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  • Wiley  (17,470)
  • Institute of Physics  (15,200)
  • American Geophysical Union  (4,699)
  • Emerald  (3,174)
  • American Physical Society (APS)
  • MDPI Publishing
  • 2000-2004  (40,543)
  • 1955-1959
  • 2001  (40,543)
Collection
Publisher
Years
  • 2000-2004  (40,543)
  • 1955-1959
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 18 (2001), S. 13-22 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Neural network topology selection refers to a systematic procedure for selecting between competing models. Naturally, it is regarded as a key aspect in optimisation and replicability of neural network performance. When constructing neural network topologies, it is necessary to determine from the outset the general taxonomy of the neural network architectures to be constructed. The taxonomy considered in this study is the general taxonomy of time-varying patterns which subsumes many existing architectures in the literature and points to several promising neural network architectures that have yet to be examined. The context of the problem is that choosing the right neural network topology for use in a particular domain such as corporate bankruptcy prediction with optimum generalisation performance is not, in any case, a trivial problem. The results of experiments presented in this paper would serve as a baseline against which to select between two competing architectures.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 18 (2001), S. 28-42 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper describes several problems with the current Internet technologies and the way they are currently utilized in education and proposes an innovative solution. First, the paper discusses an activity matrix that maps learning activities involved in business education along two dimensions: level of monitoring and level of interaction. The paper then proposes a unifying framework that utilizes emerging Internet technologies to support these learning activities. The framework goes beyond a simple piece of software at the client level to provide a complete solution with the student client, the instructor client and the server level software. Furthermore, the paper describes the architecture, features and specific technologies used in an actual education support system developed from the framework.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: MOOsburg is a community-oriented multi-user domain. It was created to enrich the Blacksburg Electronic Village by providing real-time, situated, interaction, and a place-based information model for community information. We are experimenting with an implementation fundamentally different from classic multi-user domains object-oriented (MOOs), supporting distributed system development and management, and a direct manipulation approach to navigation. To guide the development of MOOsburg, we are focusing on a set of community-oriented applications, including a virtual science fair.
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  • 4
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    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 74-83 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The paper is about how to use the World Wide Web (Web) for education. After a brief review of this area, the main issues regarding the use of Web for education are discussed. Based on this discussion, a design, a preliminary implementation of a prototype, the experience gained from this work and future work are described and a few conclusions drawn. Experience from the trial of the system shows that the Web is a cost-effective technology to facilitate the development of educational applications across the Internet.
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  • 5
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 103-113 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Several authors have suggested that the concept of flow is useful for understanding consumer behaviour in computer-mediated environments. Previous Internet flow research has used self-completion questionnaires. This research uses focus groups to facilitate the identification and discussion of respondents' Internet experience. Explores respondents' awareness and experience of flow. Finds that half of the respondents recognised Internet flow experience and that Internet flow seems to prolong Internet and Web site usage. Identifies several factors that promote or inhibit Internet flow. These factors may help practitioners design Web sites that stimulate flow and encourage users to stay on the site.
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  • 6
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 125-137 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines demographic variables (gender, age, educational level) and motivation variables (perceived ease of use, perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness) associated with Internet usage activities (defined in terms of messaging, browsing, downloading and purchasing). A total of 1,370 usable responses were obtained using a Web page survey. Results showed that males are more likely to engage in downloading and purchasing activities while females are more likely to engage in messaging activities. Younger users engage in messaging and downloading activities to a greater extent than older users. Perceived usefulness is associated with the four activities, while perceived ease of use and perceived enjoyment are associated with messaging, browsing and downloading activities.
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  • 7
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 138-149 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Technological advances have spurred the development of Web-based teaching. Today, a substantial body of research addresses the effectiveness of this new teaching medium. Results have been mixed, showing mostly no significant improvement over traditional methods. Examines a fundamental, yet often forgotten, element in designing Web-based teaching materials: the user. Aims to draw a profile of the heaviest users of a course Web site and uncover the reasons why non-users decide not to access supplemental materials on the Web. The results indicate that male students access the Web site more often than females. Higher GPA was also related to heavier use. The most important result seems to be the relationship between learning style and use, with assimilators paying more frequent visits to the Web site.
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  • 8
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 114-124 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Every hyperlink pointing at a Web site is a potential source of new visitors, especially one near the top of a results page from a popular search engine. The order of the links in a search results page is often decided upon by an algorithm that takes into account the number and quality of links to all matching pages. The number of standard links targeted at a site is therefore doubly important, yet little research has touched on the actual interlinkage between business Web sites, which numerically dominate the Web. Discusses business use of the Web and related search engine design issues as well as research on general and academic links before reporting on a survey of the links published by a relatively random collection of business Web sites. The results indicate that around 66 percent of Web sites do carry external links, most of which are targeted at a specific purpose, but that about 17 percent publish general links, with implications for those designing and marketing Web sites.
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  • 9
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 149-158 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: A total of 117 student consumers participated in a longitudinal survey of their purchasing behavior for three product categories: snack foods, CDs, and skin care. The Domain Specific Innovativeness Scale was included in the survey to measure how innovative participants were with regard to buying online. It was hypothesized that an innovative predisposition toward online buying would be associated positively with more hours of Internet use, greater Internet purchasing, higher likelihood of future Internet purchase, and use of the Internet to download music. The data analyses confirmed all these hypotheses. Few respondent demographics, however, were related to any of these variables. These results demonstrate that the Domain Specific Innovativeness Scale is a reliable and valid measure of this potentially important construct; and that Internet innovativeness functions as predicted by theories of consumer innovative behavior, thereby increasing the generalizability of these theories and yielding potentially important information for e-commerce managers.
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  • 10
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 167-184 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Aims to establish a basic conceptual framework for understanding extranet implementation guidelines. Provides a specific case using VF Playwear, Inc.'s HealthTexbtob.com, a business-to-business extranet for linking VF with its customers. Owing to the heavy pressure to create a Web presence in the digital marketspace, some firms have found it beneficial to work with e-business solution providers that can assist them through the critical points of the development life cycle. VF Playwear, Inc. manufactures children's clothing and is part of the VF Corporation umbrella that supplies such well-known clothing brands as Wrangler, Lee, Rustler, Vanity Fair, and Vassarette, among others. Lessons learned by VF Playwear, Inc., in close collaboration with MERANT E-Solutions (enterprise solutions) and Egility I-Solutions (infrastructure solutions), are featured in this case study.
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  • 11
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 159-166 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes a novel Internet auction model achieving verifiable fairness, a requirement aimed at enhancing the trust of bidders in auctioneers. Distrust in remote auctioneers prevents bidders from participating in Internet auctioning. According to proposed survey reports, this study presents four characteristics that render the Internet untrustworthy for bidders. These intrinsic properties suggest that auction sites not only follow auction policies, but provide customers with evidence validating that the policies are applied fairly. Evidence of verifiable fairness provides bidders with a basis for confidence in Internet auctions. Cryptographic techniques are also applied herein to establish a novel auction model with evidence to manifest and verify every step of the auctioneer. Analysis results demonstrate that the proposed model satisfies various requirements regarding fairness and privacy. Moreover, in the proposed model, the losing bids remain sealed.
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  • 12
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 190-202 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The development of personal relationships between team members is recognised as an important factor in enhancing effective working relationships among members of both co-located and virtual teams. However, little has been written on how to build these online relationships among virtual team members. This paper reports part of a qualitative research study on how facilitators of virtual teams build and maintain online relationships. In particular, the paper examines how virtual team facilitators use Internet-based and conventional electronic communication channels to build relationships with their virtual team members. The findings suggest that some electronic communication channels are more effective than others in building online relationships. The paper concludes by suggesting that facilitators need to strategically use the channels available to them to effectively build online relationships.
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  • 13
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 203-212 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Argues that the Internet demands a significant review of approaches to marketing communications at both the strategic and tactical levels. At the strategic level in e-business applications the way in which marketing communication is integrated with business operations makes it difficult to continue to view marketing communications as a distinct and bounded area of activity. The level of integration of marketing communications and their role in e-commerce depends on the stage of development of e-commerce. At the tactical level, channel, message and audience characteristics have implications for attracting attention, cultivating awareness, and assessing the impact of communications and promotional activities. An Appendix offers an extensive list of questions for research and innovation.
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Seeks to inform the design of corporate communications for e-business. A critique of market orientation suggests that in the new paradigm of dynamically configured network organisations, a multiplicity of partners requires that the orientation must be broadened to allow dialogue to permeate and coordinate the network. It discusses the increasing importance of corporate interaction as companies virtualise. Underlying enablers of effective corporate dialogue are examined by comparing sociological and psychological theories of human interaction and relationship formation with organisational interaction theories of corporate relationship formation. The paper continues by examining human-computer interaction and concludes by synthesising the literature to create a prototype construct to inform Web site design.
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Despite the rapid growth of the World Wide Web in the last several years few studies have appeared in the literature assessing Web sites' efficacy. This paper provides an original Web Assessment Index, focused on four categories: accessibility, speed, navigability and content. The scoring mechanism is explained and the index is applied to assess the Web sites of all Spanish universities. Finally, conclusions and implications derived from this study are presented.
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  • 16
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 235-245 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines changes in experience and confidence among students taking their first Internet course at university between 1994 and 2000 in a country with high Internet use. Time series show that the number of participants who had used the Internet before commencing university has increased so it is now rare to encounter a student with no prior experience. While almost all new students are experienced and confident users of e-mail and the WWW, not all have used search engines, and exposure to new and advanced tools is limited. Very few have built a Web page. The first Internet course at universities in countries with high Internet penetration should develop students' understanding of the Internet as it is used in everyday life by developing knowledge of the Internet's history and development, advanced skills in Internet use, and the knowledge required to evaluate the potential of new Internet technologies and applications.
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  • 17
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 246-260 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The future of online business education seems quite bright. Three-fifths of the 1,700 US institutions of higher learning that are engaged in distance education - 55 percent of which offer credit-bearing business courses - already use some form of Internet-based technology. Nonetheless, there have been no large-scale studies of potential online business students in terms of their traits and desires. In this article, the background of distance education is presented. Then, the results of a major survey, involving NPD's Online Research Panel, are discussed. In all, 2,651 adults participated in the survey, 1,945 of whom indicated some interest in online business education. Eight propositions are tested, relating to demographics, courses versus programs, reasons for enrolling or not enrolling, desired features, customer service expectations, tuition, prestige and value, and institutional attributes.
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  • 18
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 261-269 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Inter-organizational-systems such as EDI have been the main form of business to business e-commerce application in the automotive industry for the last two decades. However, previous studies in EDI adoption mostly examined environmental, organizational and technological factors. This study examines behavioral dimensions of trading partner trust in EDI adoption via a qualitative interpretative case study conducted between an automotive manufacturer and their first tier supplier. While trading partner trust was observed to be an implicit factor embedded in pre-arranged contractual agreements, the findings of this study suggests that trading partner trust is important for cooperative long term trading relationships and contributes to increased awareness on the importance of trading partner trust in EDI adoption.
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  • 19
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 286-295 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper explores the influence of an organization's information ecology, or internal information environment, on a firm's electronic commerce initiatives and plans. To investigate this problem area, results are reported from a recent case study investigation on the adoption and use of a specific e-commerce initiative - namely a corporate portal - by 20 participants at a large Canadian company. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews and field observations, while analysis comprised a variant form of grounded theory. Factors of the information ecology influencing portal utilization are identified. From these, implications are drawn to e-commerce solutions in general. Specific recommendations include the need to create a democratic steering committee to oversee the development of e-commerce solutions, gain support of upper management, and market and train organizational workers on the functionality and strategic importance of a company's e-commerce initiatives and plans.
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  • 20
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 277-285 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: New venture "startups" are financed via three standard methods: self-funding, "friends and family" or possibly "angel" investors; seed capital from venture capitalists; and large corporations' venture funds. Each of these financial structures has its own set of risk and reward trade-offs. Corporate venture funding has been seen as the least risky funding method, but also the least likely to be available for the entrepreneur. Each of these funding methods is likely to engender a different kind of corporate culture that could impact the e-commerce venture's long-term development. The self- or privately-funded company must continuously scramble for scarce funds and may not be able to develop internally the necessary culture of knowledge creation. Companies supported primarily by venture capitalists may develop a culture that over-focuses on quick return of capital to investors. Alternatively, the slow decision-making processes of large corporations are often antithetical to Internet time.
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  • 21
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 310-321 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Successful Web-based information systems (WIS) are critical for electronic retailers to attract and retain consumers and deliver business functions and strategy. However, the design and development of a WIS may include many business, technology and user challenges. Understanding and fulfilling the critical requirements of these challenges will determine the success of a WIS commercial application. In this paper, we present an abstract model for WIS design in e-retailing. Unlike previous WIS research, this model offers an integrated and overall view, where four interconnected layers are investigated: business determinants; WIS; business interface; and users/customers. Through our discussion of this model, we provide researchers with a better understanding of WIS issues requiring further investigation, and provide practitioners with a foundation to understand WIS requirements and features for success.
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  • 22
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 296-309 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper investigates the impact of the Internet upon the UK second-hand and antiquarian book trade. Questionnaires were sent to all 681 UK members of the industry's largest and most prominent association (PBFA) and 355 responses were received. To ensure depth as well as breadth of knowledge, in-depth interviews were also conducted with ten companies. The results showed that, overall, e-commerce presents an opportunity rather than a threat to this traditional retailing sector. Pre-existing database management and distribution skills made the industry well suited to Internet trading. The number of companies trading on-line was five times greater than the UK industry average and the booksellers were highly satisfied with the results. Not only did 90 per cent of survey respondents with Web sites consider that their aims in setting them up had been met in whole or in part, but 20 per cent of respondents derived more than 30 per cent of their sales from Internet trading. Moreover, 68 per cent of on-line respondents stated that in their opinion their Web sites had resulted in overall business profits increasing. Predicted threats posed by the Internet such as reduced prices and margins, causing offence to existing customers and distribution system difficulties presented risks but could not outweigh the benefits of Internet trading.
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  • 23
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 333-340 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Interviews, questionnaires and focus groups were conducted to determine the training needs of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in relation to the Internet, e-commerce and electronic data interchange (EDI) in the UK, Poland, Slovak Republic, Germany and Portugal. The main findings indicated that there is a lack of skills and knowledge regarding use and implementation of these information and communication technologies (ICTs), and managers require training in both the business and technical issues associated with these ICTs. As a result of these studies, a Web-based intelligent training system (WITS) has been developed. The aim of the system is to provide awareness in how to implement the Internet, e-commerce and EDI into business processes. The WITS system aims to address the needs of SMEs by providing computer-assisted instruction on the main elements identified for e-commerce success. This paper describes the rationale for the structure of the WITS system, the means by which the content was classified into modules in the training system, the level of information provided, and the type of interface guidelines used to improve usability of the system.
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  • 24
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 322-332 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: In e-commerce, trust becomes an essential prerequisite for customer relationship building. Drawn from established theoretical work on trust and relationship marketing, a model is proposed aiming to help in highlighting the differences between traditional and e-commerce and to facilitate thinking as to how trust can be built in virtual environments. Conceptualized in the context of an electronic servicescape, the model helps to demonstrate how agent and virtual reality technologies can facilitate the expressiveness required for the formation of trust through iterative interaction with promises being made, enabled and fulfilled.
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  • 25
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    Bradford : Emerald
    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: Explains that international mobility forms an integral part of the academic work of most faculty members. Considers some implications of faculty mobility in cyberspace and some of the constraints of the virtual world. Formulates recommendations for the enhancement of faculty mobility in the virtual world at the international and department levels. Discusses new cultural, social and educational challenges related to virtual mobility. Concludes that through virtual mobility, the real collaborative links become even more efficient and that real mobility is an added value to virtual mobility and vice versa.
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  • 26
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    Bradford : Emerald
    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 7-10 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: Presents a preliminary report of a meeting held in the village of Pari, Tusony in September 2000 of a group of scientists, economists, humanists and philosophers to debate the issues surrounding the future of the academy. Provides a summary of the broad and far-reaching discussions, including the themes of: Elites, authorities and influence; Working definitions on the role of knowledge; Commonalities across disciplines; Ways of learning; Ethical issues; Distance learning; Compatibility of democracy and scholarship; Competition and the University; and Holistic education for the whole person. Concludes that there is need to continue these discussions.
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  • 27
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    Bradford : Emerald
    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: A discussion on how file sharing software can assist communications between teachers and students. Explains how Peer-to-peer networking can benefit education and improve student feedback.
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  • 28
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    Bradford : Emerald
    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 10-12 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: Presents scenarios which illustrate the functionality of digitally distributed competence (DC). Explains that Performance Base Learning (PBL) is premised on the use of DC to support increments in human learning and makes a case for DC-supported PBL in education. Explores the challenges faced by the workforce that have resulted in expanded uses of DC and argues that these challenges provide clear guidelines for the renovation and revitalization of education services in countries such as the United States. Concludes that in the PBL paradigm, learning is a Just-In-Time event that occurs in the moment of performance or in highly detailed Just-Ahead-of-Time simulations that are continually revised by smart DC software.
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  • 29
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    Bradford : Emerald
    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 2-4 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: This editorial looks at some of the forces that are acting on the university, both internally and externally. We look at the impact of globalization in this article.
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  • 30
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    Bradford : Emerald
    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 6-9 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: Discusses whether, in ten years, campus-based, nation-funded, local student oriented universities will exist, and introduces the notion of huge multinational players into the educational market.
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  • 31
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    Bradford : Emerald
    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 9-11 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: This is the third of seven reports on the development of software to support performances in which learning takes place. We will introduce a school administrator study population in this article and follow up with three highly descriptive reports of their assessments of software-supported learning performances.
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  • 32
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    Bradford : Emerald
    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 12-14 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: This is a deliberately provocative article, about publishing research online and hosting encouraging discussion about online academic work.
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  • 33
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 1-5 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: In present times of increasing change and uncertainty, managers need a real understanding of the way that people learn. Managers must strive to support a work environment that nurtures continuous learning. This article examines the principles that should help managers in their new roles and responsibilities, such as continuous learning, learning from customers, building on existing innovation, listening, observing and understanding.
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  • 34
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    Bradford : Emerald
    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 2-3 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: This editorial continues our look at some of the forces that are acting on the university, both internally and externally. In this issue we look at the impact of lifelong learning. Universities use great expenses to recruit students, but are not retaining them as part of the community once they have graduated. The loss of alumni from the community is a great disadvantage to the institution and actively discourages collaborative learning.
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  • 35
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    The @journal of product & brand management 10 (2001), S. 25-37 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Seeks to enhance our understanding of the suitability of loyalty measurement techniques by proposing a classification of brand loyalty based on varying market types. Distinguishing between market types is important because the very nature of markets indicates that the measures used to capture loyalty should be very different. This paper, in effect, argues against a single brand loyalty measure for all market types. Marketing practitioners wishing to predict future levels of loyalty would need to use different loyalty measures. In consumable markets where the market is stable and where there is high switching and low involvement and risk, behavioral measures are appropriate for predicting future brand loyalty levels. However where the market is not stable, there is a propensity towards sole brands and attitudinal measures may be better predictors of future behavior in such cases.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 10 (2001), S. 52-64 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The rapid proliferation of drugs being switched from prescription (Rx) to over-the-counter (OTC) status within the USA has raised a number of important consumer behavior and public policy concerns. The following issue served as the focus of our research. Given the increasing assortment and widespread availability of Rx to OTC switch drugs, how might consumers' health care preferences change? That is, what factors influence whether a consumer is more likely to visit their physician rather than self-medicate symptoms of heartburn and indigestion with a new switch drug?
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    The @journal of product & brand management 10 (2001), S. 94-102 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Forecasting enables the efficient utilisation of a firm's resources. There are various types of forecasting models that can be built. Illustrates the steps involved in building a forecasting model utilising seasonal regression with a practical example. The model obtained for the carbonated soft drink brand under consideration estimates a growth rate of 3,568 units per month during the last five years and identifies the seasonal effect during each month of the year. The model also computes the cannibalisation effect that the introduction of a brand extension has had. The development of such models can provide a useful input to both marketing and operations planning.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 10 (2001), S. 75-93 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Actual and intended new product introduction announcements constitute significant events for firms' customers, competitors, and investors. Typically, past research has focused on the economic impact of actual new product introduction announcements. However, research relating to firms' intentions to introduce new products is relatively uncommon. These intended introductions or "pre-announcements" have important strategic objectives and affect a firm's customers and competitors in significant ways. Builds upon existing theory to study the economic impact of product pre-announcement signals. Adopts the event study methodology and explores the relationship between product pre-announcements and stock prices. Results show that relatively irreversible product pre-announcements, i.e., those containing "evidence" are valued positively by the stock market. In contrast, the stock market ignores bluffs or easily reversible announcements that lack such evidence. Given the significance of pre-announcements, managers should take these signals seriously. Discusses how product managers may use these results to develop actionable strategies for communicating with investors. Outlines the contribution of this paper to product management theory.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 10 (2001), S. 103-119 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reports a study of 1,304 Chinese brand names of ten types of products in China. These brand names are content analyzed following a linguistic approach which the authors developed from their earlier studies. The ten types of brand names are presented in three broad categories representing the three different developing stages of the consumer product industry in China: brands of traditional products (illustrated by matches and spirits), brands of traditional products with current development (illustrated by bicycles, shoes, and toothpastes), and brands of new and modern products (illustrated by cosmetics, soft drinks, washing machines, refrigerators and TV sets). The conclusion drawn from the analysis is that one of the variables in determining how linguistic principles are being applied to Chinese brand naming is the respective stages of development of such products in the context of the Chinese market economy.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 10 (2001), S. 120-136 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Examines consumers' perception of brands as influenced by their origins and the differences in classification ability between consumers' knowledge levels. Specifically, culture-of-brand-origin (COBO) is proposed to have replaced country-of-origin (COO) as the most important origin influence regarded by consumers in their perceptions of brands. Culture-of-brand-origin is used to mean the cultural origin or heritage of a brand. Data were gathered from 459 respondents in the Asian city of Singapore; and used to assess Singaporean consumers' ability to classify the cultural origins of fashion clothing brands. This was compared to their ability to classify the country origins of the same brands. Six brands were used in a between-subjects design, with three brands of western countries and three of eastern countries. Results indicate that consumers can more readily identify the cultural origin of brands over their country-of-origin. Reveals that a consumer's ability to make this distinction is influenced by the consumer's perception of how well he/she knows the brand.
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    Strategy & leadership 29 (2001), S. 13-18 
    ISSN: 1087-8572
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Most executives are well aware of the acceleration in the pace of business, and they want to know what to do about it. The authors talked with executives in 40 companies about how they are dealing with this issue and identified five business-model myths that are holding these firms back. Companies that have dispelled these misconceptions are not only achieving record profitability they are hitting new highs in the tough business environments that have driven their competitors under. This article describes the five myths and outlines how businesses can become more fluid and ready to respond quickly to change.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 10-13 
    ISSN: 0965-7967
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The authors trace the inside story of a ground-breaking transaction which they pioneered. It enabled Barclays Bank to shed all the credit risk it held as the result of originating unsecured consumer loans in a particular branded portfolio. As such the transaction allowed Barclays to separate the business of origination from the business of managing the balance-sheet. This achievement has far-reaching consequences for the world of asset and liability management which the authors outline and discuss.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 14-16 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This article looks at the changes in the insurance market which are being forced by new economy pressures. The author considers the squeeze created by consolidation in the financial services market and by globalisation and how companies have responded by creating asset management products and tapping increased customer demand for an ever wider range of products. The benefits of technology are turning the market upside-down but are benefiting new entrants rather than existing players. The key in the end will be those companies which can add value.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 17-21 
    ISSN: 0965-7967
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The new draft standard on financial instruments will revolutionise financial reporting around the world. The author argues that because of the politics of accounting standard-setting the recently promulgated draft standard will become the rule. This marks two great changes in global perception. First, it means that the principles behind accounting standards are aimed at providing investors with the ability to forecast the future. Second, it means that fair value will gradually take its place as the dominant measurement within accounts. This has severe consequences in the world of banking and financial institutions. The shape of the balance-sheet will be changed for ever.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 22-26 
    ISSN: 0965-7967
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Recent proposals to require all financial instruments to be measured at fair value are raising some pretty basic issues about bank accounting. The author, who headed up the UK end of the project to produce the new rules, argues whether, as bankers might suggest, they are overkill or whether they are a reasonable response to a serious problem. He argues that accounting rules around the world are moving steadily away from historical cost accounting and towards fair value accounting. The banks argue that their figures would become more volatile. The standard-setters argue that, if reporting more realistically shows volatility, then so be it. But the proposals are the most comprehensive examination of the problem and he commends its study.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 34-46 
    ISSN: 0965-7967
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This extensive extract from the proposed rules on how to disclose financial instruments and similar items in the income statement of banks and other financial institutions develops the thinking of the joint working group set up to prepare global standards in this field. The extract covers the critical issue of disclosure in the income statements of such organisations. As such it is the most comprehensive summation of the arguments involved yet produced.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 47-52 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The purpose of this article, which is based on a recent presentation by Paul Van der Maas, is to give the reader a brief overview of common credit derivatives, the size and scope of their markets and their role in structured credit products. The case study uses as a reference a current deal that Bank of America has structured using credit derivatives.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 27-33 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The author notes the proposals put forward by the Joint Working Group of Standard Setters on Financial Instruments and sets out the arguments why the banking community is against the concept of measuring financial instruments under a fair value accounting system. He suggests that the proposals should be abandoned and that the accounting standard setters join with the banking industry to produce improvements in financial reporting.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 12-15 
    ISSN: 0965-7967
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The author traces the history and philosophy behind the concept of risk transfer and concentrates on the underlying theory of insurance. He argues that the complexity of the modern business world has meant that the simplicity of the concept has been lost. To this has been added the additional burden of regulation and a greater concentration on risk management. He suggests that the concept of enterprise risk management is the one which cuts this Gordian Knot and describes its benefits in adding value to the enterprise.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 16-19 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Banks have more at stake than ever before through risk management. The authors, both London lawyers specialising in the financial services world, argue that technology has both made life easier and harder. But they stress that the same problems recur in every case of loss. They provide some examples, particularly from the world of derivatives, which underline how important it is to employ a systematic approach.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 20-23 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Corporate governance in the financial services sector is influenced by factors peculiar to the industry. The author assesses the influence of analysts and points out that reporting timetables across the industry mean that peer pressure becomes an unusually influential factor. He assesses how this year's reporting is likely to progress and provides advice to businesses in the financial services sector on how to enhance their corporate governance disclosures.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 26-28 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The author takes mining as his paradigm and analyses the approach to risk management showing that financial and fuzzy factors should be taken into account and, if handled effectively, can produce a very useful operational risk analysis.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 29-32 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Following on from the ground-breaking article in Balance Sheet, Volume 8 Issue 4 by Charles Garthwaite, the author describes how XBRL, the language of risk, has developed recently. XBRL is the business reporting language which is revolutionising the way that information is both gathered and accessed. The author explains how it works and guides the reader through the way that it is being developed, with examples of how it will be used.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 24-25 
    ISSN: 0965-7967
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Daniel Ben-Ami, author of Cowardly Capitalism: The Myth of the Global Financial Casino, argues that the popular view of the global financial markets as some sort of irresponsible and volatile casino is fundamentally wrong. He argues that the financial markets have been as susceptible as everywhere else in contemporary society to the idea that risks must be driven out. He argues that global financial markets are risk averse and that as a result companies focus on financial returns rather than their core abilities.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 7-12 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: As deputy governor of the Bank of England, the author provides an overview of the trends in consolidation of the market before assessing current proposals on the capital adequacy of banks and the new Basel Accord. He expresses concern about the perennial problem of liquidity and then provides some analysis of recent developments, particularly in alternative risk transfer mechanisms. He argues that innovations must be treated with some care and suggests that risk management in the financial system is the overarching goal.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 13-19 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The author provides an analysis of the underlying structural liability in the banking business by analysing balance sheets across the banking industry. He shows that the structural liability of different banks varies enormously. He argues that asset and liability management professionals need to have a deep understanding of the financial markets and of the many lines that their banks will be running. Even then he suggests that liquidity crises are very difficult to predict or control.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 20-23 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Risk management issues and the implications and implementation of the Basel Accord are concentrating the minds of the banking industry. The author assesses the implications and, from a legal standpoint, advises on how to apply the new skills which will be required. She also suggests various planning points which financial institutions should take into account in the preparation for the day when the Basel Accord takes effect.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 33-38 
    ISSN: 0965-7967
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The author considers the issue of business continuity planning and asks whether it can cope with the emerging risks of a new century and whether it fits with the move to an enterprise risk approach. She assesses all the many risks involved from outsourcing to reputation risk and from the loss of intellectual assets to the loss of information systems. Her conclusion is that more concentration on a enterprise risk model is required.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 28-33 
    ISSN: 0965-7967
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This is an exclusive extract from The ValueReporting Revolution: Moving Beyond the Earnings Game, a new book published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., and written by four senior PricewaterhouseCoopers experts. In this extract they discuss the dilemma of risk management and risk reporting. They argue that there are difficulties in disclosing risk on the grounds that it causes problems with competitors and investors alike. There is also a lack of consensus of how market risk should be measured. They assess how to quantify operational risk and conclude that the gap between improving risk management techniques and risk disclosures needs to be closed.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 39-41 
    ISSN: 0965-7967
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes, in case study form, how a UK-based building society installed and operated a new system for financial planning and forecasting. Looks at the objectives, the way in which these were satisfied and how its financial planning and strategic requirements have been changed and enhanced.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 24-27 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Risk management is more important in the financial sector than in other parts of the economy. But it is difficult. The basis of banking and similar financial institutions is taking risk in conditions of uncertainty. Describes how the Turnbull report, for which the author was project director, created a new underlying approach to risk. Provides a guide to the way in which the various Turnbull ideas have become the bedrock of risk management and suggests how they can be developed.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 7-10 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The authors provide an overview of their research into the attitudes of UK managers to risk and uncertainty. They find that, when it comes to decision making, managers in UK enterprises tend to focus on loss aversion rather than risk aversion. They found that managers' personal attitudes to risk were often more important than risk management systems and their appropriateness.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 11-21 
    ISSN: 0965-7967
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The issue of how banks should disclose the effects of financial instruments is fraught. The global standard-setting community put forward their views in what became known as the Joint Working Group's proposals. These aroused strong feelings in the banking world. This article is the first detailed response from the banking community. It argues for evolution of the rules rather than radical change.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 22-25 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The Joint Working Group proposals on fair value disclosure of financial instruments have provoked controversy. Here the author looks at how the proposals would impact on banks' risk management, lending policies and pricing.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 34-36 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The authors explain how risk management can increase the value of an organisation. They look at issues like globalisation, shareholder value, the effect of corporate governance and the input of the finance director and show how all these issues, properly discussed and communicated through the organisation, should provide a sturdy risk management framework.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 37-39 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Audit committees have been an integral part of risk management in financial services organisations for longer than in the rest of the economy. But the pressures on audit committee performance are growing. The authors, who have provided a guidance document published by the ICAEW, show how progress may be made and suggest that the importance of embedding the process in the organisation may lift some of the pressures on audit committees.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 26-33 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: When it comes to the way in which banks report the effects of financial instruments, the position of the global accounting firms is crucial. This article explores the difficulties ahead. It suggests that fair value has a place in the system but that using them to report earnings would create huge difficulties, simply because existing systems of performance measurement would not be up to the task.
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    Balance sheet 9 (2001), S. 40-42 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The field of financial services is one of the fastest changing sectors of the economy. The author argues that this and the changing motivation of people working in the financial services sector mean that a new approach is required to ensure that change both can be managed and can benefit the organisation and its staff.
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    Campus-wide information systems 18 (2001), S. 73-78 
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Shows a course model for distance education and the profile of targeted learners for a course in classical mythology. In addition, it demonstrates how electronic delivery was developed to fit two paradigms: a successful course and the learners most likely to have success. Also analyzes the types of interaction necessary for a successful learning environment within the electronic delivery system. The goal of the article is to show the validity of the technological tool chosen for this distance learning situation and to suggest that a quality learning experience is possible within this environment.
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 6-9 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: This article is the fourth in a series examining the projected impacts of new technology and software on K-12 education. The data was collected from 166 school administrators attending a workshop in the United States during January 2001. The data is presented in the form of brief composites representing administrator uses of handhelds for school management performances. The authors then comment on the administrators' assessments based on the background reasoning.
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 1-5 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
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    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: Considers the future of education in light of developments in information technology - most notably the growth of the internet - over recent years. Suggests that information technology, which has been welcomed into schools, is a "Trojan horse" which will ultimately lead to the extinction of the education system as we know it. Schools will be unable to compete with the wealth of knowledge freely available to students via sources such as the internet.
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 9-12 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
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    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: In this issue A Voice from Pari comes from two participants at "The Future of the Academy" conference held in Pari in September 2001. Italian universities are in the midst of large-scale reforms dictated by the Italian government. When one reads that, while graduates in most European countries can expect to start work in their early twenties, Italian students are not graduating until around the age of 27, it becomes clear why change is needed. Francesca Farabollini, pro-rector of education at the University of Siena, and Maurizio Franzini, an economist at the same university, have been actively engaged in these reforms and present an analysis of the Italian situation and some reflections on the advantages and disadvantages of open competition in the university market place.
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 11-13 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
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    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: Compares the process experienced through the reading of books with that of taking information from the internet. Indicates that the interaction between the book reader and the text is very rich and based around the life experiences of the reader. Indicates the importance with regard to the internet of organizing data and information into active knowledge. People need to be "participators of knowledge who will bring their inherent creativity to an understanding of how to use their knowledge".
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
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    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: Part one of this paper highlights how students today think and process information fundamentally differently from their predecessors, as a result of being surrounded by new technology. The author compares these "digital natives" with the older generation who are learning and adopting new technology naming them "digital immigrants".
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 8-10 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
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    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: The fifth is a series of articles looking at distributed competence software and performance base learning. This type of software offers real time solutions to person in learning, living and work situations. Performance base learning refers to the on-task learning that accompanies the application of distributed competence software in school, in the community and in work settings. This article considers the positive and negative reactions of administrators to the substitution of these innovations in place of conventional learning undertaken by students.
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 2-3 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: On the Horizon was born in the mind of our current Editor Emeritus, Jim Morrison, as an environmental scanning journal. Published for a number of years by Jossey-Bass, On the Horizon was acquired by a small, selective, house in the UK, Camford. Today we are pleased to announce that OTH will be published by Emerald, http://emeraldinsight.com, a major international publisher of over 130 professional journals. Beginning with Volume 10, in January 2002, OTH becomes a quarterly, doubled in size with expanded features, longer, more in-depth articles, and a global focus, as it adds regional editors to its board.
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 6-9 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: This is the sixth article in our series projecting a shift from learning to perform to performing to learn. This article summarizes and comments upon the last of three story-writing exercises undertaken by 166 Minnesota public school administrators in late January 2001.
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 13-14 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: NextEd, an international education and training infrastructure company started in 1998, with offices in Australia, China, Hong Kong and Malaysia, currently has business relationships with 25 higher education institutions and commercial training providers located throughout the world.
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
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    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: Part 2 of Prensky's paper exploring the differences between "digital natives" and "digital immigrants". In this second part the author presents evidence to support these differences from neurology, social psychology and from studies done on children using games for learning.
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 10-12 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: In this issue the "Voice from Pari" is that of Dr Elena Liotta, a Jungian analyst involved in local politics, who has been influential in guiding the direction of the Pari Center for New Learning. Her article reflects on the nature and future of education but in a much wider setting, that of society, and its values, as a whole and, in particular the growth and education of young children. The Jesuits are supposed to have said that, if they could have the education of a child for the first seven years of its life, they could then show you the man. While it is true that many of the issues faced in university education today are the result of economic pressures within a changing world, there is also the fact that students who enter university are less free and inquiring minds than minds that have already been conditioned by our primary educational system and current social values. If we are to address the future of education, we must do this at all levels.
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 2-3 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
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    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: Filtering out useful bits of information, in a world awash with information, is becoming very costly. Not only must we consider the information itself, but we must also consider the factor of time. When in time and space is it important and what is its half-life?
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 7-9 
    ISSN: 1085-4959
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: In recent years, scholars and academic librarians have begun to consider alternatives to the print-based model for research publishing. Fortuitously, two significant trends emerged almost simultaneously. While libraries faced canceling subscriptions in response to escalating journal prices and declining budgets, the creation of the World Wide Web made a ubiquitous electronic alternative to the print journal possible for the first time.
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    On the horizon 9 (2001), S. 12-14 
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    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Education , Economics
    Notes: People sense that the world is passing through a profound transformation, but they badly need convenient, reliable information to guide their understanding and decisions. For the past ten years my colleagues and I have filled this need using an online system that pools the knowledge of experts to forecast emerging technologies - the GW Forecast.
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  • 84
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    The @journal of product & brand management 10 (2001), S. 38-51 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Presents further empirical results on the convergent and predictive ability of a selection of consumer based brand equity measures. An underlying assumption in this study was that choice was an indicator of brand equity. It is a replication and extension of work carried out by Agarwal and Rao in 1996. Their work is the only study that has attempted to consolidate existing research on consumer based brand equity. Overall, the results generally concurred with those of Agarwal and Rao. Most of the measures were found to be convergent, and to estimate choice. The results mean that managers should now have more confidence in selecting from a range of brand equity measures, many of which can be collected easily and at minimal cost. More empirical studies, however, need to be carried out in a range of different markets to assess the wider performance of these brand equity measures.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 10 (2001), S. 7-25 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Deals with brand management issues concerning brand as a resource for an industrial distributor. The brand resource can either be controlled by the producer - producer brand - or the distributor - private label brand. Analyzes the characteristics of managing the brand resource depending on whether it is a producer or private label brand. This is done from the perspective of the distributor. In order to undertake this research task, a theoretical framework derived from the industrial networks approach is used. The designed framework focuses on three central concepts - the resource intradependence, the resource interdependence, and the resource interdependence connection. The framework is analyzed on three respective levels, i.e. the company, the relationship and the network levels, and we present the results of the analysis, which indicate what influences the opportunities and constraints that management are faced with when making decisions concerning branding in an industrial context. The data has been collected through personal interviews among paper producers and paper merchants within the fine-paper industry in the UK.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 10 (2001), S. 160-169 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The goal of this current study is to extend customer satisfaction research in two important ways. First, it attempts to demonstrate the relationship between customer satisfaction and price acceptance. Second, as Voss, Parasuraman and Grewal claim that only a small proportion of the existant satisfaction research focuses on services, we empirically analyze the relationship between customer satisfaction and price acceptance in the hotel industry. Finally, the implications of the study's findings for research into purchasing patterns and pricing policy are discussed.
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    Strategy & leadership 29 (2001), S. 24-28 
    ISSN: 1087-8572
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Executives who hope to succeed in the new millennium must learn to manage in ways that are a quantum leap from the manner in which they have been managing. The basis for this new style of management is decision-making at lightning speed. Velocity management is decision making at speeds consistent with today's competitive environment and technology. It is based on a system of proactive metrics that are designed to ensure the balance of organizational and individual expectations, organizational and individual enablers, and positive and negative consequences. Velocity management promotes an awareness of disruptions when they first became noticeable or identifiable, allowing the organization to develop an instinct by which management can address disruptions at the earliest possible time and enact follow-up mechanisms to ensure improvement in off-schedule conditions.
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    Strategy & leadership 29 (2001), S. 29-33 
    ISSN: 1087-8572
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Leadership, at its best, leverages other people's full potential The L.E.A.D. program follows neither the old command-and-control style of management nor the more laissez faire approaches that have emerged. Instead, L.E.A.D. begins with a clear mandate for managers to leverage their people to their highest levels of achievement, as individuals and as a group. The first step involves leveraging employee judgment, then fully engaging them in their work by respecting the psychological contract implied in employment, aligning all employee efforts by clarifying context, and finally developing individual capacity by coaching and mentoring. The L.E.A.D. process can spell the difference between truly outstanding achievements vs. run-of-the-mill practices that achieve far less.
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    Strategy & leadership 29 (2001), S. 4-12 
    ISSN: 1087-8572
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Eight years ago, Bain & Company launched an annual survey to investigate the actual experience of companies that adopt leading management tools: Which tools are the most popular? How well do they work? And do they continue to deliver results over time? This article presents the answers to these questions, based on the latest (2000) North American survey results. On the one hand, 78 percent of respondents agreed that "Companies that use the right tools are more likely to succeed." Yet, at the same time, 82 percent agreed that "Most management tools promise more than they deliver." Senior executives fundamentally believe there are tools that can improve organizational performance, yet experience using these tools has also dampened their enthusiasm for the results. Includes a discussion of the 25 top management tools.
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    Strategy & leadership 29 (2001), S. 13-18 
    ISSN: 1087-8572
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The collapse of the dot-com business sector has shown that, in reality, there is only one economy, with a new technology trying to find its way in it. Success in business will always depend on two areas of attention: building the business; and protecting the business. The Business Idea provides a method to consider the future viability of a business proposition in all basic aspects that make for longer-term success. The author discusses seven factors that are incorporated in a business idea. Business leaders that want their companies to survive must develop a positive feedback loop that encompasses all of these factors. This virtuous cycle ensures continued success and growth and the ongoing awareness of the evolving scarcities in the marketplace, leading to new inventions to keep the business's offerings in line with the customer needs.
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    Strategy & leadership 29 (2001), S. 19-23 
    ISSN: 1087-8572
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Shared service functions such as finance and HR are more important to the success of most corporations today than they ever have been. Yet in many companies, they receive far less executive attention than the business units because shared services are not expected to generate profits. This article proposes that senior executives should require equally high standards for strategic-planning and profit-generating initiatives from their shared services as they do from business units. As a case study illustration, the authors describe how Champion International adopted a process to push shared service managers into value-enhancing initiatives and strategies and how that process helped transform the company's performance.
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    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 10-17 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Web traffic is doubling every year, according to recent global studies. The user needs more information from Web sites and wants to spend as little time for downloading as possible. Simultaneously, more Internet bandwidth is needed and all ISPs are trying to build high bandwidth networks. This paper presents a case study that calculates the reduction of the time needed for a Web page to be fully downloaded and delivered to the user. Presents a way to calculate the reduction of data transfer, bandwidth resources and response time when the HTTP/1.1's compressing feature is enabled (either in plain hypertext files or the text output of CGI programs or dynamically generated pages). Measurements are taken from five popular Web sites in order to validate our statement for reduction in transfer time. The definition of the mean size of a Web page that commercial Web sites have is additionally in the scope of this paper.
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    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 84-95 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Internet is an open and global programming environment where applications and services mostly follow the traditional client/server model. The use of new programming paradigms based on mobile entities, such as mobile agents (MA), can accelerate the process of diffusion of new applications and services in the areas of e-commerce, network and systems management, and mobile computing. However, the lack of security is one of the main obstacles to a wide diffusion of MA. On the one hand, mobility increases the potential of security breaches because of the injection of possibly malicious MAs; on the other hand, it introduces the new issue of protecting MAs against integrity and secrecy attacks from their execution environments. This paper discusses the security issues introduced by the MA technology and proposes a security architecture composed of a wide set of services and components, which adequately fulfil the requirements of several application areas. The implementation of the security framework in the secure and open MA system has provided the support for the development of a secure electronic marketplace prototype that demonstrates the effectiveness of adopting the MA technology in the Internet environment.
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    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 26-34 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: This paper presents a non-intrusive method of determining network performance parameters for voice packet flows within a Voice over IP, or Internet Telephony call. An advantage of the method is that it allows not only end-to-end performance monitoring of flows, but also makes it possible to inspect the transport parameters of a specific network or link when delay sensitive traffic transits through it. The results of a preliminary test, to check the validity of the method, are also included.
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    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 18-25 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The World Wide Web has experienced phenomenal growth over the past few years, placing heavy load on Web servers. Today's Web servers also process an increasing number of requests for dynamic pages, making server load even more critical. The performance of Web servers delivering static pages is well studied and well understood. However, there has been little analytic or empirical study of the performance of Web servers delivering dynamic pages. This paper focuses on experimentally measuring and analyzing the performance of the three dynamic Web page generation technologies: CGI, FastCGI and Servlets. In this paper, we present experimental results for Web server performance under CGI, Fast CGI and Servlets. Then, we develop a multivariate linear regression model and predict Web server performance under some typical dynamic requests. We find that CGI and FastCGI perform effectively the same under most low-level benchmarks, while Servlets perform noticeably worse. Our regression model shows the same deficiency in Servlets' performance under typical dynamic Web page requests.
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    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 35-41 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Anonymous distributed computing systems consist of potentially millions of heterogeneous processing nodes connected by the global Internet. These nodes can be administered by thousands of organizations and individuals, with no direct knowledge of each other. This work defines anonymous distributed computing systems in general then focuses on the specifics of an applet-based approach for large-scale, anonymous, distributed computing on the Internet. A user wishing to participate in a computation connects to a distribution server, which provides information about available computations, and then connects to a computation server with a computation to distribute. A Java class is downloaded, which communicates with the computation server to obtain data, performs the computation, and returns the result. Since any computer on the Internet can participate in these computations, potentially a large number of computers can participate in a single computation.
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    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 42-48 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Nowadays the Internet offers a large amount of information to a wide range of users, making it difficult to deal with. The present work suggests the use of intelligent agents for the personalized filtering of Web pages. A set of autonomous, non-mobile and adaptive agents was developed, aiming to satisfy the user's need for information. The agents learn from the users' feedback and attempt to produce better results over time. This work presents the system description and the promising results of tests performed in a simulated environment. The proposed system has proven to be a useful tool in reducing the amount of information with which the user has to deal.
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    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 49-54 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Automatic, autonomous browsing has an increasingly important task in information discovery and assisted browsing on the Internet. Where users could once keep up to date with information of interest on the Internet, the recursive growth of the network has made this process increasingly time consuming and less rewarding. Presents two possible solutions to this problem: Data Agents and CollaborAgents which were developed with IBM's Aglet Workbench - a particular implementation of mobile agents. Also surveys the agent technology and discusses the agent building package used to develop both mentioned applications. Concludes that the future of local interaction, reduced network loading, server flexibility and application autonomy which are supported by mobile agent technology, all help to provide a level agility above distributed problem solving.
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    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 55-64 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The mobile software agent paradigm provides a generic, customisable foundation for the development of high performance distriubuted applications. An efficient, general-purpose access control mechanism is required to support the development of a wide range of applications. This is achievable if the design of the access control system is based on the principles of simplicity, programmability (customisation) and reusability. However, existing mobile agent architectures either neglect this issue, or offer centralised schemes that do not support adaptive access control on a per-agent basis and do not address the issues of secure knowledge sharing and reusing. In this paper a simple, distributed access control architecture is presented, based on the concept of distributed, active authorisation entities (lock cells), any combination of which can be referenced by an agent to provide input and/or output access control. It is demonstrated how these lock cells can be used to implement security domains and how they can be combined to create composite lock cells.
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    Internet research 11 (2001), S. 341-348 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Third-generation mobile networks will be characterized by the convergence of the wireless, the fixed Internet and the media industries. Expectations on agents' ability to generate revenues (and profits) within this technological intersection are high and will be further geared up by the future broadband capacity. Previous experience from the fixed side points to problems for content providers to charge for their products. The easy reproducibility of content has often forced its providers to offer it free of charge. It has therefore generated little revenue. The question, however, is whether this pricing problem will continue on the wireless side with the introduction of mobile Internet. This paper examines the revenues of I-mode for an answer and uses the theory of the experimentally organized economy and innovative pricing to arrive at an answer. The conclusions are supported by 650 interviews, 450 of which are I-mode users and 200 potential users of the service.
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