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  • artificial intelligence
  • thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYQ Artificial intelligence
  • MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (210)
  • Springer  (39)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • 2020-2024  (249)
  • 2015-2019
  • 1950-1954
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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: The 3D analysis of human movement aims to objectively and quantitatively assess motor functions and alterations. It is a valuable method for sport scientists, coaches, and clinicians to evaluate sport performance, common movements, and alterations. The feasibility of 3D analysis is increasing because it can be adopted both in a laboratory setting or directly in the field, in static or dynamic conditions, and for physiological or pathological movements. This evaluation technique can be adopted for many people, including children, adolescents, adults, and older people, whether they are sedentary or athletes and whether they are healthy or motor-impaired people.
    Keywords: virtual reality ; augmented reality ; lifelogging ; mirror world ; health ; posture training ; feedback ; COVID-19 ; neck-shoulder-region ; shoulder protraction ; upper crossed syndrome ; posture weakness ; physical inactivity ; sedentary behavior ; soccer ; climbing ; exhaustion ; fatigue ; training ; machine learning ; sports ; gender ; data mining ; artificial intelligence ; posture ; reproducibility ; mobile app ; movement ; kinesiology ; sport performance ; inertial sensor ; inertial sensor device ; inertial measurement unit ; training load ; external load ; physical demand ; handstand ; postural control ; postural balance ; sEMG ; stabilometric assessment ; exercise ; Nordic walking ; walking ; 3D kinematics ; biomechanics ; gait analysis ; kyphosis ; spinal mouse ; photogrammetry ; postural evaluation ; bicycle ; cyclists ; saddle pressure ; perineal pressure ; urogenital system ; injury prevention ; cervical ROM ; elastic taping ; neck pain ; musculoskeletal health ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: The research field of data analysis and mining has attracted the interest of both academia and industry in recent years. This reprint contains 17 papers, which cover different topics of the broad research field of data analysis and mining. Each paper presents new data mining algorithms and techniques, as well as applications of data analysis and mining in real-world domains.
    Keywords: chi-square test ; constrained likelihood ratio test ; Fisher test ; gamma distribution ; uniformly most powerful test ; key interested frame ; commodity video ; clustering ; deep neural network ; frequent subtree ; parallel algorithms ; data partitioning ; load balancing ; trust inference ; trust propagation ; online social network ; social network analysis ; probabilistic graphical model ; message passing ; belief propagation ; model interpretability ; sequential rule mining ; non redundant sequential rules ; TRuleGrowth ; top-k non redundant rules ; closed sequential patterns ; multivariate time series ; deep spatiotemporal information ; down-sampling convolution ; attention ; graph neural network ; mobility patterns ; social media data ; artificial intelligence ; tourist clusters ; tourist flows ; forecasting ; univariate ; time series ; Python ; PSF ; spam detection ; deep learning ; semantic similarity ; social network security ; web analytics ; web log mining ; clickstream analysis ; sequence mining ; sequitur ; graph techniques ; feature subset selection ; data mining ; educational data mining ; machine learning ; metaheuristics ; artificial neural networks ; random decision forests ; posttraumatic stress disorder ; DSM-V ; emergency cesarean section ; elective cesarean section ; postpartum period ; text similarity calculation ; passage-level event connection graph ; vector tuning ; graph embedding ; meteorological data mining and machine learning ; class imbalance ; classification ; randomized undersampling ; SMOTE oversampling ; undersampling using temporal distances ; recommender systems ; session-based recommendations ; e-commerce ; data and web mining ; item co-occurrence ; graph data model ; next-item and next-basket recommendations ; graph-based recommendations ; purchase intent ; LSTM-RNN ; signal processing ; smart device ; electromagnetic field ; non-ionizing radiation protection ; SAR ; ANOVA ; data science ; selection ; constraint satisfaction ; preprocessing ; mobile technology ; statistics ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: The sustainable management of water cycles is crucial in the context of climate change and global warming. It involves managing global, regional, and local water cycles, as well as urban, agricultural, and industrial water cycles, to conserve water resources and their relationships with energy, food, microclimates, biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and anthropogenic activities. Hydrological modeling is indispensable for achieving this goal, as it is essential for water resources management and the mitigation of natural disasters. In recent decades, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in hydrology and water resources management has led to notable advances. In the face of hydro-geo-meteorological uncertainty, AI approaches have proven to be powerful tools for accurately modeling complex, nonlinear hydrological processes and effectively utilizing various digital and imaging data sources, such as ground gauges, remote sensing tools, and in situ Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The thirteen research papers published in this Special Issue make significant contributions to long- and short-term hydrological modeling and water resources management under changing environments using AI techniques coupled with various analytics tools. These contributions, which cover hydrological forecasting, microclimate control, and climate adaptation, can promote hydrology research and direct policy making toward sustainable and integrated water resources management.
    Keywords: ANN ; roadside IoT sensors ; simulations of the gridded rainstorms ; 2D inundation simulation and real-time error correction ; weather types and features ; meteorological feature extraction ; artificial neural network ; self-organizing map (SOM) ; urban agriculture ; resource utilization efficiency ; urban northern Taiwan ; machine learning ; random forest ; regression analysis ; support vector machine ; threshold rainfall ; threshold runoff ; XGBoost ; stochastic rainfall generator ; Huff rainfall curve ; copula ; GeoAI ; artificial intelligence ; hydrological ; hydraulic ; fluvial ; water quality ; geomorphic ; modeling ; anomaly detection ; deep reinforcement learning ; telemetry water level ; time series ; ensemble ; multi-model ensemble ; precipitation ; forecasting ; persian gulf ; deep learning ; dam inflow ; RNN ; LSTM ; GRU ; hyperparameter ; rainfall time series ; artificial neural networks ; Multiple Linear Regression ; Chania ; CNN ; ELM ; temporary rivers ; hydrological extremes ; multivariate stochastic model ; autoregressive model ; Markov model ; daily temperature ; temperature generator ; Bayesian neural network ; forecasting uncertainty ; multi-step ahead forecasting ; probabilistic streamflow forecasting ; variational inference ; smart microclimate-control system (SMCS) ; system dynamics ; water–energy–food nexus ; agricultural resilience ; hydroinformatics ; hydrological modeling ; early warning ; uncertainty ; sustainability
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Virtual and augmented reality technology has seen tremendous progress in recent years, enabling novel and exciting ways to interact inside virtual environments. An interesting approach to interaction in VR and AR is the use of tangible user interfaces, which leverage on our natural understanding of the physical world and how our bodies move and interact with it, and on our learned capabilities to manipulate physical objects.For this Special Issue, we are interested in gathering research that bridges atoms and bits in virtual and augmented environments. Basic research papers that demonstrate new interaction technologies or techniques, descriptions of applications that use tangibles in VR/AR in any domain, and survey papers that can help structure and systematize current knowledge on this area are all suitable.
    Keywords: virtual reality ; haptic feedback ; tactile sensation ; sound source localization ; deaf and hard-of-hearing ; visual positioning system ; convolutional neural network ; three-dimensional object pose estimation ; voxel ; perspective-n-point ; digital taste ; galvanic taste stimulation ; taste augmentation ; mulsemedia ; taste modulation ; augmented reality ; PCNL ; simulation ; surgical rehearsal ; surgery ; immersive environment ; cognitive impairment ; physical disability ; unity ; rehabilitation ; intention prediction ; gaze-based interaction ; laparoscopic AR navigation ; liver surgery ; 3D image registration method ; point cloud registration ; collaborative robotics ; acceptability ; uncanny valley ; user experience ; extended reality ; artificial intelligence ; classification ; control ; motor rehabilitation ; prosthesis ; stroke ; surface electromyography signals ; user interface ; pseudo-haptic ; human-centered computing ; mixed and augmented reality ; game-based learning ; fantasy ; situated learning ; serious game ; embodied interaction ; data visualization ; node-link diagram ; immersive communication ; VR conference room ; panoramic live broadcast ; spatial audio ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Embark on an intellectual exploration by addressing the intricate connections between education and the defining challenges of our era in this captivating collection. "Creativity, Intelligence, and Collaboration in 21st Century Education" delves into the demands of our dynamic world, intertwining various perspectives from psychology, creativity studies, and educational sciences. Uncover the significance of 20th-century skills, explore the transformative impact of digital technology, and examine the intersection of creativity and artificial intelligence, among other lively issues that shape the educational landscape. From STEM education to the creative process of master’s students, this volume serves as a guiding beacon for researchers, educators, policymakers, and inquisitive minds interested in the evolving trends and fresh perspectives in education. Challenge assumptions, envision a landscape where creativity and collaboration flourish, and emerge with a profound understanding of the future of education.
    Keywords: conservatory ; liberal arts ; musical performance ; entrepreneurship ; problem solving ; adaptive intelligence ; creativity ; beautiful risks ; professional coherence ; onion model ; professional development ; continuing education ; adolescence ; social and emotional skills ; identity ; children co-researchers ; action research ; gender ; artificial intelligence ; student attitudes ; creativity process ; creativity tools ; thinking ; idea generation and evaluation ; 21st century learning ; creative collaboration ; creative communication ; creative confidence ; creative curricular experiences ; journalistic legacy challenges ; journalistic learning ; challenges of interdisciplinary learning ; learning outcomes ; interdisciplinary integration ability ; student attributes ; learning environment ; education ; future ; creative ecosystems ; digital game-based learning ; mind-wandering ; preschool children ; creative problem solving ; learning ; computational thinking skills ; reverse engineering pedagogy ; STEM learning activity ; primary school student ; a quasi-experimental study ; self-perceived creativity ; creative personal identity ; primary school ; creator ; context ; environment ; 21st century skills ; 4Cs ; assessment ; certification ; collaboration ; communication ; critical thinking ; future of work ; games ; labelization ; soft skills ; training ; creative process diary ; multivariate factors ; preservice teacher training ; STEM ; divergent thinking ; secondary education ; skills ; hard skills ; cognition ; conation ; affection ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AF The Arts: art forms::AFC Paintings and painting
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This reprint focusses on Smartness, a multidisciplinary topic, which is examined from four perspectives: Sensors, IoT, and Data Generation; Data and Information Processing; Actuation; and Digital Systems and Infrastructure. We see smartness in the way sensing is embedded in a system, the way data and information are processed, how a system interacts internally and with its environment, and whether a system is ubiquitous or limited by space (cloud-based or edge-enabled). This reprint contains a total of 14 chapters, which are grouped according to their areas of application: mobility and transportation, healthcare, industrial environments, and other urban infrastructures. This book covers a range of topics, including mobility; healthcare; image analysis; permeable pavements; solid-waste management; sensor node and gateway architectures; cloud, fog, and edge computing; air-quality monitoring; thermal anomalies and smart helmets in industrial environments; smart airports; smart districts; smart travel choices; sensor cities; artificially intelligent cities; platform urbanism; and more.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence (AI) ; artificially intelligent city ; artificially intelligence commons ; smart city ; smart urban technology ; urban informatics ; sustainable urban development ; climate change ; pandemics ; natural disasters ; sensor city ; City 4.0 ; smart urbanism ; smart governance ; disruptive urban transition ; Internet-of-Things (IoT) ; technology giants ; sensors ; transit ; bus ; transfer ; smart card ; spatial analysis ; mode choice ; internet of everything (IoE) ; 6th generation (6G) networks ; artificial intelligence ; Distributed AI as a Service (DAIaaS) ; fog computing ; edge computing ; cloud computing ; smart airport ; smart districts ; PPE ; OHS ; risk detection ; naive Bayes ; support vector machine ; convolutional neural network ; deep learning ; microcontroller ; edge-fog-cloud computing ; Internet of Things ; robotics ; autonomous driving ; image registration ; smart sensor ; real time big data ; land-use ; air quality ; particulate matter (PM10 PM2.5) ; Intelligent Transportation Systems ; functional requirements ; machine learning ; model actionability ; model evaluation ; cloud server ; customized sensor node ; customized gateway ; FLoRa simulation ; LoRa range radio ; solid waste management ; smart cities ; big data ; event detection ; road traffic ; distributed machine learning ; automatic labeling ; social media ; data analytics ; social media analytics ; Arabic tweets ; 3D microstructure reconstruction ; permeable pavement ; generative adversarial networks ; tiny AI ; tiny ML ; distributed AI as a service (DAIaaS) ; skin disease diagnosis ; healthcare ; smart societies ; smart healthcare ; reference architecture ; TensorFlow ; visually impaired ; smart mobility ; LiDAR ; ultrasonic ; obstacle detection ; obstacle recognition ; assistive tools ; green computing ; sustainability ; Arduino Uno ; smart app ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: The field of healthcare is constantly evolving and advancing with new technologies and innovations. Among these, assistive technologies, robotics, and automated machines are rapidly gaining ground as powerful tools to improve the quality of care and enhance patient outcomes. From wearable devices that monitor vital signs to surgical robots that assist in complex procedures, these technologies have the potential to revolutionize the way we deliver healthcare. The development and the integration of assistive technologies, care robots, and automated machines are strategic both as single components, when paired together, and when interconnected in the health domain.This reprint explores the latest developments in assistive technologies, robotics, and automated machines in the health domain, providing a comprehensive overview of their applications and potential impact. The reprint is for the benefit of healthcare professionals, researchers, engineers, and students interested in these rapidly evolving fields.
    Keywords: n/a ; rehabilitation ; virtual reality ; upper extremity ; virtual rehabilitation ; Facebook advertisements ; personalized advertisements ; social media ; precision medicine ; public health informatics ; public health communications ; consumer health informatics ; population health ; human immunodeficiency virus ; diagnosis ; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ; regulation ; artificial intelligence ; digital radiology ; medical devices ; child patient ; care robot ; caregiver ; hospitalization ; testing ; motor coordination ; screening tool ; robotic exoskeletons ; servo motor ; brushless ; brushed ; actuators ; torque ; centre mass ; clinical decision ; U-Net ; CNN ; CAD system ; brain tumor ; classification ; segmentation ; humanoid social robot ; older adults ; living alone ; loneliness ; social isolation ; home-based ; spinal cord injuries ; assistive technology ; tongue barbell piercing ; tongue drive system ; inductive tongue control system ; rehabilitation robot ; assistive technology sports rehabilitation ; continuation therapy ; degenerative diseases ; elder ; telemedicine ; expectation confirmation theory ; trust typology theory ; personal privacy concerns ; urination and defecation care ; automation ; multi-sensor fusion detection algorithm ; stroke ; gait robot ; goal setting ; Remote Monitoring Digital Solutions (RMDSs) ; elderly patient ; mental and emotional decline ; COVID-19 ; exoskeleton device ; gait ; robot ; personal satisfaction ; physical fitness ; orthodontics ; AI ; ChatGPT ; AI Treatment Assessment ; Teledentistry Cephalometrics ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBG Medical equipment & techniques
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This book presents a collection of papers revealing the impact of advanced computation and instrumentation on healthcare. It highlights the increasing global trend driving innovation for a new era of multifunctional technologies for personalized digital healthcare. Moreover, it highlights that contemporary research on healthcare is performed on a multidisciplinary basis comprising computational engineering, biomedicine, biomedical engineering, electronic engineering, and automation engineering, among other areas.
    Keywords: eHealth ; mHealth ; telemedicine ; telehealth ; social sciences ; bibliometrics ; telediagnostic ; project management ; funding ; IT infrastructure ; cross-border multiprofessional team ; European Union ; Interreg ; reporting ; quality control ; resident ; diagnostic error ; artificial intelligence ; healthcare AI ; deployment and scaling ; medical center ; critical factors ; stakeholders ; health information technology ; information sharing ; hospital costs ; poverty ratio ; concentration ; continuous glucose monitoring ; insulin pump ; continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ; pediatric diabetes ; biomedical data ; medical imaging ; shared data ; massive databases ; AI-based healthcare solutions ; trueness ; 3D printing ; milling ; interim dental crown ; digital dentistry ; dental device ; data mining ; bio-signal analysis ; bio-signal repository ; execution engine ; bio-signal monitoring ; digital healthcare ; patient-centric ; blockchain ; federated learning ; coronavirus (COVID-19) ; pandemic management ; healthcare transformation ; public health strategies ; stroke detection ; portable head scanner ; low-intensity EM waves ; intrinsically safe ; low carbon footprint ; orthodontic treatment ; clear aligners ; smart application ; AI ; computerized learning ; behavior change techniques ; decision tree algorithm ; digital interventions ; mental health literacy ; audiovisual ; dentistry ; computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery ; ultrasounds ; chemomechanical caries removal ; modern technologies ; laser ; ozone ; healthcare ; emergency department ; patient flow ; simulation modeling ; agent-based modeling ; pandemic decision support ; additive manufacturing ; patient-centric dosage form ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: As we know, strokes are one of the world's leading causes of death, and the cruel aspect of a stroke is that it leaves people with severe functional disability and/or cognitive impairment. Strokes have a significant impact on economies worldwide, as it is estimated that about 10% of the male population and 8% of the female population are affected by them. Such people need personal help in their everyday life and must be materially supported by social services. With the advancement of medicine, artificial intelligence, and new technologies have been developing rapidly and are gradually applied in diseases of the nervous system, increasingly helping diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and prognosis of disease.This Special Issue has collected the 14 papers on artificial intelligence and new technologies in strokes, including in the aspects of diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, rehabilitation, and nursing. We welcome your reading.
    Keywords: non-invasive brain stimulation ; stroke ; spasticity ; meta-analysis ; hemiplegia ; electromyographic bridge ; upper limb rehabilitation ; randomized controlled trial ; hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy ; disorders of consciousness ; metabolic connectivity ; positron emission tomography ; 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ; hand function rehabilitation ; hand rehabilitation robot ; computer vision technology ; wearable devices ; sensors ; artificial intelligence ; brain–computer interface ; active rehabilitation training ; motor function ; brain function ; executive function ; postural control ; gait ; repetitive transcranial stimulation ; facial paralysis ; peripheral magnetic stimulation ; blood flows ; laser speckle ; stroke rehabilitation ; upper limb ; automated system ; motor function assessment ; Fugl-Meyer Assessment ; motor attempt (MA) ; EEG ; deep learning method ; overlapping time window ; facial expression recognition (FER) ; vision transformer (ViT) ; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ; rehabilitation ; assessment ; upper extremity ; hand ; brain–computer interfaces ; motor task ; sensorimotor rhythm ; hand rehabilitation ; motor imagery ; virtual reality ; rTMS ; DTI ; immersive virtual reality ; post-stroke cognitive impairment ; aging ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Various molecular techniques based on omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics) and phylogenetics have been applied in biological sciences. Molecular dynamics and approaches evolved over time into various quantitative tools that allow researchers from multiple disciplines to design different studies. The molecular-based techniques can be comprehensive and systematic, as they allow identification, resolve genetic differences, molecular docking, and prediction models of ecological niches and taxonomic ranks. Investigating genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques utilize a novel class of DNA elements, such as microsatellites from mitochondria and chloroplast and retrotransposons, resulting in genetic variations using molecular data. In addition to this, the advantages and limitations of molecular approaches have been well studied and acknowledged. The combination of molecular phylogenetic and omics techniques and expression and pathways analysis may greatly increase our capacity to understand and develop new molecular mechanisms and stress responses in biological systems. Furthermore, these techniques offer extensive opportunities for researchers to develop targeted therapy approaches and disease diagnoses using molecular data. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how data from diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies. The study and applications of molecular approaches hold significant potential for advancing genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques in biological sciences.
    Keywords: autophagy-related protein ; degradation ; ubiquitin ; proteasome ; autophagy ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; Cry toxin ; nematicidal activity ; pore-formation ; diabetes ; vaccines ; clinical trials ; insulin ; GLP ; nitric oxide ; antioxidants ; metal-stress related transcripts ; rice ; Pb-stress ; Aurisin A ; beta-cyclodextrins ; inclusion complex ; lung cancer ; ruxolitinib ; JAK inhibitor ; rheumatoid arthritis ; molecular modeling ; TOR ; photosynthesis ; cell growth ; AZD8055 ; Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa ; ovarian cancer ; somatic BRCA mutational status ; digital pathology ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; super-secondary structure ; 3β-corner ; folding nuclei ; structure stability ; H Ferritin subunit ; PRDX6 ; protein-protein interaction ; seed-specific transcription factors ; signaling pathways ; seed size ; seed development ; juvenile idiopathic arthritis ; transcriptome-wide association study ; gene-based association analysis ; enrichment analysis ; gene regulatory network ; computational cancer biology ; precision medicine ; oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) ; data bank ; AlphaFold 2.0 ; graph neural network ; protein features ; nasopharyngeal carcinoma ; bioinformatics ; genes ; melon ; CmSUN ; IQ67 domain ; expression analysis ; overexpression phenotype ; fruit shape regulation ; protein interaction ; smooth muscle titin ; protein aggregates ; amyloid aggregation ; amyloids ; cross-β ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Since early diagnosis and optimal treatment selection are crucial to improving the prognosis of these diseases, the discovery of useful biomarkers has the potential to greatly reduce their burden. Recent technical and mechanical developments have allowed for the detection of tiny differences in various factors modified in physical conditions, which could contribute to the discovery of novel biomarkers for some diseases.In this Special Issue, we aim to focus on novel biomarkers for GI cancers, including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer and biliary cancer. In addition, any samples (tissue, blood, urine and feces) are useful as biomarker sources, although body-fluid-based biomarkers are promising as diagnostic biomarkers due to their noninvasiveness. This Special Issue aims to collect novel insights clarifying the current situation and future perspective in this field.
    Keywords: colorectal cancer ; advanced adenoma ; screening ; stool ; mRNA ; n/a ; cancer screening ; cirrhosis ; AFP ; machine learning ; MALDI-TOF ; proteomics ; CXCR4 ; prognosis ; overall survival ; rectal cancer ; neoadjuvant chemoradiation ; mouse model ; biomarkers ; urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) ; urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) ; plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) ; circulating tumour cell (CTC) ; gastric cancer ; oesophageal cancer ; serine proteases ; tumour microenvironment ; serpins ; biomarker ; chemoresistance ; liquid biopsy ; microRNA ; long non-coding RNA ; colorectal neoplasms ; cancer screening tests ; early detection of cancer ; precision medicine ; unfolded protein ; hepatocellular cancer ; GSVA ; unfolded protein score ; epigenetic regulation genes ; somatic mutations ; molecular genetic markers ; extracellular vesicles ; microbiome ; 16S rRNA amplicon ; metagenomics ; liver fibrosis ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; recurrence ; SHG/TPEF microscopy ; artificial intelligence ; advanced gastric cancer ; targeted therapy ; urinary miRNA ; miR-129-1-3p ; miR-566 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This Special Issue on advanced sensor technologies contains contributions on the latest developments in mobile robotic systems and related research. Various topics with different ideas and applications from mobile robotics have found their place. New ideas are presented for mobile robots that specialise in cleaning floors, power lines and HVAC systems. We also find innovative approaches for navigation path planning using local minima-free potential fields, novel path primitives and/or their parameterisation for minimum-time planning, and various control approaches ranging from visual serving to model predictive and adaptive trajectory tracking, applied to wheeled robots, humanoid manipulators and flying robots. Localisation approaches using LiDAR, motion capture systems, fingerprint-based and biomechanical gait systems are also discussed. In addition to advances in methodology, applications in healthcare, mining tunnels, cleaning, warehouses and other areas are mentioned.
    Keywords: UAVs ; inspection and maintenance ; mobile robots ; insulators ; artificial intelligence ; mobile cleaning robot ; vibration source classification ; predictive maintenance ; deep learning ; 1D CNN ; defect detection ; Faster R-CNN ; object detection ; IoRT ; inspection robot ; navigation ; model predictive control ; path planing ; warehouse automation ; underground mining robots ; scan matching ; localization and SLAM in tunnels ; 2D lidar navigation ; GPS-denied environment ; robot navigation ; path planning ; potential field ; bilinear interpolation ; dynamic local re-planning ; domestic dirt ; dirt dataset ; audit robot ; cleaning benchmark ; dirt classification ; robot-aided cleaning auditing ; geometrical feature ; cleaning auditing ; swarm algorithms ; motion trajectory prediction ; kinematical models ; gait biomechanics ; spherical robot ; model ; simulation ; CoppeliaSim (V-REP) ; visual servoing ; autonomous landing ; monocular vision ; aerial robotics ; localization and SLAM ; 3D lidar ; range sensing ; Uniform Second-Order Sliding Mode Observer ; Prescribed Performance Control ; robot manipulators ; finite-time Stability ; feature detection ; light-weight mapping ; B-splines ; localization ; mobile robot ; complete coverage ; path smoothing ; velocity profile optimization ; humanoid robot ; state estimation ; motion capture ; Whole-Body Control ; ADHD ; screening ; skeleton ; position estimation ; indoor positioning ; sensor fusion ; RSSI ; magnetometer ; fingerprint ; wheeled mobile robots ; trajectory generation ; velocity profile ; trajectory optimization ; Bézier curves ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: This reprint focuses on the research of textile materials for conventional and protective clothing. More than ever, multidisciplinary research applied to the field of new textile materials and new techniques of processing and joining materials is needed. The main research topics of this Special Issue include research and development of new materials and the improvement of their properties, and the mechanical and thermal properties of yarns, materials and clothing. Simulations based on the physical and mechanical properties of fabrics for the purpose of prediction assessment of the appearance and behavior of clothing, as well as 3D virtual garment prototypes using 3D body models and involving 3D human-body scanning, are interesting and significant topics in the field of clothing engineering. The problem of microplastics that are produced during the manufacture or cleaning of synthetic textiles has also been investigated in this Special Issue.
    Keywords: electroconductive material ; polyamide ; silver ; shielding effectiveness ; wet cleaning ; dry cleaning ; polyurethane ; material ; clothing ; mechanical properties ; heat resistance ; woven fabric ; plain weave ; electrically conductive yarn ; resistance ; tensile force ; elongation ; knit ; plain stitch ; multi-filament yarn ; 3D model ; stretching ; air permeability ; fashion design ; textile material ; textile pattern ; thermal camouflage ; biomimetic ; leather ; drape coefficient ; leather rigidity ; drapability ; leather thickness ; kinematic 3D human-body model ; sitting posture ; Blender software ; virtual prototyping ; personalized clothing ; linen fabric ; warp crimp ; calculated crimp ; experimental crimp ; moisture vapor permeability ; ecofriendly fiber ; Tencel ; bamboo ; KES-F7 ; pore diameter ; fabric ; drape ; physical and mechanical properties ; polygonal model ; 3D simulation ; linen/silk fabric ; pilling resistance ; singeing ; pigment and reactive printing ; electrospinning ; nanofibres ; filtration ; particles retention ; multilayer systems ; clothing physiology ; tight-fitting sportswear ; running test on a treadmill ; thermal comfort ; skin temperature ; perspiration ; protective clothing for firefighters ; flame manikin ; fire resistant materials ; flammability of materials ; thermal decomposition ; microplastics ; wastewater ; textiles ; polyester ; polyester ageing ; bibliometric analysis ; research trend ; artificial intelligence ; Web of Science ; 3D printing ; textile applications ; polylactic acid (PLA) ; breaking force ; knee protector ; FR fabric ; printing ; wash fastness ; spectrophotometry ; cotton fabric ; Proban® ; environmentally friendly washing procedure ; flame retardant durability ; MCC ; appearance ; knitted fabric ; cycle load ; elastic limit ; elastane ; hysteresis curve ; socks ; modal ; micro modal ; yarn type ; durability ; comfort ; textile testing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This reprint showcases a selection of bleeding-edge articles about medical image processing and segmentation workflows based on artificial intelligence algorithms. The proposed papers are applied to multiple and different anatomical districts and clinical scenarios.
    Keywords: fundus image ; image registration ; deep learning ; computer vision applications ; nuclei segmentation ; histopathology ; Grad-CAM ; semantic segmentation ; instance segmentation ; nuclei detection ; pap smear ; cervical net ; shuffle net ; canonical correlation analysis (CCA) ; support vector machine (SVM) ; random forest (RF) ; k-nearest neighbour (KNN) ; artificial neural network (ANN) ; dual-energy CT ; two-step method ; limited-angular range ; directional total variation ; PA ; CNN ; tooth disease recognition ; image segmentation ; image preprocessing ; breast cancer ; mitotic nuclei classification ; histopathology images ; artificial hummingbird algorithm ; medical imaging ; cervical cancer ; feature fusion ; feature selection ; deep learning structures ; support vector machine ; disease discrimination accuracy ; performance comparisons ; 2D/3D registration ; orthogonal X-ray ; breast density ; CAD ; image enhancement ; textural ; auto-segmentation ; neuroimaging ; magnetic resonance imaging ; ovarian tumor ; 2D ultrasound image ; image inpainting ; lesion segmentation ; attention mechanism ; GAN ; medical image analysis ; synthetic CT ; MRI guidance ; MRI-only ; image-guided radiotherapy ; carbon ion radiotherapy ; particle therapy ; rare tumor ; PCNSL ; radiomics ; image normalization ; MRI ; prostate cancer ; prostate segmentation ; U-Net ; mp-MRI ; loss function ; automatic volume measurement ; ultrasound bladder scanner ; edge computing ; urinary disease ; artificial intelligence ; mandible ; segmentation ; 3D virtual reconstruction ; CBCT ; CT ; Convolutional Neural Networks ; comparison ; in-house ; software ; patch size ; Cranio-Maxillofacial surgery ; DICOM ; osteoarthritis ; histopathological ; hematoxylin eosin ; safranin O fast green ; DarkNet-19 ; MobileNet ; NasNet ; ResNet-101 ; ShuffleNet ; PCA ; ALO ; ensemble learning ; OCT ; pyramidal network ; scale-adaptive ; teeth segmentation ; panoramic radiographs ; mask-transformer-based networks ; panoptic segmentation ; tuberous sclerosis complex ; children ; convolutional neural network ; multi-contrast MRI ; rare neurodevelopmental disorder ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 15
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This Special Issue is intended to lay the foundation of AI applications focusing on oral health, including general dentistry, periodontology, implantology, oral surgery, oral radiology, orthodontics, and prosthodontics, among others.
    Keywords: machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; malocclusion ; diagnostic imaging ; active learning ; maxillary sinusitis ; convolutional neural network ; deep learning ; segmentation ; oral microbiota ; LEfSe ; PCoA ; alloprevotella ; prevotella ; core microbiota ; artificial neural networks ; oral cancer diagnosis ; oral cancer prediction ; pit and fissure sealants ; caries assessment ; visual examination ; clinical evaluation ; convolutional neural networks ; transfer learning ; deep learning network ; YOLOv4 ; mandibular third molar ; inferior alveolar nerve ; contact relationship ; panoramic radiograph ; deep learning methods ; caries diagnosis ; dental panoramic images ; radiography ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; FTIR imaging ; spectral biomarker ; multivariate analysis ; discriminant model ; oral squamous cell carcinoma ; oral epithelial dysplasia ; oral potentially malignant disorder ; risk stratification ; early oral cancer detection ; dentigerous cysts ; histopathology images ; image classification ; odontogenic keratocysts ; radicular cysts ; AI ; screening ; diagnosis ; dentistry ; ultrasonography ; tongue ; algorithm ; dysphagia ; impacted ; tooth ; detection ; neural networks ; proximal caries ; training strategy ; small dataset ; periapical radiograph ; X-ray ; tooth extraction ; oroantral fistula ; operative planning ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 16
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This Special Issue aims to update the current evidence and challenging topics centred around the diagnosis and management of ocular diseases. We gather ten original research articles and two literature reviews on recent efforts aimed toward the discovery of novel findings in different ocular research areas, including orbital, lacrimal, and eyelid disease, as well as glaucoma, retinal disease, myopia, and corneal disease.
    Keywords: hyperthyroidism ; strabismus ; orbital decompression surgery ; artificial intelligence ; blepharoptosis ; general practitioners ; computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) ; optical coherence tomography ; diabetic macular edema ; antivascular endothelial growth factors ; vitreomacular interface abnormality ; eye ; optometry ; sEMG ; eyeball length ; retinal ; choroidal ; intraocular pressure ; USG ; masticatory muscles ; myopia ; hydrogel scleral buckles ; retinal detachment ; glaucoma ; anterior orbitotomy ; orbital muscle volume ; increased orbital muscle ; orbital muscle enlargement ; orbit volumetry ; Graves’ orbitopathy ; Graves’ disease ; dysthyroid optic neuropathy ; orbital decompression ; OCT-A ; neovascularization ; AMD ; anti-VEGF ; vascular remodeling ; personalized ; approach ; glaucomatous optic neuropathy ; glutamate ; optic nerve protection ; infectious keratitis ; corneal ulcer ; Photoactivated Chromophore Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking ; PACK-CXL ; IgG4-related ophthalmic disease ; IgG4-related disease ; serum IgG4 ; corticosteroids ; balloon dacryocystoplasty ; monocanalicular intubation ; Masterka tube ; nasolacrimal duct obstruction ; silicone tube intubation ; circadian IOP fluctuation ; contact lens sensor ; ripasudil ; n/a ; achromatopsia ; cone ; low vision aids ; quality of life ; personalised ophthalmology ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 17
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This reprint contains fourteen chosen articles on robust design optimization of electrical machines and devices. Optimization is essential for the research and design of electromechanical devices, especially electrical machines. Finding optimal solutions may lead to cheaper and more efficient production of electrical machines. However, optimizing such a complex system as an electrical machine is a computationally expensive optimization problem, where many physical domains should be considered together. However, a good, practical design should be insensitive to parameter changes and the manufacturing tolerances. The collected papers show how modern artificial intelligence (AI) tools can be used for the robust design optimization of electric machines and electrical devices. The articles which are published in this Special Issue present the latest results of current research fields. Hopefully, the presented models and various application fields will provide useful information for researchers and professionals interested in these techniques themselves or who have other problems from different fields.
    Keywords: design optimization ; genetic algorithms ; Taguchi designs ; electromagnetic coupling ; additive manufacturing ; dynamic performance ; equivalent circuit model ; finite-element method ; linear induction motor ; longitudinal end effect ; transverse edge effect ; DLIM ; equivalent circuit ; end effect ; thrust ; finite element ; insulation core transformer ; non-uniformity of disk output voltage ; load regulation ; voltage compensation ; dummy primary winding ; PSO algorithm ; PMSM ; analytical method ; perturbation theory ; torque ; torque ripple ; rotor eccentricity ; optimization ; electrical machines ; finite element method ; nuclear power plant ; thermal degradation ; thermal-mechanical aging ; low-voltage cables ; polymer degradation ; dielectric spectroscopy ; hardness ; hairpin windings ; multi-objective optimizations ; Finite Element Method ; Lumped Parameter Model ; Permanent Magnet Synchronous Reluctance Motor ; rotor flux barrier ; torque development ; Aurivillius phases ; Bi3−xNdxTi1.5W0.5O9 ; activation energy Ea ; Curie temperature TC ; artificial intelligence ; optimization techniques ; self-organizing map ; power quality ; wind generation ; upgraded insulant ; ester oil-based nano fluids ; thermal conductivity ; relative viscosity ; nanoparticles effect ; alternative fluid ; temperature change ; model predictive control ; hysteresis current control ; execution time ; synchronous reluctance motors ; antenna array ; synthesis control ; quantized control ; array factor ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNB Energy industries and utilities
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The Special Issue constitutes the collection of the selected papers, which results were presented during the XVIII Conference on Automation, Operation and Maintenance of Control and Communication Systems ASMOR 2022. The conference took place in Władysławowo (Poland) on 12-14 October 2022. The scope of the conference was mainly focused on automation and exploitation aspects of the control and communications systems. In order to meet the highest quality standards for published papers, only the articles selected by the ASMOR Scientific Committee and the Electronics Editors were qualified for an extensive reviewing process.
    Keywords: NIR DLP spectroscopy ; reflectance time-non-stable spectra ; artificial neural network ; SLAM ; 3D mapping ; mobile robot ; underground inspection ; evolutionary neural networks ; hill climb ; control ; classification ; collision avoidance ; path planning ; obstacle detection ; autonomous underwater vehicle ; artificial intelligence ; autonomous navigation ; autonomous navigation system ; maneuver auto-negotiation ; multi-agent system ; obstacle avoidance ; real-time path planning ; unmanned surface vehicle ; LTE ; NB-IoT ; reception quality indicators ; data concentrator ; robotic deburring ; machining ; machining parameters ; pneumatic tools ; industrial robots ; optical scanner ; programming ; neural decision-making system ; communication ; robot ; laser tracker ; design of robotic system ; measurement in robotics ; signal analyzer ; tune master ; test signal viewer ; robot monitoring ; attitude ; aircraft ; UAV ; fixed-wing ; quaternions ; Euler angles ; avionics ; UWA channel ; impulse response ; underwater communication ; signal propagation ; channel stationarity ; chirp signal ; biomimetic underwater vehicle ; depth controller ; genetic algorithms ; particle swarm optimization ; Pareto optimization ; magnetic launcher ; levitation force ; dynamics modeling ; numerical simulation ; automation of control systems ; operation and maintenance of control systems ; automation of communication systems ; operation and maintenance of communication systems ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 19
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This reprint contains a Special Issue of the MDPI journal Machines on Italian advances in mechanism and machines science through a collection of selected papers from the Fourth International Conference of IFToMM Italy, IFIT 2022. The included papers belong to a broad range of disciplines in MMS, with research and design results that can be of interest not only to scholars in the field of MMS and mechanical engineering but also to professionals and even students, broadening their understanding of the problems and solutions under development, mainly, but not only, from the Italian community.
    Keywords: precision agriculture ; mobile manipulation ; motion planning ; analytic Jacobian ; inverse kinematics ; manipulability ; history of mms ; italian history of mechanism design ; models of mechanisms ; history of teaching ; italian mechanism collections ; kinematics ; planar mechanism ; instant center ; singular configuration ; machine design ; drone-based package delivery ; UAV transportation ; embedded payload ; packaging ; quick-release system ; hypoid gears ; friction ; wear ; elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication ; automatic machines ; planar parallel mechanism ; five bar linkage ; design optimization ; vibration reduction ; lightweight gears ; finite-element analysis ; multibody simulation ; design space exploration ; transmission error ; squeeze film damper ; seal instability ; rotor dynamics ; lubrication ; UGVs ; reconfigurable robots ; mechatronic design ; field robotics ; path and trajectory planning ; rollover detection ; heavy vehicles ; off-road applications ; predictive algorithms ; artificial intelligence ; load transfer ratio ; gas micro-turbine ; discriminant analysis ; vibrational analysis ; diesel blends ; kerosene ; biofuel ; statistical index ; accelerometer ; confusion matrix ; Cohen’s kappa ; human-robot collaboration ; human-in-the-loop ; virtual reality ; obstacle avoidance ; configuration-dependent substructuring ; dynamics of linkages ; three-points linkage ; vibrations ; feeding ; rotary device ; functional synthesis ; mechanical design ; applied mechanics ; tribology ; Boundary Elements Methods ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials
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  • 20
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Otorhinolaryngology and head and neck specialists worldwide face an increasing incidence and prevalence of various pathologies, some of the cases neglecting the evolution of their condition during the period of COVID-19 pandemics, thus aggravating their evolution. This Special Issue contains reviews and selected rare case series to update the protocols of ENT and allied specialists worldwide. The aim was to present an interdisciplinary point of view of the numerous branches of pathology that form the otorhinolaryngology specialty.
    Keywords: Otorhinolaryngology ; pathology ; imaging ; surgery ; treatment ; oncology ; apnea ; allergy ; artificial intelligence ; interdisciplinary ; ear ; cochlear implant.
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Our era is characterized by two major phenomena. On the one hand, we are confronted by climate and environmental crises constituted by, among others, changing weather patterns, loss of biodiversity and natural wildlife, and ecosystem degradation. On the other hand, we are experiencing an ongoing technological evolution culminating in the rise of artificial intelligence (AI). The popular notion of “AI for Sustainability” constitutes an attempt to connect these two phenomena in a beneficial way by using AI to alleviate climate and environmental worries. AI is increasingly being used in the analysis, mitigation, and prevention of the climate and environmental crises and their effects. Much less attention has been paid to the idea of the “Sustainability of AI”, which focusses on the materiality of AI technologies themselves. Indeed, what are the hidden costs of AI? Although we use AI in combatting the climate and environmental crises, does it not have its own contributions to these crises? And, if so, how do we account for these contributions? The Special Issue is the first attempt to address the topic of “Sustainable AI” from a multi-disciplinary perspective. The authors that contributed to this issue come from diverse fields such as philosophy, ethics, sociology, law, and engineering. The included papers represent the first steps in understanding what it means to tackle the climate and environmental crises with AI while refraining from aggravating these crises.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; Sustainable Development Goals ; ESG ; CSR ; reporting ; disclosure ; sustainability ; sustainable AI ; greenwashing ; unfair commercial practices ; AI Act ; digitalization ; sustainable digitalization ; sustainable development ; SDGs ; Assessment Framework ; mindful ; digital age ; digitainability ; digital technologies ; qualitative research ; environmental impact ; carboncentric ; technocentric ; surrogate-based optimisation ; surrogate model ; sequential model-based optimisation ; Bayesian optimisation ; Green AI ; machine learning ; intergenerational justice ; future generations ; policy-making ; explainability ; transparency ; AI ; AI governance ; ethics ; ethical AI ; differential privacy ; AI certification ; ethics of AI ; AI ethics ; checklist ethics ; ethics of carefulness ; ethics of desirability ; climate justice ; infrastructure ; climate change ; nudging ; digital nudging ; libertarian paternalism ; autonomy ; carbon footprint ; LCA ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The increasing partial pressure of atmospheric CO2 (pCO2) is reducing surface ocean pH, a process known as ocean acidification (OA) This results in a reduced saturation of the seawater with respect to the CaCO3 polymorphs aragonite, high-Mg calcite, and low-Mg calcite that are involved in the biological formation of calcareous skeletons and shells. The effect of OA on calcium carbonate precipitation and the subsequent dissolution in carbonate depositional systems, such as coral reefs, is a hotly debated topic. While early studies suggested that certain carbonate-secreting organism groups may be strongly affected by OA or may even become extinct, others observed highly variable, species-specific responses to OA, whereby some taxa are negatively affected, some are positively affected, and others are unaffected. The collection of articles presented in this Special Issue presents ongoing research into the effects of OA on calcareous biomineralization while introducing some new questions and provocative hypotheses. The continued investigation of these concepts should advance our understanding of the mechanisms of biocalcification and improve predictions of how future CO2-induced changes in marine and freshwater systems will impact calcifying organisms, as well as the ecosystems they comprise, in the decades and centuries ahead.
    Keywords: biomineralization ; calcification ; Mytilus edulis ; Mytilus trossulus ; predator-prey interactions ; coral reefs ; coral recruits ; skeletal structure ; synchrotron phase contrast-enhanced microCT ; PCE-CT ; artificial intelligence ; ocean acidification ; n/a ; ocean warming ; echinoderm ; starfish ; mineralogy ; skeleton ; freshwater acidification ; freshwater calcifier ; carbon dioxide ; Lake Tahoe ; Caribbean ; coral ; pH regulation ; boron isotopes ; B/Ca ; carbon isotopes ; photosynthesis ; bleaching ; symbiont ; microelectrode ; global warming ; calcifying fluid ; scleractinian coral ; zooxanthellate photosymbiont ; phosphate ; nutrient limitation ; Archaean ; Proterozoic ; cyanobacteria ; calcareous algae ; coccolithophores ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: The book is the reprint of the Special Issue 'Advances in Sustainable and Digitalized Factories: Manufacturing, Measuring Technologies and Systems' published in the journal Applied Science (MDPI). It contains 17 articles, including 1 Editorial, 14 Research Papers, and 2 Reviews.
    Keywords: Industry 4.0 ; continuous improvement ; lean manufacturing ; lean production systems ; lean 4.0 ; systematic literature review ; tiny RFID ; metallic electromagnetic isolation ; analog manometer ; Ansys HFSS simulator ; passive digitization ; ontology ; production simulation ; multi-agent ; digital twin ; augmented reality ; industry 4.0 ; quality 4.0 ; metrology ; assembly ; turbine blades ; re-manufacturing ; uncertainty ; robust scheduling ; case-based reasoning ; failure mode ; effect and criticality analysis ; knowledge-based system ; nearest neighbor ; reliability-centered maintenance ; virtual reality ; cyber physical system ; OPC UA ; CAD ; industrial IoT ; prototyping ; retrofitting solutions ; embedded solutions ; low-cost ; value chain ; additive manufacturing ; subtractive manufacturing ; cost comparison ; plant simulation ; technology comparison ; hybrid dependability modelling ; production scheduling ; dynamic failure rate ; discrete event simulation ; time-driven simulation ; machine learning ; manufacturing ; artificial intelligence ; smart manufacturing ; digitization ; smart surface ; friction force field ; under-actuation ; feeding ; simulation ; material flow handling ; intralogistics ; robotic bin-picking ; simulation model ; ADAMS ; pick-point determination ; MATLAB/Simulink ; 2-F robotic gripper ; performance analysis ; plastic injection molding ; design of experiments ; process optimization ; facility layout problem ; evolutionary algorithms ; numerical modeling ; multi-objective optimization ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: As the crime of human trafficking/modern slavery is multifaceted, collaborating to counter it across sectors, disciplines, regions, and from local to international levels is widely understood to be of utmost importance. However, the processes of organizing and leading robust collaborations are complex and challenging, and to be sustainable, such processes must result in both positive outcomes for the collaborating partners and demonstrable progress toward countering human trafficking. Despite a growing body of published research on anti-trafficking collaboration, many aspects of it remain understudied. In this Special Issue of Societies, researchers and collaboration leaders in the anti-trafficking field share research findings and evidence-supported practices on how to conceptualize, catalyze, and support collaboration to generate and sustain constructive impacts.
    Keywords: perceptions ; human trafficking ; interagency collaboration ; challenges ; collaboration ; investigations ; law enforcement ; private investigation agencies ; multi-disciplinary team ; sustainability planning ; nonprofit engagement ; community-based participatory research (CBPR) ; anti-trafficking ; antislavery ; multi-agency partnership ; problem profile ; resilience ; task force ; community-based responses ; collaborative response model ; sex trafficking ; DMST ; juvenile justice ; labor trafficking ; anti-human trafficking ; artificial intelligence ; augmented intelligence ; demand reduction ; prostitution ; technology ; labor exploitation ; intervention framework ; agent-based models ; disruption ; worker centers ; well-being economy ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The delicate balance of resource intensity and efficiency of a solution for a very complex problem raises the issue of how these aspects constitute a symmetrical or asymmetrical system. Computational Intelligence (CI) offers a plethora of efficient tools for the potential and rather good quality solution of highly complex, often mathematically intractable problems. This "toolbox" is one of the best examples for the study of the above mentioned issue, namely, how to find the best balance, how to establish a symmetry of weights or costs in a particular field, for a particular problem. This special issue presents a number of interesting novel applications of CI for the tackling of a wide variety of difficult problems. The Introduction gives a short insight into the symmetry and asymmetry aspect of the topic.
    Keywords: lung nodule segmentation ; 3D-UNet ; 3D-Res2UNet ; multi-scale features ; deep learning ; butterfly optimization algorithm (BOA) ; particle swarm optimization (PSO) ; cubic map ; nonlinear ; high dimension ; extensional fuzzy numbers ; MI-algebras ; similarity ; arithmetics of fuzzy numbers ; orderings ; fuzzy interpolation ; economic data ; air defense system ; artificial immune system ; command and control ; learning classifier system ; multi-agent systems ; weapon-target assignment ; energy optimization ; genetic algorithms ; multi-objective optimization ; artificial neural network simulator ; artificial intelligence ; artificial bee colony algorithm ; global optimization ; neural network ; nonlinear static system ; behavioural finance ; imprecision ; oriented fuzzy number ; oriented present value ; oriented return ; S-divergence ; S-distance ; spectral clustering ; text summarization ; recurrent neural network ; embedding ; dynamic memory network ; fuzzy-rough cognitive network ; fuzzy cognitive map ; granular computing ; fuzzy-rough sets ; stability ; convergence ; discrete bacterial memetic evolutionary algorithm ; simulated annealing ; flow shop scheduling problem ; global sensitivity analysis ; Sobol procedure ; fast algorithm ; convolutional neural network ; structure reduction ; pruning ; quality ; feature selection ; machine learning ; asexual ; genetic algorithm ; android malicious application detection ; bees algorithm ; training deep neural networks ; metaheuristics ; opinion mining ; recurrent neural networks ; sentiment classification ; natural language processing ; data augmentation ; fine-tuning ; generative models ; StyleGAN ; transfer learning ; present value ; discount factor ; portfolio ; finance ; optimization ; tourist trip design ; vehicle routing ; key performance indicator (KPI) ; anomaly detection ; variational auto-encoder (VAE) ; support vector data description (SVDD) ; FMEA ; Fuzzy Logic ; greenhouse gases ; blockchain ; difficulty adjustment ; proof-of-work ; ANN ; AlexNet ; COVID-19 ; TSA ; commonsense ; knowledge graph ; linguistic terms ; language models ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: "Health and Public Health Applications for Decision Support Using Machine Learning" is a reprint that explores the intersection of machine learning and health sciences. It presents a collection of research and innovations showcasing how data-driven algorithms can transform patient care, disease diagnosis, and public health management. The reprint covers a wide range of topics, including natural language processing for biomedical relation extraction, ensemble learning for blood glucose level forecasting in diabetes management, machine learning for predicting walking stability and fall risk among the elderly, deep learning for pneumonia-infected lung volume quantification, and more.The reprint also discusses applications in precision medicine, early detection of renal damage, cardiac health monitoring, stress classification for mental health assessment, and early diagnosis of intracranial internal carotid artery stenosis. It emphasizes the role of machine learning in managing health crises, such as COVID-19 detection using ECG, voice, and X-ray systems, and reviews AI models in diagnosing adult-onset dementia disorders.Overall, this reprint aims to inspire researchers and healthcare professionals by showcasing the transformative potential of machine learning in healthcare. It hopes to encourage further research and collaboration to advance healthcare and technological innovations for a healthier future.
    Keywords: adult-onset dementia ; Alzheimer’s disease ; magnetic resonance imaging ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; neural networks ; atherosclerosis ; Doppler ultrasound ; internal carotid artery ; hemodynamic modeling ; stroke ; stress ; emotion ; action units ; speech ; audio visual ; RNN-LSTM ; petri-plates ; colonies ; machine-learning models ; discrimination ; Measurement uncertainty ; Monte Carlo method ; ECG ; Cardiac health ; COVID-19 ; signal processing ; image processing ; computerized diagnostic systems ; subclinical renal damage ; risk assessment tool ; group-based trajectory modeling ; screening strategy ; CVD classification ; data selection ; convolutional neural network ; pretrained model ; deep learning ; transfer learning ; infected lung segmentation ; quantification of lung disease severity ; comparison between manual and automated image segmentation ; deep neural network ; COVID-19 detection ; COVID-19 severity assessment ; gait ; neuromuscular control ; movement synergy ; overground walking ; principal component analysis (PCA) ; largest Lyapunov exponent (LyE) ; time-series forecasting ; blood glucose ; diabetes ; ensemble learning ; artificial neural network ; DDI (drug–drug interaction) ; CPR (chemical–protein relation) ; transformer ; self-attention ; GAT (graph-attention network) ; relation extraction ; ChemProt ; T5 (text-to-text transfer transformer) ; n/a
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint focuses on new trials related to cataract surgery, intraocular lens power calculations for cataracts after refractive surgery, problems related to high myopia, toric IOL power calculations, etc. Intraoperative use of the 3D Viewing System and OCT, studies on the spectacle dependence of EDOF, IOL fixation status and visual function, and dry eye after FLAC are also discussed. Proteomic analysis of aqueous humor proteins is also discussed.
    Keywords: aqueous humor ; label free ; cataract ; risk factor ; proteomics ; alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein ; fetuin-A ; IOL power calculation after LASIK ; no-history method ; cataract surgery ; anterior–posterior ratio of the corneal radius of the curvature ; axial length ; conditional process analysis ; effective lens position ; intraocular lens power calculation ; tilted microscope positions ; 3D viewing system ; patients unable to lie flat ; n/a ; toric intraocular lens ; cataract surgery workflow ; efficiency ; refractive surgery ; refractive lens exchange ; clear lens exchange ; visual quality ; contrast sensitivity ; scleral fixation ; intraocular lens ; anterior segment OCT ; intraoperative OCT ; surgical technique ; SMILE ; IOL calculation ; ray tracing ; artificial intelligence ; EDOF ; presbyopia ; multifocal lens ; photic phenomena ; IOL accuracy ; high myope ; high axial length ; Caucasian ; Kane ; Barrett ; EVO ; Hill-RBF ; Holladay 1 ; SRK/T ; dry eye ; femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) ; phacoemulsification ; cornea ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The present reprint, “Causal Inference for Heterogeneous Data and Information Theory”, is a special issue of Journal Entropy. This Special Issue belongs to the section "Information Theory, Probability, and Statistics". The reprint gathers thirteen original contributions of leading experts in the theory of causal inference, focusing namely on the utilization of instrumental variables in a causal model, estimation of average treatment effect, the role of interventions in causal models, graphical causal modeling, causal algebras, causal modeling using the theory of categories, temporal causal model, heterogeneous data, and information–theoretic approaches.
    Keywords: common hidden cause ; graphical models ; probabilistic models ; Chain Event Graphs ; interventions ; causal calculus ; causal fairness ; responsible data science ; causal discovery ; Hawkes process ; high-dimensional statistics ; hidden confounder ; causality ; Bitcoin ; inflation ; yield spreads ; approximation theory ; Hellinger distance ; Kullback–Leibler divergence ; correct specification ; misspecified models ; causal inference ; instrumental variables ; neural networks ; doubly robust estimation ; semi-parametric theory ; instrumental variable ; causal graph ; non-Gaussianity ; causal graphs ; dynamic systems ; causal learning ; time ; continuous ; event cognition ; econometrics software ; causal machine learning ; statistical learning ; conditional average treatment effects ; individualized treatment effects ; multiple treatments ; selection-on-observables ; piecewise linear ; thresholds model ; causal Inference ; regularization ; BART ; Stan ; machine learning ; heterogeneous treatment effects ; multilevel data ; grouped data ; artificial intelligence ; higher-order category theory ; statistics ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: This reprint discussed the role of retinal and optic nerve imaging in addition to its application in ophthalmic diseases and clinical medicine. It includes some high-quality articles containing original research results as well as review articles of exceptional merit.
    Keywords: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment ; optical coherence tomography angiography ; vitrectomy ; foveal avascular zone ; macular vessel density ; Boswellia serrata ; curcumin ; diabetic macular edema ; celiac disease ; OCT ; optical coherence tomography ; retinal layers ; RNFL ; quality of life ; canaloplasty ; trabeculectomy ; medical therapy ; central serous chorioretinopathy ; pachychoroid ; en face optical coherence tomography ; choroid ; choroidal vascularity index ; oculomics ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; deep learning ; retinal imaging ; color fundus photograph ; systemic diseases ; cardiovascular diseases ; neurodegenerative diseases ; COVID ; SARS-CoV-2 ; retinal vein occlusion ; RVO ; vaccination ; branch retinal vein occlusion ; optic disc drusen ; visible optic disc drusen ; deep convolutional neural network ; DCNN ; inceptionv3 ; dyslexia ; reading ; retina ; macula ; fovea ; parafovea ; perifovea ; thickness ; segmentation ; Best disease ; choroideremia ; inherited retinal diseases ; retinitis pigmentosa ; Stargardt disease ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Speech is the most spontaneous and natural means of communication, as well as the preferred modality for interacting with mobile or fixed electronic devices, but speech in-terfaces have drawbacks, such as a lack of user privacy; non-inclusivity for certain users; poor robustness in noisy conditions; and the difficulty of creating complex man–machine interfaces. The Special Issue “Future Speech Interfaces with Sensors and Machine Intelligence” assembles eleven contributions that cover multimodal and silent speech interfaces; lip reading applications; novel sensors for speech interfaces; and enhanced speech inclusivity tools for future speech interfaces. The articles make important improvements beyond the state of the art, advancing the state of the art to new frontiers in some cases. Short summaries of all articles, grouped by topic, are presented, followed by a global commentary and evaluation.
    Keywords: neural machine translation (NMT) ; transformer ; Arabic dialects ; modern standard Arabic ; subword units ; multi-head attention ; shared vocabulary ; self-attention ; 3D densely connected CNN ; 3D multi-layer feature fusion CNN ; convolutional neural network ; deep learning ; lipreading ; speech recognition ; visual speech recognition ; silent speech ; continuous-wave radar ; European Portuguese ; machine learning ; multimodal speech ; lip reading ; ultrasound tongue imaging ; pose estimation ; speech kinematics ; keypoints ; landmarks ; audio-visual speech recognition ; lip-reading ; application programming interface ; multi-modal interaction ; deep neural networks ; multi-view VSR ; attention mechanism ; spatial attention module ; local self-attention ; connectionist temporal classification ; text-to-lip ; speech synthesis ; text-to-speech ; speech-to-lip ; zero-shot adaptation ; generative models ; artificial intelligence ; objective measures ; hybrid models ; end-to-end recognition ; reliability measures ; decision fusion net ; articulation-to-speech synthesis ; silent speech interface ; speaker adaption ; voice conversion ; audiovisual speech recognition ; multimodal interaction ; edutainment ; virtual aquarium ; speech processing ; ultrasound imaging ; silent speech interfaces ; speech sensors ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The motivation for the present reprint is to provide an overview of novel applications of AI methods to industrial control systems by means of selected best practices in highlighting how such methodologies can be used to improve the production systems self-learning capacities, their overall performance, the related process and product quality, the optimal use of resources and the industrial systems safety, and resilience to varying boundary conditions and production requests. By means of its seven scientific contributions, the present reprint illustrates the increasing added value of the introduction of AI methods for improving the performance of control solutions with reference to different control and automation problems in different industrial applications and sectors, ranging from single manipulators or small unmanned ground vehicles up to complex manufacturing. Additionally, the role of AI to improve the performance of relevant engineering methodologies and digital instruments, such as cyberphysical systems, digital twins, and human–robot collaboration, are also effectively addressed in the included contributions.
    Keywords: policy iteration ; uncertain nonlinear system ; robust control ; adaptive optimal control ; digital twin ; human robot collaboration ; reconfiguration ; interoperability ; industry 4.0 ; manufacturing execution system ; cyber-physical production system ; OPC UA ; reinforcement learning ; decentralized control ; multi-agent ; continuous control ; robotic grasping ; policy optimization ; multi-dimensional Taylor network ; predictive control ; nonlinear system ; SUGV ; predictive model ; NARX-ANN-based models ; modified SP controller design ; irrigation main canal pool automation ; system identification ; management of water resources ; control systems ; industrial automation ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; self-learning machine tools ; adaptive production systems ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The Special Issue entitled “Pediatric and adolescent nephrology facing the future: diagnostic advances and prognostic biomarkers in everyday practice” contains articles written in the era when COVID-19 had not yet been a major clinical problem in children. Now that we know its multifaceted clinical course, complications concerning the kidneys, and childhood-specific post-COVID pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS), the value of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in the pediatric area should be appreciated, and their importance ought to increase.
    Keywords: chronic kidney disease ; cytokines ; solitary functioning kidney ; tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis ; netrin-1 ; renal tubular damage ; premature newborns ; overactive bladder ; urinary microbiome ; children ; adolescents ; cystatin C ; galectin-3 ; periostin ; primary hypertension ; arterial damage ; blood pressure ; neurogenic bladder ; myelomeningocele ; markers ; furosemide stress test ; hyperfiltration ; [IGFBP-7] × [TIMP-2] ; NGAL ; renal angina index ; renal functional reserve ; tubular damage ; tubuloglomerular feedback ; neurotrophins ; transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation ; hemopexin ; nephrotic syndrome ; HNF1B ; hyperuricemia ; PTH ; renal function ; uric acid ; FEUA ; sclerostin ; obesity ; childhood ; dental caries ; gingivitis ; kidney injury ; glomerulopathy ; glomerular injury ; alpha-1 acid glycoprotein ; urinary mRNA expression of podocyte-associated proteins ; cathepsin B ; premature neonates ; immaturity ; NT-proBNP ; cardiovascular disease ; common carotid artery intima-media thickness ; bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 ; bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-6 ; extracellular matrix metalloproteinases inducer (EMMPRIN) ; macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) ; tubular functional reserve ; cytokeratin-18 ; endoglin ; transforming growth factor-β1 ; renal fibrosis ; congenital obstructive nephropathy ; diabetic kidney disease ; vascular endothelial markers ; eGFR ; adenine nucleotide metabolites ; chronic renal failure ; antibiotic resistance ; Escherichia coli ; inflammatory markers ; urinary tract infection ; B2M ; cancer ; CCS ; CKD ; nephropathies ; renal toxicity ; voiding cystography ; infection ; urinary tract ; IgA nephropathy ; IgA vasculitis with nephritis ; vanin-1 ; biomarker ; urinary tract infections ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; medical decision support system ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In recent decades, metals have been considered promising materials in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Metallic bio-materials with excellent mechanical strength can effectively support and replace damaged tissue. Hence, metals have been widely used in load-bearing applications for dentistry and orthopedics. Cobalt-, iron-, and titanium (Ti)-based alloys are representative bio-metals, which are used in various forms, such as vascular stents, hip joints, dental, and orthopedic implants. However, the alloying elements of Co- and Fe-based alloys, Co, Ni, and Cr, induce severe toxicity when ionized in the body, which limits their clinical use. However, Ti and its alloys have been widely used as medical devices and implants, with dental and orthopedic applications due to their excellent bone-regeneration ability, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance. Even though Ti and its alloys have generally been used for biomedical applications, there are still challenges that must be met to satisfy their clinical application. For example, osseointegration with the surrounding bone tissue at the initial stage of implantation has been pointed to as a major issue. This Special Issue, “Titanium and Its Alloys for Biomedical Applications”, has been proposed to present recent developments in biomedical applications. The nine research articles included in this Special Issue cover broad aspects of Ti-based alloys and composites with respect to their composition, mechanical, and biological properties, as highlighted in this editorial.
    Keywords: metal–matrix composites ; titanium alloy design ; microstructures ; mechanical properties ; biocomposites ; powder metallurgy ; high power impulse magnetron sputtering ; zinc oxide ; tantalum oxide ; thin film ; plasma electrolytic oxidation ; antibacterial ; biocompatibility ; ultraprecision magnetic abrasive finishing (UPMAF) ; environmentally friendly oil ; Ni-Ti stent wire ; surface roughness (Ra) ; removed diameter (RD) ; Ti alloys ; martensitic transformation ; recoverable strain ; synchrotron X-ray diffraction ; Ti6Al4V ; centrifugal casting ; ion implantation ; human osteoblast ; grade V titanium ; mini transitional implants ; narrow diameter implant ; backscattered electrons ; Ti-based biomaterials ; toxicity ; β-phase ; ω-phase ; CALPHAD ; artificial intelligence ; deep learning artificial neural network (DLANN) ; self-organizing maps (SOM) ; titanium ; surface treatment ; HA blasting ; sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) ; anodic oxidation (AO) ; micro-arc oxidation (MAO) ; graphene oxide ; electrophoretic deposition ; implant ; biomolecule ; complex ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: This topic has been successfully completed. A total of 180 scientific articles were sent, of which 66 have been accepted for publication. These 66 articles are published in this reprint.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; expert systems ; machine learning ; deep learning ; modeling ; prediction ; probabilistic models ; prediction models ; sustainable mobility ; smart cities ; smart grids ; sustainable energy systems ; renewable energy sources ; nonrenewable energy sources ; electrical storage ; green hydrogen ; sustainable greenhouses ; wind ; microgrids ; tidal ; solar ; biomass ; power network ; solar thermal ; solar photovoltaic ; hydraulics ; ANN ; neural networks, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms ; hybrid models based on artificial intelligence ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Digital health, virtual assistance, and telemedicine are terms often used interchangeably to refer to remote medical assistance, monitoring and care. Several studies and insights have developed these issues, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages and successes and failures and offering reflections on the implications and issues of these technologies in the health domain. The results of these investigations are affecting the redesign of hospital and outpatient management based on digital innovation using eHealth and mHealth. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this approach made it possible to offer assistance and continue care at home, protecting patients, preserving health workers, limiting the spread of the virus, and reducing the need for hospitalization. This reprint contains contributions dealing with the development of DH during the COVID-19 pandemic. The contributions are from various experts in different fields regarding the application of digital health, which, in some cases is also integrated with artificial intelligence, including digital contact tracing, mHealth, virtual reality, mental health, physiology, and rehabilitation.
    Keywords: n/a ; digital contact tracing ; IMMUNI app ; COVID-19 ; students ; digital care visit ; online consultation ; medical staff ; healthcare personnel ; user experience ; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ; brain tumor ; machine learning ; digital health ; e-health ; pandemic ; physical activity ; performance evaluation ; eHealth ; self-care ; chronic diseases ; mental health ; mindfulness ; mobile health ; social isolation ; mental stress ; feature selection ; artificial intelligence ; human health ; lock down ; normative activation model ; COVID-19 prevention ; prevention intention ; IoT ; obesity ; classification ; regression ; real-time system ; COVID-19 pandemic ; contact tracing ; CNN ; chest X-ray images ; hybrid learning ; computer-aided diagnosis ; remote psychotherapy ; psychotherapy via telephone ; psychotherapy via videoconferencing ; tele-health ; e-mental-health ; psychotherapy ; qualitative psychotherapy research ; mixed-methods psychotherapy research ; exergaming ; breast neoplasms ; physical function ; telehealth ; (d)health literacy ; health literacy ; health intervention ; health strategy ; medical data ; medical imaging ; data classification ; image detection ; YOLOv4 ; logistic regression ; AI ; deep learning ; chatbot ; health ; health domain ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBP Health systems & services::MBPK Mental health services
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The reprint focuses on artificial intelligence-based learning approaches and their applications in remote sensing fields. The explosive development of machine learning, deep learning approaches and its wide applications in signal processing have been witnessed in remote sensing. The new developments in remote sensing have led to a high resolution monitoring of ground on a global scale, giving a huge amount of ground observation data. Thus, artificial intelligence-based deep learning approaches and its applied signal processing are required for remote sensing. These approaches can be universal or specific tools of artificial intelligence, including well known neural networks, regression methods, decision trees, etc. It is worth compiling the various cutting-edge techniques and reporting on their promising applications.
    Keywords: pine wilt disease dataset ; GIS application visualization ; test-time augmentation ; object detection ; hard negative mining ; video synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ; moving target ; shadow detection ; deep learning ; false alarms ; missed detections ; synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ; on-board ; ship detection ; YOLOv5 ; lightweight detector ; remote sensing image ; spectral domain translation ; generative adversarial network ; paired translation ; synthetic aperture radar ; ship instance segmentation ; global context modeling ; boundary-aware box prediction ; land-use and land-cover ; built-up expansion ; probability modelling ; landscape fragmentation ; machine learning ; support vector machine ; frequency ratio ; fuzzy logic ; artificial intelligence ; remote sensing ; interferometric phase filtering ; sparse regularization (SR) ; deep learning (DL) ; neural convolutional network (CNN) ; semantic segmentation ; open data ; building extraction ; unet ; deeplab ; classifying-inversion method ; AIS ; atmospheric duct ; ship detection and classification ; rotated bounding box ; attention ; feature alignment ; weather nowcasting ; ResNeXt ; radar data ; spectral-spatial interaction network ; spectral-spatial attention ; pansharpening ; UAV visual navigation ; Siamese network ; multi-order feature ; MIoU ; imbalanced data classification ; data over-sampling ; graph convolutional network ; semi-supervised learning ; troposcatter ; tropospheric turbulence ; intercity co-channel interference ; concrete bridge ; visual inspection ; defect ; deep convolutional neural network ; transfer learning ; interpretation techniques ; weakly supervised semantic segmentation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Cardiothoracic and pulmonary diseases are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the lack of access to clinical care, the overburdened medical system, and the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving medicine. There are a variety of diseases affecting the cardiopulmonary system including lung cancers, heart disease, tuberculosis (TB), etc., in addition to COVID-19-related diseases. Screening, diagnosis, and management of cardiopulmonary diseases has become difficult owing to the limited availability of diagnostic tools and experts, particularly in resource-limited regions. Early screening, accurate diagnosis and staging of these diseases could play a crucial role in treatment and care, and potentially aid in reducing mortality. Radiographic imaging methods such as computed tomography (CT), chest X-rays (CXRs), and echo ultrasound (US) are widely used in screening and diagnosis. Research on using image-based AI and machine learning (ML) methods can help in rapid assessment, serve as surrogates for expert assessment, and reduce variability in human performance. In this Special Issue, “Artificial Intelligence in Image-Based Screening, Diagnostics, and Clinical Care of Cardiopulmonary Diseases”, we have highlighted exemplary primary research studies and literature reviews focusing on novel AI/ML methods and their application in image-based screening, diagnosis, and clinical management of cardiopulmonary diseases. We hope that these articles will help establish the advancements in AI.
    Keywords: lung ; conventional radiography ; diagnostic procedure ; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; COVID-19 ; computed tomography ; lungs ; variability ; segmentation ; hybrid deep learning ; artificial intelligence ; deep learning ; computer-based devices ; radiology ; thoracic diagnostic imaging ; chest X-ray ; CT ; observer tests ; performance ; lung CT images ; nodule detection ; VGG-SegNet ; pre-trained VGG19 ; cardiac amyloidosis ; AL/TTR amyloidosis ; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ; left ventricular hypertrophy ; convolutional neural network ; Tuberculosis (TB) ; drug resistance ; chest X-rays ; generalization ; localization ; Electrical Impedance Tomography ; lung imaging ; cardiopulmonary monitoring ; aorta ; lung cancer ; pulmonary artery ; pulmonary hypertension ; modality-specific knowledge ; object detection ; RetinaNet ; ensemble learning ; pneumonia ; mean average precision ; source data set ; supervised classification ; coronary artery disease ; machine learning ; cardiopulmonary disease ; faster CNN ; medical imaging ; X-rays ; transfer learning ; explainability ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Cardiothoracic and pulmonary diseases are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the lack of access to clinical care, the overburdened medical system, and the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving medicine. There are a variety of diseases affecting the cardiopulmonary system including lung cancers, heart disease, tuberculosis (TB), etc., in addition to COVID-19-related diseases. Screening, diagnosis, and management of cardiopulmonary diseases has become difficult owing to the limited availability of diagnostic tools and experts, particularly in resource-limited regions. Early screening, accurate diagnosis and staging of these diseases could play a crucial role in treatment and care, and potentially aid in reducing mortality. Radiographic imaging methods such as computed tomography (CT), chest X-rays (CXRs), and echo ultrasound (US) are widely used in screening and diagnosis. Research on using image-based AI and machine learning (ML) methods can help in rapid assessment, serve as surrogates for expert assessment, and reduce variability in human performance. In this Special Issue, “Artificial Intelligence in Image-Based Screening, Diagnostics, and Clinical Care of Cardiopulmonary Diseases”, we have highlighted exemplary primary research studies and literature reviews focusing on novel AI/ML methods and their application in image-based screening, diagnosis, and clinical management of cardiopulmonary diseases. We hope that these articles will help establish the advancements in AI.
    Keywords: lung ; conventional radiography ; diagnostic procedure ; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; COVID-19 ; computed tomography ; lungs ; variability ; segmentation ; hybrid deep learning ; artificial intelligence ; deep learning ; computer-based devices ; radiology ; thoracic diagnostic imaging ; chest X-ray ; CT ; observer tests ; performance ; lung CT images ; nodule detection ; VGG-SegNet ; pre-trained VGG19 ; cardiac amyloidosis ; AL/TTR amyloidosis ; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ; left ventricular hypertrophy ; convolutional neural network ; Tuberculosis (TB) ; drug resistance ; chest X-rays ; generalization ; localization ; Electrical Impedance Tomography ; lung imaging ; cardiopulmonary monitoring ; aorta ; lung cancer ; pulmonary artery ; pulmonary hypertension ; modality-specific knowledge ; object detection ; RetinaNet ; ensemble learning ; pneumonia ; mean average precision ; source data set ; supervised classification ; coronary artery disease ; machine learning ; cardiopulmonary disease ; faster CNN ; medical imaging ; X-rays ; transfer learning ; explainability ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: In irrigated agriculture, the study of the various ways water infiltrates into the soils is necessary. In this respect, soil hydraulic properties, such as soil moisture retention curve, diffusivity, and hydraulic conductivity functions, play a crucial role, as they control the infiltration process and the soil water and solute movement. This Special Issue presents the recent developments in the various aspects of soil water movement in irrigated agriculture through a number of research topics that tackle one or more of the following challenges: irrigation systems and one-, two-, and three-dimensional soil water movement; one-, two-, and three-dimensional infiltration analysis from a disc infiltrometer; dielectric devices for monitoring soil water content and methods for assessment of soil water pressure head; soil hydraulic properties and their temporal and spatial variability under the irrigation situations; saturated–unsaturated flow model in irrigated soils; soil water redistribution and the role of hysteresis; soil water movement and drainage in irrigated agriculture; salt accumulation, soil salinization, and soil salinity assessment; effect of salts on hydraulic conductivity; and soil conditioners and mulches that change the upper soil hydraulic properties and their effect on soil water movement.
    Keywords: drip irrigation ; fertilizer transport ; fertigation strategy ; adsorption coefficient ; HYDRUS-2D/3D ; arid zone ; soil salinity ; long-term mulched drip irrigation ; soil texture ; cotton ; horizontal infiltration ; sorptivity ; soil moisture profile ; crop model ; water consumption ; yield ; water production function ; irrigation schedule optimization ; apparent dielectric permittivity ; soil water content ; dielectric sensor ; specific calibration ; floriculture ; Lavandula angustifolia ; Lavandula dentata var. dentata ; Lavandula dentata var. candicans ; Lavandula stoechas ; saline water ; irrigation ; NaCl ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; drought tolerance ; substrate hydraulic properties ; substrate available water ; ornamental ; aromatic ; urban agriculture ; green infrastructures ; saturated soil paste ; electrical conductivity ; salinity ; Saint-Venant equations ; Richards’ equation ; Parlange equations ; optimal irrigation flow ; soil parameters ; analytical representation ; vertical tube irrigation ; layered soil ; soil moisture distribution ; water-saving irrigation ; modeling water flow ; gravity irrigation ; infiltration process ; artificial intelligence ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This reprint was established after the 9th International Workshop on Numerical and Evolutionary Optimization (NEO), representing a collection of papers on the intersection of the two research areas covered at this workshop: numerical optimization and evolutionary search techniques. While focusing on the design of fast and reliable methods lying across these two paradigms, the resulting techniques are strongly applicable to a broad class of real-world problems, such as pattern recognition, routing, energy, lines of production, prediction, and modeling, among others. This volume is intended to serve as a useful reference for mathematicians, engineers, and computer scientists to explore current issues and solutions emerging from these mathematical and computational methods and their applications.
    Keywords: distributor’s pallet loading problem ; heuristics ; bin packing ; real-life instances ; emergency medical services ; emergency medicine ; decision-support system ; pre-hospital emergency care ; ambulance response time ; machine learning ; geo-indistinguishability ; differential privacy ; privacy-preserving machine learning ; input perturbation ; estimation of distribution algorithm ; Mallows model ; moth-flame algorithm ; job shop scheduling problem ; quay crane scheduling problem ; first-passage time ; Markov chain ; queueing theory ; simulation ; OR in health services ; KPI ; wind energy ; wind turbine blades ; erosion ; modal analysis ; aerodynamic analysis ; AutoML ; feature selection ; fault severity assessment ; gearboxes ; XGBoost classifiers ; autism ; attention ; ASD ; learning activities ; EEG ; BCI ; features ; artificial intelligence ; Grouping Genetic Algorithm ; variable decomposition ; Large-Scale Constrained Optimization ; DVT ; early diagnosis ; machine-learning ; smart system ; embedded system ; edge computing ; edge device ; OpenFOAM ; CFD ; ANFIS ; ANFIS (GA) ; ANFIS (PSO) ; ANFIS (FFA) ; nonlinear programming ; largest small polygons (LSP) ; {LSP(n)} model-class ; optimal area sequence {A(n)} ; revised LSP model ; mathematica model development environment ; IPOPT solver engine ; numerical optimization results and regression model for estimating {A(n)} ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Advanced intelligent control is a rapidly developing, complex and challenging field with significant practical importance and potential applications. The authors aim to stimulate advancements in science and technology by addressing this field and presenting new trends in the design, control and applications of real-time intelligent sensor system control using advanced intelligent control methods and techniques. The purpose of the Special Issue is to promote in-depth research and communication regarding these topics. The authors focus on innovative multi-sensor fusion techniques integrated into robots, which are combined with computer vision, virtual and augmented reality (VR&AR) and intelligent communication including remote control, adaptive sensor networks and human–robot (H2R) interaction systems. Special attention is given to advancements in sensors, actuators, computation technology and communication networks that provide the necessary tools for implementing intelligent control hardware. These advancements are targeted toward various scientific research fields, including machine learning (such as deep learning), bio-inspired algorithms, recurrent neural networks, neuro-fuzzy control and artificial intelligence in general. The Special Issue includes original research papers that report on the recent advancements in intelligent control using intelligent sensors. It serves as a further extension of the previously successful Special Issue, “Advanced Intelligent Control through Versatile Intelligent Portable Platforms”.
    Keywords: nonlinear intelligent control ; support vector regression ; feedforward control ; human arm viscoelastic ; resource-aware control ; co-regulation ; feedback scheduling ; time-varying system ; neural adaptive control ; fault-tolerant control ; integrated attitude and position control ; spacecraft proximity operations ; indirect neural approximation ; Lyapunov analysis ; real-time trajectory prediction ; mechanically thrown objects ; internal logistics ; smart manufacturing systems ; multi-camera simulation ; many-to-many time series forecasting ; encoder-decoder bidirectional LSTM deep neural networks ; arbitrary order sliding mode ; networked system ; finite-time systems ; nonlinear system ; hybrid position/force control ; sliding mode control ; decision method ; neutrosophic logic ; extension set ; mobile robot ; advanced intelligent control ; wheeled–legged ; trajectory tracking ; model predictive control ; smart vehicle ; probabilistic roadmap algorithm ; pseudo-random sampling ; collision detection ; path smoothing ; monocular vision ; human joint angle measurement ; visual detection method ; hand disability ; mobile manipulator ; motion planning ; simultaneous control ; path analysis ; ROS ; rehabilitation robot ; human–robot interaction ; admittance control ; robust control ; active strength training ; sEMG ; lower limb rehabilitation robot ; compliance control ; training mode ; MOTOmed ; continuous passive motion ; straight leg raise ; feature analysis ; wire + arc additive manufacturing ; surface roughness ; deep neural network ; arc welding ; quadruped robot ; change of running direction ; dynamic model ; stability index system ; simulation analysis ; self-collision detection ; dual-manipulator system ; artificial intelligence ; GJK algorithm ; robotics control ; local path planner ; task redundancy ; collision avoidance strategy ; drone ; UAV ; multi-agent ; ArUco ; markers ; group of drones ; machine vision ; computer vision ; sensors ; machine learning ; industry ; manufacturing ; robotics ; sensor systems ; remote control and communication ; simulation ; mobile health ; stroke monitoring ; iomt-stacked convolutional neural networks ; GMDH neural networks ; Deep LSTM ; biomedical EMG signal processing ; rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) ; path planning ; robot manipulator ; object pick-and-place ; collision-free ; robot operating system (ROS) ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: In Canada, survival from breast cancer has steadily increased since 1989, and breast cancer mortality has decreased by 48%. While 82% of women with breast cancer are diagnosed at stage 1 or 2, there are still 18% who present at a late stage and 25% who develop metastatic disease. Improved survival has been achieved through early diagnosis of breast cancer with screening, allowing for more effective and targeted treatments. This reprint summarizes the latest evidence on the early detection of breast cancer and highlights areas where this may be improved.
    Keywords: contrast-enhanced spectral mammography ; breast cancer ; neoadjuvant chemotherapy ; complete response ; response evaluation criteria in solid tumors ; contrast-enhanced mammography ; magnetic resonance imaging ; image enhancement ; contrast media ; radiomics ; artificial intelligence ; breast ; cancer ; screening ; dense ; patient advocacy ; breast density ; breast density notification ; Canada ; mammography ; breast ultrasound ; breast cancer screening ; interval cancer ; mortality reduction ; breast MRI ; digital breast tomosynthesis ; molecular breast imaging ; overdetection ; Canadian National Breast Screening Study ; overdiagnosis ; overtreatment ; microsimulation ; mammographic screening ; randomization ; expertise ; guidelines ; evidenc ; epistemic trespassing ; evidence-based medicine ; risk factors ; screening mammography ; knowledge assessment ; barriers ; questionnaire examination ; DBT ; ultrasound ; benign biopsy ; stage shift ; registries ; prevention ; recommendations ; clinical practice ; breast screening ; high-risk breast screening ; dense breasts ; supplemental breast screening ; cardiovascular disease ; chemotherapy ; radiotherapy ; mortality ; adjuvant endocrine therapy ; adherence to treatment ; side effects ; tamoxifen ; aromatase inhibitors ; GnRH agonist ; questionnaire ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: Radiomics is one of the most successful branches of research in the field of image processing and analysis, as it provides valuable quantitative information for the personalized medicine. It has the potential to discover features of the disease that cannot be appreciated with the naked eye in both preclinical and clinical studies. In general, all quantitative approaches based on biomedical images, such as positron emission tomography (PET), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have a positive clinical impact in the detection of biological processes and diseases as well as in predicting response to treatment. This Special Issue, “Image Processing and Analysis for Preclinical and Clinical Applications”, addresses some gaps in this field to improve the quality of research in the clinical and preclinical environment. It consists of fourteen peer-reviewed papers covering a range of topics and applications related to biomedical image processing and analysis.
    Keywords: deep learning ; segmentation ; prostate ; MRI ; ENet ; UNet ; ERFNet ; radiomics ; gamma knife ; imaging quantification ; [11C]-methionine positron emission tomography ; cancer ; atrial fibrillation ; 4D-flow ; stasis ; pulmonary vein ablation ; convolutional neural network ; transfer learning ; maxillofacial fractures ; computed tomography images ; radiography ; xenotransplant ; cancer cells ; zebrafish image analysis ; in vivo assay ; convolutional neural network (CNN) ; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ; neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT) ; pathologic complete response (pCR) ; rectal cancer ; radiomics feature robustness ; PET/MRI co-registration ; image registration ; fundus image ; feature extraction ; glomerular filtration rate ; Gate’s method ; renal depth ; computed tomography ; computer-aided diagnosis ; medical-image analysis ; automated prostate-volume estimation ; abdominal ultrasound images ; image-patch voting ; soft tissue sarcoma ; volume estimation ; artificial intelligence ; Basal Cell Carcinoma ; skin lesion ; classification ; colon ; positron emission tomography-computed tomography ; nuclear medicine ; image pre-processing ; high-level synthesis ; X-ray pre-processing ; pipelined architecture ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are becoming more prevalent in our aging population, and traditional methods of monitoring ND symptoms can be challenging. Wearable technology offers several advantages, such as continuous monitoring, objective measurements, and remote monitoring. The present reprint includes a collection of eleven research and review articles that propose wearable solutions and explore signal processing, machine learning, and deep learning approaches for the computerized diagnosis and monitoring of NDs. Topics covered include using wearable technology to measure blood pressure, movement, sleep patterns, and brain activity, and developing predictive models to support clinicians in making informed decisions about treatment and care. This reprint is a valuable resource for anyone interested in the potential of wearable technology to improve the diagnosis and management of NDs.
    Keywords: gait analysis ; Parkinson’s disease ; convolutional neural networks ; gate recurrent units ; deep learning ; cardiovascular diseases ; blood pressure ; hypertension ; photoplethysmography ; artificial neural networks ; neurodegenerative disease ; remote monitoring ; telemonitoring ; wearable sensor ; Parkinson’s Disease ; image processing ; hypomimia ; FE ; classic techniques ; machine learning ; ANN ; KNN ; machine learning (ML) ; naïve Bayes classification ; SVM ; bradykinesia ; wearables ; inertial sensors ; artificial intelligence ; Internet of Things ; trust management ; healthcare ; digital revolution ; edge clouds ; security ; privacy preservation ; neurological disorders ; wearable sensors ; frequency harmonics ; gait impairments ; gait ; harmonic ratio (HR) ; smoothness ; symmetry ; older adults ; inertial sensor ; biofeedback ; neurodegenerative diseases ; movement anticipation ; rs-fMRI ; classifications ; high-order neuro-dynamic functional network ; Alzheimer’s disease ; sleep monitoring ; sleep disorders ; Parkinson disease ; dementia ; Alzheimer Disease ; video analysis ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Gastroenterology and hepatology are fields of research that have improved considerably in recent years in terms of clinical approach, diagnosis, and therapy. However, there is still much to be clarified and explored, and many questions remain unanswered. Therefore, basic research, including translational and clinical discoveries, supported by technological innovations such as artificial intelligence, will enable further steps toward better, more refined treatments for many digestive diseases. The challenge of modern medicine will therefore be to connect these two fields to ensure optimal patient management. Further innovations will help clinicians to improve clinical practice, establish new guidelines, and provide personalized treatment based on patient characteristics. The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight recent advances and future challenges in gastroenterology and hepatology.
    Keywords: liver disease ; research ; gastrointestinal tract ; nutrition ; diagnosis ; treatment ; artificial intelligence ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint covers some significant impacts in the recent research in both the private and public sectors of cancer diagnosis and therapy, in which Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning are significant. This reprint is also a collection of forty different complex and challenging problems arranged in five groups: AI in prognosis, grading, and prediction, AI in clinical image analysis, AI models for pathological diagnosis, ML and statistical models for molecular cancer diagnostics and genetics, and AI in triage, risk stratification, and screening cancer, which are all focused on using AI in cancer diagnosis and therapy. All the necessary concepts, solutions, methodologies, and references are supplied except for some fundamental knowledge that is well-known in the general fields of AI and cancer diagnosis and therapy. The readers may, therefore, gain the main concepts of each chapter, with as little of a need as possible to refer to the concepts of the other chapters and references. The readers may hence start to read one or more chapters of the book for their own interests.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; bioinformatics ; modeling complex biological systems ; &nbsp ; computational cancer biology ; computational drug discovery ; radiology ; radiation therapy (oncology) ; cancer diagnosis and cancer therapy. ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This reprint contains a Special Issue of the MDPI journal Machines on Italian advances in mechanism and machines science through a collection of selected papers from the Fourth International Conference of IFToMM Italy, IFIT 2022. The included papers belong to a broad range of disciplines in MMS, with research and design results that can be of interest not only to scholars in the field of MMS and mechanical engineering but also to professionals and even students, broadening their understanding of the problems and solutions under development, mainly, but not only, from the Italian community.
    Keywords: precision agriculture ; mobile manipulation ; motion planning ; analytic Jacobian ; inverse kinematics ; manipulability ; history of mms ; italian history of mechanism design ; models of mechanisms ; history of teaching ; italian mechanism collections ; kinematics ; planar mechanism ; instant center ; singular configuration ; machine design ; drone-based package delivery ; UAV transportation ; embedded payload ; packaging ; quick-release system ; hypoid gears ; friction ; wear ; elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication ; automatic machines ; planar parallel mechanism ; five bar linkage ; design optimization ; vibration reduction ; lightweight gears ; finite-element analysis ; multibody simulation ; design space exploration ; transmission error ; squeeze film damper ; seal instability ; rotor dynamics ; lubrication ; UGVs ; reconfigurable robots ; mechatronic design ; field robotics ; path and trajectory planning ; rollover detection ; heavy vehicles ; off-road applications ; predictive algorithms ; artificial intelligence ; load transfer ratio ; gas micro-turbine ; discriminant analysis ; vibrational analysis ; diesel blends ; kerosene ; biofuel ; statistical index ; accelerometer ; confusion matrix ; Cohen’s kappa ; human-robot collaboration ; human-in-the-loop ; virtual reality ; obstacle avoidance ; configuration-dependent substructuring ; dynamics of linkages ; three-points linkage ; vibrations ; feeding ; rotary device ; functional synthesis ; mechanical design ; applied mechanics ; tribology ; Boundary Elements Methods ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The previous Special Issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine, ‘Integrating Clinical and Translational Research Networks—Building Team Medicine’, which highlighted our collective experience from the City of Hope and was published in 2020, was a huge success. Buoyed by the enthusiastic response from our peers and colleagues, we have embarked on bringing out Volume 2. The basic theme is the same—namely, integrating academic medical centers with the clinical network in various geographic locations to ensure that all patients, regardless of their physical proximity to major medical institutions, can benefit from recent clinical advances. As in the previous volume on the importance of including basic research scientists, our aim here is to highlight translational research approaches that leverage the combined knowledge, skills, experience, expertise, and vision of clinicians in academic medical centers, their affiliated community centers, and hospitals, together with those of basic research scientists. However, here we also strive to include bioinformaticians and data scientists. We look forward to sharing our team medicine experience with our colleagues around the world and trust that they will find the approach described in the articles included in this Special issue useful for guiding their approaches for treating cancer patients.
    Keywords: drug resistance ; drug tolerance ; eco-evolutionary ; intermittent therapy ; adaptive therapy ; continuous therapy ; Team Medicine ; intrinsically disordered proteins ; complex case discussions ; decision support ; oncology pathways ; personalized medicine ; subspecialty expertise ; colorectal cancer survivor ; emergency utilization ; SARS-CoV-2 ; care satisfaction ; pandemic ; cisplatin ; non-small cell lung cancer ; group behavior ; IDPs ; phenotype switching ; mathematical modeling ; oncolytic virotherapy ; T-VEC ; immune checkpoint inhibitors ; immunotherapy ; targeted therapy ; combinational therapy ; melanoma ; cutaneous cancers ; clinical trials ; neuroendocrine tumors ; self-assessment ; NET VITALS ; implementation science ; tobacco control ; smoking cessation ; cancer prevention ; lung cancer screening ; low dose Ct scans ; LDCT ; cancer disparities ; minority health ; pathways to success ; renal cell carcinoma ; gut microbiome ; translational research ; EGFR ; genetic/nongenetic ; epigenetics ; oligometastatic ; prostate cancer ; metastasis-directed therapy ; imaging ; PSMA PET ; advanced soft tissue sarcoma ; sarcoma treatment ; Midwest Sarcoma Trials Partnership ; multidisciplinary tumor board ; collaboration ; endometrial cancer ; PARP inhibition ; pathologic complete response ; Olaparib ; BRIP1 mutation ; ATM mutation ; RAD51C mutation ; POLE mutation ; TMB high ; brain metastases ; delivery of health care ; leptomeningeal metastases ; tumor board ; integrative oncology ; clinical care network ; implementation ; integration ; community clinical network ; phase 1 ; genomic-driven ; team medicine ; precision medicine ; cancer systems biology ; clinical network systems biology ; artificial intelligence ; City of Hope ; oncology ; community practice ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint, as a continuation of a previous Special Issue entitled “Efficiency and Optimization of Buildings Energy Consumption”, gives an up-to-date overview of new technologies based on Machine Learning (ML) and Internet of Things (IoT) procedures to improve the mathematical approach of algorithms that allow control systems to be improved with the aim of reducing housing sector energy consumption.
    Keywords: ventilation ; energy ; COVID-19 ; procedure ; building ; ISO ; energy consumption ; building construction ; Passivhaus ; affordable housing ; neural network ; LSTM ; MLP ; thermal inertia ; building performance ; artificial intelligence ; artificial neural network ; demand-side management ; evolutionary computing ; non-intrusive appliance load monitoring ; parallel computing ; smart grid ; smart house ; cellular concrete ; lightweight materials ; thermal conductivity ; electricity ; dynamic simulation ; housing ; climate change ; weather controlled central system ; energy saving ; thermal improved of buildings ; new energy technologies ; sustainable buildings ; energy efficiency ; heat loss coefficient ; machine learning ; XGBoost ; SVR ; load disaggregation ; multi-scale ; attention mechanism ; residual network ; energy savings ; daylighting ; photovoltaic system ; EnergyPlus ; Homer PRO ; Net Zero Energy Buildings ; solar radiation ; support vector machine ; heuristic algorithm ; renewable energy ; solar energy systems ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Sensors used to diagnose, monitor or treat diseases in the medical domain are known as medical sensors. There are several types of medical sensors that can be utilized for various applications, such as temperature probes, force sensors, pressure sensors, oximeters, electrocardiogram sensors that measure the electrical activity of the heart, heart rate sensors, electroencephalogram sensors that measure the electrical activity of the brain, electromyogram sensors that record electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles, and respiration rate sensors that count how many times the chest rises in a minute. The output of these sensors used to be interpreted by humans, which was time consuming and tedious; however, such interpretations became easy with advances in artificial intelligence (AI) techniques and the integration of the sensor outputs into computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) systems. This reprint presents some of the state-of-the-art AI approaches that are used to diagnose different diseases and disorders based on the data collected from different medical sensors. The ultimate goal is to develop comprehensive and automated computer-aided diagnosis by focusing on the different machine learning algorithms that can be used for this purpose as well as novel applications in the medical field.
    Keywords: prostate cancer ; image processing ; histopathology images ; digital image analysis ; computational pathology ; artificial intelligence ; Nosema disease ; machine learning ; deep learning ; image ; disease detection ; blood flow velocity quantification ; conjunctival microvessel ; motion correction ; optical imaging system ; vessel segmentation ; transfer learning ; ALexNet ; VGGNet ; ADC maps ; computer-aided diagnosis ; convolutional neural networks ; diabetic retinopathy ; diabetic retinopathy classification ; diabetic retinopathy lesions localization ; YOLO ; thyroid ; cancer ; CNN ; MRI ; DWI ; radiomics ; BITalino ; BrainAmp ; ICC ; intraclass correlation coefficient ; Bland–Altman method ; big healthcare data ; classification ; decision-making ; feature selection ; whale optimization ; naive bayes ; renal cell carcinoma ; CE-CT ; morphology ; texture ; functionality ; RC-CAD ; electrocardiogram (ECG) ; affective computing ; emotion recognition system ; healthcare ; Alzheimer’s disease ; personalized diagnosis ; mild cognitive impairment ; sMRI ; U-NET ; uveitis grading ; OCT segmentation ; computed tomography (CT) ; lung ; chest ; segmentation ; COVID-19 ; autism ; ASD ; CWT ; dendritic cells ; electrical characterization ; immune system ; macrophages ; chest X-ray ; diagnosis ; POCUS ; multichannel system ; channel data ; bladder monitoring ; POUR ; machine-learning ; NC protein ; optical detection ; protein–protein interactions ; RBD ; SARS-CoV-2 ; grade groups ; CAD system ; chewing ; smart devices ; discrete wavelet decomposition ; low pass filter ; number of chews ; carotid intima-media thickness ; IMT ; CCA ; encoder-decoder model ; left ventricular assist devices ; sensor-based control ; pump independent ; suction index ; physiological perfusion ; suction prevention ; biomedical informatics ; cardiovascular disease ; ECG ; heart rate variability ; PPG ; smartphones ; smart wearables ; thermal camera ; non-contact spirometry ; artificial intelligence regression ; respiration signal ; respiration rate mobile application ; multiple object tracking ; data association ; dataset ; semantic attribute ; autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ; DTI ; neuroimaging ; ABIDE-II ; lung sound detection ; heart sound detection ; convolutional neural network ; model fusion ; multi-features ; texture analysis ; shape features ; functional features ; PSA ; osteoporosis ; strength training ; osteopenia ; bone mass ; DEXA ; diabetic retinopathy (DR) ; optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) ; convolutional neural networks (CNN) ; image encryption ; security analysis ; convolutional neural network (CNN) ; brain imaging ; machine learning (ML) ; cervical cancer ; human papillomavirus (HPV) ; gradient boosting ; support vector machine (SVM) ; skin lesions ; skin cancer ; melanoma ; image classification ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; fundus images ; lesions detection ; n/a
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: This topic has been successfully completed. A total of 180 scientific articles were sent, of which 66 have been accepted for publication. These 66 articles are published in reprint.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; expert systems ; machine learning ; deep learning ; modeling ; prediction ; probabilistic models ; prediction models ; sustainable mobility ; smart cities ; smart grids ; sustainable energy systems ; renewable energy sources ; nonrenewable energy sources ; electrical storage ; green hydrogen ; sustainable greenhouses ; wind ; microgrids ; tidal ; solar ; biomass ; power network ; solar thermal ; solar photovoltaic ; hydraulics ; ANN ; neural networks, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms ; hybrid models based on artificial intelligence ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Global population growth, population aging, declining labor force levels, and rising production costs pose more challenges to agricultural production. In recent years, due to the improved performance of artificial intelligence, precision agriculture, and advanced control, they have been widely used in various agricultural applications, including management, disease detection, crop monitoring, yield estimation, and crop harvesting. Robotics and autonomous machines represent a high-level application of automation in agriculture, based on precise and resource-efficient approaches to sustainably achieve greater efficiency and quality in the production of agricultural products while reducing environmental impact. Reactive technologies based on agricultural robots and autonomous machines are separate but closely related fields covering the application of automated control and robotic platforms at all levels of agricultural production. In robotic or autonomous systems, agricultural sensing and control is particularly difficult due to the complexity of the environment in which agricultural production operates. The open robot system has good expansibility, versatility and flexible operation ability. The establishment of agricultural robot control system can guarantee the reliability and real-time control. A total of 26 papers are included that explores the various ways in which robotics and autonomous machines for agricultural production address general problems.
    Keywords: mobile manipulation ; optimization and optimal control ; agricultural robotics ; viticulture ; jujube pruning ; manipulator ; kinematic analysis ; high-speed photography technology ; performance test ; picking manipulator ; motion planning ; TO-RRT ; step-size dichotomy ; regression superposition ; robotic pest control ; Mask R-CNN ; skeleton extraction ; binocular vision ; stereo matching ; machine vision ; picking robot ; apple detection ; YOLOX ; ShufflenetV2 ; point cloud registration of fruit trees ; lightning attachment procedure optimization ; density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise ; information perception of fruit trees ; precision planter ; motor-driven ; CANopen protocol ; photoelectric sensor ; no-tillage ; straw-rotting fungus ; multiarm harvesting trajectory optimization ; multiobjective optimization ; cluster fruit ; genetic ant colony stepwise algorithm ; dairy farm ; pusher robot ; path extraction ; obstacle avoidance ; high-performance film for full recycling ; film recycling ; field experiment ; film recycling rate ; precision agriculture ; Industry 4.0 ; technology ; adoption ; unmanned vehicles ; smart production ; drones ; robots ; cotton precision planter ; cotton seeds ; broadcast monitoring ; missed broadcast monitoring ; sowing quality ; electrical characteristics ; poultry eggs ; nondestructive detection ; cracked eggs ; machine learning ; garlic seeding ; orientation recognition ; garlic clove righting ; deep learning ; fully connected neural network ; autonomous navigation ; navigation line extraction ; orchard machinery ; least-square ; apple harvesting ; soft gripper ; Fin Ray effect ; finite element analysis ; constant-pressure feedback ; slip detection ; fresh weight prediction ; growth model ; naive Bayesian network ; solar greenhouse ; substrate-cultivated lettuce ; phenotyping ; agricultural robot ; tiller counting ; residual network ; agriculture ; path planning ; neighborhood collection ; autonomous vehicle ; genetic algorithm ; global optimization ; bale collection problem ; forage handling ; pineapple eye ; three-dimensional ; YOLOv5 ; stereo-matching ; cotton seeder ; duckbill ; Simufact Welding ; welding robot ; automated welding ; apple grader ; attention mechanism SE ; DIoU_Loss ; mish ; autonomous robots ; data acquisition ; computer vision ; shrimp ; automatic peeling machines ; tactile perception ; recognition ; wavelet scattering convolutional network ; microcurrent signal analysis ; egg’s electrical characteristic model ; artificial intelligence ; IoT ; cloud computing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: We invite you to read the Special Issue on The Financial Industry 4.0. It is a collection of 13 articles published in a Special Issue of International Journal of Financial Studies (MDPI) in 2020-2022. The main emphasis of this reprint is on The Financial Industry 4.0 to provide insightful understanding about the benefits as well as the challenges that financial institutions are facing under the Industry 4.0 era. The articles in this Special Issue discussed the potential of blockchain technology, the impact of fintech on financial inclusion in developing countries, the role of fintech in the insurance industry, and so on. It highlights the benefits of fintech, such as improved efficiency, accuracy, and customer experience, but also notes the challenges and risks involved, such as data privacy and security concerns. Collaboration between financial institutions, regulators, and technology firms is seen as necessary to promote innovation and ensure the stability and security of the financial system while addressing the challenges and risks associated with fintech.
    Keywords: stochastic volatility with co-jumps ; threshold GARCH ; RiskMetrics ; validation ; cryptocurrency market ; technology ; banking 4.0 ; industry 4.0 ; roadmap ; digitalization ; big data ; blockchain ; disruptive technology ; corporate governance ; corporate voting ; tokenisation ; smart contracts ; artificial intelligence ; digital financial inclusion ; finance ; digital financial services ; digital credit ; betting ; financial distress ; coping strategies ; welfare outcomes ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WC Antiques, vintage and collectables::WCF Collecting coins, banknotes, medals and other related items
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This reprint includes 15 articles in the field of non-communicable Diseases, big data, and artificial intelligence, overviewing the most recent advances in the field of AI and their application potential in 3P medicine.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; computer-aided diagnosis ; facial phenotypes ; machine learning ; complexity theory ; dementia ; cognitive dysfunction ; neuropsychological tests ; mental status and dementia tests ; spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) ; 90-day function outcome ; mortality ; osteoarthritis ; venous thrombosis ; VTE risk prediction ; machine learning algorithm ; population-based cohort study ; pituitary adenoma ; craniopharyngioma ; optic chiasm ; multicenter ; treatment outcome ; liver neoplasms ; deep learning ; diabetic complication ; gene-gene interaction ; AGER ; IL6R ; multiple sclerosis ; DNA methylation ; entropy ; atherosclerosis ; plaque characterization ; physical activity ; osteoporosis ; osteoporotic fracture ; vertebral fracture ; hip fracture ; distal radius fracture ; small for gestational age ; exposure to radiation ; prediction ; coronary plaque ; major adverse cardiovascular events ; coronary artery disease ; coronary computed tomographic angiography ; acute pancreatitis ; predictor ; interventions ; type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ; prediction model ; Chinese elderly ; prediabetes ; incident diabetes ; predictive models ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: This topic has been successfully completed. A total of 180 scientific articles were sent, of which 66 have been accepted for publication. These 66 articles are published in reprint.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; expert systems ; machine learning ; deep learning ; modeling ; prediction ; probabilistic models ; prediction models ; sustainable mobility ; smart cities ; smart grids ; sustainable energy systems ; renewable energy sources ; nonrenewable energy sources ; electrical storage ; green hydrogen ; sustainable greenhouses ; wind ; microgrids ; tidal ; solar ; biomass ; power network ; solar thermal ; solar photovoltaic ; hydraulics ; ANN ; neural networks, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms ; hybrid models based on artificial intelligence ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: As we know, strokes are one of the world's leading causes of death, and the cruel aspect of a stroke is that it leaves people with severe functional disability and/or cognitive impairment. Strokes have a significant impact on economies worldwide, as it is estimated that about 10% of the male population and 8% of the female population are affected by them. Such people need personal help in their everyday life and must be materially supported by social services. With the advancement of medicine, artificial intelligence, and new technologies have been developing rapidly and are gradually applied in diseases of the nervous system, increasingly helping diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and prognosis of disease.This Special Issue has collected the 14 papers on artificial intelligence and new technologies in strokes, including in the aspects of diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, rehabilitation, and nursing. We welcome your reading.
    Keywords: non-invasive brain stimulation ; stroke ; spasticity ; meta-analysis ; hemiplegia ; electromyographic bridge ; upper limb rehabilitation ; randomized controlled trial ; hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy ; disorders of consciousness ; metabolic connectivity ; positron emission tomography ; 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ; hand function rehabilitation ; hand rehabilitation robot ; computer vision technology ; wearable devices ; sensors ; artificial intelligence ; brain–computer interface ; active rehabilitation training ; motor function ; brain function ; executive function ; postural control ; gait ; repetitive transcranial stimulation ; facial paralysis ; peripheral magnetic stimulation ; blood flows ; laser speckle ; stroke rehabilitation ; upper limb ; automated system ; motor function assessment ; Fugl-Meyer Assessment ; motor attempt (MA) ; EEG ; deep learning method ; overlapping time window ; facial expression recognition (FER) ; vision transformer (ViT) ; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ; rehabilitation ; assessment ; upper extremity ; hand ; brain–computer interfaces ; motor task ; sensorimotor rhythm ; hand rehabilitation ; motor imagery ; virtual reality ; rTMS ; DTI ; immersive virtual reality ; post-stroke cognitive impairment ; aging ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNN Organic chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Aquatic products are an important type of food, mainly including fish, shrimp, shellfish, crab, seaweed, etc. They provide human beings with high-quality protein, fatty acids, minerals, and other nutritional elements. Generally, aquatic raw materials need to go through transportation, processing, and preservation from the water area to the dining table. This Special Issue covers papers in the following areas: Advanced live fish transportation and quality change of aquatic products during transportation; New methods of processing on quality of aquatic products; New methods of preservation on shelf life and quality of aquatic products; Improvement of shelf life, nutrition, and quality of aquatic products; New detection, analysis, and management technology involved in transportation, processing, and preservation of aquatic products.
    Keywords: surimi gels ; EGCG ; gel quality ; storage properties ; freeze-thaw cycle ; pickling ; fish ; sensory profile ; organic acids ; chemical composition ; lipid oxidation ; microbiological safety ; high hydrostatic pressure ; sous-vide ; sensory ; storage ; largemouth ; Trachinotus ovatus ; golden pompano ; modified atmosphere packaging ; superchilling storage ; physicochemical properties ; principal component analysis ; blunt snout bream ; respite time ; live transportation ; texture ; cell structure ; sweet orange essential oil ; antibacterial activity ; porous starch ; microcapsule ; crawfish ; crayfish ; ozone water ; ultrasound ; 16S rRNA gene sequencing ; washing times ; silver carp surimi ; quality characteristics ; protein oxidation ; cold plasma ; tilapia fillet ; microbiological ; quality ; oregano essential oil ; clove leaf essential oil ; melanosis ratio ; protein degradation ; TCA-soluble peptides ; mechanism ; Eriocheir sinensis ; aquaculture ; fatty acid ; free amino acid ; fermented fish product ; lactic acid bacteria ; inoculated fermentation ; quality improvement ; flavor characteristics ; electron-beam irradiation ; silver carp chunks ; water distribution ; muscle quality ; fish choice parameters ; attitudes ; socio-economic features ; consumer-seller determinants ; large yellow croaker ; calcium lactate ; surimi ; low-field nuclear magnetic resonance ; Raman spectroscopy ; fish cutting ; fish processing ; waterjet cutting ; machine vision ; artificial intelligence ; growth environment ; snakehead fish ; fish soup ; amino acid composition ; fatty acid composition ; sous vide ; scallop ; volatile compounds ; chilled storage ; green algae ; Ulva intestinalis ; cookies ; sensory evaluation ; physicochemical and nutritional properties ; functional food ; food safety ; nanozyme ; fish freshness ; platinum nanocube ; hypoxanthine ; silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) ; pH-shifting process ; muddy off-odor ; gelling properties ; cathepsin ; retained water ; catfish ; proximate composition ; water content ; processing ; bacterial load ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This Special Issue covers recent research in nanochemistry convergence from disease prevention to diagnosis and treatment. It includes studies on new (bio)molecules and hybrids with diagnostic, chemopreventive, or therapeutical properties; novel nanobioengineered biosensors for disease diagnostics; and nanoparticles and nanobioconjugates for targeted drug delivery. The Special Issue collects a benchmark of state-of-the-art works on the computational simulation, structural modeling, and construction of new libraries of molecules to identify potential targets, synthesize molecules, and study their potential in developing diagnostic and therapeutic tools. It illustrates other topics that go from directed evolution techniques to help create mutants of proteins with enhanced activity concerning the native structures to reviews on nanobioprobes using conjugation approaches and biosensors as promising tools for disease detection. The Special Issue also provides examples of drug delivery systems based on biocompatible and biodegradable materials for chemoprevention.
    Keywords: genistein ; encapsulation ; colon cancer ; chemoprevention ; styrylquinolines ; colorectal cancer ; antiproliferation ; cell death ; apoptosis ; inflammation ; reactive oxygen species ; molecular docking ; bacterial nanocellulose ; surface modification ; controlled drug delivery system ; anticancer ; parasporin ; site-directed mutagenesis ; APN receptor ; miRNA ; conjugation strategy ; covalent bonding ; non-covalent bonding ; nanomaterial ; glycan ; electrochemical glycobiosensor ; infectious disease ; cancer biomarker ; biomarker particles ; early detection ; in situ ; fungal pathogens ; drug repurposing ; drug development ; new therapeutic targets ; structural bioinformatics ; MEK inhibitors ; nanobody ; synthetic library ; phage display ; CDR randomization ; biopanning ; tumor necrosis factor ; vascular endothelial growth factor ; Andes virus ; artificial intelligence ; protein structure ; protein modeling ; antibody ; epidermal growth factor ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Computer Vision (CV) have seen a massive rise in popularity in the remote sensing field over the last few years. This success is mostly due to the effectiveness of deep learning (DL) algorithms. However, remote sensing data acquisition and annotation, as well as information extraction from massive remote sensing data, are still challenging. This reprint collected novel developments in the field of deep learning and computer vision methods for remote sensing. Papers dealing with fundamental theoretical analyses, as well as those demonstrating their application to real-world problems, have been published. With practical examples and real-world case studies, this reprint provides a valuable resource for researchers, professionals, and students seeking to harness the power of deep learning in the field of remote sensing. Here are some major topics that are addressed in this reprint: Satellite image processing and analysis based on deep learning; Deep learning for object detection, image classification, and semantic and instance segmentation; Deep learning for remote sensing scene understanding and classification; Transfer learning, deep reinforcement learning for remote sensing; Supervised and unsupervised representation learning for remote sensing environments.
    Keywords: pose estimation ; landmark regression ; space target ; 1D landmark representation ; deep learning ; convolutional neural network (CNN) ; deep supervision ; lightweight model ; remote sensing ; semantic segmentation ; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ; remote sensing images ; object detection ; knowledge inference module ; convolutional neural networks ; tree ensemble methods ; multi-label classification ; complex-valued U-Net ; complex-valued capsule network ; polarimetric synthetic aperture radar ; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ; grassland grazing livestock ; remote sensing image ; artificial intelligence ; building extraction ; multi-scale object detection ; multi-feature fusion and attention network ; multi-branch convolution ; attention mechanism ; loss function ; remote-sensing image ; neural architecture search ; sparse regularization ; HRNet ; Earth observation ; land use and land cover classification ; transfer learning ; dynamic resolution adaptation ; small-object detection ; machine learning ; data augmentation ; automatic target recognition ; synthetic aperture radar ; spacecraft recognition ; few-shot feature adaptation ; generative family ; neural processes ; remote sensing imagery ; transformer ; Landsat ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This reprint relating the Insurtech, Proptech, and Fintech environments tries to provide a wide range of perspectives about these sectors, focusing on fields such as financial technology, banking, insurance, real estate, digital implementation, and quantitative analysis, among others. It is beyond any doubt that this sector is probably one of the most relevant and disrupting new markets in recent years, with a great potential to generate collaborations with financial institutions and the insurance world, which jointly grow towards a more innovative business model. The lines between financial services and technology have blurred to the point that the previously distinct sectors are colliding. In effect, digital-only banks are offering redesigned client propositions and cost profiles, and consumers are ready for the digital shake-up. The Special Issue “Insurtech, Proptech, and Fintech Environment: Sustainability, Global Trends and Opportunities” has included original contributions demonstrating significant advancements, innovations, relevance, and potential growth in this sector in the forthcoming years. We have also focused on the main forms of interaction between banks and FinTech companies.
    Keywords: Fintech ; trust ; perceived risk ; system quality ; information quality ; service quality ; Fintech continuance intention ; digital entrepreneurship ; fintech ; funding ; decision criteria ; success factors ; startups ; venture capital ; investors ; ecosystem ; Fintech business model ; cross-sector Fintech ; financial technology ; Alibaba ; Tencent ; Asia ; China ; financial innovation ; value chains ; scalability ; digital platforms ; financial ecosystem ; discounted cash flows ; market value ; Sustainable Development Goals ; car insurance ; insurance technologies ; Internet of Vehicles ; telematics ; technology acceptance ; sustainable insurance ; chatbot ; artificial intelligence ; financial sustainability ; telemarketing ; cube model ; voice recognition and conversion model ; digital technostress ; digital techno self-efficacy ; fintech usage intention ; Chinese Gen Z consumers ; sustainability ; green investment ; socially responsible investing (SRI) ; green finance ; greenwashing ; digitization ; FinTech ; InsurTech ; sustainable development goals ; sustainability performance ; logit regression ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This Special Issue (SI), entitled “Application of (Big) Data Analysis in A/E/C (architecture, engineering, and construction)”, in Buildings has published quality papers outlining novel contributions of the application of big data theory, modeling techniques, and methodologies as a tool for leveraging data analytics in the building industry. Contributions have covered related topics from various application domains of the global A/E/C industry, including structures/structural engineering, materials/geotechnical engineering, construction design/measure, IS/BIM, transport/energy planning and building management, etc. As can be seen in the editorial essay, some domains have been addressed with more emphasis, but some are not. In addition to the editorial essay, the published research works have also touched almost all phases of (big) data analytics, including data collection and curation, data pre-processing, data analysis, prediction, (data-driven) decision making and decision supports, etc., except that related topics about forecasting are still missing. This allows for identifying ‘hot zones’ of research, in which follow-up research and extended studies should be performed, and ‘cold zones’, awaiting the utilization and novel application of data and theories/models.
    Keywords: high performance concrete (HPC) ; experimental parameters ; data-driven analysis ; pre-project material testing ; pairwise comparison analysis ; correlation analysis ; cosine similarity ; predictive regression modelling ; heat map ; variable transform ; energy generation ; green energy ; wind turbines ; fan-blade damage ; mechanical condition monitoring system ; fault diagnosis ; maintenance by prediction ; accelerometer ; vibration data ; big-data analytics ; reliability analysis ; RC slab-column structure ; machine learning ; Monte Carlo simulation ; shapley additive explanation ; wireless sensor network ; historic building ; real-time monitoring ; recycling of waste materials ; water-to-binder ratio (W/B ratio) ; waste PE ; cement mortar ; durability ; steel assembly bracing ; foundation pit ; environmental temperature ; vibration analysis ; building information model ; 3D point cloud ; semantic segmentation ; deep learning ; highway data quality assessment ; data quality dimensions ; semiotic framework ; decision-making ; construction image ; artificial intelligence ; object detection ; single shot multibox detector (SSD) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has undergone enormous expansion since its inception in the mid-20th century, as demonstrated by its application across an array of engineering and scientific challenges. Particularly in the last decade, AI has witnessed a significant breakthrough with the advent of deep learning, which has facilitated the employment of various AI models across a multitude of domains. This reprint features ten papers accepted for publication in the Special Issue titled "Advanced Artificial Intelligence Models and Their Applications," published in the MDPI Mathematics journal. These papers explore numerous facets of advanced artificial intelligence models and their applications, covering areas such as cybersecurity, image classification, logistics optimization, automatic music generation, human capital investment, writer recognition, remote sensing image indexing, target tracking, and more. These diverse subjects highlight the extensive scope and capability of AI models in tackling intricate challenges across distinct fields, underlining the vast potential inherent in this cutting-edge technology.
    Keywords: target features ; siamese trackers ; lightweight network ; target tracking ; chaotic system ; fruit fly optimization algorithm ; quantum-inspired computation ; parameter estimation ; neural network ; binary hash code ; image retrieval ; remote sensing ; writer recognition ; self-supervised learning ; embeddings ; dimension reduction ; clustering ; twin network ; Big Five personality test ; artificial intelligence ; human resources ; employee selection ; teamwork ; machine learning ; automatic music generation ; generative pre-training ; embedding ; representation learning ; logistics management ; artificial immune systems ; vehicle routing problem ; cross-docking ; automotive ; condition monitoring ; predictive maintenance ; deep learning ; class-imbalance learning ; feature clustering ; long-tailed classification ; classwise splitting ; SQL injection attacks ; recurrent neural network (RNN) autoencoder ; ANN ; CNN ; decision tree ; naive Bayes ; SVM ; random forest ; logistic regression ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Medical imaging and computational biology continuously pose new fundamental medical and biological questions that often give rise to novel challenges in Artificial Intelligence. These research fields present an increasing need for the application of cutting-edge computational approaches that generally involve machine learning or computational intelligence techniques, which can effectively perform bioimage and biosignal processing in different clinical areas.
    Keywords: distribution patterns ; fibroblast cells ; HCT-8 colon-cancer cells ; nature-inspired techniques ; quantification ; segmentation ; myocardial infarction ; vectorcardiogram ; multivariate VMD ; deep CNN ; accuracy ; deep learning ; image segmentation ; brain tumors ; radiosurgery ; magnetic resonance imaging ; age-related macular degeneration ; choroidal neovascularization ; convolutional neural networks ; image classification ; optical coherence tomography angiography ; brain metastasis ; glioblastoma ; machine learning ; oxygenation ; tumor infiltration ; breast cancer detection ; microwave breast imaging ; computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) ; first-in-human (FiH) study ; semantic segmentation ; triceps surae muscle ; medical image segmentation ; breast cancer ; pattern recognition ; clinical feasibility ; computer-assisted segmentation ; artificial intelligence ; orthopedics ; neural network ; mandible ; craniomaxillofacial bone ; multi-center ; histopathology ; lung cancer ; supervised segmentation ; unsupervised segmentation ; stroke ; fine tactile sensation ; electroencephalography ; evaluation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint contains original research and review chapters concerning the latest advancements in various topics related to pediatric fractures. Topics include fractures of the face, clavicle, shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist, pelvis, femur, and tibia; special considerations focus on osteogenesis imperfecta patients; and consideration is also given to general pediatric fracture topics, such as the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, mortality after pediatric trauma, the effects of NSAID and electronic cigarette use, and chapters on epidemiology and physical activity.
    Keywords: 3D ultrasonography ; wrist ; fractures ; pediatric ; artificial intelligence ; humerus fracture ; proximal humeral fracture ; children ; plate fixation ; ORIF ; tissue entrapment ; biceps ; COVID-19 ; pediatric trauma HUB ; outbreak ; ER admissions ; pediatric fractures ; pediatric injuries ; non-accidental trauma ; self-defense ; violence ; adolescent ; dexterity ; biomechanics ; shock index ; pediatric age-adjusted shock index ; trauma ; pediatric trauma ; mortality ; forearm malunion ; osteotomy ; patient-specific guides ; 3D ; NSAIDs ; ibuprofen ; fracture healing ; pediatrics ; evidence-based recommendations ; recurrent patellar dislocation ; knee injury ; medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction ; supracondylar humerus fracture ; vascular injury ; brachial artery injuries ; bone fractures ; osteogenesis imperfecta ; clavicle ; fracture ; pseudarthrosis ; treatment ; diagnosis ; e-cigarette ; vaping ; adolescent health ; pediatric orthopedics ; surgery ; orthopedics ; supracondylar humerus ; night ; reduction ; after-hours ; brittle bone disease ; rehabilitation ; collagen ; injury prevention ; fracture risk ; global recommendations on physical activity for health ; SQUASH questionnaire ; multi-center ; adolescents ; pediatric orbital fracture ; orbital trapdoor fracture ; n/a ; titanium elastic nails ; tibial fracture ; elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) ; physeal ; physis ; long-bone fractures in children ; pediatric facial fractures ; etiology ; epidemiology ; Romania ; fat pad sign (FPS) ; elbow ; survey ; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) ; intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) ; anterior fat pad sign (AFPS) ; posterior fat pad sign (PFPS) ; apophysial avulsion ; rectus femoris tendon ; sport ; pediatric radial neck fracture ; radial neck angulation ; elbow motion ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Though the number of infants born with heart disease each year is relatively small (approximately 1% of the population), it is still a substantial issue worthy of investigation, which is why this Special Issue focuses on congenital heart disease in both children and adults. Advances in the treatment of such malformations have led to increased life spans for this population. Consequently, today, most patients treated for congenital heart disease are adults. The purpose of this Special Issue is to deal with the latest developments in the care of the fetus, infants and children, and how these patients should be treated, as well as to describe the results of follow-ups and the potential special needs of adults with congenital heart disease.
    Keywords: congenital heart disease ; STE echocardiography ; atria ; pediatric cardiac surgery ; CT angiography ; Fallot tetralogy ; coronary arteries ; aortic arch anomalies ; brain abnormalities ; Doppler velocimetry ; artificial intelligence ; pediatric cardiology ; machine learning ; congenital heart diseases ; ventricular septal defect ; child development ; psychological adjustment ; quality of life ; stress ; adolescence ; longitudinal study ; mental health ; cortisol ; coronary vessels anomalies ; anomalous origin of the left circumflex coronary artery from the pulmonary artery ; ALXCAPA ; coronary CT angiography ; patent ductus arteriosus ; pulmonary hypertension ; transcatheter closure ; risk factor ; prognosis ; Fontan procedure ; single ventricle ; miscarriage ; pregnancy ; prematurity ; Fontan circulation ; Fontan-associated liver disease ; cholestasis ; bile acids ; hemostasis ; thromboprophylaxis ; acquired von Willebrand syndrome ; echocardiography ; borderline right ventricles ; scores ; pediatrics ; adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) ; transcatheter valve repair ; atrioventricular (AV) regurgitation ; hybrid ; transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) ; Cardioband ; valve-in-valve (ViV) ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: This reprint captures recent advancements in the introduction, usage, and adoption of smart and digital disruptive technologies in the built environment. It consists of 17 chapters covering a range of topics and article types. The key topics include the adoption of smart technologies, automation, and disruption in the built environment, such as wearable devices and augmented reality in construction safety, electronic process monitoring for construction tasks, digital capture of buildings through point clouds, UAVs, and LIDAR, BIM for a learning environment, underground works and wood construction, collaborative information management technologies in construction, techniques for structural health monitoring and evaluation, construction risk management, inclusive walking communities, smart spin models for cities, landfill and waste management in cities, and circular economy in construction for sustainable development.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; building corrosion detection ; building damage detection ; civil infrastructure crack detection ; civil infrastructure inspection ; image processing ; machine learning ; unmanned aerial vehicles ; BIM ; BIM-enabled learning ; BIM education ; virtual learning environment ; AEC-FM ; underground works ; innovation ; common data environment ; wearable device ; bibliometric analysis ; construction safety ; CiteSpace ; LIDAR ; TLS ; UAV ; point cloud ; 3D modelling ; occupational risk prevention (ORP) ; collective protection elements (CPE) ; construction safety inspection ; augmented reality ; building information modeling (BIM) ; construction industry ; geographic information systems ; landfill site selection ; landfill site ranking ; remote sensing ; solid waste ; solid waste management ; causal loop diagram ; profitability-influencing risk factors ; profitability-influencing risk categories ; system dynamics ; systems thinking ; China Pakistan Economic Corridor ; host country attitude towards foreigners ; legal risk ; political risk ; project performance ; social safety risk ; construction supply chain ; collaborative technologies ; information complexity ; information management ; smart city industry ; industrial ecosystem ; spectrum ; penetration ; impact ; network ; input–output table ; new mega-subcontrolled structural system (MSCSS) ; steel plate shear wall (SPSW) ; infill panel ; plastic deformation ; nonlinear dynamic analysis ; energy dissipation ; circular economy ; sustainable development ; building information modelling (BIM) ; wood construction ; grounded theory ; electronic performance monitoring ; wearable devices ; process modelling ; multivariate statistical analysis ; inclusive city ; digital tool ; age-friendly ; walkability ; accessibility ; multi-criteria evaluation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This reprint contains 15 articles from the Special Issue of the MDPI journal Processes on "Machine Learning-Assisted Intelligent Processing and Optimization of Complex Systems". These articles focus on the most recent developments in intelligent optimization methods and their applications in various test cases. The reprint covers various topics, including distributed multiagent modeling, metaheuristic algorithms, multisource data fusion, mobile computing and mobile sensing, machine learning-based intelligent processing for modeling complex manufacturing systems, and data-driven intelligent modeling.Focusing on the abovementioned subjects, this reprint can be useful for researchers interested in intelligent optimization techniques and their applications in the fields of artificial intelligence and machine learning. We believe that this reprint will encourage the convergence between many communities.
    Keywords: Chilo suppressalis ; meteorological data ; time series analysis ; DeepAR ; deep learning ; integrated pest management ; text vectorization ; topic model ; pretrained model ; transfer learning ; drop impact ; maximum spreading diameter ; scaling laws ; analytical models ; machine learning ; agribusiness ; optimization of the production flow ; cold storage management ; endogenous fruits ; peaches ; lean tools ; 5S ; Kaizen ; Value Stream Mapping ; inappropriately wearing facemask ; mask detection ; UAV edge network ; popularity prediction ; cache strategy ; artificial bee colony ; turbulence ; passive scalar ; convolutional neural network ; estimating diffusion source distance ; leaking gas detection ; waste marble powder ; flexural strength ; support vector machines ; Gaussian processes ; ANFIS ; cross-domain ; MEC ; resource allocation ; IIOT ; knowledge graph ; knowledge structuring ; entity extraction methods ; asset administration shell ; process industry entity relationship networks ; Industry 5.0 ; human-centricity ; human-centred ; I5.0 technologies ; artificial intelligence ; robotics ; cyber-physical systems ; digitalization ; acoustic signal ; fault diagnosis ; adaptive multi-threshold segmentation ; subdomain adaptation ; variable speed condition ; local maximum mean discrepancy ; weed detection ; weed classification ; support decision-making algorithm ; fruit detection ; disease detection ; CNN ; performance metrics ; agriculture ; deep learning neural network ; process control ; hydraulic fracture ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: Recently, microfluidic, nanofluidic and lab-on-a-chip devices have gained particular attention in biomedical applications. Due to their advantages, such as miniaturization, versatility, ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and the potential to replace animal models for drug development and testing, these devices hold tremendous potential to revolutionize the research of more effective treatments for several diseases that threaten human life. With integrated biosensors, these devices allow the development and design of micro- and nanoparticles to be studied in detail, modelling human physiology, investigating the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying disease formation and progression, and gaining insights into the performance and long-term effects of responsive drug delivery nanocarriers. This Special Issue gathered research papers, and review articles focusing on novel microfluidic, nanofluidic and lab-on-a-chip devices for biomedical applications, addressing all steps related to fabrication, biosensor integration and development, characterization, numerical simulations and validation of the devices, optimization and, the translation of these devices from research labs to industry settings.
    Keywords: protein biomarker ; microarray ; microfluidic cassette ; multiplex measurement ; immunoassay ; point-of-care testing ; microfluidic device ; small intestine ; ex vivo ; histology ; embedded resin ; sectioning ; peptide biosensor ; lab-on-a-chip ; label-free detection ; peptide aptamers ; protein biomarkers ; microfluidic biochip ; troponin T ; computational simulations ; drug discovery ; organ-on-a-chip ; microfluidic devices ; preclinical models ; numerical simulations ; automation ; non-enzymatic ; DNA amplification ; L-DNA ; microfluidic ; fluorescence ; paper microfluidics ; sweat ; sensing ; hydrogels ; lactate ; osmotic pumping ; evaporation ; capillary ; wicking ; biochemical assay ; microfluidics ; cell trap ; RBC ; evolutionary algorithm ; generative design ; artificial intelligence ; organ-on-chip ; liver-on-chip ; liver disease ; multi-level microfluidic device ; live cell imaging ; long-term microscopy imaging ; focus drifting ; immersion oil viscosity ; bacterial population dynamics ; single-cell studies ; E. coli ; mother machine ; computational fluid dynamics ; cancer-on-chip ; xenograft ; colorectal cancer ; pharmacodynamics ; pharmacokinetics ; drug efficacy ; oxaliplatin ; microfabrication ; microphysiological system ; biophysical stimuli ; biochemical stimuli ; in vitro cell culture ; cortical neurons ; hippocampal neurons ; electrical stimulation ; Micro-Electrode Arrays ; engineered neuronal networks ; polydimethylsiloxane ; microchannels ; in vivo micro bioreactor ; additive manufacturing ; poly-(ethylene glycol)-diacrylate ; biocompatibility ; COVID-19 ; diagnosis ; image analysis ; PCR ; SARS-CoV-2 ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Antimicrobial resistance remains a major concern in medicine, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, where microbial infections were frequent complications. To combat drug-resistant pathogens, there has been a renewed interest in the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). This reprint focuses on the in-silico approaches used for the rational discovery and design of AMPs. Such computational methodologies range from classical homology-based and machine-learning prediction algorithms to complex similarity networks and evolutionary algorithms that use models of sequence evolution. Furthermore, the reprint explores the improvement of high-throughput screening techniques in the discovery of AMPs from biological samples, which has also led to the evolution of computational approaches that aid in this biodiscovery process. The reprint contains original research and review papers, which serve as valuable references for researchers dedicated to peptide drug development.
    Keywords: cancer ; tumor-homing peptide ; in silico drug discovery ; complex network ; chemical space network ; centrality measure ; similarity searching ; group fusion ; motif discovery ; starPep toolbox software ; FOF1-ATP synthase ; allosteric inhibition ; structure-based drug design ; evolutionary and PPI algorithms ; peptide design ; artificial intelligence ; machine learning ; AMPs ; evolutionary algorithms ; molecular descriptors ; complex networks ; proteogenomics ; antimicrobial peptide ; AMP discovery ; genome mining ; antimicrobial resistance ; Streptomyces ; secondary metabolites ; genome ; biosynthetic gene clusters ; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ; mass spectrometry ; amphipathic peptides ; multifunctional ; design ; penetratins ; antimicrobial ; antiviral ; anticancer ; anti-inflammatory ; cell-penetrating ; non-toxic ; cathelicidins ; antimicrobial peptides ; LL-37 ; biofilms ; abscess model ; skin model ; reptiles ; Apicomplexan ; bioactive peptides ; toxoplasmosis ; cryptosporidiosis ; malaria ; antibacterial peptide ; AMPs database ; StarPep ; Gram staining-based target ; peptide library screening ; human peptidome ; redox system ; Cryptococcus neoformans ; ROS metabolism ; ergosterol ; synthetic antimicrobial peptides ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Modernization in the agriculture sector is important to ensure food security and poverty alleviation, which are the primary themes of UN-SDGs. There are many challenges in developing advanced agricultural techniques, tools, and systems, by which sustainable agriculture and food security can be satisfied. Worldwide, agricultural mechanization and modernization can be attained with advancements in agricultural engineering technologies and their associated applications. The concept is directly linked to the technological advancements in agricultural automation and robotics; precision agriculture; high-efficiency irrigation systems; farm energy systems; handling, storage, and processing of agricultural products; livestock and poultry sheds; farm water/wastewater management; biomass, biogas, and biochar; remote sensing and geographical studies; societal aspects in agriculture; and the associated bioenvironment. Such advances in agricultural engineering technologies and applications are the need of the 21st century, particularly from the viewpoint of the agricultural water–energy–food security nexus. Therefore, this Special Issue comprises original research and review studies in the abovementioned research areas.
    Keywords: wet rice ; adhesion ; hot airflow ; dispersion characteristic ; minimum suspension speed ; surface water content ; pipe diameter ; operation frequency ; genetic algorithm ; rotation irrigation sectoring ; irrigation cost ; energy cost ; network cost ; pick-up device ; stretchable style ; kinematical analysis ; seedling picking test ; cropping pattern ; water stress ; LCC area ; surface water availability ; CROPWAT ; Ananas comosus ; somatic embryogenesis ; micropropagation ; organogenesis ; SSR markers ; ISSR markers ; pineapple ; cantaloupe bowl seedlings transplanting ; mechanical equipment ; institutional design ; field test ; data analysis and discussion ; up-cut rotary blade ; edge curve ; Cyperus esculentus plant ; flexible model ; arch shed ; automatic cuttage ; force feedback ; simulation design ; trajectory planning ; Chrysanthemum indicum L. ; maximum shear force ; finite element ; calibration ; single-bud ; billet planter ; planting uniformity ; numerical simulation ; seed-filling ; single-bud billet ; seed-metering ; EDEM ; wheel-track high clearance chassis ; walking performance ; climbing angle ; simulation ; rape windrower ; longitudinal axial flow ; flexible ; millet threshing device ; staggered threshing element ; micro rotary tubular concave screen ; machine learning ; deep learning ; plant leaf diseases ; photovoltaic module ; LED lighting system ; power grid ; step-up converter ; efficient power take-off ; monitoring system ; Codonopsis planting ; ditching device ; working parameters ; EDEM simulation ; orthogonal test ; air-blast sprayer ; precision spraying ; spray control parameter ; three-factor regression analysis ; highly efficient soil return ; liquid fertilizer deep application technique ; DEM ; soil bin test ; combine harvester ; differential inverse gearbox ; order analysis ; fault diagnosis method ; fatigue test ; tractor ; diesel engine ; emission ; artificial neural network ; improved particle swarm algorithm ; computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ; eave height ; natural ventilation ; venlo greenhouse ; fertilization uniformity ; closed-loop control ; single-chip microcomputer ; fuzzy PID ; solid-fertilizer-dissolving device ; precision fertilizer application ; BP neural network ; PSO optimization algorithm ; PID control ; watermelon ; sonication ; microwave ; synergistic effects ; quality characteristics ; electro-hydraulic hitch system ; tillage depth adjustment ; tillage depth control algorithm ; key components ; maize ; soil ; cavity planter ; interaction mechanism ; verification ; ultrasonic sensor ; canopy leaf area density ; ultrasonic echo signal ; verification experiment ; potato planter ; soil cultivation ; mechanization ; seed metering device ; intelligent seeding ; broiler house ; building energy simulation ; forecasting system ; heat stress index ; temperature humidity index (THI) ; smart agriculture ; greenhouse technologies ; artificial intelligence ; agricultural waste ; nano-activated carbon ; adsorption ; wastewater treatment ; modification ; agricultural engineering ; irrigation and drainage system ; pumping station ; sump ; hydraulic characteristics ; entropy production ; onion ; transplanting ; air-feeding seed discharge system ; seed tube ; gas-solid two-phase flow ; computer simulation ; discrete element method ; cotton stalk particles ; contact parameters ; response surface methodology ; image classification ; lightweight neural networks ; zea mays ; ECA attention ; CycleGAN ; tangential threshing ; vibration analysis ; FFT demodulation ; random vibration analysis ; bearing fault ; machine condition ; sustainable development goals ; agri-food security ; equality ; information and communication technologies ; technology 4.0 ; uplift resistance ; continuous pipe foundation ; single-span plastic greenhouse ; pipe connector ; vegetable greenhouses ; multi-arch greenhouses ; arch cross type ; resistance to the typhoon ; online non-destructive detection ; structure of plant stems ; ultrasonic feature ; feature extraction ; feature contribution ; backyard farming ; self-assembly ; vertical expansion ; factory in a box ; automated farming ; vertical farming ; sustainable farm ; aerogels ; porous materials ; agricultural activated carbon ; fine-grained ; attention mechanism ; maturity classification ; open-world ; solar air heater (SAH) ; computational fluid dynamics ; performance optimization ; milk powder ; agricultural drying ; post-harvest losses ; spices ; paneer ; storage ; proximate ; composition ; sensory evaluation ; antioxidant potential ; environmental monitoring ; imputation ; pig house ; recurrent neural network ; agriculture advancement ; large scale solar ; natural cooling ; agrivoltaic ; sustainability ; tractor-trailer ; trajectory tracking ; prescribed performance ; model predictive control ; robust sliding mode control ; stubble-crushing ; plain straight blade ; DEM-CFD ; dynamic motion ; seedbed preparation ; strip tillage ; energy saving ; F-ASHP model ; nursery pig ; storage pen ; Simulink ; industrial hemp ; bionic blade ; cutting energy consumption ; parameter optimization ; conservation tillage technology ; adoption of time persistence ; nonparametric K-M survival analysis method ; discrete duration model ; cavitation ; pretreatment ; jet-driven Helmholtz oscillator ; anaerobic digestion ; tea bud detection ; YOLOv5 ; depth camera ; pose estimation ; CAM ; OPVSM ; prediction models ; hyperspectral image ; PLSR model ; AdaBoost ; XGBoost ; LightGBM ; agricultural sensor network ; EMP-ZBR ; network topology ; routing transmission algorithm ; UV-A LED ; laser fly control ; light trap ; fungus gnats ; mushroom pests ; corn seeds ; collision recovery coefficient ; static friction coefficient ; multi-point collision ; sound waveform ; characteristic dimensions ; bulb tubular pump ; bulb form ; optimization design ; hydraulic performance ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Artificial intelligence technologies are also actively applied to broadcasting and multimedia processing technologies. A lot of research has been conducted in a wide variety of fields, such as content creation, transmission, and security, and these attempts have been made in the past two to three years to improve image, video, speech, and other data compression efficiency in areas related to MPEG media processing technology. Additionally, technologies such as media creation, processing, editing, and creating scenarios are very important areas of research in multimedia processing and engineering. This book contains a collection of some topics broadly across advanced computational intelligence algorithms and technologies for emerging multimedia signal processing as: Computer vision field, speech/sound/text processing, and content analysis/information mining.
    Keywords: human-height estimation ; depth video ; depth 3D conversion ; artificial intelligence ; convolutional neural networks ; deep neural network ; convolutional neural network ; environmental sound recognition ; feature combination ; multimodal joint representation ; content curation social networks ; different recommend tasks ; content based recommend systems ; scene/place classification ; semantic segmentation ; deep learning ; weighting matrix ; speech enhancement ; generative adversarial network ; relativistic GAN ; lightweight neural network ; single image super-resolution ; image enhancement ; image restoration ; residual dense networks ; visual sentiment analysis ; sentiment classification ; graph convolutional networks ; generative adversarial networks ; traffic surveillance image processing ; image de-raining ; fluency evaluation ; speech recognition ; data augmentation ; variational autoencoder ; speech conversion ; heartbeat classification ; convolutional neural network (CNN) ; canonical correlation analysis (CCA) ; Indian Sign Language (ISL) ; natural language processing ; avatar ; sign movement ; context-free grammar ; object detection ; logical story unit detection (LSU) ; object re-ID ; computer vision ; image processing ; single image artifacts reduction ; dense networks ; residual networks ; channel attention networks ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Computational Intelligence (CI) is the theory, design, application, and development of biologically and linguistically motivated computational paradigms. Traditionally, the three main pillars of CI have been neural networks, fuzzy systems, and evolutionary computation. However, in time, many nature-inspired computing paradigms have evolved. Thus, CI is an evolving field, and, at present, in addition to the three main constituents, it encompasses computing paradigms such as ambient intelligence, artificial life, cultural learning, artificial endocrine networks, social reasoning, and artificial hormone networks. CI plays a major role in developing successful intelligent systems, including games and cognitive developmental systems. Over the last few years, there has been an explosion of research on deep learning, specifically deep convolutional neural networks, and deep learning has become the core method for artificial intelligence. In fact, some of the most successful AI systems today are based on CI. Therefore, this reprint focuses on the theoretical study of computational intelligence and its applications.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence ; deep learning ; AlphaZero ; NoGo games ; reinforcement learning ; evolutionary algorithm ; convolutional neural network ; transfer learning ; image classification ; large-scale multiobjective optimization ; sparse unmixing ; hyperspectral image ; opponent exploitation ; no-limit Texas hold’em ; neuroevolution ; online update ; reliable evaluation strategy ; active–frozen memory model ; visual tracking ; evolutionary multitasking ; particle swarm optimization ; multipopulation optimization ; computational intelligence ; medical image segmentation ; convolutional neural networks ; weakly supervised segmentation ; attention mechanism ; HCNNs ; progressive deep learning ; disease screening ; multi-target tracking ; evolutionary optimization ; random finite set ; joint integrated probabilistic data association ; few-shot learning ; medical image classification ; spatial attention ; crop insect pest identification ; convolutional neural network (CNN) ; capsule network (CapsNet) ; multi-scale convolution-capsule network (MSCCN) ; image retrieval ; Transformer ; self-attention ; knowledge distillation ; hashing learning ; Kuroshio Extension Observatory ; sound speed profile ; self-organizing map ; circle chaotic map ; Levy flight ; nonlinear adaptive weight ; tuna swarm optimization ; quality of experience ; human perception ; electroencephalogram ; crop disease leaf image segmentation (CDLIS) ; U-Net ; dilated convolution ; lightweight multi-scale dilated U-Net (LWMSDU-Net) ; crystal structure algorithm ; golden sine algorithm ; levy flight ; engineering optimization problems ; people counting ; CSI ; cross-modal learning network ; graph neural network ; propagation mechanism ; data-driven method ; gastrointestinal stromal tumor ; semi-supervised learning ; self-training ; object detection ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Medical imaging and computational biology continuously pose new fundamental medical and biological questions that often give rise to novel challenges in Artificial Intelligence. These research fields present an increasing need for the application of cutting-edge computational approaches that generally involve machine learning or computational intelligence techniques, which can effectively perform bioimage and biosignal processing in different clinical areas.
    Keywords: distribution patterns ; fibroblast cells ; HCT-8 colon-cancer cells ; nature-inspired techniques ; quantification ; segmentation ; myocardial infarction ; vectorcardiogram ; multivariate VMD ; deep CNN ; accuracy ; deep learning ; image segmentation ; brain tumors ; radiosurgery ; magnetic resonance imaging ; age-related macular degeneration ; choroidal neovascularization ; convolutional neural networks ; image classification ; optical coherence tomography angiography ; brain metastasis ; glioblastoma ; machine learning ; oxygenation ; tumor infiltration ; breast cancer detection ; microwave breast imaging ; computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) ; first-in-human (FiH) study ; semantic segmentation ; triceps surae muscle ; medical image segmentation ; breast cancer ; pattern recognition ; clinical feasibility ; computer-assisted segmentation ; artificial intelligence ; orthopedics ; neural network ; mandible ; craniomaxillofacial bone ; multi-center ; histopathology ; lung cancer ; supervised segmentation ; unsupervised segmentation ; stroke ; fine tactile sensation ; electroencephalography ; evaluation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The presence of pollutants (i.e., emerging contaminants, radionuclides, potential toxic metals, dyes, etc.) in water has a negative impact on the environment and presents a potential health risk for inhabitants. Among the existing technologies (i.e., advanced oxidation process, membrane filtration, biodegradation, etc.) that are used to remove them from water, adsorption has garnered significant interest due to its low cost and fast removal. The development of advanced materials and their application for water treatments have recently caught the attention of researchers.This reprint aimed to establish updated information on adsorption technology for water and wastewater treatments. The submissions selected for this SI focus on (1) applying reality technology for water and wastewater treatments and (2) exploring detailed adsorption mechanisms using current data (i.e., comparing changes in the properties of adsorbents before and after adsorption using appropriate techniques).
    Keywords: antimony ; hydroxy-iron ; sepiolite ; adsorption ; carbon nanomaterials ; magnetite ; captopril ; phenol ; activated carbon ; modeling ; k-nearest neighbor ; gray wolf optimizer ; fluorine removal ; capacitive deionization ; mesoporous carbon ; nitrogen doping ; pharmaceuticals ; dyes ; clays ; isotherm ; kinetics ; water treatment ; Zr-doped G-C3N4 ; wastewater treatment ; mineral pollutant ; catalysts regeneration ; adsorption kinetics ; pseudo-second-order model ; nonlinear method ; linear method ; sugarcane bagasse ; olive mills wastewater ; factorial design ; phenol adsorption ; different clays ; adsorption mechanism ; physics-statistics modeling ; conducting polymers ; Cr (VI) management ; nanocomposites ; zinc oxide ; bioremediation ; hydrophytes ; algae ; heavy metals ; wastewater ; magnetic Fe-C-N composite ; chromium ; reduction ; coagulation sludge ; pyrolyzation ; mechanism ; modelling ; artificial intelligence ; emerging pollutant ; machine learning ; statistical physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Knowledge engineering and data mining are fundamental topics in the area of artificial intelligence and knowledge-based systems. This Special Issue covers the entire knowledge engineering pipeline: from data acquisition and data mining to knowledge extraction and exploitation. The reader will find topics including data mining methods, multidimensional data analysis, supervised and unsupervised learning methods, methods of knowledge-based management, language ontologies, ontology learning, and others.
    Keywords: computing-intensive data ; dynamic programming ; loop nest tiling ; parallel code ; OpenMP C/C++ ; credit scoring ; cash loans ; machine learning ; decision model ; classification ; feature selection ; resampling ; discretization ; knowledge representation ; formal ontologies ; graph databases ; evaluation feature selection ; evaluation model ; psychosocial education ; recommendation systems ; rank aggregation ; differential evolution ; supervised learning ; matrix factorization ; metaheuristic ; clinical named entity recognition ; Chinese medical text ; pre-trained model ; systematic review ; multicriteria ; MCDA ; MCDM ; MADM ; MODM ; AHP ; TOPSIS ; VIKOR ; PROMETHEE ; ANP ; computer-aided design (CAD) ; educational data mining ; engineering education ; online and hybrid learning environments ; social media analytics ; soft tissue ; gamma correction ; landmark detection ; X-ray images ; facial profile ; prediction ; artificial neural network ; support vector machine ; random forest ; regression ; offshore wave ; wind speed ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; UAV smoke show ; mobile networks ; artificial intelligence ; healthcare ; database design ; geospatial data ; software ; knowledge management ; reasoning ; information extraction ; rule mining ; knowledge acquisition ; engineering ; ontology ; knowledge base ; sustainable supplier selection ; ontology population ; knowledge acquisition from text ; knowledge mining ; drug–drug interaction ; graph convolutional network ; self-attention ; deep learning ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: In recent years, AI/ML tools have become more prevalent in the fields of medical imaging and imaging informatics, where systems are already outperforming physicians in a range of domains, such as in the classification of retinal fundus images in ophthalmology, chest X-rays in radiology, and skin cancer detection in dermatology, among many others. It has recently emerged as one of the fastest growing research areas given the evolution of techniques in radiology, molecular imaging, anatomical imaging, and functional imaging for detection, segmentation, diagnosis, annotation, summarization, and prediction. The ongoing innovations in this exciting and promising field play a powerful role in influencing the lives of millions through health, safety, education, and other opportunities intended to be shared across all segments of society. To achieve further progress, this Special Issue (SI) invited both research and review-type manuscripts to showcase ongoing research progress and development based on applications of AI/ML (especially DL techniques) in medical imaging to influence human health and healthcare systems in the diagnostic decision-making process. The SI published fourteen articles after a rigorous peer-review process across the spectrum of medical imaging modalities and the diversity of specialties depending on imaging techniques from radiology, dermatology, pathology, colonoscopy, endoscopy, etc.
    Keywords: machine learning ; feature selection ; osteoporosis ; postmenopausal women ; pre-screening ; risk assessment ; colorectal cancer ; colon polyp ; image features ; convolutional neural network ; artificial intelligence ; radiomics ; pancreatic imaging ; MRI ; CT ; PET ; acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) ; blood smear ; convolutional neural networks ; deep learning ; white blood cells ; dysarthria ; gated recurrent units ; ordinal classification ; multi-instance learning ; weak supervision ; breast cancer ; key instance ; uncertainty select ; mammography ; deep neural network ; classification ; HAM10000 ; skin lesion ; ESRGAN ; medical imaging ; healthcare ; decision making ; cervical cancer ; ensemble learning ; Internet of Medical Things ; oral cancer ; biomedical imaging ; Inception model ; hybrid deep learning ; COVID-19 CT-scan ; 3D image segmentation ; 3D UNet ; 3D ResUNet ; 3D VGGUNet ; 3D DenseUNet ; ultrasonic imaging ; kidney ; object detection ; vision loss ; diabetic retinopathy ; image enhancement ; APTOS ; stand-alone artificial intelligence ; radiology ; benchmarking ; population screening ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Cardiothoracic and pulmonary diseases are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the lack of access to clinical care, the overburdened medical system, and the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving medicine. There are a variety of diseases affecting the cardiopulmonary system including lung cancers, heart disease, tuberculosis (TB), etc., in addition to COVID-19-related diseases. Screening, diagnosis, and management of cardiopulmonary diseases has become difficult owing to the limited availability of diagnostic tools and experts, particularly in resource-limited regions. Early screening, accurate diagnosis and staging of these diseases could play a crucial role in treatment and care, and potentially aid in reducing mortality. Radiographic imaging methods such as computed tomography (CT), chest X-rays (CXRs), and echo ultrasound (US) are widely used in screening and diagnosis. Research on using image-based AI and machine learning (ML) methods can help in rapid assessment, serve as surrogates for expert assessment, and reduce variability in human performance. In this Special Issue, “Artificial Intelligence in Image-Based Screening, Diagnostics, and Clinical Care of Cardiopulmonary Diseases”, we have highlighted exemplary primary research studies and literature reviews focusing on novel AI/ML methods and their application in image-based screening, diagnosis, and clinical management of cardiopulmonary diseases. We hope that these articles will help establish the advancements in AI.
    Keywords: lung ; conventional radiography ; diagnostic procedure ; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; COVID-19 ; computed tomography ; lungs ; variability ; segmentation ; hybrid deep learning ; artificial intelligence ; deep learning ; computer-based devices ; radiology ; thoracic diagnostic imaging ; chest X-ray ; CT ; observer tests ; performance ; lung CT images ; nodule detection ; VGG-SegNet ; pre-trained VGG19 ; cardiac amyloidosis ; AL/TTR amyloidosis ; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ; left ventricular hypertrophy ; convolutional neural network ; Tuberculosis (TB) ; drug resistance ; chest X-rays ; generalization ; localization ; Electrical Impedance Tomography ; lung imaging ; cardiopulmonary monitoring ; aorta ; lung cancer ; pulmonary artery ; pulmonary hypertension ; modality-specific knowledge ; object detection ; RetinaNet ; ensemble learning ; pneumonia ; mean average precision ; source data set ; supervised classification ; coronary artery disease ; machine learning ; cardiopulmonary disease ; faster CNN ; medical imaging ; X-rays ; transfer learning ; explainability ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In modern industries, induction motors are the backbone of numerous applications, powering everything from manufacturing facilities to transportation systems. While they are known for their reliability, unexpected failures can still occur, leading to increased operational costs, facility damage, or service interruptions. "Early Detection and Fault Diagnosis of Induction Motors" is a comprehensive volume that compiles ten innovative journal articles focused on maintaining these machines. The papers explore a variety of techniques that introduce new ideas to the field.
    Keywords: fault detection ; fault diagnosis ; frequency analysis ; induction motors ; rotating machines ; signal processing ; spectral analysis ; time-frequency decompositions ; bearing diagnosis ; early damage detection ; unlabeled learning ; deep learning ; dynamic information fusion ; induction motor ; electric machine ; machine learning ; supervised learning ; data-driven ; power connection failures ; condition monitoring ; induction machines ; negative sequence currents ; shorted turn faults ; phasor compensation ; Prony method ; broken rotor bar ; fast Fourier transform ; current signal analysis ; artificial intelligence ; early detection ; fault severity ; incipient fault ; fault-tolerant control ; AC machines ; back EMF ; feedforward compensation ; multiple coupled circuit model ; parameter identification ; fault classification ; measurement techniques ; physical variables ; signal analysis ; ITSC fault ; traction motor ; apFFT ; SVM ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Modernization in the agriculture sector is important to ensure food security and poverty alleviation, which are the primary themes of UN-SDGs. There are many challenges in developing advanced agricultural techniques, tools, and systems, by which sustainable agriculture and food security can be satisfied. Worldwide, agricultural mechanization and modernization can be attained with advancements in agricultural engineering technologies and their associated applications. The concept is directly linked to the technological advancements in agricultural automation and robotics; precision agriculture; high-efficiency irrigation systems; farm energy systems; handling, storage, and processing of agricultural products; livestock and poultry sheds; farm water/wastewater management; biomass, biogas, and biochar; remote sensing and geographical studies; societal aspects in agriculture; and the associated bioenvironment. Such advances in agricultural engineering technologies and applications are the need of the 21st century, particularly from the viewpoint of the agricultural water–energy–food security nexus. Therefore, this Special Issue comprises original research and review studies in the abovementioned research areas.
    Keywords: wet rice ; adhesion ; hot airflow ; dispersion characteristic ; minimum suspension speed ; surface water content ; pipe diameter ; operation frequency ; genetic algorithm ; rotation irrigation sectoring ; irrigation cost ; energy cost ; network cost ; pick-up device ; stretchable style ; kinematical analysis ; seedling picking test ; cropping pattern ; water stress ; LCC area ; surface water availability ; CROPWAT ; Ananas comosus ; somatic embryogenesis ; micropropagation ; organogenesis ; SSR markers ; ISSR markers ; pineapple ; cantaloupe bowl seedlings transplanting ; mechanical equipment ; institutional design ; field test ; data analysis and discussion ; up-cut rotary blade ; edge curve ; Cyperus esculentus plant ; flexible model ; arch shed ; automatic cuttage ; force feedback ; simulation design ; trajectory planning ; Chrysanthemum indicum L. ; maximum shear force ; finite element ; calibration ; single-bud ; billet planter ; planting uniformity ; numerical simulation ; seed-filling ; single-bud billet ; seed-metering ; EDEM ; wheel-track high clearance chassis ; walking performance ; climbing angle ; simulation ; rape windrower ; longitudinal axial flow ; flexible ; millet threshing device ; staggered threshing element ; micro rotary tubular concave screen ; machine learning ; deep learning ; plant leaf diseases ; photovoltaic module ; LED lighting system ; power grid ; step-up converter ; efficient power take-off ; monitoring system ; Codonopsis planting ; ditching device ; working parameters ; EDEM simulation ; orthogonal test ; air-blast sprayer ; precision spraying ; spray control parameter ; three-factor regression analysis ; highly efficient soil return ; liquid fertilizer deep application technique ; DEM ; soil bin test ; combine harvester ; differential inverse gearbox ; order analysis ; fault diagnosis method ; fatigue test ; tractor ; diesel engine ; emission ; artificial neural network ; improved particle swarm algorithm ; computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ; eave height ; natural ventilation ; venlo greenhouse ; fertilization uniformity ; closed-loop control ; single-chip microcomputer ; fuzzy PID ; solid-fertilizer-dissolving device ; precision fertilizer application ; BP neural network ; PSO optimization algorithm ; PID control ; watermelon ; sonication ; microwave ; synergistic effects ; quality characteristics ; electro-hydraulic hitch system ; tillage depth adjustment ; tillage depth control algorithm ; key components ; maize ; soil ; cavity planter ; interaction mechanism ; verification ; ultrasonic sensor ; canopy leaf area density ; ultrasonic echo signal ; verification experiment ; potato planter ; soil cultivation ; mechanization ; seed metering device ; intelligent seeding ; broiler house ; building energy simulation ; forecasting system ; heat stress index ; temperature humidity index (THI) ; smart agriculture ; greenhouse technologies ; artificial intelligence ; agricultural waste ; nano-activated carbon ; adsorption ; wastewater treatment ; modification ; agricultural engineering ; irrigation and drainage system ; pumping station ; sump ; hydraulic characteristics ; entropy production ; onion ; transplanting ; air-feeding seed discharge system ; seed tube ; gas-solid two-phase flow ; computer simulation ; discrete element method ; cotton stalk particles ; contact parameters ; response surface methodology ; image classification ; lightweight neural networks ; zea mays ; ECA attention ; CycleGAN ; tangential threshing ; vibration analysis ; FFT demodulation ; random vibration analysis ; bearing fault ; machine condition ; sustainable development goals ; agri-food security ; equality ; information and communication technologies ; technology 4.0 ; uplift resistance ; continuous pipe foundation ; single-span plastic greenhouse ; pipe connector ; vegetable greenhouses ; multi-arch greenhouses ; arch cross type ; resistance to the typhoon ; online non-destructive detection ; structure of plant stems ; ultrasonic feature ; feature extraction ; feature contribution ; backyard farming ; self-assembly ; vertical expansion ; factory in a box ; automated farming ; vertical farming ; sustainable farm ; aerogels ; porous materials ; agricultural activated carbon ; fine-grained ; attention mechanism ; maturity classification ; open-world ; solar air heater (SAH) ; computational fluid dynamics ; performance optimization ; milk powder ; agricultural drying ; post-harvest losses ; spices ; paneer ; storage ; proximate ; composition ; sensory evaluation ; antioxidant potential ; environmental monitoring ; imputation ; pig house ; recurrent neural network ; agriculture advancement ; large scale solar ; natural cooling ; agrivoltaic ; sustainability ; tractor-trailer ; trajectory tracking ; prescribed performance ; model predictive control ; robust sliding mode control ; stubble-crushing ; plain straight blade ; DEM-CFD ; dynamic motion ; seedbed preparation ; strip tillage ; energy saving ; F-ASHP model ; nursery pig ; storage pen ; Simulink ; industrial hemp ; bionic blade ; cutting energy consumption ; parameter optimization ; conservation tillage technology ; adoption of time persistence ; nonparametric K-M survival analysis method ; discrete duration model ; cavitation ; pretreatment ; jet-driven Helmholtz oscillator ; anaerobic digestion ; tea bud detection ; YOLOv5 ; depth camera ; pose estimation ; CAM ; OPVSM ; prediction models ; hyperspectral image ; PLSR model ; AdaBoost ; XGBoost ; LightGBM ; agricultural sensor network ; EMP-ZBR ; network topology ; routing transmission algorithm ; UV-A LED ; laser fly control ; light trap ; fungus gnats ; mushroom pests ; corn seeds ; collision recovery coefficient ; static friction coefficient ; multi-point collision ; sound waveform ; characteristic dimensions ; bulb tubular pump ; bulb form ; optimization design ; hydraulic performance ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: This reprint focuses on relevant findings in the field of neuroscience, ranging from cognitive neuroscience, including studies on human consciousness, to clinical neurology, including studies on autism and epilepsy. Furthermore, the latest methods in the expanding field of neuroscience from cognitive to clinical subdisciplines will also be available to the readers.
    Keywords: zebrafish ; plasticity ; brain development ; optic tectum ; brain regeneration ; addiction ; maternal separation ; risk factor ; sex differences ; brain–computer interface (BCI) ; inner speech ; electroencephalography (EEG) ; deep learning ; Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) ; independent component analysis ; supervised learning ; long COVID ; parasympathetic ; sympathetic ; autonomic dysfunction ; autonomic therapy ; outcomes ; neurosarcoidosis ; sarcoidosis ; cranial neuropathy ; facial diplegia ; lymph node biopsy ; body mass index ; brain function ; cognition ; developing context ; neuropsychological tests ; obesity ; peripheral autonomic neuropathy ; advanced autonomic dysfunction ; diabetic autonomic neuropathy ; cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy ; small fiber disorder ; sudomotor testing ; human single neuron ; hippocampus ; amygdala ; human race perception ; autism ; handwriting ; motion tracking ; developmental neuroscience ; crab ; K2p channels ; proprioception ; sensory ; autism spectrum disorder ; mouse model ; idiopathic ; cerebellum ; neural ; brain ; structural intelligence ; cell expression ; evolution ; brain metastases ; glioblastoma ; machine learning ; primary central nervous system lymphoma ; brain organoids ; sentiomics ; regenerative neuromedicine ; dynamic patterns ; Amazon Rainforest ; intraoperative fluorescence ; pediatric brain tumors ; neurosurgical adjunct ; consciousness ; brain networks ; artificial intelligence ; synthetic biology ; cognitive robotics ; complex systems ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKJ Neurology and clinical neurophysiology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In the last 20 years, two factors have revolutionized the way space missions and applications are conceived, namely an increased access to space guaranteed by new launch providers and advances in miniaturized technologies. These two factors have rapidly made small satellites a reliable tool for scientific, commercial, and educational activities in space. Acting as a part of a larger mission along with larger satellites, or even substituting the latter in some cases, small satellites have now become a reality in modern space missions. This Special Issue aims to address the recent advances in small satellites’ technology and the resulting impact on space missions.
    Keywords: nanosatellite ; attitude determination ; passive magnetic stabilization ; aerodynamic stabilization ; thermal control systems ; micro-satellite ; heat pipes ; radiators ; thermal straps ; infrared imagers ; isostatic bipod mounts ; LIDAR ; PALT ; HERA mission ; a-thermalization ; optical performance ; multistage launch vehicles ; ascent trajectory optimization ; analytical performance evaluation ; rocket staging ; small satellite ; LoRa ; ground sensor terminal ; store and forward ; satellite IoT ; capacity building ; anomaly detection ; BIRDS project ; CubeSat ; machine learning ; electrical power system ; electrical interface ; scalability ; bus system development ; flexible integration ; CubeSat structure ; slot ; efficient ; mass production ; small satellites ; cubesat ; rendezvous ; docking ; guidance ; navigation ; AlfaCrux LEOP ; educational mission ; amateur radio ; pre-project preparation ; design development ; organizational and management model ; life cycle of building ; artificial intelligence ; star trackers ; resident space objects ; convolutional neural network ; segmentation ; space situational awareness ; space surveillance and tracking ; optical images ; in orbit validation ; Low Earth orbit (LEO) ; elevation angle ; satellite communications ; smallsat ; atmospheric correction ; atmospheric aerosol ; empirical basis ; scene statistics ; near real-time ; CubeSats ; magnetometer ; on-orbit data ; calibration ; genetic algorithm ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue contains selected papers from works presented at the 11th EASN (European Aeronautics Science Network) International Conference on Innovation in Aviation & Space, which was held from the 1st until the 3rd of September 2021. About 420 remote participants contributed to a high-level scientific gathering providing some of the latest research results on the topic, as well as some of the latest relevant technological advancements. Nineteen interesting papers, which cover a wide range of topics including characterization, analysis and design, as well as numerical simulation, are contained in this Special Issue.
    Keywords: thermoplastics ; holistic assessment ; PEEK/PEI ; life cycle analysis ; life cycle costing ; aircraft insulation ; leakage ; moisture ; ice ; frost ; wing design optimization ; structural optimization ; composite materials ; computational fluid dynamics ; multi-fidelity optimization ; aircraft design ; distributed propulsion ; general aviation ; regional aircraft ; structural mass ; wing design ; aviation ; MDAO ; FAST-OAD ; innovative aircraft architecture ; multifunctional materials and structures ; structural batteries ; aerospace engineering ; electric aircraft ; composites ; microturbine ; turbojet ; component maps ; map scaling ; off-design ; transient simulation ; aerial target ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; flight data ; digital twin ; plasma assisted ignition ; flow structures ; nanopulsed plasma ; ignition delay time ; low temperature ; low pressure ; air traffic ; conflict detection ; machine learning ; ATC tool ; fuel cell ; gas turbine ; hybrid propulsion ; hydrogen fuel ; heat exchange ; water condensation ; steam injection ; efficiency assessment ; NOx reduction ; conceptual design in aerospace ; advanced morphological approach ; fuzzy sets ; de-icing ; electro-thermal models ; electrical conductivity ; graphene nano-platelets ; thermal emissivity ; flight stabilization ; flight control ; flight trimming system ; small airplane avionics ; test bench ; landing gear ; electrical brake ; force control ; runway irregularities ; engine health monitoring ; diagnostics ; artificial neural network ; principal component analysis ; artificial intelligence ; additive manufacturing ; fused filament fabrication (FFF) ; PETG ; compressive properties ; creep and stress relaxation behaviour ; mechanical testing ; automated piping ; design languages ; model-based systems engineering ; hybrid-electric aircraft ; hybrid-electric propulsion ; energy management strategy ; set-based design ; design space exploration ; optimisation ; sensor errors ; flight stability ; trimmer ; control system ; air transport forecasting ; Clean Sky 2 ; Technology Evaluator ; emission modelling ; fleet modelling ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The use of electronics, close-range sensing, and artificial intelligence has changed the management paradigm in many contemporary industries in which Big Data analytics by automated processes has become the backbone of decision making and improvement. Acknowledging the integration of electronics, devices, sensors, and intelligent algorithms in much of the equipment used in forest operations, as well as their use in various forestry-related applications, it is apparent that many disciplines within forestry and forest science still rely on data collected traditionally, which is resource-intensive. In turn, this brings limitations in characterizing the specific behaviors of forest product systems and wood supply chains, and often prevents the development of solutions for improvement or inferring the laws behind the operation and management of such systems. Undoubtedly, many solutions still need to be developed in the future to provide the technology required for the effective management of forests. In this regard, the Special Issue entitled “Electronics, Close-Range Sensors and Artificial Intelligence in Forestry” highlights many examples of how technological improvements can be brought to forestry and to other related fields of science and practice.
    Keywords: forest fire detection ; deep learning ; ensemble learning ; Yolov5 ; EfficientDet ; EfficientNet ; big data ; automation ; artificial intelligence ; multi-modality ; acceleration ; classification ; events ; performance ; motor-manual felling ; willow ; Romania ; region detection of forest fire ; grading of forest fire ; weakly supervised loss ; fine segmentation ; region-refining segmentation ; lightweight Faster R-CNN ; ultrasound sensors ; road scanner ; terrestrial laser scanning ; TLS ; forest road maintenance ; forest road monitoring ; crowned road surface ; digital twinning ; climate smart ; LiDAR ; digitalization ; forest loss ; land-cover change ; machine learning ; spatial heterogeneity ; random forest model ; geographically weighted regression ; aboveground biomass ; estimation ; remote sensing ; Sentinel-2 ; Iran ; multiple regression ; artificial neural network ; k-nearest neighbor ; random forest ; canopy ; drone ; leaf ; leaves ; foliar ; samples ; sampling ; Aerial robotics ; UAS ; UAV ; IoT ; forest ecology ; accessibility ; wood ; diameter ; length ; close-range sensing ; Augmented Reality ; comparison ; accuracy ; effectiveness ; potential ; forestry 4.0 ; wood technology ; sawmilling ; productivity ; prediction ; long-term ; tree ring ; forestry detection ; resistance sensor ; micro-drilling resistance method ; signal processing ; Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAL Forestry & related industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This reprint covers a wide range of topics related to collective intelligence, exploring the interplay between swarm intelligence, network intelligence, and other emerging technologies. The first set of chapters focuses on the behavior and mechanisms of swarming. One chapter describes a locust-inspired model of collective marching on rings, while another demonstrates the experimental validation of entropy-driven swarm exploration under sparsity constraints using sparse Bayesian learning. These studies provide new insights into the principles of swarming and its potential applications in fields such as robotics and mobile crowdsensing. The next set of chapters discusses the integration of swarm intelligence with other emerging technologies such as deep learning and graph theory. These studies show how swarm intelligence can be combined with other advanced technologies to solve complex problems and improve decision-making processes. The reprint also covers the topic of network intelligence, including the study of social network analysis, Twitter user activity, and crowd-sourced financial predictions. These studies provide insights into how network intelligence can be harnessed to understand social dynamics and improve decision-making processes in various domains. The reprint concludes with a chapter that proposes a generative design approach for the efficient mathematical modeling of complex systems.
    Keywords: generative design ; automated learning ; evolutionary learning ; co-design ; genetic programming ; human behavior ; socioeconomic status ; data analysis ; social media ; crowd-sourcing ; wisdom of the crowd ; social learning ; Bayesian models ; risk ; Docker Swarm ; leader election ; privilege escalation ; defense evasion ; cloud ; collective intelligence ; crowdsourcing ; policymaking ; public policy ; e-participation ; literature review ; deep learning ; cybersecurity ; artificial intelligence ; swarm intelligence ; adversarial AI ; information theory ; entropy ; models ; neural networks ; communication ; multi-agent ; deep reinforcement learning ; partial observability ; distributed estimation ; Sparse Bayesian Learning ; exploration ; swarm ; multi-agent systems ; consensus ; D-optimal design ; mobile crowdsensing ; UAV control ; graph network ; maximum-entropy learning ; mobile robotics ; swarms ; crowd dynamics ; natural algorithms ; locusts ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The focus of this reprint is the development of novel intelligence techniques for solving various problems in engineering. These techniques, due to their ability to create complex relationships between dependent and independent variables, can be implemented in a faster and more reliable way. Such techniques utilise algorithms/approaches such as artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, evolutionary theory, learning theory, and probabilistic theory, making them a suitable and useful fit for real-life complex problems. This reprint introduces the process of selecting, applying, and developing such techniques in different engineering designs and applications. In addition, the validation process of intelligence systems as an alternative is discussed in this reprint. Overall, this reprint forms an excellent introduction to these systems for engineers who are not familiar with them.
    Keywords: confinement of concrete ; CFST composite column ; artificial intelligence ; gene-expression programming ; hybrid techniques ; finite element method (FEM) ; imbalanced data ; travel mode choice data ; hybrid support vector machine-based model ; rock excavation ; soft computing ; cutter life index ; rock strength ; brittleness ; classification ; slope stability ; tree-based models ; random forest ; AdaBoost ; decision tree ; 3D bridge model ; IFC-based bridge model ; engineering document ; document fragment ; integrated operation ; granular model ; incremental granular model ; interval-based fuzzy c-means clustering ; coverage ; specificity ; performance index ; piezocone ; soil classification ; fuzzy C-means clustering ; neuro-fuzzy ; scratch-resistant ; hydrophobic ; GPTES ; transparent ; sol–gel ; blasting ; ground vibration ; PPV prediction ; whale optimization algorithm ; salp swarm optimizer ; spread foundation ; retaining structures ; economic design ; rock brittleness ; linear genetic programming ; bagged regression tree ; lazy machine learning method ; SCC ; compressive strength ; fly ash ; statistical analysis ; modeling ; blockchain technology ; intelligent technology ; internet of vehicles ; malicious nodes ; identification algorithm ; inverse analysis ; hydraulic conductivities ; Gray Wolf Optimizer ; thermal conductivity ; geothermal systems ; gene expression programming (GEP) ; non-linear multivariable regression (NLMR) ; P-wave ; porosity ; backpropagation neural network ; blast-induced ground vibration ; Gaussian process regression ; green campus ; shared free-floating electric scooter ; usage frequency prediction ; battery electric ; battery pack ; energy performance ; simulation ; second life batteries ; off-grid PV system ; residential building ; EV charging station ; optimization ; metaheuristic algorithms ; streamflow forecasting ; concrete ; water-reducer contents ; workability ; slump retention ; conceptual framework ; crowd-machine hybrid interaction ; design implications ; hybrid intelligence ; survey ; taxonomy ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book captures advancements in the applications of computational intelligence (artificial intelligence, machine learning, etc.) to problems in the mineral and mining industries. The papers present the state of the art in four broad categories: mine operations, mine planning, mine safety, and advances in the sciences, primarily in image processing applications. Authors in the book include both researchers and industry practitioners.
    Keywords: truck dispatching ; mining equipment uncertainties ; orebody uncertainty ; discrete event simulation ; Q-learning ; grinding circuits ; minerals processing ; random forest ; decision trees ; machine learning ; knowledge discovery ; variable importance ; mineral prospectivity mapping ; random forest algorithm ; epithermal gold ; unstructured data ; blast impact ; empirical model ; mining ; fragmentation ; mine worker fatigue ; random forest model ; health and safety management ; stockpiles ; operational data ; mine-to-mill ; geostatistics ; ore control ; mine optimization ; digital twin ; modes of operation ; geological uncertainty ; multivariate statistics ; partial least squares regression ; oil sands ; bitumen extraction ; bitumen processability ; mine safety and health ; accidents ; narratives ; natural language processing ; random forest classification ; hyperspectral imaging ; multispectral imaging ; dimensionality reduction ; neighbourhood component analysis ; artificial intelligence ; mining exploitation ; masonry buildings ; damage risk analysis ; Bayesian network ; Naive Bayes ; Bayesian Network Structure Learning (BNSL) ; rock type ; mining geology ; bluetooth beacon ; classification and regression tree ; gaussian naïve bayes ; k-nearest neighbors ; support vector machine ; transport route ; transport time ; underground mine ; tactical geometallurgy ; data analytics in mining ; ball mill throughput ; measurement while drilling ; non-additivity ; coal ; petrographic analysis ; macerals ; image analysis ; semantic segmentation ; convolutional neural networks ; point cloud scaling ; fragmentation size analysis ; structure from motion ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 87
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: Connected intelligent sensing reshapes our society by empowering people with increasing new ways of mutual interactions. As integration technologies keep their scaling roadmap, the horizon of sensory applications is rapidly widening, thanks to myriad light-weight low-power or, in same cases even self-powered, smart devices with high-connectivity capabilities. CMOS integrated circuits technology is the best candidate to supply the required smartness and to pioneer these emerging sensory systems. As a result, new challenges are arising around the design of these integrated circuits and systems for sensory applications in terms of low-power edge computing, power management strategies, low-range wireless communications, integration with sensing devices. In this Special Issue recent advances in application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) and systems for smart sensory applications in the following five emerging topics: (I) dedicated short-range communications transceivers; (II) digital smart sensors, (III) implantable neural interfaces, (IV) Power Management Strategies in wireless sensor nodes and (V) neuromorphic hardware.
    Keywords: wake-up receiver ; digital controller ; reliability ; electronic toll collection (ETC) system ; dedicated short range communication (DSRC) ; temperature compensation ; piezoresistive ; pressure sensor ; negative temperature coefficient ; ACE-Q100 ; CMOS ; epilepsy ; seizure ; multichannel neural recording ; feature extraction ; closed-loop neurostimulator ; low-power ; low-noise amplifier ; implantable medical device ; switched capacitor ; voltage converter ; wide load range ; multiphase operation ; variable frequency ; integrated circuits ; EEPROM reprogrammable fuses ; memory cells ; trimming techniques with fuses ; digital temperature sensor ; temperature sensor with digital serial interface ; asynchronous control logic ; successive approximation register (SAR) ; wireless access in vehicular environments (WAVE) ; low power consumption ; capacitive digital to analog converter (CDAC) ; CMOS neural amplifier ; AC coupling ; pseudoresistor ; nonlinear distortion ; area-efficient design ; sensor node ; power mode ; wireless sensor networks ; power management ; spiking neural network ; leaky integrate and fire ; neuromorphic ; artificial neural networks ; artificial intelligence ; image classification ; capacitance-to-digital converter ; iterative-delay-chain discharge ; CMOS capacitive sensor interface ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: With the development of analytical instruments, the academic system has become more complicated, producing new journals one after another. Therefore, it became much important to clarify what is original of “Medicines”. As the name Medicines indicates, it includes science and practice of caring for a patient and managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment or palliation of their injury or disease. Therefore, Medicines differs from other journals with similar title in that it covers a wide range of fields, from traditional medicine to rapidly developing molecular-targeted drugs, focusing on their pharmacological effects, structure–activity relationships, metabolic pathways, gene expression, using cultured cells, animals, and clinical trials. Most parts of this Special Issue were written by our editorial board members, who described the research topics and how they are engaged in their field of research. All of these articles are their life-long story. We collected a total number of 22 original works by basic researchers and clinical doctors. We hope that readers can get a chance to know the current status of diverse fields of medicines, and what your most important research themes are after reading these articles.
    Keywords: Hedychium ; traditional medicine ; coronarin D ; villosin ; anti-acetylcholinesterase ; antidiabetic ; anti-inflammatory ; antimicrobial ; antioxidant ; antitumor ; Genista tridentata ; Pterospartum tridentatum ; isoflavones ; flavonols ; genistein ; biochanin A ; rutin ; daidzein ; inflammatory bowel disease ; Crohn’s disease ; ulcerative colitis ; extra-intestinal manifestations ; orofacial granulomatosis ; tag-like lesions ; cobblestoning ; mucogingivitis ; lip swelling ; aphthous stomatitis ; Angelicae Sinensis Radix ; Danggui ; granules ; herb ; multivariate analysis ; ultra-performance liquid chromatography ; Tai Chi ; qigong ; immune system ; immunity ; inflammation ; telemedicine ; remote monitoring ; GER-e-TEC ; elderly patient ; artificial intelligence ; geriatric syndromes ; detection of the precursory signs of decompensation of geriatric syndromes ; renal cell cancer ; genomic landscape ; targeted therapy ; tumor evolution ; tumor heterogeneity ; allergic rhinitis ; quercetin ; human CD4+ T cells ; Th1/Th2 cytokine balance ; modulation ; in vitro ; intravascular catheter ; CRBSI ; biofilm ; CVC ; antifouling ; chromone ; tumor specificity ; QSAR analysis ; apoptosis ; cell cycle analysis ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; LI-RADS ; chronic liver disease ; granuloma annulare ; granulomatous disorders of the skin ; inflammatory skin conditions ; medical dermatology ; biliary tract cancer ; cholangiocarcinoma ; PARP ; BRCA ; olaparib ; rucaparib ; liver cancer ; pancreatic adenocarcinoma ; pancreatic cancer ; sarcoidosis ; superior vena cava syndrome ; venous thrombosis ; RUCAM ; Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method ; diagnostic algorithm ; iDILI ; iDrug induced liver injury ; DILI ; HILI ; herb induced liver injury ; Stachys L. ; traditional uses ; pharmacological activities ; phytochemicals ; bioactive compounds ; Kampo formulae ; alkaline extract of Sasa sp. ; pine cone extract ; povidone-iodine ; HSV ; HIV ; loss of infectivity ; solubilization method ; diaphragmatic breathing ; abdominal breathing ; breathing exercise ; systematic review ; randomized controlled trial ; respiratory function ; auricular acupuncture ; preoperative anxiety ; protocol ; randomized controlled trials ; meta-analysis ; boiogito ; knee osteoarthritis ; rat ; Yokukansan ; fentanyl ; transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel ; phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) ; whole-cell patch-clamp recording ; herbal medicine ; calcium metabolism ; bone metabolism ; protease ; osteoclast ; macrophage ; RANKL ; LPS ; TLR4 ; TREM2 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In recent years, the implementation of sustainable concrete systems has been a topic of great interest in the field of construction engineering worldwide, as a result of the large and rapid increase in carbon emissions and environmental problems resulting from traditional concrete production and industry. For example, the uses of supplementary cementitious materials, geopolymer binder, recycled aggregate and industrial/agricultural wastes in concrete are all approaches to building a sustainable concrete system. However, such materials have inherent flaws due to their variety of sources, and exhibit very different properties compared with traditional concrete. Therefore, they require specific modifications in preprocessing, design, and evaluation before use in concrete. This reprint, entitled “Advances in Sustainable Concrete System”, covers a broad range of advanced concrete research in environmentally friendly concretes, cost-effective admixtures, and waste recycling, specifically including the design methods, mechanical properties, durability, microstructure, various models, hydration mechanisms, and practical applications of solid wastes in concrete systems.
    Keywords: high-strength concrete ; energy evolution ; elastic strain energy ; brittleness evaluation index ; concrete ; humidity ; moisture absorption ; moisture desorption ; numerical simulation ; acoustic emission ; AE rate process theory ; corrosion rate ; damage evolution ; axial load ; precast concrete structure ; lattice girder semi-precast slabs ; bending resistance ; FE modelling ; concrete damage ; GSP ; high strength ; hydration ; strength ; penetrability ; rice husk ash ; sustainable concrete ; artificial neural networks ; multiple linear regression ; eco-friendly concrete ; green concrete ; sustainable development ; artificial intelligence ; data science ; machine learning ; bagasse ash ; mechanical properties ; natural coarse aggregate ; recycled coarse aggregate ; two-stage concrete ; materials design ; recycled concrete ; crumb rubber concrete ; crumb rubber ; NaOH treatment ; lime treatment ; water treatment ; detergent treatment ; compressive strength ; materials ; adhesively-bonded joint ; temperature aging ; residual strength ; mechanical behavior ; failure criterion ; steel slag powder ; compound activator ; mortar strength ; orthogonal experiment ; GM (0, N) model ; ultrafine metakaolin ; silica fume ; durability ; fiber-reinforced concrete ; damage mechanism ; uniaxial tension ; cracked concrete ; crack width ; crack depth ; tortuosity ; sustainability ; concrete composites ; sulfate and acid attacks ; WPFT fibers ; coal gangue ; gradation ; cement content ; unconfined compressive strength ; freeze–thaw cycle ; minimum energy dissipation principle ; three-shear energy yield criterion ; damage variable ; constitutive model ; phosphorus slag ; limestone ; sulphate-corrosion resistance ; volume deformation ; blast furnace ferronickel slag ; alkali-activated material ; dosage of activator ; reactive powder concrete ; beam-column joint ; FE modeling ; crack ; cementitious gravel ; fly ash ; age ; optimal dosage ; bamboo ; sawdust ; pretreatment ; bio-based material ; mechanical property ; self-compacting concrete ; supplementary cementitious materials ; hydration mechanisms ; microstructure ; fresh properties ; synthetic polymer ; high temperature ; bentonite-free drilling fluid ; rheology ; filtration ; FRP reinforced concrete slab ; punching shear strength ; SHAP ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials::TNKX Conservation of buildings and building materials
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Cognitive building is a pioneering topic envisioning the future of our built environment. The concept of "cognitive" provides a paradigm shift that steps from the static concept of the building as a container of human activities towards the modernist vision of "machine à habiter" of Le Corbusier, where the technological content adds the capability of learning from users' behavior and environmental variables to adapt itself to achieve major goals such as user comfort, energy-saving, flexible functionality, high durability, and good maintainability. The concept is based on digital frameworks and IoT networks towards the concept of a smart city.
    Keywords: explainable post occupancy ; humanoid robot ; lighting simulation software ; BIM ; openBIM ; IFC ; IoT ; sensors ; cognitive buildings ; asset management ; digital twin ; BEM ; simulation modelling ; dynamic simulation ; Building Information Modelling (BIM) ; Internet of Things (IoT) ; facility management ; cyber-physical systems ; Building Management System ; Digital Twin ; Post-Occupancy Evaluations ; cognitive ; digital twins ; building lifecycle management ; artificial intelligence ; decision support ; self-learning ; optimization ; building performance simulation ; lighting simulation ; lighting quality ; visual comfort ; office field study ; evidence-based design ; building information modeling ; HVAC ; fan coil ; Internet of Things ; predictive maintenance ; fault detection ; smart building ; sustainable building ; construction projects ; BIM implementation ; stakeholders ; barriers ; construction product ; servitization ; level of evidence ; level curves ; ground slopes ; embankments ; road and rail design ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This book includes impactful chapters which present scientific concepts, frameworks, architectures and ideas on sensing technologies and machine learning techniques. These are relevant in tackling the following challenges: (i) the field readiness and use of intrusive sensor systems and devices for capturing biosignals, including EEG sensor systems, ECG sensor systems and electrodermal activity sensor systems; (ii) the quality assessment and management of sensor data; (iii) data preprocessing, noise filtering and calibration concepts for biosignals; (iv) the field readiness and use of nonintrusive sensor technologies, including visual sensors, acoustic sensors, vibration sensors and piezoelectric sensors; (v) emotion recognition using mobile phones and smartwatches; (vi) body area sensor networks for emotion and stress studies; (vii) the use of experimental datasets in emotion recognition, including dataset generation principles and concepts, quality insurance and emotion elicitation material and concepts; (viii) machine learning techniques for robust emotion recognition, including graphical models, neural network methods, deep learning methods, statistical learning and multivariate empirical mode decomposition; (ix) subject-independent emotion and stress recognition concepts and systems, including facial expression-based systems, speech-based systems, EEG-based systems, ECG-based systems, electrodermal activity-based systems, multimodal recognition systems and sensor fusion concepts and (x) emotion and stress estimation and forecasting from a nonlinear dynamical system perspective.
    Keywords: subject-dependent emotion recognition ; subject-independent emotion recognition ; electrodermal activity (EDA) ; deep learning ; convolutional neural networks ; automatic facial emotion recognition ; intensity of emotion recognition ; behavioral biometrical systems ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; driving stress ; electrodermal activity ; road traffic ; road types ; Viola-Jones ; facial emotion recognition ; facial expression recognition ; facial detection ; facial landmarks ; infrared thermal imaging ; homography matrix ; socially assistive robot ; EEG ; arousal detection ; valence detection ; data transformation ; normalization ; mental stress detection ; electrocardiogram ; respiration ; in-ear EEG ; emotion classification ; emotion monitoring ; elderly caring ; outpatient caring ; stress detection ; deep neural network ; convolutional neural network ; wearable sensors ; psychophysiology ; sensor data analysis ; time series analysis ; signal analysis ; similarity measures ; correlation statistics ; quantitative analysis ; benchmarking ; boredom ; emotion ; GSR ; classification ; sensor ; face landmark detection ; fully convolutional DenseNets ; skip-connections ; dilated convolutions ; emotion recognition ; physiological sensing ; multimodal sensing ; flight simulation ; activity recognition ; physiological signals ; thoracic electrical bioimpedance ; smart band ; stress recognition ; physiological signal processing ; long short-term memory recurrent neural networks ; information fusion ; pain recognition ; long-term stress ; electroencephalography ; perceived stress scale ; expert evaluation ; affective corpus ; multimodal sensors ; overload ; underload ; interest ; frustration ; cognitive load ; stress research ; affective computing ; human-computer interaction ; deep convolutional neural network ; transfer learning ; auxiliary loss ; weighted loss ; class center ; stress sensing ; smart insoles ; smart shoes ; unobtrusive sensing ; stress ; center of pressure ; regression ; signal processing ; arousal ; aging adults ; musical genres ; emotion elicitation ; dataset ; emotion representation ; feature selection ; feature extraction ; computer science ; virtual reality ; head-mounted display ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Urological Cancer 2020 collection contains a set of multidisciplinary contributions to the extraordinary heterogeneity of tumor mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and therapies of the renal, urinary tract, and prostate cancers, with the intention of offering to interested readers a representative snapshot of the status of urological research.
    Keywords: renal cell carcinoma ; iron ; macrophages ; chelation therapy ; urothelial carcinoma ; transcriptome ; microtubule ; MAP1B ; prognosis ; KLF5 ; androgen receptor ; cell proliferation ; tumorigenesis ; prostate cancer ; precision medicine ; whole genome sequencing ; optical mapping ; therapy ; prostate carcinoma ; prostate mpMRI ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; deep learning ; neural network ; angiogenesis ; angiogenic growth factors ; antiangiogenic therapy ; renal tumors ; prevention ; α1-adrenoceptor antagonists ; anoikis ; vascularity ; research model ; oncogenes ; tumor suppressor genes ; MR-guided ; radiotherapy ; MRgRT ; stereotactic ablative radiotherapy ; stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) ; renal cell cancer ; RCC ; online adaptive ; [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT ; dual-time point imaging ; delayed imaging ; biphasic imaging ; lesion positivity rate ; CXCL9 ; PD1 ; PD-L1 ; stage T1 NMIBC ; prostatic neoplasms/mortality ; prostatic neoplasms/epidemiology ; SEER Program ; bladder cancer ; transurethral resection ; en-bloc resection ; CPT1A ; fatty acids ; serine ; androgen response ; ROS ; oxidative stress ; DONSON ; Downstream Neighbor of SON ; biomarker ; metastatic spread ; diagnosis ; differential diagnosis ; histopathology ; immunohistochemistry ; stroma signature ; patient-derived xenografts ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This book introduces and provides solutions to a variety of problems faced by society, companies and individuals in a quickly changing and technology-dependent world. The wide acceptance of artificial intelligence, the upcoming fourth industrial revolution and newly designed 6G technologies are seen as the main enablers and game changers in this environment. The book considers these issues not only from a technological viewpoint but also on how society, labor and the economy are affected, leading to a circular economy that affects the way people design, function and deploy complex systems.
    Keywords: Industry 4.0 ; cognitive manufacturing ; cognitive load ; human–computer interaction ; 6GIIoE priorities ; 6GIIoE challenges ; 6GIIoE applications ; information system ; sequential methodology ; 6GIIoE theoretical framework ; circular economy ; circular building ; implementation strategies ; design strategies ; circular resource flows ; digital twin ; digital model ; system optimization ; predictive maintenance ; artificial and human intelligence ; security ; risks and risk management ; quality of life ; common welfare ; socio-political assessment ; assembly ; process planning systems ; concurrent engineering ; automotive industry applications ; manufacturing industry applications ; artificial intelligence ; sustainable development ; construction ; civil engineering ; machine learning ; construction engineering ; cognitive data intelligence ; cognitive healthcare ; tiny machine learning ; 6GCIoHE theoretical framework ; data science ; statistical data processing ; predictive analytics ; classification ; clustering ; labor productivity ; health management ; health-saving strategies ; electric power industry ; bridge ; expansion joint ; joint gap ; smart bridge maintenance equipment ; sensor ; structural health monitoring ; line-scan camera ; machine vision ; change management ; COVID-19 ; decision-support model ; digitization ; employee motivation ; employee satisfaction ; human resources ; software tool ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This Special Issue focuses on the current state of pharmacogenomics (PGx) and the extensive translational process, including the identification of functionally important PGx variation; the characterization of PGx haplotypes and metabolizer statuses, their clinical interpretation, clinical decision support, and the incorporation of PGx into clinical care.
    Keywords: pharmacogenomics ; return of results ; genetic counseling ; qualitative ; pharmacogenetics ; implementation ; pharmacogenetics service ; screening ; pre-emptive ; personalized medicine ; precision medicine ; community pharmacy ; pharmacogenomic testing ; genetic privacy ; pharmaco-economics ; polymorphisms ; pharmacogenes ; pharmacogenomic ; machine learning ; adaptation ; human evolution ; US Food and Drug Administration ; clinical actionability ; clinical translation ; chronic kidney disease ; CYP3A5 ; polymorphism ; progression ; pharmacogenomics (PGx) ; pediatrics ; best practice alerts (BPAs) ; electronic health records (EHR) ; genomic indicators ; clinical decision support (CDS) ; phenotype ; genotype ; polypharmacy ; chronic disease ; medication management ; electronic medical record ; artificial intelligence ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    Springer Nature | Springer
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This open access book as one of the fastest-growing areas of research in machine learning, metalearning studies principled methods to obtain efficient models and solutions by adapting machine learning and data mining processes. This adaptation usually exploits information from past experience on other tasks and the adaptive processes can involve machine learning approaches. As a related area to metalearning and a hot topic currently, automated machine learning (AutoML) is concerned with automating the machine learning processes. Metalearning and AutoML can help AI learn to control the application of different learning methods and acquire new solutions faster without unnecessary interventions from the user. This book offers a comprehensive and thorough introduction to almost all aspects of metalearning and AutoML, covering the basic concepts and architecture, evaluation, datasets, hyperparameter optimization, ensembles and workflows, and also how this knowledge can be used to select, combine, compose, adapt and configure both algorithms and models to yield faster and better solutions to data mining and data science problems. It can thus help developers to develop systems that can improve themselves through experience. This book is a substantial update of the first edition published in 2009. It includes 18 chapters, more than twice as much as the previous version. This enabled the authors to cover the most relevant topics in more depth and incorporate the overview of recent research in the respective area. The book will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in the areas of machine learning, data mining, data science and artificial intelligence. ; Metalearning is the study of principled methods that exploit metaknowledge to obtain efficient models and solutions by adapting machine learning and data mining processes. While the variety of machine learning and data mining techniques now available can, in principle, provide good model solutions, a methodology is still needed to guide the search for the most appropriate model in an efficient way. Metalearning provides one such methodology that allows systems to become more effective through experience. This book discusses several approaches to obtaining knowledge concerning the performance of machine learning and data mining algorithms. It shows how this knowledge can be reused to select, combine, compose and adapt both algorithms and models to yield faster, more effective solutions to data mining problems. It can thus help developers improve their algorithms and also develop learning systems that can improve themselves. The book will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in the areas of machine learning, data mining and artificial intelligence.
    Keywords: Metalearning ; Automating Machine Learning (AutoML) ; Machine Learning ; Artificial Intelligence ; algorithm selection ; algorithm recommendation ; algorithm configuration ; hyperparameter optimization ; automating the workflow/pipeline design ; metalearning in ensemble construction ; metalearning in deep neural networks ; transfer learning ; algorithm recommendation for data streams ; automating data science ; Open Access ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYQ Artificial intelligence ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNF Data mining ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYQ Artificial intelligence::UYQM Machine learning
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This special issue entitled “Water Quality Assessments for Urban Water Environment,” strives to highlights the status quo of water environment, opportunities and challenges for their sustainable management in lieu of rapid global changes (land us eland cover changes, climate change, population growth, change in socio-economic dimension, urbanization etc.), in the urban space particularly in developing nations around the world. It also highlights the effect of COVID19 pandemic on water resources and way forward to minimize the risk of spreading health risk associated with wastewater management. Considering the complex nature of the urban water security, it highlights the importance of emerging approaches like socio-hydrology, landscape ecology, regional-circular-ecological sphere etc., which presents a perfect combination of hard (infrastructure) and soft (numerical simulations, spatial technologies, participatory approaches, indigenous knowledge) measures, as the potential solutions to manage this precious water resource in coming future. Finally, what is the way forward to enhance science-policy interface in a better way to achieve global goals e.g., SDGs at local level in a timely manner. It provides valuable information about sustainable water resource management at the urban landscape, which is very much useful for policy-makers, decision-makers, local communities, and other relevant stakeholders.
    Keywords: groundwater ; geospatial analysis ; hydrogeochemical assessment ; multivariate statistical analysis ; water quality index ; middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River ; urban river stretches ; phosphorus ; spatial distribution ; bioavailability ; suspended sediment (SS) ; water quality ; WEAP ; climate change adaptation ; urbanization ; domestic wastewater management ; sustainable development goals ; triple-rice cropping system ; full-dike ; surface water quality ; WAWQI ; An Giang Province ; the Vietnamese Mekong Delta ; hydrological residence time (HRT) ; lake ; COVID ; waterbodies ; WQI ; HPI ; HEI ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; bioaerosol ; aerosolized wastewater ; environmental transmission ; agriculture ; water security ; water scarcity ; climate change ; IWRM ; socioeconomic changes ; sustainable development ; Pindrawan tank area ; drinking water quality ; artificial intelligence ; particle swarm optimization ; support vector machine ; naive Bayes classifier ; water insecurity ; water security framework ; public health ; primary health care ; groundwater demand ; Sundarbans ; vulnerability ; sensitivity loop ; water–human wellbeing nexus ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: For many decades, researchers have been trying to make computers’ analysis of images as effective as the system of human vision is. For this purpose, many algorithms and systems have previously been created. The whole process covers various stages, including image processing, representation and recognition. The results of this work can be applied to many computer-assisted areas of everyday life. They improve particular activities and provide handy tools, which are sometimes only for entertainment, but quite often, they significantly increase our safety. In fact, the practical implementation of image processing algorithms is particularly wide. Moreover, the rapid growth of computational complexity and computer efficiency has allowed for the development of more sophisticated and effective algorithms and tools. Although significant progress has been made so far, many issues still remain, resulting in the need for the development of novel approaches.
    Keywords: CIELab ; component Substitution ; Pan sharpening ; Pléiades VHR Image ; coal ; inertinite macerals ; classification ; multifractal analysis ; support vector machine ; block-based coding ; video coding ; H.265/HEVC ; affine motion compensation ; image registration ; homography matrix ; local homography transformation ; convolutional neural network ; moving direct linear transformation ; super-resolution (SR) ; convolution neural network (CNN) ; Gene Expression Programming (GEP) ; deep learning ; image preclassification ; suspicious behavior detection ; motion ; magnitude ; gradient ; reactivity ; saliency ; haze removal ; dark channel ; atmospheric-light estimation ; coarse-to-fine search strategy ; sparse dictionary ; stable recovery ; frame ; RIP ; local dimming ; retinex theory ; bi-histogram equalization ; contrast ratio ; details preservation ; pansharpening ; image fusion ; image quality ; Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre (SPOT) 6 ; spectral consistency ; spatial consistency ; synthesis ; artificial intelligence ; dental application ; images ; detection ; parseval frame ; transform ; sparse representation ; octave convolution ; bilingual scene text reading ; Ethiopic script ; attention ; nasal cytology ; automatic cell segmentation ; rhinology ; image analysis ; feature extraction ; shape context ; plant recognition ; DPCNN ; BOF ; numeral spotting ; historical document analysis ; convolutional neural networks ; deep transfer learning ; handwritten digit recognition ; spectrum correction ; intensity correction ; compressed sensing ; tradeoff process ; IKONOS ; remote sensing ; fine-tuning ; learning rate scheduler ; cyclical learning rates ; label smoothing ; classification accuracy ; neural networks ; salient object detection ; RGB-D ; object detection ; small object ; multi-scale sampling ; balanced sampling ; texture ; structure ; optical ; coke ; iron ore ; sinter ; image processing ; segmentation ; identification ; action recognition ; silhouette sequences ; shape features ; ambient assisted living ; active ageing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: With the increase in data processing and storage capacity, a large amount of data is available. Data without analysis does not have much value. Thus, the demand for data analysis is increasing daily, and the consequence is the appearance of a large number of jobs and published articles. Data science has emerged as a multidisciplinary field to support data-driven activities, integrating and developing ideas, methods, and processes to extract information from data. This includes methods built from different knowledge areas: Statistics, Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics, Information Science, and Engineering. This mixture of areas has given rise to what we call Data Science. New solutions to the new problems are reproducing rapidly to generate large volumes of data. Current and future challenges require greater care in creating new solutions that satisfy the rationality for each type of problem. Labels such as Big Data, Data Science, Machine Learning, Statistical Learning, and Artificial Intelligence are demanding more sophistication in the foundations and how they are being applied. This point highlights the importance of building the foundations of Data Science. This book is dedicated to solutions and discussions of measuring uncertainties in data analysis problems.
    Keywords: model-based clustering ; mixture model ; EM algorithm ; integrated approach ; density estimation ; distribution free ; non-parametric statistical test ; decoy distributions ; size invariance ; scaled quantile residual ; maximum entropy method ; scoring function ; outlier detection ; overfitting detection ; time series of counts ; Bayesian hierarchical modeling ; Bayesian nonparametrics ; Pitman–Yor process ; prior sensitivity ; clustering ; Bayesian forecasting ; singular spectrum analysis ; robust singular spectrum analysis ; time series forecasting ; mutual investment funds ; relative entropy ; cross-entropy ; uncertain reasoning ; inductive logic ; confirmation measure ; semantic information ; medical test ; raven paradox ; Markov random fields ; probabilistic graphical models ; multilayer networks ; objective Bayesian inference ; intrinsic prior ; variational inference ; binary probit regression ; mean-field approximation ; multi-attribute emergency decision-making ; intuitionistic fuzzy cross-entropy ; grey correlation analysis ; earthquake shelters ; attribute weights ; time series ; Bayesian inference ; hypothesis testing ; unit root ; cointegration ; Rényi entropy ; discrete Kalman filter ; continuous Kalman filter ; algebraic Riccati equation ; nonlinear differential Riccati equation ; cloud model ; fuzzy time series ; stock trend ; Heikin–Ashi candlestick ; water resources ; channel ; mathematical entropy model ; bank profile shape ; gene expression programming (GEP) ; entropy ; genetic programming ; artificial intelligence ; data science ; big data ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
    Language: English
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  • 99
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Machine learning (ML) technologies are emerging in Mechanical Engineering, driven by the increasing availability of datasets, coupled with the exponential growth in computer performance. In fact, there has been a growing interest in evaluating the capabilities of ML algorithms to approach topics related to metal forming processes, such as: Classification, detection and prediction of forming defects; Material parameters identification; Material modelling; Process classification and selection; Process design and optimization. The purpose of this Special Issue is to disseminate state-of-the-art ML applications in metal forming processes, covering 10 papers about the abovementioned and related topics.
    Keywords: sheet metal forming ; uncertainty analysis ; metamodeling ; machine learning ; hot rolling strip ; edge defects ; intelligent recognition ; convolutional neural networks ; deep-drawing ; kriging metamodeling ; multi-objective optimization ; FE (Finite Element) AutoForm robust analysis ; defect prediction ; mechanical properties prediction ; high-dimensional data ; feature selection ; maximum information coefficient ; complex network clustering ; ring rolling ; process energy estimation ; metal forming ; thermo-mechanical FEM analysis ; artificial neural network ; aluminum alloy ; mechanical property ; UTS ; topological optimization ; artificial neural networks (ANN) ; machine learning (ML) ; press-brake bending ; air-bending ; three-point bending test ; sheet metal ; buckling instability ; oil canning ; artificial intelligence ; convolution neural network ; hot rolled strip steel ; defect classification ; generative adversarial network ; attention mechanism ; deep learning ; mechanical constitutive model ; finite element analysis ; plasticity ; parameter identification ; full-field measurements ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTU Mining technology and engineering
    Language: English
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  • 100
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: This book includes 17 papers published in the Special Issue/Article Collectoin “New Insights in the Genetics and Genomics of adrenocortical tumors and pheochromocytomas” including an editorial, 10 research papers and six review articles. Adrenal tumors represent a hot topic in contemporary endocrine oncology. Significant advancements in the genetics of genomics of these tumors have been made in recent years, and these articles give a useful and comprehensive overview of these issues. Questions regarding molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis (biomarkers) and even treatment are discussed in the papers written by international leaders of the field. Manuscripts are focused on three main topics: i. primary aldosteronism (the most common cause of secondary endocrine hypertension), ii. adrenocortical cancer and iii. pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma, which are the tumors with the highest heritability in humans. The book is edited by Prof. Peter Igaz (Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University).
    Keywords: pheochromocytoma ; paraganglioma ; genetics ; non-coding RNA ; malignancy ; biomarker ; treatment ; adaptive metabolism ; adrenal gland ; conn adenoma ; fatty acid metabolism ; ferroptosis ; hyperaldosteronism ; metabolic reprogramming ; β-oxidation ; PPARα ; tumor microenvironment ; Next Generation Sequencing ; hereditary cancer ; endocrine tumor syndrome ; KCNJ5 somatic mutation ; pulse wave velocity ; aldosterone-producing adenoma ; adrenalectomy ; propensity score matching ; arterial stiffness ; pheochromocytomas ; paragangliomas ; mutations ; susceptibility genes ; driver mutations ; hereditary ; germline ; somatic ; environment ; variants ; tumor suppressor genes ; metastatic ; RNAseq ; next generation sequencing ; adrenocortical carcinoma ; in silico analysis ; machine learning ; bioinformatic clustering ; biomarker prediction ; aldosterone producing adenoma ; ATP2B3 ; K416-F418delinsN mutation ; primary aldosteronism ; PPGL ; telomeres ; TERT ; ATRX ; NOP10 ; prognostic biomarker ; ALT ; phaeochromocytoma ; cancer ; mitochondrial complex II ; zebrafish ; therapy ; drug discovery ; redox balance pathway ; Vitamin C ; mitotane ; H295 strains ; microRNA ; aldosterone ; circulating ; adrenocortical ; transcriptomics ; epigenetics ; metabolomics ; epidemiology ; genetic analysis ; mortality ; surveillance ; TP53 R337H ; genetic testing ; adrenocortical tumor ; neonatal screening ; screening ; adenoma ; adrenal ; tissue ; artificial intelligence ; neural network ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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