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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology  (15)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
  • Elsevier Science Limited  (14)
  • Wiley  (4)
  • Agu  (3)
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  • 1
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    New insights on the tsunami recording of the May, 21, 2003, Mw 6.9Boumerdès earthquake from tidal data analysis (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-27
    Description: We analyzed sea level data from a set of tide gauge stations located in the central and western Mediter-ranean Sea, that recorded the tsunami generated by the Mw 6.8 Boumerdès earthquake striking the coastof Algeria on May 21, 2003. This earthquake caused more than 2200 victims and thousands of injured. Thecausative fault was located a few kilometers offshore and during the rupture a tsunami was triggered.Waves were felt along a large part of the western and northern Mediterranean coasts, and in the Balearicislands waves higher that 2 m were measured. In this paper we analyze a more complete tidal data set,with respect to previous studies, now consisting of 22 tidal stations located in Italy, France and Spain. Tocharacterize the change of the tidal signal at each station we used the Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD). By means of this technique, which is suitable to analyze and to characterize the dynamical behav-ior of non-stationary time series, we provide a precise measurement of the arrival times and amplitudesat the tidal stations and identify how this tsunami affected the principal and long term tidal components.Our findings improve previous results for this earthquake, since they allow the detection of significantamplitude fluctuations associated with the tsunami in the majority of stations, including the farthestones.
    Description: Published
    Description: 39-49
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: tsunami, algeria, boumerdès, tidal analysis ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Time-dependent Coulomb stress changes induced by the 2002-2003 Etna magmatic intrusions and implications on following seismic activities (2016)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: In this paper, the relationship between the dike-forming magmatic intrusions and the faulting process at Mount Etna is investigated in terms of Coulomb stress changes. As case study, a complete time-dependent 3-D finite element model for the 2002-2003 eruption at Mount Etna is presented. In the model, which takes into account the topography, medium heterogeneities and principal fault systems in a viscoelastic/plastic rheology, we sequentially activated three dike-forming processes and looked at the induced temporal evolution of the Coulomb stress changes, during the co-intrusive and post-intrusive periods, on Pernicana and Santa Venerina faults. We investigated where and when fault slips were encouraged or not, and consequently how earthquakes may have been triggered. Results show positive Coulomb stress changes for the Pernicana Fault in accordance to the time, location and depth of the 27th October 2002 Pernicana earthquake (Md = 3.5). The amount of Coulomb stress changes in the area of Santa Venerina Fault, as induced by dike-forming intrusions only, is instead almost negligible and, probably, not sufficient to trigger the 29th October Santa Venerina earthquake (Md = 4.4), occurred two days after the start of the eruption. The necessary Coulomb stress change value to trigger this earthquake is instead reached if we consider it as induced by the 27th October Pernicana biggest earthquake, combined with the dike-induced stresses.
    Description: MED-SUV FP7 Project (Grant number 308665)
    Description: Published
    Description: 185-196
    Description: 4V. Dinamica dei processi pre-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Coulomb stress changes ; Finite Element Model ; Viscoelasticity ; Earthquakes ; Mount Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.01. Crustal deformations ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.07. Satellite geodesy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.08. Theory and Models ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.02. Earthquake interactions and probability ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.05. Stress ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.03. Inverse methods
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Viscous plugging can enhance and modulate explosivity of strombolian eruptions (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-01
    Description: Strombolian activity is common in low-viscosity volcanism. It is characterised by quasi-periodic, short-lived explosions, which, whilst typically weak, may vary greatly in magnitude. The current paradigm for a strombolian volcanic eruption postulates a large gas bubble (slug) bursting explosively after ascending a conduit filled with low-viscosity magma. However, recent studies of pyroclast textures suggest the formation of a region of cooler, degassed, more-viscous magma at the top of the conduit is a common feature of strombolian eruptions. Following the hypothesis that such a rheological impedance could act as a ‘viscous plug’, which modifies and complicates gas escape processes, we conduct the first experimental investigation of this scenario. We find that: 1) the presence of a viscous plug enhances slug burst vigour; 2) experiments that include a viscous plug reproduce, and offer an explanation for, key phenomena observed in natural strombolian eruptions; 3) the presence and extent of the plug must be considered for the interpretation of infrasonic measurements of strombolian eruptions. Our scaled analogue experiments show that, as the gas slug expands on ascent, it forces the underlying low-viscosity liquid into the plug, creating a low-viscosity channel within a high-viscosity annulus. The slug's diameter and ascent rate change as it enters the channel, generating instabilities and increasing slug overpressure. When the slug reaches the surface, a more energetic burst process is observed than would be the case for a slug rising through the low-viscosity liquid alone. Fluid-dynamic instabilities cause low and high viscosity magma analogues to intermingle, and cause the burst to become pulsatory. The observed phenomena are reproduced by numerical fluid dynamic simulations at the volcanic scale, and provide a plausible explanation for pulsations, and the ejection of mingled pyroclasts, observed at Stromboli and elsewhere.
    Description: European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) project NEMOH, REA grant agreement No. 289976
    Description: Published
    Description: 210-218
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: analogue modeling ; strombolian explosions ; plugged vents ; volcano acoustic ; volcano infrasonic ; slug bursting ; Taylor bubble ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.06. Measurements and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.02. Experimental volcanism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    Attenuation and velocity structure from diffuse coda waves: Constraints from underground array data (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-12
    Description: An analysis of coda waves excited in the 0.2–20 Hz frequency band and recorded by the underground array Underseis (central Italy) has been performed to constrain both seismic attenuation at regional scale and velocity structure in the Mount Gran Sasso area. Attenuation was estimated with the MLTWA method, and shows a predominance of scattering phenomena over intrinsic absorption. The values of Qi and Qs are compatible with other estimates obtained in similar tectonic environments. Array methods allowed for a detailed study of the propagation characteristics, demonstrating that earthquake coda at frequencies greater than about 6 Hz is composed of only body waves. Coherence and spectral characteristics of seismic waves measured along the coda of local and regional earthquakes indicate that the wavefield becomes fully diffuse only in the late coda. The frequency-dependent energy partitioning between horizontal and vertical components has been also estimated and compared with synthetic values computed in a layered half-space under the diffuse field assumption. This comparison confirms that, for frequencies higher than 6 Hz, the coda appears as a sum of body waves coming from all directions while, in the low frequency range (0.2–2 Hz), the observations can be well explained by a coda wavefield composed of an equipartition mixture of surface and body waves traveling in a multiple-layered medium. A Monte-Carlo inversion has been performed to obtain a set of acceptable velocity models of the upper crust. The present results show that a broadband coda wavefield recorded in an underground environment is useful to constrain both the regional attenuation and the velocity structure of the target area, thereby complementing the results of classical array analysis of the wavefield.
    Description: Published
    Description: 34 - 42
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Energy equipartition ; Scattering ; velocity/attenuation structure ; array analysis ; Diffuse wavefield ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    Dynamics of mild strombolian activity on Mt. Etna (2015)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-12
    Description: Here we report the first measurements of gas masses released during a rare period of strombolian activity at the Bocca Nuova crater, Mt. Etna, Sicily. UV camera data acquired for 195 events over an ≈27 minute period (27th July 2012) indicate erupted SO2 masses ranging from ≈0.1 to ≈14 kg per event, with corresponding total gas masses of ≈0.1 to 74 kg. Thus, the activity was characterised by more frequent and smaller events than typically associated with strombolian activity on volcanoes such as Stromboli. Events releasing larger measured gas masses were followed by relatively long repose periods before the following burst, a feature not previously reported on from gas measurement data. If we assume that gas transport within the magma can be represented by a train of rising gas pockets or slugs, then the high frequency of events indicates that these slugs must have been in close proximity. In this case the longer repose durations associated with the larger slugs would be consistent with interactions between adjacent slugs leading to coalescence, a process expedited close to the surface by rapid slug expansion. We apply basic modelling considerations to the measured gas masses in order to investigate potential slug characteristics governing the observed activity.We also cross correlated the acquired gas fluxes with contemporaneously obtained seismic data but found no relationship between the series in line with the mild form of manifest explosivity.
    Description: Published
    Description: 103–111
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Mild strombolian activity ; Ultra-violet imaging ; Volcanic gas measurements ; Slug dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.06. Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.07. Instruments and techniques
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Study on the Long-Period source mechanism at Campi Flegrei (Italy) (2012)
    Elsevier Science Limited
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-15
    Description: The source properties of the Long-Period events that occurred at Campi Flegrei Caldera (Italy) during the 2004–2006 ground uplift episode are investigated by analyzing the temporal release of seismic energy, amplitude distribution and inter-event occurrence time. Moreover, an entropy-based decomposition method is applied to identify the simpler waveforms thought to be representative of the source mechanism of Long-Period events. On the basis of the outcomes, we propose that the main part of these events is the result of a source process triggered by a mechanism of fluid charge/discharge, which causes pressure drop in a main branch of a dentritic network of the hydrothermal system. In this model, the rate of the Poissonian process (about 15 min), which drives the occurrence of the Long-Period events, provides the average recharge time of the system up to the critical condition. A partial shunting of the fluid flow away from the main conduit activates the ”resonance” of a second branch, spatially separated from the first one. This is a process that occurs whenever the fluid pressure exceeds a critical value and produces less energetic Long-Period events. The mechanism of pressure variation in the two conduits generates signals with preferred amplitude scales, described by a bi-lognormal distribution. From a dynamical point of view, Long-Period events result well described by a low-dimensional dynamical system. Finally, the time pattern of the energy release and its correlation with the diurnal solid earth tide suggest that the whole mechanism of fluid charge/discharge is likely modulated by tidal stress variation.
    Description: Published
    Description: 16-30
    Description: 3.6. Fisica del vulcanismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Lp sources ; Poissonian occurrence ; Tidal modulation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
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    Reply to comment by Giuliano F. Panza on “Rarely observed short-period (5–10 s) suboceanic Rayleigh waves propagating across the Tyrrhenian Sea” (2007)
    Agu
    In:  Panza, G. F. (2006), Comment on ‘‘Rarely observed short-period (5– 10 s) suboceanic Rayleigh waves propagating across the Tyrrhenian Sea’’ by A. Rovelli et al., Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L10309, doi:10.1029/2005GL025584.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We thank Giuliano F. Panza for the interest demonstrated in our study and for having pointed out the error in Figure 3 of Rovelli et al. [2004, hereinafter referred to as R2004GRL]. In his comment, Panza writes that a similar phenomenon was already reported by him in an old paper. This statement is not correct and we feel that probably we did not emphasized enough the innovative character of R2004GRL. His comment gives us the opportunity of better explaining that the phenomenon we observe in the Tyrrhenian Sea is different from those studied by Panza and coauthors.
    Description: Published
    Description: L10310
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Reply ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    Temporal changes in seismic wave propagation towards the end of the 2002 Mt Etna eruption (2010)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Stress can undergo rapid temporal changes in volcanic environments, and this is particularly true during eruptions. We use two independent methods, coda wave interferometry (CWI) and shear wave splitting (SWS) analysis to track stress related wave propagation effects during the waning phase of the 2002 NE fissure eruption at Mt Etna. CWI is used to estimate temporal changes in seismic wave velocity, while SWS is employed to monitor changes in elastic anisotropy. We analyse seismic doublets, detecting temporal changes both in wave velocities and anisotropy, consistent with observed eruptive activity. In particular, syn-eruptive wave propagation changes indicate a depressurization of the system, heralding the termination of the eruption, which occurs three days later.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1779-1788
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Interferometry ; Seismic anisotropy ; Volcano seismology ; Volcano monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    Exploring the evolution of a volcanic seismic swarm: the case of the 2000 Izu Islands swarm (2007)
    Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The goal of this paper is to yield physical constrains on the nature and evolution of a seismic swarm by means of a quantitative stochastic modeling of earthquakes occurrence. With this purpose, we fit different stationary and nonstationary stochastic ETAS models to the Izu Islands seismic swarm occurred in 2000. We find that a nonstationary model with background activity and p-value varying through time describes the observations better than other simpler ETAS models. The coherent fluctuations of these parameters and of the spatio-temporal earthquake distribution are interpreted in terms of a magma/fluids source process that evolves through outbursts of activity superimposed to low frequency variations. The results obtained suggest that suitable nonstationary ETAS modeling can be very useful to characterize the nature of the swarm source, and it may provide the basis to build a quantitative tool for tracking in almost real-time the evolution of a magma/fluids source.
    Description: Published
    Description: L07310
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: volcanic seismic ; Izu Islands swarm ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Time reverse location of seismic long-period events recorded on Mt Etna (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present the first application of a time reverse location method in a volcanic setting, for a family of long-period (LP) events recorded on Mt Etna. Results are compared with locations determined using a full moment tensor grid search inversion and cross-correlation method. From 2008 June 18 to July 3, 50 broad-band seismic stations were deployed on Mt Etna, Italy, in close proximity to the summit. Two families of LP events were detected with dominant spectral peaks around 0.9 Hz. The large number of stations close to the summit allowed us to locate all events in both families using a time reversal location method. The method involves taking the seismic signal, reversing it in time, and using it as a seismic source in a numerical seismic wave simulator where the reversed signals propagate through the numerical model, interfere constructively and destructively, and focus on the original source location. The source location is the computational cell with the largest displacement magnitude at the time of maximum energy current density inside the grid. Before we located the two LP families we first applied the method to two synthetic data sets and found a good fit between the time reverse location and true synthetic location for a known velocity model. The time reverse location results of the two families show a shallow seismic region close to the summit in agreement with the locations using a moment tensor full waveform inversion method and a cross-correlation location method.
    Description: Published
    Description: 452-462
    Description: 1.4. TTC - Sorveglianza sismologica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Volcano seismology ; Computational seismology ; Wave propagation ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.08. Volcano seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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