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  • Limnology  (249)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • General Chemistry
  • Ambleside, UK  (149)
  • Tallahassee, FL  (75)
  • National Rivers Authority  (25)
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  • 2020-2022  (249)
  • 1975-1979
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  • 1
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    Salmonid & freshwater Fisheries statistics England & Wales 1992 (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | Bristol, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10949 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:57:52 | 10949 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: This is the Salmonid & Freshwater Fisheries Statistics for England & Wales 1992 produced by the National Rivers Authority (NRA) in 1994. This report is focused on the maintenance, improvement and development of fisheries of England and Wales. This report is the fourth compilation of salmon and migratory trout catch statistics for England and Wales published by the National Rivers Authority. For the years 1983-88, these statistics were published by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF), Directorate of Fisheries Research in their Data Report Series. Other than for rod catches, the 1992 data have been presented in a broadly similar format to those of 1991, Presentation of the rod data however has changed considerably due to the introduction in January 1992 of the first National Rod Fishing Licence. This report makes a general review of different catches: Northumbria, Yorkshire, Anglian, Thames, Southern, Wessex, South West, Severn-Trent, Welsh and North West.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Wales ; Northumbria ; Yorkshire ; Anglian ; Thames ; Southern ; Wessex ; South West ; Severn-Trent ; Welsh ; North West ; Inland waters ; Rivers ; River fisheries ; Freshwater fish ; Fishery management ; Fishery data ; Fish catch statistics ; Migratory species ; Licensing
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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    Format: 51
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  • 2
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    Salmonid & freshwater Fisheries statistics England & Wales 1994 (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | Bristol, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10950 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:57:26 | 10950 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: This is the Salmonid & Freshwater Fisheries Statistics for England & Wales 1994 produced by the National Rivers Authority (NRA) in 1995. This report is focused on the maintenance, improvement and development of fisheries of England and Wales. This report is the sixth compilation of salmon and migratory trout catch statistics for England and Wales produced by the National Rivers Authority. For the years 1983-88, these statistics were published by the Ministry o f Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF), Directorate of Fisheries Research in their Data Report Series. The 1994 data have been presented in a broadly similar format to those of 1993.This report makes a general review of different catches: Northumbria, Yorkshire, Anglian, Thames, Southern, Wessex, South West, Severn-Trent, Welsh and North West.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Wales ; Northumbria ; Yorkshire ; Anglian ; Thames ; Southern ; Wessex ; South West ; Severn-Trent ; Welsh ; North West ; Inland waters ; Rivers ; River fisheries ; Freshwater fish ; Fishery management ; Fishery data ; Fish catch statistics ; Migratory species ; Licensing
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 57
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  • 3
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    Acid waters in North West England. The effect of liming agricultural land (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | Warrington, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10961 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:55:26 | 10961 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: This is the Acid waters in North West England: The effect of liming agricultural land on the chemistry and biology of the River Esk, North West England report produced by National Rivers Authority in 1992. This report focuses on the study of Acid Waters in the North West Region of England, UK, which began in 1982 and sampling was completed in October 1990. This work was initiated because of the observation of the simultaneous mortality of adult and juvenile salmon and sea-trout in both the River Esk and adjacent River Duddon in June 1980. Investigations at that time indicated that an "acid episode" was the most likely cause of this mortality. A land use study indicated that a reduction in agricultural liming may have been a major factor in the development of acid episodes and consequent fish kills in the River Esk and River Duddon. However there was no evidence that the mortalities of salmonids in the early 1980's were due to a reduction in agricultural liming. They were due to some other phenomenon such as a period of intense acid deposition.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Description: +appendices
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; North West ; Esk ; Inland waters ; Rivers ; Freshwater pollution ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Fish counter data ; Mortalities ; Invertebrates ; Acid Waters ; Water quality
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 4
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    Wetland resource evaluation and the NRA's role in its conservation. 1. Resource assessment (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | Bristol, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11036 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:41:04 | 11036 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: This is the Wetland resource evaluation and the NRA's role in its conservation: Resource assessment report produced by the National Rivers Authority in 1995. This R&D document provides a strategy for the assessment of the wetland resource of England and Wales. As a first step the report defines wetlands in their UK context. The following working definition is suggested: Wetland is land that has (or had until modified) a water level predominantly at, near, or up to 1.5 m above the ground surface for sufficient time during the year to allow hydrological processes to be a major influence on the soils and biota. These processes may be expressed in certain features, such as characteristic soils and vegetation. The report also summarises a hydrotopographical classification of wetlands. The report then develops a strategy for the establishment of a wetland resource Inventory based on a geographical information system (GIS) as a means of storing and manipulating site data from across England and Wales.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; UK ; England ; Wales ; Inland waters ; Wetland ; GIS ; Resource ; Survey ; Classification ; Inventory ; Definition ; Hydrotopography
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 76
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  • 5
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    Wetland resource evaluation and the NRA's role in its conservation. Classification of British wetlands (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | Bristol, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11035 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:41:14 | 11035 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: This is the Wetland resource evaluation and the NRA's role in its conservation: Classification of British wetlands report produced by the National Rivers Authority in 1995. This R&D document provides a clear classification for wetlands in England and Wales. The classification incorporates many of the existing ideas on the subject but avoids some of the problems associated with other classifications. A two-layered 'hydrotopographical' classification is proposed. The first layer identifies situation-types, i.e. the position the wetland occupies in the landscape, with special emphasis upon the principal sources of water. The second layer identifies hydrotopographical elements, i.e. units with distinctive water supply and, sometimes, distinctive topography in response to this. This system is seen as an independent, basic, classification upon which it is possible to superimpose additional, independent classifications based on other features (e.g. base-status, fertility, vegetation, management etc.). Some proposals for such additional classifications are provided.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Wales ; Inland waters ; Wetlands ; Resource ; Classification ; Key ; Hydrotopography ; Survey
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 106
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  • 6
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    The Cheshire Meres: a water quality enigma (2021)
    Institute of Freshwater Ecology | Ambleside, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10997 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:47:47 | 10997 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: This is the report on the Cheshire Meres: a Water Quality Enigma by the Institute of Freshwater Ecology from June 1993. The aim of the proposal is to use a well-tested condition-check on key Cheshire Meres, looking at the present nutrient-state and the seasonal structure and relative species-abundances of the phytoplankton. This information will enable the NRA to make some overall appraisal of the advance or otherwise, in trophic condition and its impact upon the perception, use and management of these nationally important sites. The report contains section on the objectives, strategy, timescale, staff and financial of the proposal, plus an appendix with information about the Windermere Profiler and the CV of the Project Leader.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Description: +2 appendices
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cheshire Meres ; Survey ; Sampling methodology ; Nutrient state ; Seasonal Structure ; Phytoplankton
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    River Dart spawning 1992 (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10876 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:49:07 | 10876 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: This is the River Dart, Spawning 1992 report produced by the National Rivers Authority. It contains details on the hydrological conditions and redd sighting locations on the River Dart, as well as kelts presence data. It also contains two basic diagrams showing the location of the sightings.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; South West ; River Dart ; River fisheries ; Freshwater fish ; Salmon fisheries ; Spawning ; Environmental monitoring ; Population dynamics.
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 8
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    Cheshire Meres 1995, May-June (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10909 | 1256 | 2013-03-21 13:05:20 | 10909 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: This is the Cheshire Meres 1995, May – June Surveys Report from the National Rivers Authority, 1995. The report focuses on the surveys of ten Cheshire Meres in November 1994 and then again in May-June 1995 as part of a rolling program examining the water quality of this group of still waters. The ten meres surveyed were: Betley, Budworth, Combermere, Hatchmere, Oak mere, Pick mere, Redes, Rostheme, Tabley, and Tatton. This report discusses the results of the May-June survey before making a comparison between these and the November survey results. The section on results contains information about suspended solids (S.S.) and volatile suspended solids (V.S.S.); Nitrate and Nitrite; Ammonia; ortho-Phosphate; Silicate and Soluble reactive Silica; and total Phosphorus.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Description: + appendices
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cheshire ; Environmental assessment ; Survey ; Eutrophication ; Inland waters ; Pollution ; Lakes classification
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 9
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    Lakes - Classification & Monitoring: a strategy for the classification of lakes (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | Bristol, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10982 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:51:31 | 10982 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
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    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: This is the report on Lakes – Classification and Monitoring, a strategy for the classification of lakes by the National Rivers Authority.This report describes a scheme for the assessment and monitoring of water and ecological quality in standing waters, greater than about 1ha in area, in England and Wales although it is generally relevant to Northwest Europe. Thirteen hydrological, chemical and biological variables are used to characterize the standing water body in any current sampling. Statistical testing on the chemical variables showed that at least six samples during a year would be needed to produce a representative sampling mean; but in this scheme the choice of variables minimizes logistic cost by not using boat sampling and time costs by not demanding extensive taxonomic work. Standing waters are classified in a state-changed system in which the contemporary values of the variables are compared with a reference baseline state and then placed in categories of percentage change from this baseline. The scheme is presently designed for use at about five year intervals on all lakes greater than 2ha area plus additional lakes of significant amenity or conservation interest.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Wales ; Lake classification ; Monitoring ; Eutrophication ; Acidification ; Infilling ; Water quality ; Ecological quality ; State-changed schemes ; Export coefficient models ; Nutrients ; Aquatic plants
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 100
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  • 10
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    The Cheshire Meres an analysis of data and a prioritisation of sites (2021)
    Institute of Freshwater Ecology | Ambleside, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10996 | 1256 | 2013-10-27 12:00:31 | 10996 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
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    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: This is a report on the Analysis of Data and a Prioritisation of Sites at the Cheshire Meres by the Institute of Freshwater Ecology.The report addresses data collected by the Agency for 24 basin sites in Cheshire. At least two samples were collected from each site, though not simultaneously. Sites were visited in May/June and in November. The determinands are standard and they included: water, temperature, conductivity, pH, DO, fractional white light penetration, TSS, chlorophyll, TP, ortho-phosphate, nitrate-, nitrite-, ammonium and silicate. Though concentrations were often higher than for other lakes in the region, rather exceeding criteria for classification as eutrophic lakes, the results confirmed that the series of lakes is, naturally, highly eutrophic and nothing in the present data differs so far from expectation that is persuasive that the ecosystems are reacting adversely to environmental stress. The data set is review and summarised, site-by-site, in an appendix. The grounds for prioritisation are discussed. Whether or not this preferred prioritised option is adopted, the Agency is recommended to review the way it carries out monitoring. The determinands and the sampling frequency need to be geared to the information that is required.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cheshire Meres ; Ecological monitoring ; Eutrophic lake ; Prioritisation ; Strategies ; Water quality ; Environmental stress
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 11
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    Effects of water quality in Bassenthwaite Lake on anglers' catches of salmon and sea-trout in the River Derwent (2021)
    Institute of Freshwater Ecology | Ambleside, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10970 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:54:01 | 10970 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
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    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: This is the report on the Effects of Water Quality in the Bassenthwaite Lake on Anglers Catches of Salmon and Sea-trout in the River Derwent April 1993 by the Institute of Freshwater Ecology. An analysis of the catch statistics for salmon and sea-trout in the Rivers Derwent and Cocker was undertaken in relation to available information on the algal water quality in Bassenthwaite Lake to test the hypothesis that poor catch returns were associated with a deterioration of water quality within the lake. Analysis of the catch statistics failed to reveal any correlation between water quality and catch returns for either species of fish and it is concluded that any water deterioration in Bassenthwaite Lake has not caused any major damage to the salmon and sea trout fisheries of the Derwent/Cocker system. This conclusion is supported by the analysis of the Windermere/Leven and Crake system, where no correlation could be found between lake water quality and downstream catches of migratory salmonid fish. However, the possibility still exists and such an effect might be detected by further field work on the macroinvertebrates and on the composition of potential salmonid spawning in the area.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Bassenthwaite Lake ; River Derwent ; River Cocker ; Water quality ; Fish catch statistics ; Pollution effects ; Environmental monitoring
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 46
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  • 12
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    Cheshire stillwaters. Summary results of 1997 data Oak Mere, Betley Mere and Marbury Big (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10911 | 1256 | 2013-03-21 13:06:32 | 10911 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Cheshire stillwaters. Summary results of 1997 data Oak Mere, Betley Mere and Marbury Big from the National Rivers Authority, June 1998. In May 1997, a Stillwaters meeting was held to discuss the way forward in stillwaters monitoring. It decided upon the establishment of a three year rolling programme, in which three stillwaters would be monitored three times a year, every third year. The stillwaters where chosen due to water quality (i.e potential polluted / sensitive waters), fisheries and ecological interests. The Still waters chosen for the first year (1997) were Oak Mere, Betley Mere and Marbury Big Mere. The surveys were aimed to produce a comprehensive study of the still water through monitoring a variety of parameters. Algal, zooplankton and water chemical samples were taken three times a year, (April, July and September). In addition, fisheries surveys were taken in July and marginal invertebrate surveys taken in September.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Description: + appendices
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cheshire ; Environmental assessment ; Environmental monitoring ; Survey ; Eutrophication ; Inland waters ; Pollution ; Lakes classification ; Fisheries surveys
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 13
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    Aspects of the washout of salmonid eggs. 2. Effects of drifting on development and survival of eggs of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5096 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:24:47 | 5096 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: At high stream discharges salmonid eggs can he displaced from the gravel and may drift downstream. It has been suggested that developing salmonid eggs may be killed by ”physical shock”, especially during the period before ”eyeing”. Similarly, a progress report by the International Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission (1966) states that salmonid eggs are most sensitive during the period between fertilisation and blastopore closure. However, it would seem unlikely that this sensitivity actually begins at the time of fertilisation because, in nature, a period, perhaps measured in hours, must occur during which the newly-fertilised eggs are exposed to physical shock during the deposition of gravel over them as a result of the cutting activity of the female fish. The present report describes simple channel experiments designed to answer the two questions: 1. After release of eggs from the gravel, does the process of drifting downstream, which implies some physical shock through movement and impact, decrease the survival of salmonid eggs? 2. Is the survival rate-influenced by the stage of development of the eggs?
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Freshwater ecology ; Rivers ; Freshwater fish ; Life cycle ; Channels ; Experimental research ; Fish eggs ; England ; Grassholme
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 14
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    Advisory report on nutrient levels and related ecology of Malham Tarn (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5092 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:25:26 | 5092 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Aspects of reported nutrient levels and their ecological implications for Malham Tarn are discussed. Discussion centres upon the data given here as appendices, involving possible evidence of a long-term increase in the concentrations of some nutrients (especially nitrate) of significance for the Tarn's ecology and conservation. Further comparative tests of some methods of chemical analysis employed in obtaining those data are reported.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater ecology ; Freshwater lakes ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Nitrates ; Phosphorus ; Alkalinity ; Methodology ; Ultraviolet radiation ; Hydrology ; England ; Malham Tarn
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  • 15
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    Aspects of the washout of salmonid eggs. 3. Observations on the settlement of artifical eggs in a section of natural stream channel at several different discharges (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5097 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:24:43 | 5097 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: It is of value to know the approximate distance of travel at different stream discharges and/or water velocities, of salmonid eggs which have been displaced from redds by spates. This report describes studies in 20 m of stream channel upstream of the fish trap in Dubby Sike. Observations were made on the relation- ships between discharge and water depth and velocity and also on the relationships between water velocity and the settlement of artificial trout eggs. The main aim was to test the hypothesis that, at any given water velocity, eggs would drift smaller distances in a natural stream than in the experimental channels.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Freshwater ecology ; Rivers ; Freshwater fish ; Channels ; Experimental research ; Fish eggs ; England ; Grassholme
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  • 16
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    Invertebrate animals of the Lake District (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5109 | 3949 | 2011-09-29 15:23:53 | 5109 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater molluscs ; Aquatic insects ; Invertebrate larvae ; Aquatic organisms ; Annual reports ; Corixidae ; Coleoptera ; England ; Lake District
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section , FALSE
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  • 17
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    Strategic ecosystem studies of large slow flowing lowland rivers. Progress report: April - October 1989 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5237 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:13:37 | 5237 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This report covers the period April to September, 1989. During this period sampling of invertebrates has concentrated on planktonic animals and those associated with one of the dominant macrophytes in the system, Nuphar lutea, the yellow water lily, since these are particularly important in the diets of larval and juvenile cyprinid fish. A proportion of samples has been partly analysed and some preliminary data are presented here.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Environment ; Limnology ; Aquatic plants ; Plankton ; Biological sampling ; Invertebrate larvae ; Pesticides ; England ; Godmanchester
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    Type: monograph
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  • 18
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    Final report on the updating service on environmental chemicals in freshwater for the period 9.1.89 to 9.7.89 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5238 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:13:42 | 5238 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This report presents five batches of data which have been despatched to the Joint Research Centre, Ispra. The data as been allocated to various ECDIN (Environmental Chemicals Data and Information Network) files. The data comprises environmental chemicals in the freshwater environment, taking in paricular consideration: aquatic toxicity, bioaccumulation, metabolism and elimination biodegradation.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Data ; Data processing ; Data collections ; Chemical compounds ; Toxicity ; Bioaccumulation ; Biodegradation ; Metabolism
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  • 19
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    Natural habitat and population control mechanism of Crassula helmsii (Australian Swamp Stonecrop) in Australia (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5236 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:13:22 | 5236 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The plant Crassula helmsii (Kirk) Cochayne, was likely to become widely distributed and to dominate many damp and wet areas of nature reserves, recreational waters and agricultural drainage of Britain. The aim of this report was to study Australian Swamp Stonecrop in its natural habitat where it is in balance with its environment. This contrasts with its rapid and widespread distribution in the U.K. where its growth interferes with the use of fisheries and amenity lakes but also reduces the value of nature reserves and sites of special scientific interest by suppressing native flora. It was proposed to observe its growth at a variety of sites over its natural distribution and to include some environmental factors, e.g. water-level, water-chemistry (nutrients, acidity and alkalinity), frost-tolerance, salinity, with the help of portable sensors, locally-available services or data. 8 weeks of travel in Australia allowed time to study the plant in its natural habitat including the coastal areas of the southern half of the continent i.e . Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and southern Queensland. The overall objective was to determine the environmental range by visits to selected sites of Crassula helmsii over its geographic range.
    Keywords: Conservation ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Plant control ; Plant populations ; Aquatic plants ; Introduced species ; Australia ; Crassula helmsii
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  • 20
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    Corroborative studies on the effects of sample variation on three macroinvertebrate biological assessment methods at different water quality states (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5259 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:09:27 | 5259 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In recent collaborative biological sampling exercises organised by the Nottingham Regional Laboratory of the Severn-Trent Water Authority, the effect of handnet sampling variation on the quality and usefulness of the data obtained has been questioned, especially when this data is transcribed into one or more of the commonly used biological methods of water quality assessment. This study investigates if this effect is constant at sites with similar typography but differing water quality states when the sampling method is standardized and carried out by a single operator. An argument is made for the use of a lowest common denominator approach to give a more consistent result and obviate the effect of sampling variation on these biological assessment methods.
    Description: Bilateral study of methods 2 - Pollution Report No.8
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Sampling ; Samplers ; Methodology ; Standardization ; Rivers ; Invertebrate larvae ; England ; Trent River
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Investigations on phytoplankton with special reference to water usage (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5281 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:31 | 5281 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Experiments and observations on the phytoplankton of certain lakes in the English Lake District were made from early 1973 to the end of March, 1974. They included laboratory and lake bioassays and observations on the quantity and quality of the phytoplankton in six lakes. The introductory sections of the report are about algae, the ecology of phytoplankton and the scope of the contracted work. Laboratory bioassays on water from one lake, Blelham Tarn, showed that phosphorus, silicon (for diatoms) and organic substances forming complexes with iron were the major substances limiting the growth of the algae tested. The growth of the test algae was limited to different degrees by those substances and, to some extent, to a greater or lesser degree at different times of year. It is suggested that a relatively simple form of bioassay could give valuable information to water undertakings. Lake bioassays and other experiments were carried out by using large in situ tubular plastic enclosures. Two such investigations are described. The effects of a change in sewerage in two drainage basins on the phytoplankton of three lakes is described and some data given about changes since 1945 in three other lakes in the same overall drainage basin. These latter lakes have been affected too by changes in sewerage and by increasing inputs of domestic and agricultural wastes. Throughout, the relevance of the work done to practical problems of water usage is kept in mind and discussed. In the last section special reference is made to the largely unpredictable results of water transfers. The report ends with a note on river phytoplankton.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Management ; Phytoplankton ; Water use ; Water supply ; Freshwater lakes ; Bioassays ; Tests ; Controlled conditions ; Thermal stratification ; Tubing ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Diatoms ; England ; English Lake District
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    A bibliography of samplers for benthic invertebrates (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5275 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:10:37 | 5275 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This annotated bibliography covers literature to the end of November 1977, and includes references to samplers that could be used for the rapid removal of benthic invertebrates from natural substrata of rivers and streams. Marine samplers which have been, or could be, used in freshwater. Coverage of Russian literature is incomplete, although a selection of recent and important references are included. The references are arranged under the following headings, Reviews; Nets and quadrat samplers; Scoops, shovels and dredges; Grabs; Corers; Suction and air-lift samplers; Electroshocking samplers; Efficiencies and comparisons; and Samplers from catalogues. There is an index to samplers (by the common name) and an author index.
    Description: Supplement to this Bibliography held as http://aquaticcommons.org/5410/
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Samplers ; Invertebrates ; Bibliographies
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 61
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    Provisional atlas of the freshwater leeches of the British Isles (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5282 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:34 | 5282 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Distribution maps were included in the second edition of the F.B.A. Scientific Publication on British freshwater leeches (Mann 1964). When that publication was extensively revised and enlarged to include a review of the literature on the ecology of leeches (Elliott & Mann 1979), it was decided that new maps should be published separately. The original maps were based on 1097 records whereas 4198 records were used for the new maps. The total British Isles list comprises sixteen species, thirteen genera and four families of leeches.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Distribution records ; Ecological distribution ; Maps ; Freshwater organisms ; Hirudinea
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 31
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  • 24
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    Ecological indicators of water quality in small rivers (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5270 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:10:29 | 5270 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: At the present time hydrobiological indicators are widely used for the control of surface water quality. Results of the applying of methods suggested at the 1st Soviet-American seminar (1975), development of improved methods and estimation of their usefulness for various conditions are presented in this report. Among the criteria permitting an estimation of the degree and character of changes in water quality and their connection with the functioning of river ecosystems in general, the biological tests of natural waters appears to be the most universal one and is being carried out in two main directions — ecological and physiological. This study summarises approaches in both directions.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; River water ; Rivers ; Water quality ; Water quality control ; Indicators
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 6
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    Published work on freshwater science from the FBA, IFE and CEH, 1929-2006 (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5284 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:41 | 5284 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: A new listing of published scientific contributions from the Freshwater Biological Association (FBA) and its later Research Council associates – the Institute of Freshwater Ecology (1989–2000) and the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (2000+) is provided. The period 1929–2006 is covered. The compilation extends an earlier list assembled by in 1979.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Bibliographies ; Freshwater sciences ; Hydrobiology ; Hydrology ; Limnology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 161
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    The predicting power of models for eutrophication (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5287 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:12:00 | 5287 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Restoration of water-bodies from eutrophication has proved to be extremely difficult. Mathematical models have been used extensively to provide guidance for management decisions. The aim of this paper is to elucidate important problems of using models for predicting environmental changes. First, the necessity for a proper uncertainty assessment of the model, upon calibration, has not been widely recognized. Predictions must not be a single time trajectory; they should be a band, expressing system uncertainty and natural variability. Availability of this information may alter the decision to be taken. Second, even with well-calibrated models, there is no guarantee they will give correct projections in situations where the model is used to predict the effects of measures designed to bring the system into an entirely different ”operating point”, as is typically the case in eutrophication abatement. The concept of educated speculation is introduced to partially overcome this difficulty. Lake Veluwe is used as a case to illustrate the point. Third, as questions become more detailed, such as ”what about expected algal composition”, there is a greater probability of running into fundamental problems that are associated with predicting the behaviour of complex non-linear systems. Some of these systems show extreme initial condition sensitivity and even, perhaps, chaotic behaviour, and are therefore fundamentally unpredictable.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Phytoplankton ; Freshwater lakes ; Models ; Growth ; Modelling ; Equations ; Bacteria ; Prediction ; Netherlands ; Veluwemeer Lake
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    Eutrophication and the management of planktonic algae: What Vollenweider couldn't tell us (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5285 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:44 | 5285 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The ”Vollenweider model” is a sophisticated mathematical statement about the long-range behaviour of (mainly temperate) lakes and their ability to support phytoplankton chlorophyll. Misapplication of the model, against which Vollenweider himself warned, has led to many misconceptions about the dynamics of plankton in lakes and reservoirs and about how best to manage systems subject to eutrophication. This contribution intends to frame the most important issues in context of the phosphorus- loading and phosphorus-limitation concepts. Emphasis is placed on the need to distinguish rate-limitation from capacity-limitation, to understand which is more manageable and why, to discern the mechanisms of internal recycling and their importance, and to appreciate the respective roles of physical and biotic components in local control of algal dynamics. Some general approaches to the management of water quality in lakes and reservoirs to eutrophication are outlined.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Phytoplankton ; Models ; Phosphorus ; Ecosystem management ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Plant growth ; Growth regulators ; Freshwater lakes
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    The control of indirect effects of biomanipulation (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5289 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:08:12 | 5289 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Results from long-term investigations on biomanipulation show that indirect effects are at least as important as direct effects are for the stability of biomanipulation. Three types of indirect effects can be distinguished: (1) a change in quantity or quality of the resource base, (2) behavioural change of the prey, and (3) development of anti-predator traits. Although indirect effects of type (2), (e.g. a change in the pattern of vertical migration of zooplankton), and type (3), (e.g. development of helmets and neck teeth in Daphnia), are important mechanisms, the most essential indirect effects regarding biomanipulation belong to type (1). An example of the latter will be demonstrated: the complex of indirect effects of enhanced grazing by large herbivores on the phosphorus metabolism of the lake. It is concluded that control of the indirect effects is absolutely necessary to stabilize biomanipulation measures, but this is much more difficult than the control of direct effects and needs deeper insights into the structuring mechanisms of food webs. Proper management of fish stocks, in combination with the control of phosphorus load and/or the physical conditions, seems to be the most promising way of controlling the indirect effects of biomanipulation.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Eutrophication ; Freshwater lakes ; Biomanipulation ; Water quality control ; Food webs ; Phosphorus
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  • 29
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    The significance of sedimentation and sediments to phytoplankton growth in drinking-water reservoirs (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5290 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:08:14 | 5290 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In the mesotrophic-eutrophic Saidenbach Reservoir in Saxony, the nanoplankton and cyanobacteria have increased at the expense of diatom dominance, due to a doubling of the external phosphorus load in the last 15 years. However, the phosphorus sedimentation flux is still very high (up to 80% of the input), corresponding to more than 2 g m2 d-1 in terms of dry weight. There is a strong correlation between the abundance of diatoms in the euphotic zone and their sedimentation flux (with a delay of about 2 weeks). Only about 25% of the deposited material could be clearly attributed to plankton biomass; the remainder resulted from flocculation and precipitation processes or directly from the inflow of clay minerals. The ash content of the deposited material was high (73%). Thus the sedimentation flux can be considered to operate as an internal water-treatment/oligotrophication process within the lake. The neighbouring Neunzehnhain Reservoir still has a very clear water with a transparency up to 18 m depth. Though the sediment was not much lower than Saidenbach sediment in total phosphorus and total numbers of bacteria, sulphide was always absent and the ratio of Fe 2+ to Fe 3+ was very low in the upper (0- 5 cm) layer. Thus the external and internal phosphorus loads do not attain the critical level necessary to induce a ”phosphorus - phytoplankton” feedback loop.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Freshwater lakes ; Water quality control ; Phosphorus ; Water reservoirs ; Phytoplankton ; Growth ; Sedimentation ; Sediment composition ; Germany
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Physical measures to inhibit planktonic cyanobacteriae (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5295 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:49 | 5295 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In a small lake, intermittent destratification was installed after several other physico-chemical and physical in-lake therapy measures (phosphorus immobilization, permanent destratification) had been tested without great success. If an aerobic sediment-water interface can be maintained, intermittent destratification removes cyanobacteria and prevents optimal development of other members of the photoautotrophic plankton. During growing seasons, increasing abundances of small-bodied herbivores (Bosmina) and Daphnia may have accounted for relatively low phytoplankton biomass as well. Intermittent destratification is a very fast-working in-lake measure and seems to be applicable even in relatively shallow lakes (〈 15 m), in which permanent destratification seems to be risky.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Destratification ; Ecosystem management ; Water quality control ; Phosphorus ; Eutrophic lakes ; Inhibitors ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Biomass ; Germany ; Fischkaltersee
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Summary and concluding remarks (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5298 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:47 | 5298 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This chapter summarises the meeting, entitled ”Eutrophication: Research and Application to Water Supply”. The general feeling was that academic research on the process of eutrophication had progressed significantly over the past decade, but there had been little contact with the water managers, i.e. those whose work was at the sharp end of dealing with the associated problems. This chapter summarises the sessions held by experts in the field.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Inland waters ; Water management ; Phytoplankton ; Conferences
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Development of trophic state and phytoplankton in an oligo-mesotrophic reservoir (Kleine Kinzig) in Black Forest, Germany (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5292 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:08:07 | 5292 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Since 1989, intensive studies have been made on a relatively new (1983-84) oligotrophic reservoir and its pre-reservoir in the Black Forest. This paper briefly reports on the hydrochemistry, especially annual variations in phosphorus loadings, and the seasonal development of phytoplankton in 1989 and 1990.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Eutrophication ; Freshwater lakes ; Water reservoirs ; Limnological surveys ; Phosphorus ; Biomass ; Phytoplankton ; Oligotrophic lakes ; Germany ; Kleine Kinzig Reservoir
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Calcite covering of sediment as a possible way of curbing blue-green algae (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5291 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:52 | 5291 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Natural calcite precipitation in lakes is a well-known control mechanism of eutrophication. In hard-water lakes, calcite deposits on the flat bottoms of shallow lakes and near the shores of deeper lakes resulted from biogenic decalcification during the millenia after the last glacial period. The objective of a new restoration technology is to intensify the natural process of precipitation by utilizing the different qualities of calcareous mud layers. In a pilot experiment in Lake Rudower See, East Germany, phosphorus-poor deeper layers of the sediments were flushed out and spread over the phosphorus-rich uppermost sediments, to promote the co- precipitation of calcite with phosphorus from the water-column.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Freshwater lakes ; Phosphorus ; Calcitization ; Algal blooms ; Calcite ; Sedimentation ; Germany
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    A control of gas-vacuolate cyanobacteria (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5301 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:11 | 5301 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The cyanobacteria that cause problems in water supply are principally the colonial forms that are buoyed up by gas vesicles. The success of these organisms is due, in part, to their gas vesicles, which enable them to perform vertical migrations or to maintain themselves in the euphotic zone. The gas vesicles are also the root cause of the problems. In calm periods they cause the cyanobacteria to float to the water surface forming noxious scums, and they may prevent the colonies from sedimenting in water treatment plants. Gas vesicles are hollow, gas-filled structures; they are rigid but can be collapsed by the application of pressure. Their critical collapse pressure is influenced by their dimensions, which vary in different organisms. Gas vesicles are formed by the assembly of two types of protein, which determine their mechanical and physical properties. Methods for collapsing gas vesicles in natural populations of cyanobacteria will be considered. They may have application to the control of cyanobacteria in water supply.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Gases ; Buoyancy ; Algae ; Bacteria ; Photosynthesis ; Growth ; Competition
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Changes of water quality and sediment phosphorus of a small productive lake following decreased phosphorus loading (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5293 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:08:09 | 5293 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Esthwaite Water is the most productive or eutrophic lake in the English Lake District. Since 1945 its water quality has been determined from weekly or biweekly measurements of temperature, oxygen, plant nutrients and phytoplankton abundance. The lake receives phosphorus from its largely lowland-pasture catchment, sewage effluent from the villages of Hawkshead and Near Sawrey, and from a cage-culture fish farm. From 1986 phosphorus has been removed from the sewage effluent of Hawkshead which was considered to contribute between 47% and 67% of the total phosphorus loading to the lake. At the commencement of phosphorus removal regular measurements of phosphorus in the superficial 0-4 cm layer of lake sediment were made from cores collected at random sites. Since 1986 the mean annual concentration of alkali-extractable sediment phosphorus has decreased by 23%. This change is not significant at the 5% level but nearly so. There has been no marked change in water quality over this period. Summer dominance of blue-green algae which arose in the early 1980s after decline of the previous summer forms, Ceratium spp., has been maintained. Improvement in water quality is unlikely to be achieved at the present phosphorus loading.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Freshwater lakes ; Limnological surveys ; Phosphorus ; Phytoplankton ; Primary production ; Sediment analysis ; Water quality ; England ; Esthwaite Water
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    The scope for biomanipulation in improving water quality (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5288 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:08:15 | 5288 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Biomanipulation is a form of biological engineering in which organisms are selectively removed or encouraged to alleviate the symptoms of eutrophication. Most examples involve fish and grazer zooplankton though mussels have also been used. The technique involves continuous management in many deeper lakes and is not a substitute for nutrient control. In some lakes, alterations to the lake environment have given longer-term positive effects. And in some shallow lakes, biomanipulation may be essential, alongside nutrient control, in re- establishing former aquatic-plant-dominated ecosystems which have been lost through severe eutrophication. The emergence of biomanipulation techniques emphasises that lake systems are not simply chemical reactors which respond simply to engineered chemical changes, but very complex and still very imperfectly understood ecosystems which require a yet profounder understanding before they can be restored with certainty.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Freshwater lakes ; Biomanipulation ; Water quality control
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    Structural dynamic eutrophication models (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5299 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:19 | 5299 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This article discusses problems of modelling the seasonal succession of algal species in lakes and reservoirs, and the adaptive selection of certain groups of algae in response to changes in the inputs and relative concentrations of nutrients and other environmental variables. A new generation of quantitative models is being developed which attempts to translate some important biological properties of species (survival, variation, inheritance, reproductive rates and population growth) into predictions about the survival of the fittest, where ”fitness” is measured or estimated in thermodynamic terms. The concept of ”exergy” and its calculation is explored to examine maximal exergy as a measure of fitness in ecosystems, and its use for calculating changes in species composition by means of structural dynamic models. These models accomodate short-term changes in parameters that affect the adaptive responses (species selection) of algae.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Phytoplankton ; Freshwater lakes ; Models ; Growth ; Modelling ; Energy ; Inland water environment ; Thermodynamics
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    A tool for better management of water quality during periods of algal blooms: the case of the River Oise (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5300 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:17 | 5300 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Like other rivers in the Paris area, the Oise is subject to important seasonal algal blooms. This eutrophication generates notable problems for the production of drinking-water from a treatment plant on the river at Méry. A mathematical model has been developed to simulate variation in water quality in a pre-treatment storage basin, and another model is currently being adapted to model the River Oise. Integration of the two models should provide a comprehensive tool for predicting variations of phytoplankton and water-quality parameters associated with algal blooms. This will be a decision-aid for optimizing control of the treatment process for providing potable water.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Water treatment ; Water supply ; Modelling ; Models ; Phytoplankton ; Water management ; France ; Oise River
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    The ecological impact of different mechanisms of chronic sub-lethal toxicity on feeding and respiratory physiology (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5307 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:39 | 5307 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Sub-lethal toxicity tests, such as the scope-for-growth test, reveal simple relationships between measures of contaminant concentration and effect on respiratory and feeding physiology. Simple models are presented to investigate the potential impact of different mechanisms of chronic sub-lethal toxicity on these physiological processes. Since environmental quality is variable, even in unimpacted environments, toxicants may have differentially greater impacts in poor compared to higher quality environments. The models illustrate the implications of different degrees and mechanisms of toxicity in response to variability in the quality of the feeding environment, and variability in standard metabolic rate. The models suggest that the relationships between measured degrees of toxic stress, and the maintenance ration required to maintain zero scope-for-growth, may be highly nonlinear. In addition it may be possible to define critical levels of sub-lethal toxic effect above which no environment is of sufficient quality to permit prolonged survival.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Toxicity ; Sublethal effects ; Toxicity tests ; Models ; Metabolism ; Narcosis ; Animal physiology ; Risk management ; Respiration
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    The connection between single species and ecosystems (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5306 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:38 | 5306 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Ecosystem level models are motivated by some combination of scientific and practical concerns. Those models motivated by practical concerns are likely to bear little historical relation to previous models. Mechanisms of interaction between particular species and their ecosystems vary enormously. Some species literally construct their own ecosystems. Others have more or less complex and important interactions with other species so that their presence or absence may alter the ecosystem. Prior information about the natural history of particular species can make ecosystem investigations quicker, cheaper, and more effective. The optimal resource for preparing to deal with the unlimited diversity of questions asked of ecologists would be a large' computerized databank of natural history observations for as many species as possible.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Oceanography ; Ecosystems ; Aquatic environment ; Species ; Interspecific relationships ; Biology ; Models
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    Effects of stress on the immune system of fish (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5309 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:43 | 5309 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The effects of stress on the immune system of various fish species including dab Limanda limanda, flounder Platichthys flesus, sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax and gobies Zosterisessor ophiocephalus, were investigated from laboratory and field experiments, using various assays to measure immunocompetence, correlated with histological and ultrastructural observations. Modulation of the immune system was demonstrated at tissue, cellular and biochemical levels following exposure to various stressors. The spleen somatic index was depressed in dab stressed in the laboratory and gobies collected from polluted sites in the Venice Lagoon. Differential blood cell counts consistently showed an increase in phagocytes and decrease in thrombocytes in fish exposed to various stressors. Phagocytic activity from spleen and kidney adherent cells was stimulated in dab stressed by transportation but depressed in fish exposed to chemical pollutants. Respiratory burst activity in phagocytic cells was also stimulated in stressed dab but depressed in sea bass exposed to cadmium. The results are discussed in relation to current concepts on stress in fish and the regulation of the immune system.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Bioassays ; Nervous system ; Immunity ; Biological stress ; Marine fish ; Pollution effects ; Kidneys ; Phagocytosis ; Italy ; Porto Marghera
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    Viruses and drinking water (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5320 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:44 | 5320 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: There is no evidence to indicate that there is a risk of acquiring a virus infection through the consumption of properly treated drinking water, provided the integrity of the distribution system is maintained and there is no post-treatment contamination. The consumption of inadequately treated, untreated or post-treatment contaminated water is, however, associated with a risk of hepatitis A, hepatitis E and viral gastroenteritis. The use of the standard bacterial indicators for water monitoring provides an adequate safeguard against viral contamination.
    Keywords: Health ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Public health ; Microbial contamination ; Viral diseases ; Viruses ; Water treatment ; Pollution indicators
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    Cultural methods of detection for microorganisms: recent advances and successes (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5317 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:35 | 5317 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Most microbiological methods require culture to allow organisms to recover or to selectively increase, and target organisms are identified by growth on specific agar media. Many cultural methods take several days to complete and even then the results require confirmation. Alternative techniques include the use of chromogenic and fluorogenic substances to identify bacteria as they are growing, selective capture using antibodies after short periods of growth, molecular techniques, and direct staining with or without flow cytometry for enumeration and identification. Future microbiologists may not use culture but depend on the use of specific probes and sophisticated detection systems.
    Keywords: Engineering ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Water quality ; Microorganisms ; Methodology ; Detection ; Bacteria ; Cultured organisms ; Enzymes ; Immunofluorescence ; Flow cytometry ; Microbiological culture
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    The microbiological quality of water: the nature of the problem (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5315 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:22 | 5315 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Improvements in methods for the detection and enumeration of microbes in water, particularly the application of techniques of molecular biology, have highlighted shortcomings in the ”standard methods” for assessing water quality. Higher expectations from the consumer and increased publicity associated with pollution incidents can lead to an uncoupling of the cycle which links methodological development with standard-setting and legislation. The new methodology has also highlighted problems within the water cycle, related to the introduction, growth and metabolism of microbes. A greater understanding of the true diversity of the microbial community and the ability to transmit genetic information within aquatic systems ensures that the subject of this symposium and volume provides an ideal forum to discuss the problems encountered by both researcher and practitioner.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Water quality ; Microbiology ; Microorganisms ; Hydrologic cycle ; Methodology ; Bacteria ; Bacterial counters ; Public health ; Microbial contamination ; Primary production ; Fungi ; Cryptosporidium
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    Detection of specific bacteria in water: implications of survival strategy (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5318 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:37 | 5318 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: It is widely recognised that conventional culture techniques may underestimate true viable bacterial numbers by several orders of magnitude. The basis of this discrepancy is that a culture in or on media of high nutrient concentration is highly selective (either through ”nutrient shock” or failure to provide vital co-factors) and decreases apparent diversity; thus it is unrepresentative of the natural community. In addition, the non-culturable but viable state (NCBV) is a strategy adopted by some bacteria as a response to environmental stress. The basis for the non-culturable state is that cells placed in conditions present in the environment cannot be recultured but can be shown to maintain their viability. Consequently, these cells would not be detected by standard water quality techniques that are based on culture. In the case of pathogens, it may explain outbreaks of disease in populations that have not come into contact with the pathogen. However, the NCBV state is difficult to attribute, due to the failure to distinguish between NCBV and non-viable cells. This article will describe experiences with the fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and the application of molecular techniques for its detection and physiological analysis.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Bacteria ; Bacterial diseases ; Detection ; Methodology ; Molecular biology ; Microbiological culture
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    The impact of molecular biology on assessment of water quality: advantages and limitations of current techniques (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5316 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:33 | 5316 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The advent of molecular biology has had a dramatic impact on all aspects of biology, not least applied microbial ecology. Microbiological testing of water has traditionally depended largely on culture techniques. Growing understanding that only a small proportion of microbial species are culturable, and that many microorganisms may attain a viable but non-culturable state, has promoted the development of novel approaches to monitoring pathogens in the environment. This has been paralleled by an increased awareness of the surprising genetic diversity of natural microbial populations. By targeting gene sequences that are specific for particular microorganisms, for example genes that encode diagnostic enzymes, or species-specific domains of conserved genes such as 16S ribosomal RNA coding sequences (rrn genes), the problems of culture can be avoided. Technical developments, notably in the area of in vitro amplification of DNA using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), now permit routine detection and identification of specific microorganisms, even when present in very low numbers. Although the techniques of molecular biology have provided some very powerful tools for environmental microbiology, it should not be forgotten that these have their own drawbacks and biases in sampling. For example, molecular techniques are dependent on efficient lysis and recovery of nucleic acids from both vegetative forms and spores of microbial species that may differ radically when growing in the laboratory compared with the natural environment. Furthermore, PCR amplification can introduce its own bias depending on the nature of the oligonucleotide primers utilised. However, despite these potential caveats, it seems likely that a molecular biological approach, particularly with its potential for automation, will provide the mainstay of diagnostic technology for the foreseeable future.
    Keywords: Engineering ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Water quality ; Microbiology ; Microorganisms ; Methodology ; Molecular biology ; DNA ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Detection ; RNA ; Bacteria ; Bacterial diseases
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    Zooplankton patchiness (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5312 | 3949 | 2020-08-23 05:42:57 | 5312 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This review considers three general aspects of research on zooplankton patchiness: the detection of patchiness, the description of patchiness and the causes of patchiness.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater lakes ; Horizontal distribution ; Annual report
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    Production of positive controls for calcivirus-specific PCR using recombinant baculiovirus technology (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5321 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:11 | 5321 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Recent advances in our knowledge of the genetic structure of human caliciviruses (HuCVs) and small round-structured viruses (SRSVs) have led to the development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular tests specific for these viruses. These methods have been developed to detect a number of human pathogenic viruses in environmental samples including water, sewage and shellfish. HuCVs and SRSVs are not culturable, and no animal model is currently available. Therefore there is no convenient method of preparing viruses for study or for reagent production. One problem facing those attempting to use PCR-based methods for the detection of HuCVs and SRSVs is the lack of a suitable positive control substrate. This is particularly important when screening complex samples in which the levels of inhibitors present may significantly interfere with amplificiation. Regions within the RNA polymerase regions of two genetically distinct human caliciviruses have been amplified and used to produce recombinant baculoviruses which express RNA corresponding to the calicivirus polymerase. This RNA is being investigated as a positive control substrate for PCR testing, using current diagnostic primer sets. Recombinant baculovirus technology will enable efficient and cost-effective production of large quantities of positive control RNA with a specific known genotype. We consider the development of these systems as essential for successful screening and monitoring applications.
    Keywords: Health ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Viruses ; Viral diseases ; RNA ; Primers ; Cloning ; Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning ; Public health ; Sewages
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    Biodiversity in drinking water distribution systems:a brief review (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5323 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:12 | 5323 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In drinking water distribution systems, three groups of living organisms are usually found in the biofilm and circulating water: heterotrophic bacteria, free-living protozoa, and macro-invertebrates. Indirect evidence suggests that protozoa grazing in distribution systems can partially eliminate biomass production and accidental microbiological pollution. This paper examines the biodiversit in drinking water distribution systems.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Water supply ; Biodiversity ; Food chains ; Bacteria ; Invertebrate larvae ; Escherichia coli
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    Persistence of viable but non-culturable bacteria during the production and distribution of drinking water (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5322 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:32 | 5322 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The direct measurement of in situ respiring bacteria using 5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride (CTC) shows that, especially for Gram-negative bacteria, large numbers of viable but non-culturable (VBNC) bacteria are present in finished water from a conventional water treatment plant, and the regrowth of bacteria along distribution networks can be seen rapidly by using this very sensitive technique. The level of bacterial inactivation with chlorine is much less important than has been previously supposed (based on experiments with non-injured laboratory strains of bacteria and classical culture techniques). Threshold values of VBNC bacteria leaving water treatment plants or regrowing along distribution systems have to be determined for better control of coliform regrowth and health- risks associated with the consumption of drinking water.
    Keywords: Biology ; Health ; Limnology ; Water supply ; Water treatment ; Bacteria ; Microbiological culture ; Bacterial counters ; Staining ; Growth curves ; France
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    Tastes and odours in potable water:perception versus reality (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5324 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:13 | 5324 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Tastes and odours are amongst the few water quality standards immediately apparent to a consumer and, as a result, account for most consumer complaints about water quality. Although taste and odour problems can arise from a great many sources, from an operational point of view they are either ”predictable” or ”unpredictable”. The former - which include problems related to actinomycete and algal growth - have a tendency to occur in certain types of water under certain combinations of conditions, whereas the latter - typically chemical spills - can occur anywhere. Long-term control is one option for predictable problems, although biomanipulation on a large scale has had utile success. Detection and avoidance is a more practicable option for both predictable and unpredictable problems, particularly if the distribution network can be serviced from other sources. Where these are not feasible, then water treatment, typically using activated carbon, is possible. In general there is a reasonable understanding of what compounds cause taste and odour problems, and how to treat these. An efficient taste and odour control programme therefore relies ultimately on good management of existing resources. However, a number of problems lie outside the remit of water supply companies and will require more fundamental regulation of activities in the catchment.
    Keywords: Limnology ; Sociology ; Water supply ; Taste ; Odour ; Water treatment ; Fresh water ; Monitoring
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    Immunodetection of planktonic algae (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5333 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:04:52 | 5333 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Interest in the identification and characterisation of cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates in aquatic environments is increasing rapidly due to the perceived roles of these organisms in primary production and nuisance aspects in terms of water treatment and public health. Techniques for the identification and quantification of these organisms currently are limited, and the application of molecular approaches provides fundamental taxonomic information and techniques of practical value. Antigenic properties of algal cells may be useful taxonomic markers. Immunodetection techniques utilise the specificity of the antibody/antigen association as a probe for recognising and distinguishing between microorganisms according to their cell- surface chemistry. Immunofluorescent detection of unicellular cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates has been studied with success in marine and freshwater ecosystems and a range of techniques and results are presented and discussed. The most recent advances in the study of planktonic algae have come with the application of continuous flow cytometric methods (CFC). Flow cytometry makes use of the autofluorescence properties of the algal cells, which alone can be used to demonstrate their presence and permit their quantification in natural water samples. When used in conjunction with immunolabelling techniques, the potential of CFC analysis is broadened to study the serological/strain composition of plankters in natural populations. Changes in algal strains represented within and between waters over periods of time are reported and discussed, along with the ecological issues thus raised.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Bacteria ; Methodology ; Algae ; Plankton ; Immunology ; Detection ; Toxicity tests ; Immunofluorescence ; Synechococcus ; Alexandrium tamarens ; Prorocentrum micans
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    The diversity and ecological role of protozoa in fresh waters (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5338 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:04:07 | 5338 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Protozoa feed on and regulate the abundance of most types of aquatic microorganisms, and they are an integral part of all aquatic microbial food webs. Being so small, aerobic protozoa thrive at low oxygen tensions, where they feed (largely unaffected by metazoan grazing) on the abundance of other microorganisms. In anaerobic environments, they are the only phagotrophic organisms, and they live in unique symbiotic consortia with methanogens, sulphate reducers and non-sulphur purple bacteria. The number of extant species of protozoa may be quite modest (the global number of ciliate species is estimated at 3000), and most of them probably have cosmopolitan distributions. This will undoubtedly make it easier to carry out further tasks, e.g. understanding the role of protozoan species diversity in the natural environment.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Oxygen depletion ; Distribution ; Species diversity ; Inland water environment ; Freshwater ecology ; Food webs ; Filter feeders ; Metabolism ; Protists
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    The food of coarse fish (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5344 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:02:55 | 5344 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: Remarkably little has been published on the feeding habits of the non-salmonid fishes of British fresh waters. The following report briefly summarizes the results obtained from the examination of the stomach contents of some 2,700 fish, belonging to 19 species, which were obtained during 1939. The results of all examinations of gut contents were analysed, species by species, upon a simple basis of the presence of different types of food. Foodstuffs were divided up into six main categories— fish, molluscs, insects, crustaceans, higher plants together with filamentous algae, and diatoms—and the occurrence of members of any of these categories was recorded for each fish.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Coarse fish ; Feeding ; Feeding behaviour ; Fishery surveys ; Food organisms ; Gutting ; England
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    Using RIVPACS for studies on conservation and biodiversity (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5343 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:02:34 | 5343 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: Invertebrate conservation relies not only on public support and political will, but also on possessing an adequate understanding of the distribution and ecology of invertebrate species and communities. In the UK, RIVPACS is making an important contribution to assessing the conservation importance of river invertebrate assemblages. So far, work has largely centred on using RIVPACS as an integral part of SERCON (System for Evaluating Rivers for Conservation), in which data collected using the standard RIVPACS method are interpreted with reference to conservation criteria such as species richness and representativeness. Applications of RIVPACS to other areas of conservation - whether providing information on the ecological requirements of rare species, monitoring the success of river restoration projects, or making broader assessments of sustainability - are probably more limited, but merit further examination. It is important to develop closer links between RIVPACS and techniques such as SERCON and RHS (River Habitat Survey) in order to maximise the benefit each can bring tostudies on conservation and biodiversity. It should also be recognised that there are limitations in transferring such systems to other countries where approaches to nature conservation may be very different.
    Keywords: Conservation ; Environment ; Limnology ; Classification systems ; Invertebrate larvae ; Rivers ; Computer programs ; Nature conservation ; Biodiversity ; Sustainability ; England
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    A supplement to a bibliography of samplers for benthic invertebrates (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5410 | 9 | 2011-09-29 14:59:49 | 5410 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: A supplement to the earlier bibliography compiled by Elliott and Tullett 1978 (FBA Occas. Publ. No. 4) covering literature from December 1977 - December 1982 on samplers that could be used for the rapid removal of benthic intertebrates from the natural substrata of rivers and streams. In addition it includes papers on marine samplers that have been or could be used in freshwater.
    Description: Original bibliography held as http://aquaticcommons.org/5275/
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Benthos collecting devices ; Biological sampling ; Limnological equipment ; Samplers ; Invertebrate larvae ; Benthos ; Bibliographies
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    A guide to the interpretation of sea trout scales (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | Bristol, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/8378 | 1256 | 2012-03-07 14:44:30 | 8378 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: The overall purpose of this guide is to provide a manualfor the collection and interpretation of sea trout scales. Abrief introduction considers the advantages anddisadvantages of using scales to determine age and growth.To ensure that scales are interpreted in a consistentmanner, all major terms are defined and a standard systemfor age notation is proposed. The methodology for thecollection, mounting and interpretation of scales isdescribed in detail, and this is followed by a section on the back-calculation of lengths at different ages. Each topic is discussed critically. The final part of this guide is an atlas illustrating scales from a wide range of sea trout and including not only excellent "type-scales" but also difficult and impossible scales.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Limnology ; Scales ; Tagging ; Salmo trutta ; Scale reading ; Age ; Animal morphology ; Length
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    Type: monograph
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    Freshwater Biological Association 1929-1979. The first fifty years (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/9627 | 1256 | 2013-10-27 12:24:04 | 9627 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: Booklet telling the story of the FBA from its founding in 1929 until its Golden Jubilee in 1979. The booklet aimed to produce a readable account of those aspects of freshwater biology that have been among the main themes of the Association's research, as well as some aspects of its history and the philosophy guiding its foundation. The publication includes many images of the FBA's work and history as well as images and illustrations on lake ecology and applied science.
    Keywords: Biology ; Ecology ; Limnology ; Freshwater scientists ; Freshwater sciences ; Limnology ; Organisations
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    River Gowy rapid corridor survey July 1995. Ecology South Mersey (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11029 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:42:10 | 11029
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: This is the River Gowy rapid corridor survey July 1995: Ecology South Mersey report produced by the National Rivers Authority North West Region in 1995. This report looks at the survey carried out by the South Mersey Ecology Team prior to routine deweeding operations on the main River Gowy at the end of July, 1995. The survey covered Flood Defence Stretch References RGOW03 to RGOW16. These stretches were further divided into a series of 43 stretches, each one being approximately 500m in length for ease o f mapping by Ecology. Recommendations for each length have been cross-referenced with the Bill of Quantities where possible, e.g. retention o f margins. In Flood Defence stretch RGOW03, the South West Winter Wetland forms an important habitat for birds. In stretches RGOW04 to RGOW05, the Gowy Meadows and Ditches have been designated a Grade A, Site of Biological Importance, by Cheshire County Council due to the nature of the acidic grassland and diverse ditches. In stretches RGOWIO to RGOW11 the left bank forms Hockenhull Platts, Grade A Site of Biological Importance and County Trust Reserve. In stretches RGOW15 to RGOW16, the area from Mill Farm to the Shropshire Union Canal is a Grade A Site of Biological Importance. These sites are very sensitive and detailed recommendations for working practices can be found in the relevant sections o f the survey.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Description: +appendices
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Mersey ; River Gowy ; Inland waters ; Flood Defence stretch references ; Macrophytes ; Macroinvertebrates ; Freshwater fish ; Water quality
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    The NRA's role in wetland conservation (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | Bristol, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/11034 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:41:24 | 11034 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: This is the NRA's role in wetland conservation report produced by the National Rivers Authority in 1995. This document is the third of a series of three R&D Notes produced as part of an integrated research programme addressing aspects of the NRA's role in wetland management and conservation. Chapter 1 considers the nature of the wetland resource and its definition. Chapter 2 presents the NRA's current legislative and policy framework relating to its role in wetland conservation. National and international legislation and agreements are considered, and particular attention is afforded to the potential implications of the 'Habitats Directive'. Chapter 4 presents key examples of operational casework involving wetlands. Differences in approach and external perceptions of the NRA's current and likely future role in wetland conservation are discussed within Chapter 5. Other issues highlighted in this report are: policy guidance required on NRA’s role in land drainage; standard of flood defence service for wetlands; cost-benefit analysis; strategies for halting and reversing the decline and degradation of wetland resource; and Catchment Management Planning.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Inland waters ; Wetland definition ; Wetland management ; Wetland conservation ; Water management ; Legislation ; Policy ; Strategy ; Survey ; Restoration
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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    River Dart Weir and fish pass survey 1992 (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10875 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:50:15 | 10875 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: This is the River Dart, Weir and Fish Pass Survey 1992 report produced by the National Rivers Authority.It goes through the general condition of Weirs and fish passes to determine the extent of problems associated with the upstream and downstream migration of salmonids. It considers solutions where problems exist and investigates the exact use of the resource. It looks at the following Weirs: Totnes, Staverton, Hood, Kilbury, Buckfast, Holne, Mardle (River Mardle), Holybrook (Holybrook), Jordan (West Webburn), Swincombe Intake (River Swincombe), Blackbrook, West Dart, Cowsic (Devonport Leat), Kingfisher Press (Bidwell Brook) and Bagpark (East Webburn). It also contains location maps of the weirs and individual fact sheets along detailed pictures and diagrams.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives South West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; South West ; River Dart ; Rivers ; River fisheries ; Freshwater fish ; Migratory species ; Salmon fisheries ; Fishery surveys ; Fish passes ; Environmental assessment
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    Type: monograph
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    Cheshire Meres 1994 November surveys (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10919 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:59:17 | 10919 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Cheshire Meres 1994 November surveys report produced by the National Rivers Authority in 1995. The report focuses on some of Cheshire meres, which were showing evidence of increasing eutrophication, commonly due to anthropogenic inputs. Concern for the deterioration of the water quality of still waters has been translated by incorporating these priorities into the NRA North West Regional Environmental Strategy for Stillwaters. The meres were also being investigated as possible polluted waters under the EC Nitrate Directive.The ultimate aim is to formulate lakes management options in order to help preserve North West still waters and minimise future restoration programmes. For such pro-active work to be carried out, sufficient background data must be available. It should then be possible to fully assess the current status of these lakes, identify seasonal trends and detect significant point/diffuse pollution inputs. These surveys were the first of a series, and it was intended to repeat similar surveys in Summer and Autumn 1995, and include a further 20 meres.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Description: + appendices
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Cheshire ; Environmental assessment ; Survey ; Eutrophication ; Inland waters ; Pollution ; Lakes classification ; Nitrate Directive ; Lakes management
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    Type: monograph
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    Species management in aquatic Habitats WRc Nov 1993 (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | Bristol, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10938 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:59:55 | 10938 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Species management in aquatic Habitats WRc Nov 1993 produced by the National Rivers Authority (NRA) in 1993. This report identified key rare and nuisance species of interest to the NRA and prioritised research needs to develop conservation strategies for these species. The NRA has in the past adopted a habitat maintenance and protection approach to conservation paying less attention at individual species. There is a risk that conservation based on a habitat management policy will no further the conservation of certain species. In addition, certain ‘nuisance’ species cause problems for conservation by having a negative impact on more valued species or ecosystems. Through the combination of the review of current legislation and literature and consultation with NRA staff, this project identified key rare and nuisance species of interest to the NRA and prioritised research needs to develop conservation strategies for these species.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Description: + appendices
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; UK ; Conservation ; Species management ; Rare species ; Nuisance species
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    Species management in aquatic Habitats WRc Dec 1993 (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | Bristol, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10937 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:58:19 | 10937 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: This is the Species management in aquatic Habitats WRc Dec 1993 produced by the National Rivers Authority in 1993. This report is focused on the Phase 1 of the Species Management in Aquatic Habitats, based on the Development of priority lists of rare and nuisance species for the National Rivers Authority (NRA). Certain ‘nuisance’ species cause problems for conservation by having a negative impact on more valued species or ecosystems. This project was initiated as part of a programme of research to develop strategies for the management of both rare and nuisance species. This project identified key rare and nuisance species of interest to the NRA and prioritised research needs to develop conservation strategies for these species. A combined provisional list of almost a thousand rare species, a priority list of 58 species of potential interest and a priority list of nine nuisance species was developed by a process of literature review and from suggestions by NRA conservation staff.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; UK ; Conservation ; Species management ; Rare species ; Nuisance species ; Biomarkers
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    Type: monograph
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    Salmonid & freshwater Fisheries statistics England & Wales 1989 (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | Lowestoft, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10947 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:58:11 | 10947 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: This is the Salmonid & Freshwater Fisheries Statistics for England & Wales 1989 produced by the National Rivers Authority (NRA) in 1989. This report is focused on the maintenance, improvement and development of fisheries of England and Wales. This report is the first on salmon and migratory trout catch statistics for England and Wales published by the National Rivers Authority (NRA). From 1989 onwards, these statistics will appear each year as NRA fisheries statistics reports replacing the Data Report Series which was published by the Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food (MAFF) Directorate of Fisheries Research. This report makes a general review of different catches: Northumbria, Yorkshire, Anglian, Thames, Southern, Wessex, South West, Severn-Trent, Welsh and North West.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Wales ; Northumbria ; Yorkshire ; Anglian ; Thames ; Southern ; Wessex ; South West ; Severn-Trent ; Welsh ; North West ; Inland waters ; Rivers ; River fisheries ; Freshwater fish ; Fishery management ; Fishery data ; Fish catch statistics ; Migratory species ; Licensing
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Salmonid & freshwater Fisheries statistics England & Wales 1990 (2021)
    National Rivers Authority | Bristol, UK
    In:  dis@fba.org.uk | http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/10948 | 1256 | 2013-03-26 13:58:02 | 10948 | Environment Agency, UK (Freshwater Biological Association)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: This is the Salmonid & Freshwater Fisheries Statistics for England & Wales 1990 produced by the National Rivers Authority (NRA) in 1992. This report is focused on the maintenance, improvement and development of fisheries of England and Wales. This report is the second compilation of salmon and migratory trout catch statistics for England and Wales published by the National Rivers Authority (NRA). Before 1989, these statistics were published by the Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food (MAFF) Directorate of Fisheries Research in their Data Report Series. The 1990 data have been presented in a broadly similar format to those of 1989. However, two further NRA regions, four in all, provided effort data for rod fisheries in 1990. This report makes a general review of different catches: Northumbria, Yorkshire, Anglian, Thames, Southern, Wessex, South West, Severn-Trent, Welsh and North West.
    Description: Environment Agency Archives North West
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Management ; England ; Wales ; Northumbria ; Yorkshire ; Anglian ; Thames ; Southern ; Wessex ; South West ; Severn-Trent ; Welsh ; North West ; Inland waters ; Rivers ; River fisheries ; Freshwater fish ; Fishery management ; Fishery data ; Fish catch statistics ; Migratory species ; Licensing
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Ground-water records of Seminole County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/641 | 3 | 2020-08-24 02:24:41 | 641 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: The primary purpose of the investigation leading tothe report of which this is the basic data section was todetermine the extent to which salt water had encroachedinto the water-bearing formations of Seminole County andto evaluate the factors governing encroachment. Fieldwork for this study, begun in 1951 by the U. S. GeologicalSurvey in cooperation with the Florida Geological Survey,the Board of County Commissioners of Seminole County,and the city of Sanford, was completed in 1956. The interpretiveresults of the study are given in a report entitled"Ground-Water Resources of Seminole County, Florida, "by Jack T. Barraclough, published by the Florida GeologicalSurvey as Report of Investigations No. 27. (Document has 156 pages.)
    Keywords: Management ; Oceanography ; Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Saltwater intrusion ; Seminole County ; Florida
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    Well design as a factor contributing to loss of water from the Floridan Aquifer, eastern Clay County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/642 | 3 | 2020-08-24 02:25:04 | 642 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: A number of wells penetrating the Floridan aquifer in easternClay County were found to be losing water to permeable zones abovethis aquifer. A differential in artesian pressure was observed in closelyspaced wells of similar depth. Further investigation. revealed thatthe pressure differential in the wells was due to the design of thewells, of which there were four principal types.A comparison of the four types of wells in relation to the subsurfacegeology showed that three types of wells were open to the permeablezones above the Floridan aquifer. In such wells water of relativelyhigh head from the Floridan aquifer moves up through the well boreand out into zones of relatively low head.The estimated water loss from poorly designed wells rangedfrom 32 to 180 gpm (gallons per minute). The artesian head loss inleaky wells ranged from 3 to 15 feet. A total loss of water of 39 mgd(million gallons per day) was estimated from all the leaky wells inthe area. A significant decline of the piezometric surface of the Floridanaquifer was observed in eastern Clay County. Some of this decline canbe attributed to the loss of water from the Floridan aquifer throughthese poorly designed wells. (Document has 16 pages.)
    Keywords: Engineering ; Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; groundwater ; wells ; aquifers ; Clay County ; Florida ; geology
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    How you can help! [saving water] [poster] (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/646 | 3 | 2011-09-29 21:44:45 | 646 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: Karst Educational Posters
    Keywords: Conservation ; Limnology ; Florida ; water conservation ; charts
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    Ground-water records of Flagler, Putnam, and St. Johns Counties, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/644 | 3 | 2020-08-24 02:25:47 | 644 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: An investigation of the geology] and ground-water resources ofFlagler, Putnam, and St. Johns counties, Florida, was made during theperiod November 1955 through 1958 by the U. S. Geological Survey incooperation with the Florida Geological Survey. The results of thisinvestigation have been published by the Florida Geological Survey inthe following reports: Information Circular 13 entitled, "Interim Reporton the Ground-Water Resources of Flagler County, Florida," by Boris J.Bermes; Information Circular 14 entitled, "Interim Report on the Ground-Water Resources of St. Johns County, Florida," by George R. Tarver;Information Circular 15 entitled, "Interim Report on the Ground-WaterResources of Putnam County, Florida," by Gilbert W. Leve; and Reportof Investigations 32 entitled, "Geology and Ground-Water Resources ofFlagler, Putnam, and St. Johns counties, Florida," by B. J. Bermes,G. W. Leve, and George R. Tarver.Report of Investigations 32 includes most of the information containedin the interim reports and in addition includes the results of thefull period of investigation covering the entire area. The tabular materialpresented herewith contains all of the records that were not includedin Report of Investigations 32. (Document contains 97 pages.)
    Keywords: Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; geology ; groundwater ; Flagler County ; Putnam County ; St. Johns County ; Florida
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    Nutrient Loading as an Indicator of Nonpoint Source Pollution in the Watershed of the Lower St. Marks and Wakulla Rivers (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/734 | 3 | 2020-08-24 02:28:13 | 734 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: 26 slides in Powerpoint presentation.
    Description: Special Publication (Florida Geological Survey); no. 56
    Keywords: Pollution ; Limnology ; nonpoint source pollution ; St. Marks River ; Wakulla River ; Florida ; nitrates
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Ground water in the Hallandale area, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1208 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:58:42 | 1208 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-06
    Description: The water problems confronting Hallandale are similar to those of othercoastal cities of southeastern Florida which are undergoing rapid growthwith tremendous increase in water demand. The highly permeable Biscayneaquifer underlying the Hallandale area is an excellent source ofwater; however, the permeable nature of the Biscayne aquifer would permitthe intrusion of sea water, if fresh water levels were lowered excessively,as well as the infiltration of urban or industrial contaminants, fromland surfaces and surface water bodies.This study is to provide the hydrologic data necessary for proper waterresource development and planning in the Hallandale area.(40 page document)
    Keywords: Limnology ; Planning ; ground water ; Hallandale Beach ; water supply ; Florida
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    Water levels in artesian and nonartesian aquifers of Florida, 1971-72 (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1213 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:58:55 | 1213 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-06
    Description: The Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Geology, is publishing as itsInformation Circular No. 85 the report entitled, "Water Levels in Artesian andNon-Artesian Aquifers of Florida, 1971-72," by Henry G. Healy, of the U. S.Geological Survey.In order to prevent future shortages developing from increasing demands, thepresent supplies of ground water must be properly appraised before they can beeffectively utilized. Records of trends and fluctuations of ground water havelong formed a basis for such an appraisal. (105 page document)
    Keywords: Limnology ; Planning ; ground water ; Florida ; water demand
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    Pensacola area's water (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1216 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:59:21 | 1216 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-06
    Description: (11 page pamphlet)
    Keywords: Limnology ; Planning ; Florida ; water demand ; Pensacola
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    Flow and chemical characteristics of the St. Johns River at Jacksonville, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1212 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:58:52 | 1212 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-06
    Description: This report will be of substantial value to water managers in developing theSt. Johns River as a multiple resource. Evaluation of the capacity of the river toaccept pollutants without adversely affecting other uses requires detailed data offlow and chemical characteristics and an understanding of how they interact. (66 page document)
    Keywords: Limnology ; Chemistry ; Planning ; pollutants ; St. Johns River ; Florida ; water quality
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    Records of hydrologic data, Walton County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1209 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:58:46 | 1209 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-06
    Description: This report presents discharge, chemical analyses, temperatures, and specificconductance records collected at 25 surface-water sites and chemical analyses ofground water, well descriptions and records of ground-water levels collected at164 ground-water sites. It also contains 35 logs of the sedimentary rockspenetrated in the drilling of wells and test borings ranging in depth from 147 to625 feet. These hydrologic data were collected as part of an investigation of thewater resources of the county. The interpretative results of the investigation arein the report entitled, "Water resources of Walton County," by C. A. Pascale (inpreparation, 1971).(108 page document)
    Keywords: Limnology ; Planning ; surface water ; Walton County ; Florida
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    Your water resources (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1214 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:58:57 | 1214 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-06
    Description: (26 page document)
    Keywords: Limnology ; Planning ; Florida ; water demand
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    Interim report on the ground-water resources of Seminole County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1527 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:24:51 | 1527 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Salt-water encroachment is undoubtedly the problem of most concern tousers of ground water in Florida. This is a problem in many coastal areaswhere water levels are lowered excessively by heavy pumping. It is aproblem also in some inland areas where the water-bearing formations containsalty water at relatively shallow depths. Among the coastal areas where wellshave become contaminated with salt water are Pinellas County and the Miamiarea of Dade County. Inland areas where wells are likely to become contaminatedwith salt water include Seminole County and the southwestern partof Volusia County.The purpose of the investigation is to make a detailed study of thegeology and ground-water resources of the county with special emphasis onthe problems associated with declining water levels and salt-watercontamination. This report reviews briefly the progress of the investigationthrough February 1954. (PDF contains 43 pages.)
    Description: Prepared by the GEOLOGICAL SURVEY UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR in cooperation with the FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY the BOARD CF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF SEMINOLE COUNTY and the CITY OF SANFORD
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Seminole County ; Florida ; Saline intrusion ; Wells
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    Interim report on salt-water encroachment in Dade County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1530 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:25:03 | 1530 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Recently there has been much activity in reclaiming thelow-lying coastal areas of Dade County for residential use,by the addition of fill. The fill is obtained by digging canalsboth normal to and parallel to Biscayne Bay. The canalsserve the additional purpose of providing an access to theBay for boats. A problem needing to be considered is theeffect that these canals will have on the ground-water resources.It is expected that the canals will have little effecton ground water in parts of the county distant from the coast,but their effect in coastal areas is a matter of concern. Inorder to predict what, may happen in the vicinity of thesenew canals if they are not equipped with adequate controlstructures, it is instructive to review what has happened inthe vicinity of similar canals in the past.The U. S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with DadeCounty, the cities of Miami and Miami Beach, the Centraland Southern Florida Flood Control District, and the FloridaGeological Survey has collected water-level and salinitydata on wells and canals in Dade County since 1939. Someof the agencies named, and others, collected similar databefore 1939. Analysis of all the data shows that sea waterin the Atlantic Ocean and Biscayne Bayis the sole source ofsalt-water contamination in the Biscayne aquifer of the DadeCounty area. (PDF has 19 pages.)
    Description: PREPARED BY U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN COOPERATION WITH DADE COUNTY, THE CITIES OF MIAMI AND MIAMI BEACH, THE CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN FLORIDA FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT, AND THE FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Dade County ; Florida ; Saline intrusion
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    Interim report on geology and ground-water resources of Indian River County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1535 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:20:15 | 1535 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: In the area of this investigation a partial inventory wasmade of the estimated 2,000 existing wells to obtain informationon location, depth, and yield of representative wells.Also, data were obtained on the quality of water from thevarious aquifers, and on the fluctuation of water levels incertain wells in the Floridan aquifer. The hydraulic characteristicsof the Floridan aquifer at several sites weredetermined by means of pumping tests. (PDF has 80 pages.)
    Keywords: Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Indian River County ; Florida ; Ground water ; Quality ; Wells
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    Evaluation of the quantity and quality of the water resources of Volusia County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1851 | 3 | 2011-09-29 19:59:15 | 1851 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: This report amplifies and refines some of the data alreadyissued covering the water resources of Volusia County, which were published asReport of Investigations No. 21. The work in the report was accomplished as acooperative program between the Department of Natural Resources, the U. S.Geological Survey and the Board of County Commissioners of Volusia County.Volusia County is almost totally dependent upon the water which falls upon thecounty and has a recharge area contained along the western portion and thecentral portions of the county. Excellent water is produced in the areal rechargeand it is anticipated that this data will expand the existing knowledge of thewater resources to permit the development of a great capacity for existingutilities and to offset and solve some of the problems now in the area. (PDF has 71 pages.)
    Keywords: Management ; Limnology ; Volusia County ; Florida ; water quality
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    Reconnaissance of the geology and ground-water resources of Columbia County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1859 | 3 | 2011-09-29 19:57:47 | 1859 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: The Floridan aquifer was found to be principal source of groundwater in the area, containing artesian water in the northern part ofColumbia County, and being recharged in the southern part of thecounty. A few wells in the northern part of the county tap waterpresent in sediments that lie above the Floridan aquifer. Theseshallow waters are generally high in iron and tannic acid. Thedetails on the geology and hydrology necessary to conserve andutilize the water available to the residents of Columbia County arepresented in this study.(PDF contains 86 pages)
    Keywords: Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Columbia County ; ground water ; water quality Florida
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    Ground-water resources of Collier County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1863 | 3 | 2011-09-29 19:57:20 | 1863 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: The Biscayne Aquifer is the principal source of water for the heavilypopulated area in the vicinity of West Palm Beach and Miami. Thepublication of this data is timely and will assist in the intelligent developmentof the water resources of the area.The report recognizes two major aquifers as the source of groundwater in Collier County. The lower aquifer is highly mineralized, butcontains usable water, and the more shallow aquifer is the source oflarge supplies, which are utilized by municipalities and domestic users.Adequate supplies of fresh water are present in the Naples area and byproper planning, these can be developed in an orderly manner and saltwater encroachment can be prevented.(PDF has 99 pages)
    Keywords: Management ; Limnology ; Collier county ; aquifers ; salt water intrusion ; Florida ; water use ; water supply
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    Appraisal of water resources in the east central Florida region (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1865 | 3 | 2011-09-29 19:57:25 | 1865 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-10
    Description: The rapidly expanding population and economic growth in the sevencounties of the East Central Florida Regional Planning Council as shown inFigure 1, herein called the East Central Florida Region or the Region, hasresulted in increasing demands on its water resources. Although there isabundant water in the Region as a whole, the water in some areas of the Regionis of unacceptable quality for most uses. As the population increases the demandfor water will become much greater and the available supply may be reduced bypollution and increased drainage necessitated by urbanization and other landdevelopment- Ground-water supplies can be increased by capturing and storingwater underground that now drains to the sea or evaporates from swamp areas.Research is needed, however, to develop artificial-recharge methods that arefeasible and which will preserve or improve the quality of water in the aquifer.(PDF contains 57 pages)
    Keywords: Management ; Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; water resources ; ground water ; water supply ; Florida ; East Central Florida Region
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    Public water supplies of selected municipalities in Florida, 1970 (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1211 | 3 | 2010-12-09 09:43:17 | 1211 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-24
    Description: This report summarizes municipal use of water in 138 selected municipalitiesin Florida as of December 1970 and includes the following: 1) Tabulation ofdata on water-use for each listed municipality; 2) tabulation of chemical analysesof water for each listed municipality; and 3) graphs of pumpage, included whenavailable. Also included are selected recent references relating to geology,hydrology, and water resources of those areas in which the municipalities arelocated. (218 page document)
    Keywords: Limnology ; Planning ; Water use ; Florida ; municipalities
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    Reconnaissance of the ground-water resources of Baker County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1243 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:55:09 | 1243 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-06
    Description: Ground-water is not widely used in Baker County, but the presenceof a high equipotential area in the artesian system beneath the Countymade it necessary that the resource be understood insofar as this highaffected the ground-water resources of Nassau and Duval counties whichwere being intensively studied and mapped.The method and rates of movement of ground-water from one pointto another in the artesian aquifer are understood more fully by use ofthe data in this report. (PDF contains 30 pages)
    Keywords: Management ; Limnology ; Ground water ; Baker County ; Florida
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    Ground water in the Immokalee area, Collier County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1334 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:47:11 | 1334 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: The scope of the investigation involved the drilling of testholes and the detailed inventorying of existing wells in order todefine the location, depth, potential yield, and chemical qualityof the water contained in the shallow aquifer that might be usedfor the development of a central water-supply system.The field work and collection of data for the investigationcovered the period 1961 through 1963. Much of the data collectedfor the report on the ground-water resources of Collier County(McCoy, 1962) is incorporated into this report. (Document has 36 pages.)
    Keywords: Management ; Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; water supply ; ground water ; Immokalee ; Florida
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    Test well exploration in the Myakka River Basin area, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1335 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:44:07 | 1335 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: In recent years, difficulties encountered in obtaining ground-water supplieswith acceptable chemical characteristics in the Myakka River basin area led tothe implementation of a test drilling program. Under this program, well drillingand data collection were executed in such a manner that all water-producingzones of the local aquifers, together with the quality and quantity of the wateravailable, were effectively identified.A step-drilling method was utilized which allowed the collection offormation cuttings, water samples, and water-level data, from isolated zones inthe well as drilling proceeded. The step drilling procedure is described. Thedriller's logs, geophysical logs, and chemical quality of water tables arepresented.(Document has 66 pages.)
    Keywords: Engineering ; Limnology ; Chemistry ; water supply ; groundwater ; Myakka River Basin area ; Florida
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    Ground-water resources data of Charlotte, DeSoto, and Hardee Counties, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1336 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:44:11 | 1336 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: Charlotte, De Soto, and Hardee counties are east-southeast ofTampa in west-central peninsular Florida, figure 1. In order toplan the future water-resource development of the area, informationabout the water resources is needed. To meet this need, the WaterResources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperationwith the Peace River Basin Board of the Southwest Florida WaterManagement District as part of the statewide cooperative programwith the Division of Geology, Florida Board of Conservation, begana continuing hydrologic data collection program in July, 1963, asan initial step in the investigation and evaluation of the groundwaterresources of Hardee and De Soto counties. A similar hydrologicdata program commenced in Charlotte County in July, 1964.Previous work in Hardee and De Soto counties included aone year reconnaissance by the Division of Water Resources andConservation, Florida Board of Conservation, which concluded inJune, 1963, and resulted in a hydrologic report (Woodard, 1964).As an outgrowth of the hydrologic data program, a Map Seriesreport portraying the chemical character of water in the Floridanaquifer in the southern Peace River basin was prepared in 1967(Kaufman and Dion).The data contained herein constitute the basis for the MapSeries report. Additional selected data, including records of wellsand chemical analyses,, on the ground-water resources of the threecounty area are also included and are published to make the dataavailable.(Document has 28 pages.)
    Description: Prepared by the UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY in cooperation with the DIVISION OF GEOLOGY FLORIDA BOARD OF CONSERVATION and the SOUTHWEST FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT
    Keywords: Engineering ; Limnology ; Chemistry ; groundwater ; Charlotte County ; DeSoto County ; Hardee County ; Florida
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    Water resource records of the Econfina Creek Basin area, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1337 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:44:17 | 1337 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: The Econfina Creek basin area in northwestern Florida, which includes BayCounty, southeastern Washiigton County, and parts of Calhoun, Gulf, andJackson counties is shown in figure 1. The basin has an abundant supply ofground water and surface water of good quality. This determination is based ona three-year investigation of the water resources of the basin by the U. S.Geological Survey in cooperation with the Division of Geology, Florida Board ofConservation, during the period from October 1961 through June 1964. Thepurpose of this report is to assemble the basic data collected during thisinvestigation for those persons interested in water development or managementin this basin.(Document has 131 pages.)
    Description: Prepared by the United States Geological Suvey in cooperation with the Division of Geology, Florida Board of Conservation
    Keywords: Engineering ; Limnology ; Chemistry ; Water quality ; Econfina Creek ; Florida
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    Geology and geomorphology of Florida's coastal marshes (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1481 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:30:18 | 1481 | Florida Geological Survey
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: (PDF contains 16 pages.)
    Keywords: Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Wetlands ; Coastal marshes ; Florida
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    Characterization of the sediments overlying the Floridan aquifer system in Alachua County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1480 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:30:59 | 1480 | Florida Geological Survey
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: The primary purpose of this project is to attempt toimprove the existing hydrogeologic information through lithologicand hydrogeologic characterizations of the sediments overlying theFloridan aquifer system in Alachua County. These sediments locallycomprise both the intermediate aquifer system and associatedconfining beds and the surficial aquifer system. (PDF has 119 pages.)
    Keywords: Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Floridan aquifer ; Florida ; Alachua County ; sediments
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    Interim report on the ground-water resources of Manatee County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1528 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:24:53 | 1528 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: A large part of western Manatee County is devoted to the growing ofwinter vegetables and citrus fruits. As in most of peninsular Florida,rainfall in the county during the growing season is not sufficient for cropproduction and large quantites of artesian water are used for irrigation.The large withdrawals of artesian water for irrigation result in a considerabledecline of the artesian head in the western part of the county. This seasonaldecline of the artesian head has become larger as the withdrawal of artesianwater has increased. The lowering of the fresh-water head in some coastal areas in the Statehas resulted in an infiltration of sea water into the water-bearing formations.The presence of salty water in the artesian aquifer in parts of the coastal areaof Manatee County indicates that sea water may also have entered the waterbearingformations in this area as a result of the decline of artesian pressureduring the growing season. The purpose of the investigation is to make a detailed study of the geologyand ground-water resources of the county, primarily to determine whethersalt-water encroachment has occurred or is likely to occur in the coastal area. (PDF contains 38 pages.)
    Description: Prepared by the GEOLOGICAL SURVEY UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Sin cooperation with the FLORIDA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY the BOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF MANATEE COUNTY and the MANATEE RIVER SOIL CONSERVATION DISTRICT
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Ground water ; Manatee County ; Florida ; Saline intrusion
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    Lithology and palynology of cave floor sediment cores from Wakulla Spring, Wakulla County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1508 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:27:09 | 1508 | Florida Geological Survey
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Five short bottom sediment cores taken in Wakulla Spring Wakulla County, Florida, were described lithologicallyand sampled for palynological study. Four of the cores were recoveredfrom sediments at the spring cave entrance(130 feet water depth). One core was taken in a fossil vertebrate bone bed, 280 feet distance into the main springcave at a water depth of 240 feet. Sediments in the cores are composed of alternating intervals of quartz sand andcalcilitite, containing freshwater diatoms, freshwater mollusk shells and plant remains. The predominant pollenpresent in all cores consists of a periporate variety typical of the herb families Chenopodiaceae and Amaranthaceae.Arboreal flora, typical of the area surrounding the spring today, represent a very low percentage of thle pollenassemblage in the cores. Clustered Chenopod-Amaranth type pollen observed in one core suggest minimal transportprior to deposition, and indicate that the bottom sediments in the cave may be essentially In situ. An absence ofexotic flora suggests a Quaternary age for the sediments. (PDF contains 11 pages.)
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Springs ; Florida ; Wakulla Spring ; Wakulla County ; sediments ; pollen
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    The artesian water of the Ruskin area of Hillsborough County, Florida: interim report (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1526 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:25:22 | 1526 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: The purpose of the investigation is to make a detailed study of thegeology and ground water in the Ruskin area, especially as related to theproblem of salt-water encroachment. The major objectives of the programincludes:(1) An inventory of wells to determine their number and distribution,their depths and diameters, and other pertinent information.(2) A study of artesian pressures.(3) Analyses of water from selected wells to determine the locationand extent of any areas in which the artesian water is salty.(4) A study of the surface and subsurface geology as related to theoccurrence and movement of ground water.(5) An estimate of the quantity of ground water withdrawn.(PDF contains 24 pages.)
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Ruskin ; Florida ; Saline intrusion ; Wells
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    Ground-water resources of the Stuart area, Martin County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1532 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:25:18 | 1532 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: Because the Stuart area is, at times, surrounded on threesides by saline water, the underlying fresh-water aquifer isvulnerable to salt-water encroachment. With progressivelylarger withdrawals of ground water for public and privatesupplies, the possibility of salt-water contamination of freshwatersupplies is increased. (PDF contains 51 pages.)
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Stuart ; Martin county ; Florida ; Ground water ; Salt-water intrusion ; Saline water
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    Changes in the chloride content of ground water in Pinellas County, Florida between 1947 and 1956 (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1533 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:25:20 | 1533 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: In December 1956 the U. S. Geological Survey, in cooperationwith the Florida Geological Survey and the Board ofCounty Commissioners of Pinellas County, collected waterleveland chloride content of water in 94 wells in PinellasCounty. First sampled in 1947, resampling and reanalyzing the waterfrom these wells was used to determine the change in the chloridecontent of the ground water from 1947 to 1956. The chloridecontent of ground water is generally a reliable indication ofthe contamination of ground water by sea water, as 90 percent of the dissolved solids of sea water are chloride salts. (PDF contains 15 pages.)
    Description: Prepared by U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Florida Geological Survey and Pinellas County
    Keywords: Oceanography ; Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Chloride ; Water quality ; Ground water ; Pinellas County ; Florida
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    Interim report on surface water resources of Baker County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1537 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:20:26 | 1537 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: The principal sources of surface-water supplies inBakerCounty are the St. Marys River and its tributaries. However,the flow of many of the small tributaries is intermittent, andwithout storage they are not dependable sources of supplyduring sustained periods of deficient rainfall.Of the six stream-gaging stations in Baker County forwhich complete records are available, one has been in operationfor 31 years and provides a long-term record upon whichto base correlative estimates for extending the short-term records at the other stations. All available streamflow datato 1957 have been summarized in graphic or tabular form.The hydrologic balance between minimum streamflowsand increased evaporation losses afforded by potential shallowreservoirs provides design criteria for determining the maximumsurface area of effective reservoir that can be createdat a selected site within Baker County. This information hasbeen presented in graphic and tabular form in the report.(PDF has 37 pages.)
    Keywords: Limnology ; streamflow ; Baker County ; Florida
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    Record of wells in Volusia County, Florida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1542 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:21:20 | 1542 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: A detailed study of the geology and ground-waterresources of Volusia County, on the eastern coast of Florida(fig. 1), was made during the period 1953-57 by the U. S.Geological Survey in cooperation with the Florida GeologicalSurvey and the cities of Daytona Beach, New Smyrna Beach,and Port Orange. The results of this study have been publishedby the Florida Geological Survey in the followingreports: Information Circular No. 8, entitled "InterimReport on Ground-Water Resources of Northeastern Part ofVolusia County, Florida, " by Granville G. Wyrickand WillardP. Leutze;, and Report of Investigations No. 22, entitled"Ground-Water Resources of Volusia County, Florida, " byGranville G. Wyrick.This report contains a table of well records that wascompiled from data collected during that investigation. longitude. (PDF contains 100 pages.)
    Description: Prepared by U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Florida Geological Survey and the cities of Daytona Beach, New Smyrna, and Port Orange.
    Keywords: Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Volusia County ; Florida ; wells
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    Record of wells in the Ruskin area of Hillsborough County, FLorida (2021)
    Florida Geological Survey | Tallahassee, FL
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/1540 | 3 | 2011-09-29 20:21:03 | 1540 | Florida Geological Survey
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-08
    Description: A detailed study of the geology and ground-waterresources of the Ruskin area (fig. 1) was made during theperiod from 1950 to 1955, by the U. S. Geological Survey incooperation with the Florida Geological Survey and the Boardof County Commissioners of Hillsborough County. Theresults of this study are given in a report by Harry M. Peekentitled "The artesian water of the Ruskin area of HillsboroughCounty, Florida" and published by the Florida GeologicalSurvey as Report of Investigations No. 21.This report contains tables of well records that werecompiled from data collected during that investigation. Thewell-numbering system used in the tables is based on latitudeand longitude. (PDF contains 88 pages.)
    Description: Prepared by the U. S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Florida Geological Survey and the Board of County Commissioners of Hillsborough County
    Keywords: Limnology ; Earth Sciences ; Ruskin ; Hillsborough County ; Florida ; wells
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