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  • Nature Publishing Group  (18,755)
  • 2020-2023  (5)
  • 2020-2022  (4)
  • 1985-1989  (18,746)
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  • 1
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    The impact of faulting complexity and type on earthquake rupture dynamics (2022)
    Nature Publishing Group
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-31
    Description: The statistical properties of seismicity are known to be affected by several factors such as the rheological parameters of rocks. We analysed the earthquake double-couple as a function of the faulting type. Here we show that it impacts the moment tensors of earthquakes: thrust- faulting events are characterized by higher double-couple components with respect to strike- slip- and normal-faulting earthquakes. Our results are coherent with the stress dependence of the scaling exponent of the Gutenberg-Richter law, which is anticorrelated to the double- couple. We suggest that the structural and tectonic control of seismicity may have its origin in the complexity of the seismogenic source marked by the width of the cataclastic damage zone and by the slip of different fault planes during the same seismic event; the sharper and concentrated the slip as along faults, the higher the double-couple. This phenomenon may introduce bias in magnitude estimation, with possible impact on seismic forecasting.
    Description: Published
    Description: 258
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: double couple ; damage zone ; different fault type ; seismicity ; tectonics ; fault type ; seismicity ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Arctic glaciers record wavier circumpolar winds (2022)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Nature Climate Change, Nature Publishing Group, 12(3), pp. 249-255
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-20
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 3
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    Non-syntrophic methanogenic hydrocarbon degradation by an archaeal species (2022)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Nature, Nature Publishing Group, 601(7892), pp. 257-262
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-11
    Description: The methanogenic degradation of oil hydrocarbons can proceed through syntrophic partnerships of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria and methanogenic archaea1,2,3. However, recent culture-independent studies have suggested that the archaeon ‘Candidatus Methanoliparum’ alone can combine the degradation of long-chain alkanes with methanogenesis4,5. Here we cultured Ca. Methanoliparum from a subsurface oil reservoir. Molecular analyses revealed that Ca. Methanoliparum contains and overexpresses genes encoding alkyl-coenzyme M reductases and methyl-coenzyme M reductases, the marker genes for archaeal multicarbon alkane and methane metabolism. Incubation experiments with different substrates and mass spectrometric detection of coenzyme-M-bound intermediates confirm that Ca. Methanoliparum thrives not only on a variety of long-chain alkanes, but also on n-alkylcyclohexanes and n-alkylbenzenes with long n-alkyl (C≥13) moieties. By contrast, short-chain alkanes (such as ethane to octane) or aromatics with short alkyl chains (C≤12) were not consumed. The wide distribution of Ca. Methanoliparum4,5,6 in oil-rich environments indicates that this alkylotrophic methanogen may have a crucial role in the transformation of hydrocarbons into methane.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 4
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    Antarctic icebergs reorganize ocean circulation during Pleistocene glacials (2021)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Nature, Nature Publishing Group, 589(7841), pp. 236-241, ISSN: 0028-0836
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-03
    Description: The dominant feature of large-scale mass transfer in the modern ocean is the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). The geometry and vigour of this circulation influences global climate on various timescales. Palaeoceanographic evidence suggests that during glacial periods of the past 1.5 million years the AMOC had markedly different features from today; in the Atlantic basin, deep waters of Southern Ocean origin increased in volume while above them the core of the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) shoaled. An absence of evidence on the origin of this phenomenon means that the sequence of events leading to global glacial conditions remains unclear. Here we present multi-proxy evidence showing that northward shifts in Antarctic iceberg melt in the Indian–Atlantic Southern Ocean (0–50°E) systematically preceded deep-water mass reorganizations by one to two thousand years during Pleistocene-era glaciations. With the aid of iceberg-trajectory model experiments, we demonstrate that such a shift in iceberg trajectories during glacial periods can result in a considerable redistribution of freshwater in the Southern Ocean. We suggest that this, in concert with increased sea-ice cover, enabled positive buoyancy anomalies to ‘escape’ into the upper limb of the AMOC, providing a teleconnection between surface Southern Ocean conditions and the formation of NADW. The magnitude and pacing of this mechanism evolved substantially across the mid-Pleistocene transition, and the coeval increase in magnitude of the ‘southern escape’ and deep circulation perturbations implicate this mechanism as a key feedback in the transition to the ‘100-kyr world’, in which glacial–interglacial cycles occur at roughly 100,000-year periods.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 5
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    Bacterial communities in temperate and polar coastal sands are seasonally stable (2021)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3ISME Communications, Nature Publishing Group, 1(1), pp. 1-11
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-20
    Description: Coastal sands are biocatalytic filters for dissolved and particulate organic matter of marine and terrestrial origin, thus, acting as centers of organic matter transformation. At high temporal resolution, we accessed the variability of benthic bacterial communities over two annual cycles at Helgoland (North Sea), and compared it with seasonality of communities in Isfjorden (Svalbard, 78°N) sediments, where primary production does not occur during winter. Benthic community structure remained stable in both, temperate and polar sediments on the level of cell counts and 16S rRNA-based taxonomy. Actinobacteriota of uncultured Actinomarinales and Microtrichales were a major group, with 8 ± 1% of total reads (Helgoland) and 31 ± 6% (Svalbard). Their high activity (frequency of dividing cells 28%) and in situ cell numbers of 〉10% of total microbes in Svalbard sediments, suggest Actinomarinales and Microtrichales as key heterotrophs for carbon mineralization. Even though Helgoland and Svalbard sampling sites showed no phytodetritus-driven changes of the benthic bacterial community structure, they harbored significantly different communities (p 〈 0.0001, r = 0.963). The temporal stability of benthic bacterial communities is in stark contrast to the dynamic succession typical of coastal waters, suggesting that pelagic and benthic bacterial communities respond to phytoplankton productivity very differently.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 6
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    Small sinking particles control anammox rates in the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone (2021)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Nature Communications, Nature Publishing Group, 12(1), pp. 1-12
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-15
    Description: Anaerobic oxidation of ammonium (anammox) in oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) is a major pathway of oceanic nitrogen loss. Ammonium released from sinking particles has been suggested to fuel this process. During cruises to the Peruvian OMZ in April–June 2017 we found that anammox rates are strongly correlated with the volume of small particles (128–512 µm), even though anammox bacteria were not directly associated with particles. This suggests that the relationship between anammox rates and particles is related to the ammonium released from particles by remineralization. To investigate this, ammonium release from particles was modelled and theoretical encounters of free-living anammox bacteria with ammonium in the particle boundary layer were calculated. These results indicated that small sinking particles could be responsible for ~75% of ammonium release in anoxic waters and that free-living anammox bacteria frequently encounter ammonium in the vicinity of smaller particles. This indicates a so far underestimated role of abundant, slow-sinking small particles in controlling oceanic nutrient budgets, and furthermore implies that observations of the volume of small particles could be used to estimate N-loss across large areas.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    Asian dust-storm activity dominated by Chinese dynasty changes since 2000 BP (2020)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Nature Communications, Nature Publishing Group, 11(1), pp. 1-7, ISSN: 2041-1723
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-04-14
    Description: The Asian monsoon (AM) played an important role in the dynastic history of China, yet it remains unknown whether AM-mediated shifts in Chinese societies affect earth surface processes to the point of exceeding natural variability. Here, we present a dust storm intensity record dating back to the first unified dynasty of China (the Qin Dynasty, 221–207 B.C.E.). Marked increases in dust storm activity coincided with unified dynasties with large populations during strong AM periods. By contrast, reduced dust storm activity corresponded to decreased population sizes and periods of civil unrest, which was co-eval with a weakened AM. The strengthened AM may have facilitated the development of Chinese civilizations, destabilizing the topsoil and thereby increasing the dust storm frequency. Beginning at least 2000 years ago, human activities might have started to overtake natural climatic variability as the dominant controls of dust storm activity in eastern China.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 8
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    Successful ecosystem-based management of Antarctic krill should address uncertainties in krill recruitment, behaviour and ecological adaptation (2020)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Communications Earth & Environment, Nature Publishing Group, 1(28), ISSN: 2662-4435
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-11-12
    Description: Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, supports a valuable commercial fishery in the Southwest Atlantic, which holds the highest krill densities and is warming rapidly. The krill catch is increasing, is concentrated in a small area, and has shifted seasonally from summer to autumn/winter. The fishery is managed by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, with the main goal of safeguarding the large populations of krill-dependent predators. Here we show that, because of the restricted distribution of successfully spawning krill and high inter-annual variability in their biomass, the risk of direct fishery impacts on the krill stock itself might be higher than previously thought. We show how management benefits could be achieved by incorporating uncertainty surrounding key aspects of krill ecology into management decisions, and how knowledge can be improved in these key areas. This improved information may be supplied, in part, by the fishery itself.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 9
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    Return to rapid ice loss in Greenland and record loss in 2019 detected by the GRACE-FO satellites (2020)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  EPIC3Communications Earth & Environment, Nature Publishing Group, 1(1), pp. 1-8
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-20
    Description: Between 2003-2016, the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) was one of the largest contributors to sea level rise, as it lost about 255 Gt of ice per year. This mass loss slowed in 2017 and 2018 to about 100 Gt yr−1. Here we examine further changes in rate of GrIS mass loss, by analyzing data from the GRACE-FO (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment – Follow On) satellite mission, launched in May 2018. Using simulations with regional climate models we show that the mass losses observed in 2017 and 2018 by the GRACE and GRACE-FO missions are lower than in any other two year period between 2003 and 2019, the combined period of the two missions. We find that this reduced ice loss results from two anomalous cold summers in western Greenland, compounded by snow-rich autumn and winter conditions in the east. For 2019, GRACE-FO reveals a return to high melt rates leading to a mass loss of 223 ± 12 Gt month−1 during the month of July alone, and a record annual mass loss of 532 ± 58 Gt yr−1.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RNA helicase activity associated with the human p68 protein (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 562-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Cell fractionation analysis has revealed a close association of the p68 protein with the nuclear matrix (unpublished data). Therefore, conditions were developed to quantitatively extract native p68 from cell nuclei, followed by a conventional chromatographic purification program (see Fig. la legend ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339562a0
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unstable money (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 406-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE continuing instability of the international currency markets seems to have taken even the world's financial institutions by surprise. Over the past three years, there have been regular meetings of the chief central banks at which the participants have smugly reaffirmed their determination to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339406a0
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic tests made official by UK courts (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 408-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] London DNA PROFILING was added last week to the range of techniques available for use at the request of the British civil courts in cases of disputed paternity, and this week the Home Office may announce plans for a centrally run scheme for DNA testing in immigration cases. The technique ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339408b0
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Space plane spawns hypersonic plans (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 409-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Bonn A GRANTING committee of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) is expected to overcome its initial misgivings and approve today two "special collaborative programmes" for research into hypersonic technologies. The DFG will invest about DM8.2 million in the three years beginning in July ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339409c0
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    End to exam boycott (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 410-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] London BRITISH university lecturers have narrowly voted to accept the pay settlement agreed last month between the university management and the lecturers' union, bringing to an end the five-month boycott of examinations which had threatened to delay the awarding of degrees to final-year ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339410c0
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agency starts work (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 411-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Paris THE French national agency for research on AIDS (ANRS), set up last November under the joint direction of the ministries for Health and for Research, has announced the major themes it has decided to develop. It will give grants to 202 of more than 470 research proposals received. Most ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339411c0
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wackersdorf finally dies (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 413-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Munich CONSTRUCTION was halted at 5 p.m. on 31 May at the controversial nuclear fuel reprocessing facility at Wackersdorf at the urging of the West German government. It now seems that the plant, in which DM 2,600 million had already been invested, will never be completed. A minimum of DM ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339413b0
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Massachusetts set to crush polluters (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 413-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Boston A NEW 34-member environmental 'strike force' of scientists, lawyers and undercover police officers, equipped with aerial surveillance capabilities, is the Massachusetts answer to increasing industrial pollution. Declaring that polluters have fouled water supplies in more than 100 state ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339413c0
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New light on the Lysenko era (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 415-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] TROFIM Denisovich Lysenko's life and work have been much analysed and discussed in the world's literature. It is well-known that his activities were among the factors leading to the breakdown of biological, agricultural and, to some extent, medical science in the Soviet Union. They contributed to ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339415a0
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peer review (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 414-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-Your leader on peer review (Nature 339,11; 1989) interests me greatly, because I do not know just how peers are chosen these days. In particular, although those who are concerned with fields contiguous to the work described may be able to read papers referred to them without difficulty, their ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339414c0
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leukaemia virus receptor (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 425-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] FOR 25 years, researchers have tried without much success to identify the cell surface receptors that determine the binding and entry into cells of C-type leukaemia and sarcoma viruses. In the 19 May issue of Cell1, Lorraine Albritton and colleagues in Jim Cunningham's laboratory at Harvard Medical ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339425a0
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Getting into the groove (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 429-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A DEBATE between two researchers1"3 should lead to a clearer picture of whether and how we can recognize engraved notations or calendars on prehistoric artefacts, by establishing the evidence that reveals if series of marks were accumulated slowly or made rapidly in one session. The latest research ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339429a0
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acid rain and eggshells (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 431-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-The Netherlands has the highest forest decline due to acid precipitation in Europe1. Studies on the effects of acid rain have concentrated on soil acidification in relation to changes in soil nutrient status, tree growth, disappearance of ectomy-corrhizal fungi and leaching of nitrate. Little ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339431a0
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three's company for stereo viewing (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 433-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-Vance Tucker1 clearly describes an under-appreciated ambiguity associated with stereo diagrams: a stereo-pair can give the proper three-dimensional image or a 'backwards' one depending on whether it is viewed with crossed or uncrossed visual axes. The standard arrangement for publication ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339433a0
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  • 24
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    Electronic Resource
    Mistaking a claim (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 435-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] "THE Pole at last!" Peary proclaimed standing at least 90 miles from that point. The Big Nail', as the Eskimos called the Pole, was the goal for which he had unsucá-cessfully striven for over 20 years and it had eluded him again on his last attempt. Pierre Berton's entertaining and at ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339435a0
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  • 25
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    Special effects (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 437-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ECOTOXICOLOGISTS attempt to study the effects of chemicals on ecosystems. In the early days, about 25 years ago, we strugá-gled to reject the use of LD50 tests and related measures, and to find more releá-vant ways of assessment. There was an important dichotomy of views in the ...
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  • 26
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    Electronic Resource
    Multiscale periodic structure in the lo wake (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 452-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In 1964 Bigg1 discovered that the Galilean satellite lo extended an unusual control over decametric radio emissions from Jupiter. It has since become clear that lo is a unique object in the Solar System. It has been suggested that lo has a good electrical conductivity5, thus disturbing the ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339452a0
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  • 27
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    Electronic Resource
    Isotopic tracers of lead contamination in the Great Lakes (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 455-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Lead concentrations and isotopic compositions in the Great Lakes were measured with ultra-clean techniques developed for seawater analyses3. Samples (21) of epilimnionic (1m depth) waters in Lake Ontario and Lake Erie were collected from a raft in August 1987, at Environment Canada monitoring ...
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339455a0
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  • 28
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    Electronic Resource
    High gradients of lead isotopic composition in north-east Pacific upwelling filaments (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 458-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Two-litre samples of surface water were collected from a ship-launched raft, using established procedures3, along transects across an upwelling filament (Fl) with a jet-like offshore flow of 0.5 m s"1 during the OPTOMA-21 cruise off central California, 7-20 July 1986 (Table la). Sub-surface samples ...
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  • 29
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    Scientific misconduct still an unknown (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 3-3 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
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    Notes: [Auszug] Audit urged at congressional hearing Legal position of journals questioned ...
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    New'integrity' offices appear in Washington (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 3-3 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Washington The new office set up within the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to deal with scientific misconduct already has 77 cases on its books. But representatives of the Office of Scientific Integrity (OSI) are anxious to stress that they do not have an avalanche of fraud on their hands; the ...
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    Memories provoke new plans (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 5-5 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] San Francisco AMBITIOUS plans to create a unique semi-conductor company called US Memories Inc. from a consortium of US computer and chip makers are stirring a debate over efforts to counter Japanese inroads into high technology that could dictate the direction of future antitrust laws. ...
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    Tissue culture trends (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 488-490 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] TAKING samples from very small amounts of liquid is now possible with C.P. Instrument's Micro pH Electrode (Reader Service No. 101). The microelectrode is small enough to measure pH in microwell plates, serum cups and capillary tubes. The instrument is a combination micro-probe/electrode with a tip ...
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    NIH guidance is rejected (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 7-7 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Washington THE US National Institutes of Health (NIH) may already be regretting that they last week hosted a two-day meeting on conflict of interest in biomedical research backed with a promise that they would deliver a new set of guidelines within months. Far from welcoming NIH help, the ...
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    Working around the big academy in the Soviet Union (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 9-9 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] London SEVERAL new scientific organizations have emerged in the Soviet Union in the past few weeks, at least some of them from discon-tent with the Academy of Sciences. In May, for example, a group of physicists estab-lished the Moscow Physical Society, which they consider to be the spiritual heir ...
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    Use of animals in research (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 10-10 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-Professor Blakemore's recent de-fence of Nature's publication of work involving two fetal macaque monkeys and their mothers (Nature 337,265-267; 1989) offers little help in thinking about two serious ethical questions raised by Mr Hollands' criticisms. ...
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    Germany edges towards law (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 327-327 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Bonn REPRESENTATIVES of some 25 interest groups delivered their responses to a draft 'basic law' to regulate genetic engineering at a closed hearing in the West German Health Ministry last week. The government has made the ambitious promise that it will pass the completed law by the end of 1990, ...
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    US explores tritium options (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 328-328 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Washington THE unintentional moratorium on tritium production in the United States is now expected to last until at least next year, when Department of Energy (DoE) officials hope one of the reactors at the Savannah River Plant in South Carolina can be restarted. The hiatus has bolstered arguments ...
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    A combination of a particular HLA-DPβ allele and an HLA-DQ heterodimer confers susceptibility to coeliac disease (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 470-473 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Molecular analysis has revealed the heterogeneity of the DR and DQ serotypes17'18 and, recently, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers associated with coeliac disease have been observed using DP/319, DPa19'20 and DQa21 complementary DNA probes. Recently, we have developed a simple ...
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    Location of high affinity Ca 2 + -binding sites within the predicted transmembrahe domain of the sarco-plasmic reticulum Ca 2+ -ATPase (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 476-478 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The binding of two Ca2+ ions to high affinity sites within the Ca2+ - ATPase molecule is an essential first step in Ca2+ translo-cation4. When these sites are occupied, ATP hydrolysis is triggered, the enzyme is phosphorylated, and a series of conforma-tional changes in the enzyme results in the ...
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    Designs for living (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 28-28 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] QUESTIONS about the nature and function of art have traditionally been regarded as the special province of the aesthetician and art historian. Aestheticians, for example, have frequently sought to define art on the basis of phenomenal properties held in common by all artworks. But although they ...
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    Can solid-state effects enhance the cold-fusion rate? (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 45-46 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The theoretical rate, F, of neutron production by fusion per second per deuteron pair is of the form F = Aa~3 e~B, where A is the rate of the fusion reaction, d + d -〉 3He + n, per unit proba-bility density at r = 0, r is the relative separation of the two deuterons, a3 is approximately the volume ...
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    Land-sea correlations in the Pleistocene based on isoleucine epimerization in non-marine molluscs (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 49-51 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The standard classification of the British Pleistocene has mainly evolved since 1950 and was formally adopted in 1973 (ref. 2). Its basis was the identification of fixed-points in time, each of which had a characteristic vegetational history. The 'glacial' Pleistocene of lowland England is ...
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    Climate and signature years in west European oaks (1989)
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    Nature 340 (1989), S. 57-60 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In cross-dating oaks, growth patterns for timbers or trees from one source area are compared and consolidated into an undated site chronology. They are then fixed in time by reference to living trees or to chronologies from other sites. The simplest comparison that may be carried out between these ...
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    Very high frequency of lymphoma induction by a chemical carcinogen in pim -1 transgenic mice (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 61-63 
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    Notes: [Auszug] We used two different pirn-1 transgenic mouse lines: E^-pim-1 and H2K-p/m-l mice; the constructs generating these mice are shown in Fig. 1. Both the E^-pim-1 and the H2K-pim-1 transgene are expressed predominantly in lymphoid cells2 (J. Domen, personal communication). Within 240 days, 10% of the ...
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    Decreased expression of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter in diabetes and fasting (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 70-72 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Previous measurements of total glucose transporters in adipocytes from streptozotocin-induced diabetic and fasted rats have shown that the microsomal pool of intracellular glucose transporters is reduced concomitantly with the development of insulin resistance1"3. Insulin-dependent movement of the ...
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    More change for British research (1989)
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    Nature 339 (1989), S. 645-645 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] WHAT will happen next to the British research enterprise? That must have been the question on the minds of members of the Academia Europaea at their second meeting in London this week (see page 651). Mr Kenneth Baker, Secretary of State for Education and Science, is the nearest thing to a minister ...
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    The flatworm's turn (1989)
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    Nature 339 (1989), S. 648-648 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Washington THF question of which person's genes will be mapped and sequenced by the US human genome initiative is still open, but under the genome programme of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), the humble nematode may be the first higher organism to have its genes ordered into a physical ...
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    Colloids stick to fractal rules (1989)
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    Nature 339 (1989), S. 340-341 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A TWO-DIMENSIONAL projection of a tree's root system looks remarkably like an overhead view of a river delta. Both are random fractals and the similarities arise from similar large-scale rules of growth which seem not to be influenced by their detailed constituents. The attraction of fractal ...
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    A new form of transmission? (1989)
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    Nature 339 (1989), S. 343-344 
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    Notes: [Auszug] NEURONS signal each other by releasing chemical transmitters, a process thought to be confined to synapses. Two studies reported by Marrero et al. on page 378 and by Usowicz et al. on page 380 of this issue12 provide evidence, albeit indirect, for non-synaptic axonal transmitter release, and ...
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    US forecast too low? (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 651-651 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Washington THE US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) underestimated the number of AIDS cases the United States can expect by the end of 1991 by as much as one-third, according to a report released this week by the US General Accounting Office (GAO). The GAO says the 195,000-320,000 cases projected ...
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    Europeans to design chips for everything? (1989)
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    Nature 339 (1989), S. 652-652 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Vienna EUROPEAN microelectronics collaboration on an unprecedented scale was agreed last week by five nations and the European Community (EC) Commission as well as three electronics companies. The JESSI (Joint European Submicron Silicon) project will invest as much as 3,800 million ECU (some ...
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    A new Framework is established (1989)
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    Nature 339 (1989), S. 653-653 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Paris TEN joint research programmes were approved by European Community research ministers last week at a meeting of the Council of the European Commission in Luxembourg, and three others were passed for a second reading in the European Parliament. Ninety-one per cent (Ecu 482 million, about ...
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    On principles (1989)
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    Nature 339 (1989), S. 654-654 
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    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-John Barrow (Nature 339, 170; 1989) calls into question our report (Nature 337, 411-412; 1989) on the recent conference in Venice on the anthropic principle in cosmology. We find it difficult to see that Barrow's letter accurately conveys the main thrust of his contribution to the conference. ...
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    Valuation of an Amazonian rainforest (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 655-656 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] TROPICAL forest resources have traditionally been divided into two main groups: timber resources, which include sawlogs and pulpwood; and non-wood or 'minor' forest products, which include edible fruits, oils, latex, fibre and medicines. Most financial appraisals of tropical forests have focused ...
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    The search for functions (1989)
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    Nature 339 (1989), S. 661-662 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE concentration of calcium ions in cells fluctuates in a narrow range between resting and damaging levels, suggesting that the proteins which bind calcium are important in many biochemical regulatory processes. Calcium-binding proteins whose roles are known, such as calmodu-lin and troponin C, ...
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    Lost birds of New Caledonia (1989)
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    Nature 339 (1989), S. 666-666 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] EVER since Darwin came away from the Galapagos Islands, island faunas have been seen as simplified microcosms of the complex webs of evolution and speciation evident from larger land masses. But islands are doubly interesting, because they may play host to highly specialized endemic species. There ...
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    Measurement of γrays from cold fusion (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 667-669 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] PETRASSO ET AL. REPLY-Our criticism1 of the published 2.22-MeV neutron-capture-on-hydrogen y-ray line of Fleischmann et al.\ claimed by them as compelling evidence of neutron production in their electrochemical cells (Fig. la of erratum of ref. 2; Fig. 2 of ref. 1; our Fig. 1 here), raised two ...
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    Seal disease predictions (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 670-670 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-It is now generally accepted that the primary agent responsible for the deaths of more than 17,000 common seals (Phoca vitulina) in Europe since April 1988 is a previously undescribed morbillivirus, phocine distemper virus (PDV)1. At least 185 grey seals (Halichoems grypus) have been found dead ...
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    Sunny planet (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 672-673 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] EXTREME examples test and often illuminate broader truths. In planetary science, Mercury, Pluto and Jupiter all represent 'end-member' planets - objects that stretch the limits of our understanding of what constitutes a planet, and hence the conditions and processes that gave rise to the Solar ...
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    Comparison of oceanic and continental sources of non-sea-salt sulphate over the Pacific Ocean (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 685-687 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Recently, Charlson et all hypothesized that oceanic phyto-plankton might control the Earth's albedo and climate via variations in the production of DMS, which is emitted into the atmosphere and subsequently oxidized to SC〉4~. SOl~ readily forms particles that interact strongly with solar and ...
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    Calculated fusion rates in isotopic hydrogen molecules (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 690-691 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Consider a free diatomic molecule composed of two hydrogen nuclei (which might be different isotopes). In the Born-Oppenheimer approximation the fusion rate A is proportional to the probability that the nuclei are very close together: where W is the normalized wavefunction describing their relative ...
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    Patterns in tree species richness as a test of the glacial extinction hypothesis (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 699-701 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Our conclusions are based on an extensive study of climate-richness relationships for the whole of Europe and parts of eastern Asia (Soviet East Asia, Japan and Taiwan). We used natural range maps and local floras2'5'10 to produce totals of numbers of species of trees (defined as any woody species ...
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    NERC plans to double its expenditure (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 241-241 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] London THE UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) plans to double its expenditure on atmospheric sciences in universities next year, giving priority to global atmospheric modelling, tropospheric chemistry and meso-scale meteorology. And to highlight the new emphasis, the council is ...
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    Bandwagon heads east (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 242-242 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Tokyo JAPAN'S Environment Agency, which has recently been talking tough (and getting its way) on everything from the protection of the ozone layer to the preservation of Okinawa's coral reefs, is calling on Japan to play a bigger role in protecting the global environment in two reports released ...
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    Diversity of γδ T-cell receptors on murine intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 712-714 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To synthesize DNA encoding the V-J or V-D-J junctional regions of TCR y- or 5-chains, RNA extracted from IEL was subjected to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)15 (see Table 1 for the synthetic primers used), and subsequently analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis (Fig. 1). Concordant with a ...
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    A transcriptional repressor of c- myc (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 718-721 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The binding sites for myc-PRF and myc-CFl, as identified by orthophenanthroline/copper (OP/Cu) chemical nuclease footprinting2'3 and methylation interference2, are shown in Fig. 1 (also Fig. 3a). To test myc-PRF function, we used oligonucleo-tide-directed mutagenesis to delete 14 base pairs (bp) of ...
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    The highly concentrated liquid-crystalline phase of DNA is columnar hexagonal (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 724-726 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We. Prepared large amounts of 50-nm DNA molecules14 and obtained the liquid crystalline phases using distilled water, 0.1 M NaCl and 0.25 M ammonium acetate as solvents without any visible modification of texture in the optical microscope. The first germs of the 'highly concentrated' phase are ...
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    Double blow for cold nuclear fusion (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 567-567 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ▪ Harwell investigation stopped ▪ Los Alamos collaboration fails Washington Two negative announcements about cold fusion last week may prove particularly troublesome to Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischman, the researchers who set off the controversial debate with their claim on 23 ...
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    Biomedical bugs (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 568-568 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Washington THE bargain sale of US-financed research data to Japan was not the only conflict of interest to exercise the Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations subcommittee hearing last week. Biomedical researchers were seen as particularly likely to suffer conflicting interests, given ...
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    Burning continues, slightly abated (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 569-569 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Sao Paulo THE dry season is beginning in Amazonia and farmers are getting ready for the quei-madas, the burning of the forest and savannah-like cerrado to make the land fit for pasture and planting. In a new report, the Institute for Space Research estimates the extent of last year's burnings at ...
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    Old tasks given a new life (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 571-571 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Paris "IF we work for the poor and the penguins simultaneously, we can hope for a better common present and future", says Professor M. Swaminathan, President of the Indian National Academy of Sciences. His poetic statement gives the gist of a meeting at UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, ...
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    Management issues settled (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 573-573 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Tokyo AN international council of scientists will have the biggest say in selecting the research objectives of Japan's Human Frontier Science Program. That is the most important outcome of discussions of the programme held last week in Tokyo by government representatives of the seven Western ...
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    Japan's blue sky grows even bigger (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 572-572 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Tokyo IMAGING and manipulation of materials at the sub-micrometre to atomic level feature in three new ERATO (Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology) projects just announced by the Research and Development Corporation of Japan. ERATO, which is funded by the Science and Technology Agency, ...
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    Reprint requests (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 574-574 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-I agree with Mathew T. Martin-Iverson (Nature 337, 594; 1989) and Ivor Smith (Nature 336, 708; 1988) that many scientists request reprints on the basis of the title of an article without actually reading the article. The pros and cons of requesting reprints have been discussed by the two ...
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    Japanese universities feel the chill (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 575-576 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] VISITORS from abroad are often surprised by the contrast between the substandard conditions in Japanese university laboratories and the well-equipped laboratories in private industry. Japan is now regarded as rich and successful in producing high-quality commercial products, but university ...
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    Making light of gravity (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 579-580 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE most critical problem in cosmology today is the task of explaining the existence of galaxies and galaxy clusters. This problem is particularly acute because the only real success of modern cosmology is the use of a perfectly homogeneous and isotropic model to explain the primordial abundances ...
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    Fast changes in geomagnetism (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 582-583 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A SEQUENCE of palaeomagnetic directions corresponding to the "astonishingly high rates of change ... of at least 3° and 300 gammas [nanotesla] per day" have been identified from lava flows in Oregon by Robert S. Coe and Michel Prevot (Earth planet. ScL Lett. 92, 292-298; 1989). Typical rates of ...
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    Boring and crazing (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 586-586 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To propagate through a solid, a crack must find from somewhere the energy needed to form its growing surfaces. If its surface-energy were ever zero, a crack could spread and ramify spontaneously. This actually happens when water is forced into a viscous material with which it is thermodynami-cally ...
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    Learning by handshake? (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 588-588 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-We recently reported that long-term potentiation (LTP) in some hippocampal synapses is associated^with a slow increase in the sensitivity of CA1 neurons to analogues of the neurotransmitter L-glutamate1. This result implies that post-synaptic mechanisms can underlie the long-lasting enhancement ...
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    Out of focus (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 590-590 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN 1939 some notable books on photographic history were published, their appearance being primarily due to the centenary of photography's announcement. Fifty years later, as we celebrate the 150th anniversary, another surge of publishing is underway to mark the event. During the intervening years ...
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    Bringing it all together (1989)
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    Nature 339 (1989), S. 591-591 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ROBERT Gennis's Biomembranes is the fourth volume to appear in Springer's Advanced Texts in Chemistry series. The series has an established record of excellence, and this latest addition lives up to expectations. Gennis set out to produce a book that he would like to have had as a student, as well ...
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    Structural parts involved in activation and inactivation of the sodium channel (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 597-603 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Structure–function relationships of the sodium channel expressed inXenopus oocytes have been investigated by the combined use of site–directed mutagenesis and patch-clamp recording. This study provides evidence that the positive charges in segment S4 are involved in the ...
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    Existence of moonlets in Saturn's rings inferred from the optical depth profile (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 607-608 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Despite a careful search of Saturn's rings by Voyager 2, moonlets have not been detected. It is probable that, if they exist, they are too small to have been observed directly by Voyager amidst the bright ring material6. Furthermore, with the exception of the density wake caused by the Encke-gap ...
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    Fractality of sooty smoke: implications for the severity of nuclear winter (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 611-613 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Sooty smoke is formed during the non-flaming combustion of oils, plastics and construction materials. It absorbs sunlight strongly; at visible wavelengths its specific absorption is typically 8-10m2g~1. It is estimated that sooty smoke provides about half the initial optical depth in a ...
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    Vesicular removal by oligodendrocytes of membrane attack complexes formed by activated complement (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 620-622 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Our preliminary studies extended reports of complement activation by purified myelin8'9, and showed that exposure of intact neonatal rat optic nerve oligodendrocytes to homologous serum resulted in classical pathway complement activation in the absence of antimyelin antibodies7. Bipotential ...
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    Acoustic emissions and shear instabilities during phase transformations in Si and Ge at ultrahigh pressures (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 616-618 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We compressed powdered Si and Ge (grain size 1-3 jjun) without a pressure medium in a Mao-Bell diamond cell3 at room temperature. Less than 5% by volume of ruby powder (grain size ^3 jjim) was placed at the interface between the sample and the upper diamond, and the pressure was measured with the ...
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    Alteration of mouse cytochrome P450 coh substrate specificity by mutation of a single amino-acid residue (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 632-634 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] By altering each of the 11 substituted amino acids in P450coh to the corresponding residue in P45015a, we obtained a series of mutant enzymes denoted Cl-11 (Fig. 1). Of these, C4, C6 and C9 exhibited only 35-45% of the coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity of wild-type P450coh indicating that Vail 17, ...
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    Chromatography international (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 642-644 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] PHARMACIA LKB's model 2157 HPLC autosampler requires a minimum of sample and operates unattended (Reader Service No. 101). The injection volume of the automatic sample injector can be varied between 1 ^il and 1 ml in l-|il increments. The injection system is designed for zero dead volume, so only 3 ...
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    An unusual DMA structure detected in a telomeric sequence under superhelical stress and at low pH (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 634-637 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Figure 1 shows the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis patterns for our plasmid pTTEL3 carrying the insert 5'-G3(T2G4)7G3(T2G4)9. At pH 4.4 a characteristic discontinuity is visible, which indicates that unlike the vector plasmid the plasmid carrying the insert undergoes a structural transition. A ...
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    Expressions of outrage (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 493-493 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Washington & Tokyo THE US National Academy of Sciences suspended its cooperative exchange programme with the Chinese Academy of Sciences and other Chinese institutions last week in response to the killing of demonstrators in Tiananmen Square by Chinese troops. A telegram from Frank Press, ...
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    Academies' global view (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 494-494 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Moscow THE United States and the Soviet Union are to cooperate to tackle environmental problems. Earlier this month, president of the USSR Academy of Sciences Guriy Marchuk and head of the delegation of the US National Academy of Sciences, president of the National Engineering Academy Robert ...
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    A faltering start for Uno (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 495-495 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Tokyo JAPAN'S new prime minister Sosuke Uno, in his first policy speech before the Diet last week, pledged to "take positive initiatives" to solve global environmental problems, such as the greenhouse effect. He also called for greater development of science and technology and academic research ...
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    Neurolathyrism remains a threat in India (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 495-495 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] WHILE the 40,000 victims of the poison gas tragedy at Bhopal, capital of Madyha Pradesh, may hope to be rehabilitated following a settlement with Union Carbide, a far larger number of victims of poisoning must go without help elsewhere in the same state. These are the poor agricultural labourers ...
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    Fasella offers to take advice (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 497-497 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] London THE key words to describe the pattern of support for collaborative research in Europe after 1992 are "decentralized" and "flexible", according to Paolo Fasella, director-general of DG XII, the European Commission's directorate-general responsible for science policy. There will be no more ...
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    Taking the biscuit (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 497-497 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] KOALA bears may be popular at zoos throughout the world but they are not easy to keep, given that all they will eat are the leaves of a tiny number of eucalyptus species. But air delivery of fresh Australian eucalyptus leaves to the world's zoos may soon be at an end, thanks to the development of ...
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    AIDS white paper (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 497-497 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE Australian Government released its first white paper on AIDS last week, recommending that all foreigners wishing to settle in Australia be tested for AIDS and that the possession of small quantities of illegal drugs for personal use be decriminalized. The policy document will be presented to ...
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  • 97
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    Rancho Seco shutdown vote (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 499-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Boston A MAJORITY of the residents of Sacramento, California, voted last week to shut the 918 MW Rancho Seco nuclear reactor. This is a serious blow for the US nuclear industry. Similar referenda have previously been held in numerous states, but this is the first vote in favour of shutting down a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339499b0
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    Hirohito's legacy (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 500-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-Emperor Hirohito's role during his 63-year reign will be debated for many years to come. The comment by Masakado Kawata and Eiich Kasuya (Nature 338, 370; 1989) fails to address the basic issue. I think that Hirohito really wished to remain a peaceful emperor biologist but did not have a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339500b0
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    Ribozyme self-replication? (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 507-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] CONSIDERABLE enthusiasm has been expressed for the idea that ribozymes - RNA molecules with catalytic activity - provided the basis for nucleic-acid self-replication early in evolution1"1. Experimental tests of the feasibility of RNA-catalysed RNA replication confirmed that such reactions are ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339507a0
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    Ice-age clues for warmer world (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 339 (1989), S. 508-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE latest computer-modelled predictions of greenhouse warming suggest that global mean air temperatures may rise by 5 °C over the next 30 years, with amplified rises of up to 12 °C in polar regions. This is comparable with the temperature increase from the last glacial period to the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/339508a0
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