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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Nutrient enrichment in water and sediments due to excessive anthropogenic activities in recent years has caused excessive algal growth in the Caspian Sea. The current study was conducted to determine the abundance of phytoplankton community, the dominant species and chlorophyll-a [Chl-a] concentration during algal blooms in the Iranian coastal waters of Caspian Sea through four seasons from 2013 to 2014. The minimum and maximum phytoplankton abundance recorded were 73±31 and 505±55 million cells m-3 in summer and winter, respectively. The median concentration of Chl-a increased to 5.81 mg m -3 in autumn, as compared to the annual median value (2.43 mg m -3 ). The results indicated that the bloom started in autumn and it continued falling with a low concentration during winter (Chl-a: 2.59 mg m-3 ). The three species Stephanodiscus socialis, Binuclearia lauterbornii and Thalassionema nitzschioides were classified in medium bloom class (100-1000 million cells m-3 ) in spring, summer and autumn, respectively. While in winter Pseudonitzschia seriata (harmful species) and Dactyliosolen fragilissima were classified in medium bloom class with high relative frequency. The scaling of bloom abundance revealed that bloom initiation coincided with 10 million cells m^-3 of the dominant phytoplankton species. The bloom at the regions with more than 100 million cells m^-3 of total phytoplankton abundance and dominant species was overlapped with the bloom regions based on Chl-a concentration.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Chlorophyll-a ; Dactyliosolen fragilissima ; Pseudonitzschia seriata ; Thalassionema nitzschioides ; Binuclearia lauterbornii ; Stephanodiscus socialis ; Phytoplankton ; Bloom ; Scale characteristics ; Abundance
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.124-139
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This study focused on identification, phytoplankton structure and abundance in the Eynak wetland in 2017. Based on the condition of wetland, the samples were collected at 4 stations in the water body. This study identified 30 phytoplankton taxa comprised of Diatoms (9 genus), Chlorophyta (7 genus), Cyanophyta (9 genus), Dinoflagellata (2 genus) and Euglenophyta (3 genus) in the lake. The finding showed, the Cyanophyta abundance dominated (94 %) with average of 31300000 ± 21400000 cells.l^-1 in the Eynak wetland. The Cyanophyta Oscillatoria sp. was toxin which had been the highest abundance almost 28200 000 cells.l^-1 in the wetland. The lowest abundance was comprised of Euglenophyta almost 303000±48000 cells.l-1 during the study. Furthermore, there were the Euglenophyta Lepocinlis sp. and Euglena sp. in the wetland, which are water polluted index. The finding showed, decline of phytoplankton abundance at the Eichhornia crassipes stations and the abundance received from almost 1700000 to 5800 0000 cells.l-1 at the stations of without E. crassipes. The increase in E. crassipes is reason of photosynthesis decries and phytoplankton abundance in the wetland which no control of E. crassipes, would be more negative impact in the Eynak wetland. The decrease of nutrients level and biological, chemical and mechanical control on E. crassipes are important for resuscitation of the ecosystem.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Eichhornia crassipes ; Phytoplankton ; Abundance
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.93-103
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: La vida en el mar depende de la disponibilidad de luz para la fotosíntesis. Desde la 'bio-óptica' se intenta comprender cómo la intensidad y la distribución espectral de la luz son atenuadas debido a la dispersión y absorción en el medio acuático a causa de la presencia de los componentes ópticamente activos (COA), es decir, el agua misma, el fitoplancton (PHY), el material orgánico coloreado disuelto (CDOM) y el material particulado no algal (NAP). Las denominadas 'propiedades ópticas inherentes' (IOPs) son cantidades que caracterizan cómo la luz es absorbida o dispersada por los COA, convirtiéndose en importantes descriptores del medio acuático. A su vez, las IOPs junto con las condiciones de iluminación determinan el color del mar, el cual puede ser sensado remotamente y traducido mediante algoritmos satelitales en magnitudes biogeoquímicas de interés como la concentración de clorofila a ([Cla]). No obstante, la concentración de los COA y por ende las IOPs varían regional y estacionalmente; conocer esta variabilidad resulta fundamental para poder utilizar la bio-óptica y el sensoramiento remoto para monitorear el ambiente marino y desarrollar algoritmos satelitales con rigor científico. En este sentido, las series temporales de observaciones oceánicas son la base de la compresión de los procesos oceánicos y permiten evidenciar cambios que ocurren en grandes escalas de tiempo. El objetivo general de esta tesis fue entender la dinámica de las propiedades bio-ópticas en la serie temporal Estación Permanente de Estudios Ambientales (EPEA), ubicada en la costa bonaerense (frente a Mar del Plata) del Mar Argentino. Se armó una base de datos de variables bio-ópticas (más de 700 espectros de absorción) correspondientes al periodo 2000-2016. Se puso a punto el método de determinación empírica del coeficiente de absorción espectral del CDOM demostrándose estadísticamente que existen por lo menos dos formas espectrales , se modelaron con un modelo de regresión segmentada (SRM). Se describió la variabilidad de las IOPs y de condiciones ambientales de la serie EPEA. El ciclo estacional aparece como la alternancia de un período frío con la columna de agua mezclada a un período más cálido - estratificado. La mayor variabilidad interanual se observa en los meses de primavera - verano, sugiriendo que estos meses son diferentes de un año a otro según el grado de estratificación de la columna de agua, lo cual se manifiesta en la [Cla] y en las IOPs. El ciclo anual de la [Cla] superficial tiene su máximo en invierno (? 1.25 mgm-3), al igual que el de la absorción de luz por el NAP; en cambio la absorción de luz por el fitoplancton es relativamente invariable a lo largo del año. Se validaron los algoritmos operacionales de NASA para estimar [Cla] y las IOPs para los sensores SeaWiFS y MODIS-Aqua. SeaWiFS presenta mayor sesgo que MODIS, el sesgo de estos algoritmos empíricos es mayor en verano que en invierno. En cambio, el algoritmo semi-analítico GIOP en su configuración estándar no fue útil para estimar las IOPs en la EPEA.
    Description: PhD
    Description: Tesis (doctorado)
    Keywords: Imágenes satelitales ; Propiedades ópticas ; Sensoramiento remoto ; Fitoplancton ; Producción primaria ; Oceanografía ; Análisis de series de tiempo ; Modelado ; Procesamiento de datos ; Aguas costeras ; Modelos matemáticos ; Ambiente marino ; Monitoreo ambiental ; Satellite sensing ; Optical properties ; Remote sensing ; Phytoplankton ; Primary production ; Oceanography ; Time series analysis ; Modelling ; Data processing ; Coastal waters ; Mathematical models ; Marine environment ; Environmental monitoring
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Thesis/Dissertation
    Format: 131pp.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: El florecimiento de microalgas (fitoplancton) que a menudo pueden ser tóxicas puede aumentar con los efectos del cambio climático. En el presente trabajo se analizaron los datos recogidos del fitoplancton en el período 2005-2015 para evaluar su impacto en la dinámica de las especies de las sardinas (Sardinella maderensis y Sardinella aurita). La comunidad de fitoplancton está dominada por el grupo de las diatomeas, en la superficie que coincide con las áreas de agregación de la sardina durante el día. A pesar del predominio de diatomeas los años más fríos de la costa registraran el aumento de la proporción de los dinoflagelados. Las floraciones masivas de dinoflagelados producen en la estación fría o transición del dos temporadas del año dominadas por especies Tripos furca y Prorocentrum micans. En los años más fríos se produjo un aumento en la proporción de dinoflagelados y las especies de la sardina tiene un factor de baja condición.
    Description: Microalgae blooming (phytoplankton) that often can be toxic could increase with the effects of climatic change. In this work, data picked up from phytoplankton in the 2005-2015 period were analyzed to evaluate their impact in the dynamics of the sardine species (Sardinella maderensis and Sardinella aura). Phytoplankton community is dominated by the diatom group, in the surface that coincides with sardine aggregation areas during the day. In spite of the diatom prevalence, the coldest years in the coast registered an increase in dinoflagellate proportion. Massive dinoflagellate blooming takes place in the cold station or the yearly twoseason transition dominated by Tripos furca and Prorocentrum micans species. An increase took place in dinoflagellate proportion in the coldest years and the sardine species have a low condition factor.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Variabilidad ; Dinámica ; Temperatura ; Fitoplancton ; Diatomeas ; Dynamics ; Variability ; Temperature ; Phytoplankton ; Diatoms
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.9-12
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The effect of the oceanographic components on the abundance, diversity and richness of plankton species in surface waters was determined, ten miles off the coast of Esmeraldas, Puerto López and Salinas. The period of study was 2004 - 2012 and in the processing of data, analysis of principal components and canonical correspondence was applied. Significant latitudinal variation (P 〈0.05), sea surface temperature, silicates, nitrates, phytoplankton and zooplankton were detected, observing in the first two, a gradient of descent from north to south, and in the last three from south to north. The remains of variables showed no difference. The temperature influenced the phytoplankton very little, but it was important for the zooplankton. Nutrients were available in the ranges for phytoplankton development. Regarding the interrelations between variables, Nitzschia longissima and Cylindrotheca closterium were found to be associated with nitrate and silicate (Puerto López and Salinas), Hemiaulus hauckii at temperature (Esmeraldas and Puerto López) and Oncaea. cleveis at dissolved oxygen (Puerto López and Salinas). The temporal dynamics of the plankton show to be linked to the variations of temperature and nutrient concentrations
    Description: Se determinó el efecto de los componentes oceanográficos en la abundancia, diversidad, riqueza de especies de plancton en aguas superficiales, a diez millas frente a la costa de Esmeraldas, Puerto López y Salinas. El periodo de estudio fue 2004 - 2012 y en el procesamiento de datos se aplicó análisis de componentes principales y correspondencia canónica. Se detectó variación latitudinal significativa (P〈0.05), de la temperatura superficial del mar, silicatos, nitratos, fitoplancton y zooplancton, observándose en los dos primeros, un gradiente de descenso de norte a sur, y en los tres últimos de sur a norte. Los restos de variables no mostraron diferencia alguna. La temperatura influyo muy poco en el fitoplancton, pero fue importante para el zooplancton. Los nutrientes estuvieron disponibles en los rangos para el desarrollo del fitoplancton. Respecto a las interrelaciones entre variables, se observó a Nitzschia longissima y Cylindrotheca closterium asociadas al nitrato y silicato (Puerto López y Salinas), Hemiaulus hauckii a la temperatura (Esmeraldas y Puerto López) y Oncaea cleveis al oxígeno disuelto (Puerto López y Salinas). La dinámica temporal del plancton muestra estar ligada a las variaciones de temperatura y concentraciones de nutrientes
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Zooplankton ; Phytoplankton ; Species diversity ; Variability ; nutrients (mineral)
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Not Known
    Format: pp.15-34
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se determinó el efecto de los componentes oceanográficos en la abundancia, diversidad, riqueza de especies de plancton en aguas superficiales, a diez millas frente a la costa de Esmeraldas, Puerto López y Salinas. El periodo de estudio fue 2004 - 2012 y en el procesamiento de datos se aplicó análisis de componentes principales y correspondencia canónica. Se detectó variación latitudinal significativa (P〈0.05), de la temperatura superficial del mar, silicatos, nitratos, fitoplancton y zooplancton, observándose en los dos primeros, un gradiente de descenso de norte a sur, y en los tres últimos de sur a norte. Los restos de variables no mostraron diferencia alguna. La temperatura influyo muy poco en el fitoplancton, pero fue importante para el zooplancton. Los nutrientes estuvieron disponibles en los rangos para el desarrollo del fitoplancton. Respecto a las interrelaciones entre variables, se observó a Nitzschia longissima y Cylindrotheca closterium asociadas al nitrato y silicato (Puerto López y Salinas), Hemiaulus hauckii a la temperatura (Esmeraldas y Puerto López) y Oncaea. cleveis al oxígeno disuelto (Puerto López y Salinas). La dinámica temporal del plancton muestra estar ligada a las variaciones de temperatura y concentraciones de nutrientes.
    Description: The effect of the oceanographic components on the abundance, diversity and richness of plankton species in surface waters was determined, ten miles off the coast of Esmeraldas, Puerto López and Salinas. The period of study was 2004 - 2012 and in the processing of data, analysis of principal components and canonical correspondence was applied. Significant latitudinal variation (P 〈0.05), sea surface temperature, silicates, nitrates, phytoplankton and zooplankton were detected, observing in the first two, a gradient of descent from north to south, and in the last three from south to north. The remains of variables showed no difference. The temperature influenced the phytoplankton very little, but it was important for the zooplankton. Nutrients were available in the ranges for phytoplankton development. Regarding the interrelations between variables, Nitzschia longissima and Cylindrotheca closterium were found to be associated with nitrate and silicate (Puerto López and Salinas), Hemiaulus hauckii at temperature (Esmeraldas and Puerto López) and Oncaea. cleveis at dissolved oxygen (Puerto López and Salinas). The temporal dynamics of the plankton show to be linked to the variations of temperature and nutrient concentrations.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Species diversity ; Variability ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Zooplankton
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.15-34
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  • 7
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    Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Oceanographic Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution February 2019.
    Description: Marine microbes are key drivers of biogeochemical transformations within the world’s oceans. Although seawater appears uniform at scales that humans often interact with and sample, the world that marine microbes inhabit can be highly heterogeneous, with numerous biological and physical processes giving rise to resource hotspots where nutrient concentrations exceed background levels by orders of magnitude. While the impact of this microscale heterogeneity has been investigated in the laboratory with microbial isolates and theoretical models, microbial ecologists have lacked adequate tools to interrogate microscale processes directly in the natural environment. Within this thesis I introduce three new technologies that enable interrogation of microbial processes at the microscale in natural marine communities. The IFCB-Sorter acquires images and sorts individual phytoplankton cells, directly from seawater, allowing studies exploring connections between the diversity of forms present in the plankton and genetic variability at the single-cell level. The In Situ Chemotaxis Assay (ISCA) is a field-going microfluidic device designed to probe the distribution and role of motility behavior among microbes in aquatic environments. By creating microscale hotspots that simulate naturally occurring ones, the ISCA makes it possible to examine the role of microbial chemotaxis in resource acquisition, phytoplankton-bacteria interactions, and host-symbiont systems. Finally, the Millifluidic In Situ Enrichment (MISE) is an instrument that enables the study of rapid shifts in gene expression that permit microbial communities to exploit chemical hotspots in the ocean. The MISE subjects natural microbial communities to a chemical amendment and preserves their RNA in a minute-scale time series. Leveraging an array of milliliter-volume wells, the MISE allows comparison of community gene expression in response to a chemical stimulus to that of a control, enabling elucidation of the strategies employed by marine microbes to survive and thrive in fluctuating environments. Together, this suite of instruments enables culture-independent examination of microbial life at the microscale and will empower microbial ecologists to develop a more holistic understanding of how interactions at the scale of individual microbes impact processes in marine ecosystems at a global scale.
    Description: I’d like to thank the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the National Science Foundation, and NSERC for funding portions of my research.
    Description: I’d like to thank the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the National Science Foundation, and NSERC for funding portions of my research.
    Keywords: Microorganisms ; Bacteria ; Marine ecology ; Scientific apparatus and instruments ; Plankton ; Plankton--Growth ; Phytoplankton ; Chemical oceanography ; Antarctic Ocean
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Thesis
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Sumithion is an organophosphorous pesticide widely used to control tiger bugs in fish larval rearing pond. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of sumithion on plankton population abundance in aquaculture pond. The experiment was carried out with three treatments, i.e. ponds with no sumithion (T1), ponds with 1.0 ppm sumithion (T2) and those with 2.0 ppm sumithion (T3). The water quality parameters, such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and total alkalinity were almost unchanged throughout the study period whereas transparency, NO_3-N and PO_4-P values declined with an increase in sumithion concentrations but differences were not significant (p〈0.05). No distinct changes were observed in population densities of phytoplankton (x cells L ^-1 ). On the other hand, the zooplankton population densities (x Ind L ^-1 ) significantly (p〈0.05) decreased with toxicity of sumithion after 30 days up to the end of experimental period in both T2 and T3 compared to the control group (T1). The ranges of pH, organic carbon (%), available phosphorus (ppm) and total nitrogen (%) of pond bottom-sediment did not differ irrespective of the treatments. This study demonstrated that sumithion has adverse effects on zooplankton which may influence the production in aquaculture pond.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Organophosphorous pesticide ; Water quality ; Parameters ; Sediment ; Environment ; Plankton ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Aquaculture ; Ponds ; Growth
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.307-318
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  • 9
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    Azov Sea Research Fisheries Institute (AzNIIRKH) | Rostov-on-Don, Russia
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The paper presents a long-term analysis of the seasonal dynamics of the formation of the oxygen regime in the North-Eastern part of the Black Sea for the period of 1996–2017. The studies were conducted in the deep and coastal areas in vertical sections. It is shown that in the early spring period the oxygen saturation of the deep and coastal waters of the Black Sea was relatively low. At deep-water stations, the absence of thermocline can lead to the formation of oxycline in the center of the cyclone vortex at depths up to 60 m. In spring, in the coastal and deep water areas, the photosynthesis layer is always above the thermocline at depths of up to 20 m with higher oxygen saturation in the coastal zone of the sea. In summer, phytoplankton biomass reaches its maximum in the deep and coastal waters of the Black Sea, the depth of the thermocline increases, the power of the photosynthetic layer is located above the thermocline and can reach 50 m. In the early-autumn period of the year, the lowering of deep waters was noted at the coastal and deep-water stations, the depth of thermocline reaches its maximum, and the intensity of photosynthesis, the most pronounced in the surface horizon, decreases. In the coastal part of the North-Eastern Black Sea, the influence of water circulation is observed on the horizons of more than 40 m with the release of deep oxygen-poor waters in the dynamic area of Anapa–Novorossiysk–Gelendzhik.
    Description: В работе проведен многолетний анализ сезонной динамики формирования кислородного режима в северо-восточной части Черного моря за период 1996–2017 гг. Исследования были проведены на глубоководной и прибрежной акваториях по вертикальным разрезам. Показано, что в ранне-весенний период отмечено относительно невысокое насыщение воды кислородом на глубоководной и прибрежной акваториях Черного моря. На глубоководных станциях отсутствие термоклина может приводить к формированию оксиклина в центре циклонического вихря на глубинах до 60 м. В весенний период в прибрежной и глубоководной акваториях слой фотосинтеза располагается всегда над термоклином на глубинах до 20 м с более высоким насыщением воды кислородом в прибрежной зоне моря. В летний период года на глубоководной и прибрежной акваториях Черного моря биомассы фитопланктона достигают максимума, глубина залегания термоклина увеличивается, мощность фотосинтетического слоя располагается над термоклином и может достигать 50 м. В ранне-осенний период года на прибрежных и глубоководных станциях отмечено опускание глубинных вод, максимальное заглубление термоклина и снижение интенсивности фотосинтеза, наиболее выраженное в поверхностном горизонте. В прибрежной части северо-восточной акватории Черного моря влияние циркуляции вод прослеживается на горизонтах более 40 м с выходом глубинных обедненных кислородом вод в динамичном районе Анапа–Новороссийск–Геленджик.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Long-term records ; Seasonal variations ; Oxygen depletion ; Phytoplankton ; Biomass ; Water circulation ; Thermocline ; Насыщение воды кислородом ; Сезонная динамика ; Термоклин ; Глубоководные станции ; Прибрежная зона
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Conference Material , Non Refereed
    Format: pp.312-317
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The variability of quantitative and qualitative parameters of phytoplankton communities in different parts of Lower Don was considered. It is shown that the characteristic feature of the development of phytoplankton for long period (1981–2011) was high variability of quantitative indicators, suggesting an unstable state of the community. In the phytoplankton species composition, from 7 to 82 species was recorded; the dominant ones were diatoms and green algae. Anthropogenic pressure on ecosystems in the lower reaches of the River Don can cause both eutrophic and toxic response from the community, accompanied by structural changes.
    Description: Рассмотрена изменчивость количественных и качественных показателей развития фитопланктонных сообществ на различных участках Нижнего Дона. Показано, что характерной чертой развития фитопланктона за многолетний период (1981–2011 гг.) является высокая изменчивость количественных показателей, что говорит о неустойчивом состоянии сообщества. В составе фитопланктона фиксировалось от 7 до 82 видов, доминирующий комплекс составляли диатомовые и зеленые водоросли. Антропогенное воздействие на экосистемы в нижнем течении р. Дон может вызывать как эвтрофирующий, так и токсичный отклик сообщества, сопровождаемый структурными преобразованиями.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Aquatic communities ; Phytoplankton ; Species composition ; Toxicity ; Dominant species ; Фитопланктон ; Токсичность ; Водные сообщества ; Видовое разнообразие ; Антропогенное влияние
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Conference Material , Non Refereed
    Format: pp.352-356
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The Veselovskoe reservoir is among the most productive reservoirs of the Manych Cascade. Sharp changes in the hydrological and hydrochemical conditions of aquatic animals' habitat have been typical for the reservoir since its formation. During the intensive succession processes taking place in the reservoir, a restructuring of the plankton and benthos communities was observed accompanied by significant fluctuations in their quantitative indicators. In 2016, there were conducted complex hydrological and biological studies of the reservoir in order to assess the structure of phytoplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthos at the present stage. The western part of the reservoir as the most productive was studied in the autumn by applying standard techniques. According to the data obtained, the phytoplankton abundance averaged 198.1 mln cells/m3, and their biomass constituted 149.1 mg/m3 in the region under discussion, with diatoms and cryptophytes dominating in the phytoplankton community. The abundance of zooplankton averaged 15,298 ind./m3, and its biomass was 42.3 mg/m3. Rotifers dominated in the zooplankton by number, while cladocera and copepods played a key role in the biomass. The zoobenthos number and biomass amounted, respectively, to 3,141 ind./m2 and 7.4 g/m2, the basis of the benthic fauna of the reservoir was formed by oligochaetes and chironomids, whose abundance was predominant, as well as by mollusks that predominated in biomass. Studies of recent decades have revealed a decrease in the phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass in the Veselovsky reservoir. After the successful acclimatization of benthic invertebrates of the Caspian estuary complex and the penetration into the reservoir and development of invasive species, primarily the Dreissena, the abundance and biomass of the bottom community have stabilized and are maintained at a high level due to the malacofauna development.
    Description: Веселовское водохранилище – одно из наиболее продуктивных среди водохранилищ Манычского каскада. С момента образования водоем характеризовался резкой сменой гидрологических и гидрохимических условий обитания гидробионтов. В ходе интенсивно протекавших сукцессионных процессов перестройка структуры планктонных и бентосных сообществ водохранилища сопровождалась значительными флуктуациями их количественных показателей. В 2016 г. на водоеме проведены комплексные гидробиологические исследования с целью оценить структуру фитопланктона, зоопланктона и зообентоса на современном этапе. Работы на водном объекте проводились с использованием стандартных методик в осенний период в наиболее продуктивной – западной – части водохранилища. Согласно полученным данным в среднем по району работ численность фитопланктона составила 198,1 млн кл./м3, биомасса – 149,1 мг/м3, в роли доминантов сообщества фитопланктона отмечены диатомовые и криптофитовые водоросли. Численность зоопланктона достигала 15 298 экз./м3, биомасса – 42,3 мг/м3. В зоопланктоне по численности доминировали коловратки, по биомассе ключевую роль играли кладоцеры и копеподы. Показатели обилия зообентоса в среднем составили 3 141 экз./м2 и 7,4 г/м2, основу бентофауны водоема по численности формировали малощетинковые черви и хирономиды, по биомассе доминировали моллюски. Исследования последних десятилетий указывают на снижение биомассы фитопланктона и зоопланктона Веселовского водохранилища. В донных сообществах после роста количественных характеристик, связанного с акклиматизацией беспозвоночных каспийского лиманного комплекса, а также проникновением и развитием видов вселенцев, в первую очередь – дрейссены, численность и биомасса стабилизировались и сохраняются на высоком уровне за счет развития малакофауны.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Zoobenthos ; Fish food base ; Фитопланктон ; Зоопланктон ; Зообентос ; Кормовая база рыб ; Biomass ; Dominant species ; Биомасса ; Доминантные виды
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.234-242
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In order to reveal the role of fouling organisms of marine stationary platforms (MSP), situated in the North Western shelf of the Black Sea (Ukraine) used by industrial enterprise 'Chernomorneftegas' for gas extraction on the ecosystem of water area, YugNIRO expedition carried out works for assessment of their filtration ability and the role in changing of aggregate state of suspended in water elements in May 1992. The studies demonstrated that biocenosis of fouling organisms on marine stationary platforms consisted of a Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis), mytilaster (Mytilaster lineatus), cirripedia (Balanus improvisus), ascidian (Ciona intestinalis), Gammaridae, and sponges. Mussels were located in the examined horizons while all the other species were found only in the upper 15-meter layer. All the fouling organisms (except Gammaridae) are filtrators providing in the process of vital activity change in the suspension aggregate state and to a greater extent speeding up the process of its sedimentation. Along with this, a share of mussels in the total biomass of community was highest (99.99%). In this connection in estimations of filtration ability of fouling organisms of marine stationary stations only filtration by mussels was taken into account. According to average long-term data concentration of suspended organic matter in the north-western Black Sea is about 1.5 mg/l, and that of phytoplankton - 300 mg/l. The mussels living on the examined marine stationary platforms are able to bind and sediment up to 3250 t of suspension per year. It is known that in the process of mussels' filtration activity oil is bound by them and sediment to the bottom in faeces and pseudofaeces. With a concentration of oil products at a level of 0.022 mg/l mussels from the four examined MSP are able to bind up to 39.8 t of this pollutant during one year.
    Description: По среднемноголетним данным концентрация взвешенного органического вещества в северо-западной части Чёрного моря составляет около 1,5 мг/л, фитопланктона— 300 мг/л. Взяв для расчёта эти концентрации, получим, что в процессе жизнедеятельности мидии из обрастаний на обследованных МСП способны связать и осадить до 3250 т взвеси в год. Известно, что в процессе фильтрационной деятельности мидий нефть, содержащаяся в воде, связывается ими и осаждается на дно в фекалиях и псевдофекалиях. По данным ЮгНИРО, средняя концентрация растворенных нефтепродуктов во всей толще воды вблизи МСП в мае 1992 года составляла 0,022 мг/л , в августе достигала 0,045 мг/л. При условии сохранения в течение года концентрации нефтепродуктов на уровне 0,022 мг/л мидии с четырех обследованных МСП способны связать до 39,8 т этого вида загрязнителя. Очевидно в связи со значительным ускорением осадконакопления, а иногда и несоблюдением природоохранных мероприятий при эксплуатации МСП, вблизи платформ наблюдаются локальные загрязнения дна тяжелыми металлами и угнетённое состояние донных сообществ в радиусе около 0,5 км . При оценке вклада в изменение экологической ситуации водоема необходимо учитывать тот факт, что моллюски-фильтраторы, обитающие на МСП, очищают весь столб воды от поверхности до дна. В то время как мидии, обитающие на дне, в период летней стратификации очищают относительно небольшой придонный слой воды толщиной от 1,5 до 10 м. Учитывая это обстоятельство, авторы считают, что позитивный вклад в улучшение экологической обстановки в водоеме, вносимый популяцией моллюсков-фильтраторов, обитающих на искусственных рифах (в частности МСП), может быть значительно большим, чем естественной донной популяции. Однако, осаждая значительное количество взвеси, обрастания оказывают негативное влияние на близлежащие донные биоценозы, заиливая их. Оценка этого влияния требует дополнительных исследований.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fouling organisms ; Faeces ; Pseudofaeces ; Mussels ; Mytilus galloprovincialis ; Biomass ; Phytoplankton ; Bottom sediments ; Filtration organisms ; Marine stationary platforms ; Suspended matter ; Balanus improvisus
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non Refereed
    Format: pp.54-58
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Phytoplankton, especially community characteristics, in coastal waters of Da Nang have not been well studied. This present study analyzed data of phytoplankton for diversity and abundance from surveys from 2002 to 2016 at 44 stations in the coastal Da Nang waters. A total of 316 taxa from 9 classes were identified: Dinophyceae (134 taxa), Mediophyceae (77 taxa), Coscinodiscophyceae (44 taxa), Bacillariophyceae (36 taxa), Cyanophyceae (3 taxa), Dictyochophyceae (2 taxa), Bacillariophyta classis incertae sedis (1 taxon), Conjugatophyceae (1 taxon) and Thecofilosea (1 taxon). A list of 36 species of potentially harmful microalgae was recorded in coastal waters of Da Nang. In which, Pseudo-nitzschia spp. often had higher cell densities in some locations during the northeast monsoon. Analyzing diversity indices in different locations showed that there were significance differences of Margalef and Shannon indices, low in estuarine area (CS) and higher in the south of Son Tra peninsula (NST). Meanwhile no strong differences of Pielou and Simpson indices were found among the locations. However, there were strong differences of Margalef, Simpson and Pielou indices, which were found over the three studied years (2004, 2005, and 2006), mainly in NST, the northeast of Son Tra peninsula (DBST) and Da Nang bay (VDN). Analysis of species accumulation curves indicated that only 56–95% of species was found compared to maximal expected species richness in all studied locations. DMS analysis showed that there was year-based similarity among the years (ca. 50% of similarity) of phytoplankton communities. Among the studied years, average phytoplankton cell densities in Da Nang bay and the northeast of Son Tra were higher than those in other years and locations. This present study on species richness, expected species richness and variation in phytoplankton abundance suggested that there is a need of increasing sampling efforts, especially in riverine area and DBST for better understanding of characteristics of phytoplankton communities in coastal Da Nang waters.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Phytoplankton
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Not Known
    Format: pp. 43-58
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  • 14
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    Azov Sea Research Fisheries Institute (AzNIIRKH) | Rostov-on-Don, Russia
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: 3D coupled physical biochemical model of the ecosystem in the semi-enclosed water body of marine coastal zone is presented. The model allows numerical estimation of matter and energy flows through the ecosystem. It takes into account hydrodynamics of the area and oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur fields formed under its influence. Biological components of the model: phytoplankton and phytobenthos. Test calculations showed the operability of the model.
    Description: Представлена трехмерная имитационная физико-биохимическая модель экосистемы в полузамкнутом водоеме прибрежной зоны моря, позволяющая численно описать потоки вещества и энергии в системе. Модель учитывает гидродинамику района и формирующиеся под ее влиянием поля кислорода, соединений азота, фосфора и серы. Биологические компоненты модели: фитопланктон и фитобентос. Выполненные тестовые расчеты показали работоспособность модели.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; Mathematical modelling ; Coastal waters ; Phytoplankton ; Phytobenthos ; Hydrodynamics ; Биохимия ; Математическое моделирование ; Прибрежная зона ; Гидродинамика ; Фитопланктон ; Фитобентос
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Conference Material , Non Refereed
    Format: pp.357-361
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The variability of quantitative and qualitative indices of the development of phytoplankton communities in various parts of the small and medium rivers of the Eastern Donbass is considered. It is shown that the high variability of total abundance is a characteristic feature of phytoplankton development and indicates an unstable state of the community. In the phytoplankton speciescomposition, from 2 to 8 groups of phytoplankton were recorded; most often, diatom algae prevailed. Obvious anthropogenic impact on the state of the community was not detected.
    Description: Рассмотрена изменчивость количественных и качественных показателей развития фитопланктонных сообществ на различных участках малых и средних рек Восточного Донбасса. Показано, что характерной чертой развития фитопланктона является высокая изменчивость общей численности, что говорит о неустойчивом состоянии сообщества. В составе фитопланктона фиксировалось от 2 до 8 отделов, чаще всего доминировали диатомовые водоросли. Четкого влияния техногенных источников на состояние сообщества не выявлено.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Aquatic communities ; Phytoplankton ; Species composition ; Abundance ; Diatoms ; Anthropogenic effects ; Фитопланктон ; Антропогенное влияние ; Диатомовые водоросли ; Видовой состав
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Conference Material , Non Refereed
    Format: pp.344-348
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Results of hydrobiological studies of the Bugazsky Spit coastal waters (the Black Sea, Bugazsky estuary and Bugazsky Liman) are presented. 43 species of phytoplankton, 12 species of zooplankton and 9 species of macrozoobenthos were recorded. In the studied area, the phytoplankton abundance ranged from 6.3 to 11.2 million cells/m3, its biomass was from 18.0 to 79.3 mg/m3, the respective values for zooplankton ranged from 108,080 to 129,760 ind./m3 and from 39.0 to 323.8 mg/m3, while those of macrozoobenthos were from 133 to 1067 ind./m2 and from 0.1 to 948.9 g/m2. All zooplankton should be considered as fodder organisms. The biomass of fodder fraction of the zoobenthos amounted to 0.1–25.4 g/m2.
    Description: Представлены результаты гидробиологических исследований прибрежных акваторий Бугазской косы (Черное море, Бугазcкое гирло и Бугазский лиман). Зарегистрировано 43 вида фитопланктона, 12 видов зоопланктона и 9 видов макрозообентоса. Численность фитопланктона изменялась от 6,3 до 11,2 млн кл./м3, биомасса — от 18,0 до 79,3 мг/м3, зоопланктона — от 108080 до 129760 экз./м3 и от 39,0 до 323,8 мг/м3, макрозообентоса — от 133 до 1067 экз./м2 и от 0,1 до 948,9 г/м2. Весь зоопланктон относился к категории кормового. Биомасса кормовой фракции зообентоса составляла — 0,1–25,4 г/м2.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Hydrobiology ; Phytoplankton ; Zooplankton ; Zoobenthos ; Coastal waters ; Biomass ; Abundance ; Food organisms
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Conference Material , Non Refereed
    Format: pp.135-139
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  • 17
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    Azov Sea Research Fisheries Institute (AzNIIRKH) | Rostov-on-Don, Russia
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The composition of phytoplankton of seven stations in the port area of Novorossiysk during threemonth (August, September, November) vegetation period was characterized by the prevalence of diatoms (Diatomeae) microalgae both in the abundance and biomass. The peak of the total abundance (79.9 thousand cells/l in the port area and 245 thousand cells/l in the middle part of the bay) and biomass (the average value 91.4 mg/m3 in the port area and 219 mg/m3 outside the port area) was recorded in September. Background monitoring station was characterized by a more uniform composition of the phytoplankton groups. The number of species in the port area varied in the range from 3 to 5, outside the port area — from 2 to 3. However, they comprised the species, characteristic of clean waters. The highest values of the water pollution index, which characterize the water stations as polluted and very polluted, were recorded in September. In November, the waters of five stations were estimated as clean (WPI less than 0.75), the rest — as moderately polluted (WPI within the range of 0.84–0.88).
    Description: Состав фитопланктона семи станций акватории порта г. Новороссийск за вегетационный период трех месяцев (август, сентябрь, ноябрь) характеризовался доминированием как по численности, так и по биомассе диатомовых (Diatomeae) микроводорослей. Пик общей численности (79,9 тыс. кл./л в порту и 245 тыс. кл./л в средней части бухты) и биомассы (среднее значение в порту 91,4 мг/м3 и 219 мг/м3 — вне порта) был отмечен в сентябре месяце. Фоновая станция отличалась более однообразным составом отделов фитопланктона. Число видов в порту изменялось от 3 до 5, за пределами — от 2 до 3. Однако формировали его представители, характерные для чистых вод. Наиболее высокие значения индекса загрязнения вод, характеризующие воды станций как загрязненные и грязные, были отмечены в сентябре. В ноябре воды пяти станций оценивались как чистые (ИЗВ менее 0,75), остальные — умеренно загрязненные (ИЗВ в пределах 0,84–0,88).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; Diatoms ; Abundance ; Biomass ; Water pollution ; Environmental monitoring
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Conference Material , Non Refereed
    Format: pp.241-245
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Brief analysis of the knowledge level on phytoplankton community of the limans of the Azov Region by various researchers is given for several decades. The data on seasonal diversity of taxonomic composition of the microalgae, identified in the limans of the Kulikov-Kurchansky group, are presented for 2015, when 244 algae species, belonging to seven taxonomic divisions, were recorded. The highest number of species (100) was represented by the green algae division; 79 species of diatoms were also recorded, as well as 29 species of cyanophytae, and 24 species of euglenoids. Other taxonomic groups of algae were less representative and were registered only sporadically: 9 species of dinoflagellates and cryptomonads, 3 species of ochrophyta. The estimate of seasonal variability of species and numerical composition of phytoplankton community of the limans is presented. In 2015, average annual abundance of the phytoplankton in the limans of the Kulikov-Kurchansky group was 8,580.5 million cells/m3 (with fluctuations from 12,425.6 million cells/m3 in spring to 4,177.9 million cells/m3 in autumn). Phytoplankton biomass in the studied area equaled 2,923.6 mg/m3 on average (with fluctuations from 4,285.06 mg/m3 in spring to 1,764.70 mg/m3 in autumn). High phytoplankton concentrations, which remained in the limans during the whole season, were essential to form primary production, which level in the recent years was to a large extent related to high water temperatures, especially in the water bodies with small surface area, shallow depths and limited water exchange. Taxonomic diversity of microalgae community is an important parameter in assessment of environmental state of the water bodies, because its seasonal variability determines the phytocoenosis reaction to the changes in the environmental quality.
    Description: Дан краткий анализ степени изученности фитопланктонного сообщества азовских лиманов различными исследователями за несколько десятилетий. Приведены данные по сезонному разнообразию таксономического состава микроводорослей Куликово-Курчанской группы лиманов в 2015 г., где было отмечено 244 вида водорослей, относящихся к 7 систематическим отделам. Наибольшее количество видов представлено в отделе зеленых водорослей — 100 видов, диатомовых — 79, цианобактерий — 29, эвгленовых — 24. Остальные группы водорослей были менее представительными и встречались эпизодически: динофлагелляты и криптофитовые — 9 видов, охрофитовые — 3 вида. Приведена оценка сезонной изменчивости видового и количественного состава фитопланктонного сообщества лиманов. В 2015 г. среднегодовая численность фитопланктона в лиманах Куликово-Курчанской группы составляла 8580,5 млн кл./м3 (показатели варьировали от 12425,6 млн кл./м3 весной до 4177,9 млн кл./м3 — осенью). Биомасса фитопланктона в среднем по району исследований составляла 2923,6 мг/м3 (от 4285,06 мг/м3 весной до 1764,70 мг/м3 осенью). Высокие концентрации фитопланктона, сохранявшиеся в лиманах в течение всего сезона, играли существенную роль в формировании первичной продукции, уровень которой в последние годы во многом связан с высокими температурами воды, особенно в водоемах, имеющих небольшую площадь водного зеркала, с небольшими глубинами и ограниченным водообменом. Таксономическое разнообразие сообщества микроводорослей является важной характеристикой в оценке экологического состояния водоемов, т. к. его сезонная изменчивость характеризует отклик фитоценоза на изменение качества среды.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Phytocoenosis ; Abundance ; Biomass ; Aquatic communities ; Phytoplankton ; Taxonomy ; Seasonal variations
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.63-73
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The article presents the results of hydrobiological studies of the Sea of Azov, conducted since 2003 by the Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, using both classical hydrobiological methods and modern geoinformation technologies. Analysis of the interannual and seasonal variability of the hydrobiological community allowed to characterize modern features of two annually repeated peaks in the development of phytoplankton (spring and more intense summer-autumn ones). The results of measurements of chlorophyll α concentration and primary production, and quantitative analysis of phytoplankton indicate a tendency for an increase in the autotrophic component in the water body and a shift of its maximum development zone to the mouth of the Don River. In the development of the microzooplankton community against the background of an increase in the water salinity, a decrease in the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of ciliate plankton was observed, most pronounced in the cold period of the year. The results of winter studies also demonstrated the decisive influence of the nature of winter not only on the intensity of phytoplankton development in spring, but also on the magnitude of its biomass in summer. Long-term monitoring makes it possible to note some “diminishment” and structural changes in the hydrobiont community: a decrease in the role of microalgae due to an increase of the share of ultraphytoplankton in its total biomass by 1.3 times, and the microzooplankton complex of common species mainly consisting of species of a small-sized group. As a result of the salinization process in the Sea of Azov, the number of cases of marine species invasion and naturalization and the expansion of the distribution areas of these species has increased. In the spatial structure of phytoplankton, narrowing of the ranges of fresh and brackish-water species and the expansion of the ranges of marine species are noted. For the last 15 years, among the representatives of the hydrobionts fauna, three types of shell ciliate infusoria tintinnids and three species of polychaetes, which significantly changed the composition of bottom communities, naturalized in the Sea of Azov.
    Description: В статье представлены результаты гидробиологических исследований Азовского моря, проводимых с 2003 г. Южным научным центром РАН как с помощью классических гидробиологических методов, так и с применением современных геоинформационных технологий. Анализ межгодовой и сезонной изменчивости гидробиологического сообщества позволил охарактеризовать современные особенности двух ежегодно повторяющихся пиков в развитии фитопланктона (весеннего и более интенсивного летне-осеннего). Результаты измерений концентрации хлорофилла «а», первичной продукции и данные количественного анализа фитопланктона свидетельствуют о тенденции к увеличению автотрофной составляющей в водоеме и смещении зоны максимального ее развития к устью р. Дон. В развитии микрозоопланктонного сообщества на фоне роста солености вод отмечено снижение качественных и количественных характеристик цилиатопланктона, наиболее выраженное в холодный период года. Результаты зимних исследований также продемонстрировали определяющее влияние характера зимы не только на интенсивность развития фитопланктона весной, но и на величину его биомассы летом. Многолетний мониторинг позволяет отметить некоторое «измельчение» и структурные изменения в сообществе гидробионтов: уменьшение роли микроводорослей за счет увеличения в 1,3 раза доли ультрафитопланктона в суммарной биомассе, а микрозоопланктонный комплекс массовых видов в основном состоит из видов мелкоразмерной группы. Вследствие процесса осолонения Азовского моря увеличилось количество случаев вселения и натурализации морских видов и расширение ареалов распространения этих видов. В пространственной структуре фитопланктона отмечено сужение ареалов пресноводно-солоноватоводных видов и расширение ареалов морских. За последние 15 лет среди представителей фауны гидробионтов в Азовском море натурализовалось по три вида раковинных инфузорий тинтиннид и полихет, существенно изменивших облик донных сообществ.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Hydrobiology ; GIS ; Aquatic communities ; Phytoplankton ; Bottom communities ; Zooplankton ; Seasonal variations ; Polychaetes ; Brackishwater species ; Spacial structure ; Гидробиология ; ГИС ; Водные сообщества ; Донные сообщества ; Сезонная динамика ; Зоопланктон ; Солоноватоводные виды ; Пространственная структура ; Фитопланктон
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.7-23
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  • 20
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    Azov Sea Research Fisheries Institute (AzNIIRKH) | Rostov-on-Don, Russia
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In the past two decades, interest in harvesting of fodder crustaceans and other bioresources of aquatic origin has grown significantly. Harvesting of aquatic invertebrates for aquarium fish culture on commercial scale began to be carried out relatively recently. The purpose of this work is to characterize the state of some brackish water reservoirs in the Volchikhinsky and Rubtsovsky Districts of the Altai Region and assess the stocks of their aquatic biological resources. During the research, it was found out that the water in the lakes of the Volchikhinsky District is: in Large and Small Gor'kaya Voda Lakes — of the sulfate class, in the Lake Chernyazhye — of chloride class, sodium group; in the Lake Korostelevskoe of the Rubtsovsky District — of hydrocarbonate class, sodium group. The main mass of phytoplankton in the lakes is green and blue-green algae. Zooplankton of the lakes of the Volchikhinsky and Rubtsovsky Districts is of the copepods-cladocera type with a significant predominance of the cladocera. The basis of zoobenthos in lakes is formed by chironomids.
    Description: В последние два десятилетия интерес к заготовке кормовых ракообразных и других биоресурсов водного происхождения значительно вырос. Заготовка водных беспозвоночных для аквариумного рыбоводства в производственных масштабах стала осуществляться сравнительно недавно. Цель данной работы охарактеризовать состояние некоторых солоноватоводных водоемов Волчихинского и Рубцовского районов Алтайского края и дать оценку запасов их водных биологических ресурсов. В ходе исследований отмечено, что в озерах Волчихинского района Большое и Малое Горькое вода сульфатного класса, в озере Черняжье — хлоридного класса, группы натрия; в озере Коростелевское Рубцовского района вода гидрокарбонатного класса, группы натрия. Основную массу фитопланктона в озерах составляют зеленые и синезеленые водоросли. Зоопланктон озер Волчихинского и Рубцовского района копеподно-кладоцерного типа со значительным преобладанием кладоцер. Основу зообентоса озер образуют хирономиды.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Live feeds ; Aquatic living resources ; Zoobenthos ; Chironomida ; Brackishwater reservoirs ; Phytoplankton ; Copepoda
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Conference Material , Non Refereed
    Format: pp.123-130
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Analysis of the features of the Lower Don R. (Rostov-on-Don Region, Russia) hydrochemical regime in conditions of different water content and the impact of the Don R. flow on productivity of the Taganrog Bay (Azov Sea) is conducted. The grid of stations covered the mouths of large rivers (Sal R., Manych R., Aksai R.), wastewater discharge areas of Rostov-on-Don and Aksai, and the area of the Don R. influx into the Taganrog Bay. The studies were carried out from 1999 to 2015 in the spring, summer and autumn seasons. It is shown that the average annual flow volume of the Don R. correlates with the concentrations of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in water. In low-water years, the concentration of nutrients has no pronounced seasonal dynamics. In low-water and medium-water years, the dominant form of nitrogen in the water of the Don R. was nitrate nitrogen. The increase of the organic component of nitrogen-containing compounds in water during the low-water period is indicative of intensive production of organic matter by phytoplankton, which is evidenced by the high trophicity level of the water area. Pollution by mineral forms of nitrogen in the lower reach of the Don R. in the area of sewage water discharge from large cities is not detected. The level of primary production of organic matter in the Taganrog Bay is maintained due to the autochthonous supply of nutrients during the period of decrease in the average annual flow of the Don R. In the absence of nutrient recycling during the suffocation periods in the Taganrog Bay, a decrease in the level of primary production was reported in conditions of the low water content of the Don R.
    Description: В работе проведен анализ особенностей гидрохимического режима акватории Нижнего Дона в условиях различной водности и влияния стока р. Дон на продуктивность Таганрогского залива (Азовское море). Сетка станций на акватории р. Дон охватывала устья крупных рек (Сал, Маныч, Аксай), районы сброса сточных вод г. Ростова-на-Дону и г. Аксай, а также место впадения р. Дон в Таганрогский залив. Исследования были проведены в весенний, летний и осенний периоды 1999–2015 гг. Показано, что среднегодовой объем стока р. Дон коррелирует с концентрациями в воде азота аммонийного и нитратного. В маловодные годы концентрация биогенных веществ не имеет выраженной сезонной динамики. В маловодные и среднемноговодные годы доминирующей формой азота в воде р. Дон являлся азот нитратный. Увеличение в воде органической компоненты азотсодержащих соединений в маловодный период является показателем интенсивного продуцирования органического вещества фитопланктоном, что подтверждается высокой трофностью акватории. Загрязнение минеральными формами азота нижнего течения Дона в районе влияния сточных вод крупных городов не установлено. В период снижения среднегодового объема стока р. Дон уровень первичного продуцирования органического вещества в Таганрогском заливе поддерживается за счет автохтонного поступления биогенных веществ. В условиях отсутствия рециклинга биогенных веществ при заморах в Таганрогском заливе отмечено снижение уровня первичного продуцирования в условиях низкой водности р. Дон.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Hydrochemistry ; River flow ; Wastewater discharge ; Nitrogen compounds ; Ammonium compounds ; Organic matter ; Phytoplankton ; Primary production
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.32-39
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Long-term data on phytoplankton biomass dynamics, on numbers of pelagic fish, their stocks and catches were used. Data from YugNIRO plankton surveys for the period from 1959 to 1993 were also used. Phytoplankton biomass has increased over the period under study. Regression analysis has revealed a downward trend in annual average biomass of prey zooplankton in the northwestern Black Sea. In this area 13-year fluctuation cycle in biomass was observed. In the eastern Black Sea, there are 7-year periods of phytoplankton biomass fluctuations. From the late 1970s to the early 1980s there was a considerable growth in jellyfish Aurelia aurita population in the Black Sea. Later on its biomass was on a steady downward trend in all parts of the sea and had decreased twentyfold to the level of 4-5 million tons by the time the invader (ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi) was able to swamp pelagial of the Black Sea. It remained at that level during all the subsequent period of coexistence of the two Coelenterate species. During the 1989-1991, M. leidyi biomass was at a level of 30-40 million t, decreasing to 18.9 million t in 1992. Pelagic fishes (bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix, horse mackerel Trachurus mediterraneus and the bonito Sarda sarda) had almost disappeared from the pelagic Black Sea by 1966. Two contrary tendencies in abundance of short-cycle species, the anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus and the sprat Sprattus sprattus phalericus was observed.
    Description: За последние 30 лет на фоне резкого снижения численности аборигенных видов Чёрное море приняло в свой состав по меньшей мере четырёх представителей других экосистем. Однако ни один из них не вызывал столь ощутимых последствий, как недавнее появление гребневика М. leidyi. В сложившейся ситуации по-прежнему главным остается вопрос — как изменится величина рыбопродуктивности в условиях формирования нового ценотического равновесия. Методология исследования подобных проблем предполагает два взаимодополняющих направления — изучение предпосылок, позволивших вселенцу внедриться в экосистему, и исследование взаимоотношений вселенца с аборигенными видами. Поскольку оба эти направления базируются на изучении информации о трофических отношениях в планктонных сообществах, то на первом этапе необходимо было конкретизировать отношение по линии хищник-жертва, проследив, в пер- вую очередь, динамику процессов, происходящих в различных звеньях трофической сети пелагиали. Для анализа использовались литературные данные по многолетней динамике биомассы фитопланктона, численности пелагических рыб, их запасам и уловам. Кроме того, к анализу привлекались материалы комплексных съёмок, собранные специалистами ЮгНИРО за период с 1959 по 1993 гг. Гидробиологические работы выполнялись во все сезоны года. Промежутки между рейсами составляли не более месяца, за исключением 1970, 1990 и 1991 гг., когда не удалось отобрать пробы в осенне-зимний сезон. Работы проводились по стандартной сетке станций, охватывающей всю акваторию экономической зоны бывшего СССР с частичным охватом акватории, прилегающей к побережью Турции, Болгарии, Румынии (всего 200 станций). Мезозоопланктон подсчитывали в пробах, взятых сетями Джедди-37 и БР-80/113. Лов осуществлялся в слое 0-100 или 0-дно.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Mnemiopsis leidyi ; Phytoplankton ; Abundance ; Pelagic fish ; Marine ecosystems ; Seasonal variations ; Sarda sarda ; Engraulis encrasicolus ; Sprattus sprattus phalericus ; Ctenophores ; Численность ; Черноморская хамса ; Гребневик ; Трофические группы ; Биомасса
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Non Refereed
    Format: pp.38-44
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2019. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Physical Oceanography 49(7), (2019): 1889-1904, doi:10.1175/JPO-D-19-0053.1.
    Description: A high-resolution numerical model, together with in situ and satellite observations, is used to explore the nature and dynamics of the dominant high-frequency (from one day to one week) variability in Denmark Strait. Mooring measurements in the center of the strait reveal that warm water “flooding events” occur, whereby the North Icelandic Irminger Current (NIIC) propagates offshore and advects subtropical-origin water northward through the deepest part of the sill. Two other types of mesoscale processes in Denmark Strait have been described previously in the literature, known as “boluses” and “pulses,” associated with a raising and lowering of the overflow water interface. Our measurements reveal that flooding events occur in conjunction with especially pronounced pulses. The model indicates that the NIIC hydrographic front is maintained by a balance between frontogenesis by the large-scale flow and frontolysis by baroclinic instability. Specifically, the temperature and salinity tendency equations demonstrate that the eddies act to relax the front, while the mean flow acts to sharpen it. Furthermore, the model reveals that the two dense water processes—boluses and pulses (and hence flooding events)—are dynamically related to each other and tied to the meandering of the hydrographic front in the strait. Our study thus provides a general framework for interpreting the short-time-scale variability of Denmark Strait Overflow Water entering the Irminger Sea.
    Description: MAS was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grants OCE-1558742 and OCE-1534618. RSP, PL, and DM were supported by NSF under Grants OCE-1558742 and OCE-1259618. WJvA was supported by the Helmholtz Infrastructure Initiative FRAM. TWNH and MA were supported by NSF under Grants OCE-1633124 and OCE-118123.
    Description: 2020-07-01
    Keywords: Baroclinic flows ; Frontogenesis/frontolysis ; Meridional overturning circulation ; Ocean dynamics ; Topographic effects
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2019. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Physical Oceanography 49(6), (2019):1463-1483, doi: 10.1175/JPO-D-18-0213.1.
    Description: A set of float trajectories, deployed at 1500- and 2500-m depths throughout the deep Gulf of Mexico from 2011 to 2015, are analyzed for mesoscale processes under the Loop Current (LC). In the eastern basin, December 2012–June 2014 had 〉40 floats per month, which was of sufficient density to allow capturing detailed flow patterns of deep eddies and topographic Rossby waves (TRWs), while two LC eddies formed and separated. A northward advance of the LC front compresses the lower water column and generates an anticyclone. For an extended LC, baroclinic instability eddies (of both signs) develop under the southward-propagating large-scale meanders of the upper-layer jet, resulting in a transfer of eddy kinetic energy (EKE) to the lower layer. The increase in lower-layer EKE occurs only over a few months during meander activity and LC eddy detachment events, a relatively short interval compared with the LC intrusion cycle. Deep EKE of these eddies is dispersed to the west and northwest through radiating TRWs, of which examples were found to the west of the LC. Because of this radiation of EKE, the lower layer of the eastern basin becomes relatively quiescent, particularly in the northeastern basin, when the LC is retracted and a LC eddy has departed. A mean west-to-east, anticyclone–cyclone dipole flow under a mean LC was directly comparable to similar results from a previous moored LC array and also showed connections to an anticlockwise boundary current in the southeastern basin.
    Description: The authors were supported by the Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), Contract M08PC20043 to Leidos, Inc., Raleigh, NC. The authors also wish to acknowledge the enthusiastic support of Dr. Alexis Lugo-Fernández, the BOEM Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative, during the study into the Deep Circulation of the Gulf of Mexico, using Lagrangian Methods. Thanks go to the captains and crews of the R/V Pelican and B/O Justo Sierra, J. Malbrough (LUMCON), J. Singer (Leidos), J. Valdes (WHOI), B. Guest (WHOI), and the CANEK group (CICESE).
    Description: 2020-05-29
    Keywords: Bottom currents ; Eddies ; Instability ; Lagrangian circulation/transport ; Mesoscale processes ; Topographic effects
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Churilova, T., Suslin, V., Sosik, H. M., Efimova, T., Moiseeva, N., Moncheva, S., Mukhanov, V., Rylkova, O., & Krivenko, O. Phytoplankton light absorption in the deep chlorophyll maximum layer of the Black Sea. European Journal of Remote Sensing, 52, (2019): 123-136, doi: 10.1080/22797254.2018.1533389.
    Description: Bio-optical data, obtained during six cruises in the Black Sea carried out during periods of seasonal stratification in years between 1996 and 2016, have been used to parametrize phytoplankton light absorption (aph(λ)) in the deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) layer located near the bottom of euphotic zone. Relationships between aph(λ) and the sum of chlorophyll-a and phaeopigment concentrations (Chl-a) differed from those for the summertime upper mixed layer (UML). Notably, chlorophyll a specific absorption coefficients (a∗ph(λ)) were lower in the DCM and more comparable with a∗ph(λ) values typical for winter phytoplankton in the Black Sea. The aph(λ) spectral shapes in the DCM differed markedly from those in winter and in the summer UML, due to a shoulder at ~490 nm and a local maximum at ~550 nm corresponding to the absorption bands of phycourobilin and phycoerythrobilin. Light absorbing properties of phytoplankton in the DCM (amplitude and spectral shape of a∗ph(λ)) reflected physiological acclimation to local conditions on the cellular level and population shifts leading to changes in the biomass-dominant species, with Synechococcus spp. domination in the DCM. The parameterization of phytoplankton absorption in the DCM will enable refined spectral models of the downwelling radiance and primary production in the Black Sea.
    Description: RAS funded this research [grant numbers АААА-А18-118020890112-1, АААА-А18-118020790229-7 and АААА-18-118012690119-7]. This work was partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, projects [numbers 17-05-00113 and 18-45-920070].
    Keywords: Phytoplankton ; light absorption ; chlorophyll-a ; cyanobacteria ; deep chlorophyll maximum ; the Black Sea
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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