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  • Artikel  (1.106)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Home with ET - Elsik technology (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 17 (2000), S. 129-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: This article profiles the technology-rich environment at Elsik High School in the Alief Intermediate School District on the west side of Houston. The district's $16 million commitment to technology by 2001 is explored. The instructional benefits are featured by departments with a basic outline as to what students are doing in a strong instructional program that is technology-based. Implementation ideas by departments are demonstrated from the art department to the sciences and social studies. After departments are highlighted, the technology available to the administrators, teachers, and staff is showcased. Online technologies, video distribution, and video conferencing are discussed. All of the technological tools and implementation of these tools into and across the curriculum demonstrate Elsik High School's commitment to integrate technology into each and every classroom to better prepare students for the new millenium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650740010350873
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Diversified use of ICT in education (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 17 (2000), S. 161-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The Fachhochschule JOANNEUM (FH JOANNEUM), a university of applied science, founded the Centre for Multimedia and Learning (CML) in 1998, in order to provide support for lecturers in implementing computer-supported learning strategies within their classes. Now, after two years of work and different approaches applied, the CML has developed a strategy which promises a sustainable development for the highly diversified courses offered at the university. Within this article, evaluation results of three different approaches are described and the future strategy of a bottom-up approach is outlined. Based on the results, an in-house training program for the teaching staff has been developed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650740010360520
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Internet and services marketing - the case of Danish retail banking (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 7-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Examines various aspects of the motives, perceptions and expectations connected with the introduction of Internet banking in Danish retail banking. Responses from 60 key managers in the largest retail banks in Denmark show that they believe that Internet banking will become more important in the future, whereas all other distribution channels are predicted to become less important. Describes further the relationship between the perceptions of and expectations from Internet banking, the reasons for offering an Internet bank and the way it has been organized in the banks.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010312093
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Changes in the banking sector - the case of Internet banking in the UK (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 19-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The Internet is gaining popularity as a delivery channel in the banking sector. At the same time, customer needs are changing. A total of 12 Internet banking operations in the UK are analysed under customer empowerment functions and Internet banking Web attributes. Internet banking renders location and time irrelevant, and empowers customers with greater control of their accounts. Banks achieve cost and efficiency gains in a large number of operational areas.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010312048
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Quantitive evaluation of Web site content and structure (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 31-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Describes an approach automatically to classify and evaluate publicly accessible World Wide Web sites. The suggested methodology is equally valuable for analyzing content and hypertext structures of commercial, educational and non-profit organizations. Outlines a research methodology for model building and validation and defines the most relevant attributes of such a process. A set of operational criteria for classifying Web sites is developed. The introduced software tool supports the automated gathering of these parameters, and thereby assures the necessary "critical mass" of empirical data. Based on the preprocessed information, a multi-methodological approach is chosen that comprises statistical clustering, textual analysis, supervised and non-supervised neural networks and manual classification for validation purposes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010312138
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Perceptions of Web site design characteristics: a Malaysian/Australian comparison (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 44-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Compares the perceptions of Malaysians (representing eastern, Asian culture) and Australians (representing western, European culture) for four Web site design characteristics - atmospherics, news stories, signs and products and services - as part of the integrated Internet marketing model. Under controlled laboratory conditions, two groupings of 30 subjects evaluated eight Web sites - four in Malaysia and four in Australia - in the retail and services sectors. Hypothesises that the predominant culture is not generalised to another culture. Some tentative support for the research premise is found since where a group's perceptions for Web design characteristics and their effectiveness was significantly higher, it was for sites originating in that group's country. Furthermore, perceptions both support and contradict previous research suggesting that Australians prefer an environment of low context and high explicit communications while Asians operate in an environment of high context that stresses implicit communications.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010312084
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The influence of power on trading partner trust in electronic commerce (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 56-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Power has become an important contextual factor in electronic commerce adoption. Persuading trading partners can mean using persuasive power. Hence, the way power is used to influence trading partners will determine the extent to which trust is encouraged during the adoption and integration process. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the impact of power in EDI adoption. The findings of a case study within an automotive manufacturer indicate that negative (coercive) power left smaller suppliers in a situation of uncertainty, and even conflict, whereas positive (persuasive) power resulted in open communications between smaller suppliers and their buyers, thus building trading partner trust and long-term trading relationships.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000005316
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The influence of information technology access on agricultural research in Nigeria (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 63-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Examines the relationship between accessibility to information technology and research publications among users of agricultural libraries in Nigeria. A self-constructed questionnaire, which had a reliability coefficient of 0.90, was used to collect data. A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed and a response rate of 78.7 per cent was obtained. Data were analyzed using the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and the student t-test. Results showed that there was no significant association between accessibility and research publications. The finding is discussed in the context of information technology benefits in developing countries generally. Suggestions are proffered on how to improve the benefits of IT access.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010312110
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Factors influencing the types of products and services purchased over the Internet (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 102-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Presents the findings of an empirical investigation of Internet shopping in Singapore. Specifically, Internet buying behaviour is compared between potential Internet buyers and non-Internet buyers. It was found that the classification of different types of products and services will significantly influence the consumer choice between a retail store and Internet shopping mall. The types of products and services that are suitable for selling through the Internet are also identified. Generally, products and services that have a low outlay, are frequently purchased, have intangible value proposition, and relatively high on differentiation are more likely to be purchased via the Internet. Based on the analysis and results obtained from the study, some recommendations are presented to retailers who are interested in selling their products via the Internet.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010322894
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    From EDI to Internet commerce: the BHP Steel experience (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 72-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Discusses the issue of business-to-business e-commerce implementation and the factors affecting it, considering the appropriateness of the various theories which underpin research into systems implementation (primarily diffusion of innovation and traditional change management theory). Describes the results of a case study of BHP Steel, the largest steel producer and one of the largest companies in Australia, which is a leader in e-commerce implementation. The results suggest that, over time, the driving force for e-commerce changed significantly. From an initial push to improve current business processes by adopting EDI to achieve savings and improve efficiency, the company came to be driven by a desire for greater supplier involvement and customer service in later implementations. Discusses the ways in which BHP Steel's e-commerce innovations have changed and suggests that, in addition to considering the characteristics of the innovation process, other more contextual aspects of implementation (such as the social system in which the innovation evolves and the timing of the innovation's introduction) be considered in an inter-organizational context.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010312039
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The role of human Web assistants in e-commerce: an analysis and a usability study (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 114-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Electronic commerce has recently shown enormous potential to take over a significant share of the sales market. There is a need to provide services that can reach individual computer users with different information profiles and levels of expertise. In this article the concept of Web assistants, human assistants working in an electronic Web shop, is presented. This human-computer collaboration provides intelligent and adaptive services via an integrated communication media. A prototype of a Web assistant system has been implemented. While browsing through the system the user can call for human assistance should the need arise. Presents the results of a usability study performed on the prototype system. Recent commercial moves in the direction discussed in this article increase the importance of the usability study. The results are encouraging, especially when it comes to the attitude aspects of usability. The subjects were extremely enthusiastic about the concept of Web assistants and its implications. The human Web assistant who participated in the field trial highlighted the importance of user modelling. Although the system is mainly in the context of electronic commerce, it can be used in many other contexts. These include home automation, digital libraries, and technical support, to name a few.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010322902
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An empirical study of Internet usage and difficulties among medical practice management in the UK (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 170-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Considers the use of information technology in the UK National Health Service (NHS) as the government pledges to connect every doctor or general practitioner (GP) to the NHS's information superhighway by the year 2002. This paper uses a case study of a particular UK health authority as a vehicle to illustrate the complexity of the social and technical considerations surrounding this issue. At a grass roots level, the adoption and diffusion of information technology within general practices (surgeries or groups of GPs) is highly varied and there are huge contrasts in the levels of commitment to information management. Within the case study this is evident on an individual level, in that some GPs enthuse about technology, while others are positively "technophobic". On the general practice level, there are other elements to consider, especially in relation to the levels of financial support available. Non-fund holding general practices in socially deprived areas are far less willing to embrace information management and technology. One explanation suggested for this is based on priorities: when faced with the option of "cruising" the information superhighway, as opposed to treating seriously ill patients living in socially deprived areas, the former may simply be relegated as less important.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010322957
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Segment-based mass customization: an exploration of a new conceptual marketing framework (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 215-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: In this paper, it is argued that the concept of mass customization should not be treated as an alternative strategy to market segmentation. It should be seen as an integral part of market segmentation theory which offers the best way to satisfy individual consumer's unique needs and wants while yielding profits to companies. Though the overall objective of the concept of mass customization is to recognize individual differences among customers and modify the offerings accordingly, by using the logic of the segmentation theory, this paper argues that mass customization is also not simply equal to segmenting-to-one. If all the relevant variables that affect buyer behavior are taken into account, the result is an untenably large number of market segments (finally segment of one). However, practically, creating separate marketing programs for each individual in most circumstances will become extremely difficult, even not feasible, and less profitable. In response to this dilemma, this paper proposes a new concept of "Segment-based mass customization". The basic idea behind this concept is that, mass customization is the efforts of reaching a segment unit efficiently and profitably. The efficiency and profitability will be determined by whether the mass customization is based on an optimal segment size, which is subject to the market situation and company resources. Finally, this paper comes up with a series of propositions which are relevant to developing a good customization strategy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010331975
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Internet-based security incidents and the potential for false alarms (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 238-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The paper explains the background to experimental work that was conducted with the aim of measuring aspects of the WWW (specifically the average lifetime of a web link and the impact of the "Millennium Bug"), but which inadvertently caused two perceived security breaches on remote systems. The paper explains the nature of these incidents and considers why, when over 700,000 IP addresses were randomly sampled in the experimental study, only two sites considered the activity to be an attempt to breach their security. It is concluded that, while the appropriate protection of Internet-based systems is undoubtedly of importance, the problems experienced during the experimental study suggest a lack of uniformity in what different organisations will class as a security breach.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010331984
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The evolution of software pricing: from box licenses to application service provider models (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 246-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Software is the intellectual capital output of the codified knowledge of a programming team. The development cost is high, but the variable cost of sale is substantially lower (negligible) than for hard goods. Unfortunately, there does not exist a valid or reliable measure to value software. The trend has been to align pricing to the activities that buyers realize value from. However, new architectures change the nature of where value is realized and how service becomes part of the equation. There does not exist a perfect generic pricing model. Vendors must understand the value they provide to their customers and create a price structure that aligns pricing with value realization, but more importantly facilitates their business objectives of the product (and service).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010331993
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A qualitative study and model of the use of e-mail in organisations (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 271-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: A huge upsurge in the growth of e-mail is expected but there has been relatively little published advice on how to take a corporate view of electronic mail, despite demonstration of its operational benefits and of the consequences of its misuse in economic, human and lately in legal terms. This article contributes to formation of such advice. Employing a mix of questionnaire and interview methods, a set of disparate organisations was studied - a global financial services company, an upmarket hotel group, a well-established mobile-telecommunications company, and three universities. The results were used to devise a multi-dimensional "positioning" model, for practical use by managers to understand their organisations' present use of e-mail on four dimensions: information management, people influences, corporate culture, and knowledge management. Shows how an organisation can find/change its present position on the model.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010342531
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Metacognitive research and development framework (MRDF) for Internet instructional science software (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 329-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: This project developed and implemented a prototype WWW-based instructional learning system modeled around a metacognitive research and development framework which mapped cognitive variables, to metacognitive learning strategies for those variables, to metadata for the instructional design of the media. The framework helped delineate learning strategies and related metacognitive attributes of young students acquiring knowledge in advanced science concepts in an Internet/browser-based environment. The framework also provided a basis for learner-specific Internet content personalization.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010342630
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Knowledge work and telework: an exploratory study (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 346-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Describes a case research study into how knowledge workers adopt telework as an alternative work arrangement. It reports how knowledge workers in two New Zealand organisations organise their workload to take advantage of the information and Internet technology available to them in their work and home environments. The findings of the study indicate that knowledge workers are inclined to use home-based teleworking as an adjunct to the work done during normal business hours. Their preference is still to work at the office for most of their work time. Discusses the implications of the findings for practice and research.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010342658
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The First World Congress on the Management of Electronic Commerce: review and commentary (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 365-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Summarizes some of the key findings of academic papers presented at the First World Congress on the Management of Electronic Commerce, which took place in January, 2000, in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, sponsored by McMaster University. The conference was attended by 243 delegates from more than 25 countries. Outlines two meta-management issues including: the importance of taking a strategic approach to Internet ventures as well as considering infrastructure design during implementation. Several of the papers presented fell into three broad functional categories including operations, human resources and marketing. Finally, a summary of internationalization and education implications is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349372
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Implications of the dynamics of the new networked economy for e-business start-ups: the case of Philips' Access Point (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 459-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Explores how the spread of connectivity and the introduction of new standards is driving the emergence of entirely new value constructs that deliver to multiple stakeholders. Examines the new economics of network growth and the associated "economics of increasing returns". Looks at the dynamic trajectory of this function from the perspective of new business development at the various stages of the trajectory, and derives management implications for each stage in terms of appropriate competitive and market strategies, organizational structure and management practices. Applies the resulting framework to discuss specific implications for the business start-up of Access Point, Philips' new multimedia, voice technology-based information and on-line services venture that has at its core a disruptive technology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349471
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A relationship-building model for the Web retail marketplace (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 374-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Electronic commerce has existed in the business-to-business marketplace since the 1970s, in forms such as electronic data interchange (EDI) and electronic funds transfer (EFT). With the emergence of the Internet, and the World Wide Web in particular, electronic commerce entered a new era which opened the door for an electronic business-to-consumer marketplace. Although the retail side of electronic commerce is still in its infancy, the Web medium offers great potential for building the customer-base, promoting sales, and improving after-sales service. Examines the concept of relationship marketing, which has caused a paradigm shift in business-to-business marketing during recent years. Extends the concepts of network marketing to the Web retail marketplace, and develops a market process model for Web retailing that outlines the stages of the relationship building process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349381
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Managing business-to-business relationships throughout the e-commerce procurement life cycle (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 385-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: E-commerce technologies provide effective and efficient ways in which corporate buyers can gather information rapidly about available P/S (products and services), evaluate and negotiate with suppliers, implement order fulfillment over communications links, and access post-sales services. From the supplier side, marketing, sales, and service information is also readily gathered from customers. Building and maintaining customer relationships is the key to success in e-commerce and, unless service is maintained, customer loss may result, more than offsetting any cost efficiencies due to introducing e-commerce technology. Since the core of e-commerce is information and communications, support for managing customer relationships is available to those who know how to use it. Discusses how technology can be used to encourage and facilitate customer-business relationships. Shows through a customer relationship life cycle model how the management of related procurement functions in customer companies can adjust to take advantage of these relationships.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349390
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A buyer behaviour framework for the development and design of software agents in e-commerce (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 396-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Software agents are computer programs that run in the background and perform tasks autonomously as delegated by the user. Although there has been much research on this topic recently, usable software agents are at an early stage of development, and are only now starting to appear in real applications. Typical of these early stages, there has been a technology focus, rather than a product focus, in much of the development work to date. A fruitful application area for software agents is in the area of e-commerce, where potential buyers can easily be overwhelmed by the flood of information that is available, thus potentially making less than optimal purchasing decisions. This paper blends models from marketing and learnings from the field of decision support systems to build a framework for the design of software agents to support in e-commerce buying applications.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349408
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evaluating the role of intermediaries in the electronic value chain (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 406-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: E-commerce enables new kinds of business models to coordinate a value chain. Coordination of the value chain can be accomplished using direct communication or with the help of intermediaries such as brokers, dealers and auctions. The role of electronic intermediaries is becoming increasingly more important. The introduction of new business models in a value chain is a cumbersome process, due to the complexity of the value chain, unclear implications, different goals and interests of the stakeholders and unclear business models. Therefore, there is a need for a business engineering methodology that supports the design and development of new business models by helping the identification of these new business models and by providing insight into the implications of these business models. A business engineering methodology is presented that supports the identification and evaluation of various alternative value chain configurations. The goal of this methodology is to give stakeholders insight into their current, and possible alternative, situations by means of visualization, to evaluate the added value of business models using simulation and to gain experience with the new business models using gaming.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349417
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Meta-management of virtual organizations: toward information technology support (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 451-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Electronic commerce enables organizations to form virtual organizations. Shifting between different linkages of the partners for satisfying a need is the major characteristic of the virtual organization, and meta-management beyond the individual organizational level must be applied in order to optimize the benefit for the entire organizational network. This paper proposes a meta-management support system to support the meta-management in virtual organizations. Object-oriented organization modeling and virtual value chain analysis are used to implement the proposed meta-management support system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349462
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Strategic management of electronic commerce: an adaptation of the balanced scorecard (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 439-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The balanced scorecard is a formal management technique that is built on the premise that measurement is a prerequisite to strategic management. A broad range of business goals can be incorporated in the scorecard and realistic performance targets can be aligned with business strategies. Electronic commerce is rapidly becoming concerned with the many different ways organisations do business and is therefore an area of strategic concern to organisations. A case study of the implementation of the balanced scorecard in a public utility will be analysed to suggest how the basic concepts and philosophy of the balanced scorecard can be retained in its adaptation to the strategic management of electronic commerce.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349453
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Enabling integrated decision making for electronic commerce by modelling an enterprise's sharable knowledge (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 418-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: A key benefit of advances in information technology has been the increased ability to make decisions that integrate different perspectives. Enterprise resource planning software integrates information from traditionally disparate parts of the same organization. Search engines and Internet services allow a user to integrate information from sources all over the world. So what kind of integrated decisions can the e-commerce supplier or customer make? From a technological perspective, the answer to this question depends on the following: how a given organization presents its information to others, and how it finds the right information from others. A useful tool for e-commerce suppliers and customers to make integrated decisions is an enterprise model, a computational model of the knowledge about an enterprise - its products, processes, organizational structures, resources, goals, and constraints. Sharable knowledge, once organized and represented in an enterprise model, can then be integrated by the modelled enterprise's e-commerce partners. Presents background on enterprise modelling followed by the key managerial and technological challenges in extending traditional models of the enterprise for e-commerce. Finally, discusses research to address some of these challenges.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349435
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bringing the Internet and multimedia revolution to the classroom (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 17 (2000), S. 16-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Besieged by the distance learning revolution, many senior university and college administrators are asking: how can traditional classroom teaching be modified in order to keep pace with the rapidly evolving high-tech marketplace for higher education? The Faculty of Social Science at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel launched a three-year pilot project to use multimedia and distance learning tools to improve classroom teaching. There are initial signs of success for this unique project that knits together powerful new multimedia infrastructure, WWW course sites, and electronic "smart classrooms." This article proposes nine political guidelines for university administrators who seek to advance similar pilots but who also fear that faculty members will oppose such revolutionary projects.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650740010317023
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Delivering distance education through technology: a pioneer's experience (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 17 (2000), S. 49-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Recent developments in technology have provided educators with an extremely wide variety of electronic tools to assist them in achieving one of their primary objectives - the transmission of knowledge to others. One of the most important uses of these technologies in higher education has been their employment for the delivery of distance education. This article describes the types of technology available for the delivery of distance education (computer-assisted education systems, audio/video-mediated education systems, and computer-mediated education systems), and has documented the effectiveness of these tools. It also discusses the successful experience of the school that pioneered the use of technology to deliver distance in the discipline of social work.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650740010317005
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Computer technology in the College of Agriculture classroom at Louisiana State University (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 17 (2000), S. 81-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Reports on a study conducted in 1998 at the Louisiana State University College of Agriculture on using technology in the classroom environment. Results indicate that students are generally computer literate with 80 per cent either owning or planning to purchase a personal computer in the next year. Eighty-five per cent prefer computer-supported teaching that includes the Internet and multimedia classroom technologies. Sixty-five per cent of students believe that computer-based technology in the classroom is very important regarding future competitiveness in the job market. Finally, significant gaps were found between student proficiency and desire to learn more about many technologies including databases, presentation graphics, video presentations and Web page design.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650740010341422
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    NaLER: a natural language method for interpreting entity-relationship models (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 17 (2000), S. 85-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Entity-relationship (E-R) models continue to be the most common means of documenting the data requirements of information systems. Whether used as the basis for relational database design or to record organisational conceptual data structures, it is essential that the information content (the semantics) of such models is clearly understood by both the builders and the users of such models. In particular, novice data modellers, or users, and their teachers need to understand how well a model represents a particular scenario description. Presents a practical method that has been developed for use by data modelling students. This method, termed NaLER (Natural Language for E-R), provides student data modellers with a more organised way of assessing the information content of models that they or others have produced. It can also be used as a means of comparing those models with the information contained within the original description of the Universe of Discourse (UoD). It is suggested that the method could be of practical benefit not only to students but also to anyone with a need to ascertain the semantic content of a data model.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650740010326627
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Adaptive Web site for distance learning (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Campus-wide information systems 17 (2000), S. 120-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1065-0741
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: University distance learning is benefiting from the intensive use of Internet resources. The variety of information and services offered, together with different kinds of students, are impeding efficient use of this medium. In order to alleviate these problems and other associated ones, a Web site is being developed to facilitate personalised access to these resources. This site is based on three essential elements: new teaching materials to make the most of the medium, alternative teaching organisation adapted to the requirements of the different protagonists (students, lecturers and tutors) and an interactive system, WebDL, which facilitates personalised and adaptive access to information and communication requirements to each and every user at each and every moment. To date, the resources and material for three computer studies courses are being developed at Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), whose delivery depends on the Artificial Intelligence Department.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10650740010350693
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Using the Internet for B2B activities: a review and future directions for research (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 126-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Illustrates some of the challenges that electronic commerce practitioners and researchers face. A theoretical framework for Web users' behaviour is developed. Research themes or questions concerning relationships between cross-national differences, demographics, perceived threats and Web use; assessment of on-line information for different categories of product; influence of people's technology resistance on attitudes toward, and behaviours regarding, online shopping; and how these factors affect people's attempt to externalize costs (e.g. transaction costs) are outlined. The article analyses different decisional contexts for Web shopping, comparing commodity products to products that require engineering support; while the hype is generally on the first, customized and specialty products may be more attractive from a business perspective. Internet commerce of technical products, in the context of corporate purchasing, has been largely ignored. After reviewing the existing literature, the article concludes by presenting future research challenges and practical implications for organizations willing to take advantage of the opportunities the Web offers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010322911
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Australian academic use of the Internet: implications for university administrators (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 141-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Reports on the first-ever nationwide quantitative survey of academic staff use of the Internet. After briefly noting reasons for adopting a mailed-out survey, the article discusses some of the results obtained. These include daily use of e-mail, access to the Internet via remote dial-in services and technical support provided to academics. More than one-third of respondents seem in need of more training in Net use and time limitations and lack of training are typical barriers to effective use. The study concludes with opportunities for further research at both national and international levels and discusses possible implications for university administrators. The full report of the study is published as Academics Online (Auslib Press, Adelaide, 1998). The research team also included Edna Sharpe of the Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010322920
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Parallel computing using Web servers and "servlets" (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 160-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Presents inexpensive ways to implement a virtual parallel computer with multiple Web servers. "Servlets" are used instead of CGI programs. Compares the multiple Web server model with a multiple-client model. Experiments are conducted to test the performance of these two parallel systems. The performance of these two models is then compared. The advantages and limitations of these models are also discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010322948
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Commercial Web sites: lost in cyberspace? (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 150-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: How easy are business Web sites for potential customers to find? This paper reports on a survey of 60,087 Web sites from 42 of the major general and commercial domains around the world to extract statistics about their design and rate of search engine registration. Search engines are used by the majority of Web surfers to find information on the Web. However, 23 per cent of business Web sites in the survey were not registered at all in the five major search engines tested and 82 per cent were not registered in at least one, missing a sizeable potential audience. There are some simple steps that should also be taken to help a Web site to be indexed properly in search engines, primarily the use of HTML META tags for indexing, but only about a third of the site home pages in the survey used them. Wide national variations were found for both indexing and META tag inclusion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010322939
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Print and Internet catalog shopping: assessing attitudes and intentions (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 191-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The use of print catalogs for direct marketing has a long history of success. Today, telecommunication networks, such as the Internet, offer the potential to reach a larger market through the use of online catalogs that could be dynamic, flexible, and consumer-responsive. This paper reports the results of an empirical study that compared individuals' attitudes and intentions to shop using print and Internet catalogs. The findings suggest that individuals perceived differences between the two catalog media on the shopping factors of reliability, tangibility, and consumer risk. Further, product value, pre-order information, post-selection information, shopping experience, and consumer risk emerged as the factors that influenced attitudes and intentions to shop using print and Internet catalogs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010331948
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Market-based predictors of interactivity at Southeast Asian online newspapers (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 227-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Market-based and press-freedom variables were tested as predictors of "interactive" online journalism at the Web companions of 17 English-language Asian newspapers. A multidimensional conception of interactivity was used in the analysis. The findings suggest that market-based variables predict only certain facets of an online newspaper's interactivity. Press-freedom variables were not fruitful predictors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010331966
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Product searching with shopping bots (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 203-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Shopping bots are an important new innovation which support consumers with the product search and identification stage in e-shopping. This paper reviews the search facilities offered by shopping bots. A number of shopping bots that include books in their product range, have been visited with a view to analysing their search facilities. Using trial searches for three different best-selling books, title, author, and keyword search facilities available in a number of bots were further investigated. Finally the output from the search in terms of the number of items, and suppliers identified, and the price, was analysed. The effectiveness of bots does not only depend upon search facilities but also depends upon product coverage, and other added value features such as publisher and consumer reviews. Consumer search behaviour, in general, and the way in which consumers will use shopping bots are fruitful areas for further research.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010331957
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The development of B2C e-commerce in Greece: current situation and future potential (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 284-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The development of Internet applications for business use is expected to change the way organisations operate, and improve their customer services. However, the potential of the Internet to improve customer satisfaction has not been studied, either in countries with well-developed electronic markets or in countries in the early stages of e-commerce. This article reports on the results of a survey of 120 companies in Greece. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of customer-oriented Internet applications and to investigate how the Internet and e-commerce can offer new opportunities for businesses to improve their customers' satisfaction.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010342568
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Developing usable Web sites - a review and model (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 295-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: The number and range of organisations developing a Web site is growing rapidly. Many of these Web sites are developed in-houseeven though the skills and resources required for developing a successful site may not be available. It is argued that some of the limitations in terms of resources and skills inherent in the small-scale in-house development environment can be overcome through the adoption of an informal Web site development model and suitable usability methods. Presents an informal development model synthesised from a review of development case studies and published Web research literature. This model identifies the main stages and tasks of development. A review of information gathering and usability methods currently being employed is integrated into the model. The importance of understanding user and information provider needs is discussed. A number of common usability methods are then examined in greater detail. The appropriateness of the model and methods for the small-scale in-house development environment is considered.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010342577
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Domain name and site hosting preferences: empirical evidence (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 308-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: At the Multimedia University, Malaysia, a first-year undergraduate course in electronic commerce was given the task of evaluating commercial Web sites. The existence of the host was verified when it was added to the sample, and again six months later. The sample was then analysed for correlation between domain names and regional allocation of IP addresses. Three characteristics of the sample stand out. First, in many cases the top-level domain name does not correspond to the location of the host; there is a noticeable bias toward hosting sites with regional domain names in North America. Second, dot COM and certain regional domains seem to dominate the Internet commercial landscape. Finally, there is a measurable rate of attrition over time, which may or may not be truly significant.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010342595
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Use of query reformulation and relevance feedback by Excite users (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 317-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: Examines the use of query reformulation, and particularly the use of relevance feedback by users of the Excite Web search engine. A total of 985 user search sessions from a data set of 18,113 user search sessions containing 51,473 queries were examined. Includes a qualitative and quantitative analysis of 191 user sessions including more than one query, to examine patterns of user query reformulation; and second, all 804 user sessions including relevance feedback were examined. Results show limited use of query reformulation and relevance feedback by Excite users - only one in five users reformulated queries. Most relevance feedback sessions were successful. Identifies the most common pattern of searching and discusses implications for Web search system design.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010342621
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A services-marketing perspective on e-retailing: implications for e-retailers and directions for further research (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 10 (2000), S. 424-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik
    Notizen: There has been an explosion in the number of retail Web sites since 1995, e-retail offering shares a few common elements specifically a product search facility (often augmented by a product evaluation facility), an on-line purchase function and a product delivery capability. There is a body of theory and empirical research in the study of customer loyalty drivers in the services sector, which demonstrates that customers evaluate services on the basis of tangibles, responsiveness, empathy, assurance, reliability and control. These service qualities depend on the customer's perception of the overall service experience. The most influential element in the service experience is the relationship between the service provider and the customer. The Internet is a poor service delivery medium, it lacks the capacity for direct personal interaction enjoyed by non-Internet based services. Sets out a number of marketing and Website design implications for e-retailers and suggests means by which e-retailers can manage customer perceptions to increase sales and develop greater customer loyalty.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240010349444
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of environmental factors on the atmospheric corrosion of mild steel in aggressive sea coastal environment (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Anti-corrosion 47 (2000), S. 215-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-5599
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The eastern coast of Saudi Arabia has one of the most corrosive environments in the world. Dhahran is therefore an ideal location for the study of atmospheric corrosion. One out of every seven cars in the region is corroded. The atmosphere is contaminated by SO2 and a high concentration of suspended particulate matter (SPM) containing sand, salt and carbon particles, exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) and Middle East Environmental Protection Agency (MEPA) limits most of the time. Corrosion proceeds in the Dhahran atmosphere at a R.H. as low as 40 per cent. At locations close to the sea (1.5 Km), ß-FeOOH is the major corrosion product and a- and ?-FeOOH with some aluminates, silicates and hydrocarbons the minor products. At a location remote from the sea a- and ?-FeOOH are found to be the major corrosion products as shown by XRD and FTIR spectroscopy. The concentration of hydrogen ions, chloride ions and SO2 appears to control the corrosion process during the initial exposure period up to one year and the adsorption of anions on the corrosion product films in the later period.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00035590010344312
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optimising the corrosion protective abilities of lamellar micaceous iron oxide containing primers (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Anti-corrosion 47 (2000), S. 226-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-5599
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Lamellar micaceous iron oxide paints are successfully employed to provide longlife corrosion protection for metallic structures when exposed to highly aggressive environments. The aim of this work was to formulate and manufacture lamellar micaceous iron oxide paints, able to be used on the protection of steel structures exposed to water. Several formulation and manufacture variables were taken into account. Many paint films fail when they are saturated with moisture and blistering is a common failure because primers usually are not designed to allow the liquid to dissipate back out through the film. Consequently the film can not resist the formation of projections which result in local adhesion loss. For maximum durability, primers must be properly formulated and manufactured. Film permeability, which depends on paint composition (pigment volume concentration) and micaceous iron oxide dispersion time, seems to be the key characteristic controlling subsequent coating performance. Laboratory results indicated that lamellar micaceous iron oxide is a pigment which provides an anticorrosive action by providing a barrier effect. Film permeability must be compatible so as to attain a satisfactory rusting and blistering resistance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00035590010344321
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Corrosion behaviour of Monel in phosphoric acid (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Anti-corrosion 47 (2000), S. 285-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-5599
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Nickel alloys are widely used as constructional materials in chemical processing industries. They are very resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion. In the present work, the corrosion behaviour of Monel in phosphoric acid of different concentrations has been studied by weight loss and electrochemical methods. It has been observed from the polarization studies that the passivation range slightly varies with H3PO4 concentration. The nature of the passive film has been investigated using the electrochemical impedance method.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00035590010351521
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Environmentally adapted lubricants in Swedish forest industry - a critical review and case study (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 116-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: During the last ten years, a gradual conversion from mineral oil based hydraulic fluids to environmentally adapted lubricants (EALs), has taken place in the forest industry in Sweden. The current market share of the EALs is ca. 80 percent of the mobile hydraulic fluids utilised. The original driving force of this change can be traced to end-user demands, especially paper and pulp consumers in Germany. The Swedish standard SS 15 54 34 was in 1997 supplemented with environmental criteria derived from the "Ren Smörja" ("Clean Lubrication") environmental project in the city of Göteborg. The reliable third-party validation offered by SP (Swedish National Testing and Research Institute), the present stewards of the "Clean Lubrication" list, has proven to be another important factor. By comparison to the German Blue Angel Eco-labelling scheme, the Swedish SP-list approval is somewhat easier to attain, and has provided a flexible base for the development of new products.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010326438
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Micropitting resistant industrial gear oils with balanced performance (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 125-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: This paper reviews the performance features of a new generation of industrial gear oils, developed for both mineral and synthetic base oils. These new products were designed to provide the highest levels of protection against the relatively new wear mechanism called micropitting. However, great stress was placed on providing these new products with balanced performance capabilities, so that they will perform with high reliability in the wide variety of conditions to which modern industrial gear oils are exposed. Performance areas such as filterability, foam control, corrosion protection, water separation, oxidation control and bearing protection were of particular concern. This paper compares the overall performance of these new technologies with conventional commercial products and it describes the extensive rig and field-testing used to confirm their performance. It also reviews the phenomenon of gear micropitting and optimum methods for its assessment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010371762
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tribology in magnetic recording technology (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 157-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Tribology problems occurring in high performance tape and disk systems are discussed. The head/medium interface is described for the case of lightly loaded contacts between a magnetic tape and a read/write head, and the parameters determining the design and the tribological performance of the head/flexible medium interface are discussed. In addition, the head/disk interface in the case of very small spacing is analyzed and the tribology problems encountered in the case of very small head/disk spacing are summarized. Finally, an overview of future tribology trends in magnetic recording technology is given.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010372013
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Action mechanism of oil-soluble potassium-containing antioxidant synergists: evidence for micellar inhibition (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 137-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: One of the most promising synergistic compositions for use in high-temperature lubricants comprises aromatic amine and an oil-soluble alkali metal compound although action mechanism of this synergism is still questionable. The greatest efficiency of this additive pair is demonstrated for PEE based compositions using thin-layer oxidation test at 250°C. Addition of potassium-containing additive to aromatic amine antioxidant results in decreasing of formation of strongly-oxidized substances. Determination of electrophysical parameters (dielectric constant and specific conductivity) for tested samples indicates formation of reversed micelles at the potassium content of about 0.6·10-2 mol/l, and the latter corresponds to the potassium content that provides the highest antioxidant efficiency. A novel method of inhibiting oxidation is proposed: micellar inhibition that suggests novel possibilities for protection of lubricants against oxidative degradation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010371771
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fuel economy of multigrade gear lubricants (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 165-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The paper discusses the setup of a light duty axle efficiency test in evaluating gear lubricants for their fuel economy performance. Data collected with an internal reference oil highlight the repeatability of the test in different axles. Comparisons between single grade SAE 90 to multigrade gear lubricants were made under a variety of pinion torques and speeds to simulate highway and city driving conditions. A discussion of lubricant rheology and its importance to maintaining film strength for adequate bearing and gear lubrication for optimum torque efficiency and axle temperature is provided.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010333610
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An algorithm to estimate the friction energy of a grease lubricated contact (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 174-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: This paper presents a tribological analysis of a grease lubricated contact with a consideration of the grease structure (density distribution).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010372022
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hydrodynamic mobility analysis of axial vane lift mechanisms in cylindrical cams (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 178-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: In this paper a new method for the hydrodynamic analysis of a sliding cylinder in a lubricated parallel track is presented. The method is an extension of Booker's "Mobility Method" (developed for cylindrical journal bearings) for the case of a non-rotating sliding cylinder in a parallel track. In this application, the clearance between the track and the cylinder, the viscosity of the lubricant, the radius and length of the pin, the sliding velocity and the applied transverse load determine the hydrodynamic behavior of the slider cylinder. An axial positive displacement vane device is used to illustrate the applicability of the hydrodynamic mobility approach for a lubrication analysis. A rotor and a stationary cylindrical cam with cycloidal tracks drive the axicycloidal motion of vanes. A case analysis is presented for a device running at constant speed, in which the inertia forces, friction forces and direct vane loads are taken into account to determine the hydrodynamic behavior of the sliding pins. The following results are produced: pin eccentricity paths, minimum lubricant film thickness history, peak film pressure history and pressure distributions on the cylindrical at any point of the motion. Results show small departures from the purely cycloidal lift-dwell-return-dwell motion of the vanes due to the hydrodynamic performance of the pins.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010333629
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Handbook for grease applications (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 221-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The process of finding the ultimate grease is described in this report using an example from railway applications. This example includes steps such as a requirement list, field tests, laboratory tests and an evaluation method. The example deals with the problems discovered in a field test performed to determine the best grease for tapered roller bearings in railway wagon wheels and to increase the knowledge of grease lubrication. Seven different fully formulated commercial greases were examined in the wheel bearings of one ore wagon, used for transporting ore commercially by railway from the Kiruna Mine in northern Sweden to Narvik in northern Norway for shipping to foreign markets. The steps performed in this study are recommended in all problems associated with finding the optimal grease for different types of applications.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010373184
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Automotive lubricants for the next millennium (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 209-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: During the first decades of the next millennium, automobile manufacturers will strive to achieve, in the USA, another twofold increase in energy efficiency and tenfold reduction in emission levels. On the way to achieving these goals, automobile manufacturers will be improving efficiency and emissions of internal combustion engines, while minimizing customer servicing requirements, as well as introducing new unconventional engine technologies and gradually changing energy sourcing from oil to gas, and possibly to hydrogen. Numerous supporting technologies, such as electronics, computers, sensors, fuels, catalysts, lubricants, etc., will be involved in contributing to engine system improvements. This paper describes expected improvements and changes in lubricant technology and points out the need for development of "breakthrough" technologies which could satisfy the near-term requirements and eventually in the long term, in combination with novel surface technologies and engine design changes, lead to fill-for-life engine lubrication.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010373175
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Structural mechanism of action of some additives to lubricant (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 186-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Antiwear mechanism of action of some chemical elements added to lubricant is studied. These elements are transferred from the lubricant into the surface layers of the sliding pair during friction. The mechanism is based on the influence of these elements on the stacking fault energy (SFE) of the materials in the friction pair and leads to changes in the fragmented structure formed in the metals under plastic deformation. Work hardening of the metal surface layers and their predisposition to wear are changed accordingly. Copper and Armco iron, as typical FCC and BCC metals, were chosen for the friction pair materials. Si, Ni, Zn, Co and Ti were used as the additive components to the lubricant. It was found that the addition of different elements to the lubricant leads to alloying by these elements of the surface layers of the metal during the process of friction. It was found that alloying by elements which decreases the SFE of the metal, the average size of surface layer fragments formed during friction increases and the wear rate decreases. The possibility of controlling the wear resistance of metals during friction through the use of appropriate additives is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010333638
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Recent developments in specification of "prelubes", combining processes between the mill and the motor industry (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 233-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: This paper looks at the development of prelubes, new coating fluids which can eliminate application of further specialist deep drawing compounds at the press shop. The work carried out by the German Motor Industry, VDA, to establish a specification for prelubes is highlighted, and the full sequence of tests and stages built into this new specification is outlined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010373193
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Short test procedures versus long time tests: new aspects (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 268-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Lubricants are very complex mixtures of components. To predict their behaviour over a long time it is necessary to make a lot of machinery element tests. This paper tries to give an insight into how lubricants can be estimated in their structure by IR-microscopy and how this procedure could lead to a short prediction of their long-time behaviour in time- and cost-expansive machinery element testing.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010378242
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization and modelling of piston ring-cylinder tribosystem microtopography in lubricated contact (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 257-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: A study of piston ring-cylinder tribological behaviour under mixed lubrication mode is usually based upon data regarding surface contact magnitudes, fluid film characteristics and resultant mixed friction forces. The present paper introduces a Fisher-Pearson statistical model to describe elastic deformation of piston rings and liners' asperities in order to derive more realistic functions that represent the aforementioned functional quantities considering real surfaces of used and worn liners. The hypothesis that the microtopography follows Gaussian law overestimates critical contact magnitudes such as: minimum film thickness-surface separation distance, deformed asperities supported load, number of contacts and contact area. Increased time of use and wear of liners decreases transverse geometrical anisotropy. Correction contact integral functions in cases of used liners' surfaces may be calculated through surface profile measurements. Theoretical and experimental results are in good agreement for the configuration considered.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010352664
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the shape of the lubricant film for the optimum performance of a longitudinal rough slider bearing (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 273-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Efforts have been made to study the optimum film profile for a longitudinally rough slider bearing. The roughness of the bearing surface is modelled by stochastic random variable with non-zero mean, variance and skewness. The governing differential equation for lubricant pressure is the Reynolds equation which is stochastically averaged with respect to the random roughness parameter. The method of infinitesimal is used to determine the optimum lubricant film profile. Results for the step location, step height ratio and the bearing performance characteristics, such as load carrying capacity of the bearing, centre of pressure, frictional force and coefficient of friction for different values of a, s and e, are numerically computed and tabulated. It is observed that the parameters a, s and e characterizing the surface roughness of the bearing affect the bearing performance characteristics significantly.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010352682
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Modern heavy duty diesel engine cold start wear study (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 277-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Increasingly stringent European market requirements for improved heavy duty diesel engine performance, such as fuel economy and durability, continue to highlight the need for higher performance engine lubricants. To meet this need, new additive technology is being used in combination with higher quality base-stocks and has resulted in a growing trend towards the use of oils of lower viscosities than those used in the past. Such a trend has led to some concern over the ability of low viscous oils to maintain adequate engine wear protection, not only during extended service operations but also under the more severe conditions of low temperature engine start-up. This paper describes the results of a recent study to evaluate the effect of base oil composition and viscosity grade on the low temperature performance of a modern Euro II diesel engine with respect to wear, using the technique of Thin Layer Activation. Engine test results showed that the use of full synthetic SAE 5W40 grade oils based on Polyalphaolefin provided enhanced low temperature cylinder liner wear protection.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010352691
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hydrodynamics of a slider cylinder on a parallel track: mobility method of solution (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 5-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The system studied here consists of a non-rotating cylinder sliding inside a fully lubricated parallel track with a prescribed longitudinal velocity, carrying a transverse load (normal to the track). Reynolds equations are used for the particular case of a non-rotating sliding cylinder in a fully lubricated track. Two short-bearing mobility charts are developed for a normalized clearance track (equivalent to those developed by Booker for journal-bearings). Pressure distributions around the cylinder and motion paths within the clearance track are produced for prescribed transverse loading and longitudinal speed requirements for hydrodynamic analysis purposes. Numerical application examples are presented for general and specific cases at the end.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010308384
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Testing device compatibility and possible measurement errors in dry sliding (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 15-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Attempts to reveal some of the factors that might cause measurement and evaluation errors in dry sliding. Discusses matters such us "what" and "how" is simulated and "why" and "what" is really measured and suggests ways to tackle these matters. Presents means of avoiding measurement errors as well as suitable testing procedures. Suggests a strategy of experimental work that encompasses the needs of both pure research and engineering design. It was found that the pin-on-disc test largely satisfies the conditions for a good simulation of certain engineering applications while providing a wealth of data for both scientific insight and engineering design.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010308393
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Grease lubrication of roller bearings in railway waggons. Part 1: field tests and systematic evaluation to determine the optimal greases (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 36-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Describes a comprehensive field test to determine the best grease for spherical roller bearings in railway waggon wheels and increase the knowledge of grease lubrication. Nine different fully-formulated commercial greases were examined in the wheel bearings of five ore waggons, used for transporting ore commercially by railroad from the Kiruna Mine in northern Sweden to Narvik in northern Norway for shipping to foreign markets. After the end of the test period, the wear and electrical damage, as well as the rust on the bearings, were also studied. In order to find out the optimum grease for this application, draws up a specification of requirements and uses a systematic approach to development of an evaluation method that could be applied to greases in actual service.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010308410
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparative study of wear mechanism of duplex treated M7 HSS drill bits (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 30-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The surface coating of drill bits improves the tool life considerably and enhances the end product quality. The improved coating is desirable for long service operations. One of the methods to achieve this is to develop an interface layer between the coat and the tool base such that the transition of shear properties occurs across the interface layer. The application of duplex treatment (plasma pre-nitriding before PVD TiN coating) to the tool surface becomes fruitful in this regard. In the present study, the wear properties of the duplex treated and untreated M7 HSS twist drill bits are examined. The wear tests are conducted on a dry base, and the feed rate and rotational speed are kept constant during the drilling tests. SEM and EDS are conducted to analyze the wear properties and metallurgical changes on the tool surface after the tests. It is found that the build up edge forms on the untreated tool surface, which in turn results in adhesion and abrasive wear. In the case of duplex treated drill bit, thinning of TiN coat is observed, but the coat is neither partially nor totally pealed off from the tool surface in the wear land.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010308401
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of a cationic surfactant on the inhibition efficiency of calcium gluconate - Zn system (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Anti-corrosion 47 (2000), S. 11-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-5599
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The influence of a cationic surfactant, N-cetyl-N, N, N-trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) on the inhibition efficiency (IE) of calcium gluconate (CG) - Zn2+ system in controlling corrosion of mild steel in a neutral aqueous environment containing 60ppm Cl- has been evaluated by weight-loss method. The formulation consisting of 200 ppm CG and 50ppm Zn2+ has 86 per cent IE (immersion period = three days). Addition of various concentrations of CTAB to the above system improves the IE to 99 per cent. Presence of CTAB facilitates the transport of CG and Zn2+ from the bulk of the solution to the metal surface. The nature of the protective film formed on the surface of mild steel has been analysed by FTIR and fluorescence spectra. The protective film is found to be fluorescent and to consist of iron-CG complex, iron-CTAB complex and Zn(OH)2.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00035590010309951
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    How corrosion affects industry and life (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Anti-corrosion 47 (2000), S. 30-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-5599
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Corrosion management principles, along with conventional technical solutions to corrosion problems in industry, can be utilized to mitigate corrosion and its resulting problems.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00035590010310003
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Study of the effect of ethylene glycol and glycerol on the rate of electropolishing of copper by the rotating disk technique (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Anti-corrosion 47 (2000), S. 94-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-5599
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The rate of copper dissolution in the presence of phosphoric acid-alcohol mixtures was studied by measuring the limiting current density which represents that the rate of electropolishing is decreased by increasing phosphoric acid concentration, electrode height, and mole fraction of alcohol. Thermodynamic parameters are calculated. The rotating disk electrode is being used as a tool to study the influence of organic solvent addition on the rate of electropolishing of copper. Different reaction conditions such as temperature, speed of rotation of copper disk, the physical properties of solution are studied to obtain a dimensionless correlation between all these parameters. The data can be correlated by the following equations: Sh = 1.835 (Sc)0.33 (Re)0.36 (for ethylene glycol) Sh = 1.25 (Sc)0.33 (Re)0.5 (for glycerol) It is obvious that the exponent in the two cases denotes a laminar flow mechanism.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00035590010316458
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An examination of the cause of extensive corrosion of the shell of a 3CR12 conditioning tower in a cement plant (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Anti-corrosion 47 (2000), S. 152-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-5599
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The failure of a conditioning tower at a cement plant was investigated. It was found that the structure failed due to a combination of high temperature oxidation and sulphidation. This was aggravated by the presence of sodium and potassium salts in the exit gases. It was concluded that a stainless steel with a higher chromium content than the 3CR12 would be more suitable for this application.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00035590010334115
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A study of lead silicate glass degradation behaviour with reference to glass-to-metal seal applications (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Anti-corrosion 47 (2000), S. 280-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-5599
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Investigates the chemical resistance properties of lead silicate glasses suitable for compression-type glass-to-metal (GM) seals, to aggressive solvents, containing different amounts of Na, K, and Ba as modifier ions, in acidic and alkaline media. In general attack rate was observed to be higher in alkaline medium, with maximum dissolution of 53.35 mg/cm2 compared to the maximum of 10.6mg/cm2 in acidic medium after 50 hour exposure. An increase in the concentration of BaO was found to decrease the degradation rate, while samples with higher molar amounts of either Na2O or K2O showed more though similar damage rates. The degradation rate was observed to be linear for higher BaO concentration in alkali solution, whereas in other cases accelerated rates were observed with longer exposure time. GM seals prepared with glass, having higher BaO content, were less susceptible to damage and had higher insulation resistances.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00035590010351503
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hazardous accumulation of radioactive lead on the water wall tubes in coal fired boilers (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Anti-corrosion 47 (2000), S. 274-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-5599
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Dutch power companies recently have become aware of a hazard due to the presence of radioactive 210Pb in their boilers. In an investigation conducted by KEMA in The Netherlands it was discovered that 210Pb isotope accumulates within fire-side deposit layers that form on membrane waterwall tubes. Because the measured levels of total radioactivity exceeded the governmental regulation limit of 100 Bq/g, refurbishment activities in the boiler are subject to governmental authorization and must be conducted under the supervision of authorised radiation protection officers. The 210Pb material originates from decay of 238U, which is present in small amounts in coal. During combustion of the coal, heavy metals such as Pb evaporate and are present in the flue gas in the form of Pb, PbCl, PbCl2, PbS, PbS2 or PbSO4, dependent on the gas environment and temperature. These volatile products subsequently will condense at lower temperatures on the waterwall tubes in the boiler.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00035590010352368
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    RULL assessment by FTIR - a case study on HEMM in Indian mines (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 61-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Scheduled rejection of lubricants in central lubrication systems often leads to loss of lubricants as these could be used for a further long period. To avoid such loss, periodic monitoring of lubricants is suggested so as to forecast the time when the lubricant in a particular system of equipment loses its properties and requires to be drained-off and charged afresh. To assess the remaining useful life of lubricant (RULL) in use, a new method by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used. The work is supplemented by a case study on heavy earth moving machinery (HEMM) deployed in Indian mines.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010317348
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    High speed supports using aerostatic aerodynamic bearing (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 67-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Deals with the development of aerostatic-cum-aerodynamic hybrid conical bearings, running at 70,000 r.p.m., suitable for supports of high speed spindles. Conical bearing bush is designed for two plane admission, with eight holes in each plane, with a semi cone angle of 108. In case of static response, the interactions between the major parameters, are projected on 3D response surface curve. The results give the magnitude of radial load to get the benefit of optimally minimum eccentricity ratio. Experimental results show close agreement with the theoretical work in regard to "no-rotation" cases. The exponential relationship existing between eccentricity ratio, radial load and supply pressure is generalised. Rigidity for the bearings developed, as seen from the response surface, supports the observations of previous researchers. For the use of designers, vital operational parameters have been tabulated. Estimated and experimental values of these parameters compare reasonably.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010317357
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Assessment of useful life of lubricants using artificial neural network (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 105-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Most catastrophic failures of machines result from improper lubrication. The cost of lubricants can be up to 10-12 percent of the production cost an essential part of maintenance management, therefore it is essential that the optimization of lubricants is at the optimum. This paper decribes and considers present practice in lubricant condition monitoring.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010326410
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The development and application of synthetic food grade lubricants (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 110-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The use of lubricants in food production and processing is widely known. Over time, the regulations and requirements for lubricants in food machinery have evolved to include a wide variety of product technology. This technology includes many synthetic based formulated lubricants. This paper will focus on the types of lubricants available for use in the food industry, as well as the benefits and potential drawbacks of each lubricant type. It will also address the changing legislation surrounding the use of lubricants in food manufacturing and processing equipment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010326429
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Grease-lubrication of roller bearings in railway waggons. Part 2: laboratory tests and selection of proper test methods (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Industrial lubrication & tribology 52 (2000), S. 76-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0036-8792
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: New, undestroyed greases of the same brands as those used in a field test, described in Part 1, were examined using conventional methods, such as the SKF V2F test, the roll stability test (ASTM D-1831), the Grease Worker (ASTM D-217), the torque test (ASTM 1478-91), bleeding measurements ( IP 121), yield stress measurements, the 4-ball test (ASTM D 2266-86), base oil viscosity measurements, thickener content and the cone penetration test (ASTM D217-88). The greases have also been tested with several new test methods developed at the University. A specification for relevant testing methods was drawn up and the connections between the tested parameters were investigated. It was found that the mechanical stability could be predicted with a combination of ASTM D-1831 and the limiting shear stress coefficient ?. This coefficient is capable of predicting wear. It was found that the bearing temperature could be predicted by using the base oil viscosity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00368790010317366
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A structural theory of power-net applied to biaxial extension (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 12 (2000), S. 214-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Power-net is an extensible fabric and has a net structure. The biaxial extension property of this fabric is analysed and compared with experimental results obtained by a biaxial tensile tester.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220010345413
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Assessment of the quality of ladies' garment fabrics - a preliminary report (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 12 (2000), S. 205-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: In order to establish an objective method of evaluating ladies' garment fabrics by connecting the mechanical properties of ladies' garment fabrics to subjective evaluation, subjective assessments were examined by judges who work at textile mills or in the textile trade. We examined a method of deriving objective equations, a total hand value (THV) equation and a total appearance value (TAV) equation. The THV equation was derived directly from the mechanical properties of the fabrics and the TAV equation was derived from three mechanical parameters which are related to the beauty of garment appearance. In the case of the THV objective equation, the accuracy of regression was high within the same groups of judges; however, in the case of the TAV objective equation, accuracy was slightly low. Because there were few subjects and that caused deviation, the accuracy of prediction was slightly low; however, the objective evaluation was adequate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220010373205
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Objective hand measurement of materials used for disposable diapers (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 12 (2000), S. 184-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The objective hand measurement of the materials used for disposable diapers has been looked into, with consideration given to aspects of both dermatitis and comfort. The subjective hand of the commercially produced diapers both at the leg gatherings and at the center was assessed by mothers and female students. The mechanical and surface parameters of the diapers were measured with the KES-FB system. The equations that connect the material properties to the subjective hand were obtained by using the stepwise block-regression analysis method. It became clear that the hand of diapers could be predicted from the physical parameters, for which the calculated error was within the range of the standard deviation of the subjective hand value of each diaper. In a dry condition, it is expected that the hand of diapers could be satisfactorily evaluated by using only the surface and compression parameters.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220010345369
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Large deflection analysis using an energy method (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 12 (2000), S. 232-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Alternative differential equations to the heavy elastica equations are given and discussed. These differential equations are used for the solution of large deflection problems of flexible strips such as fabric.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220010373034
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Edge inspection in automatic stitching (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 12 (2000), S. 265-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The paper describes work relating to the laser line triangulation technique which has been used to inspect the edges of overlapping shoe components prior to the sewing operation. The laser line triangulation technique involves projecting a laser line on to a surface which can be viewed using an area camera. A surface height transition (edge) causes a discontinuity in the observed laser line. Different approaches for extracting the edge positions in the image co-ordinate system have been investigated based on the Hough transform, the spatial histogram, polynomial regression and the discrete first derivative. These edge detection algorithms are compared in terms of speed and precision performance. Three-dimensional scans of typical shoe component parts are presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220010344333
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Team-based sewn products manufacturing: a case study (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 12 (2000), S. 279-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Examines a team system using a case study approach in a sewn products plant that transitioned to the team system almost ten years ago. The theoretical framework utilized in the analysis of data was participative management, wherein it has been found that there is a relationship between employee knowledge and performance. Specific themes that arose were successes in the transition to the new team system, including benefits to the plant, and ongoing challenges of the new team system. Data were based on 16 in-depth personal interviews, observations, written documents, and informal conversations with plant employees. The key elements of success in the transition were commitment by upper level managers, education for all employees, and the establishment of open communication among employees and with management. The team system resulted in a number of benefits and challenges to the plant as a whole.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220010373061
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Modelling the "CLOAK" test: an example of two-dimensional elastica theory (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 12 (2000), S. 255-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Computational elastica theory is used to model a simple test for the bending properties of fabrics. This test, entitled the "CLOAK" test, was designed to offer practical experimental advantages over the established cantilever bending, of bending length, test. Computational elastica theory offers a routine method for modelling fabrics in cantilever bending. In this case, the CLOAK test is simulated and shown to be equivalent to both the bending length test and to a related test method proposed in the 1960s.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220010373052
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optimized garment pattern generation based on three-dimensional anthropometric measurement (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 12 (2000), S. 240-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: An automatic garment pattern generation system has been developed for the three-dimensional apparel CAD system. To substitute the garment fitting process, which requires lots of trial and error in the traditional pattern generation methods, we developed a new direct pattern generation method using body-garment shape matching process. In this method, we first generated a body model using three-dimensionally measured anthropometric data and transformed it to have a convex shape similar to that of a commonly used dummy model in garment design process. Then a typical garment model has been defined by measuring the surface information of a dummy model using stereoscopy and adjusting its shape considering the geometrical constraints of the underlying body model to obtain the optimum fit garment patterns. Finally, we developed a pattern flattening algorithm that flattens the three-dimensionally adjusted garment model into two-dimensional patterns considering the anisotropic properties of the fabric to be used.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220010373043
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of belt extensibility on variation of the relative position of a needle and a hook in a sewing machine (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of clothing science & technology 12 (2000), S. 303-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 0955-6222
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Considers the mathematical modelling of sewing machines. The machine with a rotary hook and with a feed mechanism driven by two triangle cams is studied. The behaviour of the system is described by a set of non-linear autonomous ordinary differential equations. It is shown that, due to the timing belt extensibility, the actual relative position of the needle and the hook is different from that expected. This difference is a result of the conflict between the almost constant speed of the hook shaft and the fluctuating speed of the crank-shaft caused by the reciprocating motion of working elements. The vibration of the belt increases with speed. Resonance increase of vibrations takes place when the shaft speed is equal to natural frequency or its fraction 1/n for n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556220010377841
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The diffusion, design and social shaping of production management information systems in Europe (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 13 (2000), S. 27-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik , Sociologie
    Notizen: Information systems for production management tend to be promoted by technology suppliers as standardised solutions which form a singular "best practice". However, as these technologies are configurational, the notion of best practice is illusory. Data on the diffusion and design of information systems for production management across four European countries indicate distinctive national differences. It is argued that these can best be explained at two levels: first, national differences in the social institutional networks through which information about these systems is diffused socially shapes patterns of adoption and design; second pre-existing patterns of work design and managerial practices may influence the degree of "fit" between particular design philosophies and prevailing organizational contexts in different countries. Differences in the particular roles of professional association networks and technology suppliers in the diffusion process are explained in terms of different patterns of knowledge sharing across countries.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593840010312744
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    IT and organizational change: an institutionalist perspective (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 13 (2000), S. 234-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik , Sociologie
    Notizen: This article challenges the tendency of the information systems literature to subsume IT innovation in processes of organizational change, either with the role of "enabler" of organizational objectives, or as an instrument appropriated by situated organizational actors. Using institutionalist theory, the relationship between information systems development and organizational transformation is studied as the interaction of two institutionalization processes: the increasing momentum and legitimation of IT innovation; and the organizational efforts for the substitution of established structures and activities with new ones which often do not command adequate legitimacy. Such analysis suggests that IT innovation in organizations is to a large extent sustainable by its own institutional forces, irrespective of contribution to the processes of organizational change. This perspective is demonstrated with the case study of the Mexican oil company, Pemex, where IT projects have played a large part in its transformation from a state-owned to private enterprise.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593840010359464
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Exploring the assumptions underlying information systems methodologies: Their impact on past, present and future ISM research (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 13 (2000), S. 313-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik , Sociologie
    Notizen: Assumptions about an object under study can influence research in many ways. These preconceptions color the researcher's perspective, and influence the research purpose, the research questions addressed, and the research methods used. This paper identifies and analyzes the following assumptions regarding information systems methodology (ISM) research: the positive impact of methodologies on the process and product of information system design; the irrationality of design practice; the existence of knowledge about good design practice; the ability to communicate design knowledge to practicing designers; and the ability to change the rationality of design practitioners. The impact of these assumptions on ISM research is examined for the purpose of highlighting limitations of past research and identifying more promising directions for the future.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593840010359509
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Internet and socio-economic development: exploring the interaction (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Information, technology & people 13 (2000), S. 85-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-3845
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Informatik , Sociologie
    Notizen: This article attempts to gain an understanding of the current and potential impact of the Internet on the four-fifths of the world's population living in developing countries, two-thirds of them poor. First, it attempts to put today's rapid advances in information and communication technology in a broader debate about development and the role of information. Next, it explores the interaction between the Internet and key dimensions of development. Finally, it discusses some key policy implications of Internet diffusion and usage which governments of developing countries will have to address. These include an increasing role for intermediary institutions in the creation and dissemination of relevant knowledge on the Internet in order that the technology is used in a way that is compatible with local development goals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09593840010339835
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Numerical solutions of the Navier-Stokes and energy equations for laminar incompressible flow past parabolic bodies (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    International journal of numerical methods for heat & fluid flow 10 (2000), S. 80-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 0961-5539
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Numerical solutions are presented for steady two-dimensional symmetric flow past parabolic bodies in a uniform stream parallel to its axis. For this study, the full Navier-Stokes equations and energy equation in parabolic coordinates were solved. A second order accurate finite difference scheme on a non-uniform grid was used. The solution domain does not exclude the leading edge region as it is usually done with boundary layer flows. A wide range of Reynolds number (Re) is studied for different values of Prandtl number (Pr). It is found that the average Nusselt number (Nu) increases as (Pr) increases meanwhile, (Nu) decreases with the increase in (Re).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09615530010306920
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Stokes problem for a dusty fluid in the presence of magnetic field, heat generation and wall suction effects (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    International journal of numerical methods for heat & fluid flow 10 (2000), S. 116-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0961-5539
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: This work focuses on the laminar flow of a two-phase particulate suspension induced by a suddenly accelerated infinite vertical permeable surface in the presence of fluid buoyancy, magnetic field, heat generation or absorption, and surface suction or blowing effects. The governing equations for this modified Stokes problem are developed based on the continuum representation of both the fluid and the particle cloud. Appropriate dimensionless variables are introduced. The resulting dimensionless equations are solved numerically by an accurate implicit finite-difference method for two situations. The first case corresponds to an impulsive start of the surface from rest while the second case corresponds to a uniformly accelerated surface. The numerical results for these cases are illustrated graphically. Comparisons with previously published work are performed and the results are found to be in good agreement. Typical fluid- and particle-phase velocity and temperature distributions as well as wall shear stress and heat transfer results are reported for various values of the particle loading, Hartmann number, wall mass transfer coefficient and the heat generation or absorption coefficient.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09615530010297958
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Melting from heat sources flush mounted on a conducting vertical wall (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    International journal of numerical methods for heat & fluid flow 10 (2000), S. 286-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 0961-5539
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: A numerical study is conducted for natural convection dominated melting inside discretely heated rectangular enclosures. This study finds applications in the design and operation of thermal energy storage units and the cooling of electric equipment. Results show the benefits of discrete heating over uniform heating for optimizing the melting process. For enclosures of high aspect ratios (A ~〉 4), configurations leading to well controlled heat source temperatures and long melting times are obtained. For cavities of low aspect ratios (A ~〈 4), it is found that the source span ? is the most influential parameter. For ? ~ 〈 0.45, the melting times are shorter and the heat source temperatures remain equal and moderate during the entire melting process. A map for determining the cavity size and the source distribution that optimizes the melting process is presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09615530010318017
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    3D numerical simulation of melt flow in the presence of a rotating magnetic field (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    International journal of numerical methods for heat & fluid flow 10 (2000), S. 366-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 0961-5539
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Being extensively used in metallurgy, rotating magnetic fields are also becoming increasingly interesting for application in crystal growth, where they are intended to act by stabilizing the melt flow. For this purpose, it is important to understand the basic interactions of the magnetically induced flow and other flow components like time-dependent buoyant convection. So a three-dimensional finite volume method was developed in order to numerically study the effect of a rotating magnetic field on convection in a cylindrical melt volume. The equations of mass, momentum, and heat transport are solved together with the potential equations describing the electromagnetic field. The numerical computation of the Lorenz force distribution is validated by comparison with an analytical solution. The effects of magnetic field parameters on the temperature distributions and the flow patterns in the considered configurations are analysed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09615530010327369
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Non-Darcy mixed convection flow along a vertical plate embedded in a non-Newtonian fluid saturated porous medium with surface mass transfer (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    International journal of numerical methods for heat & fluid flow 10 (2000), S. 397-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 0961-5539
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The present analysis investigates the non-Darcy mixed convection of a non-Newtonian fluid from a vertical isothermal plate embedded in a homogeneous porous medium, in the presence of surface injection or suction. After a suitable coordinate transformation to reduce the complexity of the governing boundary-layer equations, the resulting nonlinear, coupled differential equations were solved with an implicit finite difference scheme. The value of mixed convection parameter ? lies between 0 and 1. In addition, the power-law model is used for non-Newtonian fluids with exponent n〈1 for pseudoplastic fluids; n=1 for Newtonian fluids; and n〉1 for dilatant fluids. The effects of the mixed-convection parameter ?, the power-law viscosity index n, the suction/injection parameter ?, and the non-Darcy parameter Re* on the velocity and temperature profiles, and the local Nusselt number are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09615530010327387
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Heat transfer analysis of a non-Newtonian fluid on a power-law stretched surface with suction or injection for uniform and cooled surface temperature (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    International journal of numerical methods for heat & fluid flow 10 (2000), S. 385-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0961-5539
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Heat transfer characteristics of a non-Newtonian fluid on a power-law stretched surface with suction or injection were investigated. Similarity solutions of the laminar boundary layer equations describing heat transfer flow in a quiescent fluid were obtained and solved numerically. Temperature profiles as well as the Nusselt number Nu, were obtained for two thermal boundary conditions; namely, uniform surface temperature (b=0) and cooled surface temperature (b=–1), for different governing parameters such as Prandtl number Pr, injection parameter d and power-law index n. It was found that decreasing injection parameter d and power-law index n and increasing Prandtl number Pr enhanced the heat transfer coefficient.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09615530010327378
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    h-adaptive finite element solution of high Rayleigh number thermally driven cavity problem (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    International journal of numerical methods for heat & fluid flow 10 (2000), S. 598-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 0961-5539
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: An h-adaptive finite element code for solving coupled Navier-Stokes and energy equations is used to solve the thermally driven cavity problem. The buoyancy forces are represented using the Boussinesq approximation. The problem is characterised by very thin boundary layers at high values of Rayleigh number (〉106). However, steady state solutions are achievable with adequate discretisation. This is where the auto-adaptive finite element method provides a powerful means of achieving optimal solutions without having to pre-define a mesh, which may be either inadequate or too expensive. Steady state and transient results are given for six different Rayleigh numbers in the range 103 to 108 for a Prandtl number of 0.71. The use of h-adaptivity, based on a posteriori error estimation, is found to ensure a very accurate problem solution at a reasonable computational cost.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09615530010347187
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An alternative approach for the analysis of intermetallic compounds in SMT solder joints (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Soldering & surface mount technology 12 (2000), S. 23-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0954-0911
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: In a properly wetted joining system, with tin/lead solder as the filler and copper as the base metals, a layer of intermetallic compounds is usually found at the interface of these two metals. This layer, mainly copper and tin, has profound effects on the joint's properties and reliability. Optical microscopy or scanning electron microscopy micrographs are traditionally used for analysing the type and thickness of these compounds. An alternative analytical approach is presented. By using scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, the elemental constituents across the interface can be plotted. More detailed and precise information about the compound distribution can thus be deduced. The studies reported concentrate on infra-red reflowed joints. Unlike conventional wave-soldered joints, only Cu6Sn5 was found in these. The growth of intermetallic compounds at different aging temperatures, and with solder paste exposed to atmosphere for different times, was also studied.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09540910010312384
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Wettability test method for surface mount technology assessment (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Soldering & surface mount technology 12 (2000), S. 10-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0954-0911
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: A study was performed to develop a different experimental methodology to assess wettabilities of solders on various printed wiring board (PWB) finishes, based on a modified spreading test in which solder pastes were heated following temperature reflow profiles representative of those used in surface mount technology (SMT) instead of using a fixed rate temperature ramp. Three solder alloys (Sn63-Pb37, Sn96.5-Ag3.5, and CASTINTM: Sn96.2-Ag2.5-Cu0.8-Sb0.5), two fluxes (rosin, mildly activated, RMA, and no-clean, NC), and seven PWB finishes (Pd, Au/Ni, Ni, Ag, Sn, and organic solderability preservatives: OSP), and bare copper were involved in the study. Better wettabilities were observed in the current study than the results reported in the literature for conventional tests on the same combination of solder alloy, flux, and substrate. The different results in measurement of wettabilities obtained in the current study were attributed to the more adequate heating process allowing flux activation, which reduced reoxidation of solder powders and substrates during the reflow process and thus improved wettabilities of solders. Compared to the results obtained from the popular wetting balance test, the current study demonstrated a more realistic simulation of, and approach to, assessing the wettability of solder for SMT.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09540910010331329
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The impact of underfill properties on the thermomechanical reliability of FCOB assembly (2000)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Soldering & surface mount technology 12 (2000), S. 37-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0954-0911
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: The impact of underfill properties on the thermomechanical reliability of flip chip on board (FCOB) assembly is addressed in this paper. FCOB assemblies using three underfill encapsulants were subjected to a thermal cycling test. The performance of the underfill encapsulants was assessed by a statistical analysis of the failure distribution of the FCOB assemblies. The failure modes in the thermal cycling test were found to be solder joint cracks, delamination at underfill/chip passivation interface, and underfill internal cracks. An attempt was made to correlate these failures with underfill properties such as the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), modulus, glass transition temperature (Tg), and adhesive strength to the chip. Additionally, nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted to verify the experimental results.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09540910010331455
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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