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  • Articles  (10)
  • Fertilization  (10)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (10)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Elsevier
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
  • Wiley
  • 1990-1994  (10)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1955-1959
  • 1940-1944
  • 1935-1939
  • 1990  (10)
  • 1942
  • Biology  (10)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • Articles  (10)
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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (10)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Elsevier
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
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  • 1990-1994  (10)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1955-1959
  • 1940-1944
  • 1935-1939
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  • Biology  (10)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protamine-histone replacement and DNA replication in the male mouse pronucleus (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 25 (1990), S. 72-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Fertilization ; Immunofluorescence ; Autoradiography ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The protamine to histone replacement in fertilized mouse eggs was studied by using antibodies to these proteins. Its course was followed with respect to DNA replication by autoradiography of 3H-thymidine-labeled fertilized eggs. It was found that protamines were replaced by histones before the onset of DNA replication.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080250113
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Culture media for mouse oocyte maturation affect subsequent embryonic development (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 25 (1990), S. 164-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Oocyte maturation ; Developmental capacity ; Culture medium ; Fertilization ; Mouse ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: These experiments were done to determine whether the culture medium used for the spontaneous maturation of mouse oocytes can affect the subsequent capacity of the ova to become fertilized and complete preimplantation development in vitro and development to live young. Oocytes obtained from antral follicles of gonadotropin-primed immature mice underwent spontaneous maturation in control medium, i.e. Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum, or in one of eight different media which were also supplemented with serum. All of the ova were fertilized in Whitten's medium and were assessed for cleavage to the 2-cell stage and for further preimplantation development to blastocysts during culture in Whitten's medium. Three of the eight media used for oocyte maturation improved the capacity of the ova to develop to the blastocyst stage when compared with the control: Waymouth MB 752/1, MEM with non-essential amino acids, and MEM Alpha; Waymouth medium promoted the highest frequency of development of ova to the blastocyst stage. Moreover, the blastocysts derived from oocytes that matured in Waymouth medium contained more cells than blastocysts derived from oocytes that matured in control medium. Although BGJb medium promoted the cleavage of eggs to the 2-cell stage when present during oocyte maturation, it had a detrimental effect on their subsequent preimplantation developmental capacity. Following transfer to foster mothers, more 2-cell stage embryos developed to live young after oocyte maturation in Waymouth medium (21%) than in control medium (13%). It is concluded that the medium used for oocyte maturation in vitro can affect processes involved in the subsequent development of the eggs and that, of the media tested, Waymouth MB 752/1 promoted the highest capacity for embryo development of maturing mouse oocytes.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080250209
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbohydrates and fertilization in animals (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 26 (1990), S. 184-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Sperm ; Eggs ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Glycoconjugates ; Glycoproteins ; Zona pellucida ; Capacitation ; Acrosome reaction ; Fertilization ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A frequently used mechanism for sperm-egg recognition in many species involves complementary protein-carbohydrate interaction. The usual paradigm includes complex glycoconjugates in reproductive tract fluids or on the eggs which are recognized by carbohydrate-binding proteins on the sperm surface. Various glycocojugates are utilized in the steps of sperm capacitation, sperm binding to the egg extracellular matrix and vitelline membrane and induction of the acrosome reaction. Several types of complex glycoconjugates are involved in these processes, including proteoglycans, lactosaminoglycans, sulfated fucose-containing glycoconjugates, and glycoproteins. There appear to be some structural similarities between active glycoconjugates; they are large in molecular weight and complex, and they are often sulfated, fucosylated, and attached to a protein through serine or threonine residues. In some species, the protein core of the glycoconjugates also participates in the interaction by limiting the binding of carbohydrates to sperm only of the relevant species, likely by providing the proper steric arrangement for the interaction. In other cases the protein core seems to serve more as a crosslinker of the carbohydrate moieties. This review discusses the types of glycoconjugates implicated in fertilization and the complementary lectin-like proteins found on sperm.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080260213
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subzonal transfer of multiple sperm (MIST) into early human embryos (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 26 (1990), S. 253-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Microinsemination ; Micromanipulation ; Fertilization ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Micronsemination sperm transfer (MIST) is a technique whereby sperm are transferred into the perivitelline space (PVS) with the aid of a micromanipulator. MIST is now used to investigate whether blastomere membranes of early human embryos are capable of fusing with the sperm as in the metaphase II oocyte. Between 10 and 30 sperm were transferred into 11 donated human embryos between pronuclear and 16 cell stage. After culture for 6-24 hr in vitro, the embryos were fixed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Both acrosome-intact and acrosome-reacted sperm were located in the PVS and between blastomeres. Sperm in the PVS were sometimes penetrating the inner regions of the zona. Sperm-blastomere membrane fusion was not observed, but sperm tail incorporation by phagocytosis was occasionally evident. Sperm heads incorporated into blastomeres were often located in membrane-bound vesicles. Both acrosome-intact and acrosome-reacted sperm heads were found in vacuoles. Acrosome-reacted sperm heads were lying passively in vacuoles or were undergoing degenerative changes at their surfaces. Sperm chromatin decondensation was not observed in any of the sperm heads that were detected in the blastomeres. The evidence presented clearly shows that sperm heads are incapable of expanding their chromatin to form typical male pronuclei following MIST into early human embryos.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080260309
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ca2+ uptake during capacitation of mouse spermatozoa and the effect of an anion transport inhibitor on Ca2+ uptake (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 26 (1990), S. 63-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Ca2+ microelectrode ; Mammalian spermatozoa ; Fertilization ; Bicarbonate ions ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: With a specially constructed chamber, Ca2+ uptake by mouse spermatozoa was monitored continuously during capacitation and the acrosome reaction. It was shown, using calcium ion-selective microelectrodes, that there was an initial uptake of Ca2+ by spermatozoa undergoing capacitation. Such net transport was also promoted by the divalent cation ionophores A23187 or ionomycin. An anion inhibitor, SITS, produced dose-dependent inhibition of Ca2+ uptake. This inhibitor reduced the incidence of capacitation as revealed by a reduction in the B pattern by chlortetracycline (CTC) assay and thus inhibited fertilization, suggesting that anions are involved in calcium uptake in mouse spermatozoa.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080260110
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical studies of hamster oocyte activation (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 26 (1990), S. 331-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Heparin-binding placental protein ; Immunofluorescence ; Microinjection ; Nonphysiological oocyte activation ; Fertilization ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: By indirect immunofluorescence, using rabbit anti-heparin-binding placental protein (HBPP) antiserum, we studied HBPP expression by physiologically and non-physiologically (microsurgically) activated hamster gametes. Whereas mature gametes (sperm, metaphase II oocytes) were negative, in vivo conceived preimplantation embryos, from pronuclear to two- and four-cell stages, were HBPP positive. No HBPP was demonstrated in the zona pellucida, but HBPP-dependent immunofluorescence was localized in the perivitelline space. Oocytes incubated with hyaluronidase demonstrated variable responses from negative to positive. (Diluent or sperm) microinjected oocytes were all activated and HBPP positive within 4 h after stimulation. Thus neither activation by microinjection nor HBPP expression required paternal gametes. These kinetics suggest that HBPP may be a cortical granule secretogogue which can be applied to monitor oocyte responses during in vitro manipulations.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080260407
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chymotrypsin-like enzymes are involved in sperm penetration through the vitelline coat of Ciona intestinalis egg (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 26 (1990), S. 319-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Spermatozoa ; Lysins ; Fertilization ; Ascidians ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: In Ciona intestinalis, sperm penetration through the egg vitelline coat is an essential event of fertilization. We investigated whether trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like enzymes are involved in this event. Inhibitors and peptide substrates for chymotrypsin-like enzymes blocked the overall process of fertilization in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory activity was specifically exerted on the step of sperm penetration. Chymotrypsin-like protease activity was identified in spermatozoa with the fluorogenic synthetic substrate Suc-Ala-Ala-Phe-AMC, which was the most effective substrate in blocking sperm penetration. These data indicate that a chymotrypsin-like protease activity is a sperm lysin of Ciona intestinalis.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080260405
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of extracellular proteins in the rat cumulus oophorus (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 25 (1990), S. 339-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Fertilization ; Oocyte investments ; Cumulus matrix ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have examined the proteins associated with the mucous matrix of the rat cumulus oophorus and compared them to the composition of rat serum, follicular fluid, ampullary fluid, and oocyte-cumulus cell extract. The cumulus matrix was dispersed using Streptomyces hyaluronidase, and the proteins were analyzed by highresolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and compared with proteins of the serum, proestrous follicular fluid, and postvulatory ampullary fluid and extracts of oocytes and cumulus cells. In addition to albumin and transferrin, which were common to all the fluids analyzed, the cumulus material contained many proteins in common with the follicular fluid and the ampullary fluid. However, the protein extract of the cumulus matrix also contained four major proteins not present in the other fluids analyzed. Two of these proteins were acidic and heterogenous in charge and size (MW ∼81,000 and 100,000). The other two proteins were more basic and occurred at MW ∼90,000 and 150,000. Our results show that the extracellular matrix of the cumulus contains proteins that are not present in the fluids that surround the oocyte.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080250405
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of gossypol on the motility of mammalian sperm (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 25 (1990), S. 400-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Sperm motility ; Fertilization ; Male contraception ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of the male contraceptive gossypol on the motility of mammalian spermatozoa are reviewed. The role of sperm motility in the processes of fertilization and the effect of the drug on these processes determine its effectiveness as a contraceptive. The promising male contraceptive potential of gossypol is discussed in the context of the serious adverse effects of the agent.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080250414
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of oviduct cells on the incidence of polyspermy in pig eggs fertilized in vitro (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 26 (1990), S. 377-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Oocyte ; Fertilization ; IVF ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The consequences of interactions between porcine sperm, eggs, and oviduct cells before and during fertilization in vitro (IVF) has been examined with particular reference to the block to polyspermy. The pattern of polypeptides secreted by porcine oviduct epithelial cells has been determined and its effects on sperm both during pre-fertilization co-culture and during fertilization have been examined. In standard IVF procedures with no oviduct cell involvement, high rates of penetration (91%) were accompanied by equally high rates of multiple sperm penetration (91% of penetrated eggs). Fertilization on oviduct cell monolayers or a combination of 1 h co-culture of sperm and oviduct cells before the addition of in vitro matured oocytes did not reduce polyspermy. However, a sperm-oviduct cell co-culture period of 2.5 h followed by IVF on oviduct cells selectively reduced the rate of polyspermy by 40% and 50% in two separate series of trials (United Kingdom and Japan, respectively): Overall fertilization rates after this treatment were high (95% or 84%, respectively). A 3.5 h period of pre-fertilization co-culture further reduced polyspermy to only 14% of penetrated eggs, but this treatment was accompanied by a sharp drop in the fertilization rate from an overall mean of 88% for all other groups to 19% after 3.5 h co-culture.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080260413
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