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  • 04.02. Exploration geophysics  (4)
  • 05.01. Computational geophysics  (4)
  • Elsevier  (8)
  • Molecular Diversity Preservation International
  • 2020-2024  (6)
  • 2020-2022  (2)
  • 1
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    Geochemical and geoelectrical characterization of the Terre Calde di Medolla (Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy) and relations with 2012 seismic sequence (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-01-08
    Description: Soil gas and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surveys were performed in Medolla (Emilia-Romagna Region, northern Italy) within a farming area characterized by macroseeps, absence of vegetation and anomalous temperatures of soil to investigate the soil gas migration mechanism and verify the presence of a buried fault intersecting the macroseeps. Soil gas (222Rn, 220Rn, He and C2H6) concentrations and flux (φCO2 and φCH4) measurements were carried out from 2008 to 2015, comprising the 2012 Emilia seismic sequence. Moreover, in 2016 a ERT survey, combined with new flux measurements, was performed along four profiles (ranging from 180 to 630 m long) centered on the main macroseep. We found that the seismic sequence sensibly influenced the soil gas distribution in the area. All investigated species, but He, increased their values early after the mainshocks, likely due to crustal deformation which promoted the geogas uprising. In 2015, when the stress has vanished, these concentrations gradually decreased toward pre-seismic values. Helium concentrations showed an opposite behavior as they decreased in May 2012 and then gradually increased over time. This trend may be reasonably due to the enhancement of the strain field which promoted the He dissipation from soil to the atmosphere, due to its high volatility. In all the geochemical surveys conducted from 2008 to 2015, soil gas high values around the main macroseeps were identified, delighting the presence of an alignment in the E-W direction. This trend, identified for several gas species, ultimately supports the theory of a hidden fault which favors the intensification of fluids migration along zones characterized by greater permeability. ERT results highlighted a sub-horizontal layering characterized by different resistivity intervals, roughly matching local stratigraphy. In most profiles we observed a slightly increase of resistivity and a sharp inter-ruption of the electro-layering in correspondence of the main macroseep, both near the surface and at depth. This implies that a fracture zone due to the presence of a buried fault cannot be excluded. The combined use of geochemical and geophysical techniques in this study confirmed the usefulness of such multiparametric approach for mapping out hidden structures in tectonically active areas, allowing to better understanding the fluid migration processes through preferential leakage pathways.
    Description: Published
    Description: 106678
    Description: 6A. Geochimica per l'ambiente e geologia medica
    Description: 7A. Geofisica per il monitoraggio ambientale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Soil gas survey ; Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) survey ; Migration pathways ; Medolla ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 03.04. Chemical and biological
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Tectonics and seismicity in the Northern Apennines driven by slab retreat and lithospheric delamination (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-10
    Description: Understanding how long-term subduction dynamics relates to the short-term seismicity and crustal tec tonics is a challenging but crucial topic in seismotectonics. We attempt to address this issue by linking long-term geodynamic evolution with short-term seismogenic deformation in the Northern Apennines. This retreating subduction orogen displays tectonic and seismogenic behaviors on various spatiotemporal scales that also characterize other subduction zones in the Mediterranean area. We use visco-elasto-plastic seismo-thermo-mechanical (STM) modeling with a realistic 2D setup based on available geological and geophysical data. The subduction dynamics and seismicity are coupled in the numerical modeling, and driven only by buoyancy forces, i.e., slab pull. Our results suggest that lower crustal rheology and lithospheric mantle temperature modulate the crustal tectonics of the Northern Apennines, as inferred by previous studies. The observed spatial distribution of upper crustal tectonic regimes and surface displacements requires buoyant, highly ductile material in the subduction channel beneath the internal part of the orogen. This allows protrusion of the asthenosphere in the lower crust and lithospheric delamination associated with slab retreat. The resulting surface velocities and principal stress axes generally agree with present-day observations, suggesting that slab delamination and retreat can explain the dynamics of the orogen. Our simulations successfully reproduce the type and overall distribution of seismicity with thrust faulting events in the external part of the orogen and normal faulting in its internal part. Slab temperatures and lithospheric mantle stiffness affect the cumulative seismic moment release and spatial distribution of upper crustal earthquakes. The properties of deep, sub-crustal material are thus shown to influence upper crustal seismicity in an orogen driven by slab retreat, even though the upper crust is largely decoupled from the lithospheric mantle. Our simulations therefore highlight the effect of deep lower crustal rheologies, self-driven subduction dynamics and mantle properties in controlling shallow deformation and seismicity.
    Description: Published
    Description: 228481
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Numerical modeling ; Geodynamics ; Seismotectonics orogen ; Delamination ; Northern Apennines ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.03. Geodesy ; 05.01. Computational geophysics ; 04.07. Tectonophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    A numerically robust, parallel-friendly variant of BiCGSTAB for the semi-implicit integration of the viscous term in Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (2023)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-20
    Description: Implicit integration of the viscous term can significantly improve performance in computational fluid dynamics for highly viscous fluids such as lava. We show improvements over our previous proposal for semi-implicit viscous integration in Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, extending it to support a wider range of boundary models. Due to the resulting loss of matrix symmetry, a key advancement is a more robust version of the biconjugate gradient stabilized method to solve the linear systems, that is also better suited for parallelization in both shared-memory and distributed-memory systems. The advantages of the new solver are demostrated in applications with both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, covering both the numerical aspect (improved convergence thanks to the possibility to use more accurate boundary model) and the computing aspect (with excellent strong scaling and satisfactory weak scaling).
    Description: Published
    Description: 111413
    Description: 3IT. Calcolo scientifico
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: SPH ; Low Reynods number ; Implicit integration ; BiCGSTAB ; GPU ; 05.01. Computational geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    Basin modeling constrains source rock position and dimension in the Burano-Bolognano petroleum system (Central Italy) (2023)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-14
    Description: A two-dimensional basin and petroleum system modeling approach was applied to the Burano-Bolognano petroleum system (Central Italy) to constrain some factors (position, lateral extension and maturity of the source rock, the role of fractures and faults in hydrocarbon migration) which influenced its structural evolution and the related migration pathways. The petroleum system extends from the Majella Mountain to the northern Cigno, Vallecupa, Bonanno oil fields, intensively explored during the past century. Some features, such as the location and extension of the source rock and its maturity, and hydrocarbon pathways, are still undefined. Thus, we developed a 3D geological static model of the Cenozoic carbonate succession and then, we performed basin modeling along a 2D geological section, integrating the petrophysical properties of rocks measured in laboratory. Our results prove that the Burano source rock reached a low-middle maturity, and the best representation of the actual hydrocarbon occurrences is reached when the source rock is at north of the Majella Mountain with a minimum extension of 3 km. For the BBPS a strong lateral migration and a gradual oil biodegradation towards the Majella area must be considered. Moreover, modeling results highlight a minor control of the faults on the migration in this area. This basin modeling is relevance for investigations in similar settings since carbonate-ramp reservoir studies are usually very challenging to be correctly modeled due to their high heterogeneities.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105436
    Description: 1TR. Georisorse
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Basin modeling ; Carbonate reservoir ; Geological modeling ; Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    Deformation induced by distributions of single forces in a layered half-space: EFGRN/EFCMP (2023)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: In the present paper we introduce a numerical model for the representation of displacement, strain and stress due to single forces embedded in a layered elastic half-space. The code EFGRN/EFCMP (Elastic Forces GReeN functions/Elastic Forces CoMPutation) is able to represent the mechanical effects due to pre-assigned distributions of single forces. Even if internal deformation sources can be described by distributions of equivalent body forces with vanishing resultant and moment, single forces are employed in geophysics to represent hydraulic and/or lithostatic loads, effects of internal density anomalies, and even some kind of seismic events. A distribution of single forces is also used to describe the effects of an inelastic inclusion located inside an elastic medium. In fact, the recent literature shows that poro-elastic and thermo-elastic inclusions can be represented using single forces distributed on their boundaries. EFGRN/EFCMP shares the benefits of rapid and semi-analytical calculation offered by the parent code, EFGRN/EFCMP , which is instead suitable for the representation of extended dislocation sources, as seismic faults. The present code also provides an option for computing the effects of a distribution of single forces embedded in a homogeneous half-space, by using the analytical solutions of Mindlin. Accordingly, EFGRN/EFCMP can be a valid support both for the representation of forward models of deformation sources and for the procedures of inversion of geodetic data in a layered medium. We show some applications of the code and we provide several scripts in MATLAB language which help the user to quickly start using EFGRN/EFCMP
    Description: Published
    Description: 105136
    Description: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.08. Volcanology ; 05.01. Computational geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Investigation of the Norcia basin (Central Italy) through ambient vibration measurements and geological surveys (2021)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-21
    Description: During the 2016–2017, a seismic sequence struck the Central Italy, involving four regions (Umbria, Marche, Abruzzo and Lazio) and causing important damages and victims in inhabited areas such as Norcia and Amatrice towns. The strongest event of the seismic sequence was a Mw 6.5 event with epicenter at about 5 km far from the Norcia area, which is an intermontane basin prone to ground motion amplification. The historical town of Norcia and the surrounding hamlets were recently investigated by the microzonation activity, but information on the geometry and velocity are still partial considering the entire basin. Indeed, past studies aimed at reconstructing the elastic and geometrical properties focusing mainly on the northern part of the basin. Specifically in this paper, we integrated seismic and geological data to get a better knowledge of the properties of the Quaternary Norcia basin. A geological survey was carried out to provide a geological map and three geological cross-sections. We analyzed new seismic ambient vibrations data, collected by single-seismic stations, to infer the distribution of resonant frequency (f0) for the entire basin. We used passive arrays of seismic stations to better define the velocity profiles of the area. In the northern part of the basin, two 2D arrays with elliptical-like shapes were deployed showing strong discrepancies of the elastic soil properties in proximity of Norcia town. We found shear-wave velocities of the near-surface profile of about 300–400 and 500–800 m/s in presence of palustrine and alluvial fan deposits, respectively. Further, the values of f0 are abruptly varying from 0.5 Hz in the SW sector of Norcia village up to 2 Hz in its NE sector. Ambient vibration data reveal less pronounced variation of f0 in the southern part of the basin, with resonant values that are almost in the range 1–1.3 Hz. In the southern sector, a 1D array was arranged along a 5-km line and was analyzed by means of seismic noise cross-correlation analysis suggesting the presence of a deeper seismic contrast. The integration of geophysical and geological results has allowed to infer insights on the subsurface geometry of the basin.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105501
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    A novel algorithm for seismic events multiplets search (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: A common practice of seismology is to analyze earthquake occurrence in terms of events catalogues, with the aim to either find useful correlations between internal mechanisms under study and their outcome in the spatial/temporal series of the events or, more directly, to assess some statistical rules from observations. With this approach, catalogues are often searched for some recognizable patterns or behaviors: in this work we present a software tool created to reveal a particular kind of events sequences. The idea follows from the concept of multiplets, a well known events pattern often found in seismic series. A multiplet is defined as a sequence of events, all near in space and time and exhibiting similar magnitudes. The amount of multiplets in seismic series is related, as it is for other clustering mechanisms, to underlying correlations in the physics of the events. The software, built from scratch, scans seismic catalogues in search of events clustered as “multiplets”: this is done through the thorough application of comparison tests whose parameters thresholds are both user defined and semi-automated. The tool is however more “general” in the sense that by varying values of the filtering parameters it can reveal other kind of patterns too. While we think that this tool can be thought as a general purpose space–time series analyzer, we have found it particularly useful when applied to the results of a seismic simulator with the purpose of assessing their adherence with the observed seismicity. It can be used as a sort of metric to quantify the simulation predictions effectiveness in terms of presence of similar multiplets distributions in simulated vs. real catalogues. The software has been entirely developed in the Wolfram Language (Mathematica), a commercial powerful environment for scientific calculus and results report, but the main computational routine has been also ported to python for open-source, copyleft usage.
    Description: Published
    Description: 105496
    Description: OST5 Verso un nuovo Monitoraggio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: seismic multiple events ; 05.01. Computational geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    Temperature compensation in high accuracy accelerometers using multi-sensor and machine learning methods (2024)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Experimental data are publicly available here: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/f78bmhr628/1
    Description: Temperature is a major source of inaccuracy in high-sensitivity accelerometers and gravimeters. Active thermal control systems require power and may not be ideal in some contexts such as airborne or spaceborne applications. We propose a solution that relies on multiple thermometers placed within the accelerometer to measure temperature and thermal gradient variations. Machine Learning algorithms are used to relate the temperatures to their effect on the accelerometer readings. However, obtaining labeled data for training these algorithms can be difficult. Therefore, we also developed a training platform capable of replicating temperature variations in a laboratory setting. Our experiments revealed that thermal gradients had a significant effect on accelerometer readings, emphasizing the importance of multiple thermometers. The proposed method was experimentally tested and revealed a great potential to be extended to other sources of inaccuracy, such as rotations, as well as to other types of measuring systems, such as magnetometers or gyroscopes.
    Description: This work was funded by “Regione Lazio” (Italy) with European Regional Development Fund (Italy, Lazio) through the call “Gruppi di Ricerca 2020 (POR FESR LAZIO 2014 – 2020), project number: A0375-2020-36674
    Description: Published
    Description: 114090
    Description: OSA1: Variazioni del campo magnetico terrestre, imaging crostale e sicurezza del territorio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: gravimeter ; gravimetry ; 05.04. Instrumentation and techniques of general interest ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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