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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (3,700)
  • bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general  (1,255)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • 2020-2024  (1,256)
  • 1960-1964  (4,353)
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  • 101
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Various molecular techniques based on omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics) and phylogenetics have been applied in biological sciences. Molecular dynamics and approaches evolved over time into various quantitative tools that allow researchers from multiple disciplines to design different studies. The molecular-based techniques can be comprehensive and systematic, as they allow identification, resolve genetic differences, molecular docking, and prediction models of ecological niches and taxonomic ranks. Investigating genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques utilize a novel class of DNA elements, such as microsatellites from mitochondria and chloroplast and retrotransposons, resulting in genetic variations using molecular data. In addition to this, the advantages and limitations of molecular approaches have been well studied and acknowledged. The combination of molecular phylogenetic and omics techniques and expression and pathways analysis may greatly increase our capacity to understand and develop new molecular mechanisms and stress responses in biological systems. Furthermore, these techniques offer extensive opportunities for researchers to develop targeted therapy approaches and disease diagnoses using molecular data. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how data from diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies. The study and applications of molecular approaches hold significant potential for advancing genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques in biological sciences.
    Keywords: autophagy-related protein ; degradation ; ubiquitin ; proteasome ; autophagy ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; Cry toxin ; nematicidal activity ; pore-formation ; diabetes ; vaccines ; clinical trials ; insulin ; GLP ; nitric oxide ; antioxidants ; metal-stress related transcripts ; rice ; Pb-stress ; Aurisin A ; beta-cyclodextrins ; inclusion complex ; lung cancer ; ruxolitinib ; JAK inhibitor ; rheumatoid arthritis ; molecular modeling ; TOR ; photosynthesis ; cell growth ; AZD8055 ; Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa ; ovarian cancer ; somatic BRCA mutational status ; digital pathology ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; super-secondary structure ; 3β-corner ; folding nuclei ; structure stability ; H Ferritin subunit ; PRDX6 ; protein-protein interaction ; seed-specific transcription factors ; signaling pathways ; seed size ; seed development ; juvenile idiopathic arthritis ; transcriptome-wide association study ; gene-based association analysis ; enrichment analysis ; gene regulatory network ; computational cancer biology ; precision medicine ; oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) ; data bank ; AlphaFold 2.0 ; graph neural network ; protein features ; nasopharyngeal carcinoma ; bioinformatics ; genes ; melon ; CmSUN ; IQ67 domain ; expression analysis ; overexpression phenotype ; fruit shape regulation ; protein interaction ; smooth muscle titin ; protein aggregates ; amyloid aggregation ; amyloids ; cross-β ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 102
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The direction of fiber orientation plays a crucial role in deciding the mechanical performance of textile structural composites. Unlike conventional composite materials, geometrically oriented textile structures, e.g., woven, knitted, and braided constructions, can be designed and developed for load bearing in a particular direction. Their properties can be enhanced by modifying the geometry and material composition. One major challenge in producing textile structural composites with superior mechanical properties at a reasonably lower price is cost effective prepreg. Composites constructed from reinforcement having a well-defined geometry perform better than randomly oriented fibers at a reasonable cost. Their flex fatigue is superior to conventional preforms in specific applications. This Special Issue invites research as well as review articles dealing with different types of (2D, 3D, multiaxial) woven, knitted, and braided structures for load bearing structural composite applications. Use of industrial multifilament yarns of pure and hybrid composition in textile geometrical reinforcement structures can also be included. The methods of impregnation of such structures by thermoplastic and thermoset resins should be described. The superior performance in such structural composites must be highlighted. Methods of characterizing woven, knitted, and braided textile reinforced composites is the focus of this issue. Current and future applications of advanced textile structural composites can be summarized in the submitted articles. Theoretical (computational, numerical simulation etc.) as well as experimental work can be submitted with sufficient scientific innovation.
    Keywords: hybrid composite ; polyester waste fiber ; olive root fiber ; coir pith filler ; building materials ; mixture design analysis ; recycled cotton ; glass ; hollow knitted composite ; compression ; flexural modulus ; impact energy ; quasi-static test ; cyclic fatigue ; wavy-lap bond ; natural cotton fabric ; polymer composite ; mechanical properties ; service life ; safety ; SEM ; pressure-actuated cellular structure ; shape morphing ; compliant mechanism ; anisotropic flexure hinges ; textile-reinforced polymer composite ; integrally woven structure ; resin ; glass cloth ; substrate ; glass transition temperature ; surface finish ; pad cratering ; thermal resistance ; textile structural composite ; 3D weaving ; hollow structure ; spacer fabric ; woven honeycomb ; sandwich ; waste cotton ; impact ; flexural rigidity ; hybrid woven reinforcement ; preforming ; carbon-Kevlar ; epoxy resin ; add-on (%) ; amount of hardener (%) ; curing temperature ; curing time ; molding pressure ; fiber composites ; FRP ; architecture ; architectured materials ; hysteresis ; auxetic ; non-Newtonian fluids ; low-velocity impact ; personal protection ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 103
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Each year, natural hazards, such as earthquakes, landslides, avalanches, tsunamis, floods, wildfires, severe storms, and drought, , affect humans worldwide, resulting in deaths, suffering, and economic losses. According to insurance broker Aon, 2010–2019 was the worst decade on record for economic losses due to disasters triggered by natural hazards, amounting to USD 3 trillion, which is USD 1 trillion more than for the period of 2000–2009. In 2019, the economic losses from disasters caused by natural hazards were estimated at over USD 200 billion (UNDRR Annual Report, 2019). In this context, remote sensing shows high potential to provide valuable information, at various spatial and temporal scales, concerning natural processes and their associated risks. The recent advances in remote sensing technologies and analysis, in terms of sensors, platforms, and techniques, are strongly contributing to the development of natural hazards research. With this Special Issue titled “Remote Sensing for Natural Hazards Assessment and Control”, we proposed state-of-the-art research that specifically addresses multiple aspects on the use of remote sensing (RS) for Natural Hazards (NH). The aim was therefore to collect innovative methodologies, expertise, and capabilities to detect, assess, monitor, and model natural hazards. The present Special Issue of Remote Sensing encompasses 18 open access papers presenting scientific studies based on the exploitation of a broad range of RS data and techniques, as well as focusing on a well-assorted sample of NH types.
    Keywords: wildfires ; hillslope erosion ; satellite imagery ; rainfall erosivity ; RUSLE ; rockfall source areas ; identification ; relief ; slope angle ; rock mass strength ; rockfall susceptibility ; land subsidence ; Geographic Information System (GIS) ; InSAR ; machine learning algorithm ; meta-heuristics ; Iran ; k-Nearest Neighbor ; Random Forest ; fires ; Landsat 8 ; Sentinel 2 ; Terra ; ASTER ; MODIS ; burned ; mapping ; hazard chain ; turbidity ; suspended sediment detection ; extreme climate events ; tailing dam risk management ; spatiotemporal pattern mining ; El Niño ; remote sensing ; geographic information system ; flash floods ; visual analysis ; SAR offset tracking ; glacier surface velocity ; glacier instability ; glacier hazards ; ice avalanches ; ENSO ; glacier mass balance ; glacier surface energy ; earthquake ; coseismic effects ; field line resonance ; acoustic gravity waves ; lithosphere-magnetosphere coupling ; burnt area monitoring ; Australia ; Sydney ; wildfire ; earth observation ; mid-resolution sensors ; time series analysis ; burn severity ; climate zones ; deep learning ; PRISMA ; burned area ; Sentinel-2 ; morphological operator ; convolutional neural network ; casualty prediction ; importance assessment ; spatial division ; support vector regression ; digital image correlation ; phase correlation ; optical flow ; time series image stack ; landslides ; ground motion identification ; displacement mapping ; UAS ; risk assessment ; random forest ; DInSAR ; Yan’an city ; settlement prediction ; reclaimed land ; exponential model ; Asaoka method ; wide-area deformation ; deformation detection ; time-series InSAR ; stacking ; Turpan–Hami basin ; heavy rainfall ; shallow landslides ; TRIGRS model ; spatial distribution ; susceptibility assessment ; Longchuan County ; Guangdong Province ; MT-InSAR ; ground deformation monitoring ; Sentinel-1A/B ; image partition ; block adjustment ; Gaofen-2 ; Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) ; freeze–thaw processes ; permafrost ; Qilian Mountains ; natural hazards ; hazard ; vulnerability ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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  • 104
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is an incurable connective tissue disease with an unclear etiology characterized by vasculopathy, dysregulation of the immune response, and progressive tissue fibrosis affecting the skin, lungs, digestive tract, heart, and kidneys. The collection of six original research manuscripts and five review articles included in this book highlights the most recent advances in this field and provides further elucidation of the pathogenesis, natural disease course, and treatment of this challenging disease.
    Keywords: heat shock protein 90 ; systemic sclerosis ; established dermal fibrosis ; treatment ; pathogenesis ; epigenetic mechanisms ; miRNAs ; calcinosis cutis ; bisphosphonates ; pamidronate ; autoimmune connective tissue diseases ; dermatomyositis ; immune cells ; anti-inflammatory ; therapy ; fibrosis ; interleukin-6 ; Tocilizumab ; pulmonary fibrosis ; interstitial lung disease ; progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease ; lung function ; body mass index ; clinical trial ; metabolomics ; LC-MS/MS ; ion mobility ; kynurenine pathway ; urea cycle ; lipids ; gut dysbiosis ; pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) ; biomarkers ; miRNA ; complement ; myofibroblasts ; macitentan ; cough ; pulmonary hypertension ; predictors of treatment response ; autoreactive B cells ; autoantibodies ; rituximab ; aptamers ; Seldeg ; n/a ; mixed connective tissue disease ; systemic lupus erythematosus ; Sjögren’s syndrome ; rheumatoid arthritis ; idiopathic inflammatory myopathy ; national delphi consensus ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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  • 105
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This reprint is the result of a Special Issue, which took place in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) during 2022-2023. The general topic of the reprint discusses the different uses, protection and promotion of food, always from a broad perspective, through 15 innovative research papers, from both qualitative and quantitative methodological approaches.
    Keywords: health ; values and preferences ; red meat ; processed meat ; cross-sectional study ; mixed methods ; explanatory sequential ; survey ; food consumption ; well-being ; dietary patterns ; sustainable consumption ; consumer behaviour ; food well-being ; subjective well-being ; social influence ; food choice ; climate-friendly eating ; social media ; political consumerism ; children’s health ; functional diversity ; commensality ; self-esteem ; shame ; loneliness ; aquaculture ; food heritage ; carp ; consumer preferences of Young Adult Populations ; marketing place ; sustainability ; consumer attitudes ; organic food ; consumer behavior ; sustainable food ; food surveys ; food change ; food policies ; sociology of food ; obesity ; edible insects ; alternative proteins ; planetary health ; systematic review ; gastronomic routes ; Iberian ham ; olive oil ; wine ; Córdoba ; ARIMA ; food ; gastronomic tourism ; social media data ; outdoor dining environment preference ; rural restaurants ; human-oriented ; rural sustainable development ; food label ; consumer purchase intention ; attitude ; food delivery app ; online food delivery ; online-to-offline (O2O) ; COVID-19 ; post-pandemic ; thematic review ; food preferences ; entomophagy ; nutrition surveys ; food neophobia ; cultural domains ; pile sorts ; food risk ; trust ; distrust ; pregnancy ; breastfeeding ; prehabilitation ; ERAS ; endometrial cancer ; surgery ; protein supplementation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 106
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The delivery of genome sequences for most livestock species over the past 10–15 years has generated the potential to revolutionise livestock production globally, by providing farmers with the ability to match individual animals to rapidly changing climates, production systems and markets. Initially, technologies such as marker-assisted selection, functional genomics, gene expression, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics were hailed as technologies with the greatest promise of delivering on that potential. To date, however, their potential for the delivery of practical solutions for livestock farmers is still to be realised, though they do provide supportive evidence of value to other approaches. Gene editing using tools such as CRISPR-Cas9 also show strong promise, but face regulatory hurdles before practical applications can be delivered for use by farmers. The technology that has had the greatest impact to date is genomic selection. This year marks 20 years since genomic selection was developed by Meuwissen, Hayes and Goddard (Genetics, 2001, 157: 1819-1829) and genomic selection has been successfully applied in livestock, plants and even human health applications. However, genomic selection also faces ongoing limitations around lack of essential phenotypes, particularly for expensive or difficult-to-measure traits and possibly the need for faster/greater computational capacity. It is therefore timely to examine the impact of genomic technologies generally, and to identify successes and limitations that need to be overcome in order to achieve practical applications for livestock producers in future.
    Keywords: DNA pooling ; parentage ; reproduction ; genomic relationship ; genomic prediction ; genomic selection ; smallholder farmers ; beef and dairy cattle ; sheep and goats ; phenotypes ; reference populations ; capacity-building ; value of genomic information ; OTUD7A ; goose ; inflammation ; immune ; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ; high density genotyping ; imputation ; sequencing ; reference population ; ssGBLUP ; ssGTBLUP ; genomic evaluation ; single-step ; Holstein ; genetic groups ; metafounder ; positive selection ; adaptive introgression ; runs of homozygosity ; haplotype ; cattle ; bursa of Fabricius ; development ; degradation ; chicken ; transcriptomic analysis ; genotype by environment ; breeding strategies ; selection index ; response ; circRNAs ; DPCs ; cashmere goats ; HOXC8 ; RSPO1 ; CCBE1 ; implementation ; strategy ; beef cattle ; tropical environments ; crossbreeding ; within-breed selection ; productive traits ; resistance to environmental stressors ; breed conservation ; causal variants ; linkage disequilibrium ; quantitative trait loci ; fertility ; heritability ; genetic evaluation ; variance components ; index selection ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 107
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: From the 1970s onwards, many towns and cities have experienced deindustrialization processes, while seeing a gradual growth of tertiarization and diversification of services, including cultural ones. With the different, both positive and negative, effects introduced by new cultural interpretations of cities (e.g., culture in public spaces, cultural and creative industries, culture as marketing tools, cultural commodification, etc.), the concept of culture has become increasingly associated with urban image and identity. In finding solutions within regeneration processes, policies often rely on tools from the cultural and creative fields. Additionally, built material and immaterial heritage can have significant roles: e.g., by converting heritage sites and buildings through cultural projects or new functions, or capitalizing on specific traditions and place memory for local identity and place attachment. This SI focuses on cultural approaches in connection with urban development and gather contributions from various research fields. It addresses researchers and academics from social sciences who are interested in topics such as: cultural activities and their role in urban development; cities (re)constructing their identity; culture as a relevant component of current spatial planning policies; urban strategies, attracting creative people; urban image, heritage and culture; culture, local memory and local identities; heritage and industrial culture; subcultures within cities and processes of urban change.
    Keywords: spatial identity ; political-administrative decisions ; industrialization ; memory of places ; Romania ; semiotic landscape ; local identity ; identity politics ; reimaging ; geography ; cultural affinity ; foreign influences ; hospitality ; society openness ; urban studies ; Novi Sad ; urban image ; culture of living ; tradition ; heritage ; COVID-19 pandemic ; European Capital of Culture ; visual representation ; communist regime ; ideology ; artistic stylization ; collective memory ; post-communist representations ; narrative ; Jewish cultural heritage ; tourist potential ; cultural tourism ; tourism product ; niche tourism ; heritage values ; Bucharest ; Soviet heritage ; heritagescape ; industrial tourism ; Northeast Estonia ; graffiti ; street art ; culture and heritage ; cultural identity ; Bucharest (Romania) ; critical political economy ; creative economy ; arts ; culture ; social justice ; ethnography ; community enterprise ; cross-sectoral partnerships ; self-governance ; austerity ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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  • 108
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: The focus of this reprint is on environmental planning and modeling. It examines articles on green consumption, biodiversity, and household waste recycling, as well as presenting a review of the trend in publications on household waste recycling. A number of country-based applications are presented and models are used to show how multiple perspectives can be considered in policy making. This reprint will be of special interest to researchers and readers involved in sustainability management. Further, although some chapters present models to solve sustainability problems, they also share policy and decision-making frameworks for applying such models.
    Keywords: bibliometric analysis ; bibliometrix ; household recycling ; research trends ; science mapping ; waste management ; analytic hierarchy process (AHP) ; ecosystem management ; expert opinion ; environmental planning and modeling ; rights-based tool ; multi-criteria decision making ; optimisation ; sustainability ; SWAT model ; water quality ; hydrology ; fertilizer application ; Songkhla Lake Basin ; green consumption ; environmental change ; environmental regulation ; social welfare ; APEX ; open-source software ; QGIS ; QAPEX ; best management practice ; LDC ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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  • 109
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue aims to highlight how plant breeding could contribute to strengthening sustainability in field crop production by integrating the application of modern technologies and tools. This Reprint contains eleven articles focusing on the most recent topic of plant breeding.
    Keywords: target-site resistance ; ahas ; als ; Triazolopyrimidine herbicide ; Lolium rigidum ; winter cereals ; CO2 enrichment ; drought stress ; WUE ; climate change ; Helianthus ; sunflower ; morphological ; sustainable ; glyphosate ; pesticide ; residue ; pollution ; weed control ; organic plant production ; barley ; Pyrenophora teres f. teres ; net blotch disease ; biotic stress ; superoxide dismutase ; antioxidant enzyme ; cereals ; water shortage ; carbon dioxide ; root development ; Triticum aestivum L. ; wheat ; seed germination ; seedling development ; germination time ; low-temperature stress ; leaf discolouration ; seedling stage ; SSR markers ; near-isogenic line ; rice (Oryza sativa L.) ; pepper ; general defence response ; tissue retention ; hypersensitivity response ; resistance breeding ; Agrobacterium-mediated transformation ; functional genomics ; Solanum lycopersicum L. ; Micro-Tom ; DsRed fluorescence ; Agrobacterium rhizogenes ; soil salinity stress ; adaptation ; environmental share ; interaction ; plant breeding ; sustainability ; pepper breeding ; bacterial spot resistance ; Xanthomonas hortorum pv. gardneri ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 110
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The aim of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is to reduce the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere and to mitigate its effects on climate change. Over the years, naturally occurring CO2 sources have been utilized in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) projects in the United States. This has presented an opportunity to supplement and gradually replace the high demand for natural CO2 sources with anthropogenic sources. There also exist incentives for operators to become involved in the storage of anthropogenic CO2 within partially depleted reservoirs, in addition to the incremental production oil revenues. These incentives include a wider availability of anthropogenic sources, the reduction of emissions to meet regulatory requirements, tax incentives in some jurisdictions, and favorable public relations. The United States Department of Energy has sponsored several Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSPs) through its Carbon Storage program which have conducted field demonstrations for both EOR and saline aquifer storage. Various research efforts have been made in the area of reservoir characterization, monitoring, verification and accounting, simulation, and risk assessment to ascertain long-term storage potential within the subject storage complex. This book is a collection of lessons learned through the RCSP program within the Southwest Region of the United States. The scope of the book includes site characterization, storage modeling, monitoring verification reporting (MRV), risk assessment and international case studies.
    Keywords: geologic CO2 sequestration ; CO2 and brine leakage ; underground source of drinking water ; risk assessment ; response surface methodology ; early detection criteria ; multi-objective optimization ; CO2-WAG ; machine learning ; numerical modeling ; hybrid workflows ; morrow ; Farnsworth ; Anadarko ; incised valley ; geological carbon sequestration ; reactive surface area ; mineral trapping ; enhanced oil recovery with CO2 (CO2-EOR) ; geochemical reactions ; workflow ; workshop ; process influence diagram ; response surface model ; polynomial chaos expansion ; NRAP ; relative permeability ; geologic carbon storage ; multi-phase flow simulation ; life cycle analysis ; CO2-enhanced oil recovery ; anthropogenic CO2 ; global warming potential ; greenhouse gas (GHG) ; carbon storage ; CO2-EOR ; CO2 sequestration ; geomechanics ; reservoir fluid flow modelling ; tightness of caprock ; CO2 leakage ; threshold pressure ; reactive solute transport ; multi-phase fluid flow ; Farnsworth Unit ; STOMP ; GEM ; TOUGHREACT ; 4D ; time lapse ; CO2 ; EOR ; WAG ; sequestration ; monitoring ; carbon sequestration ; caprock integrity ; noble gas migration ; seal by-pass ; carbon dioxide storage ; storage efficiency factor ; probabilistic ; expectation curve ; Monte Carlo ; Farnsworth Field ; petroleum system modeling ; CO2 migration ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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  • 111
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The purpose of this Special Issue, “The Role of Nutrition in Cardiometabolic Health: Experimental, Clinical, and Community-Based Evidence”, is to publish a focused, coherent, impactful, and well-cited volume on how nutrition influences diverse cardiometabolic risk factors. Cardiometabolic diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity are the leading causes of death worldwide. In recent years, dietary habits have shifted all over the globe. At the same time, a constantly growing body of evidence demonstrates the role of caloric intake and dietary composition as determinants of cardiometabolic health. A suboptimal diet predisposes to a myriad of cardiometabolic risk factors such as impaired glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure. The goal of this Special Issue is to provide rigorous evidence from novel experimental and observational studies that support the association between dietary factors and cardiometabolic risk and evaluate the diverse diet-related risk pathways.
    Keywords: Diet ; nutrition ; supplements ; caloric restriction ; cardiometabolic ; obesity ; diabetes ; glucose metabolism ; insulin resistance ; lipid profile ; vascular biology ; endothelial function ; cardiovascular ; nutrigenomics ; epigenetics ; weight loss ; metabolism ; coronary artery disease ; stroke ; hypertension ; atherosclerosis ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; phytochemicals ; bariatric surgery ; microbiome ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 112
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Blockchain applications in different industries are booming, yet there are many unresolved challenges with the mass adoption of the technology. This reprint is an attempt to review some of the applications in different industries and propose solutions to some of the critical challenges in technology adoption.
    Keywords: distributed ledger technology ; blockchain ; decentralized applications ; technology review ; development guidelines ; architecture ; anti-counterfeiting ; decentralization ; product authenticity ; end-to-end traceability ; supply chain integrity ; supply chain provenance ; NFC-Enabled Anti-Counterfeiting System ; Near-Field communication ; Internet-of-Things ; Internet of Things ; information technology ; innovation ; supply chains ; transparency ; traceability ; safety ; food systems ; transactions ; smart contracts ; electrical network frequency (ENF) ; Proof-of-ENF (PoENF) ; consensus ; security ; Internet of Video Things (IoVT) ; proof of work ; proof of stake ; consensus mechanism ; 51% attack ; double-mining attack ; technological development ; scalability ; storage ; data integrity ; performance ; smart contract ; M2X ; smart autonomous devices ; e-governance ; lifecycle management ; smart grid ; internet of vehicles ; demand response ; systematic literature review ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning
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  • 113
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Since the introduction of Bitcoin in 2009, the cryptocurrency market has experienced exponential expansion. Evolving from sets of transactions primarily conducted on Internet fora into a significant market valued at over 1.2 trillion USD as of August 2023, today cryptocurrency trading occurs 24/7 on more than 600 platforms. Despite its persistent volatility, recurrent speculation bubbles and subsequent market crashes, the trading characteristics of cryptocurrency exchanges are similar to those observed in mature financial markets. Recently, the correlation between the most frequently traded cryptocurrencies, specifically Bitcoin and Etherereum, has increased significantly versus the stock indices and other financial assets, suggesting an emerging connectedness with the global financial markets. This Special Issue collected research studies that make steps towards developing a better understanding of cryptocurrency market, with a particular aim of confirming or denying the growing signs of market maturity. Most submissions focus on price fluctuations in the cryptocurrency exchanges and produce evidence of the cryptocurrency market’s evolution into a valid and interrelated component of the global financial markets. Interestingly, the events related to COVID-19 contributed to the intensification of this process. Some articles address the structure of the cryptocurrency market, including DeFi, the methods of obtaining consensus used, and the environmental impact of these transactions.
    Keywords: public-key cryptosystem ; error correcting code ; bounded distance decoding ; blockchain technology ; cryptocurrency ; Kolmogorov entropy ; DAO ; metaverse ; Bitcoin carbon footprint ; Bitcoin mining ; energy consumption ; FIGARCH ; MFDFA ; long memory ; Hurst exponent ; permanent policy ; cryptocurrencies ; noise and trend effects ; tick-by-tick data ; network structure ; community detection ; COVID-19 ; AI ; business development ; information processing ; volatility ; precision ; financial development ; bitcoin ; ADCC-GARCH ; diversifier ; hedge ; safe haven ; anomaly score ; Mahalanobis distance ; minimum covariance determinant ; shrinkage estimators ; blockchain ; edge computing ; electric vehicles ; Ethereum ; P2P charging ; DeFi ; oracle ; automated market makers ; decentralized exchange ; lending protocol ; forex market ; complexity ; entropy ; multifractal analysis ; complex systems ; financial crisis ; econophysics ; financial markets ; cross-correlations ; multiscale ; time series ; fluctuations ; correlations ; multifractality ; market maturity ; market impact ; collective dynamics ; time series analysis ; portfolio optimization ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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  • 114
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: In this Special Issue of Genes entitled “Genetic Conditions Affecting the Skeleton: Congenital, Idiopathic Scoliosis and Arthrogryposis”, evidence is presented that suggests that congenital, idiopathic scoliosis, and arthrogryposis share similar overlapping, but also distinct, etiopathogenic mechanisms, including connective tissue and neuromuscular mechanisms. Congenital scoliosis (CS) is defined by the presence of an abnormal spinal curvature, due to an underlying vertebral bony malformation (VM). Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is defined by the presence of an abnormal structural spinal curvature of ≥10 degrees in the sagittal plane, in the absence of an underlying VM. Arthrogryposis is defined by the presence of congenital contractures in two or more joints of the appendicular skeleton. All three conditions have complex genetic causes. This Special Issue highlights the complex nature of these conditions and current concepts in our approach to better understand their genetics.
    Keywords: spinal curvatures ; scoliosis ; idiopathic ; DNA methylation ; pyrosequencing ; estrogen receptor 1 ; ESR1 ; scoliosis progression ; adolescent idiopathic scoliosis ; idiopathic scoliosis ; exome sequencing ; spine ; polygenic ; variants ; musculoskeletal disease ; cytoskeleton ; extracellular matrix ; contracture ; arthrogryposis ; congenital ; POC5 ; cilia ; genetics ; spine deformity ; genetic predisposition ; complex trait ; model animal ; genome wide association study ; genetic linkage study ; Amyoplasia ; DECIPHER (DatabasE of genomiC variation and Phenotype in Humans using Ensemble Resources) ; CNV (copy number variant) ; DA (distal arthrogryposis) ; IPA (ingenuity pathway analysis) ; HPO (human phenotype ontology) ; akinesia ; MYOD ; IGF2 ; FGFR1 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1) ; genetic variations ; congenital scoliosis ; monozygotic twin ; epigenome-wide association study ; bone ; discordant ; curve severity ; differentially methylated region ; congenital vertebral malformation ; copy number variant ; CNV ; CHRNG ; distal arthrogryposis type 8 ; Escobar ; multiple pterygium syndrome ; MYH3 ; protein tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7) ; whole exome sequencing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical)
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  • 115
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Mountain forests and alpine ecosystems are rich in biodiversity and endemism, and they are also large global carbon stores. They are highly threatened by climate change, population growth and land use change. Mountains represent an ideal natural laboratory in which the evolution of social–ecological systems can be investigated and to the current challenges and opportunities that this past evolution has created can be assessed. Mountains have been centres of past development and conduits for the spread of crops, populations and technologies. They were and remain a locus for cultural interaction, as manifested recently in many parts of the world at the local level through pastoral–agricultural–urban interactions over access to space and resources, particularly water. The relevance and impact of this Special Issue on mountains goes beyond academia, as practitioners and policymakers need key information on the dynamics and changes in threatened ecosystems to help design and implement appropriate management strategies for sustainable mountain futures.
    Keywords: environmental perceptions ; land function ; rural space ; karst mountain area ; Mediterranean ; Montenegro ; mountain ; katun ; traditional architecture ; vernacular heritage ; transhumance ; extensive cattle rearing ; ecological indices ; land abandonment ; land management ; meadows ; mountain agroecosystems ; mowing tolerance ; mountain vegetation ; pastures ; spreadsheet ; fractal characteristics ; natural geographical features ; water-facing distribution ; suitable space ; rural mountain settlements ; population ; population trends ; urbanisation ; sustainable development ; deforestation ; shifting cultivation ; traditional fallow ; swiddens ; land-use change ; spatial effects ; small-scale context ; socio-economic drivers ; policy assessment ; CAP ; policy trade-offs ; mitigation policies ; gully agricultural production transformation ; rural development ; sustainable land use ; geographically and temporally weighted regression ; gully land consolidation ; farmer ; Chagga ; gender ; East Africa ; local knowledge ; Kilimanjaro ; Hehe ; Udzungwa ; wealth groups ; alpine and montane ecosystems ; austral perspective ; environmental sustainability ; global change ; long-term research ; mountain observatories ; multi-disciplinary research ; social context ; socio-ecological coupling ; Southern Africa ; model complexity ; model validation ; Landsat ; satellite data ; species distribution models ; connectivity ; fragmentation ; Maxent ; functional traits ; environmental drivers ; mycorrhizas ; fourth corner ; RLQ ; Andean forests ; alpine ; mountains ; climate change ; experimental manipulations ; PRISMA ; precipitation ; drought ; vegetation ; New Zealand ; hill country ; poplar ; kānuka ; agroforestry ; silvopasture ; soil conservation ; erosion ; ecosystem services ; alien species ; biological invasions ; citizen science ; elevation ; species abundance ; tree invasions ; woody plant encroachment ; adaptation strategies ; ethnicity ; farmers ; Itombwe Mountains ; perceptions ; wealth group ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This book focuses attention on significant novel approaches developed to monitor land surface by exploiting satellite data in the infrared and visible ranges. Unlike in situ measurements, satellite data provide global coverage and higher temporal resolution, with very accurate retrievals of land parameters. This is fundamental in the study of climate change and global warming. The authors offer an overview of different methodologies to retrieve land surface parameters— evapotranspiration, emissivity contrast and water deficit indices, land subsidence, leaf area index, vegetation height, and crop coefficient—all of which play a significant role in the study of land cover, land use, monitoring of vegetation and soil water stress, as well as early warning and detection of forest fires and drought.
    Keywords: Sentinel-2 ; spectral bands ; LAI ; vegetation indices ; Sentinel-1 ; SAR ; RVI ; incidence angle ; crop coefficient ; leaf area index ; urban heat island ; UHI regional impacts ; non-urban areas ; remote sensing ; thermal band ; UHI intensity ; remote sensing/GIS ; spatial dynamics ; landscape metrics ; urban–rural gradient ; urbanization ; automatic monitoring ; time series ; change detection ; urban planning ; hyperspectral ; cacti ; drone ; climate change ; drought ; water deficit index ; infrared observations ; satellite ; surface temperature ; air temperature ; humidity ; dew point temperature ; land subsidence ; DInSAR ; differential interferograms stacking ; floods ; coastal plain of Tabasco ; crop residue ; fusion ; machine learning algorithm ; reflective and radar bands ; land-cover change ; REDD+ ; Google Earth Engine ; random forest ; landsat ; Togo ; emissivity ; evapotranspiration ; heterogeneity ; Rao’s Q index ; spectral variation hypothesis ; thermal infrared ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint is excellent proof that, despite more than a hundred years of research into hydrogen bonds, they are still an interesting and fundamental topic in the natural sciences. The collected articles deal with various aspects of the existence of hydrogen bonds and show human ingenuity in the field of inventing and applying various techniques, both experimental and theoretical, in order to describe them more fully.
    Keywords: hydrogen bond ; synthon ; crystal structure ; polymorphism ; amino alcohols ; quinaldinic acid ; fluorine ; PDB ; hydrogen bonds ; HBs ; π-hole ; counterions ; molecular electrostatic potential ; AIM ; energy decomposition ; hydrogen bonding ; isotope effects on 13C chemical shifts ; tautomerism ; hydrogen bond energy ; theoretical calculations ; fagopyrins ; conformation ; QTAIM ; NCI ; NMR ; structure determination ; supramolecular chemistry ; water clusters ; natural bond orbitals ; natural resonance theory ; natural bond orders ; Grotthuss proton ordering ; water wires ; glassy water ; quantum cluster equilibrium ; carbene ; N-heterocyclic carbene ; NHC ; imidazol-2-ylidene ; intermolecular interaction ; secondary interaction ; organometallic chemistry ; DFT ; interacting quantum atoms ; aromaticity ; substituent effect ; solvent effect ; tautomers ; nitro group ; amino group ; calixarene ; SAPT ; molecular fragmentation ; host–guest complex ; non-covalent interactions ; spectroscopic signatures ; CPMD ; PIMD ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry
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  • 118
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The development of clean and low-carbon energy is undoubtedly imperative in the coming decades worldwide. This book focuses on a series of advanced research on geological and geochemical characterization, as well as on the exploration, development, and utilization of coal and coal-related resources, especially critical metals together with unconventional gases in coal and coal-bearing sequences, which are of great significance to achieving carbon neutrality.
    Keywords: Coal ; Critical metals ; Unconventional resources ; Geological origin ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint aims to provide a wide range of viable alternative designs that utilize valuable compounds from spicy and aromatic plants. Spices and aromatic plants have been used for thousands of years to flavor food, but they can also be used for healing purposes. Until a few decades ago, however, this was performed with little knowledge of their actual properties. The attitude toward these plants has changed, and the need for knowledge has increased. The studies are oriented towards an in-depth analysis of the valuable compounds in these plants in order to be used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agricultural industries.
    Keywords: aromatic plant ; chemical profiles ; huajiao ; spicy plant ; taxonomical description ; volatile compositions ; phenethylamine ; L. stoechas ; acetylcholine ; choline acetyltransferase ; AChE ; aromatic amine ; enhancement of memory ; Lavandula angustifolia L. ; essential oil ; by-products ; terpenic compounds ; chromatographic analyses ; antimicrobial activity ; statistical data analysis ; antidiarrheal ; calcium ion channel ; cardio-depressant ; Himalaiella heteromalla ; herbs ; essential oils ; aroma compounds ; antioxidant activity ; antibacterial activity ; bioactive compounds ; avocado seed ; valorization ; coffee alternative ; food waste ; antioxidant capacity ; cytotoxicity ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The aim of this reprint is to provide more awareness of the use of biobased polymers and biomaterials in numerous aspects of our daily-used items. This reprint presents recent progress in the preparation of biobased composite materials utilizing biopolymers and biomaterials for potential multifaceted applications.
    Keywords: biopolymers ; intelligent food packaging ; bioactive natural compounds ; biodegradable ; shelf-life ; sustainability ; alginate ; drug delivery system ; formulations ; administration route ; controlled release ; wound healing ; extraction methods ; biopolymer blend electrolyte ; EIS and FTIR ; ion transport parameters ; complex permittivity ; LSV and TNM measurements ; chitosan ; natural polymer ; biomedical applications ; drug delivery ; tissue engineering ; gelatine hydrogel ; laccase detection ; inhibitor screening ; substrate specificity screening ; storage stability ; microbial cultivation ; hydrogel dressings ; licorice root extract ; silver nanoparticles ; wettability ; cytotoxicity ; tensile strength ; sorption ability ; natural gums ; polysaccharides ; edible polymers ; coating and film ; active packaging ; curcumin nanoemulsion ; cheese ; ultrasound ; SEM ; self-life and sensory analysis ; biomimetic materials ; bone defect ; chemical elements ; polymers ; phosphate adsorption ; zeolite ; ZrO ; Fe3O4 ; Box–Behnken design ; mechanical stability ; oxygen delivery ; cardioplegic solution ; α-cyclodextrin ; cyclic nigerosyl-nigerose ; nanosponges ; prolonged release ; hypothermia ; organ transplantation ; organ explantation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue is a collection of research topics on developing analytical and bioanalytical methods for isolation, identification, and determination of substances in biomedical and pharmaceutical matrices. Special attention is given to advancements in sample preparation, separation techniques and novel detection methods of small molecules, peptides, and monoclonal antibodies. The presented analytical methods exhibit several applications, including pharmacokinetic studies, therapeutic drug monitoring, microdialysis, toxicology, disease screening or drug stability study. Two comprehensive review articles were also presented on applying capillary electrophoresis to analyze bioactive compounds in herbal matrices.
    Keywords: CNS ; sulfasalazine ; brain to plasma ratio ; LC-ESI-TOF-MS ; rituximab ; quadripolar mass spectrometer ; albumin depletion ; pharmacokinetics ; orbitrap mass spectrometer ; IgG-immunocapture ; bubble-generating magnetic liposomes ; bionic membrane ; permeable compounds ; herbal medicines ; LC–MS ; capillary electrophoresis ; herbal ; raw material ; tea ; polyphenols ; flavonoids ; amino acids ; coumarins ; alkaloids ; chlorambucil and valproic acid ; HPLC-UV and GC-MS methods ; optimization and validation ; determination in plasma ; combined anticancer therapy ; herbal drugs ; medicinal plants ; quality control ; quantitative analysis ; pharmaceutical analysis ; 4-acetamidobenzoic acid ; validation ; pharmacokinetic ; pigs ; LC-MS/MS ; iron determination ; spectrophotometry ; flow analysis ; direct injection detector ; multi-pumping flow system ; medical errors ; hospital workflow ; patient safety ; Raman spectroscopy ; IV drugs ; piperacillin ; tazobactam ; non-invasively ; vildagliptin ; remogliflozin ; ratio derivative spectrophotometry ; determination ; formulation ; ecofriendly ; confidence interval ; stability ; retrospective analysis ; sample size ; regulatory bioanalysis ; bioanalytical method validation ; heparin ; metal–organic framework ; zeolite imidazolate framework-8 ; kinetic ; thermodynamic ; Oncheong-eum ; traditional herbal prescription ; method development ; method validation ; high-performance liquid chromatography ; thalassemia ; human hemoglobin ; wooden-tip electrospray ionization ; multiply charged ions ; mass spectrometry ; multiply charged ion ; GC–MS ; analytical QbD ; genotoxic impurity ; alkyl halide ; (Q)SAR ; analytical method development ; tyrosine kinase inhibitor ; liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry ; active metabolite ; therapeutic drug monitoring ; chronic lymphocytic leukemia ; assay error equation ; oral anticancer drug ; IWR-1-endo ; Wnt signaling inhibitor ; solid-phase extraction ; cerebral microdialysis ; bioanalysis ; Tafamidis ; polymorphs ; crystal structure ; powder diffraction ; thermal stability ; blood collection tubes ; citrate anticoagulant ; direct spectrometric determination ; quality control method ; anticoagulant concentration ; draw volume ; anticoagulant volume ; magnesium contamination ; potassium contamination ; Agrimonia pilosa ; apigenin-7-O-glucuronide ; cream ; HPLC-DAD ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint focuses on original research articles on the use of geodetic measurement techniques for land deformation identification, monitoring, and impact assessment. The development and application of modern surveying techniques for understanding land deformation is of particular interest. There is a special focus on examining the current and advanced geodetic measurement techniques, including radar interferometry (InSAR), global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), light detection and ranging (LiDAR), close-range photogrammetry (CRP), Robotic Total Station (RTS), digital levelling etc., to detect and monitor land deformation.
    Keywords: GPS height time series ; surface mass loading ; RMS reduction rate ; annual amplitude and phase ; annual phase difference ; Msplit estimation ; TLS measurements ; terrain profiles ; vertical displacements ; hydrological loading ; long-term coordinate series ; noise model ; velocity ; amplitude ; ground-based SAR ; UAV aerial photogrammetry ; geocoding ; solution space search ; landslide monitoring ; ground fissure extraction ; loess landform ; modified MF-FDOG algorithm ; RF algorithm ; UAV image ; InSAR ; ice velocity field ; Sentinel-1 images ; missing data recovering ; ice rigidity inversion ; GPS ; GRACE ; LDCmgm90 ; time-variable gravity ; loading deformation ; Aniangzhai landslide ; Danba County ; multi-hazard chain ; time-series InSAR ; optical image analysis ; “space-sky-ground” collaborative monitoring framework ; mining subsidence ; preference model ; AHP-TOPSIS ; GNSS ; leveling ; Sichuan–Yunnan region ; vertical deformation ; independent component analysis ; soft clay ; highway ; deformation monitoring ; environmental loading ; thermal expansion effect ; monument types ; mining area ; hazard identification ; landslide evolution pattern ; hazard chain ; GB-InSAR ; LSTM model ; deformation prediction ; real-time processing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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  • 123
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Nowadays, computational and mathematical methods provide effective tools for handling vast quantities of data and information in the fields of big data analytics, knowledge discovery and decision-making for solving complex problems in the world. The present reprint contains all of the articles accepted and published in the first edition of the Special Issue titled “Computational and Mathematical Methods in Information Science and Engineering”. The objective of this Special Issue is to provide a channel through which members of the scientific community can exchange insights regarding recent advances in the theory and application of computational and mathematical methods in information science and engineering, with the long-term goal being to solve data-handling problems in practice. We hope that the papers published in this Special Issue will be considered impactful by the international scientific community and motivate further research into computational and mathematical methods that can solve complex problems in various fields and applications.
    Keywords: multi-scale ; local interaction ; lightweight image reconstruction network ; global fusion ; green supply chain ; environmental awareness ; information acquisition ; outsourcing ; in-house ; career choice ; prediction ; machine learning ; college students ; non-cooperative equilibrium ; complex supply chain network ; environmental policies ; circular economy ; structural balance ; feedback mechanism ; opinions polarization ; reservoir characterization ; productivity prediction ; knowledge interaction neural network ; embedded model ; egg shape equation ; displacement of volume method ; egg volume ; classical retrial policy ; queue dependent service rate ; waiting time analysis ; infinite orbit ; private set intersection ; quantum authentication ; oblivious quantum key distribution ; Internet of Things ; multi-objective optimization ; mining plan ; metal mines ; adaptive ; hybrid mutation ; multi-facility location problem ; clustering algorithm ; center-of-gravity method ; hybrid multi-attribute ; three-way group decision making ; VIKOR model ; grey correlation analysis ; interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers ; tourist arrival forecast ; variational mode decomposition ; empirical mode decomposition ; multiscale analysis ; deep learning model ; convolutional neural network model ; seasonal ARIMA ; ARIMA ; sales forecasting ; demand pattern ; dynamic weighting ; model selection ; retail ; malicious network traffic ; GAN ; imbalanced classification ; partial discharge (PD) ; phase-resolved PD (PRPD) ; rotating machine ; stator coil ; buffer wards ; mixed-integer programming ; dynamic bed allocation ; patient admission control ; COVID-19 pandemic ; regression ; data stream ; non-convex loss function ; noise-resilient ; online-learning ; ARL ; control charts ; COVID-19 data ; deviance residuals ; link functions ; logistic profiling ; Pearson residuals ; conditional autoregressive model ; Markov chain Monte Carlo ; occurrence rate ; spatial Poisson model ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This reprint focuses on fundamental and applied research on national parks and protected areas. The destruction and degradation of nature undermine biodiversity and human well-being. Protected areas (including national parks) represent one of the best ways to safeguard nature and preserve biodiversity for the benefit of all life on Earth. Protected areas put the focus on nature conservation while providing various types of ecosystem services and contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In this reprint, special attention is given to wilderness quality, connectivity conservation and ecological networks, ecosystem services, community participation, tourism and other relevant topics.
    Keywords: Qilian Mountain National Park ; community participation ; TPB extended model ; balloon dessert ; structural equation model ; national park ; social-ecological system ; ecosystem services ; tea cultivation ; protected area management ; habitat degradation ; LUCC ; driving force ; GeoDetector model ; coastal city ; adaptability ; residents ; perception ; Qilian Mountain National Park Pilot ; natural parks ; regression analysis ; ecotourism ; Extremadura ; knowledge mapping ; bibliometrics ; VOSviewer ; CiteSpace ; protected areas ; Nepal ; management capacity evaluation ; management measures ; protected area ; best practice ; indicator system ; Three-River-Source National Park ; cultural ecosystem service ; community resident ; function evaluation ; landscape ; co-management ; social equity ; fairness perception ; empowerment levels ; biodiversity conservation ; connectivity ; dispersal probability ; least-cost distance ; ecological corridor ; Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park (NTLNP) ; government purchasing of ecological services ; payment for ecosystem services (PES) ; ecological compensation (EC) ; state-owned forest enterprises (SOFEs) ; functional zoning ; landscape unit ; multi-criteria decision analysis ; MSPA ; MCR ; stakeholders ; sustainable tourism ; Sierra Morena ; ecosystem services value ; land use intensity ; land use change ; sensitivity analysis ; Qilian Mountain National Park (Gansu Area) ; wilderness quality ; wilderness character ; Iceland ; Central Highlands ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: International experts contribute to Fractional- and Integer-Order System: Control Theory and Applications, providing an authoritative overview of the most recent developments in control theory as well as practical examples of fractional- and integer-order systems. Generously referenced and illustrated, the reprint highlights the growing interest in control science and is an invaluable resource for applied and industrial mathematicians, biological, control, electrical and electronics engineers and scientists.
    Keywords: fractional fourier transform ; weighted-type fractional fourier transform ; multiweighted-type fractional Fourier transform ; unitarity ; direct autotuning methods ; indirect autotuning methods ; fractional-order controllers ; simulation results ; interval analysis ; interval estimator ; finite-time convergence ; bounded uncertainties ; infectious diseases ; SEIR epidemic model ; fractional calculus ; neutral systems ; fixed-point theory ; distributed interval observer ; fractional-order multiagent systems ; monotone system theory ; generalized Caputo derivate ; fractional diffusion equation ; finite difference method ; collocation method ; error ; stability and convergence analysis ; autonomous underwater vehicle ; fuzzy logic control ; particle swarm optimization algorithm ; initial value problem ; fractional differential systems ; fractional integral equation ; infinite-state approach ; Riemann–Liouville integral ; frequency distributed exponential function ; fractional-order differential equations ; verification of pseudo-state enclosures ; Mittag-Leffler-type enclosures ; exponential enclosures ; fractional order ; synchronization ; event triggered ; uncertain ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: The word "cancer" is associated with at least 100 different pathologies, depending on the organ involved and the type of tumor developed. Cancer is a complex disease involving multiple pathogenetic mechanisms. Characterization of different types of cancers, which distinguishes them from healthy cells and other cancers, allows for the identification of specific targets for each individual tumor. The principle of chemotherapy is based on interference with the mechanisms that regulate the life and proliferation of cancer cells, causing their death. In recent years, there has been continuous progress in the development of therapeutic agents against cancer, which is ongoing.The Anticancer Inhibitors Special Issue focuses on new target-based anticancer agents that inhibit a specific target involved in the suppression of various types of cancer and the control of their chemoresistance.There is a collection of research and review articles on advances in drug discovery, design, and development of new inhibitor compounds with potency against various cancer types.
    Keywords: breast cancer ; tamoxifen ; LY294002 ; synergism ; apoptosis ; cell cycle ; tea (Camellia sinensis) flowers ; BTFS ; A2780/CP70 ovarian cancer cells ; S phase cell cycle arrest ; nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase ; NAD+ biosynthesis ; inhibitor ; azacyclohexane ; anticancer drug ; drug design ; enthalpy effect ; NSCLC ; Cathepsin K ; cell proliferation ; cell migration ; cell invasion ; mTOR ; isatin-hydrazones ; cytotoxicity ; CDK2 inhibitor ; ATP competitive inhibitor ; ADME analysis ; receptor tyrosine kinases ; protein-protein interactions ; protein engineering ; directed evolution ; angiogenesis ; binding affinity ; agonistic activity ; saponins ; phytochemicals ; tea (Camellia sinensis) flower ; ovarian cancer ; autophagy ; ZMYND8 ; tumorigenesis ; epigenetic regulation ; pro-oncogenic effects ; tumor suppression ; tacrine-coumarin derivatives ; DNA ; topoisomerases I ; II ; lung carcinoma cells ; A549 ; chemotherapy ; prodrug ; drug targeting ; overexpressed enzymes ; ADC ; ADEPT ; GDEPT ; LEAPT ; PROTAC ; cyclin-dependent kinase ; cancer ; resistance ; small molecule inhibitors ; PROTACs ; statins ; pancreatic cancer ; DNA microarray ; pitavastatin ; cerivastatin ; simvastatin ; fluvastatin ; atorvastatin ; pravastatin ; HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This book focuses on applied research on growth traits, fat reserves, fatty acid profiles and enriched diets and their effects on reproduction, health status and welfare. The studies contained in the volume have been carried out in both monogastric organisms and ruminants, fish, broilers or pigeons. Fundamental studies with rats or mice are also presented. The reader will find novel research about the effects of the degree of fatness and muscularity determined by ultrasound method on sows´ reproductive performance, genetic studies on fatty acid profiles and growth traits in rabbits and Gilthead Seabream; nutritional studies addressing diets enriched with bee pollen in rats, postbiotics in male rabbits, concentrate and bypass supplementations in buffaloes; and interesting studies on the welfare assessment of meat sheep, rabbits, racing pigeons, broilers, alpacas and llamas using body condition measurements.
    Keywords: behavior ; body condition ; energy status ; fatty acid ; genetic ; physiology ; reproduction ; welfare ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFZ Animals & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Remote sensing is a powerful technique for characterizing and monitoring crop or vegetation properties at reasonable temporal and spatial resolutions. Remote sensing uses airborne and spaceborne platforms to collect various imageries and is widely applied for the vegetation monitoring of local- or large-scale interest concerning the effect of geophysical and climate parameters. The Special Issue highlights vegetation monitoring using remote sensing data acquired from satellite or unmanned aerial vehicle platforms. In addition to the optical data, thermal data is utilized to estimate crop yield or production, orchard water status, chlorophyll content, forest diversity mapping, or vegetation phenology.
    Keywords: rice and wheat ; nitrogen remote sensing ; quantitative retrieval ; research prospect ; vegetation phenology ; snow cover ; vegetation index ; SOS ; Tibetan Plateau ; remote sensing ; forest diversity ; GEDI LiDAR ; Sentinel-2 ; machine Learning ; yield forecasting ; logistic model ; normalization method ; crop canopy temperature ; maize ; broadband vegetation indices ; chlorophyll content ; leaf angle distribution ; WorldView-2 ; RapidEye ; GaoFen-6 ; random forest ; land evaluation ; soil ; biomass ; Hungary ; gross primary productivity ; soil health ; soil quality ; coastal marsh ; continuum removal ; hyperspectral ; spectral signatures ; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ; vegetation species discrimination ; second derivative transformation ; canopy temperature ; crop water status index ; accuracy assessment ; peach orchard ; stem water potential ; backscatter ; gradient boosting ; machine learning ; NDVI ; precision agriculture ; forest stock volume ; NDVIRE ; Helan mountains ; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ; unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) ; semi-natural grasslands ; plant communities ; time series ; reconstruction algorithm ; smoothing ; optical remote sensing ; cropping intensity ; temporal mixture analysis ; endmember ; unmixing ; time series images ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The Special Issue, “Effect of the Modification of Catalysts on the Catalytic Performance”, should be of great interest to all researchers involved in this scientific area regarding the synthesis and characterization of various catalysts or catalytic materials; catalytic performance (activity and selectivity); synergetic effect; and the modification of catalysts or suitable promoters that are added to modify the catalyst structure.
    Keywords: alkali metal poison ; Cu/SSZ-13 ; crystal size ; NH3-SCR ; activated carbon fiber ; surface modification ; hydrogen peroxide ; hydroxylamine ; pyrrolic/pyridone nitrogen ; fractal dimension ; modified catalysts ; fractal analysis ; perovskite ; nanoparticles ; CO oxidation ; sulfur and water resistance ; platinum-based catalyst ; Keggin structure ; formic acid decomposition ; polyacrylonitrile hollow nanospheres ; ethylenediamine modification ; palladium cobalt nanoparticles ; ZnO/CuO/g-C3N4 ; co-crystallization ; heterojunction ; photocatalytic degradation ; organic pollutant ; titanate nanorods ; Fe-modified titanate ; Fe2O3 nanocubes ; ammonia catalytic ozonation assisted by solar light ; zeolite Y ; hierarchical zeolite Y ; 3D mesoporous silica ; Au/Ti-supported catalysts ; surface plasmon resonance effect ; photocatalytic degradation of amoxicillin ; CoOx ; MnOx ; hydrocarbon total oxidation ; redox properties ; catalytic performances ; lattice oxygen mobility ; copper spacer ; layered perovskite ; phenol ; photocatalysis ; simulated solar irradiation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: In this Special Issue, we aim to represent the vibrant state of protein structure studies at the end of 2021. Recent decades have brought significant changes to the protein structure research field. Thanks to the genome projects and advances in structure determination methods, the number of solved protein structures has increased significantly. Protein structure research is experiencing a new renaissance, and in 2020 the number of deposited structures in the PDB database reached a new record. An assortment of many new frontiers are presented in this collection. A single Special Issue cannot give a comprehensive overview of a large field such as proteins science, but we aim to give a broad overview of current research.
    Keywords: configurational entropy ; force fields ; intrinsically disordered proteins ; protein folding ; NMR ; high hydrostatic pressure ; thermodynamic stability ; α-helical bundle ; Li-Fraumeni syndrome ; hereditary breast cancer ; germline TP53 missense variants ; quantitative prediction model ; protein conformation ; protein–protein interactions ; protein–protein binding ; protein–protein complex ; coarse-grained modeling ; multiscale modeling ; UFM1 ; UBA5 ; UFC1 ; protein-protein interactions ; complex structure ; oxidative stress ; Nrf2 ; Keap1 ; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; hydrogen/deuterium exchange ; mass spectrometry ; circular dichroism ; intrinsically disordered ; bifidobacteria ; fucosidases ; glycosyl hydrolases ; conserved domains ; human milk ; analytical ultracentrifugation ; CO2 concentrating mechanism ; diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy ; electrospray ionization mass spectrometry ; homotetramer ; manganese ; metalloprotein ; photosynthesis ; small-angle X-ray scattering ; C1q ; calcium binding proteins ; genetic variation ; otoconia ; otolin-1 ; OTOL1 ; site-directed mutagenesis ; thermal shift assay ; B.1.1.7 ; B.1.617.2 ; COVID-19 ; E484Q ; T478K and L452R mutation ; N501Y mutation ; spike protein ; tetrabromobisphenol A ; tetrabromobisphenol S ; erythrocyte membrane ; retardants ; erythrocytes ; protein–ligand interactions ; protein dynamics ; FK506-binding protein ; FKBP12 ; FKBP51 ; oxidative folding ; glutathionylation ; nitrosylation ; cysteine reactivity ; ribosomal exit tunnel ; transient complex ; glutathione ; phosphorylation ; transmembrane proteins ; saturation mutagenesis ; deep sequencing ; residue packing ; deep learning ; convolutional neural network ; bidirectional long-short term memory ; protein ; prediction ; contact ; distance ; alphafold ; ProSPr ; CASP ; dataset ; retrainable ; mutual synergetic folding ; solvent accessibility of peptide bonds ; inter-subunit interaction ; solvent-accessible surface area ; Shannon information entropy ; amino acid composition ; glucose ; GlcNAc ; galactose ; GalNAc ; mannose ; xylose ; fucose ; Neu5Ac ; glucuronate ; iduronate ; tetrahydropyran ; entropy ; free energy ; free energy landscape ; energy-dependent protein folding ; co-translational protein folding ; molecular chaperones ; physical model of protein folding ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: Comprehensive understanding of surface water and groundwater interaction is essential for effective water resources management. Groundwater and surface water are closely connected components that constantly interact with each other within the Earth’s hydrologic cycle. Many studies utilized observations to explain the surface water and groundwater interactions by carefully analyzing the behavior of surface water features (streams, lakes, reservoirs, wetlands, and estuaries) and the related aquifer environments. However, unlike visible surface water, groundwater, an invisible water resource, is not easy to measure or quantify directly. Nevertheless, demand for groundwater that is highly resilient to climate change is growing rapidly. Furthermore, groundwater is the prime source for drinking water supply and irrigation, and hence critical to global food security. Groundwater needs to be managed wisely, protected, and especially sustainably used. However, this task has become a challenge to many hydrologic systems in arid to even humid regions because of added stress caused by changing environment, climate, land use, population growth, etc. In this issue, the editors present contributions on various research areas such as the integrated surface water and groundwater analysis, sustainable management of groundwater, and the interaction between surface water and groundwater. Methodologies, strategies, case studies as well as quantitative techniques for dealing with combined surface water and groundwater management are of interest for this issue.
    Keywords: groundwater-surface water interaction ; analytical ; numerical ; FEMME ; STRIVE ; MODFLOW ; Long Short-Term Memory ; groundwater level prediction ; groundwater withdrawal impact ; groundwater level variation ; machine learning ; integrated surface water and groundwater analysis ; climate change ; hydraulic fracturing ; construction of well pads ; MIKE-SHE ; MIKE-11 ; northwestern Alberta ; SWAT+ ; groundwater ; modeling ; groundwater–surface water interactions ; rainwater harvesting ; climate variability ; small island developing states ; improved water governance ; national sustainable development plans ; SDG6 ; community participation ; drinking water supply ; water supply scheme ; surface water/groundwater interactions ; managed aquifer recharge ; induced riverbank filtration ; groundwater resource management ; water curtain cultivation ; surface–groundwater interaction ; water budget analysis ; Nera River ; carbonate aquifer ; recession curves ; seismic sequence ; permafrost hydrology ; Russian Arctic ; water tracks ; hydrological connectivity ; stable water isotopes ; dissolved organic carbon ; electrical resistivity tomography ; taliks ; flood ; surface and groundwater interactions ; HEIFLOW ; Managed Aquifer Recharge ; groundwater tracer ; heat transport ; surface–ground-water interactions ; infiltration basin ; groundwater hydrology ; young water fraction ; global meteoric water line ; northern Italian Apennines ; stakeholder participation ; surface water-groundwater interaction ; scenario modelling ; integrated water management ; agent-based modelling ; SimCopiapo ; water balance ; water table fluctuation method ; irrigated pastures ; deep percolation ; aquifer recharge ; clay soils ; flood irrigation ; water management ; surface water ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint, entitled “Process Control and Smart Manufacturing for Industry 4.0”, contains the extended papers from the Series of annual IFSA conferences on Automation, Robotics and Communications for Industry 4.0/5.0 (ARCI) on the following topics: Process Automation, Process Control and Monitoring, Design Principles in Industry 4.0, Smart Manufacturing and Technologies, Smart Factories, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing. The reprint contains 13 chapters written by 54 ARCI conference participants from seven countries: China, Croatia, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Poland and Romania. This reprint will inform readers of cutting-edge developments in the field and provide effective starting points and a road map for further research and development. All chapters follow the same structure: firstly, an introduction to the specific topic under study; secondly, a description of the field, including sensing or/and measuring applications. Each chapter ends with a curated list of references, including books, journals, conference proceedings and websites. “Process Control and Smart Manufacturing for Industry 4.0” is intended for researchers and scientists from academia and industry, as well as for postgraduate students.
    Keywords: steel alloys ; resistance spot welding ; RSW ; electrode wear ; electrode tip-dressing ; process monitoring ; mushrooming ; plateau forming ; quality control ; COVID-19 ; FDM ; 3D printing ; injection molding ; personal protection ; rapid prototyping ; protective face shields ; mechatronics line ; visual servoing system ; wheeled mobile robot ; industrial robotic manipulator ; Industry 4.0 ; NDT ; magnetic particle inspection ; optimization ; condition monitoring ; vibration ; acoustic emission ; drive train ; data fusion ; machine learning ; product morphology ; core data model ; phase rule filter ; phase private data model ; storage system ; forklift AGV ; deep learning ; semantic segmentation ; H-Swish ; community transformation ; community innovation governance ; ternary space ; coupling and coordination analysis ; lean manufacturing ; lean principles ; pull principle ; production control mechanisms ; production processes ; lean implementation ; batch process ; partial least squares ; multi-phase ; multi-mode ; master production scheduling ; make-to-order ; mathematical programming ; agent-based ; overtime ; earliness ; tardiness ; equipment selection decision ; business compass ; energy consumption ; processing time ; beetle antennae search algorithm ; sustainable blank dimension design ; energy-saving ; low-carbon ; grey wolf algorithm ; gas–solid ; cyclone ; separator ; gas dynamics ; erosion ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 133
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Achieving success along the entire production and supply chain of a dairy sector depends explicitly on adopting a sustainable 'state of the art' approach. In this regard, understanding key sustainability indicators and challenges with a holistic approach is vital. Appropriate design, application of novel technologies, implementation of life cycle analysis, upgradation and optimization of the entire production line are some of the key factors to be measured. In addition, it is vital that due consideration is given to demands of the producers, consumers, and dependent industries. Nevertheless, concern for the environment, social security and economy of the region should not be ignored. Precise planning ('on-farm' and 'off-farm') assumes importance especially when circular economy strategies needs to be considered. With these as background, this book is focused towards identifying present opportunities and overcoming future sustainability challenges in the global dairy sector.
    Keywords: dairy ; water ; review ; modelling ; water footprint ; agriculture ; feed additive ; methane mitigation ; enteric emissions ; greenhouse gas ; climate change ; LCA ; environmental impacts ; intensification ; technical efficiency ; four-component model ; endogeneity ; input distance function ; meta-frontier ; stochastic frontier analysis ; dairy processing industry ; European Union ; proanthocyanidins ; condensed tannins ; secondary plant metabolites ; methane ; ruminants ; farm ; organization ; governance ; adoption ; agroecology ; practices ; regulation ; Brazil ; ammonia emissions ; dairy cow ; flushing ; freestall barn ; scraping ; heat pump ; dairy farming ; water heater ; ASHP ; ASHPWH ; usable water ; emissions ; sustainability ; farm type ; sustainable management ; small-/medium-scale animal farms ; food science ; customer experience design ; food well-being ; food psychology ; hedonia ; eudaimonia ; meaningful consumption ; artisan products ; local food ; profit cows ; economic sustainability ; knowledge transfer ; production disease ; production disease economics ; emission factor ; enteric fermentation ; gross energy ; milking cows ; dairy industry ; supply chain management ; safety failure factors ; interpretive structural modeling ; MICMAC analysis ; agro-livestock sector ; GHG emissions ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The externalization of animals’ genetic potential is determined by a number of external factors, of which feeding plays a major role. Animals’ nourishment is one of the most important levers to ensure the efficiency of animal production due to both the high share of feed costs in the total cost of products and the influence this has on the growth, reproduction, and health of animals as well as the quality of products obtained from these. This field is one of the most dynamic in the field of husbandry sciences due to the takeover and permanent use of numerous results obtained from research on energy metabolism and nutrients related to the composition of feed and its influence on animal products. This is also due to the great advances in genetics, which create new types of animals with increasing productive potential, but also with different food requirements. This Special Issue collated innovative papers on animal nutrition, physiology, chemistry, biochemistry, genetics, reproduction, and breeding technologies. The articles covered a wide range of topics related to feed quality, the influence of food on the production level, the quality of production, and also on animals’ health.
    Keywords: carcass yield ; commercial cuts ; low cost ; neutral detergent fiber ; non-fiber carbohydrate ; Yucca schidigera ; antimicrobial ; secondary metabolites ; sustainability ; pollution ; production ; food animals ; Ajuga iva ; chemical composition ; nutritive value ; unconventional feeds ; phenolic ; growing conditions ; dairy buffaloes ; farming environment ; reproductive and productive performances ; feeding trial ; mozzarella cheese ; sensory properties ; alternative feed ; degradability ; fractions ; ram ; sperm quality ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; apparent digestibility ; honey ; quality ; phenolic content ; flavonoid content ; Pearson’s correlation ; female camels ; milk ; minerals ; heavy metals ; winter ; total mixed ration ; paddlefish ; meat quality ; fatty acids ; biological value ; body condition score ; ewes ; reproductive traits ; flushing ; animal production ; genetic diversity ; grey cattle ; mitochondrial DNA ; Podolian cattle ; European catfish ; somatometry ; corporal indice ; flesh yield ; nutritional quality ; lactation ; manganese ; reproductive performance ; sows ; AP monitoring ; IoT ; AP estimation ; decision support ; livestock farming ; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ; meat ; chicken ; duck ; turkey ; phenols ; flavonoids ; FTIR ; rearing system ; birds’ welfare condition ; biochemical analysis ; productive parameters ; food and feed safety ; yeasts and molds ; Salmonella spp. ; Escherichia coli ; Clostridium perfringens ; rabbit ; hare ; lipid health indices ; water-holding capacity ; cooking loss ; egg weight ; shell weight ; fractional reduction ; deletion method ; reproduction ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The Special Issue “Radioactive Pollution and Biological Effects of Radioactivity“of the Journal Life involved the participation of academic scientists, researchers, and scholars from all over the World that contributed with articles, reviews, and case reports, based on high-quality research works.The common topic of the published works concerns the radioactive pollution, which occurs when radioactive elements enter the atmosphere and reach the Earth’s surface, within solids, liquids, or gases, including the human body. This happens after natural and/or man-made activities, such as nuclear tests, industrial waste (e.g., radiodiagnostics), and excesses of naturally occurring radioactive sources. This kind of pollution entails risks of radiological contamination of the environment, with harmful effects on human health caused by the ionizing radiation. This theme has become even more current due to the increasing use of ionizing radiation for domestic, industrial, and medical purposes during the last century. Radiological monitoring is a primary objective of radiation protection in order to estimate and understand the impact of radionuclides on the environment and to assess the health risk for the population.The aim of the Special Issue has been to provide an interdisciplinary platform for researchers to exchange and share their experiences and latest achievements on all aspects of radioactive pollution. Survey data analysis, original and unpublished results of conceptual, constructive, empirical, experimental, and theoretical work were welcome, as well as other concepts related to the radiation field.
    Keywords: radon ; effective dose ; workplaces ; soil ; tea leaves ; HPGe γ-ray spectrometry ; terrestrial and anthropogenic radionuclides ; threshold consumption rate ; committed effective dose ; genomics ; transcriptomics ; proteomics ; lipidomics ; radiation ; cetaceans ; CR-39 detector ; Euratom 59/2013 ; Italian radiation protection legislation ; radon indoor ; radon survey ; radioactivity ; gamma spectrometry ; absorbed dose rates ; radiation risk ; aquatic environment ; non-human biota ; graphene oxide/chitosan sponge ; adsorbent ; adsorption isotherm ; iodine-131 ; radioactive waste management ; metabolome ; GC-MS ; LC-MS ; Fukushima nuclear accident ; low-dose radiation exposure ; plant physiology ; Oxalis corniculata ; radioactive pollution ; field effect ; alfuzosin ; serum biomarker ; lung cancer ; CEA ; Cyfra21-1 ; radiocaesium ; mushrooms ; Chernobyl accident ; LC–MS ; creeping wood sorrel ; endophytic microbe ; stress response ; lauric acid ; ikarugamycin ; plant secondary metabolite ; artificial diet ; Zizeeria maha ; low-dose exposure ; natural environmental radiation ; indoor radon ; external dose ; burning season ; imaging tests ; radiation exposure ; recommendations ; gender ; socioeconomical status ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology::TQK Pollution control
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: This is a reprint for the Special Issue "Functional Nanoparticles for Environmental Contaminants Removal and Agricultural Application." in Coatings; this reprint includes 12 articles and 1 general review.
    Keywords: microorganism ; colloidal biochar ; organic fertilizer ; tomato ; fruit quality ; nanoparticle ; hexaconazole ; photo-responsibility ; mesoporous silicas ; controlled-release ; CuNPs ; epididymis ; sperm ; Chinese soft-shelled turtles ; toxicity ; metal nanoparticles ; final germination percentage ; root length ; shoot length ; meta-analysis ; nutrient concentration ; chlorophyll concentration ; peroxymonosulfate ; pre-adsorption ; degradation ; nonradical oxidation ; biochar nanoparticle ; Chinese cabbage ; conventional fertilizers ; plant growth ; nanocarrier ; manufactured nano-objects (MNOs) ; nano-agrochemicals (NAgs) ; nanoplastics (NPs) ; nano-scale materials (NSMs) ; oxidation ; electron-transfer ; N doping ; Fenton-like ; sulfamethoxazole ; nanoscale schwertmannite ; chitosan nanoparticles ; coatings ; carotenoid ; PAHs ; spinach ; magnetic fluorescent nanosensor ; selective recognition ; silver ion ; 3-sulfhydryl-1-propane sodium (MPS) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: To enhance the international dissemination of ideas on how to make renewable energy sources a driver of sustainable development for the coming decades, it is necessary to unite the efforts of researchers in the fields of traditional and modern energy, waste-free production, and ecology in multidisciplinary discussions of urgent problems of transition to the use of renewable energy.In order to gain new ideas and insights into these areas worldwide, this book, entitled “Sustainable Development Processes for Renewable Energy Technology”, has been prepared. This book mainly covers original research integrating the principles of sustainable development, the production and recycling of new materials, and the use of renewable energy, reflecting the intended breadth of understanding of the complex interdisciplinary issues that the field of Sustainable Development Processes for Renewable Energy Technology presents.
    Keywords: sustainable development, renewable energy, new materials, recycling, Earth sources ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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  • 138
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Plants under natural conditions often face multiple stresses, including drought, salinity, temperature extremes, submergence stress, bacteria, viruses, fungi, insects, etc. These biotic and abiotic stresses negatively influence plant growth and productivity. Various approaches have recently been used to overcome stresses in plants. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies to improve biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. This will help reduce production losses and increase crop tolerance to various stresses. It is now the time to make a difference by developing plants that can withstand biotic and abiotic stresses.
    Keywords: antioxidants ; drought ; oxidative stress ; pearl millet ; redox implications ; ROS ; chlorophyll fluorescence efficiency ; photosynthetic responses ; enzyme activity ; sugarcane ; smut ; circadian clock ; reactive oxygen species ; Al-induced PCD ; photoperiodism ; peanut ; phylogenetic ; virus-induced gene silencing ; transgenic lines ; physiological and biochemical analysis ; Glycine max L. ; PR proteins ; chitinase ; genome-wide ; plant stresses ; crop residues ; profitability ; soil fertility ; soil biology ; allelopathy ; heat shock protein 20 ; maize ; abiotic stress ; yeast-one-hybrid ; abiotic stresses ; cotton ; hormones ; signaling pathway ; WRKY ; papaya (Carica papaya) ; brassicales ; late embryogenesis abundant protein ; orthogroup ; expression profile ; artificial light ; auxins ; chicory ; callus cells ; inulin ; plant growth regulators ; milk thistle ; secondary metabolites ; ecotypes ; salinity ; growth attributes ; biotic stress ; phenolic compounds ; seaweed ; Dendrobium catenatum ; lipase ; multi-omics ; expression pattern ; gene family ; bio-fertilizer ; ionic homeostasis ; organic amendments ; vermicompost ; cold stress ; PKS5 ; stomatal aperture ; microbiota ; natural farming ; physical factors ; physiological changes ; signal transduction and stressed conditions ; Rhizobium leguminosarum ; PGPR ; Triticum aestivum L. ; cadmium stress ; tolerance ; ascorbate ; glutathione ; malondialdehyde ; chlorophylls ; disease gradient ; disease outbreak ; Puccinia ; wheat stripe rust ; plant epidemic ; dispersal ecology ; alternative plant vitrification solution ; ammonium-free medium ; cytotoxicity ; droplet-vitrification ; endangered species ; liquid overlay ; regrowth medium ; within-plant phenotypic plasticity ; combined stresses ; additive ; antagonistic and synergic effects ; VOCs ; potassium ; soybean ; water logging ; yield ; non-thermal plasma ; plant defense ; glucosinolates ; nitriles ; RNA sequencing ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; Bt toxins ; Cry1Ah1 transgenic poplar ; ecology ; environment ; rhizosphere ; candidate genes ; drought tolerance ; crop improvement ; climate change ; adaptation ; Chenopodium quinoa Willd. ; genotypes ; Sahara ; Algeria ; chitosan ; pathogen ; sustainable ; plant protection ; tomato ; melatonin ; photosynthesis ; climate changes ; antioxidant system ; Malus seedlings ; NaCl treatments ; membrane damage ; osmotic regulation ; archives ; botanical collection ; Greece ; landscape ; pre-rebellion period ; wheat ; priming ; Aspergillus niger ; qRT-PCR ; wilting ; TLP ; β-1,3-glucanase ; biostimulants ; biofertilizers ; soil microorganisms ; phytostimulator ; jewel sweet potato ; shoot tip ; axillary bud ; different MS salts concentration ; micropropagation ; plant performance ; C4 species ; heterozygosity ; transient soil salinity ; soil layers ; desertification ; arid regoins ; total flavonoid ; phenolics ; antioxidant activity ; centella ; Na+ content ; molecular markers ; MAS ; oilseeds ; SSRs ; molecular breeding ; dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB) transcription factors ; gene expression ; mosses ; stress tolerance ; common centaury ; salinity stress ; antioxidative protection ; sodium nitroprusside ; proteomic analysis ; drought stress ; sorghum ; RNS ; RSS ; signaling ; post-translational modification ; microorganisms ; stressful conditions ; sustainability ; nutrition ; Brassicaceae ; Cicer arietinum L. ; chlorophyll a fluorescence transient ; physiological and biochemical traits ; high temperature ; chocolate spot disease ; Botrytis fabae ; faba bean ; antioxidant enzymes ; protein banding and anatomy ; actinobacteria ; Streptomyces tuirus ; chilli fruit rot ; Colletotrichum scovillei ; Colletotrichum truncatum ; Fusarium oxysporum ; liquid bio-formulation ; corn smut ; fungus infection ; MDA ; proline ; quality ; halophytes ; Tripolium pannonicum ; hydrogen peroxide ; cell wall extensibility ; cell wall polysaccharide ; coleoptile ; growth inhibition ; lead (Pb) ; rice ; Bactrocera oleae ; spinosad ; kaolin ; organic oliviculture ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; leaf gas exchange ; physiological traits ; BAG (Bcl-2-associated anthanogene) family proteins ; molecular chaperone ; metabolomics ; metabolic responses ; metabolites variation ; surveillance ; Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus ; comprehensive control ; distribution ; screen house ; Copper hyperaccumulation ; stress mitigation ; EDTA and IAA ; sunflower ; Fusarium wilt ; conventional breeding ; molecular makers ; QTLs ; genomics ; transcriptomics ; metabolomics and proteomics ; bread wheat ; AMF ; zinc ; growth parameters ; osmolyte ; osmoprotector ; ionic attributes ; PGPBs ; growth-promoting fungi ; crop productivity ; plant tolerance ; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; aerobic rice ; soil enzymes ; phosphorus utilization ; P-deficient ; plant growth promotion ; chickpea ; selection indices ; drought tolerant genotypes ; abiotic and biotic stress ; CRISPR ; mega nucleases ; TALEN ; ZFN ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: This reprint presents 13 papers published in the Special Issue entitled "Molecular Research for Cereal Grain Quality" of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, together with an editorial. All of these papers provide new scientific insights into molecular research for cereal grain quality, with most studies focusing on the grain quality of rice and wheat crops. More papers with a broader coverage of the grain quality features of different cereal crops need to be collected in future Special Issues.
    Keywords: Oryza sativa L. ; hybrid rice ; ECQ ; Waxy ; ALK ; indica restorer ; rice breeding ; rice (Oryza sativa) ; OsROS1a ; CRISPR/Cas9 ; seed storage protein ; starch ; RNA-Seq ; alternative splicing ; indica/japonica hybrid rice ; liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry ; wide-targeted metabolomics ; storage temperature ; storage performance ; GLW7.1 ; GHD7 ; grain size ; quality ; rice ; BADH2 ; ‘Changxianggeng 1813’ ; fragrant rice ; genome assembly ; genomic variations ; japonica cultivar ; Wx gene ; eating and cooking quality (ECQ) ; amylose content ; starch synthase ; starch branching enzyme ; protein–protein interaction ; protein complex ; grain filling ; heading date ; yield ; low gelatinization temperature ; starch synthase IIa ; spelt wheat ; HMW-GS ; three-diamensional structure ; SNP marker ; quality improvement ; ROS1 ; DNA demethylation ; pollen fertility ; bisulfite sequencing ; rice (Oryza satia L.) ; mRNA localization ; RNA-binding proteins ; zipcode RNA ; storage proteins ; Triticum aestivum L. ; spring frost ; spikelet development ; grain set and quality ; QTLs ; Wx ; OsBADH2 ; two-line hybrid rice ; 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline aroma ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This Special Issue aims to update the current evidence and challenging topics centred around the diagnosis and management of ocular diseases. We gather ten original research articles and two literature reviews on recent efforts aimed toward the discovery of novel findings in different ocular research areas, including orbital, lacrimal, and eyelid disease, as well as glaucoma, retinal disease, myopia, and corneal disease.
    Keywords: hyperthyroidism ; strabismus ; orbital decompression surgery ; artificial intelligence ; blepharoptosis ; general practitioners ; computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) ; optical coherence tomography ; diabetic macular edema ; antivascular endothelial growth factors ; vitreomacular interface abnormality ; eye ; optometry ; sEMG ; eyeball length ; retinal ; choroidal ; intraocular pressure ; USG ; masticatory muscles ; myopia ; hydrogel scleral buckles ; retinal detachment ; glaucoma ; anterior orbitotomy ; orbital muscle volume ; increased orbital muscle ; orbital muscle enlargement ; orbit volumetry ; Graves’ orbitopathy ; Graves’ disease ; dysthyroid optic neuropathy ; orbital decompression ; OCT-A ; neovascularization ; AMD ; anti-VEGF ; vascular remodeling ; personalized ; approach ; glaucomatous optic neuropathy ; glutamate ; optic nerve protection ; infectious keratitis ; corneal ulcer ; Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking ; PACK-CXL ; IgG4-related ophthalmic disease ; IgG4-related disease ; serum IgG4 ; corticosteroids ; balloon dacryocystoplasty ; monocanalicular intubation ; Masterka tube ; nasolacrimal duct obstruction ; silicone tube intubation ; circadian IOP fluctuation ; contact lens sensor ; ripasudil ; n/a ; achromatopsia ; cone ; low vision aids ; quality of life ; personalised ophthalmology ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The incidence of obesity has dramatically increased in recent decades, which has placed great pressure and a significant burden on people's lives and the economy. Drug treatment of obesity may have certain side effects, while surgical treatment also has risks and can cause negative emotions in people. Weight loss obtained through diet and exercise leads to a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the possible beneficial effects of dietary supplements, which are products intended to "supplement" the diet. In addition to vitamins, minerals and amino acids, dietary supplements can contain herbs or other botanicals and many other ingredients. They are not drugs and are not intended to treat diseases; they are adjuvants in the management of obesity and metabolic diseases. As a consequence, there is a great need to determine specific dietary supplements for the management of obesity. This will be the content of this Special Issue.
    Keywords: dietary supplement ; obesity ; botanicals ; nutrients ; weight loss ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 142
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Understanding the interconnection between energy, the environment, and the economy is critical in contemporary society. The relationship between energy consumption, economic growth, and the environment has garnered significant attention from researchers and policymakers alike, and understanding the underlying causal connection between energy and the economy is crucial for modeling effective environmental and growth policies. Moreover, the emergence of new energy and environmental policies would create a plethora of further research opportunities in this evolving climate regime. For instance, several countries prioritize projects focused on energy efficiency, as they are considered low-risk, no-regret options that may yield economic benefits. In a nutshell, this Special Issue aims to address a gap in the existing literature by providing an in-depth analysis of the interplay between energy, the environment, and the economy, emphasizing the exploration of the potential environmental impacts of energy consumption and economic growth.
    Keywords: economic growth and the environment ; renewable energy sources ; sustainability ; energy problems ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The human brain has hundreds of billions of neurons, and at least 7 million dendrites have been hypothesized to exist for each neuron, with over 100 trillion neuron–neuron, neuron–muscle, and neuron–endocrine cell synapses [1,2]. Our body continually receives stimuli from the outer environment, and our brain’s ability to respond to these stimuli is ensured through synaptic processes, motivating the foundations of this Special Issue.This reprint aims to underline the role of synaptic plasticity phenomena in our body and clarify the mechanism operated by neurons to guarantee these phenomena. The collection in the Issue comprises 14 papers, including 8 reviews and 6 original works, one of which is a protocol for differentiating neurons from human stem cells, and 5 are preclinical works.
    Keywords: autophagy ; proteasome ; immunoproteasome ; mTOR ; T-cells ; glia ; dopamine ; glutamate ; neuro-inflammation ; glucocorticoids ; noradrenaline ; tyrosine hydroxylase ; reticular formation ; dopamine transporter ; Parkinson’s disease ; PINK1 ; caspase-3 ; striatum ; synaptic plasticity ; long-term depression ; brain networks ; connectivity ; Alzheimer’s disease (AD) ; schizophrenia ; long-term potentiation (LTP) ; synaptic scaling ; resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) ; inflammation ; multiple sclerosis ; neuregulins ; ErbB receptors ; LTP ; LTD ; hippocampus ; midbrain dopamine neurons ; brain connectivity ; brain development ; gut-brain axis ; neurodevelopmental diseases ; neuronal cytoarchitecture ; neuroplasticity ; regulatory T cells ; serotonin (5-HT) ; endocannabinoid system ; spatial learning ; dorsal striatum ; amygdala ; Circular Hole Board ; AM251 ; mice ; dystonia ; D2 receptors ; synapses ; dopamine volume transmission ; SNARE proteins ; long-term potentiation ; learning and memory ; cognition ; Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses ; tripartite synapse ; neurovascular unit ; systems biology ; Glutamate ; NMDA receptors ; dendritic spines ; brain disorders ; transmission electron microscopy ; human neurons ; induced neural stem cells ; synapse ; synaptic vesicles ; high contrast ; inhibition ; computational neuroscience ; GABA ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The global karst distribution area is nearly 22 million km2, accounting for ca. 15% of land area, and the population living in karst areas is approximately one billion. Strong karstification makes the soil environment dry and with high pH and high content of calcium (bicarbonate). The karst environment with a high spatiotemporal heterogeneity seriously affects the growth and development of plants. Faced with these heterogeneous environments, plants have adopted diversified adaptive strategies. This Special Issue is a collection of 15 important research works, which demonstrated some achievements on the physiological and ecological adaption of plants to heterogeneous karst environments, and also explore how to extend the service period of plant resources in karst regions. These works will help to understand the karst-adaptability of plants from multiple perspectives and provide a scientific reference for the selection of karst-adaptable plants and the restoration of vegetation in karst areas. Meanwhile, they will provide theoretical support for organic integration towards economic, social and environmental sustainability of karst areas, and the beautiful vision of "green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains". In the future, we look forward to more emerging research on adaptive plants in the karst ecosystem, which will serve better in maintaining ecosystems (carbon neutral), ensuring food supply and promoting sustainable social development.
    Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; karst ; patch and substrate heterogeneity ; root morphology ; nutrients uptake ; age ; Zanthoxylum planispinum var. dintanensis ; leaf-litter-soil continuum ; carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ; soil stoichiometry ; rocky desertification area ; angiosperm ; gymnosperm ; interspecific competition ; water stress ; stable isotopic ; golden Camellia species ; karst plant ; calcareous soils ; acid soils ; plant nutrition ; adaptability ; allocations ; plantations ; stoichiometry ; soil microorganisms ; soil extracellular enzymes ; internal stability ; aboveground vegetation ; soil seed bank ; soil property ; human intervention ; plantation age ; redundancy analysis ; suitable strategy ; adaptation ; bidirectional nitrogen isotope ; inorganic carbon assimilation ; nitrogen utilization ; karst habitat ; bicarbonate use ; carbon sequestration ; carbonic anhydrase ; karst-adaptable plants ; photosynthesis ; soil dissolved inorganic carbon ; water-soluble organic matter ; stable isotope ; contribution ; electrophysiology ; stomatal conductance ; water-use efficiency ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; blueberry ; 1-MCP ; cell wall polysaccharide ; shelf life ; karst fruit ; lignification ; browning ; physiological metabolism ; senescence mechanism ; karst mountainous area ; artificial forest ; nitrate ; isotope mass balance approach ; assimilatory demand ; dissolved inorganic carbon ; Coix seed rice ; electrical signal ; substance transport ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Throughout their life cycles—from production, usage, through to disposal—materials and products interact with the environment (water, soil, and air). At the same time, they are exposed to environmental influences and, through their emissions, have an impact on the environment, people, and health. Accelerated experimental testing processes can be used to predict the long-term environmental consequences of innovative products before these actually enter the environment. We are living in a material world. Building materials, geosynthetics, wooden toys, soil, nanomaterials, composites, wastes and more are research subjects examined by the authors of this book. The interactions of materials with the environment are manifold. Therefore, it is important to assess the environmental impact of these interactions. Some answers to how this task can be achieved are given in this Special Issue.
    Keywords: environmental simulations ; polymer-based products ; artificial weathering ; degradation ; leaching ; soil contact ; carbon concrete composite ; irrigated construction elements ; environmental compatibility ; irrigated building materials ; environmental assessment ; evaluation concepts ; bio-based insulation ; earthen building materials ; volatile organic compounds ; semi-volatile organic compounds ; formaldehyde ; radon ; wooden toys ; emission test chamber ; flask method ; EN 717-3 ; microchamber ; Enchytraeids ; waterproof building materials ; ecotoxicology ; biotest ; geosynthetics ; geotextiles ; dynamic surface leaching test ; artificial ageing ; marine littering ; batch leaching test ; liquid-solid ratio ; column percolation test ; advection-dispersion model ; adsorption–desorption equilibrium ; clinoptilolite ; soil ; water ; CEC ; specific surface ; zeolitization ; hydrogen storage ; kinetics ; material life cycle assessment ; Eco-Indicator 99’ ; CML 2001 ; calcium phosphate ; calcium carbonate ; recycling ; environmental problems ; seashell ; leaching test ; equilibrium condition ; non-equilibrium condition ; modelling ; sorption kinetics ; non-linear sorption ; heterogeneity ; mineral recycling material ; compliance testing ; nano titanium dioxide (nTiO2) ; engineered nanomaterial (ENM) ; sewage sludge incineration (SSI) ; ENM containing sewage sludge ash (SSA) ; column elution ; agricultural use ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Active B-type stars are defined by their characteristic emission formed in a dense environment. Among them are the classical Be stars, which are surrounded by ionized gaseous disks, and B[e] stars, whose disks are so dense that even molecules and dust can form within them. The variability of active B-type stars seen on various time and spatial scales is often connected to the formation and dissipation of these disks. Although the possible roles of radiation, rotation, pulsation, and binarity in pulling material off the stars have been explored in detail in the past few decades, the relevant physical processes involved in the formation of sustainable disks and their dynamical evolution are still unclear and a matter of debate.This Special Issue intends to provide a comprehensive update on the state of knowledge in the field of active B-type stars. It combines reviews and selected contributions on recent groundbreaking advancements in the comprehension of these peculiar objects from both a theoretical and an observational perspective. These new insights form the basis for exploring complex physical phenomena to verify the different scenarios proposed for the evolution and variability of stars and their circumstellar environment of the diverse classes of active B-type stars.
    Keywords: stars: individual: α Eri, α Col, ω Car, η Cen ; archive ; stars: emission-line, Be ; stars: early-type ; (stars:) circumstellar matter ; stars: peculiar (except chemically peculiar) ; Be stars ; early-type emission stars ; circumstellar disks ; early-type variable stars ; open star clusters ; Gaia ; Techniques: spectrophotometric ; Stars: activity ; Stars: emission-line, B, Bn, Be, B[e], Bm ; Stars: rotation ; Stars: evolution ; Stars: chemically peculiar ; Stars: magnetic field ; stars flares ; stars activity ; stars binaries spectroscopic ; early-type stars ; stars individual ; HD 36030 ; circumstellar matter: jets and outflows ; stars: individual Z CMa ; stars: emission-line ; Be ; stars: massive ; stars: mass-loss ; hydrodynamics ; analytical methods ; numerical methods ; methods: statistical methods: numerical ; binaries: eclipsing ; stars: oscillations (including pulsations) ; stars: peculiar ; stars: individual: MWC 645 ; circumstellar matter ; binaries: general ; techniques: spectroscopic ; stars: supergiants ; stars: winds ; outflows ; massive stars ; mass-loss stars ; star evolution ; emission line ; Be circumstellar matter ; supergiant stars ; star variables ; S Doradus infrared ; galaxies: individual ; WLM ; NGC 55 ; NGC 247 ; NGC 253 ; NGC 300 ; NGC 3109 ; NGC 7793 ; stars: symbiotic, binaries ; stars: infrared ; stars: individual: MX Pup, π Aqr ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PG Astronomy, space & time
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint focuses on fungi as they are considered one of the most harmful organisms, endangering the conservation of historical and artistic heritage worldwide. Fungi are a large group of organisms occupying many ecological niches, even those considered extreme, due to their ability to cope with many environmental factors and to feed on all organic materials, even those considered toxic. For these reasons, the conservation of artefacts of historical or artistic value must consider information on fungal diversity, ecology, and the methods of controlling or limiting their destructive action. Biocides have been used for decades as the method of choice to stop or mitigate fungal spreading when preventive measures fail. Recently, more attention has been paid to alternative control methods that are more respectful of the operator and the environment. Due to the wide range of materials used throughout history, and the microclimatic conditions to which they are subjected worldwide, more efforts are needed to cover this knowledge gap and set more sustainable protocols.
    Keywords: fungi ; ex situ collection ; biodeterioration ; biodegradation ; cultural heritage ; glass corrosion ; optical instruments ; fungal community ; Aspergillus ; Penicillium ; light transmission ; aerobiology ; airborne fungi ; Parengyodontium ; entomopathogenic fungi ; materials ; essential oils ; antifungal ; inhibitory effects ; galvanic cells ; GALVI technology ; Zn ; Bi ; Cu ; antimicrobial technology ; two-phase media ; Serpula lacrymans ; wood ; FTIR ; identification ; benzalkonium chloride resistance ; biodeterioration control ; Exophiala ; halophilic fungi ; fungal acid production ; Knufia ; monuments salt weathering ; QAC biocides ; Salinomyces thailandicus ; marble XRD ; MIP investigations ; frescoes deterioration ; fungal diversity ; fungal ecology ; hypogean conservation ; mural paintings biodeterioration ; subterranean cultural heritage deterioration ; wall paintings conservation ; stone cultural heritage ; black fungi ; MCF ; control ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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  • 148
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Given the current growth in global challenges, the need for smart agriculture practices and effective strategies is emerging as an imminent issue at a planetary scale. Agriculture 4.0 involves a large variety of mobile apps, web applications, Internet of Things (IoT) devices and platforms, drones, robots, and smart machinery for precision agriculture. The expansion of cloud technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and big data collection are setting the stage for Agriculture 5.0. Agriculture science and natural sciences are further promoting this trend with the development of leading-edge scientific models and platforms, including stochastic, process-based, and data-driven machine learning modeling. This Special Issue covers the most recent and up-to-date progress in all aspects of internet and computer software applications in agriculture, focusing on the development of web applications and mobile apps, smart IoT devices and platforms, AI, ML and DL solutions in precision agriculture for detection, recognition, classification, monitoring, cultivation, harvesting, and marketing; development of cloud technologies for smart agriculture; computer and machine vision methods and applications for drones and smart machinery, and sensors for field operations; diagnostics and data collection; big data science; scientific process-based and stochastic modeling; and machine learning modeling for agriculture, agroecosystems and natural ecosystems. The research in this Special Issue will contribute to the promotion of modern agriculture practices in the current climate and in the future.
    Keywords: grape varieties identification ; Support Vector Machine (SVM) ; Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) ; deep feature fusion ; Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) ; smart machinery ; digital agriculture ; Chinese agricultural diseases and pests ; named entity recognition ; adversarial training ; semantic enhancement ; technology innovation ; food processing ; transition pathways ; sustainable food systems ; transformation ; smart farming ; IoT ; WSN ; containerization ; multi-agent ; neural network ; LSTM ; leisure agricultural park ; traveler group ; COVID-19 pandemic ; fuzzy collaborative intelligence ; machine vision ; maize seeds ; classification ; deep learning ; convolutional neural network ; decision support systems ; agricultural water management ; water security ; data-driven modeling ; conceptual resilience model ; input uncertainty ; climate extreme ; process-based modeling ; vehicle routing problem ; fresh agricultural products ; split delivery ; NSGA-II algorithm ; farm management information system ; farmers’ information needs assessment ; soft system methodology ; smallholder farmers ; conceptual model ; Indonesian chili farmers ; residual block ; attention mechanism ; grape leaf disease ; aquatic products price forecast ; VMD ; IBES ; hybrid model ; precision agriculture ; sensor network ; semi-literate farmers ; interactive interface ; User Interface (UI) ; Android apps ; machine learning ; regression algorithms ; web application ; early prediction of crop yield ; grape detection ; self-attention ; buffalo breeds ; Neural Networks ; Self Activated CNN ; DeepLabv3+ ; semantic segmentation ; picking point identification ; e-commerce interest linkage ; participation willingness and behaviors ; government policies ; farmers’ cognition ; evolutionary game model ; structural equation model ; object detection ; YOLOv7 ; hemp duck count ; smart agriculture ; LoRaWAN ; water status ; supply chain ; horticulture ; logistics ; operations ; planning framework ; decision support ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Antibiotic resistance represents one of the most important challenges in the world and involves humans, animals and the environment.For this reason, it is increasingly important to focus our attention on the present scenarios and the future prospects relating to this problem. The One Health approach helps us and can provide the tools to consider the problem from different points of view, also providing alternative solutions to the use of the antibiotic itself.
    Keywords: Enterococcus ; vancomycin resistance ; systematic review ; meta-analysis ; Nigeria ; climate change ; One Health ; Candida auris ; COVID 19 ; emerging pathogens ; antimicrobial resistance ; Staphylococcus aureus ; rabbits ; pathotype ; antibiotic resistance profiles ; spa type ; Italy ; Escherichia coli ; AmpC β-lactamases ; CMY-2 type ; ISEcp1 ; chickens ; wild birds ; livestock ; Greece ; one health ; antibiotic resistance ; human ; animal ; environment ; text data mining ; natural language processing ; common language ; AMR ; AR ; antimicrobial use ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; farm animals ; blaCTX-M ; Chile ; domestic animals ; E. coli ; extended-spectrum beta-lactamases ; wildlife ; Salmonella enterica ; pigs ; Suriname ; whole genome sequencing ; awareness ; antimicrobial stewardship ; layer poultry farms ; surveillance ; Middle East ; One Heath ; foodborne pathogens ; Campylobacter spp. ; Salmonella spp. ; strategic action plan on antibiotic resistance ; Swedish stakeholder perceptions ; qualitative study ; Enteritidis ; multidrug-resistant ; Derby ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Weeds are the most important biological factor that affects yield in herbaceous and perennial crops. Nowadays, following the recommendations of government institutions and public opinion, there is an urgent need to search for sustainable weed management practices that have a low impact on the environment and on the health of living organisms. This reprint, established after closing the Special Issue “Sustainable Weed Management” edited by Dr. Alessia Restuccia and Dr. Aurelio Scavo, is a collection of papers (17 research articles and 1 review) related to the recent advancements in sustainable weed control methods and to the biotic and abiotic factors affecting weed adaptation.
    Keywords: cover crop ; weed management ; seed bank ; weed associations ; species richness ; multivariate analysis ; sustainability ; crop competition ; cultural management ; rainfall ; rain-fed agriculture ; seed production ; weed suppression ; weed density ; alternative weed management ; buffalobur ; crop and herbicide rotation ; herbicide efficacy ; surfactant ; terpenes ; mechanism of action ; germination inhibitors ; crops ; allelopathy ; phytochemicals ; P. hysterophorus ; germination ; growth ; herbicide resistance ; resistance mechanisms ; NTSR mechanisms ; TSR mechanisms ; metabolism ; organic ; no-till ; agroecology ; competition ; dispersal ; landscape ; oilseed rape ; sustainable weed management ; growth curve ; plant traits ; elevation gradient ; climate change ; invasive plant species ; Ophraella communa ; invasive species management ; contact herbicide ; pelargonic acid ; esterified seed oil ; foliar penetration ; adjuvant ; tank-mix partner ; non-chemical weed management ; rare weeds ; weed control ; winter wheat ; Chinese elm ; woody weed ; chemical control ; stem implantation ; Olea europaea L. ; Mediterranean basin ; agroecological practices ; minimum tillage ; zero tillage ; pollinating and predatory insects ; agroforestry ; intercropping ; consociation ; weeds ; barley ; false seedbed ; cropping system ; bioherbicides ; compost processing ; coniferous volatiles ; Pinus densiflora ; Pinus koraiensis ; thermal resistance ; durum wheat ; seed germination ; polyphenols ; flavonoids ; Portulaca oleracea ; Stellaria media ; rice ; cultural methods ; herbicides ; impacts ; soil microorganisms ; soil enzymes ; Triticum durum ; soil seedbank ; species diversity ; weed communities ; old landraces ; multivariate statistics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany & plant sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This Special Issue contains 12 articles evidencing the state of the art of research on the evolution and genetics of reptiles. One of the main lines of research concerns the advancements in phylogenetic studies based on the more recent molecular methods and the developments in whole genome sequencing. Among the papers, topics related to the analysis of genome composition with special reference to the presence and evolution of repetitive DNA and the control of gene activity are of interest. Examples of the different roles played by chromosome variability in various evolutionary models are reported. Some of the papers regard certain peculiarities of reptiles, such as meiotic mechanisms in parthenogenetic species and the transition between genetic and environmental sex determination. Besides studies on chromosomes and the nuclear genome, two papers also investigate mitochondrial genome evolution. Particularly promising for future studies is the potentiality gained by the results obtained so far from research into the evolution and genetics of reptiles that has also been used for an intriguing tentative motion to reconstruct dinosaurs’ karyotypes. The papers from this Special Issue highlight that reptiles are a good model for studying the genetic and molecular basis of certain key moments in vertebrate evolution.
    Keywords: varanid ; control region ; ortholog ; paralog ; evolution ; karyotype ; NORs ; Madagascar ; reptiles ; sex chromosomes ; lizard ; sex determination ; incubation temperature ; gonadal differentiation ; centric fissions ; chromosome rearrangements ; cytochrome b ; population cytogenetics ; speciation ; prophase I of meiosis ; synaptonemal complex ; crossing-over ; recombination rate ; nucleolar organizer ; NOR ; bimodal karyotype ; microchromosomes ; heterochromatin ; chiasma ; lizards ; Zootoca vivipara ; multiple sex chromosomes ; meiosis ; synaptonemal complex (SC) ; form and subspeciation ; dinosaurs ; birds ; chromosome ; cytogenomics ; comparative genomics ; genome evolution ; epigenetic DNA methylation ; temperature-dependent sex determination—TSD ; bisulfite conversion of immunoprecipitated DNA MeDIP-BS-seq ; methylation-sensitive ELISA ; methylation-sensitive PCR ; methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme ; vertebrate reptilian turtle ; somatic versus gonadal tissue ; sexing diagnosis ; conservation ecology ; Serpentes ; Colubridae ; Viperidae ; repetitive DNA ; centromere ; anonymous loci ; GC content ; genome size ; isochores ; natural history ; reduced representation ; repetitive elements ; sex determination and chromosomes ; target capture ; ultraconserved elements ; snake venoms ; antimicrobial activity ; snake toxins ; snake immunity ; rattlesnakes ; cathelicidins ; defensins ; genes ; peptides ; Southern River Terrapin ; genetics ; haplotype ; phylogenetic tree ; Peninsular Malaysia ; population diversity ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This MDPI booklet lists the articles published in three Special Issues of the journal Mathematics devoted to special functions with applications in mathematical physics in the years 2020–2021.The call for papers considered theories and applications of high transcendental functions, including topics found mainly in the list of keywords:- Mittag-Leffler and related functions, and their applications in mathematical physics;- Wright and related functions and their applications in mathematical physics;- exponential integrals and their extensions with applications in mathematical physics;- generalized hypergeometric functions and their extensions with applicationsHowever, the Special Issues were not limited to the above list, for example, when the content of a paper was clearly related to some high transcendental functions and their applications.Special attention was reserved for distinct functions exhibiting some relevance in the framework of the theories and applications of the fractional calculus and in their visualization through illuminating plots.Both research and survey articles were included in this booklet, according to the content list.
    Keywords: Mittag-Leffler functions ; Wright functions ; Exponetrial Integrals ; Fox-Wright functions ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: “Green chemistry”, as a rather novel field of chemistry and chemical engineering, is one of the key routes to assist researchers in sustainable development. Among the most valuable assets of green chemistry, “green solvents” are primary candidates to replace the industry workhorses, i.e., conventional harmful solvents.
    Keywords: hexavalent chromium ; humic acid ; vermiculite ; ionic liquid ; NMR ; adsorption ; N,N,N′,N′-tetraoctyl diglycolamide ; hypercrosslinked polystyrene ; supercritical fluid ; chromatography ; gravimetry ; isotherm ; DES ; deep eutectic solvents ; aqueous mixtures ; excess properties ; JAM ; PFP ; ammonium-based protic ionic liquids ; density ; viscosity ; refractive index ; phase transition ; thermal expansion coefficient ; standard entropy ; lattice potential energy ; CO2 absorption ; Acacia mearnsii ; supercritical fluid extraction ; p-anisic acid ; response surface methodology ; mathematical modeling ; green solvent ; solar energy ; Rankine cycle ; PCM ; exergy analysis ; energy analysis ; hydrothermal reaction ; CO2 conversion ; glucose ; metal catalysts ; metal oxide catalysts ; Sandmeyer reactions ; reaction mechanism ; Pyrus ussuriensis leaves ; flavonoids ; deep eutectic solvent ; green extraction ; neutron total scattering ; cellulose ; dissolution mechanism ; layered structure ; complexation ; artificial neural networks ; COSMO-RS ; multiple linear regression ; piecewise linear regression ; 1-butanol ; 2-methyltetrahydrofuran ; biodiesel ; coolant temperature ; cooling time ; stirring speed ; solvent-aided crystallization ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Fresh fruit and vegetables are considered as essential components of a healthy human diet, due to their pleasant taste and rich nutrients. However, fruits and vegetables are characterized by production seasonality, regionality, and perishability, which greatly affect the acceptance of consumers and increase the challenges of their post-harvest storage and preservation. A plurality of preservation technologies, including chemical treatment (calcium chloride, 1-methylcyclopropene, salicylic acid, etc.), physical methods (low-temperature conditioning, controlled atmosphere storage, ultraviolet-C irradiation, etc.), and biotechnology (such as genetic engineering technology) have been applied to maintain storage quality and to extend the storage life of fresh fruit and vegetables in recent years. Developing advanced preservation techniques to prolong the storage life of fruit and vegetables is of importance for improving social and economic benefits. Therefore, we invited authors to contribute original research articles and review articles focused on the innovative preservation technology of fresh produce, addressing storage problems, such as post-harvest quality deterioration caused by senescence, physiological disorders, and disease, to extend the shelf-life of fresh produce and reduce post-harvest loss.
    Keywords: tomato ; bacteriocin ; soft rot ; biocontrol ; vegetable preservation ; loquat fruit ; calcium chloride ; chilling injury ; reactive oxygen species ; ascorbate–glutathione cycle ; chive ; senescence ; quality ; antioxidant capacity ; amino acids ; organosulfur compounds ; peptide PAF56 ; citrus fruit ; changes cell structure ; spores ; membrane permeability ; acetic acid ; decontamination ; lactic acid ; pitaya fruit ; p-Anisaldehyde ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; AsA-GSH cycle ; antioxidant activity ; ripening ; enzymatic activities ; anthracnose ; shelf-life ; cold shock ; MAP ; cucumber ; storage ; VOCs ; photodynamic inactivation (PDI) ; antimicrobial ; biofilm ; fresh-cut pakchoi ; preservation ; hydrogen sulfide ; antioxidant enzyme ; energy ; proline ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 155
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Considering the worldwide problem of aquatic pollution, we proposed this reprint, which presents a collection of articles on different aspects of environmental pollution, from monitoring to the evaluation of toxicity. In particular, the volume concerns the issues specifically related to emerging contaminants in aquatic environments, such as plastics and pharmaceuticals. However, to confer to this volume a more holistic view, some articles on priority pollutants, such as heavy metals and pesticides, are also reported.
    Keywords: aquatic ecosystems ; pollution ; monitoring ; toxic effects ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This reprint includes 14 articles in Biomedical Data Science in honor of Professor Philip Bourne. Contributed by world-renowned experts, these articles cover a broad range of topics in machine learning, biophysics, bioinformatics, and systems biology.
    Keywords: structure-based drug discovery ; ligand binding sites ; deep learning ; graph neural network ; CRISPR/Cas9 ; genome editing ; machine learning ; SHAP values ; binding energy ; off-targets ; drug discovery ; retrosynthesis ; reaction template ; recurrent neural network ; and graph neural network ; mutational signatures ; smoking ; lung cancers ; APOBEC ; immune response to smoking ; cell-type composition ; goblet cells ; ciliated cells ; basal cells ; Protein Data Bank ; Open Access ; Worldwide Protein Data Bank ; macromolecular crystallography ; cryogenic electron microscopy ; cryogenic electron tomography ; electron crystallography ; micro-electron diffraction ; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; biological macromolecules ; proteins ; nucleic acids ; DNA ; RNA ; carbohydrates ; small-molecule ligands ; social determinants of health ; electronic health records ; real-world evidence ; census tract ; data science ; protein database ; search tool ; prioritization algorithm ; drug repositioning ; quantum machine learning ; quantum metric learning ; kernel method ; kernel classifiers ; structural bioinformatics ; function annotation ; specificity annotation ; MSA ; entropy ; variability ; amino acids ; Philip Bourne ; FAIR ; bioinformatics ; n/a ; protein kinases ; functional families ; KinFams ; KinBase classification ; large language models ; pharmacovigilance ; social media ; drugs of abuse ; DNA sequencing ; read classification ; metagenomics ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 157
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: In recent research on natural processes, mathematical modeling has become a very useful tool. It is often the case that, in fields such as economics and biology, a temporal lag between cause and effect must often be taken into consideration. In modeling, a natural and practical implementation of this phenomenon is through the use of distributed delays. This is because they illustrate the situation where temporal lags arise in certain ranges of values for certain related probability distributions, taking into account the variables’ entire history of behavior. Another mathematical tool that allows for the memory and inherited properties of systems to be encompassed in a model is the replacement of integer-order derivatives with fractional derivatives. To address realistic conditions, stochastic perturbation framed by a stochastic differential delay system can be used to explain the ambiguity about the context in which the system operates. The present book comprises all the 16 articles accepted and published in the Special Issue “Advances in Differential Dynamical Systems with Applications to Economics and Biology” of the MDPI journal Mathematics, with focuses on the dynamical analysis of mathematical models, arising from economy and biology, and innovative developments in mathematical techniques for their applications. We expect that the international scientific community will find this collection of research papers influential and that they will spur additional investigations on diverse applications with respect to dynamical systems in all scientific areas.
    Keywords: dynamical systems ; time delay ; stability ; bifurcation analysis in economic and biological systems ; chaotic behaviors ; fractional order systems ; numerical methods ; economic modeling ; infection modeling ; epidemic spreading ; blood flow models ; optimal control ; reaction&ndash ; diffusion systems ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Throughout their life cycles—from production, usage, through to disposal—materials and products interact with the environment (water, soil, and air). At the same time, they are exposed to environmental influences and, through their emissions, have an impact on the environment, people, and health. Accelerated experimental testing processes can be used to predict the long-term environmental consequences of innovative products before these actually enter the environment. We are living in a material world. Building materials, geosynthetics, wooden toys, soil, nanomaterials, composites, wastes and more are research subjects examined by the authors of this book. The interactions of materials with the environment are manifold. Therefore, it is important to assess the environmental impact of these interactions. Some answers to how this task can be achieved are given in this Special Issue.
    Keywords: environmental simulations ; polymer-based products ; artificial weathering ; degradation ; leaching ; soil contact ; carbon concrete composite ; irrigated construction elements ; environmental compatibility ; irrigated building materials ; environmental assessment ; evaluation concepts ; bio-based insulation ; earthen building materials ; volatile organic compounds ; semi-volatile organic compounds ; formaldehyde ; radon ; wooden toys ; emission test chamber ; flask method ; EN 717-3 ; microchamber ; Enchytraeids ; waterproof building materials ; ecotoxicology ; biotest ; geosynthetics ; geotextiles ; dynamic surface leaching test ; artificial ageing ; marine littering ; batch leaching test ; liquid-solid ratio ; column percolation test ; advection-dispersion model ; adsorption–desorption equilibrium ; clinoptilolite ; soil ; water ; CEC ; specific surface ; zeolitization ; hydrogen storage ; kinetics ; material life cycle assessment ; Eco-Indicator 99’ ; CML 2001 ; calcium phosphate ; calcium carbonate ; recycling ; environmental problems ; seashell ; leaching test ; equilibrium condition ; non-equilibrium condition ; modelling ; sorption kinetics ; non-linear sorption ; heterogeneity ; mineral recycling material ; compliance testing ; nano titanium dioxide (nTiO2) ; engineered nanomaterial (ENM) ; sewage sludge incineration (SSI) ; ENM containing sewage sludge ash (SSA) ; column elution ; agricultural use ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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  • 159
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue “Innovative Conservation Cropping Systems and Practices” is focused on the development and assessment of innovative conservation cropping systems and practices in determining system productivity and enhancing crop production and soil quality. It covers applied engineering for achieving a sustainable balance between productivity, environmental, and profitability factors, presenting a collection of research articles that cover a broad range of cropping systems and practices from the farmland ecosystem.
    Keywords: straw management ; potassium fertilizer ; rice–oilseed rape rotation ; yield ; bacterial community ; fungal community ; rice ; intercropping ; water mimosa ; pest and disease ; microclimate ; grain quality ; maize ; root system architecture ; nitrogen rates ; cultivars ; phytoremediation ; secondary salinization ; salt tolerance ; microbial diversity ; nutrient accumulation ; conservation tillage ; metabarcoding ; smash ridging ; soil chemical properties ; soil microbial diversity ; sugarcane ; coastal salt-affected soil ; one-crop-per-annum cropping ; fallow mulching ; salt accumulation ; crop growing ; nitrogen rate ; nitrogen ratio ; regenerative ability ; reduced tillage ; no tillage ; side deep fertilizing of machine-transplanted rice ; root function ; photosynthesis ; ammonia-oxidizing bacteria ; integrated fertilization regime ; N2O emission factor ; N2O flux ; purple caitai fields ; C:N ratio ; net ecosystem exchange ; soil microbial carbon ; soil microbial nitrogen ; rice production ; CH4 ; N2O ; water productivity ; global warming ; interspecific competition ; land equivalent ratio ; planting pattern ; root length density ; root morphological characteristics ; biochar ; maize–cabbage system ; crop quality ; N utilization efficiency ; soil inorganic N ; straw returning ; soil microbes ; carbon source utilization ; grey relational analysis ; path analysis ; ratoon rice ; nitrogen balance ; reactive nitrogen losses ; nitrogen surplus ; nitrogen-use efficiency ; no-till ; straw return ; soil organic carbon fractions ; soil aggregate ; bacterial diversity ; rice–crayfish coculture ; different rice varieties ; controlled-release fertilizer ; dry matter accumulation ; rice growth characteristics parameters ; apple-ryegrass intercropping ; photosynthetic characteristics ; soil salinity ; soil moisture content ; fruit quality ; lake sediment ; phosphorus ; Chinese cabbage ; phoD gene ; high-throughput sequencing ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 160
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This reprint collects ten papers (plus an introductory chapter) showing how actuarial mathematics principles and tools can provide substantial support when implementing QRM phases, in particular when facing new risks or risks with changing features. The following specific topics are specifically discussed: the design of post-retirement benefits, the design of life and health insurance policies against new risks, advancements in mortality modeling, advancements in risk measures and risk models, reserving disclosure tools, and innovative approximation formulae for the mean duration.
    Keywords: equalization reserves ; GAM ; GLM ; reinsurance ; non-life ; Switzerland ; tax ; life annuities ; standard annuities ; underwritten annuities ; enhanced annuities ; impaired annuities ; preferred risks ; substandard lives ; unit-linked tontine ; product design ; risk neutral pricing ; utility optimization ; utility performance ; life insurance ; personal finance ; human capital ; Lee–Carter ; counting distributions ; mortality projections ; natural exponential family ; copula ; Archimedean generator ; dependence ; coupled lives ; equity release ; reverse annuity contract ; critical health insurance ; cash flow ; financial protection of elderly ; distortion risk measures ; expected utility ; Wasserstein distance ; robustness and sensitivity analysis ; model uncertainty ; VaR ; TCE ; extended TCE ; insurance regulation ; risk measurement ; Macaulay duration ; Macaulay convexity ; net present value of cash flows ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PB Mathematics::PBT Probability & statistics
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  • 161
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    Emerald Publishing | Emerald Publishing Limited
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The ebook edition of this title is Open Access and freely available to read online. Over past decades, scholars and practitioners around the world observed an emergence of professionals, research managers and administrators (RMAs) who play an essential role in the advancement of academic research. RMAs have extensive knowledge of the research ecosystem, including funding opportunities, proposals, budgeting and pricing, ethics, open research, project management, finance, negotiation, strategy, systems, and assessment. Until now, limited efforts have been made to investigate RMAs in a cross-regional, comparative manner, or to understand the recent surge of the profession in a larger policy context. Addressing this gap, an international group of experts share diverse perspectives to provide a comprehensive account of RMA as a profession, offer an analytical framework to understand their role in higher education and academic science. Covering countries in Africa, Australasia, East Asia and India, Western Europe, Central and Eastern Europe, the Middle East, North America, and South America, the work provides trans-cultural coverage of the profession. Drawing on theories from related fields, it also provides insights and understanding of RMAs as a social phenomenon. The Emerald Handbook of Research Management and Administration Around the World is the most comprehensive book about practitioners working in research management and administration. The book provides basic knowledge for students and professionals considering a career in this field, and serves as reference material for policymakers as well as academic researchers. By presenting evidence-based observations from around the world and discussing global trends, this text promotes social awareness of RMAs, shares state-of-the-art knowledge on the profession, and offers insights into the future of academic research.
    Keywords: Global Trends in Higher Education ; Emerging Profession ; Advancement of Academic Science ; Science and Technology Policy ; Professional Associations ; Research Support ; RAAAP ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNM Higher & further education, tertiary education::JNMH Colleges of higher education ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNF Educational strategies & policy ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education::JNM Higher education, tertiary education ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education::JNF Educational strategies and policy ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 162
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Organic carbon (OC), nutrients and trace metals are key aquatic components of freshwater systems, including groundwater, soil water, lakes, rivers, and their estuaries. Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest regarding the rising in organic carbon and iron concentrations in freshwaters in relation to the so-called “browning” effect, caused by climate warming and changes in anthropogenic pressure. As for phosphorus, it is a vital element for all aquatic ecosystems and its aquatic biogeochemical cycle now undergoes sizable changes linked to eutrophication, invasive species development, and transformations between organic and inorganic forms. This book combines the articles dedicated to various aspects of the behavior of organic carbon, phosphorus, iron (and other related metals) in a broad range of freshwater environments, from soil solutions and groundwaters to ponds, lakes, rivers, and their riparian zones and estuaries.
    Keywords: river flux ; weathering ; organic matter ; permafrost ; trace element ; river ; lake ; trace metals ; carbon ; season ; thermokarst ; Western Siberia ; wetland ; dissolved iron ; Amur river ; hydrochemistry ; forest ; landscape ; lithology ; carbonate rocks ; major element ; river water ; major ions ; background concentration ; water discharge ; northern West Siberia ; bog ; iron ; colloids ; freshwater mussels ; trace elements ; biominerals ; bioindicators ; Northeastern Europe ; boreal ; subarctic ; geochemistry of phosphorus ; continental runoff ; river mouth ; snow ; heavy metal ; gas flaring ; pollution ; BLM ; TOC ; DOC ; Fe ; historical data ; metals ; nutrients ; watershed ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 163
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: Metabolic syndrome is defined by a cluster of interrelated cardiovascular risk factors (hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and central adiposity), linked to a chronic, systemic, and low-grade inflammation, which severely increases the risk of type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A growing body of evidence generated in the last decades has shown that not only the energy balance but also the macro-, micro-, and non-nutrient composition of the diet may influence the onset and progression of metabolic syndrome. However, further research is required to increase our understanding about the contribution of diet to metabolic syndrome prevention.
    Keywords: animal experimentation ; diet ; nutrition ; ingredients ; lard ; fibers ; fructose ; diet coloring ; autoclaving ; irradiation ; Passiflora setacea ; bioactive compounds ; phenolic compounds ; cardiovascular diseases ; nutrigenomics ; gene expression ; immune system ; cytokines ; insulin ; HDL ; diabetes mellitus ; dietary pattern ; metabotype ; metabolic phenotype ; Mediterranean Diet Score ; Alternate Healthy Eating Index ; atherosclerosis ; plaque burden ; lycopene ; tomato ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; cis- and trans-isomers ; nutrients ; hypertension ; blood pressure ; management ; prevention ; mitochondria ; metabolic syndrome ; mitochondrial dysfunction ; balanced diet ; lifestyle ; Mediterranean diet ; plant-based diet ; DASH diet ; low-carbohydrate diet ; high-protein diet ; low-fat diet ; omega-3 fatty acids ; metabolism ; inflammation ; atherothrombosis ; clinical trials ; legacy effect ; metabolic memory ; cardiovascular disease ; diabetes ; dyslipidaemia ; abdominal obesity ; animal protein ; protein intake ; Alpha-linolenic acid ; docosahexaenoic acid ; rumenic acid ; punicic acid ; enriched eggs ; waist circumference ; obesity ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 164
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint is a compilation of more than 20 scientific publications, both original research papers and review papers, assembled for the Special Issue of Molecules journal, Aquaphotomics; this Special Issue explores water molecular systems in nature, and is the first of its kind organized on this topic. Now available in a reprint, this publication presents cutting-edge research work performed in the area of a young, but rapidly evolving scientific discipline, Aquaphotomics. The reprint includes topics that range from basic water science, material hydration, the water–material interaction and biocompatibility, novel scientific theories about the role of water in cell biology, the possibilities of using Aquaphotomics for monitoring food quality, estimating shelf-life, diagnosing stress in plants, determining diseases in animals and the outcomes of therapies in medicine. The reprint also provides the reader with an opportunity to improve their knowledge in the areas of spectral preprocessing, multivariate analysis and chemometrics, with focus on Aquaphotomics approach. For any reader already working in the field of Aquaphotomics, this will be a highly advantageous publication, in order to ascertain the latest research trends and discoveries; for novices, it offers a window into an exciting new world that is brimming with possibilities.
    Keywords: coffee ; NIRS ; aquagrams ; chemometrics ; authentication ; PCA ; PCA-LDA ; PLSR ; temperature-dependent near-infrared spectroscopy ; water structure ; structural analysis ; quantitative analysis ; aquaphotomics ; water ; spectra ; band assignment ; functionality ; polarization ; kiwifruit ; near infrared spectroscopy ; soluble solids content ; Brix ; kiwifruit juice ; extended multiplicative scatter correction (EMSC) ; external parameter orthogonalisation (EPO) ; absorbance ; biofluid ; cattle ; discrimination ; transmittance ; virus ; snow ; Raman spectroscopy ; OH-stretching band ; liquid water content ; cold stress ; stress tolerance ; soybean ; water molecular species ; honey ; heat treatment ; aquagram ; PLRS ; WAMACs ; HMF ; infrared absorption spectroscopy ; molecular vibration ; soft contact lenses ; multivariate curve resolution ; hydrogel ; soft material ; storage ; ready-to-eat rocket ; NIR ; E-nose ; electrolyte leakage ; Aquaphotomics ; adulteration ; stingless bee honey ; visible and near-infrared spectroscopy ; bulk water content ; near-field CMOS dielectric sensor ; fluorescence imaging ; corneoptosis ; SG1 cell ; double-filtration plasmapheresis ; INUSpheresis ; near-infrared spectroscopy ; near-infrared spectroscopic pattern recognition ; multi-optical-path ; two-category priority’s compensation models ; three-model voting fusion ; moving-window-k-nearest neighbor ; Norris derivative filter ; semi-clathrate hydrate ; intermolecular interaction ; interionic interaction ; low-frequency Raman ; equilibrium temperature ; lipid hydration ; water interphases ; crowded systems ; restricted environments ; H bonding propagation ; polymer ; polymer-water interaction ; hydrophilic ; hydrophobic ; data analysis ; water probe ; mutual–individual factor analysis ; calibration transfer ; light ; sound ; frequency ; perturbation ; molecular dynamics ; preprocessing ; cement concrete ; mortar ; water molecular structure ; drying shrinkage ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 165
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The global coronavirus pandemic has highlighted the paramount importance of immune health and the nutrient status of peoples worldwide. Vitamins C and D have important roles in both the innate and adaptive immune systems and are known to support healthy immune function. Both vitamins C and D have gene regulatory roles with the ability to up- and down-regulate thousands of genes, thus playing pleotropic roles in human health and disease. People from low- and middle-income countries tend to have inadequate micronutrient intakes and status, as do specific subgroups from high-income countries. This can affect their resistance to both communicable and non-communicable diseases and the severity of these diseases. In this Special Issue, we have compiled review articles and research papers (both observational and interventional studies) that explore the role of vitamins C and D in numerous aspects of global and population health.
    Keywords: immune system ; viral infection ; influenza ; COVID-19 ; micronutrients ; vitamins ; omega-3 fatty acids ; minerals ; vitamin C ; vitamin D ; vitamin C status ; vitamin C deficiency ; global health ; dietary intake ; obesity ; smoking ; communicable disease ; infection ; noncommunicable disease ; hypovitaminosis C ; low and middle income ; LMIC ; supplement ; non-communicable disease ; Vitamin C status ; energy ; well-being ; kiwifruit ; mood ; SARS-CoV-2 ; coronavirus ; ascorbate ; colds ; pneumonia ; sepsis ; immunonutrition ; supplementation ; dietary surveys ; trends ; descriptive studies ; United States ; fruit juice ; fruit ; vegetables ; psychology ; mental health ; nutrition ; healthy adults ; ethnicity ; Māori ; Pasifika ; Pacific ; Asian ; ascorbic acid ; post-viral fatigue ; lack of concentration ; sleep disturbances ; depression ; frailty ; elderly ; hospitalisation ; serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ; first-generation immigrants ; melanin ; long COVID ; immunisation ; immune support ; body weight ; vitamin C intake ; plasma ascorbate concentrations ; vitamin C requirements ; dietary vitamin C ; hyperglycaemia ; South Africa ; vitamin D receptor ; vitamin D-binding protein ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 166
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: A multidisciplinary approach that involves multiple sectors and stakeholders is essential for disaster risk reduction and adaptation to climate change. This Special Issue explores how interdisciplinary approaches could resolve a wide range of issues, including risk and damage assessment, behavior change, investment, and evidence-based policy formulation.
    Keywords: natural hazard-triggered technological (Natech) ; risk perception ; protective actions ; evacuation ; household survey ; Cilegon ; Indonesia ; agricultural drought vulnerability ; spatial heterogeneity ; entropy weight method ; contribution model ; China ; risk assessment ; high-temperature disaster ; kiwifruit ; climatic suitability zoning ; hazard ; vulnerability ; exposure ; disaster prevention and mitigation capacity ; extreme temperature indices ; abrupt ; prediction ; disaster risk ; Yangtze River Basin ; climate change ; adaptation ; method ; digital disaster reduction ; natural disasters ; agricultural production ; food aid ; official development assistance ; conflict ; poverty ; cereal production ; humanitarian aid ; financing mechanism ; flood protection ; investment cycle ; investment in DRR ; Japan ; long-term plan ; lost decades ; Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction ; multi-variate Probit model ; Poisson regression model ; agricultural productive services ; earthquake disaster ; earthquake fatalities ; rapid estimation ; earthquake relief ; disaster assessment ; earthquake emergency response ; numerical simulation ; empirical method ; Yangbi earthquake ; COVID-19 ; disaster science ; evidence-based policymaking ; ordinal logistic regression ; principal component analysis ; compound indicator ; single-person households ; indirect death ; long-term effects ; excess mortality ; surveillance system ; disaster risk reduction ; disaster risk perception ; the population at risk ; agent-based modeling ; coastal areas ; community-based adaptation ; nature-based solutions ; green infrastructure ; perception ; family ; community ; Jakarta ; disaster preparedness capability ; heavy rainstorm ; local government ; AHP ; evaluation index system ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHK Electricity, electromagnetism & magnetism
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  • 167
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: The Special Issue "Mapping, Monitoring and Assessing Disasters" includes recent advances and results from research in the field of disaster detection and monitoring, and disaster impact assessment and mapping. It includes 10 research articles on multiparametric and interdisciplinary research on disaster phenomena related to geophysical and hydrometeorological hazards (e.g., earthquakes, landslides, tsunami, medicanes, megafires) that have occurred in various regions of Greece, New Zealand and Chile. These approaches constitute a useful and effective tool for mapping, monitoring and assessing disasters in areas with similar geodynamic settings and geoenvironmental properties worldwide.
    Keywords: coastal areas ; landslides ; lidar ; UAS ; remote sensing ; coastal development ; TLS ; Ionian ; Ionian Islands ; Cephalonia–Lefkada Transform Fault Zone ; seismicity ; ground deformation ; GNSS ; seismic hazard ; seismic swarm ; seismology ; geodesy ; double-difference relocation ; Coulomb stress transfer ; Thiva ; Greece ; Arkalochori ; Messara Basin ; Heraklion Basin ; Kastelli fault zone ; supra detachment basin ; fault segmentation ; DInSAR ; earthquake-induced landslides ; landslide inventory ; event inventories ; rockfalls ; contemporary sources ; landslide susceptibility ; earthquake-induced landslide susceptibility ; Analytic Hierarchy Process ; Ionian Sea ; Cephalonia ; tsunami inundation ; historical records ; hazard risk exposure ; Pacific ; BG-Flood ; RiskScape ; photogrammetry ; viewing angle ; oblique ; nadir ; mapping ; geomorphology ; wildfires ; geospatial intelligence ; web app ; operational mapping ; burn severity ; soil erosion ; Attica ; RUSLE (revised universal soil loss equation) ; NBR (normalized burn ratio) ; remote sensing (rs) ; wildfire ; ignition risk ; model ; megafire ; climate change ; bagged decision tree ; wildland urban interface ; rapid mapping ; Sentinel-2 ; Ianos ; Medicane ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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  • 168
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The prostate is the largest accessory gland of the male reproductive tract. Together with seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands, the prostate is responsible for the production of an alkaline fluid that forms part of the seminal fluid. The prostates of men over 40 years of age are commonly affected by several pathologies, such as benign prostate hyperplasia and cancer. Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers among men population worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in the year 2018, prostate cancer affected approximately 1.28 million men and was responsible for the death of 358,989 of them. Prostate cancer development is associated with several risk factors, such as older age, black ethnicity, a family history of disease, an increased body mass index and obesity. In this way, the risk of prostate cancer development may be reduced through the consumption of a healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables, practice of physical exercise and maintenance of a healthy weight.Despite several approaches being available for prostate cancer treatment, the number of prostate cancer deaths is continuously increasing, which emphasizes the need to search for new methods for precocious diagnosis and more effective treatment. Animal models, including rodents, have greatly contributed to the study of biopathology and the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.This Special Issue presents original research works, case reports and reviews concerning the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of prostate cancer, highlighting new advances in this field.
    Keywords: neurotoxicity ; testosterone ; androgen-deprivation therapy ; cognitive function ; sleep ; depression ; prostate cancer ; long noncoding RNA ; NEAT1 ; laser capture microdissection ; diagnostic algorithm ; prostate health index ; biopsy ; Gleason score ; magnetic resonance ; positron emission tomography ; diagnosis ; imaging ; prostate-specific membrane antigen ; radical prostatectomy ; pelvic lymph node dissection ; lymph node invasion ; preoperative nomogram ; bone metastasis ; lymph node metastasis ; liver metastasis ; gene expression ; meta-analysis ; focal adhesion ; protein filament ; androgen receptor signaling ; biomarker ; circulating tumor cells ; Wnt ; β-catenin ; Wnt5A ; breast cancer ; DKK1 ; radiomic features ; classification ; risk stratification ; computed tomography ; prostate ; cancer ; urine ; PUR ; PUR-4 ; Gleason pattern 4 ; STEAP1 ; DNA methylation ; histone deacetylation ; bioinformatics ; Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC) ; prostate cancer (PCa) ; liquid biopsy ; cancer recurrence ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 169
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The "Advance in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers" Special Issue establishes a connection between original research papers and reviews that showcase recent progress in the formulation, creation, and wide-ranging utilization of molecularly imprinted polymers. The content within this Special Issue encompasses a range of subjects pertaining to the chemistry of MIPs, encompassing aspects such as molecular modeling, the utilization of novel monomers and innovative synthesis methods for crafting MIPs, the synthesis and application of ion-imprinted materials, the selective extraction of organic compounds, the preparation of sensors, and the implementation of MIPs in the field of medicine. The compilation of scientific papers presented in this collection demonstrates the diverse landscape of research within MIPs chemistry, ultimately leading to the enhancement of desired traits and the exploration of fresh potential applications for these materials.
    Keywords: computational simulation ; molecularly imprinted polymers ; intermolecular interaction ; ciprofloxacin ; imprinted polymer ; dual functional monomer ; solid phase extraction ; upconversion nanoparticles ; amphiphilic random copolymer ; fluorescence probes ; rare earth metals ; sorption ; separation ; remote interaction of macromolecules ; molecular imprinting ; Molecular Imprinted Polymers (MIP) ; Molecular Imprinting Technology (MIT) ; hydrogels ; transdermal drug delivery ; microspheres ; drug delivery ; 5-fluorouracil ; solid phase synthesis ; epidermal growth factor receptor ; N-acylation ; phenethylamines ; semi-covalent imprinting ; tyramine ; computational modelling ; solid-phase extraction ; quinic acid ; Coffea arabica ; ligand-free nanogels ; bee venom phospholipase A2 ; synthetic antivenom ; bee envenomation ; light and heavy rare-earth metals ; selective sorption ; separation of rare-earth metals ; molecular imprinting technique ; functional macromolecular structures ; copper(II) ion template ; 4-vinylbenzoic acid ; adsorption capacity ; ion-imprinted polymer ; heavy metals ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 170
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This Special Issue entitled “β-glucan in foods and health benefits” reports on the health benefits of indigestible carbohydrates with respect to metabolic diseases and immune functions. The effects of β-glucan have been investigated through the use isolated preparations or natural dietary fibers from whole grain cereals and brans, yeasts, or Euglena. This Special Issue includes original research articles that are based on human intervention studies that address the effects of β-glucan on metabolic diseases and immune function-related markers as well as in vitro and in vivo studies. It also reviews the health benefits of β-glucans in humans.
    Keywords: humans ; oat β-glucan ; acute glycemic response ; dietary fiber ; preload ; carbohydrates ; β-1 ; 3-glucan ; Euglena gracilis ; Ca2+ signaling ; intestinal epithelial cell ; intravital imaging ; small intestine ; immune system ; barley ; β-glucan ; microarray ; short chain fatty acids ; lipid metabolism. ; low molecular weight ; fermentation ; prebiotics ; Autreobasidium pullulans ; 3-1 ; 6-glucan ; physiological function ; oat beta-glucan ; colitis ; Crohn’s disease ; apoptosis ; autophagy ; TLRs ; Dectin-1 ; rats ; L cell ; glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) ; glucose tolerance ; short-chain fatty acids ; sIgA ; microbiota ; randomized clinical trial ; symptoms ; gastrointestinal tract ; musculo-skeletal system ; oats ; oatmeal ; beta-glucan ; beta glucan ; health claim ; regulation ; food-health relationship ; gastritis ; inflammatory process ; antioxidant properties ; paramylon ; abdominal fat ; DNA microarray ; gene ontology ; PPAR signaling ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 171
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The field of radiopharmaceuticals is constantly evolving thanks to the great contributions of specialists coming from different disciplines such as inorganic chemistry, radiochemistry, organic and biochemistry, pharmacology, nuclear medicine, physics, etc. In particular, the use of radiometals has experienced a great increase as a result of the development of radionuclides production technologies. In this particular area, inorganic chemistry skills are mainly involved in developing target-specific radiopharmaceuticals based on radiometals for non-invasive disease detection and cancer radiotherapy.The Special Issue “Metal-Based Radiopharmaceuticals in Inorganic Chemistry” includes eleven research articles and one review. The production and applications of conventional and newly emerging research radiometals for diagnosis, therapy, and theranostics are the main focus of this Special Issue.
    Keywords: fusarinine C ; click chemistry ; fluorescence ; optical imaging ; PET ; gallium-68 ; Zirconium-89 ; automation ; radiolabelling ; radioimmunotherapy ; bismuth-213 ; invasive fungal infections ; 1-3-beta-glucan ; dogs ; cholecystokinin-2 receptor ; indium-111 labelling ; nastorazepide ; radiopharmaceuticals ; high-resolution mass spectrometry ; rhenium complexes ; chemical derivatization ; coordination chemistry ; DFT ; microfluidics ; liquid–liquid extraction ; technetium-99m ; in-flow chemistry ; dissolution system ; radiopharmaceutical ; solid targets ; radiometals production ; cyclotron production ; radiochemistry ; manganese-52 ; zirconium-89 ; targeted radionuclide therapy ; auger emission ; radionuclide production ; lanthanide separation ; erbium-165 ; 165Er ; calixarenes ; barium ; chelation ; Cu-67 ; copper radionuclides production ; theranostics ; photonuclear method ; cobalt isotopes ; cobalt-55 ; extraction chromatography ; nuclear medicine ; scavenger receptor B type I ; reconstituted high-density lipoproteins ; actinium-225 ; 225Ac-rHDL ; targeted alpha-particle therapy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNK Inorganic chemistry
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  • 172
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: In the context of the food industry, "Innovative Food Products and Processing" refers to the creation and application of cutting-edge techniques, technologies, and approaches. This vibrant industry covers a broad range of topics, with the aim of enhancing food quality, safety, sustainability, and the consumer experience. This Special Issue, entitled “Innovative Food Products and Processing” provides readers with a wide range of topics and applications in food science and technology, such as the use of food chemistry, biochemistry, fermentation, and microbiology, as well as new contemporary processing and preservation technologies and techniques for effective waste management and green technology for the food processing industry. “Innovative Food Products and Processing” is an excellent resource for food science researchers, food scientists, biochemists, nutritionists, and students. This publication's wide range of topics provides a complete overview of the most recent breakthroughs, cutting-edge technologies, and emerging trends in the food industry.
    Keywords: bambangan ; extraction solvents ; fatty acid ; triacylglycerol ; crystalline microstructure ; Bario ; rice flour ; gluten-free ; bread ; amylose content ; encapsulation ; non-dairy ; probiotics ; stability ; storage ; Auricularia cornea ; wood ear mushroom ; instant noodles ; glycaemic response ; by-product ; needlefish (Tylosurus acus melanotus) ; acid-soluble collagen extraction ; physicochemical ; characterization ; chlorophylls ; green colour ; antioxidant activity ; amaranth ; metal ions ; optimization ; response surface methodology ; lactobacillus ; bifidobacterium ; Eucheuma denticulatum ; seaweed oligosaccharide ; HMF ; chokeberry ; wort ; mint essential oil ; malt ; polyphenols ; anthocyanins ; antioxidant capacity ; green banana flour ; soy protein isolate ; emulsifier ; cake ; resistant starch ; dietary fiber ; esters ; brandy ; HS-SPME/GC-MS ; cold stabilization ; multivariate statistics ; egg white ; pulses ; foaming agent ; aerated foods ; canned liquid ; seaweed ; reduced salt ; meat emulsion ; physicochemical properties ; sensory ; meat products ; patty ; microencapsulation ; nanoemulsion ; trans-cinnamaldehyde ; spray-drying ; freeze-drying ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Rural development is an essential constituent of the global economy. However, within agriculture, a decrease in the quantity and quality of crop harvest and livestock productivity is observed due to a deterioration in soil fertility, environment, and irrational use of natural resources. At the same time, agricultural areas are under pressure from population growth, requiring more food production. As a result, it encourages people to move into intact primary areas in order to increase the area of crops, pastures, etc., which leads to the destruction of natural diversity. The solution to avoid disaster is increasing agricultural production efficiency to expand crop harvest and livestock productivity without deteriorating quality. It requires introducing innovative engineering technologies to agriculture. Fortunately, technology is developing rapidly nowadays, and new driving scientific forces are emerging. The Special Issue collected high-quality research and review articles from academics and industry-related researchers in the areas of Agricultural Engineering covering the following topics: harvesting and planting crops, livestock production, livestock and agrofood waste utilization, seed treatment and transportation, water treatment, agricultural robotic applications, solutions for digital and precision agriculture, hardware and software support for pest and weed control, machine learning, energy efficiency and conservation in agriculture.
    Keywords: microclimate ; ceiling fans ; electric thermal storage unit ; energy–saving ; heat supply system ; discrete element method ; soybean seed ; ellipsoidal shape ; parameter calibration ; rolling friction coefficient ; pulsed LED light ; continuous LED ; scanning LED light ; energy saving ; lettuce ; vertical farms ; growth ; cultivation ; pneumatic seeder ; pressure loss characteristics ; complex airway ; airway optimization ; harvesting ; force action ; potato ; working body ; harvesting machines ; device for assessing the suitability for harvesting ; transition metal ; charge compensator ; red emission ; artificial lighting ; photosynthetic pigments ; count red jujubes ; red jujube ; improved YOLOv5s ; ShuffleNet V2 Unit ; Stem ; BiFPN ; impact sprinkler ; non-circular nozzle ; water distribution ; aspect ratio ; 2D video disdrometer ; droplet kinetic energy distribution ; wild blueberry ; Vaccinium angustifolium ; Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi ; deep learning ; coordinated attention ; synthetic data ; prediction accuracy ; multi-objective evolutionary algorithms ; double wishbone mechanisms ; multibody dynamics ; pareto solution set ; amaranth inflorescence wastes ; pyrolysis ; thermogravimetric analysis ; hydrocarbon rich bio-oil ; indoor climate ; air cooling ; water-evaporative systems ; sprayed panels ; heat recovery units ; technological process ; rod elevator ; lifting angle ; displacement ; experiment ; cleaning machine ; grain plants seeds ; Fusarium ; photoluminescence ; linear regression models ; green cold chain delivery ; fresh agricultural products ; customer value ; time-dependent road network ; biomass ; Amaranthus retroflexus ; bio-oil ; biochar ; WCH ; DCH ; feed length of the stalk ; conveying performance ; fuel consumption ; high-voltage electrical pulse ; processing ; plant tissue ; irreversible damage ; intracellular structure ; green energy supply ; agricultural electrification ; high-efficiency photovoltaic equipment ; complex energy supply systems ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This volume presents eleven original and experimental research studies and review works on current challenges and trends in magnetic materials, thin films, and nanostructures, with a special focus on the design, synthesis, and characterization of various types of magnetic materials, and the study of their structure–property relationships. The developments in new experimental concepts and their state-of-the-art results, which can lead to the transfer, chemical transformation, and high-resolution patterning of advanced thin films and nanomaterials and to the design and fabrication of devices, are also presented and discussed.
    Keywords: electric control of magnetic phase transition ; FeRh ; Li+ migration ; nanostructured silica ; single-molecule magnets ; nanocomposites ; magnetic relaxation ; magnetic shape memory polymers (MSMP) ; magnetic soft materials (MSMs) ; shape recovery ; bulk acoustic waves ; filter design ; thermal management ; MEMS ; phase change material ; nanofluid ; electronic packaging ; nanocomposite magnets ; L10 phase ; Mössbauer spectroscopy ; magnetic properties ; granular film ; nanoparticles ; grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering ; polarized neutron reflectometry ; CuAlO2 ; ion doping ; magnetization ; band gap ; phonon energy ; microscopic model ; barium hexaferrites ; self-polarized hexaferrites ; cold compaction ; controlled magnetic texturization ; magnetocrystalline anisotropy ; law of approach to saturation ; FePt ; PtMn ; transition state search ; magnetism ; density functional theory ; CdSe nanocrystalline films ; Er doping ; CdSe:Er ; CdSe photoluminescence ; softening-hardening of phonons ; shielding effectiveness (SE) ; nanomaterials ; absorber box ; electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) ; nanostructures ; thin films ; electromagnetic shielding ; magnetotransport ; single-molecule-magnets ; magnetic shape memory polymers ; magnetic soft materials ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Plasma technology has arisen as a novel approach in the processing and manufacturing of novel materials in recent years. Due to its benefits, such as its superior sterilizing performance, low cost, and environmental friendliness, atmospheric pressure plasma has drawn the attention of researchers. As a result, atmospheric pressure plasma manufacturing in different configurations (plan parallel and jet plasma) is becoming more popular. The necessity to characterize these types of plasmas has greatly expanded as a result of its wide range of applications. Due to these factors, “Recent Advances in Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Technology” Issue in the journal Applied Physics that brings together experts in all areas of experimental, computational, and theoretical research on atmospheric pressure plasmas. This Special Issue brings together cutting-edge new research on the fundamental characteristics of these plasmas as well as their applications in the fields of medicine, the food industry, agriculture, 3D printing, materials processing science, and even the automotive and aerospace industries. Despite the fact that we were only able to touch on a small percentage of the potential applications for plasma discharge, we nevertheless hope that readers will find this reprint to be interesting and that they will discover new angles for their own future research on plasma.
    Keywords: atmospheric pressure plasma ; low temperature plasma ; disinfection ; pathogen inactivation ; plasma medicine ; plasma agriculture ; atmospheric pressure plasma jet ; oxygen/argon admixture ; electrical and optical properties ; emission intensity ; dose of irradiance ; multiwalled carbon nanotubes ; poly(dimethylsiloxane) ; silica ; coating ; hexamethyldisilazane ; contact angle ; wettability ; hydrophobicity ; surface free energy ; areal roughness ; low pressure cold plasma ; plasma torch ; nano silica ; numerical simulation ; experimental measurement ; atmospheric low-temperature plasma ; reactive species ; plasma disinfection ; atmospheric plasma ; metal 3D printing ; temperature-controllable plasma gas ; DBD ; actuator ; pitot tube ; schlieren imaging ; UV–NIR OES ; wheat flour ; dough ; rheology ; non-thermal plasma ; dielectric barrier discharge ; wheat functionality ; hydration properties ; microstructure ; partial surface discharging ; discharging ratio ; image processing ; equivalent circuit ; Manley diagram ; NOx abatement ; DBD diagnostic ; atmospheric pressure ; discharge uniformity ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Polyphenols are a group of bioactive compounds in plant foods that have been gaining attention since the 1990s due to their health implications. However, it is still difficult to define their implications concerning health maintenance and chronic disease prevention or even treatment. There are many difficulties in their study, with the first being the fact that this group of compounds includes such a diverse array of chemical structures and effects as part of the food products in which they coexist with many other nutrients and non-nutrients. However, today, it is generally accepted that they exert a vasoprotective effect, that they may modulate blood pressure and exert a regulatory effect both on lipid and glucidic metabolism, and that they have an immunomodulatory and gut microbial effect. It is through all these means that polyphenols may be of use in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases as prevalent as obesity and cardiovascular disease or neurocognitive decline.
    Keywords: polyphenol ; human health ; dietary intervention ; prevention ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 177
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Sex and gender can affect the incidence, prevalence, symptoms, course and response to drug therapy in many illnesses, with sex (the biological side) and gender (the social‒cultural one) being variously interconnected. During the two days of the meeting "Gender Differences in Diabetic Disease" held in Olbia, Italy, on 4 and 5 December 2020, we discussed the various medical, social, ethnic, psychological and anthropological aspects of gender differences to build as broad a picture as possible of how these differences are present and evident in diabetic disease. Type 2 diabetes is the perfect example to justify gender medicine. During the meeting, we also tried to identify the still-unclear points that deserve further studies. This book describes several aspects of gender medicine that are related to diabetes. Physiopathology, drug treatment, sexual and psychological aspects, diabetes complication, migration, burden of working with a chronic disease and aspects related to COVID-19 infection are explored in a gender differentiation way. The authors are from different fields: medical doctors, biologist, psychologist, nurse, pharmacist, anthropologist and so on.
    Keywords: Nutrition ; Technology ; Sexuality ; Psychology ; Psychiatry ; Ethnic ; Anthropology ; Drug therapy ; Microvascular complications ; Macrovascular complications ; Cardiovascular, Gender ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PB Mathematics::PBT Probability & statistics
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  • 178
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This reprint is a continuation of our previous reprint “Sustainable agricultural, biological, and environmental engineering applications” [ISBN 978-3-0365-2921-9], which was published in January 2022. The reprint contains research and review works focused on agricultural engineering technologies and applications. In this regard, the reprint covers topics including agricultural storage, quality evaluation of fruits, evaporative cooling and desiccant systems, solar coffee roasting, solar yogurt processing, greenhouse environment, greenhouse ventilation, greenhouse thermal requirements, aquaculture production system, bioreactor landfill, waste management, fertilization reduction in agriculture, sustainable porous surfaces, simulation and modeling, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. Such agricultural engineering studies are urgently needed in the 21st century, particularly from the perspective of the agriculture–energy–food security nexus.
    Keywords: greenhouse ; microclimate ; Bayesian optimization ; deep neural network ; roses yield ; Gaussian process ; gradient boosting ; pool boiling heat transfer coefficient ; sintered coated porous surfaces ; gaussian process ; gradient boosting regression trees ; response surface ; renovation index ; CFD simulation ; airflow ; evaporative cooling ; desiccant dehumidification ; agricultural storage ; air conditioning ; system performance ; lemon cordial ; microwave ; preservation ; green processing ; antioxidant potential ; renewable energy ; Scheffler concentrator reflector ; batch-type solar roaster ; response surface methodology ; coffee roasting ; municipal solid waste ; sanitary landfill ; open dumps ; waste to energy ; climate change ; yogurt processing ; solar energy ; solar-based heating and cooling ; thermal analysis ; vegetable yield ; nitrogen use efficiency ; nutrient leaching ; leaching-to-input ratio ; nitrogen fertilizer economic benefit ; environment ; eutrophication ; particulate fraction ; effluent ; treatment ; thermal screens ; heating demand ; TRNSYS ; greenhouse internal temperature ; building energy simulation ; longwave radiation ; soil total nitrogen ; BP neural network ; support vector machines ; spatial distribution ; remote sensing ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: This Special Issue is dedicated to the synthesis, characterization, and application of functionalized or doped matrices (e.g., hydrogels, aerogels, or sol–gels) for environmental purposes such as the sensing or removal of different toxic analytes. The chemical functional groups or doping materials, such as noble metal nanostructures, quantum dots, and carbon nanotubes, play several roles, donating further features to the host matrix such as particular optical, mechanical, or electrical properties and interacting with the surrounding environment. In addition, the employment of hosting matrices increases handling and portability and opens new horizons for in situ environmental applications.
    Keywords: hydrogels ; heavy metals removal ; wastewater ; carbon dioxide capture ; poly(amidoamine)s ; hyperbranched polymers ; macroporous polymers ; suspension polymerization ; sol–gel technique ; anti-fouling properties ; fouling release activity ; marine bacteria ; non-biocide release ; amphiphilic coating ; thermoresponsive ; PFAS ; water remediation ; cationic hydrogel ; peptide ; hydrogel ; supramolecular gel ; dye adsorption ; pharmaceuticals adsorption ; diclofenac ; methylene blue ; sol–gel ; thin films ; alumina wafer ; IDE ; lab conditions ; 5 ppm CH4 ; low-cost/eco-friendly ; cross-sensitivity/humidity test ; chitosan ; copper ; diffusion ; Liesegang pattern ; solubility product ; immobilization ; silver nanoclusters ; fluorescent nanoclusters ; poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate ; PEGDA hydrogel ; hybrid material ; heavy metal ions filtering ; Pb(II) ions ; agarose ; dyes ; sorption ; hydrogel-based materials ; adsorbents ; removal of pollutants ; isotherm ; kinetic ; diclofenac sodium ; water sustainability ; adsorption ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This book aims to provide novel insights into the mechanisms of embryo implantation and placental development, as well as at present an overview of the current knowledge on the different signaling pathways regulating the early steps of implantation and placentation, and on the pathological alterations which may impair the establishment of a physiological pregnancy.
    Keywords: fetuin-A ; GDM ; cell growth ; centrosome ; primary cilium ; autophagy ; implantation ; endometrium ; blastocyst ; embryo ; chorionic gonadotropin ; progesterone ; Notch ; cytokines ; placenta ; amino acid transporter ; mammalian target of rapamycin ; gestational diabetes ; trophectoderm ; cell proliferation ; let-7 miRNAs ; gene regulation ; fractalkine ; trophoblast ; bilaminar co-culture ; miRNA ; trophoblast cells ; ARID3B complex ; decidualization ; adverse pregnancy outcome ; preconception ; preimplantation genetic screening ; in-vitro fertilization ; biopsy ; euploid embryo ; pregnancy ; mosaicism ; development ; flow culture ; KIT receptor ; KITD816V ; placental development ; premature differentiation ; trophoblast stem cell ; trophoblast giant cell ; spongiotrophoblast ; invasion ; embryonic growth retardation ; Jag1 ; Dll4 ; endothelial cells ; decidua ; angiogenesis ; capillaries ; spiral arteries ; Stabilin-1 ; Stabilin-2 ; double knockout ; hemorrhage ; RNA-seq ; ChIP-seq ; enhancers ; transcription factors ; PLAGL1 ; tube formation ; blood vessel development ; PlGF ; Flt-1/VEGFR1 ; immune modulation ; human placenta ; lopinavir ; mitochondria ; Mfn2 ; UPR ; IRE1α ; placental dysfunction ; assisted reproduction techniques ; infertility ; preeclampsia ; intrauterine growth restriction ; trophoblast invasion ; sFLT-1 ; EGFL7 ; placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells ; mouse model ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The present book contains five papers accepted and published in the Special Issue, “Fuzzy Natural Logic in IFSA-EUSFLAT 2021”, of the journal Mathematics (MDPI). These papers are extended versions of the contributions presented in the conference “The 19th World Congress of the International Fuzzy Systems Association and the 12th Conference of the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology jointly with the AGOP, IJCRS, and FQAS conferences”, which took place in Bratislava (Slovakia) from September 19 to September 24, 2021. Fuzzy Natural Logic (FNL) is a system of mathematical fuzzy logic theories that enables us to model natural language terms and rules while accounting for their inherent vagueness and allows us to reason and argue using the tools developed in them. FNL includes, among others, the theory of evaluative linguistic expressions (e.g., small, very large, etc.), the theory of fuzzy and intermediate quantifiers (e.g., most, few, many, etc.), and the theory of fuzzy/linguistic IF–THEN rules and logical inference. The papers in this Special Issue use the various aspects and concepts of FNL mentioned above and apply them to a wide range of problems both theoretically and practically oriented. This book will be of interest for researchers working in the areas of fuzzy logic, applied linguistics, generalized quantifiers, and their applications.
    Keywords: fuzzy Peterson’s syllogisms ; fuzzy intermediate quantifiers ; graded Peterson’s cube of opposition ; linguistic universals ; linguistic complexity ; evaluative expressions ; fuzzy grammar ; linguistic gradience ; linguistic constraints ; grammaticality ; sentiment analysis ; closeness ; closeness matrix ; closeness space ; function similarity ; fuzzy partition ; fuzzy transform ; preimage problem ; singular value decomposition ; evolving fuzzy neural network ; or-neuron ; auction fraud ; knowledge extraction ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Among terrestrial ecosystems, forests play a dominant role in maintaining biodiversity and providing ecosystem functioning, such as nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, and ecosystem stability. Over the past several decades, however, global forests are facing unprecedented pressure from climate change and anthropogenic disturbances, resulting in a high rate of biodiversity loss due to deforestation, fragmentation, and degradation. Determining how to maintain biodiversity is extremely urgent if we want to achieve the aims of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The complex structure, species interaction, heterogenic environment, and regional species pool all affect the spatial and temporal patterns of forest species, but it is still unclear how these effects maintain long-term forest biodiversity as forests undergo rapid variations in habitat features under global change. This reprint includes sixteen published articles related to the dynamics of forest spatial structure, community assembly, forest recovery patterns after disturbance, spatial distribution of species diversity, effects of abiotic and biotic variables on understory species diversity, and above- and below-ground biotic interactions. These studies cover different forest types across varied spatial and temporal scales, as well as different biological groups (plants, birds and microbes). We acknowledge all authors who contributed to this reprint "Maintenance of Forest Biodiversity" of Forests. We hope this reprint can improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of forest biodiversity maintenance.
    Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; intraspecific competition ; interspecific competition ; litter decomposition ; nutrient release ; biodiversity monitoring ; soundscape ecology ; spectrograms ; acoustic indices ; birds ; urban forests ; object-based image analysis ; novel approach ; altitude ; interspecific association ; Godron stability ; the southern Taihang Mountains ; soil nutrients ; plant diversity ; regression dominant species ; tropical monsoonal forest ; Hainan island ; soil pH ; soil available phosphorus ; root–soil–microbial interactions ; seedling bank ; seedling age ; microenvironment ; biomass allocation ; nonstructural carbohydrates ; community assembly ; beta diversity ; replacement ; richness ; spatial structure parameters ; dynamic changes ; the Sankey diagram ; mortality process ; recruitment process ; natural mixed forests ; net relatedness index ; functional trait ; niche theory ; habitat filtering ; competitive exclusion ; deciduous broad-leaved forests ; precipitation ; soil water content ; root system characteristics ; natural regeneration ; biogeography ; subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest ; functional richness ; environmental variables ; phylogenetic signal ; intra- and interspecific interactions ; stand structure ; understory vegetation ; species diversity ; canonical correlation analysis ; gap size ; soil microbe ; soil chemical property ; forest management ; PLFA analysis ; spatial distribution ; soil depth layer ; β-diversity ; soil chemical elements ; multi-site generalized dissimilarity modeling ; stand structural characteristic ; aboveground biomass ; temperature ; influence ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This volume presents recent research achievements concerning the molecular genetic basis of agronomic traits in rice. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food crop in the world, being a staple food for more than half of the world’s population. Recent improvements in living standards have increased the worldwide demand for high-yielding and high-quality rice cultivars. To develop novel cultivars with superior agronomic performance, we need to understand the molecular basis of agronomically important traits related to grain yield, grain quality, disease resistance, and abiotic stress tolerance. Decoding the whole rice genome sequence revealed that ,while there are more than 37,000 genes in the ~400 Mbp rice genome, there are only about 3000 genes whose molecular functions are characterized in detail. We collected in this volume the continued research efforts of scholars that elucidate genetic networks and the molecular mechanisms controlling agronomically important traits in rice.
    Keywords: grain number per panicle ; grain yield ; phase transition ; rachis branch ; rice panicle ; spikelet specialisation ; rice ; flowering time ; ambient temperature fluctuation ; chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) ; quantitative trait locus (QTL) ; drought tolerance ; cold tolerance ; Oryza sativa ; OsCRP1 ; chloroplast ribonucleoproteins ; NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH) complex ; nitrogen use efficiency ; transcriptional regulation ; nitrate reductase ; nitrate transporter ; glutamate synthase ; potassium chlorate ; QTL ; food shortage ; yield ; grain size ; OsBRKq1 ; genome editing ; homozygous ; proteomics ; C4 rice ; proto-Kranz ; photosynthetic efficiency ; crop improvement ; spike-stalk injection ; transcription factor ; OsWRKY55 ; drought response ; plant growth ; OsAP2-39 ; inflorescence architecture ; BLH homedomain protein ; branching pattern ; verticillate primary branch ; transcriptome analysis ; hormone pathways ; japonica DT3 ; submergence tolerance ; marker-assisted backcross ; foreground selection ; background selection ; three-dimensional imaging ; shoot apical meristem ; root tip ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 184
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Optimum nutrition in pregnancy is important for the health and wellbeing of the mother and the developing child. Nutrition at this time influences the physiological development and metabolism of the foetus and has the potential to determine the future health and disease risk of the offspring. The nutritional status during pregnancy also influences the mother’s breast milk, her nutritional status for future pregnancies, and impacts on the burden of chronic disease worldwide. Determining optimal nutrition for different stages of pregnancy and measuring nutrient intake is challenging. Across the world and within communities, different dietary patterns have been identified and linked to health outcomes. Dietary patterns, rather than individual food constituents and nutrients, may have a greater influence on health. This Special Issue brought together global research on dietary patterns and nutrient intakes during pregnancy to further our understanding of the influence of diet on maternal and foetal/infant outcomes.
    Keywords: dietary patterns ; nutrition ; nutrient intake ; pregnancy ; dietary intake ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 185
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Amid challenging environmental conditions throughout their life cycle, plants display an extraordinary ability to sense, process, and respond to a diverse array of stimuli with adaptability. The complexity of their stress responses unfolds across various levels—physiological, biochemical, transcriptomic, and cellular—demanding a profound comprehension of the intricate mechanisms at work. These stresses intertwine, triggering cellular damage and initiating a cascade of responses within plants. Critical growth phases under severe stress encounter mechanical damage and alterations in cellular macromolecule synthesis. While plants possess inherent defense mechanisms against oxidative damage, excessive oxygen production overwhelms their detoxification capacity, leading to detrimental reactions like loss of osmotic responsiveness, wilting, and necrosis. This reprint undertakes a comprehensive analysis, exploring multiple perspectives such as gas exchange, metabolomics, proteomics, isotopic, and genomic approaches, to unveil the drivers and specific strategies that empower plants to adapt to stressful growth conditions. By examining trait selection, phenotypic plasticity, and other factors, this reprint uncovers the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying plant resilience amidst adversity. A valuable resource for scientists, academics, and professionals, this reprint unveils the mysteries of plant resilience and productivity, fostering innovative strategies for sustainable agriculture in our ever-changing world.
    Keywords: allelopathic potential ; chemical composition ; phenolics ; Acacia melanoxylon ; Lactuca sativa ; HPLC seedling growth Flavonoides ; Cadmium ; heavy metal ; food security ; oxidative damage ; antioxidants ; intercropping ; lodging tolerance ; agronomical management ; lignin metabolism ; resistance genes ; salinity ; Chenopodium quinoa ; biomass ; functional plant traits ; biochemical traits ; genotypes ; yield ; salt stress ; heat stress ; photosynthesis ; antioxidant enzymes ; HSPs ; QTLs ; omics ; rice ; nitrogen ; water stress ; drought ; antioxidant ; reactive oxygen species ; reactive nitrogen species ; canopy temperature ; water soluble carbohydrates ; stay green ; seed yield ; Camellia oleifera ; Arachis hypogaea ; soil nutritional status ; soil quality ; cropping pattern ; silvicultural methods ; sustainable production ; stable isotope ; isotopic composition ; C and N cycling ; vegetation type ; soil health ; nitric oxide ; salinity stress ; antioxidant system ; osmolytes ; photosystem II ; Na+/H+ antiporters ; Triticum aestivum L. ; weed suppression ; allelochemicals ; sorgoleone ; benzoquinone ; cropping systems ; Lathyrus odoratus ; seed priming ; seawater ; proline ; SiNPs ; wheat ; antioxidant capacity ; grain quality ; alveographic parameters ; alpha-lipoic acid ; cysteine ; biochar ; alkaline soils ; abiotic stress ; Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ; fatty acids ; Zea mays L. ; lowland rice ; terminal water stress ; grain yield ; stress indices ; stress tolerance ; bioactive ; desert ; irrigated ; flavonoid ; phenol ; phytochemistry ; n/a ; Hordeum vulgare ; stable isotope composition of carbon and nitrogen ; saline water stress ; isotope ecology ; yield stability ; ion homeostasis ; spinach ; paracetamol ; degradation ; growth parameters ; chlorophyll florescence ; photosynthetic pigments ; elements ; microbes ; bioethanol ; salt tolerance ; water deficit conditions ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; photosynthetic efficiency ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The demand for global fossil energy continues to be strong, meaning that the exploitation of oil and gas resources is still very important. In addition, due to the continuous reduction in conventional oil and gas recoverable resources, the development of unconventional oil and gas resources and geothermal energy has gradually become an important replacement. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the existing mechanism analysis, research methods and engineering technology to improve the production and development efficiency of oil, gas, and geothermal resources. This reprint presents 11 recent works on the application of new theories and technologies in oil, gas, and geothermal reservoirs. The content covers well-drilling, cementing, hydraulic fracturing, improved oil recovery, conformance control, and geothermal energy development. The new progress presented in this reprint will help scientists and researchers to better understand and master the latest theories and techniques for oil, gas, and geothermal reservoirs, which has important practical significance for the economical and effective development of oil, gas, and geothermal resources.
    Keywords: drilling ; unconventional oil and gas ; cuttings cleaning ; pulsed jet ; spontaneous imbibition ; hydraulic fracturing ; microfluidics ; tight rock ; adsorption dynamic ; Longmaxi shale ; Bangham model ; Freundlich model ; adsorption isotherm ; isostatic enthalpy ; fly ash ; steam channeling ; injection performance ; plugging depth ; heavy oil ; shale gas ; inorganic nanopore ; apparent permeability ; irreducible water ; percolation mechanism ; Knudsen number correction ; proppant dune ; proppant placement ; complicated fracture ; multiphase flow ; glutenite ; DEM ; stress heterogeneity ; fracture propagation ; supercritical multi-thermal fluid ; thermal recovery ; NMR ; oil well cement ; hydration ; retarder ; physical simulation ; sandstone reservoir ; rotary jet ; recharge efficiency ; unblocking ; permeability enhancement ; drilling and completion ; fracturing ; tight gas ; enhanced thermal recovery ; enhanced geothermal system ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This Special Issue addresses both new scientific insights and technological advances of gluten-free product development exploring alternative ingredients for the development of gluten-free products aiming to mimic the unique viscoelastic properties of gluten as a gas retention ingredient during fermentation, water binding and enabler of starch gelatinization on baking, and a bread flavor enhancer via gluten-related proteases.
    Keywords: gluten-free ; bread ; Amorphophallus konjac ; baking ; celiac disease ; food additives ; sourdough ; microbiota ; lactic acid bacteria ; gluten-free bread ; plant proteins ; animal proteins ; microalgae ; optimized bread structure ; protein substitutes ; wheat gluten ; microwave reactor ; allergenicity ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; Alcalase ; techno-functional properties ; antioxidant activity ; sorghum ; resistant starch ; dietary fibers ; hydrocolloids ; dough rheological properties ; texture ; volume ; sensory ; glycemic index ; staling ; pasta ; gluten-free products ; bakery products ; cereals ; enzymes ; teff ; starter cultures ; pseudocereals ; wholemeal formulations ; low fructan ; sensory analysis ; ready-to-eat ; oilseeds ; spices ; chicory root ; bioactive compounds ; antioxidative activity ; gluten free snack ; extrusion ; low carb ; high protein ; high fiber ; cake ; biscuits ; flour mixes ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 188
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The primary objective of this book is to provide the current status of and new data on the molecular mechanisms affecting the efficacy of somatic cell cloning, but also insightful interpretations of the topical and coming trends in the exploration of genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic and proteomic profiles for nuclear donor cells, nuclear recipient oocytes and SCNT-derived embryos. Comprehensively deciphering the crucial molecular scenarios responsible for inter-genomic, inter-epigenomic, inter-transcriptomic and inter-proteomic communication within the framework of the aforementioned scenarios might be a milestone giving rise to the enhancements in the extra- and intracorporeal epigenetic reprogrammabilities of donor cell nuclei in nuclear-transferred oocytes, embryos, conceptuses and neonates. In turn, this might allow us to use SCNT-mediated ARTs in such research fields as biotechnology, transgenics, medicine, and biopharmacology, as well as scientific efforts targeted at designing the in vitro and in vivo models of molecular and epigenomic landscapes specific for inheritable and acquired disorders in humans and other mammalian species.
    Keywords: cloned mammalian embryo ; SCNT-derived progeny ; mtDNA ; nuclear–mitochondrial interaction ; epigenetic reprogrammability ; telomere shortening/attrition ; domestic goat ; somatic cell cloning ; SCNT-derived embryo ; genetically engineered specimen ; gene targeting ; genome editing ; biopharmacy ; biomedicine ; nutri-biotechnology ; genetically modified pig ; epidermal keratinocyte ; human α-1,2-fucosyltransferase ; human α-galactosidase A ; Galα1→3Gal epitope ; pig ; ovary ; putative stem cells ; nandrolone ; boldenone ; neoplastic transformation ; cloned dog ; brachygnathia inferior ; whole-genome sequencing ; Wnt signaling pathway ; equine ; dermal fibroblast cell ; sarcoid ; nucleofection ; oncogenic/neoplastic transformation ; RNA-Seq ; NGS ; transcriptome ; oocyte ; cumulus cells ; 3D in vitro maturation ; endocrine-active compounds ; molecular quality ; apoptotic cell death ; mitochondria ; mitophagy ; domestic horse ; dermal tissue ; molecular pathway ; ECM remodeling ; cell adhesion ; procancerous tumorigenesis ; RNA-seq ; swine ; trichostatin A ; epigenetic transformation ; ex vivo model ; tri-genetically modified ; ACFC line ; HLA-E ; rhα-Gal A ; rhα1,2-FT ; α-Gal antigenic determinant ; porcine skin xenograft ; equine chondrocytes ; 5-AZA-dc and TSA epigenetic modifiers ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 189
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Bioanalysis of endogenous substances, metabolites, and contaminants poisons is important in analyses of biological functions, metabolomics, forensic toxicology, patient diagnosis and biomonitoring of human exposure to hazardous chemicals. In these analyses, methods of sample preparation are essential for the isolation and concentration of target analytes from complex biological matrices. These processes, however, are time-consuming, labor-intensive and error-prone, and markedly influence the reliability and accuracy of determining target analytes. Thus, efficient sample preparation techniques and their integration with analytical methods have become significant. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a simple and convenient sample preparation technique that has enabled automation, miniaturization, high-throughput performance, and online coupling with analytical instruments. Moreover, SPME has reduced analysis times, as well as solvent and disposal costs.This reprint consists of 14 original, peer-reviewed papers for the Special Issue in the MDPI journal Molecules. The topics covered include headspace fiber SPME (HS-SPME) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), HS-in-needle microextraction GC-MS, thin film SPME liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), magnetic solid phase extraction LC-MS/MS, in-tube SPME LC-MS/MS and in-tube SPME LC-UV. Samples analyzed include plant-derived volatile organic compounds; body odor; metabolites in urine, plasma and saliva sample; and biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure in hair and environmental estrogens.
    Keywords: tobacco-specific nitrosamines ; hair ; exposure biomarkers ; in-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) ; liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) ; bioanalysis ; carbon materials ; HPLC–MS ; biological matrices ; solid-phase extraction ; sample preparation ; bladder cancer (BC) ; metabolomics ; solid phase microextraction (SPME) ; liquid chromatography ; mass spectrometry ; urine ; Myrtaceae ; native fruit ; volatile compounds ; sesquiterpenes ; body odor ; 2-nonenal ; wiping method ; pasting method ; solid-phase microextraction (HS–SPME) ; gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) ; passive smoking ; nicotine ; cotinine ; risk assessment ; headspace solid-phase microextraction ; Cerrado ; aroma ; volatile organic compounds ; Herpetospermum pedunculosum ; HS-SPME-GC-MS ; dioecious plant ; bud ; volatile compound ; multivariate statistical analysis ; green peach aphids ; VOCs ; parasitoids ; Aphidus colemani ; Aphelinus abdominalis ; cabbage ; cerrado ; Anacardiaceae ; aroeira ; biological properties ; virtual screening ; chemoinformatics ; volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ; headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) ; SPME-GC-MS ; stored-product insect pests ; Tribolium castaneum ; Rhyzopertha dominica ; Sitophilus granarius ; titanium wire ; superhydrophobic ; superhydrophilic ; in-tube solid-phase microextraction ; high-performance liquid chromatography ; sulfated steroid metabolites ; saliva ; online automated analysis ; in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME) ; liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) ; stable isotope dilution ; human body odor ; GO:PANI/ZNRs/ZIF−8 ; response surface methodology ; needle-based adsorbent ; headspace-in needle microextraction ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Reflexion wird als notwendig für die professionelle Entwicklung von Lehrer:innen und die Verbesserung von Unterricht angesehen, wenngleich aus theoretischer Sicht große Uneinigkeit über den Begriff selbst, den Reflexionsprozess und die damit verbundenen Kompetenzen herrscht. Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Entwicklung, Untersuchung und Weiterentwicklung eines Reflexionsmodells mit einem theoriebasierten, klaren Konzept des Reflexionsprozesses und einem passenden Anspruch an die Reflexionsleistung der Reflektierenden. Grundlage für die empirische Untersuchung waren N = 132 Selbstreflexionstexte von N = 22 Studierenden aus dem Praxissemester Physik. Zur Codierung der Texte wurden vier mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse entwickelte Manuale angewandt. Mit quantitativen Methoden wurden Zusammenhänge zwischen strukturellen Elementen, Begründungen, Inhalten und dem Qualitätsmerkmal Reflexionstiefe überprüft. Es zeigte sich ein "Überhang an Negativität": negative Bewertungen, negative Reflexionsauslöser und negative Inhalte hängen signifikant positiv mit größerer Reflexionstiefe zusammen. Auf Grundlage der empirischen Ergebnisse wurde das Reflexionsmodell mit externaler und internaler Zielorientierung (REIZ) entwickelt. Zudem wurde darauf aufbauend eine Definition für Reflexionstiefe in vier Argumentationsclustern formuliert. Für die Lehrkräftebildung wird der in REIZ dargestellte differenzierte Ansatz der Zielorientierung von Reflexion empfohlen.
    Keywords: Reflexion ; Reflexionsmodell ; Reflexionstiefe ; Reflexionsqualität ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::Y Children's, Teenage & educational::YQ Educational material
    Language: German
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  • 191
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: "Zeolites and Porous Materials: Applications in Catalysis and Adsorption Processes" provides a comprehensive exploration of the remarkable sphere of zeolites and porous materials, and their wide-ranging applications in catalysis and adsorption processes. Written by experts in the field, this Reprint offers a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, engineers, and students seeking to understand the fundamental principles, synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and cutting-edge applications of these materials. In addition to highlighting achievements and breakthroughs, this Special Issue Reprint addresses the current challenges and future directions in the field. It presents innovative strategies to overcome limitations and paves the way for new research and development opportunities. Furthermore, the Reprint emphasizes the significance of sustainability and green chemistry, demonstrating how zeolites and porous materials can contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future. Overall, "Zeolites and Porous Materials: Applications in Catalysis and Adsorption Processes" provides an up-to-date examination of zeolites and porous materials. With its diverse perspectives, and its emphasis on cutting-edge applications, this Reprint serves as an invaluable resource for anyone interested in understanding, utilizing, and pushing the boundaries of these exceptional materials.
    Keywords: zeolite ; vapor adsorption ; water harvesting ; heat and mass transfer ; bentonite ; methylene blue ; oxygen reduction reaction ; spent adsorbent ; zeolites ; drugs ; adsorption ; drug delivery systems ; theoretical approach ; Y zeolite ; porosity ; tetralin ; hydrocracking ; BTEX ; hierarchical zeolites ; fluorination ; siliceous ZSM-5 ; dealumination ; spent MTP catalyst ; ZSM-5 ; p-xylene ; n-hexane ; heteropoly acid ; thermogravimetric analysis ; ethanol conversion ; coke formation ; catalyst stability ; cesium salts ; zeolite-rich tuff ; phillipsite ; surfactant modification ; drug adsorption ; diclofenac ; biopolymers ; alginate ; carbon porous catalysts ; NH3-SCR ; copper cations ; acid sites ; NO3− species ; acrolein aminocyclization ; pyridine ; 3-picoline ; Brønsted/Lewis acid sites ; micro/mesoporous zeolites ; catalyst deactivation ; zeolites shaping technology ; binder-containing extrusion ; zeolitic monoliths ; binder effects ; binder-free shaping alternatives ; extrusion ; hierarchical SSZ-32 zeolites ; bifunctional catalysts ; n-hexadecane hydroisomerization ; Brønsted acidity distribution ; reaction pathways ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry
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  • 192
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Marine Drugs is very pleased to host a Special Issue in honour of Prof. Dr. Peter Proksch, who served as Editor in Chief for Marine Drugs from 2005 to 2009, for his excellent research contribution.
    Keywords: lipopeptides ; phthalide ; Cochliobolus lunatus ; absolute configurations ; AChE inhibitory ; Penicillium cyclopium ; marine sediment-derived fungus ; quinazoline alkaloid ; polyketide derivatives ; antibacterial activity ; deep-sea fungi ; deep-sea actinomycetes ; secondary metabolites ; bioactivity ; Aspergillus versicolor ; deep-sea-derived fungus ; polyketide ; antimicrobial activity ; antioxidant activity ; Penicillium oxalicum ; deep sea ; cold seep ; phenylhydrazone ; quinazoline ; sclerotiorin derivatives ; cytotoxic activity ; COX-2 inhibition ; molecular docking ; mangrove endophytic fungus ; Diaporthe sp. ; anti-inflammatory activity ; volatile organic compounds ; seaweeds ; characteristic VOCs ; chemotaxonomy ; biomedical utilization ; headspace solid phase microextraction ; Aspergillus oryzae ; marine fungus ; illudalane sesquiterpenes ; antiproliferative activity ; zebrafish toxicity ; marine polysaccharide ; drug delivery system ; nanocarrier ; cancer therapy ; mangrove endophytic fungi ; Phomopsis sp. ; chromenones ; immunosuppressive activity ; natural products ; chemical structures ; diketopiperazines ; biological activities ; Neosartorya spinosa ; Trichocomaceae ; marine sponge-associated fungus ; anthraquinones ; biphenyl ethers ; anti-tyrosinase ; antibiofilm activity ; marine environment drug ; natural compounds ; anticancer ; mechanisms of action ; Talaromyces sp. ; molecular networking ; sambutoxin ; polyketides ; α-glucosidase ; deep-sea ; fungus ; Penicillium solitum ; anti-tumor ; anti-food allergy ; marine sponge-derived fungus ; Neopetrosia chaliniformis ; Aspergillus nomius ; oxisterigmatocystin ; HT 29 colon cancer cells ; apoptosis cells ; cardiovascular diseases ; fibrinolytic enzymes ; marine microorganisms ; thrombolytic activity ; co-culture ; marine bacteria ; marine fungi ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 193
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This book, entitled “Smart Textile and Polymer Materials”, is dedicated to recent research and development regarding smart textiles and response-based polymer materials, including, but not limited to, fiber-based energy harvesting devices, energy storage devices, chromatic devices, color and shape changes, sensing, drug release, and ultraviolet resistant, electrically conductive, optical, hydrophobic and flame-retardant materials.
    Keywords: carbon fiber composite ; tensile strength ; laminate ; tensile property ; knitted fabrics ; strain sensors ; size prediction ; precise positioning ; human motion detection ; solid rocket motor case (SRMC) connector ; carbon fiber ; lay-up ; mechanical properties ; finite element ; knitted sensor ; equivalent resistance ; topology model ; volume resistance ; three-dimensional ; SEBS ; MWCNTs ; yarn ; dopamine ; strain sensor ; alginate fiber ; preparation method ; application properties ; characterization ; helical ; nonwoven ; curvature ; film thickness ; image ; transmission ; scattered photometric ; Kubelka-Munk ; Fe2O3 ; carbon nanofibers ; heterogeneous Fenton ; methyl orange (MO) ; LIBS ; CN band ; polymer ; nylon ; doped nylon ; molecular structure ; plasma parameters ; laser irradiance ; direct electrostatic deposition ; proton exchange membrane ; direct methanol fuel cell ; ultrathin membrane ; high power density ; fabric CAD ; irregular 3D yarn ; B-spline curve ; fabric structure ; key point mapping ; piezoelectric property ; polyacrylonitrile ; poly(vinylidene fluoride) ; ZnO nanorods ; electrospinning ; nitrogen doping ; small-sized graphene core-sheath ; graphene fiber ; supercapacitors ; polyvinylidene fluoride ; piezoelectric properties ; biomedicines ; energy ; photocatalysis ; metal-composite hybrid structure ; residual strain ; dynamic characteristic ; optical fiber sensors ; metal-CFRP-metal hybrid tube ; multiwalled carbon nanotubes ; acid treatment ; polyimide film ; physical-chemical properties ; melt-blowing ; coupled field ; annular die ; numeral calculations ; polyamide-imide ; structural construction ; air filtration ; binary aerogels ; electrospun polyacrylonitrile membranes ; fluorine-free hydrophobic modification ; amino functional modified polysiloxane ; in situ cross-linking reaction ; waterproof breathable ; personal cooling garments ; thermal comfort ; ice cooling ; phase change material cooling ; radiative cooling ; air cooling ; liquid cooling ; thermoelectric cooling ; energy conversion ; triboelectric nanogenerators ; 1D device ; woven ; knitted ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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  • 194
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: In recent years, researchers have shown a special interest in natural products as alternative methods for the prevention, treatment, and/or management of various skin illnesses and disorders, primarily due to their natural availability, efficacity, reduced cost, and minimal toxicity. In a similar vein, synthetic bioactives, as well as small molecules, have been studied in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical studies as potential drugs or supplements. This Special Issue of Nutrients comprises an array of literature reviews, original communications, and studies on the roles of natural products, synthetic bioactives, and small molecules in a variety of skin disorders and diseases, such as aging, atopic dermatitis, cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, melanoma, allergies, hyperpigmentation, inflammation, and more, which were investigated through in vitro and ex vivo approaches, preclinical trials, cell-based assays, and animal models. The mechanisms of action of certain compounds are proposed, while others are currently under investigation. The authors of the papers also explore technologies designed to improve the bioavailability and delivery of certain compounds. In lieu of ongoing research on a variety of skin disorders, the wealth of information published in this Special Issue can act as a springboard for the development of new preventive and therapeutic modalities for the management of skin diseases.
    Keywords: keratinocytes ; rutin ; ascorbic acid ; UV radiation ; proteomics ; 3D cell culture ; borage oil ; triacylglycerol metabolism ; acyl-ceramide ; corneocyte lipid envelope ; epidermis ; anti-melanogenesis ; B16/F10 melanoma cell ; hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid ; Sorghum bicolor ; 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine ; mycosis fungoides ; atopic dermatitis ; cutaneous lymphomas ; cornified envelope proteins ; FLG ; microalgae ; Planktochlorella nurekis ; skin cells ; proliferation ; senescence ; holothuroids ; glycosaminoglycans ; inflammation ; ear-inflammation ; whey ; Lactobacillus helveticus ; melanin ; α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone ; tyrosinase ; tyrosinase-related protein 1 ; dopachrome tautomerase ; microphthalmia-associated transcription factor ; cosmetics ; black cumin ; Nigella sativa ; Thymocid® ; skin aging ; glycation ; collagen ; collagenase ; elastase ; melanogenesis ; cosmeceutical ; konjac glucomannan ; ultraviolet B ; human epidermal primary melanocytes ; human embryonic fibroblasts ; anti-inflammatory activity ; antioxidant activity ; Cornus officinalis ; molecular docking ; human high-affinity IgE receptors ; α-MSH ; UVB irradiation ; lotus seedpod extract ; epigallocatechin ; propolis ; skin ; matrix metalloproteinase-1 ; UV ; phosphoinositide 3-kinase ; skin care ; skin health ; bioactive substances ; phytonutrients ; antioxidants ; nutraceuticals ; Perilla frutescens ; cell proliferation ; ultraviolet radiation ; DNA repair ; Lactobacillus plantarum CJLP55 ; acne vulgaris ; sebum ; hydration ; urine bacterial extracellular vesicles ; fungal infections ; nanohydrogel ; polysaccharide ; essential oils ; eggshell membrane ; keratinocyte differentiation ; TRPV ; skin thickness ; Lithospermum erythrorhizon ; NC/Nga ; Th1 ; Th2 ; Th17 ; Th22 ; immune balance ; skin barrier function ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue contains contributions from colleagues, former students and collaborators of the late Prof. Miron Amusia, who was a world-leading figure in theoretical atomic physics over the past half a century. The focus of this Special Issue is on many-electron and multiphoton atomic processes that are at the forefront of contemporary atomic and molecular physics. Special attention is given to the many-electron correlation problem and its interplay with strong field laser–atom interactions. These scientific advances represent the lasting legacy of Prof. Amusia and his school.
    Keywords: photoionization and photoelectron spectroscopy ; elastic and inelastic electron scattering ; many-electron correlations in atoms and solids ; encapsulated atoms and fullerens ; strong laser-atom interaction ; ultrafast processes and atto-second science ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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  • 196
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Dear Colleagues, Ruminant production systems are very important in many areas of the world and a key aspect of the economy and culture. Food quality is a complex term that includes, in addition to safety, such intrinsic characteristics as appearance, color, texture, and flavor, which are modified by both pre- and post-mortem factors. For this Special Issue, we included studies on any of these factors or preservation methods for improving the quality and shelf-life of meat. We also collected manuscripts on carcass development, quality, and valorization. We are interested in applied research and the interaction between pre- and post-mortem factors, e.g., nutrition and preservation methods for improving the quality and conservation of a carcass and meat, and methods for assessing carcass quality (ultrasound, image analysis, etc.). However, manuscripts related to the extrinsic characteristics (origin, quality labels, price, etc.) of a carcass or meat do not fall into the scope of this Special Issue.
    Keywords: lambs ; carcass characteristics ; meat quality ; vitamin E ; rosemary residue ; cinisara breed ; beef ; cured meat ; fat ; fermented sausage ; Pisum sativum ; fatty acids ; colour ; texture ; soybean ; carcass fatness ; image analysis ; prediction ; young bulls ; goat meat ; food safety ; E. coli ; preharvest management ; postharvest intervention ; buffalo ; carcass ; costs ; meat ; supplementation ; rearing system ; tissue composition ; breed ; lipogenesis ; GPAT1 ; SNAP23 ; fatty acid composition ; Hanwoo steer ; Cape Lob Ear ; Cape Speckled ; Boer Goat ; meat goat breeds ; meat tenderness ; meat colour ; collagen ; chevon ; Onobrychis viciifolia ; condensed tannins ; performance ; plasma metabolites ; meat color ; beef cattle ; Angus bulls ; growth rate ; crossbred Holstein ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 197
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint covers a wide range of topics including, but not limited to, new analytical and bioanalytical methods relevant to the separation, identification, and determination of substances in pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, nanobiotechnology, clinical chemistry, and related disciplines; methods for the identification of bioactive compounds in functional foods and medicinal plants; applications of chromatography and allied techniques in biomedical sciences.
    Keywords: wild rice ; antioxidant ; macroporous resins ; LC-MS/MS ; phenolics ; procyanidins ; osimertinib ; UPLC-TOF-MS ; rat ; pharmacokinetics ; carbonyl derivatization ; phenylhydrazine ; phenylenediamine ; hydroxylamine ; water analysis ; lipoxidation ; lisdexamfetamine dimesylate ; impurities ; structural elucidation ; forced degradation ; HPLC validation ; chemical constituent profiles of Sinisan ; chinese medicine processing ; chinese medicinal formula compatibility ; Dendropanax morbifera leaf ; xanthine oxidase ; hyperuricemia ; HPLC ; advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) ; Nε-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) ; Nε-(carboxyethyl) lysine (CEL) ; antler velvet processing ; UPLC-MS/MS ; Cinnamomum yabunikkei leaf ; elastase ; Citrus junos Seib ex TANAKA ; rhKGF-1 ; rhKGF-2 ; bioactivity ; cell-based bioassay ; method validation ; CYP450 enzyme ; cocktail probe drug ; RT-PCR ; galangin ; affecting factors ; amadori compound ; furosine ; Maillard reaction ; velvet antler processing ; Brazilian green propolis ; phenolic acids ; UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS ; quantitation ; methodological verification ; Glycyrrhizae Radix extract ; glycyrrhizin ; isoliquiritigenin ; liquiritigenin ; liquiritin ; LC–MS/MS analysis ; desoxo-narchinol A ; Nardostachys jatamansi ; bioavailability ; silybin ; silymarin product ; comparative pharmacokinetics ; ginsenosides ; red ginseng extract ; human ; acanthus ilicifolius herb ; phenylethanoid glycosides ; C.tricuspidata Bureau ; tyrosinase ; dialyzable leukocyte extract ; Transferon® ; complex mixture of peptides ; quality specifications ; biological potency ; development and validation ; Dioscorea nipponica Makino ; steroidal saponin ; HPLC-UV ; UPLC-QTOF/MS ; validation ; osteosarcoma ; apoptosis ; epinastine ; comparison ; SH-1242 ; 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(5-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromen-6-yl)ethanone ; HPLC-MS/MS ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNF Analytical chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: The reprint provides an overview of recent applications of both chemometrics and spectrometric techniques to target current issues associated with food authenticity, traceability, as well as modern approaches on the analysis of food ingredients and products.
    Keywords: saliva ; spectroscopy ; satiety ; satiation ; chemometrics ; edible oils ; Raman ; photoluminescence ; FTIR ; thermal conductivity ; PCA ; 2DCOS ; saponification value ; 1H-NMR spectroscopy ; tributyrin ; dairy fat ; vegetable oils ; dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction ; HS-SPME ; flavor enhancer ; seafood ; GC-MS ; whisky ; elemental analysis ; ICP-MS ; ICP-OES ; CV-AAS ; spirits ; metals ; NIRS ; specialty coffee ; PLS models ; maple syrups ; adulteration ; FT-IR ; bourbon barrel aged ; authentication ; fake ; CVAAS ; principal component analysis ; alcohol aging ; isotope ratios ; carcass ; classification ; goat meat ; infrared ; exotic species ; similarity index ; meat ; NIR ; LIBS ; food fraud ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 199
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This Special Issue aims to bring together the various aspects of plant cell tissue and organ culture with a special emphasis on the production of phytochemical compounds, considered therapeutically valuable for their antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Secondary metabolites play a key role in the diverse defense mechanisms of the plant organism in response to environmental stimuli, such as climatic fluctuations, pathogenic organisms, predatory herbivores, and competing plants. Therefore, by providing the opportunity for controlled modifications of environmental conditions, in vitro culture is an easy-to-manage experimental system that can be utilized as a source of secondary metabolites for industrial applications, as well as for food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical purposes. This Special Issue will highlight the modern use of different plant cell tissue and organ culture approaches for successfully producing plant secondary metabolites, particularly those with high economic value.
    Keywords: auxin ; Bidens pilosa ; cytokinin ; callus ; chlorogenic acids ; organogenesis ; phenolics ; secondary metabolites ; shoot culture ; HPLC ; bellidifolin ; osmotic stress ; anthocyanins ; meta-topolin ; micropropagation ; Rheum ; soluble sugars ; sucrose concentration ; Daucus carota ; carotene ; nitrate ; ammonium ; somatic embryogenesis ; Lycium schweinfurthii ; genetic stability ; ISSR-PCR ; RAPD-PCR ; SDS-PAGE ; HPTLC ; DPPH ; ABTS ; roseroot ; in vitro culture ; design of experiments ; nitrogen source ; plant growth regulator ; methyl jasmonate ; phenolic compound ; histochemistry ; shoot proliferation ; polyphenols ; antioxidant activity ; essential oils ; HS-SPME ; GC-MS ; PCA ; HCA ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 200
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Transportation, logistics, and supply chain systems and networks constitute one of the pillars of modern economies and societies. From sustainable traffic management in smart cities or air transportation to green and socially responsible logistics practices, many enterprises and governments around the world have to make decisions that affect the efficiency of these complex systems. Typically, optimization algorithms are employed to deal with these challenges, and simulation approaches are utilized when considering scenarios under uncertainty. However, better results might be achieved by hybridizing both optimization algorithms with simulation techniques to deal with real-life transportation, logistics, and SCM challenges, which often are large-scale and NP-hard problems under uncertainty conditions. Hence, simheuristic algorithms (combining metaheuristics with simulation) as well as other simulation optimization approaches constitute an effective way to support decision makers in such complex scenarios. This reprint presents a collection of selected articles on simulation optimization in transportation, logistics, and supply chain management. The reprint is strongly connected to the topics covered in the Winter Simulation Conference (WSC) track on logistics, transportation, and SCM, which includes a stream in simheuristic algorithms as well.
    Keywords: omnichannel retail stores ; vehicle routing problem ; pick-up and delivery ; biased-randomized heuristics ; simheuristics ; scheduling ; uncertainty ; discrete event simulation ; hybrid flow shop ; scrap ; local search ; tabu search ; machine qualifications ; clustering ; shortest processing time ; maritime transportation ; liner network design ; synchronization ; weather uncertainty ; optimization simulation ; discrete-event simulation ; simulation-based optimization ; assignment problem ; neighborhood search ; warehouse ; nonlinear-flight-mechanics ; neural networks ; guidance, navigation, and control ; machine learning ; model ; matlab-simulink ; stochastic project scheduling ; genetic algorithm ; composite priority rules ; agent-based simulation ; horizontal cooperation ; e-groceries ; optimization ; simulation ; logistics ; distribution networks ; container terminal ; meta-heuristic ; horizontal transportation ; hyper-parameter optimization ; hybrid modeling ; system dynamics ; facility location Problems ; Monte Carlo simulation ; automated parcel lockers ; last-mile delivery ; location routing problem ; heuristics ; fuzzy logic ; dockless bike-sharing system ; Markovian queueing network ; relocation ; unequal demand ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
    Language: English
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