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  • Technology  (363)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • General Chemistry
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
  • Limnology
  • 2020-2024  (368)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1945-1949
  • 1940-1944
  • 2024  (29)
  • 2023  (339)
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  • 2020-2024  (368)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1945-1949
  • 1940-1944
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-04-22
    Description: A preliminary inventory of the composition of zooplancktonic species found in Bayano Lake, between February and September 1981 revealed that there are seven species of Rotifera, five Cladocera, two Copepoda, one Ostracoda and larvae of Macrobrachium (Decapoda) and Chaoborus (Diptera). The composition, abundance and horizontal and monthly distribution of the most important zooplanktonic groups found in Bayano Lake are here presented.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Limonology ; Abundancia ; Vertical distribution ; Limnology ; Composición
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.17-24
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-05-20
    Description: To ensure the long-term sustainable use of African Great Lakes (AGL), and to better understand the functioning of these ecosystems, authorities, managers and scientists need regularly collected scientific data and information of key environmental indicators over multi-years to make informed decisions. Monitoring is regularly conducted at some sites across AGL; while at others sites, it is rare or conducted irregularly in response to sporadic funding or short-term projects/studies. Managers and scientists working on the AGL thus often lack critical long-term data to evaluate and gauge ongoing changes. Hence, we propose a multi-lake approach to harmonize data collection modalities for better understanding of regional and global environmental impacts on AGL. Climate variability has had strong impacts on all AGL in the recent past. Although these lakes have specific characteristics, their limnological cycles show many similarities. Because different anthropogenic pressures take place at the different AGL, harmonized multilake monitoring will provide comparable data to address the main drivers of concern (climate versus regional anthropogenic impact). To realize harmonized long-term multi-lake monitoring, the approach will need: (1) support of a wide community of researchers and managers; (2) political goodwill towards a common goal for such monitoring; and (3) sufficient capacity (e.g., institutional, financial, human and logistic resources) for its implementation. This paper presents an assessment of the state of monitoring the AGL and possible approaches to realize a long-term, multi-lake harmonized monitoring strategy. Key parameters are proposed. The support of national and regional authorities is necessary as each AGL crosses international boundaries.
    Description: Published
    Description: 101988
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Biodiversity ; Climate change ; Erosion
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Springer Nature | Palgrave Macmillan
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: This open access book examines how Pinewood came to be Britain’s dominant film studio complex, focusing on key years following the Second World War. It presents a revisionist, micro history of the studio and its longevity during a particularly turbulentperiod, explaining Pinewood’s survival at a time when other major film studios such as Denham closed. This book also provides contemporary insights into how Pinewood’s technologies, practices, and filmmaking methods compared to Hollywood’s. Thirteen films produced in1946–47 are analysed in detail, tracking how economic pressures engendered many creative techniques and innovative technologies. Prevailing cultures of management and labour organization are foregrounded, as well as insights into being a studio employee. These are vividly brought to life through an in-depthfocus on the in-house studio magazine Pinewood Merry-Go-Round, which provides rare details of sports and leisure activities organized at the studios.
    Keywords: Pinewood ; Film history ; British cinema ; Film studios ; Innovation ; Technology ; Leisure cultures ; Labour history ; Set design ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATF Films, cinema ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATJ Television ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATF Films, cinema::ATFX Filmmaking and production: technical and background skills
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Ein großer Teil herkömmlicher Technikphilosophien basiert auf naturalistisch-anthropologischen Grundvorstellungen oder Handlungskonzepten, die bereits nach einem Grundmuster von Technik modelliert und insofern »technomorph« sind. Sie reflektieren nicht den eigenen Standpunkt. Die vorliegende Untersuchung ist der Frage gewidmet, inwiefern die Technizität unserer Weltbezüge hintergehbar ist bzw. was uns wie veranlasst, den Möglichkeitshorizont des Technischen näher zu erschließen. Als »Medialität des Technischen« ist dieser Gegenstand historischer und systematischer Analysen, die im ersten Band die theoretischen, im zweiten die praktischen Aspekte der Fragestellung behandeln. Dabei werden die qualitativen Veränderungen herausgestellt, die die modernen Hochtechnologien aufweisen.
    Keywords: Technik ; Medien ; Kultur ; Dialektik ; Reflexion ; Technikphilosophie ; Philosophie ; Technology ; Media ; Culture ; Philosophy of Technology ; Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Language: German
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  • 5
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    transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-02-04
    Description: Die Veröffentlichung von ChatGPT im Herbst 2022 heizte die Kontroverse um Künstliche Intelligenz an und führte zu einer seitdem unaufhörlichen Fragelust - verstärkt dadurch, dass dieselben Prompts schon kürzeste Zeit später andere Outputs generieren. In einem experimentellen Format präsentieren die Herausgeber*innen erste kommentierte Gespräche mit KI-Sprachmodellen. Sie geben Einblick in dialogische Szenen, die eine fortlaufende Transformation der Technik und Eigentümlichkeiten maschinellen Lernens erfassen. Die Sammlung zielt in Form witziger, unheimlicher und - mehr oder weniger - kluger Dialoge zwischen Mensch und Maschine auf die Dokumentation einer mediengeschichtlichen Passage in eine neue Ära allgegenwärtiger KI.
    Keywords: Chat ; Maschinelles Lernen ; Medien ; Kultur ; ChatGPT ; Maschine ; Dialog ; Gespräch ; Computer ; Sprache ; Sprachmodell ; Technik ; Künstliche Intelligenz ; KI ; Digitalisierung ; Digitale Medien ; Social Media ; Informatik ; Medienwissenschaft ; Machine Learning ; Media ; Culture ; Machine ; Dialoque ; Conversation ; Language ; Technology ; Artificial Intelligence ; Ai ; Digitalization ; Digital Media ; Computer Sciences ; Media Studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies
    Language: German
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  • 6
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Unser Alltag ist von technisch erzeugter Virtualität nicht nur geprägt - er wird in vielen Bereichen durch sie bestimmt. Die Informationsgesellschaft pflegt einen selbstverständlichen Umgang mit sich immer weiter entwickelnden technischen Geräten. Als Schein oder Unwirklichkeit konnotiert, bleiben die neuen Phänomene der Virtualität dabei jedoch weitgehend unreflektiert. Tobias Holischkas phänomenologische Analyse zeigt, dass insbesondere der virtuelle Ort als versammelndes Prinzip eine Realität schafft, die - ganz im Gegensatz zum abstrakten Konzept des Cyberspace - eine ontologische Verbindung zur menschlichen Alltagswelt herstellt und sie auf diese Weise erweitert.
    Keywords: Virtualität ; Ort ; Raum ; Computerspiel ; Wirklichkeit ; Cyberspace ; Phänomenologie ; Technik ; Gesellschaft ; Philosophie ; Medien ; Medienphilosophie ; Medientheorie ; Kulturphilosophie ; Virtuality ; Place ; Space ; Computer Game ; Reality ; Phenomenology ; Technology ; Society ; Philosophy ; Media ; Media Philosophy ; Media Theory ; Philosophy of Culture ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography::RGC Human geography ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies
    Language: German
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  • 7
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-22
    Description: Der soziotechnische Wandel bringt neue Phänomene des Zufalls hervor, die sich den üblichen Strategien des Umgangs mit Risiken und Unsicherheit entziehen. Diese Akzidenzphänomene sind prinzipiell unvorhersehbar und in ihrer komplexen Effektgesamtheit jenseits von Kalkulation und Antizipation. Eine allgemeine Verzukünftigung unseres Weltbezuges mit spezifischen weitreichenden Problemen ist die Folge und lässt klassische Agenturen des Risikomanagements und der Unsicherheitsbewältigung an ihre Leistungsgrenzen stoßen. Bruno Gransche zeigt, dass Philosophie und Zukunftsforschung gemeinsam großes Potenzial aufweisen, hier zu helfen.
    Keywords: Philosophie ; Zukunftsforschung ; Zukunft ; Akzidenz ; Technik ; Resilienz ; Narration ; Zufall ; Risikomanagement ; Hochtechnologie ; Antizipation ; Wissenschaft ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Technikphilosophie ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Wissenschaftssoziologie ; Philosophy ; Foresight ; Future ; Accident ; Technology ; Resilience ; Coincidence ; Risk Management ; High-technology ; Anticipation ; Science ; Philosophy of Science ; Philosophy of Technology ; Epistemology ; Sociology of Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PD Science: general issues::PDA Philosophy of science ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy::HPK Philosophy: epistemology & theory of knowledge
    Language: German
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  • 8
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    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chilean Patagonia, located at the southwestern tip of South America, is one of the last regions on earth where highly intact environments predominate. With a coastline that extends along some 100,000 km of fjords, channels, and islands, it has one of the world´s most extensive marine-terrestrial interfaces. Local place-based and Indigenous cultures and management practices are a vital presence across the region, while the long and rich history of conservation efforts have resulted in officially protected areas covering over 50% of the land and 41% of the coastal-marine area. However, Chilean Patagonia is increasingly facing anthropogenic pressures associated with increased infrastructure and access, salmon aquaculture, extractive industries, and the spread of invasive exotic species. Despite widespread recognition that Chilean Patagonia represents a unique global reservoir of socio-natural heritage, to date there has been no region-wide assessment of the scientific evidence of the conservation status of its ecosystems or the priorities for their effective conservation. Conservation in Chilean Patagonia: Assessing the state of knowledge, opportunities, and challenges is the first book to gather and synthesize the available scientific and socio-environmental information related to Patagonian conservation. It presents the collaborative work of 68 researchers and local experts, representing a range of specialties and perspectives, including: biology, ecology, socio-ecology, fisheries, aquaculture, anthropology, economics, geography, tourism, cryosphere, oceanography, climate and global change. The book’s 18 chapters focus on the status of key ecosystems and conservation tools, and provide recommendations toward the construction of a renewed, inclusive, and integrated conservation agenda for the Chilean Patagonian region. It provides an essential primer for anyone interested in the future of this ecologically vital region, as well as lessons on interdisciplinary collaboration and integrated analysis of conservation issues useful for conservation practitioners and scholars. This is an open access book. This book is a translation of an original Spanish edition. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Oceanography ; Biodiversity ; Marine-terrestrial Interface ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNK Conservation of the environment ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology and the hydrosphere::RBKC Oceanography (seas and oceans) ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography::RGM Biogeography ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology::RNCB Biodiversity
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Wie kann der Öffentlichkeit ein digitaler Zugang zu Sammlungen visuellen Kulturerbes ermöglicht werden? Diese Frage beschäftigt viele Museen, Archive und Bibliotheken, allerdings fehlen entsprechende Erhebungen, die bei der Umsetzung helfen könnten. Im Auftrag der Stiftung für Kunst, Kultur und Geschichte (SKKG) in Winterthur widmet sich Sonja Gasser dieser Leerstelle und analysiert in einer Umfrage die Anforderungen zur digitalen Repräsentation von Sammlungen. Die Ergebnisse bieten Museen und anderen Kulturinstitutionen Orientierung und Inspiration - beispielsweise bei der Entwicklung oder Erweiterung eines digitalen Angebots und der Abstimmung digitaler Sammlungen auf die Bedürfnisse der Nutzenden.
    Keywords: Digitale Sammlung ; Museum ; Archiv ; Bibliothek ; Digital Humanities ; Technologie ; Kulturerbe ; Digitalisierung ; Museumswissenschaft ; Praktische Museumskunde ; Digitale Medien ; Digital Collections ; Archive ; Library ; Technology ; Cultural Heritage ; Digitalization ; Museology ; Practical Museography ; Digital Media ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GL Library and information sciences / Museology::GLZ Museology and heritage studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies
    Language: German
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  • 10
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: It is only recently, with the increasing interest in origami and folding in natural sciences and the humanities, that the fold as a new conception in a whole range of disciplines has begun to be conceived in a broader way. Folding as a material and structural process offers a new methodology to think about the close relationship of matter, form and code. It henceforth crosses out old dichotomies, such as the organic and the inorganic or nature and technology, and blurs the boundaries between experimental, conceptual and historical approaches. This anthology aims to unfold this new interdisciplinary field and its disciplinary impact, ranging from materials science, biology, architecture, and mathematics to literature and philosophy.
    Keywords: Folding ; Material ; Structure ; Form ; Code ; Interdisciplinary Research ; Science ; Technology ; Philosophy of Science ; Philosophy ; Cultural Studies ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDA Philosophy of science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-03
    Description: The COVID-19 pandemic has reorganized existing methods of exchange, turning comparatively marginal technologies into the new normal. Multipoint videoconferencing in particular has become a favored means for web-based forms of remote communication and collaboration without physical copresence. Taking the recent mainstreaming of videoconferencing as its point of departure, this anthology examines the complex mediality of this new form of social interaction. Connecting theoretical reflection with material case studies, the contributors question practices, politics and aesthetics of videoconferencing and the specific meanings it acquires in different historical, cultural and social contexts.
    Keywords: Audiovisual Communication ; Digital Culture ; Media ; Platforms ; Videoconferencing ; Technology ; Society ; Digital Media ; Media Aesthetics ; Media History ; Media Theory ; Media Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Wenn wir Technik als Mittel in unseren Lebensvollzügen einsetzen, gehen wir davon aus, dass technische Abläufe determiniert sind. Diese Bestimmtheit ist jedoch nicht einfach gegeben, sondern erfordert eine Anstrengung, die als Auslagerung von Unbestimmtheit verstanden werden kann. Dieses Buch begibt sich auf die Spurensuche: Wo werden technische Abläufe bestimmt, wo stößt dieser Vorgang an Grenzen und lässt Unbestimmtheit neu erkennbar werden? Indem die Auslagerung von Unbestimmtheit als Schatten der Technik mitgedacht wird, ergeben sich neue Impulse für die aktuelle Diskussion über Technik.
    Keywords: Technik ; Unbestimmtheit ; Mensch ; Medialität ; Technikphilosophie ; Philosophische Anthropologie ; Philosophie ; Technology ; Human ; Philosophy of Technology ; Philosophical Anthropology ; Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Language: German
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  • 13
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    Springer Nature | Springer International Publishing
    Publication Date: 2024-01-16
    Description: Chilean Patagonia, located at the southwestern tip of South America, is one of the last regions on earth where highly intact environments predominate. With a coastline that extends along some 100,000 km of fjords, channels, and islands, it has one of the world´s most extensive marine-terrestrial interfaces. Local place-based and Indigenous cultures and management practices are a vital presence across the region, while the long and rich history of conservation efforts have resulted in officially protected areas covering over 50% of the land and 41% of the coastal-marine area. However, Chilean Patagonia is increasingly facing anthropogenic pressures associated with increased infrastructure and access, salmon aquaculture, extractive industries, and the spread of invasive exotic species. Despite widespread recognition that Chilean Patagonia represents a unique global reservoir of socio-natural heritage, to date there has been no region-wide assessment of the scientific evidence of the conservation status of its ecosystems or the priorities for their effective conservation. Conservation in Chilean Patagonia: Assessing the state of knowledge, opportunities, and challenges is the first book to gather and synthesize the available scientific and socio-environmental information related to Patagonian conservation. It presents the collaborative work of 68 researchers and local experts, representing a range of specialties and perspectives, including: biology, ecology, socio-ecology, fisheries, aquaculture, anthropology, economics, geography, tourism, cryosphere, oceanography, climate and global change. The book’s 18 chapters focus on the status of key ecosystems and conservation tools, and provide recommendations toward the construction of a renewed, inclusive, and integrated conservation agenda for the Chilean Patagonian region. It provides an essential primer for anyone interested in the future of this ecologically vital region, as well as lessons on interdisciplinary collaboration and integrated analysis of conservation issues useful for conservation practitioners and scholars. This is an open access book. This book is a translation of an original Spanish edition. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Oceanography ; Biodiversity ; Marine-terrestrial Interface ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNK Conservation of the environment ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography::RGM Biogeography ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology::RNCB Biodiversity
    Language: English
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: The monograph provides an overview of equipment for processing and processing technology of melons. Until recent years, the primary processing of melons has no industrial production in the CIS countries and abroad. The all-round reduction or complete elimination of the share of manual labor due to the comprehensive mechanization of technological processes is acquiring particular relevance. However, when processing such crops as melons, it is impossible to completely exclude manual labor at the current level of development of agricultural and processing equipment. This is due to the specific properties of not only the plants themselves, but also the fruits. So the tech- nologies for harvesting and processing melons include operations traditionally performed in whole or in part by hand. The mechanical and technological foundations for the calculation and design of machines for processing the fruits of melons for technical and food purposes are stated. The theoretical prerequisites for the creation of products based on melon are presented, the issues of rational use of melons for the production of long-term storage products are highlighted. Basic physical, mechanical and rheological properties of pumpkin, melon and watermelon fruits are given. Criteria equations for the processes of grinding in a closed environment, cutting, mixing are given. The proposed options for equipment and technological lines for the processing of fruits of water- melon, melon, pumpkin are presented. The technologies for processing the fruits of watermelon, pumpkin melon are described.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Watermelons ; Melons ; Pumpkin ; Technology ; Technique ; Processing ; Specifications ; Indicators ; Rheology ; Criterion equations ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVD Agricultural engineering and machinery
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: The history of theatre has often been written as a history of great writers, actors, or directors. This book takes a different approach: The contributors examine the history of performance from the perspective of theatre spaces and stage technologies. Art, literature, religion, law, urbanism, architecture, technology - this interdisciplinary book discusses how these fields relate to theatre and performance. Geographically, it covers a significant portion of the globe; chronologically, it ranges from ancient times to the present. This book provides a timely attempt to combine cultural and global history.
    Keywords: Theatre ; Performance ; Stage ; Technology ; History ; History of Theatre ; Theatre Studies ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATD Theatre studies
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: Primäre Aufgabe einer Ethik der Technik ist nicht die bloße Anwendung ›allgemeiner‹ Ethik, sondern die Rechtfertigung spezifischer Regeln eines Handelns mit Technik, die - als Medium - Möglichkeitsräume eröffnet, verändert, verschließt. Angesichts steigender Unsicherheit, Unschärfe und Ungewissheit der Technikfolgen geht es um den Umgang mit Chancen- und Risikopotenzialen. Dabei hat sich eine Ethik der Technik dem Wertpluralismus zu stellen, angesichts dessen sie nach basalen Kriterien des Erhalts des Handelnkönnens fragt. Sie nimmt mithin die klassische Fragestellung der Klugheitsethik auf, die René Descartes zum Konzept einer provisorischen Moral geführt hat. Diese sichert Options- und Vermächtniswerte unseres Handelns jenseits des Wertpluralismus und mündet in Vorschlägen zum »Dissensmanagement«.
    Keywords: Technikbewertung ; Technikethik ; Hochtechnologien ; Konfliktmanagement ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Technik ; Ethik ; Technikphilosophie ; Philosophie ; Sustainability ; Technology ; Ethics ; Philosophy of Technology ; Philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy::HPQ Ethics & moral philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTQ Ethics and moral philosophy
    Language: German
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  • 17
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    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Publication Date: 2024-03-07
    Description: Global Trends in Law Enforcement - Theory and Practice is a thought-provoking collection of studies that define contemporary policing on a global scale. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, law enforcement agencies face unprecedented challenges, from rapidly advancing technology to the complexities of transnational crime. This comprehensive volume brings together diverse perspectives from leading scholars and practitioners, offering a rich tapestry of insights that illuminate the evolving landscape of law enforcement. The present book is an indispensable resource for academics, practitioners, policymakers, and students seeking a deep understanding of the rapidly evolving world of law enforcement. As a definitive guide to global trends, Global Trends in Law Enforcement - Theory and Practice paves the way for a new era of informed and effective policing in an interconnected world.
    Keywords: Restorative Justice ; Youth Diversion ; Prisons ; Female Offending ; Crime ; COVID-19 ; PTSD ; Technology ; Measuring Performance ; Corruption ; Broken Windows ; Police Discretion ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Die Medienwissenschaft operiert häufig mit gleichermaßen überstrapazierten wie langlebigen Analogiekonstruktionen. Verführt durch das Kopplungspotenzial von Analogien verschenkt sie damit Teile ihres genuin theoretischen Potenzials und riskiert mitunter fatale Folgekosten. Melina Kirchartz nimmt die noch immer unterschätzte konstitutive Rolle von prominenten Analogien wie der zwischen Mensch und Maschine für die Genese von Theorien unter die Lupe. Der Blick auf die theoretische Struktur der Medienwissenschaft selbst fördert ein argumentationsstrategisches Phänomen zutage, das es in das Bewusstsein geisteswissenschaftlicher Diskurse zu rücken gilt.
    Keywords: Analogie ; Theorie ; Wissenschaft ; Medientheorie ; Mensch ; Maschine ; Technik ; Mechanik ; Kybernetik ; Extensionsthese ; Medien ; Medienphilosophie ; Technikphilosophie ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Medienwissenschaft ; Analogy ; Theory ; Science ; Media Theory ; Human ; Machine ; Technology ; Cybernetics ; Media ; Media Philosophy ; Philosophy of Technology ; Philosophy of Science ; Media Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy
    Language: German
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  • 19
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: Eisenbahn und Telegrafie stehen im 19. Jahrhundert für die Beschleunigung und Ausweitung gesellschaftlicher Beziehungen. Wie Wolf-Rüdiger Wagner zeigt, entsprach die im deutschsprachigen Raum übliche Kurrentschrift nicht mehr den Anforderungen an schriftliche Kommunikation. Als »Beschleunigungsmittel des Gedankenverkehrs« bot sich die Stenografie an. Ihre Nutzung als Verkehrsschrift setzte jedoch eine Einheitskurzschrift voraus. Zu deren Einführung kam es aber erst 1924 nach langwierigen Verhandlungen auf Druck der Reichsregierung. Anhand von Presseberichten und Archivtexten bietet der Band einen Einblick in die vielschichtigen Beziehungen zwischen gesellschaftlichen, technischen und kulturellen Entwicklungen sowie den Veränderungen im Bereich der Kommunikation.
    Keywords: Stenografie ; Schrift ; Kurzschrift ; Einheitskurzschrift ; Kommunikation ; Technik ; Entwicklung ; Lithografie ; Diktiermaschine ; Stenografiermaschine ; Mediengeschichte ; Kulturgeschichte ; Medien ; Technikgeschichte ; Medienwissenschaft ; Short Hand ; Writing ; Uniform Shorthand ; Communication ; Technology ; Development ; Lithography ; Dictation Machine ; Shorthand Machine ; Media History ; Cultural History ; Media ; History of Technology ; Media Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: German
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  • 20
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    transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: Die Übertragungszeit, delay, von Impulsen und Signalen kann als flüchtiger Akteur einer Mediengeschichte verstanden werden. Delay-Medien wie die Sonographie, das Sonar oder Radar haben weitreichende Implikationen für aktuelle Medienkulturen. Dabei musste sich die Verdatung von Umwelten und Körpern als Funktion von Übertragungszeiten zunächst aber historisch beweisen. Christoph Borbach widmet sich in neun Fallgeschichten frühen Temporalisierungen von Räumen in Kontexten von u.a. Medizin, Post, Militär und Computertechnik. Innovativ beleuchtet er so die Medienkultur-, Wissens- und Praxisgeschichte des Akteurs Delay - von ersten Sensormedien im 19. Jahrhundert bis hin zu Infrastrukturen der Verarbeitung von Big Data in Echtzeit.
    Keywords: Delay ; Delay-Medien ; Temporalisierung ; Zeit ; Medienkultur ; Radar ; Sonar ; Sonographie ; Datenpraxis ; Mediengeschichte ; Medien ; Klang ; Technik ; Medientheorie ; Raum ; Medienwissenschaft ; Temporalization ; Time ; Media Culture ; Sonography ; Media History ; Media ; Sound ; Technology ; Media Theory ; Space ; Media Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AV Music::AVA Theory of music and musicology
    Language: German
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  • 21
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    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: This book exposes two inspiring research categories: digitization and trust. Digitization is a phenomenon that dynamically modifies the modern world in almost every area. Modern technologies, artificial intelligence and humanoid robots are instruments with an increasingly significant impact on the shape of the management process of modern organizations, including the way people are managed. Trust is a subtle concept, with a very different interpretation, influencing the behaviour of employees in a multifaceted way. A superficial look at the combination of both categories seems to see them as irrational. Upon closer examination, however, it exposes many interesting fields of scientific exploration. Trust, as a research category, has been included in three significant dimensions: in relation to co-workers, superiors and information technology, dominated by digitization. Each draws attention to different problems of priority importance for the organization. Asserting the idea that trust in the conditions of digitization becomes a category of timeless importance in the interdisciplinary dimension, this volume will be of interest to researchers, academics, practitioners and advanced students in the fields of management of technology and innovation, organizational studies and leadership.
    Keywords: Trust ; Digitalization ; Technology ; Trust Management ; SME Sector ; Innovation ; Human Capital Management ; Leadership ; Efficiency ; Organizational Culture ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJS Sales and marketing ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJM Management and management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV6 Research and development management ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJU Organizational theory and behaviour ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJM Management and management techniques::KJMB Management: leadership and motivation
    Language: English
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  • 22
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Description: Vernetzte Computer sind das wichtigste Kommunikationsmedium unserer Zeit. Die Verschmelzung von Datenverarbeitung und Telekommunikation war allerdings kein gradliniger Prozess. Das neuartige »Medium Computer« entwickelte sich vielmehr in einem komplexen Wechselverhältnis von technologischen Innovationen, dem Wandel von Wirtschafts- und Wettbewerbspolitik sowie gegenkulturellen Strömungen. In seiner zeithistorischen Studie analysiert Matthias Röhr diesen durchwachsenen Verlauf und zeigt auf, wie die Bundespost in den 1970er und 1980er Jahren mit Bildschirmtext und ISDN auf diese Entwicklung reagierte, und warum Hackerkulturen als Reaktion hierauf für ein »Menschenrecht auf freien Datenaustausch« eintraten.
    Keywords: Computer ; Telekommunikation ; Internet ; Geschichte ; Bundespost ; Technik ; Innovation ; Datenverarbeitung ; Industriepolitik ; Globalisierung ; Kulturgeschichte ; Zeitgeschichte ; Technikgeschichte ; Wirtschaftsgeschichte ; Globalgeschichte ; Geschichtswissenschaft ; Digitalisierung ; History ; Federal Post Office ; Technology ; Data Processing ; Industrial Policy ; Globalization ; Cultural History ; Contemporary History ; History of Technology ; Economic History ; Global History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology ; thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999::3MPQ Later 20th century c 1950 to c 1999 ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCZ Economic history
    Language: German
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  • 23
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-22
    Description: Re-Design des Lebens: Wissenschaft und Technik rekurrieren zunehmend auf das Prinzip des Synthetischen. Die Synthetische Chemie und seit Neuestem die Synthetische Biologie zielen auf ein Zusammensetzen von Bausteinen, um neue Entitäten zu designen - von Molekülen bis hin zu Stoffwechselnetzwerken in Organismen. Dieser Band unternimmt wissenschaftsphilosophische und -historische Annäherungen an das Prinzip der Syn-Thesis. Die Beiträge fragen: Welche Konstruktionsbedingungen realisieren die synthetischen Wissenschaften? Wie ist das Verhältnis zu analytischen Methoden? Und wo liegen die Grenzen technischer Synthesis?
    Keywords: Wissenschaftstheorie ; Technikphilosophie ; Bioethik ; Synthetische Biologie ; Synthetische Chemie ; Wissenschaft ; Technik ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Wissenschaftssoziologie ; Philosophie ; Philosophy of Technology ; Bioethics ; Science ; Technology ; Philosophy of Science ; Sociology of Science ; Philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PD Science: general issues::PDA Philosophy of science ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy
    Language: German
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  • 24
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: Robots as social companions in close proximity to humans have a strong potential of becoming more and more prevalent in the coming years, especially in the realms of elder day care, child rearing, and education. As human beings, we have the fascinating ability to emotionally bond with various counterparts, not exclusively with other human beings, but also with animals, plants, and sometimes even objects. Therefore, we need to answer the fundamental ethical questions that concern human-robot-interactions per se, and we need to address how we conceive of »good lives«, as more and more of the aspects of our daily lives will be interwoven with social robots.
    Keywords: Ethics ; Robots ; Friendship ; Society ; Technology ; Philosophy of Technology ; Sociology of Technology ; Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTQ Ethics and moral philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDR Impact of science and technology on society ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTQ Ethics and moral philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDR Impact of science and technology on society
    Language: English
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  • 25
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    transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Artificial intelligence is becoming an increasingly important topic in the cultural sector. While museums have long focused on building digital object databases, the existing data can now become a field of application for machine learning, deep learning and foundation model approaches. This goes hand in hand with new artistic practices, curation tools, visitor analytics, chatbots, automatic translations and tailor-made text generation. With a decidedly interdisciplinary approach, the volume brings together a wide range of critical reflections, practical perspectives and concrete applications of artificial intelligence in museums, and provides an overview of the current state of the debate.
    Keywords: Museum ; Culture ; Digitality ; Artificial Intelligence ; Digitalization ; Science ; Museology ; Digital Media ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GL Library and information sciences / Museology::GLZ Museology and heritage studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies
    Language: English
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  • 26
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-22
    Description: Dieser Band beschäftigt sich mit dem maschinellen Lernen - der Autoadaption von algorithmischen Artefakten - als Thema interdisziplinärer Diskurse zu beispielsweise Selbstorganisation oder schwacher künstlicher Intelligenz. Anknüpfend an Heidegger, Goodman und Hubig ermöglicht die Studie einen systematischen interdisziplinären Zugang zu maschinellem Lernen, indem seine Charakteristika - etwa künstliche neuronale Netze oder evolutionäres Lernen - präzise, aber dennoch interdisziplinär verständlich beschrieben werden. Darauf aufbauend nimmt Sebastian Harrach eine technikphilosophische Verortung des maschinellen Lernens vor und geht exemplarisch den Denkrichtungen einer interdisziplinären Diskussion nach.
    Keywords: Maschinelles Lernen ; Mensch-Computer-Interaktion ; Big Data ; Selbstorganisation ; Technikphilosophie ; Philosophie ; Technik ; Medienphilosophie ; Informatik ; Machine Learning ; Human-computer Interaction ; Self-organization ; Philosophy of Technology ; Philosophy ; Technology ; Media Philosophy ; Computer Sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UB Information technology: general issues::UBJ Ethical & social aspects of IT
    Language: German
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  • 27
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-22
    Description: Computer gelten als prägende Faktoren unserer Gesellschaft, ohne dass die ihnen zugesprochene Gestaltungsmacht systematisch hinterfragt würde. Gemeinhin werden sie als Rechenmaschine, Medium oder Notationssystem adressiert. Unklar bleibt, welcher Status Computern als Ding überhaupt zukommt. Mit ihrer kritischen Neulektüre von Vilém Flusser und Mark Weiser legt Suzana Alpsancar zwei symptomatische Computerkonzepte im Diskurs des Digitalen frei. Sie zeigt, dass eine Reflexion der Gestaltungsmacht von Computern neben typischen Gebrauchsweisen gerade auch auf ihre potenzielle Widerständigkeit als Dinge abheben muss, um ihre Medialität angemessen erfassen zu können.
    Keywords: Computer ; Digitalität ; Vilém Flusser ; Mark Weiser ; Technikdeterminismus ; Technikphilosophie ; Medientheorie ; Medien ; Technik ; Medienphilosophie ; Medienwissenschaft ; Philosophie ; Philosophy of Technology ; Media Theory ; Media ; Technology ; Media Philosophy ; Media Studies ; Philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies
    Language: German
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  • 28
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-03-22
    Description: Inwieweit sind unsere Handlungsvollzüge und ihre Ordnungen durch Technik bedingt? Nachdem Christoph Hubig die Ermöglichungsfunktion der Technik freigelegt (Band I) und eine Moral für den Umgang mit technischen Möglichkeiten entwickelt hat (Band II), entwirft er nun in diesem (eigenständig lesbaren) Band III in kritischer Auseinandersetzung mit Foucault und der Akteur-Netzwerk-Theorie ein technikadäquates Machtkonzept. Jenseits eines »Technikdeterminismus« oder der Behauptung einer eigendynamischen Technikevolution steht dabei der Unterschied zwischen einer Strukturdynamik und einer Netzdynamik im Vordergrund. Zudem werden die Erträge dieser Modellierung für die Frage eines Wandels von Autonomie und (ethischer) Kontrolle geltend gemacht.
    Keywords: Technik ; Macht ; Autonomie ; Kontrolle ; Ethik ; Akteur-Netzwerk-Theorie ; Foucault ; Dialektik ; Philosophie ; Technikphilosophie ; Politische Philosophie ; Technology ; Power ; Autonomy ; Control ; Ethics ; Actor-network-theory ; Dialectics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of Technology ; Political Philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy::HPQ Ethics & moral philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy::HPS Social & political philosophy
    Language: German
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  • 29
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Ein, zwei, drei oder vier Elternteile, »Sponkel«, »Mapas« und lesbische Zeugungsakte - wer oder was Familie ist und wie sie gegründet wird, hat sich vervielfältigt. Sarah Charlotte Dionisius rekonstruiert aus einer von den Feminist Science and Technology Studies inspirierten, queertheoretischen Perspektive, wie lesbische und queere Frauen*paare, die mittels Samenspende Eltern geworden sind, Familie, Verwandtschaft und Geschlecht imaginieren und praktizieren. Damit wirft sie einen heteronormativitätskritischen Blick auf die sozialwissenschaftliche Familienforschung sowie auf gesellschaftliche und rechtliche Entwicklungen, die neue Ein- und Ausschlüsse queerer familialer Lebensweisen mit sich bringen.
    Keywords: Familie ; Geschlecht ; Sexualität ; Verwandtschaft ; Reproduktion ; Körper ; Schwangerschaft ; Technik ; Reproduktionstechnologie ; Doing Family ; Heteronormativität ; Gender ; Queertheorie ; Gender Studies ; Familiensoziologie ; Qualitative Sozialforschung ; Queer Theory ; Family ; Sexuality ; Kinship ; Reproduction ; Body ; Pregnancy ; Technology ; Reproduction Technology ; Heteronormativity ; Sociology of Family ; Qualitative Social Research ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSJ Gender studies, gender groups ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBK Sociology: family & relationships ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBC Social research & statistics
    Language: German
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2024-02-26
    Description: Identifcation of ontogenetic age classes plays an important role in the felds of zoology, palaeontology and archaeology, where accurate age classifcations of (sub)fossil remains are a crucial component for the reconstruction \nof past life. Textural ageing\xe2\x80\x94the identifcation of age-related bone surface textures\xe2\x80\x94provides a size-independent \nmethod for age assessment of vertebrate material. However, most of the work so far is limited to qualitative results. \nWhile qualitative approaches provide helpful insights on textural ageing patterns, they are heavily subject to observer \nbias and fall short of quantitative data relevant for detailed statistical analyses and cross-comparisons. Here, we present a pilot study on the application of 3D surface digital microscopy to quantify bone surface textures on the long \nbones of the grey heron (Ardea cinerea) and the Canada goose (Branta canadensis) using internationally verifed \nroughness parameters. Using a standardised measuring protocol, computed roughness values show a strong correlation with qualitative descriptions of textural patterns. Overall, higher roughness values correspond to increased numbers of grooves and pits and vice versa. Most of the roughness parameters allowed distinguishing between diferent \nontogenetic classes and closely followed the typical sigmoidal animal growth curve. Our results show that bone \ntexture quantifcation is a feasible approach to identifying ontogenetic age classes.
    Keywords: General Physics and Astronomy ; General Environmental Science ; General Biochemistry ; Genetics and Molecular Biology ; General Materials Science ; General Chemistry ; Roughness ; Surfaces ; Taphonomy ; Topography ; Bone ; Ontogeny ; Digital microscopy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The U.S. armed forces must be prepared to deploy to a wide range of locations and confront adversaries that span the threat spectrum. This report reviews selected findings from a study of Army and joint anti-access and area denial challenges and proposes a joint approach to countering these threats in future operations.
    Keywords: History ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWK Military and defence strategy ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: The Department of Defense (DoD) has developed new sensor technologies to support U.S. forces in Iraq and Afghanistan; these technologies are potentially useful for counterdrug operations along the southern U.S. border, but there are legal questions regarding how they may be used and how sensor information may be shared between federal agencies in domestic operations. This report examines federal law and DoD policy to answer these questions.
    Keywords: History ; Technology ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHH African history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSD Diplomacy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JK Social services and welfare, criminology::JKS Social welfare and social services::JKSW Emergency services::JKSW1 Police and security services ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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  • 33
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This report discusses the information revolution in the Asia-Pacific region and its likely course over the next five to ten years. Key questions addressed in this report include the extent to which the information revolution has taken hold of markets in this region, the political implications of the information revolution for Asian governments, the variations between individual countries, and the prospects for further information-technology-related developments in the region.
    Keywords: Technology ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYZ Human–computer interaction::UYZM Information architecture ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: An investigation of the effects of having symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on the labor market earnings of reservists in the years following deployment.
    Keywords: Law ; Psychology ; Technology ; Business ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCF Labour economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology::JMP Abnormal psychology
    Language: English
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The composition of Air Force active and reserve forces is often contentious, especially during a force drawdown. This document seeks to inform force composition decisions by clarifying issues that affect the suitability of missions for assignment to the reserve components.
    Keywords: History ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWK Military and defence strategy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWC Military forces and sectors::JWCM Air forces and warfare ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This report discusses how policy-makers might address the challenges and risks in respect of the security, privacy and trust aspects of cloud computing that could undermine the attainment of broader economic and societal objectives across Europe.
    Keywords: Technology ; Law ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UD Digital Lifestyle and online world: consumer and user guides ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNC Company, commercial and competition law: general::LNCD Company law
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Describes a framework to guide assessments of the availability of data regarding U.S. anti- and counterterrorism systems, countermeasures, and defenses for planning attacks on the U.S. air, rail, and sea transportation infrastructure. Overall, the framework is useful for assessing what kind of information would be easy or hard for potential attackers to find.
    Keywords: Technology ; Transportation Studies ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WG Transport: general interest
    Language: English
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: The F-35 Joint Strike Fighter is the most costly aircraft acquisition program in Defense Department history. RAND assessed the potential for savings by reconfiguring the U.S. Air Force’s combat-coded F-35s into larger squadrons, adjusting the Primary Aerospace Vehicle Authorized (PAA) mix across the Active and Reserve Components, and adjusting the percentage of PAA permanently assigned to locations in the continental United States.
    Keywords: Transportation Studies ; Management & Organizational Behavior ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV2 Personnel & human resources management ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering ; bic Book Industry Communication::W Lifestyle, sport & leisure::WG Transport: general interest::WGM Aircraft: general interest
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: What the Open Government Partnership tells us about how international initiatives can and do shape domestic public sector reform. At the 2011 meeting of the UN General Assembly, the governments of eight nations—Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico, Norway, Philippines, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States—launched the Open Government Partnership, a multilateral initiative aimed at promoting transparency, empowering citizens, fighting corruption, and harnessing new technologies to strengthen governance. At the time, many were concerned that the Open Government Partnership would end up toothless, offering only lip service to vague ideals and misguided cyber-optimism. The Power of Partnership in Open Government offers a close look, and a surprising affirmation, of the Open Government Partnership as an example of a successful transnational multistakeholder initiative that has indeed impacted policy and helped to produce progressive reform. By 2019 the Open Government Partnership had grown to 78 member countries and 20 subnational governments. Through a variety of methods—document analysis, interviews, process tracing, and quantitative analysis of secondary data—Suzanne J. Piotrowski, Daniel Berliner, and Alex Ingrams chart the Open Government Partnership's effectiveness and evaluate what this reveals about the potential of international reform initiatives in general. Their work calls upon scholars and policymakers to reconsider the role of international institutions and, in doing so, to differentiate between direct and indirect pathways to transnational impact on domestic policy. The more nuanced and complex processes of the indirect pathway, they suggest, have considerable but often overlooked potential to shape policy norms and models, alter resources and opportunities, and forge new linkages and coalitions—in short, to drive the substantial changes that inspire initiatives like the Open Government Partnership. This book will be available in an open access format to coincide with the print publication date.
    Keywords: Transparency ; Information Policy ; Participation ; Public Management ; Governance Reform ; Multistakeholder Initiatives ; Open Government ; Open Government Partnership ; OGP ; Open Data ; Technology ; Public Administration ; International Organizations ; Accountability ; Openness ; Government ; International ; transnational ; Collaboration ; Co-production ; Crowdsourcing ; Public governance ; E-government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSN International institutions ; thema EDItEUR::1 Place qualifiers::1Q Other geographical groupings: Oceans and seas, historical, political etc::1QF Political, socio-economic, cultural and strategic groupings::1QFE EU (European Union) ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPP Public administration
    Language: English
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Freedom of movement (FoM) is the actual or perceived degree to which individuals or groups can move from place to place within a given environment or into and out of that environment. Focusing specifically on Afghanistan, this examination considers actual and perceived FoM for a range of groups and profiles the factors that influence them and affect data reporting in potentially misleading ways.
    Keywords: Political Science ; History ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWK Military and defence strategy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSH Espionage and secret services ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 41
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    RAND Corporation | RAND, National Security Research Division
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This report examines the portfolio of tools funded by the State Department’s Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor that help support Internet freedom and assesses the impact of these tools in promoting U.S. interests (such as freedom of expression, freedom of the press, and the free flow of information) without enabling criminal activity.
    Keywords: Technology ; Law ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UR Computer security ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LND Constitutional and administrative law: general::LNDC Law: Human rights and civil liberties ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJK Communications engineering / telecommunications
    Language: English
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: The United Kingdom Ministry of Defence's Fixed Wing Sector Strategy Board commissioned RAND Europe to assist in the development of a strategy and sustainment plan for the military fixed wing sector. RAND focused on the health and sustainment of key skills in the sector's industrial base. This monograph describes the qualitative and quantitative methodologies that the RAND team followed and summarises its findings and recommendations.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Business ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCS Economic systems & structures ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 43
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Current DoD force planning processes assume that U.S. military interventions are serially independent over time. This report challenges this assumption, arguing that interventions occur in temporally dependent clusters in which the likelihood of an intervention depends on interventions in the recent past. Integrating the concept of temporal dependence into DoD planning processes could help planners develop more appropriate force estimates.
    Keywords: History ; Statistics ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNA Database design and theory ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWK Military and defence strategy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics::PBT Probability and statistics
    Language: English
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  • 44
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    Indiana University Press
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: As powerful interacting social and physical forces, gender and technology shape our experiences, cultures, and identities—sometimes in such comfortable and subtle ways that it takes effort to appreciate them; sometimes in such conspicuous and explosive ways that everyone recognizes their importance. Delving into these issues is an opportunity to discover how technology promises or threatens to rewrite our ideas about sex, sexuality, and gender identity.
    Keywords: Gender ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSJ Gender studies, gender groups
    Language: English
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  • 45
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: American geopolitical interests and the potential threats to those interests are both on the rise in East Africa. The author places the spread of militant Islamism and the development of radical Islamist networks in East Africa in the broader context of the social, economic, and political factors that have shaped the region's security environment.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: What can the United States learn from other militaries about how better to prepare for full-spectrum operations and deployments? The authors examine the militaries of China, France, the UK, India, and Israel to (1) identify different approaches to readiness, adaptability, and operational issues and (2) assess the ways in which units are trained both for specific and general deployments and for train, advise, and assist missions.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Business ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV2 Personnel & human resources management ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPV Political control & freedoms ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Changes in technology and adversary behavior will invariably produce new threats that must be assessed by defense and homeland security planners. An example of such a novel threat is the use of cruise missiles or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) by terrorist groups. Individual threats cannot be assessed in isolation, however, since adversaries always have many options for staging attacks. To examine this threat, RAND utilized a ?red analysis of alternatives? approach, wherein the benefits, costs, and risks of different options are considered from the point of view of a potential adversary. For several types of attacks, the suitability of these systems was compared against other options. This approach can help defense planners understand how the capabilities that different attack modes provide address key adversary operational problems. Given the insights this analysis produced about when these systems would likely be preferred by an attacker, RAND explored defensive options to address the threat. UAVs and cruise missiles represent a ?niche threat? within a larger threat context; therefore, defenses were sought that provide common protection against both this and other asymmetric threats. The monograph concludes with a discussion of cross-cutting lessons about this threat and the assessment of novel threats in general.
    Keywords: Technology ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPW Political activism::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 48
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: A core finding of previous RAND research on 30 years of insurgencies worldwide was that a conflict's overall score on a scorecard of 15 equally weighted good and 12 equally weighted bad counterinsurgency factors and practices perfectly predicted the ultimate outcome. Using the scorecard approach and an expert elicitation (Delphi) exercise, a RAND project sought to extend the findings to the case of Afghanistan in early 2011.
    Keywords: Technology ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNA Database design and theory ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: The level of automobility, defined as travel in personal vehicles, varies quite substantially between countries even at similar levels of economic development. Researchers sought to determine the factors besides economic development that affect automobility, their influence on automobility, and what would happen to automobility in developing countries if they progress along similar paths as developed countries.
    Keywords: Technology ; Sociology ; Transportation Studies ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNA Database design and theory ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBC Social research and statistics ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WG Transport: general interest::WGC Road and motor vehicles: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WG Transport: general interest::WGC Road and motor vehicles: general interest::WGCF Buses, trams and commercial vehicles: general interest
    Language: English
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This monograph examines prewar planning efforts for the reconstruction of postwar Iraq. It then examines the role of U.S. military forces after major combat officially ended on May 1, 2003, through June 2004. Finally, it examines civilian efforts at reconstruction, focusing on the activities of the Coalition Provisional Authority and its efforts to rebuild structures of governance, security forces, economic policy, and essential services.
    Keywords: Technology ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPV Political control and freedoms ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPW Political activism / Political engagement::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This volume contains the papers presented at the third biennial Information Systems Foundations ('Theory, Representation and Reality') Workshop, held at The Australian National University in Canberra from 27-28 September 2006. The focus of the workshop was, as for the others in the series, the foundations of Information Systems as an academic discipline. The particular emphasis was, as in past workshops, the adequacy and completeness of theoretical underpinnings and the research methods employed. At the same time the practical nature of the applications and phenomena with which the discipline deals were kept firmly in view. Accordingly, the papers in this volume range from the unashamedly theoretical n their focus (Designing for Mutability in Information Systems Artifacts; Towards a Unified Theory of Fit: Task, Technology and Individual) to the much more practically oriented (An Action-Centred Approach to Conceptualising Information Support for Routine Work). The contents of this volume will be of interest and relevance to academics and advanced students as well as thoughtful and reflective practitioners in the Information Systems field.
    Keywords: Technology ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYZ Human–computer interaction::UYZM Information architecture
    Language: English
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  • 52
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Describes a case study of six enterprises that use Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags to control access in the workplace to understand their policies about personally identifiable records obtained by sensing RFID-based access cards. These policies have a number of common features, but the policies are neither documented nor shared with employees. While employees ought to be informed about uses of access control system records, implementing traditional fair information practices for such records would be impractical in some situations.
    Keywords: Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: The Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (JIEDDO) carries out training activities both as part of its equipment and system development responsibilities and its responsibility to “train the force” in IED threats and countermeasures. This report assesses whether JIEDDO’s programs and functions may be duplicative with those of the military Services, U.S. Special Operations Command, and other agencies.
    Keywords: History ; Business ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV2 Personnel & human resources management ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence::JWM Weapons & equipment ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBW Military history ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: To inform Air Force sustainment sourcing decisionmaking, RAND researchers adapted lessons from the transaction cost accounting literature to develop a framework that helps planners visualize sustainment data and compare new programs with legacy Air Force systems early in the acquisition process. This report demonstrates how the framework can be used to select among depot maintenance strategies by applying it to the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter.
    Keywords: Technology ; Transportation Studies ; Business ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJM Management and management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV4 Management of assets: real estate, property and plant ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WG Transport: general interest::WGM Aircraft and aviation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TR Transport technology and trades::TRP Aerospace and aviation technology
    Language: English
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Whether U.S. terrorism-prevention efforts match the threat continues to be central in policy debate. Part of this debate is whether the United States needs a dedicated domestic counterterrorism intelligence agency. This book examines such an agency's possible capability, comparing its potential effectiveness with that of current efforts, and its acceptability to the public, as well as various balances and trade-offs involved.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPW Political activism / Political engagement::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: In addition to an Information and Communication Technology infrastructure, a skilled labor force and a supportive environment are necessary to the balanced development of a knowledge-based economy. Without sufficient human capital and policies in place to promote the use of adopted technologies, their full potential may not be realized. This paper uses a cross-country perspective and various economic indicators to assess the development of Gulf Cooperation Council countries in the dimensions of a knowledge economy.
    Keywords: History ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UB Information technology: general topics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJK Communications engineering / telecommunications
    Language: English
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: The more accurately a cost index captures a shipbuilder's risk, the less the Navy should have to pay its shipbuilders. The Navy uses such indexes to correct for significant cost risks outside its shipbuilders' control. A longtime material-cost index in Navy shipbuilding is the steel-vessel index, but it is outdated and volatile. The authors urge the Navy to develop a modern-vessel index that more appropriately represents the materials used today.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPV Political control & freedoms ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: A geospatial software tool-evaluation study conducted for the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) assessed 14 recent NIJ-funded tool developments. The study integrates input from tool developers and users with RAND’s independent assessments. The authors found that 12 developments resulted in fully functional tools and make five recommendations that will enable NIJ to maximize benefits to the law enforcement community from future developments.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JK Social services and welfare, criminology::JKS Social welfare and social services::JKSW Emergency services::JKSW1 Police and security services ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: This independent assessment is a comprehensive study of the strategic benefits, risks, and costs of U.S. military presence overseas. The report provides policymakers a way to evaluate the range of strategic benefits and costs that follow from revising the U.S. overseas military presence by characterizing how this presence contributes to assurance, deterrence, responsiveness, and security cooperation goals.
    Keywords: Business ; Technology ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCS Economic systems & structures ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV4 Management of real estate, property & plant ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence::JWK Defence strategy, planning & research ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Updates the policy context of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) patient safety initiative; documents the current priorities and activities undertaken; and assesses contributions of health information technology projects and dissemination actions to support adoption of evidence-based safe practices. Discusses implications for future AHRQ policy, programming, and research; suggests ways to strengthen AHRQ activities.
    Keywords: Health Sciences ; Management & Organizational Behavior ; Technology ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV2 Personnel & human resources management ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBQ Medicolegal issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBG Medical equipment & techniques::MBGR Medical research ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPQ Central government::JPQB Central government policies ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 61
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Instabile Bildformen, die aus technischen Dysfunktionen, materieller Abnutzung oder digitalen »Glitches« entstehen, werden in diesem Band als Symptome einer prozessualen Zeitlichkeit digitaler Bewegtbilder betrachtet. Deren Entwicklung wird anhand konkreter medientheoretischer Analysen nachgezeichnet, die sich mit beschädigten VHS-Kassetten, verpixelten Handyvideos, sich zersetzenden Zelluloidfilmbildern und der (post-)digitalen Ästhetik des Datamoshing auseinandersetzen. Zeitphilosophische Theoriekonzepte von Gilles Deleuze, William James und Alfred N. Whitehead erweisen sich dabei als anschlussfähig für die Reflexion digitaler Temporalität.
    Keywords: Digitale Kultur ; Zeit ; Bewegtbild ; Medienphilosophie ; Medien ; Bild ; Technik ; Digitale Medien ; Medientheorie ; Bildwissenschaft ; Medienwissenschaft ; Digital Culture ; Time ; Moving Image ; Media Philosophy ; Media ; Image ; Technology ; Digital Media ; Media Theory ; Visual Studies ; Media Studies ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies
    Language: German
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Assesses the military space challenges facing the Air Force and the nation in light of the findings and recommendations of the Space Commission. The author reviews the Air Force's involvement in space since its creation as an independent service in 1947; examines the circumstances that occasioned the commission's creation and the conceptual and organizational roadblocks that have impeded a more rapid growth of U.S. military space capability; and enumerates the challenges facing the Air Force with respect to space.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence::JWG Air forces & warfare ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TR Transport technology & trades::TRP Aerospace & aviation technology
    Language: English
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: As part of an evaluation of the Marine Corps Operational Stress Control and Readiness (OSCAR) program, this report describes the methods and findings of a large survey of marines who were preparing for a deployment to Iraq or Afghanistan in 2010 or 2011. The results are among the first to shed light on the pre-deployment mental health status of marines, as well as the social resources they draw on when coping with stress and their attitudes about seeking help for stress-related problems.
    Keywords: Health Sciences ; Technology ; Psychology ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MB Medicine: general issues::MBQ Medicolegal issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JM Psychology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Implementing risk management principles for large defense acquisition programs is a priority for the U.S. defense acquisition community. To assist decisionmakers responsible for identifying major weapons programs’ risks, RAND developed a methodology and accompanying Excel risk tool (the “Assessor Tool”). It offers an approach to the evaluation of system integration risk for assessors such as Office of the Secretary of Defense staff.
    Keywords: Technology ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: To inform debate on a new transportation bill being considered, the authors review the literature on the economic outcomes of highway infrastructure spending, which constitutes the largest share of federal spending on transportation infrastructure. They highlight the connections between highway spending and the economy and then analyze the literature to trace the effects of highway infrastructure on productivity, output, and employment.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RP Regional & area planning::RPC Urban & municipal planning ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TN Civil engineering, surveying & building::TNH Highway & traffic engineering
    Language: English
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Less than two years since the beginning of the uprising in Syria, localized protests have morphed into full-blown civil conflict, and external actors have become involved as well. RAND conducted an analytic exercise to generate a greater understanding of the parties and issues in play, including the actors, their motivations, and potential impact of their activities.
    Keywords: History ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Predictive policing is the use of analytical techniques to identify targets for police intervention with the goal of preventing crime, solving past crimes, or identifying potential offenders and victims. These tools are not a substitute for integrated approaches to policing, nor are they a crystal ball. This guide assesses some of the most promising technical tools and tactical approaches for acting on predictions in an effective way.
    Keywords: Law ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNF Data mining ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNF Criminal law: procedure and offences ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography::RGW Geographical information systems, geodata and remote sensing
    Language: English
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  • 68
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: RAND studied 89 modern insurgency cases to test conventional understanding about how insurgencies end. Findings relevant to policymakers and analysts include that modern insurgencies last about ten years; withdrawal of state support cripples insurgencies; civil defense forces are useful for both sides; pseudodemocracies fare poorly against insurgents; and governments win more often in the long run.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPF Political ideologies and movements ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City is a planned environmentally and technologically advanced city in China’s Guangzhou Development District that will host innovative industries and their workers. This report serves as an outline for a set of strategies for Knowledge City and is intended to help the developers create conditions that are conducive to innovation and the commercialization of new technologies.
    Keywords: Business ; Technology ; History ; Economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJF Asian history ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Iran is one of the United States' most important foreign policy concerns. It has also been an extraordinarily difficult country with which to engage. Ironically, while the leadership has been hostile to the United States, Iranian society has evolved in ways friendly to the United States and U.S. interests. This monograph assesses current political, ethnic, demographic, and economic trends and vulnerabilities in Iran. For example, the numbers of young people entering the Iranian labor force are at an all-time high. The authors then provide recommendations for U.S. policies that might foster trends beneficial to U.S. interests. For example, greater use of markets and a more-vibrant private sector would contribute to the development of sources of political power independent from the current regime. The authors finally note a need for patience. Even if favorable trends take root, it will take time for them to come to fruition.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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  • 71
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    Amsterdam University Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: While studies of mobile wireless communication devices usually focus on their social implications, De Vries proposes to venture into a more historical and comparative direction to shed light on our preoccupation with them in the first place. He constructs an archaeological view of the development of communication technologies over the past 200 years, providing a comprehensive account of how persistent hopes and beliefs have come to give mobile wireless media such a prominent position today. Our expectations and uses of them are surprisingly similar to those of older media; consequently, they reconfirm the idea that living in an ‘anyone, anything, anytime, anywhere’ world is both a blessing and a curse, and that the desire for sublime communication is a tragic yet highly powerful regulative principle in our media evolution.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Communication Studies ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UB Information technology: general topics
    Language: English
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  • 72
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Este ensayo etnográfico (re)interpreta la gramática de la sociedad peruana, a través de una lectura sociopolítica e histórica de las principales carreteras de alcance nacional e internacional. La carretera Interoceánica Sur y la noción de desarrollo presentes en las representaciones de la ciudadanía, la prensa y el Estado son el centro de análisis y discusión del libro. »Distopía del Desarrollo Vial« desvela en consecuencia, los argumentos discursivos usados por diferentes gobiernos para promover la construcción de megaproyectos viales poniendo en relieve la discusión moderna latinoamericana sobre redes de transporte y comunicación e integración político-cultural.
    Keywords: Carretera Interoceánica ; Investigación Cualitativa ; América Latina ; Distopía ; Desarrollo ; Representaciones Sociales ; Sur Global. Etnografía ; Madre De Dios ; Puno ; Brasil ; Technik ; Amerika ; Globalisierung ; Techniksoziologie ; Politische Soziologie ; Lateinamerika ; Soziologie ; Latin America ; Technology ; America ; Globalization ; Sociology of Technology ; Political Sociology ; Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDR Impact of science and technology on society ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTQ Globalization ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology
    Language: Spanish
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  • 73
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Is the United States in danger of losing its competitive edge in science and technology? This volume reviews the arguments surrounding this issue and contrasts them with relevant data, including trends in research and development investment; information on the size, composition, and pay of the U.S. science and engineering workforce; and domestic and international education statistics. The authors conclude with recommendations for policymakers.
    Keywords: Technology ; Management & Organizational Behavior ; Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJW Office & workplace::KJWX Working patterns & practices ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNF Educational strategies & policy ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: English
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  • 74
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    Publication Date: 2023-11-17
    Description: Leaking water infrastructures, heritage tourism, investments in artworks, failing electronics: Durability lies at the heart of a wide range of seemingly unrelated phenomena. In today's economies, which rest on ever-larger stocks of infrastructures, buildings, machinery and household goods, durable things are both a hugely significant source of wealth and a constant source of struggle. The contributors argue that a deeper engagement with durability is essential for reaching an understanding of how economies work; and for envisaging alternative economies built on principles of environmental stewardship and social justice. Placing durability at the core of economic analysis, this volume explores the work and tensions involved in the production and valuation of durability to outline a new agenda for more sustainable economies.
    Keywords: Durability ; Economy ; Circular Economy ; Obsolescence ; Repair ; Durable Goods ; Technology ; Work ; Economic Sociology ; Sociology of Technology ; Sociology of Work and Industry ; Sustainability ; Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PD Science: general issues::PDR Impact of science & technology on society ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBL Sociology: work & labour
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: To address urgent operational needs in a changing threat environment, this report examines one type of government acquisition method, called government strategic investment (GSI). Through a combination of case studies and economic modeling, this research will help government acquisition managers judge the suitability of strategic investment methods for motivating future government mission–oriented innovation by private firms.
    Keywords: Technology ; Mathematics ; Economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCH Econometrics ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UN Databases::UNA Database design & theory ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PB Mathematics::PBU Optimization::PBUD Game theory ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: For over 50 years, the Army has tried to develop and field survivable, lethal infantry fighting vehicles (IFVs). The Ground Combat Vehicle is an attempt to provide the infantry with an IFV that can carry a full infantry squad of nine men capable of dismounting under fire and defeating the enemy in complex terrain.
    Keywords: Technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: RAND Project AIR FORCE identified key conditions to aid the success of business transformation enabled by enterprise resource planning systems, challenges the Air Force must address to achieve them, and options for overcoming these challenges.
    Keywords: Technology ; Business ; Management & Organizational Behavior ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJC Business strategy ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJU Organizational theory & behaviour ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 78
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In der musikalischen Aufführungspraxis ist es normalerweise der Mensch, der das Tempo erzeugt. Innerlich ein Tempo zu etablieren und es an das der mitmusizierenden Personen anzugleichen, ist eine grundlegende musikalische Fähigkeit. Was bedeutet es also, wenn das Tempo von einem technischen System vorgegeben wird? Philippe Kocher unterzieht diese besondere Art der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion einer musikgeschichtlichen, technikgeschichtlichen und medienarchäologischen Betrachtung. Darüber hinaus entwickelt er innerhalb seiner wissenschaftlich-künstlerischen Studie ein eigenes System zur technikgestützten Tempovermittlung und beschreibt dessen Einsatz in der Praxis.
    Keywords: Musik ; Technik ; Zeit ; Metronom ; Click-Track ; Musiktechnologie ; Tempopolyphonie ; Aufführungspraxis ; Dirigat ; Geschwindigkeit ; Musikwissenschaft ; Musikgeschichte ; Klang ; Music ; Technology ; Time ; Metronome ; Music Technology ; Tempo Polyphony ; Performance Practice ; Speed ; Musicology ; Music History ; Sound ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AV Music::AVA Theory of music and musicology ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AV Music::AVL Music: styles and genres::AVLA Art music, orchestral and formal music
    Language: German
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The authors explore defense contractor motivations and identify mechanisms that might more closely align those incentives with Department of Defense goals. They also analyze major defense acquisition programs to determine if it is possible to identify programs that might incur a future Nunn-McCurdy breach by reviewing a number of acquisition programs that have incurred breaches and analyzing them for common characteristics.
    Keywords: Technology ; History ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPV Political control and freedoms ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: The organic defense acquisition workforce oversees defense acquisition programs from start to finish. RAND has been providing ongoing analysis of the workforce. This volume documents revisions to methods summarized in an earlier report, describes the workforce through fiscal year 2011, and provides a user’s manual for a model for projecting workforce needs through 2021 under different assumptions about the future.
    Keywords: Technology ; History ; Management & Organizational Behavior ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV2 Personnel & human resources management ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UN Databases::UNA Database design & theory ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence::JWK Defence strategy, planning & research
    Language: English
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Batteries are a ubiquitous presence in equipment carried by soldiers. These batteries are acquired through a supply chain driven by commercial applications and predominately based in Asia. RAND found that government and industry representatives of military battery suppliers have concerns associated with this foreign-dependent supply chain. The report discusses alternative policy options to address these concerns.
    Keywords: Management & Organizational Behavior ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV5 Production & quality control management ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 82
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: A key finding of previous RAND research on insurgencies worldwide since World War II was that an overall score on a scorecard of 15 equally weighted good and 11 equally weighted bad counterinsurgency factors and practices distinguished conflicts’ historical outcomes. Using the scorecard approach and an expert elicitation exercise, a RAND study sought to extend the findings to the case of Afghanistan in 2015.
    Keywords: Technology ; Political Science ; History ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UN Databases::UNA Database design and theory ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPW Political activism / Political engagement::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 83
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    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Von Technik und Ästhetik zu sprechen, heißt, sich bereits begrifflich auf ein Feld einzulassen, das mindestens zwei divergente Perspektiven gemeinsam denkt. Dabei haben das Technische wie das Ästhetische die Bedeutung einer Interdependenz aufzuweisen: Das Technische konstituiert einerseits Funktionen, Formen und Gebrauchsaspekte - ästhetische Zustände evozieren andererseits zeichenhafte Realisierungen, phantasmatische Urteile und wahrnehmungsvermittelte Phänomene des Erscheinens. Die Beiträger*innen des Bandes zeigen, wie bei der Konfrontation von Technik und Ästhetik eine Art Verkopplung und intrinsische Dynamik qua techno-ästhetischer Evokation entstehen kann.
    Keywords: Technik ; Ästhetik ; Interdependenz ; Funktionalität ; Semiotik ; Technikphilosophie ; Medienästhetik ; Kommunikationstheorie ; Maschinenkunst ; Designgeschichte ; Medien ; Medientheorie ; Design ; Medienwissenschaft ; Technology ; Aesthetics ; Semiotics ; Philosophy of Technology ; Media Aesthetics ; Communication Theory ; Design History ; Media ; Media Theory ; Media Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTN Philosophy: aesthetics
    Language: German
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: The current strategic airlift fleet will be reaching the end of its service life in the next few decades, which has raised concerns about the cost and possible budget spike that would result from the need to recapitalize that fleet. This monograph presents the results of a cost-effectiveness analysis to determine the best way to recapitalize the USAF intertheater (strategic) airlift fleet.
    Keywords: History ; Technology ; Economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence::JWG Air forces & warfare ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: The Inspector General of the Air Force (SAF/IG) is leading an Air Force–wide effort to reduce the burden of Air Force inspection activities while also improving the quality of oversight the inspection system provides. In 2010, SAF/IG asked RAND Project AIR FORCE to join in this effort. This report presents primary data RAND collected on the Air Force inspection system and identifies effective inspection and information collection practices that the Air Force might emulate.
    Keywords: Technology ; Management & Organizational Behavior ; History ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence::JWK Defence strategy, planning & research ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: This report characterizes the diffusion of use of electronic health records (EHRs). The author uses interviews and surveys and a literature review to investigate whether healthcare is expected to duplicate the gains enabled by information technology seen in several prominent industries. To accomplish this, the following questions are asked: What is the current diffusion of health information technology? How does EHR diffusion compare to innovations in other industries? What is such diffusion worth to society? What should the government do, if anything, to speed the adoption of EHRs?
    Keywords: Technology ; Health Sciences ; Management & Organizational Behavior ; Business ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV3 Knowledge management ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJW Office & workplace::KJWX Working patterns & practices ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBQ Medicolegal issues
    Language: English
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: This study draws lessons regarding technological countermeasures to radioactive contamination caused by the Fukushima Dai-Ichi nuclear power plant accident. It focuses on contamination measurement, efforts to limit dispersal, decontamination, and storage of radioactive materials. The report analyzes technological successes and identifies capability gaps that could be redressed through novel technologies or improved use of existing technologies.
    Keywords: Business ; History ; Sociology ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNB Energy industries & utilities ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJF Asian history ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFC Social impact of disasters ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Every uniformed service member must complete general military training requirements prescribed by his or her service and the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). DoD wants to reduce cyclic mandatory training requirements, reducing the training burden on the services and making the most of available training time. This report examines mandatory training requirements and options to standardize requirements and reduce the training burden.
    Keywords: Business ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV2 Personnel & human resources management ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This overview aims to inform the public discussion of space-based weapons by examining their characteristics, potential attributes, limitations, legality, and utility. The authors do not argue for or against space weapons, nor do they estimate the potential costs and performance of specific programs, but instead sort through the realities and myths surrounding space weapons in order to ensure that debates and discussions are based on fact.
    Keywords: Technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 90
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: How do artificial neural networks and other forms of artificial intelligence interfere with methods and practices in the sciences? Which interdisciplinary epistemological challenges arise when we think about the use of AI beyond its dependency on big data? Not only the natural sciences, but also the social sciences and the humanities seem to be increasingly affected by current approaches of subsymbolic AI, which master problems of quality (fuzziness, uncertainty) in a hitherto unknown way. But what are the conditions, implications, and effects of these (potential) epistemic transformations and how must research on AI be configured to address them adequately?
    Keywords: AI ; Machine Learning ; Artificial Neural Networks ; Subsymbolic AI ; Research on Research ; Digitalization ; Technology ; Digital Media ; Sociology of Media ; Sociology of Science ; Computer Sciences ; Media Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCT Media studies ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDR Impact of science and technology on society
    Language: English
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Most environmental analyses focus on changing existing processes to use less energy and produce fewer emissions. This report uses energy service analysis (ESA) to examine possibilities for instead changing how a service is delivered. The ESA framework is used to analyze how changes in the provision of two services—news delivery and personal mobility—might reduce greenhouse-gas emissions and suggests other areas in which ESA could be applied.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Physics ; Technology ; Transportation Studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology & climatology ; bic Book Industry Communication::W Lifestyle, sport & leisure::WG Transport: general interest::WGC Road & motor vehicles: general interest::WGCF Buses, trams & commercial vehicles: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WG Transport: general interest::WGC Road and motor vehicles: general interest::WGCF Buses, trams and commercial vehicles: general interest
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Implementing risk management principles for large defense acquisition programs is a priority for the U.S. defense acquisition community. To assist decisionmakers responsible for identifying major weapons programs’ risks, RAND developed a methodology, an Excel risk tool (the “Assessor Tool”), and this users’ manual. The tool offers an approach to the evaluation of system integration risk for defense staff assessors.
    Keywords: Technology ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Armed drones are making the headlines, especially in their role in targeted killings. RAND researchers examined whether these weapons are transformative, how dangerous their proliferation will be, and whether U.S. use of them can shape a broader set of international norms that discourage their misuse by others.
    Keywords: History ; Technology ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWK Military and defence strategy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSF Arms negotiation and control ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: U.S. communities depend on reliable, safe, and secure rail systems. Each weekday, more than 12 million passengers take to U.S. railways. This book explains a framework for security planners and policymakers to guide cost-effective rail-security planning, specifically for the risk of terrorism. Risk is a function of threat, vulnerability, and consequences. This book focuses on addressing vulnerabilities and limiting consequences.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Transportation Studies ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPW Political activism::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::W Lifestyle, sport & leisure::WG Transport: general interest
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  • 95
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: This study explores the nature of the insurgency in Afghanistan, the key challenges and successes of the U.S.-led counterinsurgency campaign, and the capabilities necessary to wage effective counterinsurgency operations. By examining the key lessons from all insurgencies since World War II, it finds that most policymakers repeatedly underestimate the importance of indigenous actors to counterinsurgency efforts. The U.S. should focus its resources on helping improve the capacity of the indigenous government and indigenous security forces to wage counterinsurgency. It has not always done this well. The U.S. military-along with U.S. civilian agencies and other coalition partners-is more likely to be successful in counterinsurgency warfare the more capable and legitimate the indigenous security forces (especially the police), the better the governance capacity of the local state, and the less external support that insurgents receive.
    Keywords: Technology ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This report analyzes costs and savings of joint aircraft acquisition programs, whether historical joint aircraft programs have saved Life Cycle Cost (LCC) over single-service programs, whether the Joint Strike Fighter is on track to achieving the originally anticipated LCC savings, and the implications of joint fighter programs for the industrial base and for operational and strategic risk.
    Keywords: Transportation Studies ; Technology ; History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWC Military forces and sectors::JWCM Air forces and warfare ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WG Transport: general interest::WGM Aircraft and aviation
    Language: English
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  • 97
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: All terrorist groups eventually end. But how do they end? The evidence since 1968 indicates that most groups have ended because (1) they joined the political process (43 percent) or (2) local police and intelligence agencies arrested or killed key members (40 percent). Military force has rarely been the primary reason for the end of terrorist groups, and few groups within this time frame have achieved victory. This has significant implications for dealing with al Qa?ida and suggests fundamentally rethinking post-9/11 U.S. counterterrorism strategy: Policymakers need to understand where to prioritize their efforts with limited resources and attention. The authors report that religious terrorist groups take longer to eliminate than other groups and rarely achieve their objectives. The largest groups achieve their goals more often and last longer than the smallest ones do. Finally, groups from upper-income countries are more likely to be left-wing or nationalist and less likely to have religion as their motivation. The authors conclude that policing and intelligence, rather than military force, should form the backbone of U.S. efforts against al Qa?ida. And U.S. policymakers should end the use of the phrase ?war on terrorism? since there is no battlefield solution to defeating al Qa?ida.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: In the months after the contested Iranian presidential election in June 2009, Iranians spoke out about the election using Twitter--a social media service that allows users to send short text messages, called tweets, with relative anonymity. This research analyzed more than 2.5 million tweets discussing the Iran election that were sent in the nine months following it, drawing insights into Iranian public and mood in the post-election period.
    Keywords: Political Science ; History ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UB Information technology: general topics ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations
    Language: English
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  • 99
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    RAND Corporation
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Like Israel in 2006, the United States today is likely ill prepared for hybrid warfare. To identify lessons that the U.S. military might learn from the Israeli experience in Lebanon, the author examines the state of the Israeli military before the Second Lebanon War, the lessons it learned during that conflict, the reforms it undertook to address its deficiencies, and how it fared during Operation Cast Lead three years later.
    Keywords: Technology ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWC Military forces and sectors::JWCM Air forces and warfare ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This primer presents some promising and innovative mileage fee system designs and transition strategies. For states or localities that are considering a transition to mileage fees, awareness of these strategies can help determine whether shifting from fuel taxes to mileage fees merits further consideration. For jurisdictions already engaged in detailed assessments of mileage fees, these concepts can help reduce costs and build public support.
    Keywords: Transportation Studies ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNH Highway and traffic engineering ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WG Transport: general interest::WGC Road and motor vehicles: general interest::WGCF Buses, trams and commercial vehicles: general interest
    Language: English
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