; DPSIR models ; ecosystem state ; Lake Malombe ; tobit model ; WASP8 ; Ara Waterway ; Yamuna River ; NDVI ; anthropogenic activities ; La Buong River ; machine learning algorithms ; surface water quality ; water quality index (WQI) ; marine environmental capacity (MEC) ; response factor ; water exchange ; residual ; Sanmen Bay ; surface water ; vis-NIR spectroscopy ; chemical oxygen demand ; SMOTE ; CARS ; PLS–DA ; European Union’s Floods Directive ; hydro-electric power ; ice-jam flood hazard ; ice-jam flood risk ; space-borne remote sensing ; copper ; nickel ; trace metals ; pesticides ; WASP ; HEC-RAS ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This Special Issue comprises 15 papers broadly outlining current trends in nucleic acid biophysics. It contains original research papers and reviews on structure, stability, and interactions of canonical and non-canonical nucleic acids. The authors describe the use of established, time-honored experimental and computational techniques as well as their more recently developed counterparts. Molecular insights that can be gained from the papers collected in this issue range from the fundamental to the applied with emphasis on biological functions and biomedical prospects of nucleic acids. The collection is not meant to be exhaustive, but to highlight recent advances from select laboratories worldwide. Nevertheless, it represents a useful guide for scientists who wish to familiarize themselves with biophysical topics in nucleic acid research. This Special Issue will be useful both for researchers who study fundamental aspects of nucleic acid structure, stability, and dynamics, as well as for those that are mainly interested in practical biological and biomedical applications of nucleic acids.
    Keywords: nucleic acid structures ; nucleic acid conformation ; biological structure database ; DNA ; RNA ; validation standards ; G-quadruplex ; replication ; thermodynamics ; ligand ; topology ; quadruplex-duplex hybrids ; minor groove binding drugs ; stability ; optical spectroscopy ; nucleic acids ; charge ; electrostatic potential ; ab initio methods ; NMR spectroscopy ; molecular dynamics ; forcefield ; AMBER ; B-DNA ; DNA-hairpin ; perchlorates ; brines ; pressure ; Mars ; habitability ; DNA minor groove binder ; mixed base-pair DNA sequences ; sequence selectivity ; ligand–DNA complex thermodynamic ; molecular curvature ; heterocyclic diamidine ; biosensor ; calorimetry ; DNA conjugate ; metal ion ; triple helix ; silver ion ; lanthanide ; ATP sensor ; aptamer ; terpyridine ; sequence edition ; DNAzyme ; molecular dynamics simulation (MD) ; potential of mean force (PMF) ; dsDNA–dsDNA interactions ; flexibility ; origins of life ; DNA-protein networks ; protocells ; DNA sequence-dependent structure ; DNA deformability ; DNA sequence context ; DNA curvature ; DNA minicircles ; hydrostatic pressure ; volume ; CD spectroscopy ; G-quadruplexes ; potassium ; polymorphism ; kinetics ; folding ; kinetic models ; fitting ; aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) ; salicylic acid polymers ; methylene-salicylic acid ; SARS-CoV-2 ; RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) ; yeast ribosomes ; human serum albumin (HSA) ; molecular recognition ; biological function and viral disease ; inhibitor binding ; single-molecule biophysics ; nucleic acid thermodynamics ; statistical mechanics ; fluctuation theorems ; computational biophysics ; n/a ; drug discovery ; drug-target interactions ; thermodynamic binding signatures ; isothermal titration calorimetry ; lead optimization ; fragment-based drug discovery ; drug-like properties ; enthalpic efficiency ; group efficiency ; lipophilic efficiency ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This reprint describes the polyphenolic composition of wine and beer, with a special emphasis on extractive and analytical aspects. Furthermore, the effects of wine and beer polyphenols on human health are studied in the depth.
    Keywords: beer ; polyphenols ; antioxidant activity ; walnut ; chestnut ; green tea ; coffee ; cocoa ; honey ; licorice ; antioxidants ; prenylated flavonoids ; tyrosol ; hydroxytyrosol ; alkylresorcinols ; hops ; malt ; health ; menopause ; polyphenol ; phytoestrogen ; prenylnarigenin ; humulones ; ethanol ; bioactives ; resveratrol ; red wine ; ethylchloroformate ; gas chromatography–mass spectrometry ; alcohol ; butyric acid ; fiber ; drinking pattern ; wine ; winemaking ; brewing ; phenolic compounds ; binding ; health properties ; docking ; Mencía ; Jean ; terroir ; anthocyanins ; phenolic acids ; flavonols ; wine color ; phenols ; HPLC-UV-ESI-MSn ; free anthocyanins ; co-pigmented anthocyanins ; mixed fermentation ; starmerella bacillaris ; PCA ; hydroxycinnamic acids ; caftaric acid ; verjuice ; FPLC ; unripe grape juice ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint "The November 23rd, 1980 Irpinia-Lucania, Southern Italy Earthquake: Insights and Reviews 40 Years Later” presents a collection of 13 scientific contributions proposed by 44 researchers with different expertise and multidisciplinary approach highlighting the most important aspects of the Irpinia-Lucania earthquake (Ms 6.9, Io X MCS) from a seismological and geological point of view, without neglecting the reconstruction of cultural heritage, the resilience of the population, and the socioeconomic development of the internal areas of the Southern Apennines after the earthquake. The 1980 earthquake struck Irpinia-Lucania region (Southern Italy) and it is remembered in Italy not only for being the strongest earthquake recorded in the last 100 years causing devastation of entire regions and severe loss of human life, but also for the destruction of the cultural heritage in the epicentral area. This volume, far from being exhaustive, nevertheless wants to be an important point of reference for the new generations of researchers who will have both a historical and multidisciplinary approach to the knowledge of this earthquake.
    Keywords: Irpinia-Basilicata earthquake ; seismic assessment ; soil structure interaction ; numerical simulations ; OpenSees ; earthquake risk ; earthquake fatalities ; Italian earthquakes ; Irpinia earthquake ; Irpinia–Basilicata earthquake ; soil–structure interaction ; geological map ; tunnel geology ; sandstone petrology ; foreland basin evolution ; 1980 Irpinia-Basilicata earthquake ; southern Apennines ; Italy ; Irpinia fault ; historical earthquakes ; archaeoseismology ; paleoseismology ; disasters ; earthquake ; reconstruction ; cultural heritage ; experiences ; oral history ; memory ; 1980 earthquake ; earthquake effects ; environmental effects ; disaster epidemiology ; disaster response ; 1980 Irpinia earthquake ; active faults ; postseismic afterslip ; ground response ; 2D numerical analysis ; soil-structure effects ; photographic reportage ; rebuilding ; earthquake seismology ; microseismicity ; seismic techniques ; seismotectonics ; earthquake history ; Irpinia ; seismic hazard ; strain rate ; GNSS ; InSAR ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint focuses on land use/land cover (LULC), natural hazards and their interactions, changes, and impacts. Over the past few decades, the risks due to natural hazards have increased significantly, to a large extent due to changes in LULC, which are triggered mainly by anthropic pressure on landscapes, i.e., urbanization, forest management practices, agricultural practices, and the like. As a result, LULC changes contribute significantly to changes in the variability or magnitude of natural hazards, such as floods, landslides, and erosion. Therefore, this reprint provides a collection of studies focused on the interactions between LULC and different types of natural hazards, which were studied in several research areas around the world.
    Keywords: flash floods ; intense rainfall ; urbanized areas ; damage ; anthropic impacts ; West Mediterranean ; Italy ; land use change ; surface runoff ; urban development ; green infrastructure ; Xiamen ; land use/land cover legacy ; airborne LiDAR-based HRDTM ; generalized additive model ; landslide susceptibility modeling ; historical landslide inventory bias ; biomass extraction ; farmers’ perception ; NDVI ; climate change ; remote sensing ; GIS ; NDBI ; flood risk ; land use ; settlement development ; agricultural land use ; flood-prone areas ; Alpine regions ; landslide modelling ; shallow landslides ; soil cohesion ; soil tillage ; river meandering ; river morphology ; centerline migration ; satellite images ; loess ; filled slope ; physical model test ; interface effect ; stability ; river morphodynamics ; Landsat data ; planform changes ; forest fire ; fire danger rating systems ; environmental fire danger ; fire indices ; drought indices ; remote sensing fire indices ; fire ignition probability ; climate change extremes ; land cover ; QGIS ; MOLUSCE ; Great Yellow River Region ; mountain hazards ; land take ; landslide hazard ; land cover change ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: Cheese is an excellent and complex food matrix that preserves in concentrated form valuable milk constituents, such as proteins, minerals, vitamins, and biofunctional lipids. The formation of cheese mass requires the removal of whey, i.e., water and soluble milk substances—proteins, minerals, lactose, and vitamins. It is well known that whey, apart from being a serious environmental threat, is a valuable substrate for the formation of new products with excellent functional and biological activities. This reprint aims to share research related to (i) cheese production, ripening, and properties, and (ii) whey and whey components’ functionality and biological value, as well as whey exploitation and processing.
    Keywords: ACE inhibition ; antioxidant activity ; hydrolysis ; response surface methodology ; whey protein concentrate ; Parmigiano Reggiano cheese ; somatic cells ; milk composition ; cheese yield ; cheesemaking losses ; cheese ripening ; ripening extension ; cheese microstructure ; free amino acids ; capillary electrophoresis ; proteolysis ; volatile compounds ; confocal laser scanning microscopy ; dairy product analysis ; cheese peptidomics ; cheesemaking ; data-independent acquisition ; whey ; buttermilk ; second cheese whey ; ultrafiltration ; reduced-fat cheese ; hard cheese ; long ripened cheese ; ripening rooms ; environmental ripening conditions ; quantitative descriptive analysis ; texture ; water activity ; image analysis ; cheesemaking technology ; milk whey ; hydrolyzed collagen ; bioavailability ; “bryndza” cheese ; electronic nose ; gas chromatography ; volatile organic compounds ; microbiota ; Flammulina velutipes ; protein–polysaccharide complexes ; stability ; bio-layer interferometry ; in vitro digestibility ; binding regions ; Quark-type cheese ; cow cheese milk homogenization ; cheese milk heat treatment ; sugars and organic acids ; proteolysis indices ; texture profile analysis ; whey protein denaturation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The community of biologists has been eager to realize the promise of DNA barcodes since the concept was first proposed in 2003. As we approach twenty years of DNA barcoding, their application continues to increase, and methods continue to be developed that utilize this ever-expanding resource for multiple fields of biology. The nearly ten million DNA barcodes available today provide a database that is especially useful for ecology and evolutionary biology. Thanks to these large and well-curated DNA barcode resources, fundamental biological questions can be more rigorously addressed regarding community evolution, assembly, herbivory, pollination, and species interactions across and among diverse habitats and organisms, including plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. This reprint illustrates the wide variety of applications of DNA barcodes, especially in plants, to tackle research topics in ecology, evolutionary biology, plant–animal interactions, taxonomy, conservation, and ethnobotany.
    Keywords: alien woody plants ; horizon scanning ; DNA barcode ; predicting invasion success ; environmental policy ; propagule pressure ; trophic interactions ; diet specialization ; DNA barcoding ; bush cricket ; Barro Colorado Island ; Panama ; katydid ; tropical trees ; grass pollen ; metabarcoding ; plant barcodes ; high-throughput sequencing ; species interactions ; symbioses ; behavioral ecology ; elephant (Loxodonta africana) ; ForestGEO ; geographic mosaic of species interactions ; phylogenetic community ecology ; landscape ecology ; megaherbivores ; phylogenetic signal ; plant–herbivore interactions ; montane forest ; Ngel Nyaki ; species identification ; biobanking ; GenBank ; ITS2 ; matK ; psbA-trnH ; rbcL ; viridiplantae ; DNA metabarcoding ; pollen ; pollinators ; pollen metabarcoding ; plant–pollinator interactions ; honeybees ; bumblebees ; hoverflies ; medicinal plants ; nuclear barcode ; plastid barcodes ; unsupervised learning ; supervised learning ; ASTRAL ; biological collections ; cryptic species ; diversification ; fungal barcoding ; fungarium ; historical specimens ; natural history collections ; phenotype ; heathlands ; phylogenetic diversity ; barcoding ; phylogeny ; conservation ; refugia ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This book focuses on case studies and theoretical concepts on sustainable land-use management in agroforestry systems. Special attention is given to farmland management in the contexts of farmers’ investments, farmers’ economic and behavioral factors, and farmers’ perceptions of irrigation systems. Urban agriculture and its extensions (e.g., urban gardening and urban beekeeping) are also featured in this book, in addition to the ways in which these practices can contribute to biodiversity conservation goals. Additionally, a case study on the use of the ecosystem evaluation index is featured and provides scientific and practical bases for land protection. Lastly, a state-of-the-art review on land-use policy is included, providing insights into how agroforestry systems can be converted to other land uses to meet the current demands. Scientists, practitioners, and policymakers can make use of this book in designing sustainable agroforestry systems.
    Keywords: urban beekeeping ; regulations ; barrier ; setback ; 3D laser scanner ; remote sensing ; fence location ; organic agriculture ; environment-friendly agriculture ; regression tree ; attitude ; motivation ; satisfaction ; property rights ; ecological property rights ; forestry investment ; farmers’ behavior ; reservoir confluence area ; subjective wellbeing ; community perceptions ; urban gardening ; Indonesia ; COVID-19 ; evidence-based policymaking ; agricultural land ; forests ; consensus building ; Japan ; collective forest rights ; land tenure ; reform ; forestland investment ; public welfare ; forest land ; migration ; drought tolerant breeds ; adaptation ; relief grants ; policy intervention ; smallholder livestock farmers ; agricultural ; urban ; rice–fish farming ; biodiversity ; education ; experience ; museum ; land use ; land cover ; temporal and spatial change ; ecosystem assessment ; GIS ; northeast forest belt ; agroecosystem services ; alpine areas ; extensive livestock farming ; stakeholder participation ; focus group ; water resources ; water framework directive ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Polyphenols are natural phytochemicals recognized as one of the largest and most widespread classes of plant constituents occurring throughout the plant kingdom. Over the years, polyphenols have attracted the attention of the scientific community due to their potential health-promoting effects. Owing to their several interesting properties, polyphenols have aroused considerable interest, shedding light on their chemistry, reactivity, biological properties and their beneficial effects on both plants and humans. As a result of these investigations, a huge number of research works have been reported on polyphenols. However, despite the voluminous literature studying polyphenols and their impact on human health, there are still many issues waiting to be explored in order to explain and elucidate the positive effects of polyphenols on human health. This Special Issue was intended to gather up-to-date knowledge related to the cutting-edge research in the broad scientific area of polyphenols, providing an opportunity to show the latest advances in the exploration of polyphenols and their health beneficial effects. The special issue was a great success with more than 50 published manuscripts covering various aspects related to polyphenols and their role in human health. We are confident that this Special Issue will be of great interest to the scientific community, and will contribute to the improvement of knowledge regarding the area of polyphenols, leading to a better understanding of their role in human health.
    Keywords: polyphenolic curcumin ; cisplatin ; combination therapy ; breast cancer ; apoptosis ; gemini surfactant nanoparticles ; Mucuna pruriens seed ; neuroprotective activity ; Parkinson’s disease ; anti-acetylcholinesterase activity ; L-dopa ; Mitrephora sirikitiae ; anti-inflammation ; lignans ; polyphenols ; mRNA expression ; cytokines ; gemini curcumin ; colorectal cancer ; RNA sequencing ; PPI network ; differentially expressed genes ; Ericaceae ; LC–DAD/ESI–MS ; phenolic compounds ; flavonoids ; antioxidant activity ; Artemia salina Leach ; resveratrol ; hexavalent chromium ; 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine adduct repair ; endogenous antioxidant system ; antigenotoxic ; Opuntia sp. ; prickly pear ; inflammation ; ginseng leaf ; far-infrared irradiation ; ginsenosides ; antioxidants ; health benefits ; polysaccharides ; freeze-drying ; spray-drying ; antidiabetic ; Averrhoa carambola L. ; dihydrochalcone ; flavone glycosides ; obesity ; Oxalidaceae ; type 2 diabetes ; Alchemilla viridiflora Rothm. ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; spike glycoprotein ; neuropilin-1 ; in vitro ; in silico ; Origanum compactum ; HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS ; antibacterial activity ; bioactive compounds ; nutraceuticals ; phenols ; pomegranate peels ; phytochemical ; wistin ; NADES ; total polyphenolic content ; enzyme inhibition ; functional food ; natural medicine ; Alzheimer cholinesterase inhibitors ; Maqui ; platelets ; phenolic compounds and cardiovascular ; phenolic acids ; sinapic acid ; ACE inhibition ; hypertension ; endothelial dysfunction ; Graminex pollen ; hydroalcoholic extract ; oxidative stress ; gene expression ; TRPV1 ; pterostilbene ; antioxidant ; bioavailability ; cancer ; diabetes ; Nrf2 ; Rosmarinus officinalis ; chemical analysis ; glioblastoma ; rhabdomyosarcoma ; red onion ; phytochemicals ; H9c2 rat cardiomyoblast ; primary human fibroblasts ; blood disorder ; haemoglobin ; natural product ; nutraceutical ; nutritional disease ; lichens ; neuroprotection ; cetrarioid clade ; grape polyphenols ; sarcopenia ; skeletal muscle ; clinical trial ; R. conduplicans ; lichen ; secondary metabolites ; DNA damage ; α-glucosidase inhibition ; adlay ; adlay testa ; antiglycation ; phenolic acid ; grape pomace ; anti-inflammatory ; curcumin ; poly(glycerol sebacate) ; nanoparticles ; drug delivery system ; human cervical cancer ; baicalein ; mangiferin ; quercetin ; diabetes mellitus ; peripheral artery disease ; cardiovascular diseases ; Cyperus esculentus ; tiger nut ; metabolomics ; UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS ; foodomics ; scopolamine ; memory impairments ; phenol compounds ; polydatin ; 3-O-β-d-resveratrol-glucopyranoside ; cervical cancer ; lung cancer ; ovarian cancer ; nanosuspension ; antioxidant properties ; LPS-induced inflammation ; NO-scavenging activity ; mountain tea ; Lamiaceae ; iridoids ; phenylethanoids ; ultrasound-assisted extraction ; melittoside ; ajugoside ; verbascoside ; ferulic acid ; apoptosis and cell cycle arrest ; anti-angiogenesis ; anti-metastasis ; synergism ; Cymbopogon schoenanthus ; hyaluronidase ; acetylcholinesterase ; neurodegeneration ; skin ; hair ; human health ; immobilized PTP1B ; drug screening ; cell surface display ; salvianolic acid B ; traditional Chinese medicine ; Salicornia ; extraction technologies ; agro-industrial by-products ; biological activity ; circular economy ; health effects ; re-integration ; waste management ; blood orange peels ; infrared-assisted extraction ; optimization ; Aflatoxin B1 ; Achillea millefolium ; bioaccessibility ; Caco-2 absorption ; in vitro digestion ; sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 ; human oral squamous cell carcinoma ; autophagy ; epidermal fatty acid-binding protein ; lentil hull ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; microwave-assisted extraction ; oligosaccharides ; Alocasia gigantea ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; histopathology ; UHPLC–DAD–ESI–MS/MS ; Salvianolic acid B ; matrix metalloproteinase 9 ; gelatinase B ; MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells ; TIMP-1 ; agri-food wastes ; sustainability ; polyphenols bioavailability ; polyphenols activity ; cosmeceuticals ; nano-delivery ; health ; Lithocarpus litseifolius ; trilobatin ; phloridzin ; phloretin ; metabolic pathway ; bioactivity ; honey ; functional beverage ; characterization ; alcoholic beverage ; fermented beverage ; functional foods ; beneficial effects ; biological treatment ; bioreactors ; water ; aerobic granular sludge ; conventional active ted sludge ; biofilter ; photobioreactor ; membrane bioreactor ; bio-electrochemical systems ; chitosan ; Indian borage ; biotic elicitor ; insect-based foods ; Folin–Ciocalteu method ; phenols and flavonoids ; polyphenols bioactivity ; cereal ; pre-harvest sprouting ; antiradical capacity ; antitumor activity ; bee products ; phenylamides ; multivariate statistical analysis ; Juniperus sabina ; cupressuflavone ; intranasal ; pharmacokinetic ; motor coordination ; oregano ; box–behnken ; phenolics ; HPLC-PDA analysis ; UPLC-Q-TOF MS ; olive pomace ; PBMC ; immune gene expression ; HPLC-DAD ; metabolome ; phenolic bioaccessibility ; propolis ; total phenolic compounds ; antioxidant capacity ; UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The theory of quantum chromo dynamics (QCD), an organic part of the standard model (SM) of particle physics, has been validated by many theoretical and experimental studies. The strongly coupled QCD dynamics controls colored particles’ (quarks and gluons) collective motion at large spacetime separations and the formation of colorless composite states (hadrons). While QCD theory and the related phenomenology aspects are being intensively studied in laboratory measurements, the possible connections of this important layer of knowledge to cosmology remain rather vague and largely unexplored. No doubt, the physical vacuum has been transformed many times throughout the lifetime of the universe and has affected its history through a sequence of events, such as the cosmic inflation, phase transitions, and the dark-energy-dominated expansion. Strong interactions could play an important role in some of these cosmological events. In particular, the emergence of a new state of matter called the quark-gluon plasma at the LHC is often suggested to provide an important source of empirical knowledge to what the universe looked like in the first few moments after the Big Bang. This Special Issue aims at creating an overview of the recent progress in these directions by focusing on the novel implications of quantum chromo, or more generally, Yang–Mills (YM) dynamics, to the physics of the early universe and critical phenomena in cosmology.
    Keywords: dynamics of phase transitions ; spinodal instability ; heavy-ion collisions ; neutron stars ; dark energy ; non-Abelian gauge theory ; condensate ; QCD ; DGLAP equations ; physics beyond the standard model ; tensorgluons ; extended DGLAP equations ; tensorgluon splitting functions ; neutron star ; equation of state ; many-body methods of nuclear matter ; neutron-skin thickness ; GW170817 ; Weyl gravity ; renormalization group ; inflation ; light scalar fields ; axial anomaly ; SU(2) Yang–Mills thermodynamics ; de-percolation of axionic lumps ; cosmological and galactic dark-matter densities ; cosmology ; particle physics ; particle symmetry ; stable particles ; dark matter ; cosmic rays ; QCD in the early universe ; phase transitions ; hydrodynamical evolution ; equation of state of super-dense matter ; classical Yang-Mills fields ; Dark Energy ; Dark Matter ; gluon condensate ; effective Yang-Mills action ; cosmic inflation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The use of Advanced Oxidation Technologies (AOTs) for wastewater treatment is an important area of research which has not yet been fully exploited at an industrial level and has significant potential in the disposal of many industrial effluents. In particular, this includes effluents that are difficult to treat by conventional biological treatment processes. This reprint covers the latest advances in the field of wastewater treatment by Advanced Oxidation Technologies, with a focus on treatments based on photolysis, TiO2/solar light, ozone/ultraviolet irradiation, oxidant/ultraviolet irradiation, oxidant/catalyst/ultraviolet irradiation, high-energy electron beam irradiation (E-beam), sonication/photocatalysis, etc.
    Keywords: N2O decomposition ; Fe-Ce-Al mixed oxide ; oxygen mobility ; metallic glasses ; oily wastewater ; activation ; catalytic degradation ; ultrasound/chlorine process ; reactive chlorine species (RCS) ; Allura Red AC (ARAC) ; degradation ; synergy ; dyes degradation ; non-metal-doped titania ; photocatalysis ; parameters ; wastewater treatment ; semiconductors ; chalcogenides ; photocatalysts ; water splitting ; rhodamine B degradation ; sepiolite nanofibers ; catalyst support ; WS2 nanosheets ; micropollutants ; TiO2 films ; TiO2/CNT nanocomposites ; photocatalysis kinetics ; AgI ; supramolecular material ; photocatalytic degradation (PDT) ; tetracycline (TC) ; catalyst ; photocatalytic CO2 reduction ; active sites ; controllable exfoliation ; Ti3C2Tx ; photo-fenton ; BiVO4 ; Prussian blue ; cocatalyst ; water purification ; photocatalytic concrete ; ZnO nanostructures ; seedless method ; bimetallic catalysts ; copper ; heterogeneous catalysis ; iron ; photo-Fenton ; photoelectrochemical ; toxicity ; environment ; photocatalyst ; TiO2 ; g-C3N4 ; heterostructure ; formaldehyde degradation ; aluminium-substituted zinc ferrite ; samarium-doped spinel ferrite ; H2O2/UV-Vis ; modelling and optimization of photocatalytic process ; wood flour ; biochar ; peroxydisulfate ; bisphenol A ; Fe3O4 ; catalytic ozonation ; homogenous catalysts ; heterogeneous catalysts ; water treatment ; VOSviewer ; reaction mechanism ; reactive azo dye ; surfactant-assisted synthesis ; electrode morphology ; advanced oxidation processes ; lead dioxide ; energy efficiency ; copper nanohybrid ; citrate functionalized CuO ; nano-medicine ; S. hominis infection control ; photodynamic therapy ; supramolecular chemistry ; cavitins ; biomimetics ; metalloenzymes ; metallocavitins ; methane ; memantine ; hydrolysis ; photolysis ; sorption ; sol-gel TiO2 film ; degradation products ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology::TQK Pollution control
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Microalgae are photosynthetic unicellular microorganisms that represent an extremely important component of the aquatic ecosystem productivity, diversity, and functioning. Moreover, these microorganisms, using a network of signals, interact with all the other organisms present in their environment. Signals are often secondary metabolites that play an important role in competition, defense, attraction, and signaling. These molecules are recognized for having bioactive properties, but some of them are still largely underexplored and underexploited. This Special Issue focuses on studies aimed to improve knowledge on microalgal ecology (diversity and dynamics) in aquatic ecosystems, as well as on their capacity to produce bioactive compounds with potential biotechnological applications.
    Keywords: microalgae-bacteria consortia ; predation ; raceway pond ; bubble column reactors ; nitrogen removal ; productivity ; centrate ; molecular tools. ; picocyanobacteria toxicity ; Cyanobium ; Synechococcus ; Artemia salina ; sea urchin embryos ; HeLa cell line ; microcystin ; BMAA ; harmful algal blooms ; bioremediation ; filtration activity ; polychaetes ; dinoflagellates ; Spirulina ; phycocyanin ; extraction ; ultrafiltration ; diafiltration ; phytoplankton ; highly-mineralized water ; gypsum karst lake ; community ; structural variables ; diversity indices ; spirulina ; Arthrospira maxima ; glyphosate ; proteomics ; resistance ; biodiversity ; biovolume ; cell size ; eutrophication ; mesocosm ; temperature ; nitrogen pollution ; climate change ; imaging flow cytometry ; n/a ; biofilters ; cyanobacteria ; microalgae ; single-cell protein ; rumen function ; bioactive compounds ; photobiocatalysis ; Emiliania huxleyi ; CO2 ; coccolithophores ; Idiomarina abyssalis ; Brachybacterium sp. ; phytoplankton–bacteria interactions ; changing ocean ; functional profiling of marine bacteria ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany & plant sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The use of biomass and organic waste material as a primary resource for the production of fuels, chemicals, and electric power is of growing significance in light of the environmental issues associated with the use of fossil fuels. For this reason, it is vital that new and more efficient technologies for the conversion of biomass are investigated and developed. Today, various advanced methods can be used for the conversion of biomass. These methods are broadly classified into thermochemical conversion, biochemical conversion, and electrochemical conversion. This book collects papers that consider various aspects of sustainability in the conversion of biomass into valuable products, covering all the technical stages from biomass production to residue management. In particular, it focuses on experimental and simulation studies aiming to investigate new processes and technologies on the industrial, pilot, and bench scales.
    Keywords: biomass pellet ; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ; chemometrics ; quality indexes ; biogas ; circular economy ; bioeconomy ; wastes ; energy ; R.E.S ; biomass ; anaerobic ; digestion ; agriculture ; livestock ; Greece ; biorefinery ; absorbent hygiene product ; waste ; gasification ; devolatilization ; pyrolysis ; fluidized bed ; diapers ; cellulosic fraction ; chemical looping ; autothermal ; pilot plant ; Açaí ; residual seeds ; bio-oil ; distillation ; gasoline ; light kerosene ; kerosene-like fuel ; torrefaction ; agricultural by-products ; mixing ratios ; solid fuel ; pellet evaluation ; Açaí seeds ; hydrothermal carbonization ; hot compressed water ; process analysis ; HMF ; furfural ; acetic acid ; mass production ; corn stover ; hydrothermal process ; hydrochar ; adsorption ; thermo-gravimetric analysis ; scanning electron microscopy ; X-ray diffraction ; BET analysis ; disposable masks ; devolatilization tests ; Aspen Plus ®simulation ; tar analysis ; ultrasonic ; components fractionation ; lignocellulose ; ethanol treatment ; biomass gasification ; dual bubbling bed gasifier ; innovative pilot scale gasifier ; H2-rich syngas ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2023-11-17
    Description: Auch Gewerkschaften waren 2015 mit ankommenden Geflüchteten konfrontiert. Der Sommer der Migration löste innerhalb der Gewerkschaftsbewegung enorme Solidaritätsanstrengungen aus und regte die Organisierung von Geflüchteten an. Diese Initiativen blieben allerdings nie unumstritten. Mit Blick auf Österreich, Deutschland und die EU analysiert Neva Löw gewerkschaftliche Positionen und Diskurse und legt dar, welche Spannungen und Widersprüche bei diesen Solidaritätsinitiativen auftraten.
    Keywords: Gewerkschaft ; Flucht ; Migration ; Solidarität ; Organisation ; Österreich ; Deutschland ; Europäische Union ; Europa ; Amazon ; Streik ; Politik ; Arbeit ; Zivilgesellschaft ; Migrationspolitik ; Flüchtlingsforschung ; Arbeitsökonomie ; Politikwissenschaft ; Labour Union ; Fleeing ; Solidarity ; Organization ; Austria ; Germany ; European Union ; Europe ; Strikes ; Politics ; Work ; Civil Society ; Migration Policy ; Refugee Studies ; Labour Economics ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPW Political activism ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPQ Central government::JPQB Central government policies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFD Refugees & political asylum
    Language: German
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Stem cells are an attractive tool for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine, both for humans and animals. The research and review articles published in this first book of the Collection “Stem Cells in Domestic Animals: Applications in Health and Production” are excellent examples of the recent advances made in the field of stem/stromal cell research in veterinary medicine. In this field, sophisticated and new treatments are now required for improving patients’ quality of life; in livestock animals, the goal of regenerative medicine is to improve not only animal welfare but also the quality of production, aiming to preserve human health. The contributions collected in this book concern both laboratory research and clinical applications of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. The increasing knowledge of cell-based therapies may constitute an opportunity for researchers, veterinary practitioners, and animal owners to contribute to animal and human health and well-being.
    Keywords: Stem cells ; Domestic animals ; Cellular therapy ; Translational medicine ; Cell culture ; Secretome ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, claiming millions of lives each year. Cancer biology is an essential research field to understand how cancer develops, evolves, and responds to therapy. By taking advantage of a series of “omics” technologies (e.g., genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics), computational methods in bioinformatics and machine learning can help scientists and researchers to decipher the complexity of cancer heterogeneity, tumorigenesis, and anticancer drug discovery. Particularly, bioinformatics enables the systematic interrogation and analysis of cancer from various perspectives, including genetics, epigenetics, signaling networks, cellular behavior, clinical manifestation, and epidemiology. Moreover, thanks to the influx of next-generation sequencing (NGS) data in the postgenomic era and multiple landmark cancer-focused projects, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), machine learning has a uniquely advantageous role in boosting data-driven cancer research and unraveling novel methods for the prognosis, prediction, and treatment of cancer.
    Keywords: tumor mutational burden ; DNA damage repair genes ; immunotherapy ; biomarker ; biomedical informatics ; breast cancer ; estrogen receptor alpha ; persistent organic pollutants ; drug-drug interaction networks ; molecular docking ; NGS ; ctDNA ; VAF ; liquid biopsy ; filtering ; variant calling ; DEGs ; diagnosis ; ovarian cancer ; PUS7 ; RMGs ; CPA4 ; bladder urothelial carcinoma ; immune cells ; T cell exhaustion ; checkpoint ; architectural distortion ; image processing ; depth-wise convolutional neural network ; mammography ; bladder cancer ; Annexin family ; survival analysis ; prognostic signature ; therapeutic target ; R Shiny application ; RNA-seq ; proteomics ; multi-omics analysis ; T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia ; CCLE ; sitagliptin ; thyroid cancer (THCA) ; papillary thyroid cancer (PTCa) ; thyroidectomy ; metastasis ; drug resistance ; n/a ; biomarker identification ; transcriptomics ; machine learning ; prediction ; variable selection ; major histocompatibility complex ; bidirectional long short-term memory neural network ; deep learning ; cancer ; incidence ; mortality ; modeling ; forecasting ; Google Trends ; Romania ; ARIMA ; TBATS ; NNAR ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: This reprint contributes to the debate on the Ecological Transition and Circular Economy from a multidimensional perspective. Research from several scientific fields has been developed, providing a comprehensive picture of the complexity of the circular transition. Indeed, the reprint highlights how creating a functioning circular economy requires combining different knowledge, skills, perspectives and approaches to shift towards sustainable consumption and production patterns successfully. Special attention is given to the multiple dimensions of circular economy applications, with articles focused on different circular economy application levels, such as processes, companies, supply chains, and cities. Furthermore, the reprint explores in detail how a circular economy becomes applied to the energy, construction and agri-food sectors that are particularly committed to this circular transition.
    Keywords: sustainable asset lifecycle ; circular economy ; design for deconstruction ; barriers ; sustainable approach ; critical literature review ; energy transition ; knowledge economy (knowledge-based economy) ; Industry 4.0 ; transformation of mining in Poland ; municipal waste ; waste sorting ; waste management ; waste recovery ; municipal waste charging ; waste disposal ; resource use ; greenhouse ; industries ; textual analysis ; biogas ; anaerobic digestion ; manure ; greenhouse gases ; methane ; nitrous oxide ; environmental impacts ; energy sustainability ; green energy ; carbon emissions ; cost of energy ; energy portfolio ; resource availability ; carbon emission rights allocation ; ZSG-DEA ; China’s power sector ; YREB ; spatiotemporal differentiation ; cultural evolution ; linguistic ecology ; neutral model ; selection and drift ; economic concepts ; ecological concepts ; perceived consumer effectiveness ; towel reuse ; willingness to sacrifice ; environmental consciousness ; environmental knowledge ; circular economy for food ; sustainable food supply chains ; systemic approach ; multi-stakeholder approach ; public food policy ; local agri-food system ; food waste management ; urban sustainability ; circular cities ; indicators ; ecological footprint ; renewable energy ; augmented ARDL ; dynamic ARDL ; frequency domain causality ; export ; India ; climate change ; forest vulnerability ; Himalaya ; sustainability reporting ; disclosure ; sustainability ; stakeholder theory ; methods ; evaluating metrics ; supply chains ; socio-biodiversity ; bioeconomy ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: For centuries, nature has been an inspirational source for the discovery of drugs used in modern medicine. Nowadays, natural-based treatments continue to be employed for primary health care, particularly playing a significant role in folk medicine. In addition, we are currently observing an increasing use of natural-products-based supplements from botanical and marine sources, making their standardization and scientific validation a priority to guarantee the safety of these products. Natural products and/or synthetic derivatives using their novel structures have also been of utmost importance in drug discovery and development in several clinical areas. After a period of discreditation and reduced investment, we are now witnessing a renewed interest from the pharmaceutical industry and scientific community due to the urgent need to develop new drugs. This reprint comprises 11 original and 6 review articles dedicated to plant and marine natural products research, contributing to the scientific validation of their use and opening new perspectives in drug discovery
    Keywords: propyl-propane-thiosulfinate ; propyl-propane-thiosulfonate ; antibacterial activity ; antifungal activity ; vapor ; mycosporines ; mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) ; mass spectrometry ; database ; photoprotective compounds ; UV-absorbing compounds ; melatonin ; endoplasmic reticulum stress ; diabesity ; kidney ; cellulite ; essential oil ; monoterpenes ; Thai herbal compress ; adipogenesis ; lipolysis ; vasorelaxation ; Asphodelus ramosus ; root-tubers ; inulin ; fructans ; fructooligosaccharide ; alkaline extraction ; high-performance thin layer chromatography ; NMR spectroscopy ; 2D NMR analyses ; infrared spectroscopy ; isofuranodiene ; Smyrnium olusatrum L. ; ischemic stroke ; NF-ĸB ; IL-1β ; TNF-α ; Plectranthus ; royleanone ; 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone ; ent-abietane ; antitumoral activity ; antimicrobial activity ; antioxidant ; Euphorbia ; flavonoids ; pharmacological activities ; structure–activity relationship ; Sambucus nigra L. ; ethosomes ; collagenase inhibition ; skin compatibility ; anthocyanins ; antioxidants ; dietary source ; bioavailability ; biological activity ; biosynthesis ; Posidonia oceanica ; autophagy ; lipid accumulation ; NAFLD ; herbal medicine ; amphotericin B ; candidiasis ; gel ; Bursera graveolens ; topical treatment ; linarin ; chemotaxonomy ; phytochemistry ; bioactivities ; (−)-usnic acid ; evernic acid ; salazinic acid ; secondary metabolites ; lichen extracts ; Garcinia indica ; kokum ; wild mangosteen ; pharmacological activity ; terpenoids ; Trypanosoma ; human African trypanosomiasis ; sleeping disease ; human American trypanosomiasis ; Chagas disease ; anticancer activity ; cytotoxicity ; Hymenocardia acida ; nanoencapsulation ; nanoparticle ; plant extract ; PLGA ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Keywords: Laurus nobilis ; medicinal plant ; mobile genomic elements ; germplasm characterization ; Mediterranean region ; chloroplast ; Ipomoea batatas ; simple sequence repeat ; sweet potato ; plant germplasm ; landrace rice ; fat-soluble nutraceuticals ; β-sitosterol ; genetic variability ; cluster analysis ; Solanum melongena ; germplasm ; Greece ; islands ; mainland ; phenotyping ; genotyping ; mineral composition ; landraces ; genetic diversity ; genetic structure ; Panax ginseng ; Triticum turgidum ; HMW glutenins ; LMW glutenins ; gluten quality ; non-allelic interactions ; combined analysis ; evolution ; genetic resources ; Zea mays ; Blumeria graminis ; disomic addition line ; molecular cytogenetics ; wheat ; Psathyrostachys huashanica ; natural variation ; maize ; root length ; domestication selection ; ZmMADS60 gene ; genetic basis ; GWAS ; eating and cooking qualities ; rice ; genetic variation ; eggplant ; cropping condition ; yield ; agro-morphological characterization ; chili pepper ; gene bank ; molecular markers ; morphological descriptor ; DArTseq markers ; GBS ; Triticum aestivum ; starch ; SNP ; InDel ; CAPS ; intron-loss ; NGS ; phosphorus use efficiency ; phosphorus ; proteomics ; grain hardness ; PIN ; kernel texture ; triticum ; SKCS ; Cucumis sativum ; downy mildew ; genetics ; inheritance ; oomycetes ; resistance ; rice genotypes ; blast resistant genotype ; genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) ; phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) ; heritability values ; DArT SNP markers ; early maturity ; heat and drought tolerance ; salt stress ; nitrogen metabolism ; oxidative stress response ; G6PDH ; GDH ; GS/GOGAT ; Triticum aestivum L. ; γ-gliadins ; Gli-B1 ; polymorphism ; PCR analysis ; ginseng ; genetic composition ; SSR ; fonio ; fonio millet ; white fonio ; Digitaria exilis ; agro morphological descriptors ; phenotypic diversity ; neglected and underutilized species (NUS) ; genetic improvement ; catechin ; phytochemicals ; targeted-oriented core collection ; tea germplasm ; agronomic performance ; correlation analysis ; malawi ; pigeonpea ; yield stability ; bermudagrass ; forage breeding ; genetic parameters ; genotype by harvest interaction ; Tifton 85 ; accessions ; descriptors ; anthracnose ; Colletotrichum lentis ; disease screening ; lentil ; plant resistance ; tall wild pea ; Pisum sativum subsp. elatius ; neoplasm ; pea weevil ; Bruchus pisorum ; expressivity ; Africa ; cowpea ; microsatellites ; Aegilops ; triticale ; leaf rust ; stripe rust ; yellow rust ; Puccinia ; drought ; Phaseolus vulgaris L. ; plant breeding ; rhizobia ; stress ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The reprint focuses on fundamental and applied research on environmentally friendly manufacturing of food additives and its effect on the structural features and functional applications of functional ingredients in several fields. Food additives and functional ingredients are naturally or artificially synthesized substances that are added to foodstuffs to improve their color, aroma, and taste, as well as to meet anti-corrosion and other technological purposes. The innovation of clean production, encompassing environmental and sustainability issues in the manufacturing process of food additives and functional ingredients is of particular interest. Special attention is given to their bioconversion, extraction, separation and purification, stabilization, formulation and compounding, etc., as well as relevant process intensification and integration.
    Keywords: wheat germ polysaccharide ; steam explosion ; isolation and purification ; modification ; structural characterization ; antioxidant activities ; Bacillus pumilus ; molecular dynamic simulations ; enzymatic characterization ; food dye decolorization ; TiO2 NPs ; BPA ; 16S rDNA ; faecal metabolomic ; crust ; dry-aged ; natural flavor enhancer ; patties ; Hanwoo cattle ; exopolysaccharide ; structural analysis ; biofunctional properties ; Lactiplantibacillus pentosus ; sacha inchi oil press-cake protein hydrolyzates ; hyperuricemia ; renal injury ; gut microbiota ; wheat bran ; dietary fiber ; extrusion capacity ; corn gluten meal ; glutamine ; ulcerative colitis ; Bacillus coagulans ; intestinal microorganisms ; metabolism ; high-fat diet ; promote dissolution ; application ; transglutaminase ; crosslinking properties ; protein substrate crosslinking mechanism ; bovine serum albumin ; pullulan ; epigallocatechin gallate ; nanoparticles ; antioxidant activity ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This reprint describes the recent challenges in tourism seen from the point of view of data science. Thanks to the use of the most popular Data Science concepts, you can easily recognise trends and patterns in tourism, detect the impact of tourism on the environment, and predict future trends in tourism. This reprint starts by describing how to analyse data related to the past, then it moves on to detecting behaviours in the present, and, finally, it describes some techniques to predict future trends. By the end of the reprint, you will be able to use data science to help tourism businesses make better use of data and improve their decision making and operations..
    Keywords: green hotel ; corporate social responsibility ; green hotel certification ; Chinese regional tourism ; socioeconomic and environmental drivers ; spatiotemporal influencing factors ; spatiotemporal estimation mapping ; Bayesian STVC model ; spatiotemporal nonstationary regression ; geographical data modeling analysis ; sports tourism ; spatial distribution ; geographic detector ; influencing factors ; China ; A-level scenic spots ; spatiotemporal evolution ; trend analysis ; Geodetector ; tourism economic vulnerability ; obstacle factors ; trend prediction ; major tourist cities ; tourism flow ; cellular signaling data ; social network analysis ; network connection ; node centrality ; communities ; relatedness between attractions ; online tourism reviews ; heterogeneous information network ; embedding ; attraction image ; topic extraction ; AGNES clustering ; tourist attraction clustering ; tourist attraction reachability space model ; space-time deduction ; tour route searching ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Air pollution is a worldwide environmental hazard that poses serious consequences not only for human health and the climate but also for agriculture, ecosystems, and cultural heritage, among other factors. According to the WHO, there are 8 million premature deaths every year as a result of exposure to ambient air pollution. In addition, more than 90% of the world’s population live in areas where the air quality is poor, exceeding the recommended limits. On the other hand, air pollution and the climate co-influence one another through complex physicochemical interactions in the atmosphere that alter the Earth’s energy balance and have implications for climate change and the air quality. It is important to measure specific atmospheric parameters and pollutant compound concentrations, monitor their variations, and analyze different scenarios with the aim of assessing the air pollution levels and developing early warning and forecast systems as a means of improving the air quality and safeguarding public health. Such measures can also form part of efforts to achieve a reduction in the number of air pollution casualties and mitigate climate change phenomena. This book contains contributions focusing on remote sensing techniques for evaluating air quality, including the use of in situ data, modeling approaches, and the synthesis of different instrumentations and techniques. The papers published in this book highlight the importance and relevance of air quality studies and the potential of remote sensing, particularly that conducted from Earth observation platforms, to shed light on this topic.
    Keywords: tropospheric NO2 concentrations ; nitrogen dioxide ; OMI ; spatio-temporal trends ; DBEST ; PolyTrend ; time-series analysis ; breakpoint detection ; air pollution ; TROPOMI ; COVID ; nitrogen oxides ; satellite-based ; NO2 ; land use regression ; exposure assessment ; carbon monoxide ; COVID-19 ; China ; surface concentration ; IASI ; drone ; UAV ; gas sensors ; odour ; industrial emissions ; mapping ; environmental monitoring ; aerosol optical depth ; CAMS ; machine learning ; MODIS ; urban form ; PM2.5 ; landscape metrics ; geographically weighted regression ; Yunnan Plateau ; biomass burning ; cross-border transport ; WRF-Chem ; formaldehyde ; trend ; satellite ; monitor ; annual ; seasonal ; temperature ; meteorology ; AOD ; Europe ; open data ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology & climatology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Adaptation to external changes is necessary for all cells to survive and thrive in diverse environments. Key to these responses are the MAPK-mediated signaling pathways, intracellular communication routes that sense stimuli at the cell surface, and are ubiquitous in all eukaryotic organisms. In the case of fungi, MAPKs mediate essential processes, such as adaptation to environmental stresses, morphology regulation, or developmental processes. First studied in the early nineties in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the fungal cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway has proven to be a central MAPK-mediated signaling cascade conserved in the fungal kingdom. Cells need to sense cell wall-perturbing conditions and mount the appropriate salvage response. Understanding this CWI pathway-mediated compensatory mechanism is key for the development of cell wall-targeted antifungal therapies. Moreover, its functional roles go beyond the maintenance of this essential structure, reaching many other physiological aspects that have major implications in development or virulence.In this Special Issue, expert researchers in this relevant subject have contributed with seven reviews and eleven original articles to advance our understanding of the CWI pathway by covering different structural, regulatory, and functional aspects in distinct yeasts and filamentous fungi.
    Keywords: Wsc1 ; membrane sensor ; SMALP ; detergent-free extraction ; fluorescence correlation spectroscopy ; transmission electron microscopy ; 3D reconstruction ; fission yeast ; MAPK ; cell integrity pathway ; S. japonicus ; S. pombe ; protein kinase C ; Pmk1 ; dimorphism ; hyphae ; yeast ; cell wall integrity ; phosphorylation ; azoles ; clotrimazole ; cytokinesis ; actomyosin ring ; septum ; cell integrity ; fungi ; cell wall ; cell wall proteins ; signaling pathways ; stress tolerance ; mannoprotein ; budding yeast ; morphology ; CalMorph ; cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway ; PKC ; GTPases ; MAP kinase ; morphogenesis ; virulence ; pathogenesis ; Hrr25 ; Mec1 ; Tel1 ; Pkc1 ; hydroxyurea ; UV irradiation ; cell wall integrity (CWI) ; Mtl1 ; autophagy ; glucose ; mitophagy ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; histidine kinase ; Paracoccidioides ; paracoccidioidomycosis ; cell cycle ; Slt2 ; checkpoint ; DNA damage ; conjugation ; ploidy ; lysis ; Cell Integrity Pathway ; stress ; CWI pathway ; UPR ; glucosamine ; tunicamycin ; N-glycosylation ; cell wall integrity pathway ; MAPK substrate ; kinase assay ; fungal cell wall ; cysteine-rich domain ; PAN domain ; aromatic clusters ; filamentous fungi ; signaling pathway ; surface sensor ; mitogen-activated protein kinase ; plant pathogen ; application ; fungicide ; drug target ; culture ; productivity ; stress response ; screening ; transcription ; essential genes ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Manufacturers of soft polymer products, as well as suppliers and processors of polymers, raw materials, and compounds or blends are compelled to use predictive and advanced laboratory testing in their search for high-performance soft polymer materials for future applications. The collection of 12 publications contained in this edition therefore presents different methods used to solve problems in the characterization of various phenomena in soft polymer materials, asks relevant questions and offers appropriate solutions.
    Keywords: ultraviolet radiation ; thermoplastic elastomer ; high vinyl S-B-S ; photoinitiator ; mechanical properties ; rubber ; curing ; bismaleimide ; tensile strength ; Diels–Alder reaction ; effective electrical resistance ; elastomer sensors ; natural rubber ; local strain ; conductive filler ; digital image correlation ; strain sweep ; rheometer ; rubber process analyzer ; swelling ; absorption ; infrared spectroscopy ; mass spectrometry ; gas chromatography ; mechanical behavior ; synthetic aviation fuels ; 3D printed elastomers ; elastomer ; fast characterization ; energy stored and released ; heat source reconstruction ; intrinsic dissipation ; infrared thermography ; engine mount ; elastomer characterisation ; experimental testing ; resonance frequency ; dynamic stiffness ; parameter identification ; electrodynamic shaker ; test bench ; cogging torque ; synchronous machine ; carbon black ; tensile ; Mullins effect ; Payne effect ; dynamic strain ; hysteresis ; material testing ; rheology ; Poisson’s ratio ; viscoelasticity ; plasticizer ; polarity ; carbon black network ; simultaneous mechanical and dielectric analysis ; mechanical stability ; glass transition ; kinetics ; resin ; BDS ; FDSC ; nanocomposites ; carbon nanotubes ; atomic force microscopy ; dynamical mechanical analysis ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This reprint provides information on the novel analytical methods used to address challenges occurring at academic, regulatory, and commercial level. All topics covered include information on the basic principles, procedures, advantages, limitations, and applications. Integration of biological reagents, (nano)materials, technologies, and physical principles (spectroscopy and spectrometry) are discussed. This reprint is ideal for professionals of the food industry, regulatory bodies, as well as researchers.
    Keywords: truffle ; T. melanosporum ; T. indicum ; real-time PCR ; RFLP ; quantitative evaluation ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Amyloid β ; amyloid β aggregation inhibitor ; quantum dot ; soy sauce ; doping ; sport ; contamination ; SARMs ; diuretics ; honey ; vibrational spectroscopy ; geographical origin ; chemometrics ; data fusion ; frequency mixing technology ; immunofiltration ; magnetic beads ; pesticide residues ; optical detection ; screening methods ; point-of-care diagnostics ; smartphones ; biosensors ; bioassays ; food ; routine testing ; high-resolution mass spectrometry ; feed ; water ; veterinary drug residues ; natural toxins ; pesticides ; food authenticity ; food microbiology ; immunoaffinity assays ; immunoagglutination ; immunosensors ; immunochromatographic testing ; immunomagnetic separation ; one health ; pathogenic micro-organisms ; responsive monitoring ; review ; serum ; lipidomics ; Lipidyzer™ ; LC-HRMS ; ractopamine ; β-agonist ; food safety ; portable food analyzer ; point-of-need ; ASSURED criteria ; portable mass spectrometer ; optical biosensor ; electrochemical biosensor ; microfluidic device ; lab-on-a-chip ; smartphone-based biosensor ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue of the journal Microorganisms highlights recent publications on the importance of the antimicrobial effect of probiotics. Current research is focused on finding novel or next-generation probiotic strains with antimicrobial properties that can efficiently modulate the ecological taxa composition and functionality of the human microbiota in the gut and beyond. Overall, this Special Issue has brought together new studies on the antimicrobial effects of various novel probiotics from the Weissella, Bacillus, Leuconostoc and Levilactobacillus genera, as well as well-known probiotic food supplements. It also highlights successful applications of probiotics for different infectious diseases including rotaviral gastrointestinal infections, wound infections and even COVID-19.
    Keywords: probiotic ; bacillus subtilis ; antimicrobial ; contact inhibition ; extreme environment ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; gut microbiome ; probiotics ; Lactobacillus ; Bifidobacteria ; Bacillus ; antimicrobial effect ; in vitro methods ; in silico methods ; carrots ; Caenorhabditis elegans ; pathogen resistance ; Bacillus subtilis ; antimicrobials ; foodborne pathogens ; microbiota ; rotaviruses ; anti-inflammatory ; anticancer ; GRAS ; starter culture ; food ; gut ; beneficial microbes ; wound pathogens ; skin pathogens ; agar spot ; co-culturing ; agar well diffusion ; molecular methods ; PCR ; bacteriocins ; lactic acid bacteria ; Gram-negative bacteria ; Gram-positive bacteria ; nanoencapsulation ; antimicrobial activity ; THP-1 ; dendritic cells ; Levilactobacillus brevis ; SlpB ; CAP-1 ; IL-12 ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Diet and physical activity are two key modifiable lifestyle factors that influence health across the lifespan (prevention and management of chronic diseases and reduction of the risk of premature death through several biological mechanisms). Community-based interventions contribute to public health, as they have the potential to reach high population-level impact, through the focus on groups that share a common culture or identity in their natural living environment. While the health benefits of a balanced diet and regular physical activity are commonly studied separately, interventions that combine these two lifestyle factors have the potential to induce greater benefits in community groups rather than strategies focusing only on one or the other. Thus, this Special Issue entitled “Combined Nutrition and Exercise Interventions in Community Groups” is comprised of manuscripts that highlight this combined approach (balanced diet and regular physical activity) in community settings. The contributors to this Special Issue are well-recognized professionals in complementary fields such as education, public health, nutrition, and exercise. This Special Issue highlights the latest research regarding combined nutrition and exercise interventions among different community groups and includes research articles developed through five continents (Africa, Asia, America, Europe and Oceania), as well as reviews and systematic reviews.
    Keywords: bone mineral density ; milk intake ; physical activity ; adolescence ; food insecurity ; hunger and health ; nutrition ; health intervention ; formative research ; abdominal obesity ; cardiorespiratory fitness ; hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype ; lifestyle intervention ; diet quality index ; community-based ; participatory research ; anthropometrics ; fruit and vegetable intake ; Cooperative Extension ; geriatric rehabilitation ; aging ; nutrition education ; aquatic resistance training ; COVID-19 ; dietary habits ; exercise pattern ; adolescents ; cohort study ; feasibility ; colorectal cancer screening ; hospital setting ; France ; health program ; lifestyle ; weight management ; prevention ; service evaluation ; health service ; physical fitness ; diet quality ; factor analysis ; structural equation modeling ; measurement equivalence/invariance ; metabolic syndrome ; cardiometabolic health ; healthy eating ; weight loss ; moderate-to-vigorous physical activity ; sleep ; lifestyle medicine ; preschool children ; motor skills ; Guam ; behaviour change techniques ; weight gain prevention ; reproductive age ; meta-analysis ; meta-regression ; systematic review ; web-based intervention ; health behaviour ; behaviour change ; primary prevention ; nutritionists ; counseling ; randomized controlled trial ; aerobic capacity ; mhealth ; diet ; tailored intervention ; behavior change theory ; Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model ; women ; young adults ; college students ; brief intervention ; metabolic diseases ; gut microbiota ; physical exercise ; community-based intervention ; Latino fathers ; father’s parenting practices ; lifestyle behaviors ; diabetes intervention ; health belief model ; culturally sensitive ; diabetes prevention ; health promotion ; health behaviors ; low and middle income and countries ; community intervention ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The Special Issue Modeling and Simulation in Engineering, belonging to the section Engineering Mathematics of the Journal Mathematics, publishes original research papers involving advanced simulation and modeling techniques. The present reprint, “Modeling and Simulation in Engineering 2nd Edition, 2023”, contains 13 papers accepted after peer review by recognized specialists in the field. The papers address different topics in engineering that use modeling, optimization as well as experimental and numerical methods. The subject of the papers addresses technical problems such as adaptive contoller design for non-linear systems, simulation of light scattering produced by special paints, estimation of the magnetic field produced by overhead power lines, angle estimation using inertial measurement units, study of multiple transfer phenomena in viscuous fluid flow, optimization of aircraft tail using numerical methods, the study of new types of adjustable speed drives, investigation of nano-fluid flow in different systems, metaheuristic methods applied for maximum power point tracking in photovoltaic systems, as well as theoretical topics such as the use of surrogate models in optimization problems and characterization of structured singular values. It is hoped that the papers selected for thisSpecial Issue will attract a significant audience in the scientific community and will further stimulate research involving modelling and simulation in mathematical physics and in engineering.
    Keywords: eigenvalues ; singular values ; structured singular values ; skewed structured singular values ; black-box dynamic system ; co-design and optimization ; surrogate model ; sequential sampling ; termination criterion ; hybrid nanofluid ; heat and mass transfer flow ; MHD ; Fe3O4–PPy hybrid nanoparticles ; interfacial nanolayer ; activation energy ; Brownian ; motion ; nanofluids ; thermophoresis ; bio-convection ; power-law fluid ; pile bearing capacity ; genetic programming ; artificial bee colony ; gray wolf optimization ; optimization purposes ; homopolar-type rotor ; magnetic adjustable speed drive ; analytical analysis ; operating characteristics ; fiber-reinforced composites ; finite element analysis ; delamination ; inspection interval ; aircraft tail wing structure ; gyrotactic micro-organisms ; curved stretching sheet ; slip condition ; Brownian diffusion ; MPPT ; solar PV system ; optimization techniques ; inertial measurement unit ; accelerometer ; gyroscope ; magnetometer ; electro-goniometer ; joint angle ; rigid body ; sensor fusion ; Madgwick filter ; Kalman filter ; magnetic field survey ; experimental determination of magnetic fields ; modeling and simulation of OPLs ; light scattering ; dispersed medium ; lighting simulation ; paint realistic rendering ; BRDF ; active air suspension ; nonlinear systems ; uncertainties ; adaptive control ; Lyapunov stability ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Membrane proteins are essential for the diverse biological functions of the cells and intercellular communication in living organisms. With the recent developments in the methodologies, the research on membrane proteins has been undergoing a major transformation. In this informative book, the biological and dynamic behaviour of membrane proteins are introduced, discussed, and reviewed by some of the leading researchers in the field. The main objective of this compendium is to present the recent research in the fundamental and advanced concepts and methodologies used for studying membrane proteins. Membrane protein purification and reconstitution, protein–lipid interaction, ion/substrate transport, conformational and functional dynamics, the interaction of infectious agents, cell death, and organelle morphology are among the topics that are covered. This reprint is intended for a broad range of novice and experienced scientists with different levels of experience, from biophysicists and biochemists to microbiologists, cell biologists, and physiologists.
    Keywords: band 3 ; red blood cells ; antimalarial drugs ; molecular docking ; molecular dynamics ; membrane mechanics ; flicker-noise spectroscopy ; neurodegeneration ; amyloid-beta peptides ; pressure wave ; giant unilamellar vesicles ; membrane protein ; lipid bilayer ; membrane mimetic ; potassium channels ; tetraalkylammonium salts ; protein thermal stability ; homo-FRET ; C-type inactivation ; binding affinity ; selectivity filter conformation ; steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy ; long-chain fatty acid ; proton transfer ; purine nucleotide ; conductance measurements in model membranes ; uncoupling ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Betacoronavirus ; Coronaviridae ; transmembrane proteins ; pathogenesis ; inflammation ; immunity ; vaccines ; CA3-CA1 synapses ; NMDA ; AMPA ; systems biology ; multiscale modeling ; Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses ; fatty acid anion transport ; proton transport ; ADP/ATP carrier protein ; mitochondrial transporter ; arachidonic acid ; long-chain fatty acids ; nitric oxide ; ferroptosis ; lipid peroxidation ; lipoxygenase structure ; O2 and NO● binding mechanisms ; 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (1-SA-2-ETE-PE or SAPE) ; lipidomics ; MD simulations ; influenza virus fusion peptides ; peptide-membrane interactions ; membrane fusion ; membrane ; peptidoglycan ; efflux pump assembly ; resistance ; Pseudomonas ; AAA-type protease ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; FtsH metalloprotease ; chloroplast ; embryo lethal ; leaf variegation ; plastid biogenesis ; protein import ; oxidative stress ; lipid–protein interaction ; cryo-electron microscopy ; hydrogen–deuterium exchange mass spectrometry ; native mass spectrometry ; single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer ; double electron–electron resonance ; angulin-1 ; LSR ; tricellulin ; tricellular tight junction ; paracellular water transport ; tight epithelium ; MDCK C7 cells ; intermediate-tight epithelium ; HT-29/B6 cells ; apoptosis ; mitochondria ; Bcl-2 family ; Bax ; Bid ; protein–protein interaction ; protein oligomerization ; fluorescence ; single particle detection ; tetraspanins ; CD81 ; CD82 ; gangliosides ; single-molecule tracking ; microdomain ; membrane diffusion ; fluorescence microscopy ; integral membrane protein ; membrane lipid ; structure ; function ; oligomeric state ; cryo-EM ; advanced mass spectrometry ; membrane mimetic systems ; HMG-CoA reductase ; HMGR ; HMGR vesicle ; ER-HMGR domain ; mevalonate ; endoplasmic reticulum ; OSER ; high-pressure freezing ; chemical fixation ; Archaerhodopsin-3 ; microfluidics ; cell-free gene expression ; cytochrome b5 reductase ; cytochrome b5 ; superoxide anion radical ; electron transfer ; protein intrinsic dynamics ; odorant receptor ; chemosensory ; membrane traffic ; heterologous expression ; mitochondrial carriers ; uncoupling proteins ; ADP/ATP carrier ; membrane protein structure and function ; regulation and mechanism of proton transport ; membrane protein oligomerization ; ATP synthesis ; biphasic proton transport model ; alternating access mechanism ; reactive oxygen species control ; chloroplast-targeting pathways ; chloroplast outer membrane proteome ; signal anchored protein ; tail anchored protein ; β-barrel protein ; β-signal ; chloroplast transit peptide ; TOC complex ; AKR2 ; OEP80 ; ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ; multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporter ; monosaccharide transporter (MST) ; sucrose transporter (SUT) ; amino acid transporter ; detoxification ; nutrient transport ; stress adaptation ; proton gradient ; cellular pH ; small HSP ; membrane chaperone ; membrane fluidity ; stress response ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: In nature, urban groundwater results in multiple processes, including climatic, geological, geomorphological, geochemical, ecotoxicological, and hydraulic processes, in addition to sanitation, all of which sustain varied ecological services. Urban development profoundly impacts hydrological systems, particularly in the invisible component of the water cycle, the groundwater. That impact was perceived a considerable while in the past, and the initial focus was drawn to societal roles in the development of urbanisation and the consequent contamination and pollution of hydrosystems. Additional issues in sustainable water resource management and hydrological cycle comprehension are added by urbanisation. The Special Issue highlights the presentation and discussion of model urban studies and reflections that describe the current state-of-the-art methods on challenges and emerging fields related to the mapping, characterisation, assessment, mitigation, and protection of sustainable groundwater systems in peri-urban and urban areas. In the current year, 2022, World Water Day was dedicated to groundwater, and the process of making the invisible visible. This Special Issue offers a set of papers that promote reflections, methodologies, and learned studies on the importance of fresh water in urban areas.
    Keywords: water resources carrying capacity ; load-balance ; system dynamics model ; water resources allocation ; Jilin province ; wildfire ; peri-urban area ; groundwater quality ; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; major ions ; metals ; urban groundwater ; hydrogeochemistry ; hydrodynamics ; IPI-Urban ; NW Portugal ; emergency groundwater source ; numerical model ; drawdown ; in situ hydrogeological tests ; salinity ; ions ; semi-arid region ; Mewat ; Haryana ; environmental isotope ; δ2H ; municipal solid waste ; leachate contamination ; natural tracers ; coal mine wastewater quality ; irrigation ; heavy metals ; water quality index ; environmental impact ; groundwater sustainable management ; groundwater abstraction ; seawater intrusion ; numerical modelling ; coastal aquifer ; urban water-supply ; groundwater ; private self-supply ; management issues ; water supply system ; volcanism ; eruptive scenarios ; vulnerability ; Azores ; wellhead protection area ; numerical modeling ; analytical methods ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The Special Issue "Mapping, Monitoring and Assessing Disasters" includes recent advances and results from research in the field of disaster detection and monitoring, and disaster impact assessment and mapping. It includes 10 research articles on multiparametric and interdisciplinary research on disaster phenomena related to geophysical and hydrometeorological hazards (e.g., earthquakes, landslides, tsunami, medicanes, megafires) that have occurred in various regions of Greece, New Zealand and Chile. These approaches constitute a useful and effective tool for mapping, monitoring and assessing disasters in areas with similar geodynamic settings and geoenvironmental properties worldwide.
    Keywords: coastal areas ; landslides ; lidar ; UAS ; remote sensing ; coastal development ; TLS ; Ionian ; Ionian Islands ; Cephalonia–Lefkada Transform Fault Zone ; seismicity ; ground deformation ; GNSS ; seismic hazard ; seismic swarm ; seismology ; geodesy ; double-difference relocation ; Coulomb stress transfer ; Thiva ; Greece ; Arkalochori ; Messara Basin ; Heraklion Basin ; Kastelli fault zone ; supra detachment basin ; fault segmentation ; DInSAR ; earthquake-induced landslides ; landslide inventory ; event inventories ; rockfalls ; contemporary sources ; landslide susceptibility ; earthquake-induced landslide susceptibility ; Analytic Hierarchy Process ; Ionian Sea ; Cephalonia ; tsunami inundation ; historical records ; hazard risk exposure ; Pacific ; BG-Flood ; RiskScape ; photogrammetry ; viewing angle ; oblique ; nadir ; mapping ; geomorphology ; wildfires ; geospatial intelligence ; web app ; operational mapping ; burn severity ; soil erosion ; Attica ; RUSLE (revised universal soil loss equation) ; NBR (normalized burn ratio) ; remote sensing (rs) ; wildfire ; ignition risk ; model ; megafire ; climate change ; bagged decision tree ; wildland urban interface ; rapid mapping ; Sentinel-2 ; Ianos ; Medicane ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Today, spectrometric and spectroscopic techniques are the gold standard for studying food quality and safety. They are ideal and versatile tools in the evaluation of functional components, such as proteins and lipids, as well as key components related to food safety, such as pesticide residues, pollutants, authentication, and illicit adulterants. Spectrometry and spectroscopy are also the cornerstone of many modern biochemical techniques, such as proteomics and metabolomics. This Special Issue, entitled "Recent Advances of Spectrometric and Spectroscopic Techniques in Food Quality and Safety" introduced explorations and advancements in food quality and safety and prospects for future application trends related to spectrometry and spectroscopy.
    Keywords: surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ; carbendazim ; probability of detection model ; semi-quantitative analysis ; rapid detection method evaluation ; Raman spectroscopy ; digital farming ; harvest maturity assessment ; fruit and seeds quality diagnostics ; non-invasive phenotyping ; non-centrifugal cane sugar (NCS) ; GC-O-MS ; fingerprint ; orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) ; tetrodotoxin ; Takifugu obscurus ; solid-phase microextraction ; ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry ; aflatoxin B1 ; edible oil ; chromatographic technology ; spectroscopic technology ; biosensor technology ; recognition elements ; fish scraps ; fish soup ; GC × GC-O-MS ; AEDA ; r-OAV ; coffee ; E-nose ; GC-IMS ; volatile organic components ; hypoglycemic activity ; hypolipidemic activity ; Angelica keiskei ; flavonoid ; function evaluation ; black garlic ; S-allyl-cysteine ; sensory quality ; polyphenol ; freezing ; high hydrostatic pressure ; medicine and food homology ; spectroscopy ; pesticides ; analytical methods ; grapes and wines ; sustainable viticulture ; pasteurized yogurt ; dynamic headspace sampling (DHS) ; odor-active compounds ; PLS-DA ; Chihuahua cheese ; histamine ; tyramine ; hdc and tdc genes ; HDC and TDC proteins ; seafood ; molecular species ; mass spectrum ; quantification ; identification ; lipid ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-07-21
    Description: Weder in der Technikphilosophie noch in der technischen Bildung besteht Übereinkunft hinsichtlich der Verwendung des Begriffs Technik. Da verwundert es nicht, dass auch die empirische Erforschung des Technikbegriffs von Kindern und Jugendlichen ein Forschungsdesiderat darstellt. Im Rahmen der hier vorgelegten Arbeit soll diesem Desiderat nachgegangen werden. Mittels Alltagssprachlichem Struktur-Lege-Spiel und Fragebogen wird untersucht, welche subjektiven Vorstellungen Kinder und Jugendliche bezüglich des Begriffs Technik zum Ausdruck bringen und wie stabil diese Begriffe sind. Die Aussagen der Kinder und Jugendlichen werden mittels strukturierender Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Im Zentrum steht dabei das entwickelte Kategoriensystem, mit dem die Technikbegriffe aus den kindlichen bzw. jugendlichen Aussagen erfasst werden. Zusammenfassend lässt sich festhalten, dass keine typischen Technikbegriffe aus dem Datenmaterial herausgearbeitet werden können. Die Technikbegriffe der befragten Kinder und Jugendlichen unterscheiden sich stark. Allerdings kann gezeigt werden, dass die Kinder und Jugendlichen zum Teil scharfsinnige Gedanken über Technik zum Ausdruck bringen.
    Keywords: Technikbegriff ; Schülervorstellungen ; Schülerlabor ; Empirische Bildungsforschung ; Subjektive Theorien ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general::GPS Research methods: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNU Teaching of a specific subject ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNW Extra-curricular activities ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::Y Children's, Teenage & educational::YQ Educational material::YQS Educational: Sciences, general science ; bic Book Industry Communication::Y Children's, Teenage & educational::YQ Educational material::YQT Educational: Technology
    Language: German
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The increase in the volume of industrially processed products in the global food supply has coincided with an increasing prevalence of obesity and non-communicable diseases in many countries, suggesting that ultra-processed food consumption may be detrimental for human health. However, studies are still limited and underline the need to better understand the main determinants of their consumption and the mechanisms that may explain the associations between these products and human health. This Special Issue collected new studies investigating the relationship between the consumption of ultra-processed foods, diet quality and human health, including those aiming to: Develop new tools to better determine the rate of consumption of ultra-processed foods in the population; Investigate the rate of consumption of ultra-processed foods in different subgroups of the population, including subjects following different dietary patterns; Analyse the relationship between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and markers of health status; Explore possible mechanisms behind associations between the consumption of processed foods and health By providing up-to-date assessments of ultra-processed foods consumption and health implications, these reports will contribute to understanding if future public health nutrition policies are needed.
    Keywords: ultra-processed foods ; NOVA classification ; NFFQ ; Mediterranean diet ; Medi-Lite ; whole grain ; grains ; ultra-processed ; dietitian ; education ; NOVA ; geographic variability ; dietary patterns ; maternal diet ; perinatal outcomes ; ultra-processed food ; diet ; inflammation ; high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ; non-communicable diseases ; cross-sectional ; social media ; social network site ; Internet ; cookery channels ; recipe quality ; cooking instruction ; obesity ; cafeteria diet (CAF) ; gut microbiota ; short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) ; zinc (Zn) ; diet quality ; pregnancy ; postpartum ; dietary guidelines ; non communicable disease ; protein leverage hypothesis ; macronutrient intake ; liver health markers ; fatty liver index ; hepatic steatosis index ; metabolic syndrome ; long-term consumption ; diabetes ; China ; adults ; food processing ; food group ; macronutrients ; Switzerland ; Swiss adults ; menuCH ; incident hypertension ; nutritional psychiatry ; depression ; depressive symptoms ; Mediterranean dietary patterns ; eating healthy ; lifestyle ; pandemic ; youths ; children ; adolescents ; preschoolers ; celiac disease ; gluten-free diet ; meal timing ; late eating ; low-grade inflammation ; chronic diseases ; food label ; NOVA system ; front-of-pack labelling ; general population ; mental health ; cardiometabolic risk ; cohort study systematic review ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This book focuses on the effect of natural substances, bioactive compounds and bacteriocins on rabbit production and reproduction, performance, gastrointestinal microbiota, health parameters, and metabolic processes in rabbits. Obtained information may help in the utilization of natural additives in human and veterinary healthcare without negative impact on environment and animal welfare. Finally, special attention is given to urgent need for more studies to understand the metabolic processes of natural compounds on a molecular level, to establish the beneficial dose.
    Keywords: receptivity ; fertility ; estrogen ; LH ; milk production ; rabbit ; thymol ; absorption ; distribution ; accumulation ; excretion ; Goji fruit ; intestinal bacterial community ; caecum ; lactic acid ; ammonium ; rabbit meat quality ; rosemary essential oil ; ginger essential oil ; growth performance ; lipid profile ; antioxidant balance ; ethyl esters ; linseed oil ; fatty acids ; hair coat ; enterocin ; health ; immunity ; microbiota ; prevention ; agave ; intestinal mucosa ; natural products ; biological activity ; human ; animal ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFZ Animals & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint presents proceedings resulting from the IX Iberian Congress of Ichthyology held in Porto, Portugal from 20th to 23rd June 2022. Published conference abstracts, presented as oral or poster communications, have been previously approved by the scientific conference committee and the original research content was double peer-reviewed. Overall, the reprint focuses on fundamental and applied ichthyological research developed mainly in the Iberian Peninsula.
    Keywords: bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAF Fisheries & related industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Membrane proteins are essential for the diverse biological functions of the cells and intercellular communication in living organisms. With the recent developments in the methodologies, the research on membrane proteins has been undergoing a major transformation. In this informative book, the biological and dynamic behaviour of membrane proteins are introduced, discussed, and reviewed by some of the leading researchers in the field. The main objective of this compendium is to present the recent research in the fundamental and advanced concepts and methodologies used for studying membrane proteins. Membrane protein purification and reconstitution, protein–lipid interaction, ion/substrate transport, conformational and functional dynamics, the interaction of infectious agents, cell death, and organelle morphology are among the topics that are covered. This reprint is intended for a broad range of novice and experienced scientists with different levels of experience, from biophysicists and biochemists to microbiologists, cell biologists, and physiologists.
    Keywords: band 3 ; red blood cells ; antimalarial drugs ; molecular docking ; molecular dynamics ; membrane mechanics ; flicker-noise spectroscopy ; neurodegeneration ; amyloid-beta peptides ; pressure wave ; giant unilamellar vesicles ; membrane protein ; lipid bilayer ; membrane mimetic ; potassium channels ; tetraalkylammonium salts ; protein thermal stability ; homo-FRET ; C-type inactivation ; binding affinity ; selectivity filter conformation ; steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy ; long-chain fatty acid ; proton transfer ; purine nucleotide ; conductance measurements in model membranes ; uncoupling ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Betacoronavirus ; Coronaviridae ; transmembrane proteins ; pathogenesis ; inflammation ; immunity ; vaccines ; CA3-CA1 synapses ; NMDA ; AMPA ; systems biology ; multiscale modeling ; Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses ; fatty acid anion transport ; proton transport ; ADP/ATP carrier protein ; mitochondrial transporter ; arachidonic acid ; long-chain fatty acids ; nitric oxide ; ferroptosis ; lipid peroxidation ; lipoxygenase structure ; O2 and NO● binding mechanisms ; 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (1-SA-2-ETE-PE or SAPE) ; lipidomics ; MD simulations ; influenza virus fusion peptides ; peptide-membrane interactions ; membrane fusion ; membrane ; peptidoglycan ; efflux pump assembly ; resistance ; Pseudomonas ; AAA-type protease ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; FtsH metalloprotease ; chloroplast ; embryo lethal ; leaf variegation ; plastid biogenesis ; protein import ; oxidative stress ; lipid–protein interaction ; cryo-electron microscopy ; hydrogen–deuterium exchange mass spectrometry ; native mass spectrometry ; single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer ; double electron–electron resonance ; angulin-1 ; LSR ; tricellulin ; tricellular tight junction ; paracellular water transport ; tight epithelium ; MDCK C7 cells ; intermediate-tight epithelium ; HT-29/B6 cells ; apoptosis ; mitochondria ; Bcl-2 family ; Bax ; Bid ; protein–protein interaction ; protein oligomerization ; fluorescence ; single particle detection ; tetraspanins ; CD81 ; CD82 ; gangliosides ; single-molecule tracking ; microdomain ; membrane diffusion ; fluorescence microscopy ; integral membrane protein ; membrane lipid ; structure ; function ; oligomeric state ; cryo-EM ; advanced mass spectrometry ; membrane mimetic systems ; HMG-CoA reductase ; HMGR ; HMGR vesicle ; ER-HMGR domain ; mevalonate ; endoplasmic reticulum ; OSER ; high-pressure freezing ; chemical fixation ; Archaerhodopsin-3 ; microfluidics ; cell-free gene expression ; cytochrome b5 reductase ; cytochrome b5 ; superoxide anion radical ; electron transfer ; protein intrinsic dynamics ; odorant receptor ; chemosensory ; membrane traffic ; heterologous expression ; mitochondrial carriers ; uncoupling proteins ; ADP/ATP carrier ; membrane protein structure and function ; regulation and mechanism of proton transport ; membrane protein oligomerization ; ATP synthesis ; biphasic proton transport model ; alternating access mechanism ; reactive oxygen species control ; chloroplast-targeting pathways ; chloroplast outer membrane proteome ; signal anchored protein ; tail anchored protein ; β-barrel protein ; β-signal ; chloroplast transit peptide ; TOC complex ; AKR2 ; OEP80 ; ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ; multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporter ; monosaccharide transporter (MST) ; sucrose transporter (SUT) ; amino acid transporter ; detoxification ; nutrient transport ; stress adaptation ; proton gradient ; cellular pH ; small HSP ; membrane chaperone ; membrane fluidity ; stress response ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Marine ecosystems encompass a wide variety of invertebrates, including pelagic and benthonic ones, from intertidal to deep-sea habitats in polar and tropical regions. In addition to their high environmental importance, some marine invertebrates also have great economic value. However, despite all of the research that has been conducted so far, much still remains to be learned about these animals. This Special Issue collects articles providing new and relevant information about some marine invertebrates, namely, echinoderms, crustaceans, placozoans, molluscs and annelids. In these articles, a variety of research methods were applied in order to progress our understanding of these marine animals, including light and electron microscopy, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, flow cytometry, and cell and tissue cultures.
    Keywords: holothuroidea ; deep sea ; elasipodida ; anatomy ; morphology ; sea cucumbers ; crustacean ; vasculature ; extracellular matrix ; basement membrane ; connective tissue sheath ; fibrillin ; Trichoplax ; Placozoa ; cell type evolution ; gravireception ; crystal cell ; biomineralization ; lithocyte ; oesophagus ; stomach ; intestine ; electron microscopy ; histochemistry ; Polyplacophora ; sea cucumber ; intestine explant ; in vitro ; regeneration ; organ culture ; coelomic fluid ; sea urchin ; echinoderm ; HepG2 cells ; apoptosis ; cell cycle ; acidic vesicular organelles ; mitochondrial transmembrane potential ; reactive oxygen species ; wound healing assay ; neuropil ; nerve ; reduction ; nuchal organ ; antenna ; palp ; eye ; histology ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology & animal sciences
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    Springer Nature | Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Dieser Open-Access-Sammelband hinterfragt, wie sich internationale Kulturzusammenarbeit zwischen Ländern unterschiedlicher Kultursysteme und -traditionen erreichen lässt. In Deutschland ist Auswärtige Kulturpolitik von dem Gedanken geleitet, dass globale Herausforderungen Multilateralismus erfordern. Im chinesischen Diskurs dagegen finden andere Kernbegriffe wie z.B. „Tianxia“ Verwendung, die im nicht-chinesischen Kontext einer Interpretation bedürfen. Um der Differenz – aber auch den Gemeinsamkeiten – auf den Grund zu gehen, untersuchen Wissenschaftler*innen und Praktiker*innen aus China und Deutschland Selbst- und Fremdwahrnehmungen sowie Kooperationen in kulturellen Begegnungen. Auf diese Weise sollen Grundlagen für ein besseres gegenseitiges Verständnis sowie für kulturelle Kooperation zwischen beiden Ländern ermöglicht werden.
    Keywords: Auswärtige Kulturpolitik ; Kulturaustausch ; Forschungszusammenarbeit ; Tianxia ; Deutschland ; Globale Herausforderung ; China ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFS Globalization ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTQ Globalization
    Language: German
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The Special Issue Modeling and Simulation in Engineering, belonging to the section Engineering Mathematics of the Journal Mathematics, publishes original research papers dealing with advanced simulation and modeling techniques. The present book, “Modeling and Simulation in Engineering I, 2022”, contains 14 papers accepted after peer review by recognized specialists in the field. The papers address different topics occurring in engineering, such as ferrofluid transport in magnetic fields, non-fractal signal analysis, fractional derivatives, applications of swarm algorithms and evolutionary algorithms (genetic algorithms), inverse methods for inverse problems, numerical analysis of heat and mass transfer, numerical solutions for fractional differential equations, Kriging modelling, theory of the modelling methodology, and artificial neural networks for fault diagnosis in electric circuits. It is hoped that the papers selected for this issue will attract a significant audience in the scientific community and will further stimulate research involving modelling and simulation in mathematical physics and in engineering.
    Keywords: category theory ; mathematical modelling ; abstraction ; formal approaches ; functors ; surrogate model ; Kriging ; high-dimensional problems ; principal component dimension reduction ; trochoidal milling ; variable feed ; spiral groove ; CAM ; Levy walks ; anomalous diffusion ; fractional material derivative ; combustion process ; local estimate ; Monte Carlo method ; modeling ; analog circuits ; fault diagnosis ; neural networks ; carbon nanotubes ; heat transfer ; nanofluid ; rotating ; stretching/shrinking ; adjoint ; gradient-descent ; junctions ; transport equation ; unsteady flow ; rotation ; hybrid nanofluid ; stretching sheet ; radiation ; inverse modeling ; calcium leaching ; grout curtain ; hydraulic conductivity ; optimization ; fuzzy model ; response surface methodology ; diesel engine performance ; biodiesel ; anomalous diffusion equation ; continuous time random walk ; roughness scaling extraction ; fractal dimension ; accelerated algorithm ; Weierstrass–Mandelbrot function ; milling vibration signal ; spot volatility ; change of frequency ; roughness of volatility ; hurst exponent ; Chinese A-share market ; ferrofluidslip effect ; Stefan blowing ; thermodiffusion ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Cumulative evidence demonstrates that healthy nutrient intake and regular physical exercise are both powerful lifestyle strategies that modulate lifelong health through their ability to improve body composition, musculoskeletal health, sex steroid hormones, sleep quality, and physical and cognitive performance, as well as to prevent chronic diseases across the lifespan, especially in women. While the benefits of nutrition and physical exercise are commonly studied separately, the integration of nutrition and physical exercise has the potential to produce greater benefits in women than strategies focusing only on one or the other. Studying the specificities of women in response to interventions is of the utmost importance for providing optimal healthcare and aids the design of guidelines that are better suited for women. A better knowledge regarding nutrient intake and physical exercise and their interaction in women is therefore needed. This Special Issue entitled “nutrient intake and physical exercise as modulators of healthy women” will comprise manuscripts that highlight this integrational approach as a potential modulator of lifelong outcomes in women.
    Keywords: soy ; ambulatory blood pressure monitoring ; aerobic exercise ; menopause ; blood pressure variability ; sedentary ; sex difference ; exercise intensity ; ventilation threshold ; fat oxidation ; octanoate ; decanoate ; women ; sex hormones ; menstrual cycle ; exercise performance ; nutritional intake ; macronutrients ; interindividual variability ; physical exercise ; aging ; oxidative stress ; antioxidant ; muscle contraction performance ; diabetes ; sarcopenia ; dietary fiber ; hypertension ; obesity ; metabolomics ; nuclear magnetic resonance ; diet ; nutrition ; dietary habits ; uterine leiomyoma ; endometriosis ; polycystic ovary syndrome ; gynecological malignancies ; normal weight obesity ; high-protein diet ; high protein snack ; body composition ; dieting ; emotional eating ; uncontrolled eating ; rumination ; weight ; restraint theory ; physical activity ; psychological aspects ; body image ; preference ; college women ; body size ; dietary restraint ; dietary behaviors ; diet quality ; online survey ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a severe and progressive disorder affecting the blood vessels in the lungs. Typically, symptoms first appear at around 30–40 years of age and, without treatment, can lead to fatal heart disease within a few years. Genetic studies over the past decade have identified numerous genes that contribute to disease progression but, for many sufferers, the underlying genetic cause remains elusive. The collection of reviews and original research articles contained within this book provide an overview of recent advancements in understanding the genetic risk factors for pulmonary arterial hypertension. We further examine the emerging interplay between genetic variants and clinical outcomes, providing a framework for new treatments and improved patient care.
    Keywords: pulmonary arterial hypertension ; massive parallel sequencing ; NGS ; digenic inheritance ; and genetics ; BMPR2 promoter ; pathogenic variant ; heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension ; genetic analysis ; NGS gene panel ; BMPR2 ; TBX4 ; GDF2 ; EIF2AK4 ; genomics ; pediatrics ; lung disease ; endothelial cells ; smooth muscle cells ; DNA damage ; DNA repair ; expression quantitative trait locus ; eQTL ; blood ; genetics ; exome sequencing ; molecular genetics ; paediatrics ; bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 ; heritable ; familial ; estrogen ; estradiol ; penetrance ; gender ; PAH ; forward phenotyping ; forward genetics ; reverse genetics ; reverse phenotyping ; intermediate phenotypes ; whole-genome sequencing ; epigenetic inheritance ; genetic heterogeneity ; phenotypic heterogeneity ; pulmonary hypertension ; bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 ; signaling ; repurposed drugs ; pharmaceuticals ; miRNA ; clinical trials ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: The researchers involved in this reprint will continue their studies to improve the existent dental biomaterials in order to achieve optimal dental treatment with biocompatible, bioactive, and stable properties. As the Guest Editors, we sincerely value and thank the reviewers for their insightful comments and the support of the team at Bioengineering. Finally, we express our gratitude to all contributing authors for their valuable research. Altogether, the 16 research papers/reviews in this Special Issue entitled "Recent Advances in Biomaterials and Dental Disease" reflect the importance of in vitro and in vivo studies for improving the efficacy of using biomaterials in dental treatment.
    Keywords: adhesion ; bonding ; dental porcelain ; glass ceramics ; orthodontic bracket ; shear strength ; aligner ; cytotoxicity ; estrogenicity ; invisalign ; monomer ; retainer ; 3D resin ; endodontic sealer ; polyphenols ; resveratrol ; pyrogallol ; biological activity ; piezoelectric surgery ; endodonticsurgery ; crack formation ; ultrasonic tip ; retropreparation ; antibacterial effect ; dental impressions ; disinfectant agents ; disinfection ; oral bacteria ; implant periapical lesion ; implant failure ; peri-implantitis ; endodontic surgery ; complication ; retreatment procedure ; filling materials removal ; revision system ; sonic activation ; oval-shaped canal ; decontamination ; lithium disilicate ; resin ; saliva ; shear bond strength ; crowns ; fixed prosthodontics ; resin composite ; survival ; bond strength ; contact angle ; dentin ; desensitizers ; resin cements ; 3D printing ; digital light processing ; interim crown ; in vivo study ; wear ; endodontists ; general practicing dentists ; root canal treatment ; quality ; undergraduate students ; traumatic dental injury ; tooth fracture ; adhesive reattachment ; pulp ; regeneration ; revitalization ; transplant ; root ; maxillary premolars ; upper premolars ; canal ; root canal anomalies ; anatomical variations ; root morphology ; coneless ; MEA technique ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Energy storage and conversion are crucial research and industry topics, especially within the context of sustainable development. Scientific and technological progress in these fields have the potential to improve energy use efficiency across traditional, renewable and unconventional sources. Energy storage technologies, including batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors (ultracapacitors) and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), combined with decreasing costs, are creating new scenarios and opportunities in the development and market of energy generation, grids, industrial plants, complex systems and consumer electronics. This reprint collected some of the latest developments and applications in these interdisciplinary fields, offering a common framework for authors from different research areas.
    Keywords: energy storage ; energy conversion ; power generation ; power systems ; renewable energy ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Physical activity and nutrition are two of the most important modifiable lifestyle factors affecting health status, both in healthy people and in special populations with metabolic disorders and non-communicable diseases (e.g., obesity and type 2 diabetes (DM2)). Moreover, assessing these aspects is mandatory to implement healthy lifestyle habits and modifications properly. The aim of this Special Issue is to expand the knowledge regarding physical activity and human nutrition, with an emphasis on the assessment and evaluation of public health, in healthy people, athletes, and both general and pathological populations, during the entire lifespan. We also present some papers that focus on the importance of evaluation through surveys, tests, or other forms of evaluation in different settings (i.e., sport and clinical practice) to better orient interventions for public health improvement.
    Keywords: Physical activity ; &nbsp ; healthy nutrition ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint focuses on applied research on growth traits, fat reserves, fatty acid profiles and enriched diets and their effects on reproduction, health status and welfare. The studies contained in the volume have been carried out in both monogastric organisms and ruminants, fish, broilers or pigeons. Fundamental studies with rats or mice are also presented. The reader will find novel research about the effects of the degree of fatness and muscularity determined by ultrasound method on sows´ reproductive performance, genetic studies on fatty acid profiles and growth traits in rabbits and Gilthead Seabream; nutritional studies addressing diets enriched with bee pollen in rats, postbiotics in male rabbits, concentrate and bypass supplementations in buffaloes; and interesting studies on the welfare assessment of meat sheep, rabbits, racing pigeons, broilers, alpacas and llamas using body condition measurements.
    Keywords: gilts ; litter ; parity ; sows ; ultrasonography ; Aloka SSD-500 ; acrylamide ; alcohol ; diet ; bone health ; biochemical analysis ; morphological analysis ; microcomputed tomography ; mice ; Cornelian cherry ; diabetes mellitus ; bone quality ; biochemistry ; histomorphometry ; Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats ; body condition ; fertility ; litter size variability ; rabbits ; selection ; estradiol ; foetuses ; leptin ; NEFA ; progesterone ; perirenal fat thickness ; placenta ; ovulation rate ; cross-fostering ; piglets ; growth performance ; stress status ; immunoglobulin ; buffaloes ; economy ; growth ; Murrah crossbred ; Swamp ; fermented food ; hepatic profile ; lactic acid bacteria ; postbiotic ; rabbit ; semen profile ; bee pollen ; nutrition ; bone structure ; rat ; body condition score ; body measurements ; fat depots ; goats ; prediction equation ; ultrasound ; bypass fat ; buffalo ; concentrate ; performance ; supplementation ; blood biochemical ; cost analysis ; animal-based measures ; indicators ; sheep welfare ; stress ; South American camelids ; anaemia ; nutritional status ; emaciation ; clinical scores ; haematology ; control population ; genetic parameters ; growth rate ; slaughter weight ; variability of growth traits ; weaning weight ; Columba livia domestica ; infectious diseases ; serum corticosterone ; welfare ; fatty acid profile ; heritability ; gilthead seabream ; body weight ; moisture ; fat ; collagen ; protein ; embryo ; MUFA ; ovulation ; PUFA ; SFA ; broiler ileum ; cold stimulation ; immunoglobulins ; cytokines ; toll-like receptors ; heat shock proteins ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFZ Animals & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The purpose of the Special Issue was to collect the results of research and experience on the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for the energy sector and the energy market, broadly understood, that were visible after a year. In particular, the impact of COVID-19 on the energy sector in the EU, including Poland, and the US was examined. The topics concerned various issues, e.g., the situation of energy companies, including those listed on the stock exchange, mining companies, and those dealing with renewable energy. The topics related to the development of electromobility, managerial competences, energy expenditure of local government units, sustainable development of energy, and energy poverty during a pandemic were also discussed.
    Keywords: energy manager ; competences ; labor market ; energy industry ; COVID-19 ; decarbonizing transport ; energy efficiency ; electrify transport ; zero-emissions vehicles ; sustainable transport ; electric car charging points ; novel coronavirus pandemic ; alternative energy ; stock market sectors ; stock market companies ; energy ; energy company ; efficiency ; financial analysis ; pandemic ; environmental protection ; environmental problems ; greenhouse gas ; particulate matter (PM) ; renewable energy ; corruption ; electromobility ; companies in the Transport-Shipping-Logistics Sector ; pandemic-COVID-19 ; development ; self-government units ; energy consumption ; monitoring ; energy consumption effectiveness ; sustainable energy development ; households ; OPEC ; crude price ; volatility ; storage crisis ; futures ; shale ; electric vehicles market and policy ; electric vehicles ; purchase intention ; e-mobility ; consumers preferences ; consumer decision making ; social values ; delay discounting ; cultural factors ; economic factors ; machine learning methods ; sustainability ; energy poverty ; economic uncertainty ; energy policy ; policy measures ; reducing energy intensity ; ranking of countries’ energy intensity ; multi-criteria analysis ; sectors of the economy ; economic effects of the pandemic ; social effects of the pandemic ; countries of Western Europe ; countries of Central and Eastern Europe ; mining sector ; initiatives and adaptation measures ; economic situation ; COVID-19 pandemic ; fossil fuel energy ; carbon dioxide emissions ; nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model ; frequency domain causality test ; Markow switching regression ; photovoltaics ; pandemics ; changes in energetic balance due to COVID-19 ; renewable sources of energy during pandemics ; United States ; energy sector ; fossil fuel ; emissions ; expenditures ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The theme is related to “Large Parks on Post-industrial Sites in Contemporary Urban Landscape Conceptions”, which is expounded in the fields of landscape architecture, landscape ecology and urban planning. A worldwide perspective is created so as to conduct cross-cultural research on the theories and practices of large-scale urban parks in North America, Germany and China. Through the scientific approach of ‘critical rationalism’, three design paradigms of large parks in different conceptions of contemporary urban landscapes are formulated based on quantitative and qualitative analysis, which are classified as the organic parks of North American ‘landscape urbanism’, the structural parks of German ‘landscape structuralism’ and the large parks of Chinese ‘urban inventory renewal’. By means of critical thinking in diverse cultural interpretations, the research aims to reveal remarkable similarities and differences between the cultures in the Western world according to their understanding of landscapes (coherent vs. creative), landscape and ecology (representation vs. metaphor), and landscape and life (diversity vs. unpredictability). Through theoretical analysis and case studies, it demonstrates that the international park paradigms characterised by complexity, diversity, sustainability, appropriation and identity can influence various socio-cultural, ecological, and aesthetic developments. Finally, the analytical results of the two park paradigms in Western countries are adopted in the examination of landscape architectural park models and urbanistic theoretical frameworks in China. This monograph is written primarily for scholars, professionals and students in the fields of landscape architecture, urban planning and architecture. The book, involving in-depth analysis about urban parks, green open spaces, green infrastructure and post-industrial landscapes, will have international appeal. It will appeal to readers at different levels. Above all, it may be of interest to professionals who are concerned with the topics urban parks and post-industrial landscapes, as well as Chinese scholars and experts, particularly those looking at China’s urban renewal and the ongoing transformation of post-industrial sites at different scales. This book will have strong implications for relevant urban landscape practices in China. Furthermore, it will be supported by the author’s colleagues from various countries such as Germany, Italy, USA, Canada, Brazil and China. Moreover, students to whom the author teaches courses of Landscape Architecture History and Theory and Landscape Planning and Design at BUCEA, as well as the international students at Collaborative Classes organized by BUCEA, TUM, and POLIMI (Politecnico di Milano, Italy), are encouraged to read this book.
    Keywords: large parks ; scale ; urban parks ; contemporary urban landscape conceptions ; landscape architecture ; landscape ecology ; post-industrial landscape ; landscape urbanism ; landscape structuralism ; green infrastructure ; transformation of derelict industrial land ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Pharmaceutics is very pleased to be hosting a Special Issue in honor of Dr. Marie-Hélène Metz-Boutigue, acknowledging her influential scientific contributions to research on Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs). This Special Issue aimed to gather and highlight significant advancements for AMPs as an alternative to antibiotics for increasing resistant strains and recent discoveries for future therapeutic approaches. Since the AMPs are multifunctional peptides with antitumor and immunomodulating effects, original research articles and reviews in these fields were particularly welcomed. Manuscripts regarding antimicrobial biomaterials including AMPs were also of interest.
    Keywords: Escherichia coli ; antimicrobial activity ; structure-activity relationship ; helical conformation ; ultraviolet irradiation ; UV ; UVC ; UVB ; UVA ; antimicrobial peptides ; chemokines ; cytokines ; endodontic ; inflammation ; pain ; tissue healing ; multifunctional antimicrobial peptides ; chromogranin A-derived peptides ; immunomodulators ; dermaseptins ; anticancer activities ; albumin ; biomaterials ; Catestatin ; Chromogranin A ; Chromofungin ; critically ill ; outcome ; prognosis ; superbugs ; Vasostatin-I ; cystic fibrosis ; lung infection ; biodegradable nanocarrier ; therapeutic index ; transepithelial resistance ; lung gene expression ; mouse bronchoalveolar lavage ; chromogranin A ; vasostatin-1 ; catestatin ; angiogenesis ; tumor diagnosis ; neuropilin-1 integrin avβ6 ; integrin avβ8 ; immunogenicity ; immunomodulation ; biotherapeutics ; in vitro T cell assay ; assay validation ; nisin–biogel ; periodontal disease ; dogs ; clinical trial ; anti-microbial peptides ; antibiotic resistance ; Gram-positive Gram-negative ; fungi ; antimicrobial peptide (AMP) ; multi-drug resistance (MDR) ; extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) ; lipopolysaccharides (LPS) ; lipoteichoic acid (LTA) ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; colistin ; antimicrobial resistance ; mutation timing ; evolution ; biofilm ; anti-inflammatory ; PEGylation ; glycosylation ; gut microbiome ; antimicrobial peptide ; cell permeable peptide ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: In irrigated agriculture, the study of the various ways water infiltrates into the soils is necessary. In this respect, soil hydraulic properties, such as soil moisture retention curve, diffusivity, and hydraulic conductivity functions, play a crucial role, as they control the infiltration process and the soil water and solute movement. This Special Issue presents the recent developments in the various aspects of soil water movement in irrigated agriculture through a number of research topics that tackle one or more of the following challenges: irrigation systems and one-, two-, and three-dimensional soil water movement; one-, two-, and three-dimensional infiltration analysis from a disc infiltrometer; dielectric devices for monitoring soil water content and methods for assessment of soil water pressure head; soil hydraulic properties and their temporal and spatial variability under the irrigation situations; saturated–unsaturated flow model in irrigated soils; soil water redistribution and the role of hysteresis; soil water movement and drainage in irrigated agriculture; salt accumulation, soil salinization, and soil salinity assessment; effect of salts on hydraulic conductivity; and soil conditioners and mulches that change the upper soil hydraulic properties and their effect on soil water movement.
    Keywords: drip irrigation ; fertilizer transport ; fertigation strategy ; adsorption coefficient ; HYDRUS-2D/3D ; arid zone ; soil salinity ; long-term mulched drip irrigation ; soil texture ; cotton ; horizontal infiltration ; sorptivity ; soil moisture profile ; crop model ; water consumption ; yield ; water production function ; irrigation schedule optimization ; apparent dielectric permittivity ; soil water content ; dielectric sensor ; specific calibration ; floriculture ; Lavandula angustifolia ; Lavandula dentata var. dentata ; Lavandula dentata var. candicans ; Lavandula stoechas ; saline water ; irrigation ; NaCl ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; drought tolerance ; substrate hydraulic properties ; substrate available water ; ornamental ; aromatic ; urban agriculture ; green infrastructures ; saturated soil paste ; electrical conductivity ; salinity ; Saint-Venant equations ; Richards’ equation ; Parlange equations ; optimal irrigation flow ; soil parameters ; analytical representation ; vertical tube irrigation ; layered soil ; soil moisture distribution ; water-saving irrigation ; modeling water flow ; gravity irrigation ; infiltration process ; artificial intelligence ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: The rapid growth of the world's population has significantly increased energy consumption and environmental impact. The transition from fossil fuels to sustainable energy sources that is needed for a sustainable future demands more efficient materials and improved technologies, but allows us to tackle this great and necessary challenge. This Special Issue highlights some of the latest energy advances in the field of materials, in particular low-dimensional materials, and nanostructured materials. Various topics related to synthesis and characterization methods, properties, and energy application uses are highlighted.
    Keywords: peritectic compound Li4(OH)3Br ; phase change materials ; thermal energy storage ; shape stabilized composites ; supporting materials ; oxides ; colloidal lithography ; thin-film photovoltaics ; photonics ; light-trapping ; self-cleaning ; graphene ; triboelectric nanogenerator ; charge trapping layer ; flexible ; stability ; energy harvesting ; solar cells ; parameter extraction ; single diode model ; non-iterative ; sodium borohydride ; hydrolysis ; porous carbon ; Co nanoparticles ; durability ; Ti-MOFs ; amine functionalization ; CO2 capture ; separation ; breakthrough experiment ; carbon nanotube ; plastic ; chemical recycling ; life cycle assessment ; ethernet ; circular economy ; data transmission ; carbon footprint ; BaF2 nanophase ; oxyfluoride nano-glass-ceramics ; Tb3+/Eu3+ energy transfer ; sol–gel chemistry ; nanocellulose ; ionic liquid ; ionogel ; gel polymer electrolyte ; renewable energy storage ; supercapacitors ; Ti2SnC ; M2AX ; powders ; thin films ; STEM ; nanoindentation ; zinc-ion supercapacitor ; three-dimensional vertically aligned graphene ; polydopamine ; highly concentrated salt electrolyte ; mini-jets ; diffuse discharge ; spark discharge ; red sprites ; blue jets ; ghosts ; Atomic Force Microscopy ; Electrochemical Strain Microscopy ; hybrid electrolyte ; Energy Storage ; lithium transport ; lithium distribution ; all-solid-state electrolytes ; diffusion ; ferric ion sensor ; MOF ; finite difference ; composite materials ; Mn3O4-CeO2-rGO ; nanocatalyst ; methanol oxidation ; cyclic voltammetry ; cellulose nanocrystal ; surface functionalization ; conductive electrodes ; energy storage ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This volume celebrates the 30th anniversary of the first very-high energy (VHE) gamma-ray Source detection: the Crab Nebula, observed by the pioneering ground-based Cherenkov telescope Whipple, at teraelectronvolts (TeV) energies, in 1989. As we entered a new era in TeV astronomy, with the imminent start of operations of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) and new facilities such as LHAASO and the proposed Southern Wide-Field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO), we conceived of this volume as a broad reflection on how far we have evolved in the astrophysics topics that dominated the field of TeV astronomy for much of recent history.In the past two decades, H.E.S.S., MAGIC and VERITAS pushed the field of TeV astronomy, consolidating the field of TeV astrophysics, from few to hundreds of TeV emitters. Today, this is a mature field, covering almost every topic of modern astrophysics. TeV astrophysics is also at the center of the multi-messenger astrophysics revolution, as the extreme photon energies involved provide an effective probe in cosmic-ray acceleration, propagation and interaction, in dark matter and exotic physics searches. The improvement that CTA will carry forward and the fact that CTA will operate as the first open observatory in the field, mean that gamma-ray astronomy is about to enter a new precision and productive era.This book aims to serve as an introduction to the field and its state of the art, presenting a series of authoritative reviews on a broad range of topics in which TeV astronomy provided essential contributions, and where some of the most relevant questions for future research lie.
    Keywords: gamma ray astronomy ; imaging atmospheric Cherenkov technique ; TeV gamma-rays ; non-thermal radiation ; keV-TeV cosmic sources ; INTEGRAL legacy data base ; relativistic astrophysics ; gamma rays ; cosmic rays ; interstellar medium ; Milky Way ; galaxies ; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ; high energy astrophysics ; background radiation ; photon–photon interaction ; pair production ; axion-like particles ; gamma-rays ; IACTs ; intergalactic magnetic fields ; high-energy gamma rays ; electromagnetic cascades ; pevatrons ; Galactic cosmic rays ; PeVatron ; Crab Nebula ; angular resolution ; energy spectral distribution ; γ-ray astronomy ; very-high-energy gamma-ray astrophysics ; astroparticle physics ; imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes ; Quantum Gravity ; Lorentz invariance violation ; time of flight ; modified photon interactions ; very-high-energy gamma-ray astronomy ; open science ; data format ; multi-messenger ; real-time ; high-energy ; alerts ; very-high-energy γ-ray astronomy ; atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes ; source catalogues ; gamma-ray astronomy ; Cherenkov telescopes ; ISM: supernova remnants ; ISM: individual objects—Crab Nebula ; pulsars: general ; radiation mechanisms: nonthermal ; gamma rays: general ; acceleration of particles ; astrophysical plasmas ; MHD ; high-energy gamma-ray astrophysics ; Gamma-ray bursts ; non-thermal emission ; radiative processes ; very-high energy Gamma-rays ; statistical analysis ; likelihood ; bayes ; imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope ; IACT ; IACT technology ; very high energy gamma-ray telescope ; ground-based gamma-ray astrophysics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: This reprint focuses on recent developments in laser measurement technologies and innovative applications. Laser-based measurement and sensing technologies have attracted growing attention due to their advantages of high sensitivity and fast responses. Their applications include industrial production, substance analysis, environmental monitoring, and more. In recent years, with the development of laser source and measurement approaches, many new technologies or applications of laser measurement and sensing have appeared. The topics of this reprint include laser measurement and sensing, micro- and nano-photoelectric measurement, the simultaneous measurement of multiple parameters, structured light measurement, and so on.
    Keywords: Laser measurement ; Laser sensing ; Laser spectroscopy measurement ; Image measurement ; Micro‐ and nano‐ photoelectric measurement ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Composites can be engineered to exhibit high strength, high stiffness, and high toughness. Composite structures have increasingly been used in various engineering applications. In recent decades, most fundamentals of science have expanded in length by many orders of magnitude. Nowadays, one of the primary goals of science and technology seems to be to develop reliable methods for linking the physical phenomena that occur over multiple length scales, particularly from a nano-/microscale to a macroscale. To engineer composites for high performance and to design advanced structures, the relationship between material nano-/microstructures and their macroscopic properties must be established to accurately predict their mechanical performance and failure. Multiscale simulation is a tool that enables studying and comprehending complex systems and phenomena that would otherwise be too expensive or dangerous, or even impossible, to study by direct experimentation and, thus, to achieve this goal.This reprint assembles high-quality chapters that advance the field of the multiscale simulation of composite structures, through the application of any modern computational and/or analytical methods alone or in conjunction with experimental techniques, for damage assessment or mechanical analysis and prediction.
    Keywords: braided composites ; mesoscale model ; notched specimen ; damage evolution ; static behavior ; studs ; deflection ; finite element model ; composite beam ; crack width ; aramid ; impact ; computational techniques ; finite elements ; mechanical analysis ; axial capacity prediction ; rectangular CFST columns ; feedforward neural network ; invasive weed optimization ; hybrid machine learning ; particle swarm parameters ; adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system ; circular opening steel beams ; buckling capacity ; nanocomposite ; PMMA ; fullerene ; finite element method ; molecular dynamics ; multiscale ; composite structures ; graphene ; carbon fiber ; hybrid matrix ; vibrations ; finite element analysis ; bone-shaped ; nanotube ; polymer ; stress-strain ; stiffened CFST beam ; recycled concrete ; finite element ; flexural strength ; cold-formed tube ; composite steel plate shear wall ; hysteresis curves ; ductility ; energy absorption ; topology optimization ; microstructure ; homogenization ; Matlab ; reduced order models ; reduced basis ; on-the-fly construction ; POD ; approximate reanalysis ; multiscale simulation ; damage assessment ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAF Fisheries & related industries
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    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Plants under natural conditions often face multiple stresses, including drought, salinity, temperature extremes, submergence stress, bacteria, viruses, fungi, insects, etc. These biotic and abiotic stresses negatively influence plant growth and productivity. Various approaches have recently been used to overcome stresses in plants. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies to improve biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. This will help reduce production losses and increase crop tolerance to various stresses. It is now the time to make a difference by developing plants that can withstand biotic and abiotic stresses.
    Keywords: antioxidants ; drought ; oxidative stress ; pearl millet ; redox implications ; ROS ; chlorophyll fluorescence efficiency ; photosynthetic responses ; enzyme activity ; sugarcane ; smut ; circadian clock ; reactive oxygen species ; Al-induced PCD ; photoperiodism ; peanut ; phylogenetic ; virus-induced gene silencing ; transgenic lines ; physiological and biochemical analysis ; Glycine max L. ; PR proteins ; chitinase ; genome-wide ; plant stresses ; crop residues ; profitability ; soil fertility ; soil biology ; allelopathy ; heat shock protein 20 ; maize ; abiotic stress ; yeast-one-hybrid ; abiotic stresses ; cotton ; hormones ; signaling pathway ; WRKY ; papaya (Carica papaya) ; brassicales ; late embryogenesis abundant protein ; orthogroup ; expression profile ; artificial light ; auxins ; chicory ; callus cells ; inulin ; plant growth regulators ; milk thistle ; secondary metabolites ; ecotypes ; salinity ; growth attributes ; biotic stress ; phenolic compounds ; seaweed ; Dendrobium catenatum ; lipase ; multi-omics ; expression pattern ; gene family ; bio-fertilizer ; ionic homeostasis ; organic amendments ; vermicompost ; cold stress ; PKS5 ; stomatal aperture ; microbiota ; natural farming ; physical factors ; physiological changes ; signal transduction and stressed conditions ; Rhizobium leguminosarum ; PGPR ; Triticum aestivum L. ; cadmium stress ; tolerance ; ascorbate ; glutathione ; malondialdehyde ; chlorophylls ; disease gradient ; disease outbreak ; Puccinia ; wheat stripe rust ; plant epidemic ; dispersal ecology ; alternative plant vitrification solution ; ammonium-free medium ; cytotoxicity ; droplet-vitrification ; endangered species ; liquid overlay ; regrowth medium ; within-plant phenotypic plasticity ; combined stresses ; additive ; antagonistic and synergic effects ; VOCs ; potassium ; soybean ; water logging ; yield ; non-thermal plasma ; plant defense ; glucosinolates ; nitriles ; RNA sequencing ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Bt toxins ; Cry1Ah1 transgenic poplar ; ecology ; environment ; rhizosphere ; candidate genes ; drought tolerance ; crop improvement ; climate change ; adaptation ; Chenopodium quinoa Willd. ; genotypes ; Sahara ; Algeria ; chitosan ; pathogen ; sustainable ; plant protection ; tomato ; melatonin ; photosynthesis ; climate changes ; antioxidant system ; Malus seedlings ; NaCl treatments ; membrane damage ; osmotic regulation ; archives ; botanical collection ; Greece ; landscape ; pre-rebellion period ; wheat ; priming ; Aspergillus niger ; qRT-PCR ; wilting ; TLP ; β-1,3-glucanase ; biostimulants ; biofertilizers ; soil microorganisms ; phytostimulator ; jewel sweet potato ; shoot tip ; axillary bud ; different MS salts concentration ; micropropagation ; plant performance ; C4 species ; heterozygosity ; transient soil salinity ; soil layers ; desertification ; arid regoins ; total flavonoid ; phenolics ; antioxidant activity ; centella ; Na+ content ; molecular markers ; MAS ; oilseeds ; SSRs ; molecular breeding ; dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB) transcription factors ; gene expression ; mosses ; stress tolerance ; common centaury ; salinity stress ; antioxidative protection ; sodium nitroprusside ; proteomic analysis ; drought stress ; sorghum ; RNS ; RSS ; signaling ; post-translational modification ; microorganisms ; stressful conditions ; sustainability ; nutrition ; Brassicaceae ; Cicer arietinum L. ; chlorophyll a fluorescence transient ; physiological and biochemical traits ; high temperature ; chocolate spot disease ; Botrytis fabae ; faba bean ; antioxidant enzymes ; protein banding and anatomy ; actinobacteria ; Streptomyces tuirus ; chilli fruit rot ; Colletotrichum scovillei ; Colletotrichum truncatum ; Fusarium oxysporum ; liquid bio-formulation ; corn smut ; fungus infection ; MDA ; proline ; quality ; halophytes ; Tripolium pannonicum ; hydrogen peroxide ; cell wall extensibility ; cell wall polysaccharide ; coleoptile ; growth inhibition ; lead (Pb) ; rice ; Bactrocera oleae ; spinosad ; kaolin ; organic oliviculture ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; leaf gas exchange ; physiological traits ; BAG (Bcl-2-associated anthanogene) family proteins ; molecular chaperone ; metabolomics ; metabolic responses ; metabolites variation ; surveillance ; Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ; comprehensive control ; distribution ; screen house ; Copper hyperaccumulation ; stress mitigation ; EDTA and IAA ; sunflower ; Fusarium wilt ; conventional breeding ; molecular makers ; QTLs ; genomics ; transcriptomics ; metabolomics and proteomics ; bread wheat ; AMF ; zinc ; growth parameters ; osmolyte ; osmoprotector ; ionic attributes ; PGPBs ; growth-promoting fungi ; crop productivity ; plant tolerance ; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; aerobic rice ; soil enzymes ; phosphorus utilization ; P-deficient ; plant growth promotion ; chickpea ; selection indices ; drought tolerant genotypes ; abiotic and biotic stress ; CRISPR ; mega nucleases ; TALEN ; ZFN ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Consumers and stakeholders are increasingly demanding that the meat industry guarantees high-quality meat products with stable and acceptable sensory and safety properties. To do this, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms that underlie the conversion of muscle into meat, as well as the impact of pre- and post-harvest procedures on the final quality and safety of meat products. Over the last two decades, sophisticated OMICs technologies—genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, peptidomics, metabolomics and lipidomics, also known as foodomics—have been powerful approaches that extended the scope of traditional methods and have established impressive possibilities of addressing meat quality issues. Foodomics were further used to elucidate the biological basis/mechanisms of phenotypic variation in the technological and sensory quality traits of meat from different species. Overall, these techniques aimed to comprehensively study the dynamic link(s) between the genome and the quality traits of the meat that we eat compared to traditional methods, hence improving both the accuracy and sensitivity thanks to the large quantities of data that can be generated. This Special Issue focused on the cutting-edge research applications of OMICs tools to characterize or manage the quality of muscle foods. The research papers applied transcriptomics, targeted and untargeted proteomics, metabolomics, and genomics, among others, to evaluate meat quality, determine the molecular profiles of meat and meat products, discover and/or evaluate biomarkers of meat quality traits, and to characterize the safety, adulteration, and authenticity of meat and meat products.
    Keywords: sea bream ; fish ; spoilage ; metabolomics ; multivariate analysis ; biomarkers ; meat tenderness ; fat ; proteomics ; proteins ; enzymes ; quantification ; biological pathways ; chemometrics ; wooden breast ; myopathy ; feed efficiency ; upstream regulator analysis ; foodomics ; beef tenderness ; bovine biomarkers ; muscle ; proteome ; liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) ; septuple PCR ; adulteration ; meat species ; mitochondrial genes ; multiplex PCR ; cellular compartments ; protein extractability ; sarcoplasmic proteins ; myofibrillar proteins ; meat quality biomarkers ; DFD meat ; oxidative stress ; certified reference material ; digital PCR ; duck interleukin 2 ; mitochondrial gene ; meat adulteration ; ovine ; color stability ; enzyme ; bioinformatics ; intensive management ; extensive management ; mixing unfamiliar animals ; pre-slaughter stress ; protein biomarkers ; sheep ; tenderness ; novel isoforms ; alternative splicing ; CTCF ; Iso-seq ; ChIP-seq ; DNA metabarcoding ; animal species ; species identification ; NGS ; food adulteration ; validation ; interlaboratory ring trial ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: In the last decade, the Industrial Revolution 4.0 brought flexible supply chains and flexible design projects to the forefront. Nevertheless, the recent pandemic, the accompanying economic problems, and the resulting supply problems have further increased the role of logistics and supply chains. Therefore, planning and scheduling procedures that can respond flexibly to changed circumstances have become more valuable both in logistics and projects. There are already several competing criteria of project and logistic process planning and scheduling that need to be reconciled. At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic has shown that even more emphasis needs to be placed on taking potential risks into account. Flexibility and resilience are emphasized in all decision-making processes, including the scheduling of logistic processes, activities, and projects.
    Keywords: districting ; last-mile delivery ; hybrid heuristics ; rich vehicle routing problem (RVRP) ; heterogeneous fleet ; fleet dimensioning ; VRP with time windows (VRPTW) ; multi-period VRP ; combinatorial optimization ; inventory ; non-instantaneous deterioration ; partial backlogging ; stock-dependent demand ; partial risk map ; PRISM ; PRISM number ; failure mode and effect analysis ; FMEA ; RPN ; risk matrix ; risk assessment ; safety science ; systems safety ; process outsourcing ; inventory management ; imperfect production ; mathematical modeling ; supply chain management ; humanitarian logistics ; relief distribution ; network design problem ; food banks ; capacitated arc routing problem ; dynamic capacitated arc routing problem ; artificial bee colony algorithm ; evolutionary optimization ; move operator ; drone ; GA model ; route planning ; warehouse ; resource allocation ; group technology ; deterioration effect ; scheduling ; flexibility ; multilevel structure ; multi-trip ; split delivery ; auction mechanism ; simulated annealing ; mixed-integer linear programming model ; fuzzy optimization techniques ; wood pellet supply chain ; flexible programming ; linear programming ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This book contains all the articles published in the Special Issue "Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems" from the MDPI Mathematics journal. This Special Issue aims to cover important aspects of how to optimize the dynamic behavior of physical systems using special algorithms and artificial intelligence in the modeling, simulation, and optimization of components and systems from important fields such as astronautics, aerospace, avionics, robotics, manufacturing systems, mechanical engineering, power energy, materials technology, and neurorehabilitation. It is our hope that this Special Issue will contribute to the research on techniques for the modeling, simulation, and optimization of control systems in dynamic systems.
    Keywords: &nbsp ; mathematical modeling ; numerical simulation ; control systems ; response analysis ; adaptive control ; feedback control ; stochastic control ; finite-time control ; frequency response ; stability ; fuzzy logic ; neural networks ; artificial intelligence&nbsp ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint focuses on studies dealing with bio-based materials and its contribution to a circular economy. Research dealing with recycling, waste conversion to bio-based products, the development of bio-based composites, and surface treatments on cellulose fibres have been included in this reprint.
    Keywords: microcrystalline cellulose ; Conocarpus fiber ; morphology ; crystallinity ; thermal stability ; poly(lactic acid) ; poly(butylene succinate) ; scanning electron microscopy ; tensile properties ; biocomposites ; blend ; recycle composites ; biodegradable ; mechanochemical esterification ; long fatty acid chain ; oleic acid ; ionic liquid ; magnetic mortar and pestle ; induced disease resistance ; sodium alginate ; polysaccharides ; plant growth-promoting bacteria ; lignin ; polypropylene ; tobacco lignin ; blends ; characterization ; biopolymers ; bio-based ; plantain ; natural fibers ; agroindustrial waste ; starch biopolymer ; birch bark ; wood coating ; suberin fatty acids ; hydrophobicity ; artificial aging ; geopolymer ; fly ash ; sugarcane bagasse ash ; mechanical properties ; dielectric properties ; bioplastics ; biobased plastics ; plastic degradation ; bioplastic sources ; plastic business case ; bioplastic legislation ; waste plastics ; fillers ; Prosopis juliflora ; thorn powder ; abrasive wear resistance ; chitosan ; antibiotic ; Gram-positive and -negative bacteria ; drug delivery ; heavy metal removal ; COVID-19 ; wound healing ; ASA polymer ; fused deposition modelling ; infill density ; L18 orthogonal array ; 3D printing ; n/a ; sand-fixing materials ; attapulgite ; biological mycelia ; 16S rDNA sequencing technology ; soil feritlity ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint focuses on different techniques and strategies to obtain high-quality crystalline structures of biological macromolecules via X-ray diffraction and synchrotron radiation. Contributions cover various aspects ranging from the fundamentals of crystal growth of biomolecules with biomedical applications and materials science through to the biotechnological applications of crystals.
    Keywords: acetylcholinesterase ; organophosphate ; carbamate ; backbone conformation ; oxime reactivation ; oxime antidote ; acetylcholine ; amidase ; amino acid ; amidase process ; proline ; aminopeptidase ; S33 family ; co-crystal engineering ; chemical ligation ; bioconjugation ; X-ray diffraction ; DNA ; DNA-binding protein ; protein engineering ; CLECs ; modeling ; ROY ; polymorphism ; microfluidics ; acoustic mixing ; diffusive mixing ; protein crystals ; breakage ; shear stress ; protein crystallization ; nucleation ; viscosity ; diffusion ; PEG ; FCS ; counter-diffusion ; self-searching ; crystallization scenario ; Parkinson’s disease ; istradefylline ; solubility ; crystal form ; dissolution ; biomorph synthesis ; effects of DNA concentration on biomorphs ; kerogen ; Precambrian era ; amantadine ; 2-methylcinnamic acid ; single crystal X-ray diffraction ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: This reprint focuses on the most advanced theories, models, algorithms, and products related to microwave remote sensing of soil moisture. Over the past few decades, significant efforts have been made to develop models, retrieval algorithms, downscaling methods, and validation strategies related to microwave remote sensing of soil moisture. Following the turn of the century, a series of microwave-based satellites/sensors have been successfully launched, and satellite soil moisture products have become increasingly abundant, greatly promoting the various applications of satellite soil moisture datasets. Despite numerous studies and achievements in this field, great challenges remain, such as the spatial resolution, retrieval accuracy, and validation strategies related to satellite soil moisture datasets. This reprint covers research progress on the following topics: (1) downscaling passive microwave-based soil moisture products, (2) estimating soil moisture from active microwave observations, (3) presenting some new algorithms (freeze–thaw state detection algorithm) and models (soil dielectric models) related to microwave remote sensing of soil moisture, (4) evaluating microwave-based soil moisture products, and (5) reviewing the state-of-the-art techniques and algorithms used to estimate and improve the quality of soil moisture estimations.
    Keywords: Soil moisture ; Remote sensing ; Active microwave ; Passive microwave ; Hydrology ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Microgrids deliver efficient, low-cost, and clean energy while improving regional electric grid operation and stability. They further provide exceptional dynamic responsiveness for energy resources. A global portfolio of operations centered on the development and deployment of microgrids to increase grid dependability and resilience would therefore assist communities in better preparing for future weather catastrophes and keep the world moving toward a sustainable energy future. Solar photovoltaic systems are seen as a promising renewable resource, and their application in microgrids has grown rapidly in recent years.
    Keywords: doubly fed induction generator ; wind turbine ; renewable energy ; rotor control ; steady state model ; HIL ; LLC resonant converter (LLC-RC) ; soft switching ; time domain analysis ; ZVS ; ZCS ; ANFIS ; ECMS ; hybrid electric vehicle ; Haar wavelet transform ; hydrogen consumption ; power management scheme ; system efficiency ; emissions trading system ; allowance allocation ; quantitative statistics ; qualitative analysis ; cost function ; model predictive current control ; single-phase shunt active power filter ; THD ; multi-input multi-output ; step-up converter ; energy storage ; DC–DC converter ; transformerless inverter ; photovoltaic ; high-efficiency inverter ; grid-connected system ; single-phase inverter ; smart microgrid ; optimization ; hybrid renewable energy source ; internet of things ; cost of electricity ; information and communication technology ; coupled inductor converter ; full bridge converter ; half bridge converter ; interleaved converter ; micro grid ; photo voltaic (PV) ; resonant converter ; zero voltage switching (ZVS) ; zero current switching (ZCS) ; induction motor drive ; dc-link voltage balancing ; space vector modulation ; switching loss ; total harmonic distortion ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHK Electricity, electromagnetism & magnetism
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This reprint collects recent articles published on "Light Beams in Liquid Crystals", both research and review contributions, with specific emphasis on liquid crystals in the nematic mesophase. The editors, Prof. Gaetano Assanto (NooEL, University of Rome "Roma Tre") and Prof. Noel F. Smyth (School of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh), are among the most active experts worldwide in nonlinear optics of nematic liquid crystals, particularly reorientational optical solitons ("nematicons") and other all-optical effects.
    Keywords: Liquid ; crystals ; Beam ; optics ; Solitary ; waves ; Nematicons ; Nonlinear ; Nonlocal ; All-optical ; switching ; Guided ; Geometric ; phase ; Optical ; modulation/switching ; solitons ; Structured ; beams ; Vortices ; self-localization ; spin-orbit ; interactions ; Optics ; of ; anisotropic ; media ; Reorientational ; response ; Thermal ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The Printed Edition of the Special Issue "Organophosphorus Chemistry: A New Perspective" takes the reader on a journey through the chemistry of organophosphorus compounds. It contains seven original research articles and three reviews covering aspects of recent advances in the synthesis, transformation, and properties of P-compounds.
    Keywords: phosphonium salts ; N-acyliminium cations ; α-amidoalkylation ; α-amidoalkylating agents ; ylides ; Wittig reaction ; α-aminophosphonates ; α-aminophosphinates ; α-aminophosphine oxides ; rare earth elements ; actinoids ; separation ; recovery ; extraction ; precipitation ; α-aminobisphosphonates ; α-ethoxyphosphonates ; N-acylimidates ; Michaelis–Becker reaction ; Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction ; betulin ; triphenylphosphonium cation ; anticancer ; antibacterial activity ; osteoporosis ; bisphosphonates ; zoledronate ; metal phosphonates ; hybrid materials ; controlled release ; MOFs ; strontium ; barium ; acene ; anthracene ; phosphine ; phosphonate ; phosphonium salt ; phosphorane ; phosphate ; diphosphene ; tri-, tetra-, pentacoordinated phosphorus ; properties ; HWE reaction ; Still-Gennari olefination ; Ando olefination ; stereoselective synthesis ; Z-selectivity ; phosphonates ; alkenes ; hexafluoroisopropanol ; C=C bond formation ; Reformatsky reaction ; tetrasubstituted α-aminophosphonates ; aspartic acid ; antiproliferative effect ; diazotization ; carbenium ion ; 1-phosphonoalkylium ion ; substitution reaction ; elimination reaction ; rearrangement ; aminophosphonates ; heteroaromatic ; lithiation ; phosphonylation ; phosphonic acids ; organophosphorus chemistry ; P-containing drugs ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: In this Special Issue of Crystals, entitled "Crystallographic Studies of Enzymes (Volume II)", eleven research papers on key findings and methodologies of structure, function, and reaction mechanisms of enzymes are presented.
    Keywords: molecular dynamics simulation ; Hyp-1 protein ; rotamers ; B-factors ; thermal motions ; esterase ; enzyme assay ; crystallization ; diffraction ; crystal structure ; immunometabolite ; itaconate ; immune-responsive gene 1 ; Nit2 ; nitrilase superfamily ; ω-amidase ; Kluyveromyces lactis ; halohydrin dehalogenase (HheG) ; enzyme ; immobilization ; cross-linked enzyme crystal (CLEC) ; micromechanics ; nanoindentation ; catalytic activity ; molybdenum cofactor ; MobB ; Walker A motif ; Bacillus subtilis ; crystallography ; Lactococcus garvieae ; X-ray crystallography ; apicomplexa ; Toxoplasma gondii ; motility ; invasion ; glideosome-associated connector protein ; RuBisCO ; single- ; twin- ; and/or microcrystals ; precipitating agents ; crystallization influencing parameter ; morphology ; an activated ternary complex ; a quaternary complex ; single stranded DNA binding protein ; Lacinutrix jangbogonensis PAMC 27137 ; carboxylesterase ; Staphylococcus chromogenes ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: The book Smart Cities and Positive Energy Districts: Urban Perspectives in 2020 is the second book published by MDPI on the topic. It highlights the most recent internationally/nationally funded projects on Smart Cities and Positive Energy Districts, providing readers with an overview of the most recent and effective solutions to support the transition of urban areas towards climate neutrality as well as inspiring solutions not only for researchers but for local governments who seek to transform urban areas into sustainable places.
    Keywords: building dynamics ; occupants’ comfort ; energy efficiency ; information and communication technologies ; COVID-19 scenario ; human interaction ; Positive Energy District ; smart districts ; building performance simulation ; sustainable large-scale renovation model ; Driving Urban Transition ; Renovation Wave ; neighbourhoods ; positive energy districts ; sustainable urban areas ; energy production ; energy flexibility ; economic costs ; indoor environmental quality ; social performance ; Positive Energy Districts ; urban typology ; energy modelling ; energy and climate goals ; sustainable urban development ; energy sufficiency ; deep energy retrofit ; building thermal mass ; positive energy district ; yearly energy balance ; seasonal energy balance ; residential buildings ; district heating ; renewable energy resources ; PED boundary ; multi-criteria decision analyses ; geographic information systems ; GIS overlay analyses ; positive energy district (PED) ; enabling solution for PED transition ; energy efficiency in buildings and real estate ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint focuses on ecosystem observation, simulation and assessment. Ecosystems provide supply, regulation, culture and support services for human beings in addition to overall support human survival and sustainable development. However, driven by multiple factors such as climate change, population growth, urbanization, and exploitation of mineral resources, global problems such as ecosystem degradation and biodiversity loss have affected the sustainable development of human beings. Because of this, it has become a hot spot in ecology research to develop basic theories, model methods and technical means for ecosystem observation, simulation and evaluation for the quantitative analysis of the structure, process and function of ecosystems as well as the improvement of the scientific understanding of the changing characteristics and evolution laws of natural ecosystems.
    Keywords: ecosystem service value (ESV) ; grassland ; regulator ; CASA model ; equivalent factor ; vegetation NPP ; projection ; process-based ecosystem model ; climate change ; global warming target ; YREB ; production–living–ecological (PLE) functions ; coordination characteristics ; SDG target 11.a ; Guangxi Beibu Gulf urban agglomeration (GBG_UA) ; Zoige wetland ; nature reserve ; fractional vegetation cover ; water conservation ; ecological conservation ; Zoige grassland wetland ; black-necked crane ; species distribution model ; MaxEnt ; habitat suitability assessment ; model optimization ; HRNet ; MMdetection ; large herbivores ; UAV remote sensing image ; overlapping segmentation ; soil nutrient ; hyperspectral ; inversion model ; ecosystem service value ; full-scale development policy ; ecological protection policy ; western China ; waterbird ; wetland ; diversity ; Xianghai Nature Reserve ; methane emission ; lakes ; water hyacinth ; greenhouse gases ; socioeconomic development ; coupling coordination degree ; entropy weight method ; Qinba Mountains ; different fertilizers ; long-term fertilization ; microbial community ; environmental factors ; correlation ; mangrove conservation ; wetland habitat ; landscape changes ; ecology & hydrology ; CH4 ; ebullition flux ; plateau reservoir ; microbes ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Nowadays, Forestry has become an important field for the Environmental and Earth sciences due to its importance in global systems. While forest recreation focuses on forests as the main destination for public recreational activities, landscape protection refers to the conservation and restoration of natural beauty. Urban and peri-urban forests have become a place for the recreational activities of people living in big cities. They provide benefits to the quality of life. Landscape protection is also important, not only for scientific and ecological reasons but also for social and cultural ones. This reprint presents different contributions by the authors dealing with recent scientific research on forestry, recreational activities, landscape management, ecosystem services, etc., in different areas of the world.
    Keywords: tree cover loss ; environment ; degradation ; Mediterranean Region ; forest recreation ; ecosystem services ; forest management ; visitors monitoring ; single-track bike trails ; NEP ; nature experience ; Asia ; outdoor recreation ; urban forest ; green space ; airborne particulate matter ; meteorological parameters ; height ; air pollution ; particulate matter ; WAI ; urban trees ; brown leaf area index ; protected area management ; text mining ; natural language processing ; sentiment analysis ; multidimensional scaling method ; web scraping ; customer satisfaction ; TripAdvisor reviews ; endemic ; landscape protection ; conservation ; Magnolia sulawesiana ; habitat characteristic ; spatial distribution ; forest landscape ; deepsentibank ; deep learning ; geotagged photos ; human health ; forest air ; monoterpenes ; path analysis ; Pinus pinaster ; mountain biking ; recreation ; trade-off ; use conflict ; commercial forestry ; plantation forest ; Pinus radiata ; New Zealand ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: In honor of Wojciech Zurek’s 70th birthday, this Special Issue is dedicated to recent advances in our understanding the emergence of classical reality, and pays tribute to Zurek’s seminal contributions to our understanding of the Universe. To this end, “Quantum Darwinism and Friends” collects articles that make sense of the apparent chasm between quantum weirdness and classical perception, and provides a snapshot of this fundamental, exciting, and vivid field of theoretical physics.
    Keywords: quantum Darwinism ; decoherence ; open quantum systems ; quantum probability ; pilot-wave mechanics ; entanglement ; deterministic chaos ; Quantum Darwinism ; many-body localization ; disorder ; shortcuts to adiabaticity ; counterdiabatic driving ; envariance ; branching states ; objectivity ; thermalisation ; quantum monitoring ; continuous quantum measurements ; classicality ; channel ; open system ; interference ; phase-space formulation ; quantum Brownian motion ; heat statistics ; quantum measurements ; pointer states ; Quantum Lamarckism ; the observer in quantum mechanics ; Wigner function ; qubit ; quasiprobability ; epistemic restriction ; quantum reconstruction ; phase space ; quantum mechanics ; contextuality ; Gleason’s theorem ; Uhlhorn’s theorem ; quantum–classical transition ; many-body system ; equilibration ; thermalization ; quantum entanglement ; ergodicity ; closed systems ; emergence ; finite systems ; quantum thermodynamics ; quantum coherence ; work extraction ; quantum-to-classical transition ; amplification ; inference ; Holevo ; quantum Chernoff bound ; einselection ; quantum jumps ; Born’s rule ; quantum-classical transition ; existential interpretation ; extantons ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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