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  • Articles  (3,106)
  • Springer  (3,106)
  • American Chemical Society
  • 1950-1954  (3,106)
  • Geosciences  (2,942)
  • Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology  (164)
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  • Articles  (3,106)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die vertikale Verteilung des atmosphärischen Ozons nach dem photochemischen Gleichgewicht (1953)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 24 (1953), S. 71-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The discussion about the observed vertical ozone distribution and the factors by which it is influenced requires a possibly definite knowledge of the photochemical formation and destruction of the ozone in the atmosphere. Therefore we examine the factors decisive for the photochemical theory (oxygen- and ozone absorption), constants of reaction, spectral distribution of intensity of sunlight etc. in respect of their present certainty and discuss their influence on the resulting ozone distribution. According to the examination and discussion we can realise the ozone distribution resulting from the photochemical theory with the present basis only with comparative uncertainty. The height of the ozone maximum as well as the total ozone amount are no suitable criterion for the examination of the photochemical hypothesis for which reason the observed ozone distributions in greater altitudes — above 25–30 km — must be considered too.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Für die Diskussion der beobachteten vertikalen Ozonverteilung und der sie beeinflussenden Faktoren ist eine möglichst sichere Kenntnis der photochemischen Bildung und Zerstörung des Ozons in der Atmosphäre erforderlich. Dazu werden die für die photochemische Theorie massgeblichen Faktoren (Sauerstoff- und Ozonabsorption) Reaktionskonstanten, spektrale Intensitätsverteilung des Sonnenlichtes usw. in Bezug auf ihre heutige Sicherheit untersucht und ihr Einfluss auf die resultierende Ozonverteilung diskutiert. Danach kann die aus der photochemischen Theorie folgende Ozonverteilung mit den heutigen Grundlagen erst verhältnismässig unsicher erfasst werden. Für die Prüfung der photochemischen Voraussetzungen stellen die Höhe des Ozonmaximums sowie der totale Ozonbetrag keine geeigneten Kriterien dar, so dass die beobachteten Ozonverteilungen in grösseren Höhen — oberhalb von 25–30 km — herangezogen werden müssen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01996051
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Versuch einer Analyse der gemittelten vertikalen Ozonverteilung in verschiedenen geographischen Breiten (1953)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 24 (1953), S. 83-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The mean ozone distribution for various geographical latitudes is derived from ozone distributions measured by means of balloon ascents, eclipses of the moon and the «Umkehreffekt» and compared with the theoretically calculated photochemical distributions, whereby the full scope of the latter is considerably limited. —The discrepancy between the calculated and the measured ozone distribution below the ozone maximum at 23 km altitude is a sign of a considerable effect of mass exchange in the troposphere and lower stratosphere which increases towards the equator. In the mean and higher latitudes we find — especially in spring — a second lower ozone maximum at 16 km altitude which cannot be explained photochemically but is probably due to advection, to ozone transported down from polar latitudes.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Aus den bei Ballonaufstiegen, bei Mondfinsternissen und durch den Umkehreffekt gemessenen Ozonverteilungen werden für verschiedene geographische Breiten gemittelte Ozonverteilungen abgeleitet und mit den theoretisch photochemisch berechneten Verteilungen verglichen, wodurch der Spielraum der letzten erheblich eingeengt wird. — Die Diskrepanz zwischen der berechneten und der gemessenen Ozonverteilung unterhalb des Ozonmaximums in 23 km Höhe lässt auf eine bedeutende Wirkung des Massenaustausches in der Troposphäre und in der unteren Stratosphäre schliessen, der nach den Aequator hin stark zunimmt. — In mittleren und höheren Breiten tritt — vornehmlich im Frühjahr — ein zweites tieferes Ozonmaximum in 16 km Höhe auf, das photochemisch nicht zu erklären ist, sondern advektiv, durch aus polaren Breiten herzugeführtes Ozon bedingt wird.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01996052
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blitzschläge im Gebirge (1950)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 17 (1950), S. 199-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Numerous investigations have shown that the frequency of lightning strokes also depends on the geological conditions of the ground. In Saxonia most damages caused by lightning did not occur in the higher parts of this country. Damage in areas of primeval rocks was twice as high as in areas of younger formations (Fig. 1 and Table A). It has been observed that some areas were especially frequently struck by lightning (lightning centres). In most cases these are situated above geologic discontinuities (Fig. 2). In Austria lightning statistics were explored. The «danger factor» («Gefährdungszahl») was deducted with the formula $$\ll danger factor \gg = \frac{{damages from lightning \times 1000}}{{area of district in 100 km^2 \times mean number of thunderstorms}}.$$ These figures are registered in a map (Fig. 3). They are small in the Central Alps but in areas of old geologic formations and in some parts of the border of the Alps they reach rather high values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02018356
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations glaciologiques: L'ablation en 1950 sur le glacier de Sarenne (1950)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 17 (1950), S. 214-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary This paper deals with some results of the observations on the ablation done on the Sarenne Glacier (Grandes Rousses) in the last two seasons. In June and August's 1950 the effects of the «warmth's share» has been greater than during the same months of 1949.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02018359
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einige geoelektrische Untersuchungen auf österreichischen Gletschern (1950)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 17 (1950), S. 210-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary Experiments to determine the thickness of glaciers by high frequency prospecting were carried out on the Austrian glacier Hintereisferner in 1938. After the war electrohydrographical measurements on glacier rivulets were carried out in the Kaprun Valley. The resistance of the glacier water fluctuates according to the time of season. It depends on the respective composition of these waters (Fig. 2). Therefore the geologic and mineralogic properties of the glacier-water may be deducted from the electric resistance. Especially the amount of surface water may be deducted (Fig. 3). An example is shown in Fig. 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02018358
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sull'andamento annuo della pressione atmosferica in relazione con l'altezza sul mare (1950)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 17 (1950), S. 218-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Some regularities in the yearly variation of the air-pressure, as related with the height above the sea level, have been reported byConrad. These regularities are confirmed by the air-pressure data from the meteorological Observatories of the Monte Rosa.
    Notes: Riassunto Viene esteso agli Osservatori del Monte Rosa lo studio di alcune regolarità quantitative segnalate daConrad nell'andamento annuo della pressione atmosferica in funzione dell'altezza sul mare, con risultati probativi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02018360
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stato attuale del ghiacciaio del Mandrone (Adamello) e fattori climatici (1950)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 17 (1950), S. 224-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary After some general considerations, there are described some particular phenomena noticed about the glacier of Mandrone (Adamello). They are due to the swift retirement of the front and to the diminution of the thickness of the glacier as following: the strangling of the icetongue, glacier rigenerated, glacier dead, lake at the glacier-mouth, round ice-crevices, valley like U. They are done some suppositions on the future alpine-climatical proceeding.
    Notes: Riassunto Premesse alcune considerazioni generali si descrivono alcuni particolari fenomeni osservati al ghiacciaio del Mandrone e dovuti al rapido arretramento della fronte e assottigliamento del ghiaccio come: strozzatura della lingua ghiacciaio di rimpasto, ghiacciaio morto, lago alla bocca, crepacci circolari, valle ad U. Si fanno alcune considerazioni sul futuro andamento climatico alpino.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02018362
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proposte per lo sviluppo della rete meteorologica nelle Alpi Occidentali (1950)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 17 (1950), S. 234-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Summary The writer wants to emphasize the necessity of reorganizing rationally the system of the meteorologic observatories in the Western Alps, especially of the ones on the highest mountains which are the most important for the study of the variations of glaciers. For that reorganization it is necessary to remember the variety of the climatic regions into which the Western Alps may be divided. The writer proposes the institution of other observatories employing the new important aerial-ropeways of Breauil and of Mount Blanc, and the new big and high-situated hotels and shelters which are opened all year round. The author insists particularly, on the necessity of doing up the observatories of “Col d'Olen” and “Margherita” on Mount Rosa which have not worked any more since ten years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02018364
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Il primo problema fondamentale della Geodesia ampliato nel campo di Somigliana (1950)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 18 (1950), S. 55-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary After having recalled the extension to a spatial potential field ofLegender's formulae solving the first fundamental problem in Geodesy, the author applies such formulae toSomigliana's field, which admits the ellipsoid as one of the equipotential surfaces of the family. Such application represents the most natural extension to a three-dimensional field of the classical ellipsoidal surface formulae, and agrees with the international adoption ofSomigliana's field in dynamic Geodesy.
    Notes: Sommario Dopo aver richiamato l'ampliamento ad un campo potenziale spaziale delle formule diLegendre che risolvono il primo problema fondamentale della Geodesia, l'A. applica tali formule al caso del campo diSomigliana, che ammette l'ellissoide come una delle superfici equipotenziali della famiglia; tale applicazione rappresenta la più naturale estensione ad un campo tridimensionale delle classiche formule ellissoidiche superficiali, e si accorda con l'adozione internazionale del campo diSomigliana per tutte le speculazioni della Geodesia dinamica.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02000307
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deduktion einer allgemein gültigen erkenntnis (1950)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 18 (1950), S. 9-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Starting from the general comprehensive conception that exists for us human beings, a deduction of fundamental intuition is produced. The knowledge resulting from it may be designated as short of any hypothesis, as absolute. A continuation of the specialisation is supposed to lead to branches of knowledge existing already, e. g. mathematics or physics.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ausgehend von dem allgemeinsten, umfassendsten Begriff, den es für uns Menschen geben kann, wird eine Deduktion fundamentaler Erkenntnisse erbracht. Das sich dabei ergebende Wissen ist als Voraussetzungslos, als absolut zu bezeichnen. Eine Fortsetzung der Spezialisierung kann auf bestehende Disziplinen wie z. B. Mathematik oder Physik hinauslaufen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02000303
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