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  • Articles  (46,809)
  • 2015-2019  (46,809)
  • 1945-1949
  • IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science  (12,665)
  • 108844
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  • Articles  (46,809)
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  • 1
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    Soil carbon under perennial pastures; benchmarking the influence of pasture age and management (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: This paper reports baseline soil carbon stocks from a field survey of 19 sites; 8 pairs/triplet in the Monaro region of New South Wales. Site comparisons were selected by the Monaro Farming Systems group to demonstrate the influence of land management on soil carbon, and included: nutrient management, liming, pasture age and cropping history. Soil carbon stocks varied with parent material and with land management. The fertilised (phosphorus) native perennial pasture had a greater stock of soil carbon compared with the unfertilised site; 46.8 vs 40.4 Mg.C.ha to 0.50 m. However, the introduced perennial pasture which had been limed had a lower stock of soil carbon compared with the unlimed site; 62.8 vs 66.7 Mg.C.ha to 0.50 m. There was a greater stock of soil carbon under two of the three younger ( 35 yr old) pastures. Cropped sites did not have lower soil carbon stocks at all sites; however, this survey was conducted after...
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  • 2
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    Soil in the Anthropocene (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: With scholars deliberating a new name for our geologic epoch, i.e., the Anthropocene, soil scientists whether biologists, chemists, or physicists are documenting significant changes accruing in a majority of Earth's soils. Such global soil changes interact with the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere (i.e., Earth's Critical Zone), and these developments are significantly impacting the Earth's stratigraphic record as well. In effect, soil scientists study such global soil changes in a science of anthropedology, which leads directly to the need to transform pedostratigraphyinto an anthro-pedostratigraphy, a science that explores how global soil change alters Earth's litho-, bio-, and chemostratigraphy. These developments reinforce perspectives that the planet is indeed crossing into the Anthropocene.
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  • 3
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    The Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP): a national scale natural resources and conservation needs assessment and decision support tool (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: The Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) was initiated to quantify the impacts of agricultural conservation practices at the watershed, regional, and national scales across the United States. Representative cropland acres in all major U.S. watersheds were surveyed in 2003-2006 as part of the seminal CEAP Cropland National Assessment. Two process-based models, the Agricultural Policy Environmental eXtender(APEX) and the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), were applied to the survey data to provide a quantitative assessment of current conservation practice impacts, establish a benchmark against which future conservation trends and efforts could be measured, and identify outstanding conservation concerns. The flexibility of these models and the unprecedented amount of data on current conservation practices across the country enabled Cropland CEAP to meet its Congressional mandate of quantifying the value of current conservation practices. It also enabled scientifically grou...
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  • 4
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    The cost effectiveness of a policy to store carbon in Australian agricultural soils to abate greenhouse gas emissions (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Data for cropping and pastoral enterprises in south eastern Australia were used in a cost-effectiveness analysis to assess the feasibility of abating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through storing soil carbon (C) as soil organic matter under the Australian government's Carbon Farming Initiative. We used the C credit value for 2013-14 of $24.15 per tonne of CO 2 - equivalent (CO 2 -e) and a C storage rate of 0.5 tonne C/hectare/year for conversion of cropland to pasture. Given that a change of enterprise is driven primarily by farmer returns, we found that none of the changes were feasible at current prices, with the exception of wheat to cattle or sheep in an irrigated system, and dryland cotton to cattle or sheep. Given that our model scenario assumed the most favourable economic factors, it is unlikely that increased soil C storage through a change from cropping to pasture can make a significant contribution to abating Australia's CO 2 emissions. How...
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  • 5
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    The rise of information science: a changing landscape for soil science (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: The last 15 years have seen the rapid development of a wide range of information technologies. Those developments have been impacting all fields of science, at every step of the scientific method: data collection, data analysis, inference, science communication and outreach. The rate at which data is being generated is increasing exponentially, giving opportunities to improve our understanding of soils. Parallel developments in computing hardware and methods, such as machine learning, open ways to not only harness the '?data deluge?, but also offer a new way to generate knowledge. Finally, emerging data and information delivery protocols are leveraging the outreach power of the World Wide Web to disseminate scientific data and information, and increase their use and understanding outside the boundaries of a given scientific field. However, the nature of this data is mostly new to soil science, and requires adaptation to its diversity and volume. In particular, the integration of ...
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  • 6
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    Soil Change Matters Workshop 24-27 March 2014 - Photographs (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Photographs from the conference can be found in the PDF.
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  • 7
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    The policy and science of soil change - a Victorian perspective (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Understanding and managing soil change is an important component of maintaining soil health and soil security which is important for the future of agricultural productivity in Victoria. Historically, soil policy in Victoria has been dealt with on the basis of a single issue. With the emergence of farming systems thinking, and the concept of soil health and soil security, a more holistic approach is now being taken. A seven-step policy framework has been developed that promotes dialogue between scientist and policy makers. The questions it asks (what is the problem and how can it be solved?) clarify the role of government investment, and developing partnerships between science and policy, enables early identification of potential policy problems and development of appropriate policy interventions to manage soil change and ultimately soil health, soil security and soil productivity.
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  • 8
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    Can soil change be assessed for the Victorian dairy industry? (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Meeting the increased demand for dairy products will require careful management of soils to minimise land degradation and sustain increased production. Key to providing farmers with the tools to manage their soils sustainably, is firstly understanding the soil types currently managed by dairy farmers, and secondly quantifying changes in soil properties in response to management. The Victorian Land Use Information System was interrogated to identify dairy land parcels and these data overlaid on soil survey information to identify the dominant soil orders managed by dairy farmers in the three dairy regions of Victoria. Of the approximately 590,000 hectares of dairy land identified across the state, Sodosols (33%), Chromosols (20%), Dermosols (16%), and Vertosols (11%) are the major soil Orders represented, although the dominant soil Orders vary for each region. Legacy data from research and extension activities undertaken between 1995 and 2010 were collated to understand regional d...
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  • 9
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    The Global Soil Partnership (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: The Global Soil Partnership (GSP) has been established, following an intensive preparatory work of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in collaboration with the European Commission (EC), as a voluntary partnership coordinated by the FAO in September 2011 [1]. The GSP is open to all interested stakeholders: Governments (FAO Member States), Universities, Research Organizations, Civil Society Organizations, Industry and private companies. It is a voluntary partnership aiming towards providing a platform for active engagement in sustainable soil management and soil protection at all scales: local, national, regional and global. As a ?coalition of the willing? towards soil protection, it attempts to make progress in reversing soil degradation with those partners that have a genuine will of protecting soils for our future generations. It openly aims towards creating an enabling environment, despite the resistance of a minority of national governments, for ...
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  • 10
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    Soil Change Matters International Workshop - Overview (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Soils change in response to land use, land management and climate. Understanding the mechanisms and rates of change in fundamental soil properties, their extent across landscapes, and the drivers of change, is critical for management of soil and land to ensure enduring productivity and the provision of ecosystem services. A reliable evidence base for soil change can be created through research into fundamental soil properties and processes, which coupled with monitoring, can be used to develop models to support management and policy decisions. Soil scientists, land managers and policy makers occupy different intellectual domains and each can contribute to a soil change dialogue focussed on providing the best science for managers, policy and decision-making. Clarity is needed concerning the knowledge needs of policy makers and the latter need to understand what is achievable by science and at what cost. However, communication is often limited by the discipline-specific language ...
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  • 11
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    Soil news - the soil carbon and climate policy journey in Australia and the role of different media (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: ?Enough soil carbon to mitigate climate change is a big ask? was a litmus piece in the October 2012 edition of Agriculture Today. The paper was the New South Wales Department of Primary Industries? flagship research, advisory and farm management vehicle, published monthly in The Land for 20 years, on the web since 2005 until December 2012. The October 2012 story dovetailed with Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) television Lateline reporting that the Federal Coalition's (from now on Government's) climate policy could not demonstrate that storing carbon in Australian soils would achieve the major proportion of a target to reduce Australia's greenhouse emissions by five per cent on 2000 levels by 2020. It also provided background for the ABC's FactCheck verdict that voters in 2013 federal election were not hearing ?the full story on climate research?. The real story is how to inform urban Australia's poor understanding and lack of connection to how land manager...
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  • 12
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    Advances in Soil Biology: What does this mean for assessing soil change? (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Our interests in soil change are moving away from soil properties and increasingly towards changes in the processes and functioning of soils. Soil organisms are fundamental to dynamics and change in soils through their fundamental role in soil processes [1]. However it is only with recent technical and theoretical advances that we have started to establish quantitative relationships between soil biology and soil change (c.f. [2]). It is this predictive understanding that will enable us to fully integrate soil biology into the effective monitoring and sustainable management of soils. This paper outlines some of the recent advances in soil biology and discusses their relevance to monitoring and management.
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  • 13
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    Peer review statement (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.
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  • 14
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    The Soil and its Chemistry- Critical Futures (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Unlike changes over time to the earth's atmosphere or oceans, changes to soils occur at a very local scale, with much less interconnectedness between the points of change. A further difference between soils and other media is the much greater buffer capacity of the system to change, which means that changes are more gradual and difficult to measure. Further difficulties of assessing changes in soil ?condition? are due to the natural heterogeneity of soils across landscapes, which poses sampling, analysis and statistical interpretation challenges of a much greater magnitude than those for the atmosphere or for surface or ground waters. Superimpose localised anthropogenic disturbances and enhancements to soil on this (at a farm or paddock level) and it is evident that knowledge and assessment of soil ?condition? is needed at a relatively small scale compared to assessments of atmospheric or aquatic system ?condition?. At the same time, soils contribute significantly at larger scale...
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  • 15
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    Soil development over millennial timescales - a comparison of soil chronosequences of different climates and lithologies (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: This paper reports soil development over time in different climates, on time-scales ranging from a few thousand to several hundred thousand years. Changes in soil properties over time, underlying soil-forming processes and their rates are presented. The paper is based on six soil chronosequences, i.e. sequences of soils of different age that are supposed to have developed under the similar conditions with regard to climate, vegetation and other living organisms, relief and parent material. The six soil chronosequences are from humid-temperate, Mediterranean and semi-arid climates. They are compared with regard to soil thickness increase, changes in soil pH, formation of pedogenic iron oxides (expressed as Fe d /Fe t ratios), clay formation, dust influx (both reflected in clay/silt ratios), and silicate weathering and leaching of base cations(expressed as (Ca+Mg+K+Na)/Al molar ratios) over time. This comparison reveals that the increase of solum thickness with t...
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  • 16
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    Delivering solutions to questions regarding soil change? examples from USDA and the National Cooperative Soil Survey (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: The US National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS) has been investigating Soil Change within the Interpretations Conference Committees and within the USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), Soil Science Division since the early 1990?s. Historically, the National Cooperative Soil Survey worked on building a national map that would deliver information on land use and soil management. Soil Mapping, Soil Classification and Soil Taxonomy focused on the static qualities of the soil profile, attempting to make estimates and predictions of soil groupings based on soil characteristics that were stable beyond a 5 to 20 year cycle of use and management and potential anthropogenic change. The National cooperative Soil Survey continues to seek new ways to interpret soils and to make that information more easily accessible. Practice-specific soil interpretations are being explored to support NRCS conservation planning and practice implementation. Other areas of focus include the develo...
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  • 17
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    Soil moisture monitoring for crop management (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: The 'Risk management through soil moisture monitoring' project has demonstrated the capability of current technology to remotely monitor and communicate real time soil moisture data. The project investigated whether capacitance probes would assist making informed pre- and in-crop decisions. Crop potential and cropping inputs are increasingly being subject to greater instability and uncertainty due to seasonal variability. In a targeted survey of those who received regular correspondence from the Department of Primary Industries it was found that i) 50% of the audience found the information generated relevant for them and less than 10% indicted with was not relevant; ii) 85% have improved their knowledge/ability to assess soil moisture compared to prior to the project, with the most used indicator of soil moisture still being rain fall records; and iii) 100% have indicated they will continue to use some form of the technology to monitor soil moisture levels in the future. It is ho...
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  • 18
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    Using satellite imagery to asses trends in soil and crop productivity across landscapes (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Measuring different indicators of production and soil health over the long term will help build a picture of soil health and productivity across the landscape. This paper examines the potential contribution of satellite imagery to this area. This investigation undertook a very long time series analysis of Landsat imagery (approximately 40 years) and MODIS imagery (approximately 10 years). Novel datasets and approaches were used to assess areas based on land use history and land cover condition. Spring Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), land cover maps based on NDVI thresholds, annual cumulative NDVI and fractional ground cover (FGC) were used to identify trends in vegetation cover change at a landscape scale, and their relationship with factors such as land use intensification history, geomorphology, rainfall, and land use. This work has improved the broad, baseline understanding of production variation across the landscape, while also providing a practical demonstrat...
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  • 19
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    Policy and effective action for soil security: a need for reframing the soil story (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Soil science is a vital scientific discipline producing cutting-edge research in its various sub-disciplines. Its role in studying major environmental issues, often defined as food security, water and energy availability, climate change and biodiversity loss, is, however, less obvious to stakeholders, policy makers and the public at large. It deserves better. Reframing the soil story by taking a pro-active interdisciplinary approach in demonstrating the role of soils when studying these issues is advocated in the context of the ten Sustainable Development Goals. Soil change matters not only in a negative way when referring to erosion and degradation but also, and particularly, to soil improvement. But only successfully completed programs in practice will be convincing and that's why an active role of soil researchers and soil scientists, acting as knowledge brokers, is advocated in transdisciplinary programs. This includes more emphasis on preparation and implementation than is a...
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  • 20
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    Permanent soil monitoring system as a basic tool for protection of soils and sustainable land use in Slovakia (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: The purpose of soil monitoring system in Slovakia is to better protect the soils with regard to sustainable land use. The main object is the observation of soil parameters indicative of change to the equilibrium of soil system as far as to the irreversible change with possible development of degradation processes in soil. The soil monitoring system in Slovakia has been running since 1993. Its importance consists of providing the information on changing spatial and temporal variations of soil parameters as well as the evolution of soil quality in topsoil and subsoil. The soil monitoring network in Slovakia is constructed using ecological principles, taking into account all main soil types and subtypes, soil organic matter, climatic regions, emission regions, polluted and non-polluted regions as well as various other land uses. The results of soil monitoring of 318 sites on agricultural land in Slovakia have been presented. Soil properties are evaluated according to the main threat...
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  • 21
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    Modelling soil carbon in agricultural systems: a way to widen the experimental space (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Mechanistic and explanatory simulation models provide robust and objective methods to extrapolate likely responses of crops and soils to climate change over different landscapes and time periods. Central to such simulation models are the supply of mineralised nutrients, in particular nitrogen, to crops through linked crop and nutrient sub-models that is achieved through modelling soil carbon dynamics. Attention to soil processes is therefore an essential part of building robust and sustainable production systems and understanding the potential impacts of climate change. To the farmer, focus must be on the productive capacity of the land and its rejuvenation to sustain production. In the broader context of reducing atmospheric CO 2 concentration through soil C sequestration, understanding soil processes and the immediate environment likewise require attention to productivity issues. This is because without maintaining productivity a better understanding of soil organic c...
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  • 22
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    Soil Archives: supporting Research into Soil Changes (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Soil archives provide valuable support to soil research by making soil specimens and associated data available, reducing the need for labour intensive and expensive fieldwork.
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  • 23
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    Assessing changes in carbon stocks of Scottish soils: lessons learnt (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Between 1978 and 1988, the soils at 721 locations throughout Scotland were sampled at intervals 10 km apart. They were described, characterised and samples were taken from each of the main horizons. Material not used for analysis was stored in the National Soils Archive. Between 2007 and 2009, 183 of these locations were re-visited (20 km intervals) and fresh samples taken to identify changes in nutrient status, pH and, in particular, soil carbon concentrations and stocks over the 19-31 year period. The archived soil samples from this time were re-analysed alongside those from the recent sampling to determine carbon concentrations. Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used to estimate their bulk density so that carbon stocks could be calculated as this was not measured at the original sampling. The results showed no statistically significant change in soil carbon stocks to 1 m depth for the main, broad land use types in Scotland apart from a small but significant increase (P=0.03...
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  • 24
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    Accessing Queensland's soil information - an open data revolution! (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: The Queensland government is the custodian of soil and land resource information with an estimated value of $75 million. The Soil and Land Information (SALI) system houses this data from over 600 distinct studies with some 96,000 soil observations dating back to the 1940s. This data is now not only used by government but by universities, councils, landowners, consultants and schools. Providing this information to the public in an easy and accessible way, with a focus towards online delivery is crucial. Previous issues with distribution of online soils information in Queensland have stemmed not only from limits to technology but also, changing departmental structures and multiple websites. The department which manages soils information in Queensland has undergone nine name changes in the last 12 years due to Machinery of Government (MoG) restructures. This constantly changing web presence and branding is as confusing for people sourcing soils information as it is for those providi...
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  • 25
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    Key soil functional properties affected by soil organic matter - evidence from published literature (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: The effect of varying the amount of soil organic matter on a range of individual soil properties was investigated using a literature search of published information largely from Australia, but also included relevant information from overseas. Based on published pedotransfer functions, soil organic matter was shown to increase plant available water by 2 to 3 mm per 10 cm for each 1% increase in soil organic carbon, with the largest increases being associated with sandy soils. Aggregate stability increased with increasing soil organic carbon, with aggregate stability decreasing rapidly when soil organic carbon fell below 1.2 to 1.5 5%. Soil compactibility, friability and soil erodibility were favourably improved by increasing the levels of soil organic carbon. Nutrient cycling was a major function of soil organic matter. Substantial amounts of N, P and S become available to plants when the soil organic matter is mineralised. Soil organic matter also provides a food source for the m...
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  • 26
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    What can legacy datasets tell us about soil quality trends? Soil acidity in Victoria (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: Purpose-built soil monitoring networks have been established in many countries to identify where soil functionality is threatened and to target remediation initiatives. An alternative to purpose-built soil monitoring networks is to use legacy soils information. Such information yields almost instant assessments of soil change but the results should be interpreted with caution since the information was not collected with monitoring in mind. We assess the threat of soil acidification in Victoria using two legacy datasets: (i) the Victorian Soils Information System (VSIS) which is a repository of the results of soil analyses conducted for scientific purposes since the 1950s and (ii) a database of 75 000 routine soil test results requested by farmers between 1973 and 1993. We find that the VSIS measurements are clustered in space and time and are therefore suitable for local rather than broad-scale assessments of soil change. The farmers? results have better spatial and temporal cove...
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    Soil Change Matters 2014 (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-07-18
    Description: The opinions expressed and arguments employed in this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the OECD or of the governments of its Member countries. The Workshop was sponsored by the OECD Co-operative Research Programme on Biological Resource Management for Sustainable Agricultural Systems, whose financial support made it possible for eight of the invited speakers to participate in the Workshop. We would like to thank the Organising Committee, the Scientific Committee and the financial support from the conference sponsors and funding from the Government of Victoria that allowed the success of the Soil Change Matters Workshop. Organising Committee (Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources unless otherwise noted): ? Richard MacEwan (Convenor) ? Jennifer Alexander ? Helaina Black (James Hutton Institute, UK) ? Doug Crawford ? Phil Dyson (...
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    8th IGRSM International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial & Remote Sensing (IGRSM 2016) (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-05
    Description: This proceedings consists of the peer-reviewed papers from the 8 th IGRSM International Conference and Exhibition on Geospatial & Remote Sensing & GIS (IGRSM 2016), which was organised by the Institution of Geospatial and Remote Sensing Malaysia (IGRSM) on 13-14 April 2016 at the Berjaya Times Square Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The conference, with the theme Geospatial on the Go, aimed to facilitate the dissemination of knowledge, and the sharing of expertise and experience in geospatial sciences, in all aspects of its applications. It also aimed to build linkages between industry and local and international professionals in this field. The co-organisers of the conference were Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Science & Technology Research Institute for Defence (STRIDE), National Space Agency (ANGKASA), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM), Universiti Teknologi Petronas (UTP), Malaysian Rubber Board (LGM), For...
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    Sediment-hosted/orogenic gold mineral systems exploration using PALSAR remote sensing data in Peninsular Malaysia (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-05
    Description: The Bentong-Raub Suture Zone (BRSZ) is genetically related to the sediment-hosted/orogenic gold deposits associated with the major lineaments and form-lines in the Central Gold Belt of Peninsular Malaysia. In this investigation, the Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) satellite remote sensing data were used to analyse major geological structures in Peninsular Malaysia and provide detailed characterization of lineaments and form-lines in the BRSZ, as well as its implications for sediment-hosted/orogenic gold exploration in tropical environments. The pervasive array of N-S faults in the study area and surrounding terrain is mainly linked to the N-S trending of the BRSZ Suture Zone. N-S striking lineaments are often cut by younger NE-SW and NW-SE-trending lineaments. Three generations of folding event have been discerned from remote sensing structural analysis. Gold mineralized trends lineaments are associated with the intersection of N-S, NE-SW, NNW-SSE and ...
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    Assessment of geometric errors of Advanced Himawari-8 Imager (AHI) over one year operation (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-05
    Description: This paper presents an approach to check a geometric performance of Advanced Himawari-8 imager (AHI) and demonstrate and evaluate a new approach to ensure more geometric accurately focusing on visible imagery in 500 meters. A series of processing is supplemented by ground control points of shore lines, land mark locations and digital elevation model. Firstly, a template matching technique is conducted to find a best matching point by simply moving the center of AHI sub-image over each point in a reference image of shore lines and calculating the sum of products between the coefficients and the corresponding neighbourhood pixels in the area spanned by the filter mask. Secondly, ortho-rectification processing is carried out to compensate for the geodetical distortions with respect to the acquisition condition including viewing geometry and so on. As a result, an average of root mean square sum of residual errors with system correction and that of precise geometric correction are s...
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    Online 3D terrain visualisation using Unity 3D game engine: A comparison of different contour intervals terrain data draped with UAV images (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-05
    Description: The main objective of this paper is to discuss on the effectiveness of visualising terrain draped with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) images generated from different contour intervals using Unity 3D game engine in online environment. The study area that was tested in this project was oil palm plantation at Sintok, Kedah. The contour data used for this study are divided into three different intervals which are 1m, 3m and 5m. ArcGIS software were used to clip the contour data and also UAV images data to be similar size for the overlaying process. The Unity 3D game engine was used as the main platform for developing the system due to its capabilities which can be launch in different platform. The clipped contour data and UAV images data were process and exported into the web format using Unity 3D. Then process continue by publishing it into the web server for comparing the effectiveness of different 3D terrain data (contour data) draped with UAV images. The effectiveness is compared...
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    Peer review statement (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-05
    Description: All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.
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    Genetic algorithm for investigating flight MH370 in Indian Ocean using remotely sensed data (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-05
    Description: This study utilized Genetic algorithm (GA) for automatic detection and simulation trajectory movements of flight MH370 debris. In doing so, the Ocean Surface Topography Mission(OSTM) on the Jason- 2 satellite have been used within 1 and half year covers data to simulate the pattern of Flight MH370 debris movements across the southern Indian Ocean. Further, multi-objectives evolutionary algorithm also used to discriminate uncertainty of flight MH370 imagined and detection. The study shows that the ocean surface current speed is 0.5 m/s. This current patterns have developed a large anticlockwise gyre over a water depth of 8,000 m. The multi-objectives evolutionary algorithm suggested that objects are existed on satellite data are not flight MH370 debris. In addition, multiobjectives evolutionary algorithm suggested that the difficulties to acquire the exact location of flight MH370 due to complicated hydrodynamic movements across the southern Indian Ocean.
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    Technical Programme Committee (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-05
    Description: Chairpersons: Gs. Dr. Dinesh Sathyamoorthy, Science & Technology Research Institute for Defence (STRIDE), Ministry of Defence, Malaysia Assoc. Prof. Gs. Dr. Abdul Rashid Mohamed Shariff, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia Members: Prof. Gs. Dr. Mazlan Hashim, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia Prof. Dr. Li Jing, Beijing Normal University, China Prof. Dr. Iyyanki Muralikrishna, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), India Prof. Dr. Ismat Mohamed El Hassan, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia Prof. Dr. Ewe Hong Tat, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Malaysia Prof. Dr. Christine Pohl, University of Osnabrueck, Germany Prof. Dr. Mahender Kotha, Goa University, India Prof. Dr. Paolo Gamba, University of Pavia, Italy Assoc. Prof. Gs. Dr. Abdul Nasir Matori, Universiti Teknologi Petronas (UTP), Malaysia Assoc. Prof. Gs. Dr. Khiruddi...
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    A novel built-up spectral index developed by using multiobjective particle-swarm-optimization technique (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-05
    Description: In this study, we propose a novel built-up spectral index which was developed by using particle-swarm-optimization (PSO) technique for Worldview-2 images. PSO was used to select the relevant bands from the eight (8) spectral bands of Worldview-2 image and then were used for index development. Multiobiective optimization was used to minimize the number of selected spectral bands and to maximize the classification accuracy. The results showed that the most important and relevant spectral bands among the eight (8) bands for built-up area extraction are band4 (yellow) and band7 (NIR1). Using those relevant spectral bands, the final spectral index was form ulated by developing a normalized band ratio. The validation of the classification result using the proposed spectral index showed that our novel spectral index performs well compared to the existing WV -BI index. The accuracy assessment showed that the new proposed spectral index could extract built-up areas from Worldview-2 image...
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    Organising Committee (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-05
    Description: Chairman Assoc. Prof. Gs. Dr. Abdul Rashid Mohamed Shariff Technical Programme Gs. Dr. Dinesh Sathyamoorthy Finance Normalina Jamaluddin Gs. Kumar Veliayudam Local Arrangement Gs. Dr. Ahmad Fikri Abdullah Gs. Dr. Farrah Melissa Muharam Siti Sarah Emran Sponsorship and Exhibition Tn. Hj. Gs. Khairuddin Abd Rahman Gs. Mohd Hafiz Mohd Hazir Publicity and Website Gs. Samsuddin Ahmad Gs. Dr. Ruzinoor Che Mat Gs. Mohd Zakri Tarmidi Siti Nooradzah Adam Steering Committee Members Gs. Wan Abdul Hamid Shukri, Forestry Department Peninsular Malaysia (JPSM) Gs. Khairul Anam Musa, National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM) Zuhaidah Nordin, Malaysian Centre for Geospatial Data Infrastructure (MaCGDI) Maj. (PA) Syed Azam Shah, Malaysian Civil Defence Department (JPAM) Noor Azawani Wahap, National Space Agency (ANGKASA) Tn. Hj. Ismail Hj...
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    A comparative accuracy of Google Earth height with MyGeoid, EGM96 and MSL (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-05
    Description: This study aims to provide understanding on the accuracy of height derived from Google Earth (H GoogleEarth ) as compared to height obtained from Malaysian Geoid Model (H MyGeoid ), Mean Sea Level (H MSL ) and Earth Geoid Model 96 (H EGM96 ). Total of 50 established points with height acquired from HMyGeoid and HMSL were measured within UiTM (Universiti Teknologi MARA) Arau Campus. These points were also used to extract height from Google Earth and EGM96. Statistical results showed a good range of R 2 between H GoogleEarth -H MyGeoid , H GoogleEarth -H MSL and H GoogleEarth -H EGM96 i.e. 0.823, 0.843 and 0.824 respectively. It shows H GoogleEarth strongly correlated with H msl .
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    Trends in the aerosol load properties over south eastern Italy (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-19
    Description: The long-term (2003-2013) variations in columnar aerosol properties at Lecce, a site representative of the central Mediterranean, have been analysed for trend assessment. The study focuses on aerosol optical thickness (AOT) at 340, 440, 500 and 1020 nm and Ångström exponent (AE) for the pair 440-870 nm, retrieved from a sun photometer operating within the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). A non-parametric trend analysis of the monthly mean, median and upper and lower tails (90th and 10th percentiles) suggests that the aerosol load has decreased during the study period, while the mean particle size remained unchanged. The characteristic advections reaching the study site were found by clustering analysis of back trajectories at 500, 1500 and 3000 m. Despite the strong influence they have on aerosol load and particle size, neither of the trends in advection routes could explain the tendencies found in the columnar aerosol properties. However, trends in aerosol data by advection ty...
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    Multi-wavelength aerosol LIDAR signal pre-processing: practical considerations (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-19
    Description: Elastic lidars provide range-resolved information about the aerosol content in the atmosphere. Nevertheless, a number of pre-processing techniques need to be used before performing the inversion of the detected signal: range-correction, time-averaging, photoncounting channel dead-time correction, overlap correction, Rayleigh-fitting and gluing of both channels.
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    Validation of libRadtran and SBDART models under different aerosol conditions (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-19
    Description: This study is aimed at analyzing the performance of the radiative transfer models libRadtran and SBDART for estimating the shortwave (285-2800 nm) irradiance under different aerosol conditions. For that purpose, measurements of downward irradiance at the Earth s surface in Évora and the corresponding model simulations have been compared for six selected days (03-08-2003, 15-08-2004, 24-08-2004, 18-07-2005, 19-08-2007 and 17-05-2010). The comparison between measured and simulated values shows a highly significant correlation, with determination coefficient between 0.999 and 1 for both models and slope very close to unity (between 0.992±0.004 and 1.017±0.003 for libRadtran, and between 0.997±0.004 and 1.024±0.002 for SBDART), supporting the validity of the models in the estimation of irradiance in the shortwave spectral range. Relative differences between the simulated and measured irradiances with respect to the measured values have also been calculated, being most of the differen...
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    Analysis and predication of urban water security: a case study of Chengdu City, China (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: To investigate the sustainable state of the water resources in Chengdu, the pressure-state-response model was adopted to establish the index system of the water security, in which the index weights were calculated by the analytic hierarchy process. The comprehensive values of the urban water security in recent years have been calculated. The results showed that the water security level of Chengdu was grade IV from 2005 to 2013, which indicated a safe state. To ensure the coordinated development among the society, economy and environment, several suggestions were proposed. The water-saving consciousness of the public and the water-saving city could be improved through increasing the water-saving facilities and techniques. The environmental investment could be increased for improving the treatment rate of the municipal and industrial wastewater. The management and warning system could be improved to strengthen the ability of coping with the accidental problems relating to the wate...
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    Effects of reservoir impoundment on fish assemblages in the Wujiang River of China (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: Fishery catches were investigated during the spring and autumn in the period 2006-2010. The fish assemblages’ composition and dynamics were analysed and compared under the pressure of the Pengshui Reservoir impoundment. A total of 101 species were sampled in the lower Wujiang River. 78 species and 83 species were found in the upper and the lower reaches, respectively. After impoundment there were five species in the Yanhe branch and nine species in the Pengshui branch. The abundance of species was higher in the Pengshui than in the Yanhe. Fish abundance did not change in the first year of impoundment (2008) in the Lujiao- Gongtan reach, but it dramatically declined by 45.95% in 2009. The fish were subdivided into three groups and two ecotypes according to their time-series appearance in fish catches and their habitat preference. Species composition changed significantly with decreases in numbers of lotic species. Fish assemblages responded more rapidly and dramatically to impoun...
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    Application of chaotic prediction model based on wavelet transform on water quality prediction (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: Dissolved oxygen (DO) is closely related to water self-purification capacity. In order to better forecast its concentration, the chaotic prediction model, based on the wavelet transform, is proposed and applied to a certain monitoring section of the Mentougou area of the Haihe River Basin. The result is compared with the simple application of the chaotic prediction model. The study indicates that the new model aligns better with the real data and has a higher accuracy. Therefore, it will provide significant decision support for water protection and water environment treatment.
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    Evaluation model coupling exploitable groundwater resources and land subsidence control in regional loose sediments (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: The loose sediments in the Yangtze River Delta, the North China Plain, the plain of Northern Jiangsu and other districts in China are of great thickness, complex in structure and abundant in groundwater. Groundwater overexploitation easily results in geological disasters of land subsidence. Aiming at the issues, assessment models coupling exploitable groundwater resources and land subsidence control in regional loose sediments were brought up in this paper. The two models were: (1) a three dimensional groundwater seepage model with land subsidence based on the one dimensional Terzaghi consolidation theory; (2) a three dimensional full coupling model on groundwater seepage and land subsidence based on the Biot consolidation theory to simulate and calculate. It can be used to simulate and calculate the problems in real situations. Thus, the groundwater seepage and land subsidence were coupled together in the model to evaluate the amount of exploitable groundwater under the specifi...
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    Enhancement of dewatering performance of digested paper mill sludge by chemical pretreatment (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: The wide application of anaerobic digestion (AD) for waste sludge results in a huge amount of digested sludge, while the appropriate reuse of digested sludge depends on effective solid-liquid separation. Thus, chemical (acid/alkali) pretreatment effects on dewaterability of digested paper mill sludge (DPMS) for better downstream reuse based on enhanced solid- liquid separation were investigated in this research. The dewatering properties of paper mill sludge (PMS) were also investigated to elucidate the impact of AD on sludge dewaterability. The results indicated that a higher DPMS dewaterability was noted with acid pretreatment (pH5). A 41.37% moisture content and 74.41% dewatering efficiency were determined for DPMS after acid (pH5) pretreatment within 25 min. In addition, a 7.13 mg•g-1 VSS of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and 101.50 μm of average particle size were observed. It was also observed that both EPS concentrations and particle sizes were key parameters in...
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    Research and application of ecological river courses restoration technology (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: In this paper, a practical method of ordered binary comparison determined by weight vector is proposed, as based on correlative concepts of the dualistic relative comparative method in fuzzy mathematics. By taking advantage of the proposed method, subordinated degree of evaluation indicators can be defined, such as weightiness and the degree of importance of ecological restoration of river courses, and a mathematical model can be established. The proposed mathematical model is clear in its physical conception and offers convenient calculations, and provides a theoretical foundation for the ecological restoration of river courses. This paper employs "standard values" of the evaluation index system (EIS) of ecological river networks as derived by previous literature [1] as the theoretical basis for the ecological restoration river courses.
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    Drawdown changes affected by flow rate and location of pumping wells near a river (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: Riverside groundwater exploitation is one of the main means of utilizing groundwater resources. This paper describes the impact of drawdown conditions with changes in the river flow and pumping well locations, and analyzes the interaction between the groundwater and surface water. Based on long-term hydrological gauging data, abundant hydrogeological test data, and the numerical simulation results for a typical well field of the Qinbei Power Plant, this paper presents three different cases of pumping well locations and four different cases of river flow rates. Finally, the abovementioned cases are integrated into 12 extraction groups and the drawdown conditions are calculated for each group. The results show that, for a given set of flow rate conditions, a location set in a recharge zone exhibited the maximum drawdown, while a location in a transition zone had the second-largest drawdown, and a location in a discharge zone had the minimum drawdown. In addition, assuming the same...
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    Enhanced cometabolic degradation of methyl tert-butyl ether by a Pseudomonas sp. strain grown on n-pentane (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: When methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is added as oxygenates it increases the octane number and decreases the release of nitric oxide from the incomplete combustion of reformulated gasoline. The extensive use of MTBE allowed it to be detectable as a pollutant in both ground-level and underground water worldwide. The present study focuses on the isolation and characterization of MTB-degrading microorganisms by cometabolism based on the results of growth on different carbon sources. It also focuses on the kinetic analysis and the continuous degradation of MTBE. A bacterial strain WL1 that can grow on both n-alkanes (C5-C8) and aromatics was isolated and named Pseudomonas sp. WL1 according to the 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. Strain WL1 could cometabolically degrade MTBE in the presence of n-alkanes with a desirable degradation rate. Diverse n-alkanes with different lengths of carbon chains showed significant influence on the degradation rate of MTBE and accumulation of tert-b...
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    Application of the dynamic ant colony algorithm on the optimal operation of cascade reservoirs (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: Due to the lack of dynamic adjustments between global searches and local optimization, it is difficult to maintain high diversity and overcome local optimum problems for Ant Colony Algorithms (ACA). Therefore, this paper proposes an improved ACA, Dynamic Ant Colony Algorithm (DACA). DACA applies dynamic adjustments on heuristic factor changes to balance global searches and local optimization in ACA, which decreases cosines. At the same time, by utilizing the randomness and ergodicity of the chaotic search, DACA implements the chaos disturbance on the path found in each ACA iteration to improve the algorithm's ability to jump out of the local optimum and avoid premature convergence. We conducted a case study with DACA for optimal joint operation of the Dadu River cascade reservoirs. The simulation results were compared with the results of the gradual optimization method and the standard ACA, which demonstrated the advantages of DACA in speed and precision.
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    A new threshold selection method for peak over for nonstationary time series (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: In the context of global climate change, human activities dramatically damage the consistency of hydrological time series. Peak Over Threshold (POT) series have become an alternative to the traditional Annual Maximum series, but it is still underutilized due to its complexity. Most literature about POT tended to employ only one threshold regardless of the non-stationarity of the whole series. Obviously, it is unwise to ignore the fact that our hydrological time series may no longer be a stationary stochastic process. Hence, in this paper, we take the daily runoff time series of the Yichang gauge station on the Yangtze River in China as an example, and try to shed light on the selection of the threshold provided non- stationarity of our time series. The Mann-Kendall test is applied to detect the change points; then, we gave different thresholds according to the change points to the sub-series. Comparing the goodness-of-fit of the series with one and several thresholds, it clearly...
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    Research on evaluation methods for water regulation ability of dams in the Huai River Basin (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: Water environment protection is a global and urgent problem that requires correct and precise evaluation. Evaluation methods have been studied for many years; however, there is a lack of research on the methods of assessing the water regulation ability of dams. Currently, evaluating the ability of dams has become a practical and significant research orientation because of the global water crisis, and the lack of effective ways to manage a dam's regulation ability has only compounded this. This paper firstly constructs seven evaluation factors and then develops two evaluation approaches to implement the factors according to the features of the problem. Dams of the Yin Shang ecological control section in the Huai He River basin are selected as an example to demonstrate the method. The results show that the evaluation approaches can produce better and more practical suggestions for dam managers.
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    Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of sepiolite supportednano-TiO 2 composites prepared by a mild solid-state sintering process (2016)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: Supported nano-TiO 2 photocatalysts play an important role in water environment restoration because of their potential application to photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in waste water. With sepiolite as the support, the nano-TiO 2 /sepiolite composite photocatalysts were synthesized by an easily operated and mild solid-state sintering process.The microstructureand photocatalytic property of the sepiolite supportednano-TiO 2 composites were characterized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition, the influences of calcination temperature and load ratios on the photocatalytic activity of sepiolite supported nano-TiO 2 composites were studied.The results indicated that appropriate ratios of sepiolite supports to nano-TiO 2 contributed to uniform dispersion of nanoparticles, and enhanced the absorption ability within the UV-Vis range, and consequent...
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    A critical review and database of biomass and volume allometric equation for trees and shrubs of Bangladesh (2016)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: Estimations of biomass, volume and carbon stock are important in the decision making process for the sustainable management of a forest. These estimations can be conducted by using available allometric equations of biomass and volume. Present study aims to: i. develop a compilation with verified allometric equations of biomass, volume, and carbon for trees and shrubs of Bangladesh, ii. find out the gaps and scope for further development of allometric equations for different trees and shrubs of Bangladesh. Key stakeholders (government departments, research organizations, academic institutions, and potential individual researchers) were identified considering their involvement in use and development of allometric equations. A list of documents containing allometric equations was prepared from secondary sources. The documents were collected, examined, and sorted to avoid repetition, yielding 50 documents. These equations were tested through a quality control scheme involving operat...
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    Spatiotemporal variation of precipitation based on three indicators in the flood season in Beijing (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: This paper attempts to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of precipitation in Beijing in terms of three indicators, i.e., the total precipitation, the maximum daily precipitation, and the maximum 5h precipitation in the flood season, with data collected from 20 meteorological stations from 1975 to 2012 (June to September). The Mann-Kendall nonparametric test, the linear regression, and five-year moving average were used. The results showed that: (i) the three indicators showed a decreasing trend; however, from 1975 to 1995 and from 1995 to 2012, the precipitation in the flood season showed an increasing trend with an increasing rate of 3.36 and 2.90mm/a, respectively. (ii) The indicators demonstrated a similar spatial variation. The high value precipitation areas were mainly in the northern and central parts of the city. The central districts had increasing centers with maximum increasing rates of 0.35, 0.65, and 0.49mm/a, respectively. However, the northern part exhibited dif...
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    Study on Treatment of acidic and highly concentrated fluoride waste water using calcium oxide-calcium chloride (2016)
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-03
    Description: There are problems with treating acidic waste water containing high concentration fluorine by chemical precipitation, including the low sludge setting velocity and the high difficulty of reaching the criterion. In Heilongjiang province, a graphite factory producing high-purity graphite generates acidic waste water with a high concentration of fluorine. In this paper, the effect of removals on the concentration of fluoride with the combined treatment of calcium oxide and calcium chloride were discussed with regard to acid waste water. The study improved the sludge characteristics by using polyacrylamide (PAM) and polymeric aluminum chloride (PAC). The effect of different coagulants on sludge was evaluated by the sludge settlement ratio (SV), sludge volume index (SVI) and sludge moisture content. The results showed that the optimal combination for 100 ml waste water was calcium oxide addition amount of 14 g, a calcium chloride addition amount of 2.5 g, a PAM addition amount of 350...
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    Structural Balancing vs Horizon Flattening on Seismic Data: Example from Extensional Tectonic Setting (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: Two techniques which are structural balancing and horizon flattening have been applied in this work to verify and validate the seismic interpretation performed on a few extracted 2D seismic cross-sections. Both techniques are useful to provide a mean of understanding what had happened or at least to imagine what had happened during the time of deposition for each of the interpreted horizons. Structural balancing technique is somehow more difficult, time-consuming and requires other information such as rocks' densities before it can be practiced. Horizon flattening, on the other hand is a straight-forward technique available in most interpretation software. Comparing the results from both techniques had shown us that structural balancing, despite its difficulties and time-consuming had provided a more geologically sound interpretation. It allows the interpreters to understand and imagine the relationship of faulting with sedimentation at a particular time. However, horizon flatte...
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    Technological solution for vulnerable communities: Questioning the sustainability of Appropriate Technology (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: Vulnerability eradication has become an emerging concern in today's society following the increasing uncertainties in achieving societal resilience, particularly in vulnerable communities. Furthermore, incorporating technological solution, especially appropriate technology (AT), into such concern requires interdisciplinary understandings to achieve a holistic eradication based on the particularities of each community. This study aims to briefly reveal existing scholarly discourses and investigate potential gap(s) between previous researches. Literatures, particularly consisting meta-analysis on previous scholarly discussions, are surveyed. The findings reveal three progress among scientific discourses. The first one is the paradigm shift of developmental purposes from typical development to empowerment. Next, concerns in technology development indicate the parallel movement toward empowerment. Then, previous methodological developments, including approach in sustaining AT, indic...
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    A shallow water model for the propagation of tsunami via Lattice Boltzmann method (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: An efficient implementation of the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for the numerical simulation of the propagation of long ocean waves (e.g. tsunami), based on the nonlinear shallow water (NSW) wave equation is presented. The LBM is an alternative numerical procedure for the description of incompressible hydrodynamics and has the potential to serve as an efficient solver for incompressible flows in complex geometries. This work proposes the NSW equations for the irrotational surface waves in the case of complex bottom elevation. In recent time, equation involving shallow water is the current norm in modelling tsunami operations which include the propagation zone estimation. Several test-cases are presented to verify our model. Some implications to tsunami wave modelling are also discussed. Numerical results are found to be in excellent agreement with theory.
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    The 2nd International Conference on Geological, Geographical, Aerospace and Earth Sciences 2014 (AeroEarth 2014) (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: The 2nd International Conference on Geological, Geographical, Aerospace and Earth Sciences 2014 (AeroEarth 2014), was held at Discovery Kartika Plaza Hotel, Kuta, Bali, Indonesia during 11 - 12 October 2014. The AeroEarth 2014 conference aims to bring together researchers and engineers from around the world. Through research and development, earth scientists have the power to preserve the planet's different resource domains by providing expert opinion and information about the forces which make life possible on Earth. Earth provides resources and the exact conditions to make life possible. However, with the advent of technology and industrialization, the Earth's resources are being pushed to the brink of depletion. Non-sustainable industrial practices are not only endangering the supply of the Earth's natural resources, but are also putting burden on life itself by bringing about pollution and climate change. A major role of earth science scholars is to exa...
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    An analysis of the role of information and communication technology sectors on Japanese national economy from 1995 through 2005: An application of multiplier analysis (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: The purpose of this study is to continue the previous studies which focused on Japanese Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sectors. More specifically, this study aims to analyze the role of ICT sectors on Japanese national economy using simple household income multiplier, one of the analysis instruments in Input-Output (IO) analysis. The analysis period of this study is from 1995-2005. The results show that the sectors did not have an important role on the national economy of Japan on the period. Besides, the results also show that, from the point of view of the multiplier, Japanese national economy tended to stable during the period.
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    Combined analysis of 2-D electrical resistivity, seismic refraction and geotechnical investigations for Bukit Bunuh complex crater (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: Interest in studying impact crater on earth has increased tremendously due to its importance in geologic events, earth inhabitant history as well as economic value. The existences of few shock metamorphism and crater morphology evidences are discovered in Bukit Bunuh, Malaysia thus detailed studies are performed using geophysical and geotechnical methods to verify the type of the crater and characteristics accordingly. This paper presents the combined analysis of 2-D electrical resistivity, seismic refraction, geotechnical SPT N value, moisture content and RQD within the study area. Three stages of data acquisition are made starting with regional study followed by detailed study on West side and East side. Bulk resistivity and p-wave seismic velocity were digitized from 2-D resistivity and seismic sections at specific distance and depth for corresponding boreholes and samples taken. Generally, Bukit Bunuh shows the complex crater characteristics. Standard table of bulk resistivi...
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    An application of multiplier analysis in analyzing the role of information and communication technology sectors on Indonesian national economy: 1990-2005 (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: The purpose of this study is to continue the previous studies which focused on Indonesian Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sectors. More specifically, this study aims to analyze the role of ICT sectors on Indonesian national economy using simple household income multiplier, one of the analysis tools in Input-Output (IO) analysis. The analysis period of this study is from 1990-2005. The results show that the sectors did not have an important role on the national economy of Indonesia on the period. Besides, the results also show that, from the point of view of the multiplier, Indonesian national economy tended to stable during the period.
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    Exploring Modular Architecture for Nano Satellite and Opportunity for Developing Countries (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: SPACE Technology has the potential to provide information, infrastructure and inspiration that meets national needs in developing countries like Bangladesh. Many countries recognize this; in response they are investing in new national satellite programs to harness satellite services. Technology related to space is one example of a tool that can contribute to development both by addressing societal challenges and by advancing a nation's technological capability. To cope up with the advanced world in space technology Bangladesh seems to be highly potential country for satellite, Robotics, embedded systems and renewable energy research. BRAC University, Bangladesh is planning to launch a nano satellite with the collaboration of KIT, Japan. The proposed nano satellite project mission is to experiment about social, commercial and agricultural survey needs in Bangladesh. Each of the proposed applications of the project will improve the lives of millions of people of Bangladesh and it ...
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    Structural Enhancement in Shallow Gas Cloud Region (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: This research will address the issue of poor structural interpretation below complex overburden and shallow anomaly that cause wave field distortion. The main objective of this research paper is to present the result of seismic interpretation over a seismic line extracted from a shallow gas filed located in Malay Basin. The readers will be briefly explained on the seismic data properties of shallow gas cloud, followed by methodology and techniques used in interpreting the data. Interpretation techniques used in this research work include the seismic data analysis based on the seismic attributes. The outcome from this work aims at recovering the hidden structure that cannot be seen in the data after processing and imaging sequences.
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    Methodological approaches in estimating anomalous geochemical field structure (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: Mathematical statistic methods were applied to analyze the core samples from vertical expendable wells in Chertovo Koryto gold ore field. The following methods were used to analyse gold in samples: assay tests and atomic absorption method (AAS), while emission spectrum semiquantative method was applied to identify traces. The analysis of geochemical association distribution in one central profile demonstrated that bulk metasomatic aureoles are characteristic of concentric zonal structure. The distribution of geochemical associations is correlated to the hydrothermal stages of mineral formation identified in this deposit. It was proved that the processed geochemical data by factor and cluster analyses provided additional information on the anomalous geochemical field structure in gold- bearing black-shale strata. Such methods are effective tools in interpretating specific features of geochemical field structures in analogous potential ore-bearing areas.
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    Existing approaches to tight rock laboratory petrophysics: a critical review (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: A review of the existing methods for tight rock porosity, saturation, and permeability determination was performed taking into account that these methods should be applicable for Bazhenov formation evaluation. The following methods were considered: Archimedes mercury immersion; mercury displacement; caliper; helium pycnometry on crushed samples; nuclear magnetic resonance; modified retort method; modified Dean-Stark extraction; pulse decay method; and pressure decay test on crushed samples. The applicability of the pressure decay test on a crushed sample for Bazhenov formation evaluation is checked experimentally with the SMP-200 commercial permeameter. All the above listed methods were combined into five protocols for tight rock petrophysical evaluation. These protocols were analyzed and compared according to the following criteria: accuracy of the results; usage experience; time of measurements; easiness of interpretation; reliability and safety; price. The obtained results re...
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    Litho-mineralogical characteristics and facies formation conditions of oil-reservoir rocks J 1 1 and J 2 1 in Kazan oilfield (Tomsk Oblast) (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The detailed investigation results of textural rock characteristics indicated the predominate lithological facies in formation layers J 1 1 and J 1 2 (Kazan oil/gas-condensate field), their sedimentation sequence and further alteration of environmental formation conditions. The stage processes and secondary alterations in rocks significantly influencing the reservoir properties were determined.
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    Petroleum Generation Potential of Bituminous Mudstones in Tomsk Region Bazhen Suite (Western Siberia) (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The article reviews the prognosis for Bazhen suite HC generation potential in order to select primary commercially exploitable areas. A map of generation potential density for Bazhen suite passive reserves has been plotted. It is based on published papers on calculation of organic carbon concentration using the data of exploration and prospect well gamma-ray logging. The deliverables are compared with geochemical core examination results. Lithological heterogeneity of deposits underlying the Bazhen suite is systemized in order to estimate the possible decrease of the suite generation potential due to hydrocarbon migration to underlying deposits. Three types of cross-sections are distinguished - predominately sandy, alternating silt-argillous and argillous. An estimate of the proportion of Bazhen suite generation potential required for the discovered hydrocarbon deposit formation within oilgathering fields of the first (sandy) type thoroughly explored by deep-hole drilling was ca...
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    Ecological risk analysis as a key factor in environmental safety system development in the Arctic region of the Russian Federation (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: Due to specific natural and climatic conditions combined with human intervention, the Arctic is regarded as a highly sensitive region to any environmental pressures. Arctic projects require continuous environmental monitoring. This poses for the government of the Russian Federation (RF) a tremendous task concerning the formation and implementation of sustainable nature management policy within the international framework. The current article examines the basic constraints to the effective ecological safety system implementation in the Arctic region of the RF. The ecological risks and their effects which influence the sustainable development of the region were analyzed. The model of complex environmental safety system was proposed.
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    Bazhen Fm matured reservoir evaluation (West Siberia, Russia) (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The depletion of the traditional sources of hydrocarbons leads to the situation when the biggest players of the oil and gas production market turn to unconventional reserves. Commercial shale oil and gas production levels in the USA have largely determined world prospects for oil and gas industry development. Russia takes one of the leading place in the world in terms of shale oil resources. The main source rock of the West Siberia, the biggest oil and gas basin in Russia under development, the Bazhen Fm and its stratigraphic and lithologic analogs, is located in the territory of over 1,000,000 square kilometers. Provided it has similar key properties (organic carbon content, porosity, permeability) with the deposits of the Bakken Fm and Green River Fm, USA, it is still extremely poorly described with laboratory methods. We have performed the laboratory analysis of core samples from a well drilled in Bazhen Fm deposits with matured organic matter (T max 〉435 °C). It ...
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    Facies and sedimentation model of iron-ore sequence in Bakchar deposit (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: This article describes the investigation in the behavior and structure features of the iron-ore sequence in Bakchar ore deposit. Five facies characterizing the typical sedimentation environments were identified based on the analysis of typomorphic attributes of ore-bearing and barren deposits. The facies where oolitic ores are localized have been determined. A conceptual sedimentation model of the Bakchar ore mineralization has been proposed. Two facies- littoral argillo-arenaceous ferriferous sediments and mobile shallow alluvium oolitics were proposed as prospecting indicators of oolite hydrogoethite ore deposits.
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    Stratigraphy and correlation of Lower-Middle Jurassic sediments in SE West-Siberian petroleum-bearing province (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: Based on the investigation of Lower-Middle Jurassic sediments in SW Siberia, isochron reference clay and coal horizons confined to the roof of chronostratigraphic units were identified; bed series from pre-Jurassic formation bottom to U 10 coal layer were divided; structural features and distribution of regional cyclites J 10 -J 17 in the sequences and throughout the area were determined.
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    Production of pure raw quartz by enriching quartzites (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The sedimentary metasomatic quartzites of Antonovsky deposits (Western Siberia) almost completely consist of high-density α-quartz micrograins. The grain purity is conditioned by self-purification of quartz microgranules in the process of lithification. The work proposes an effective aeromechanical technology for deep purification of quartz microgranules by applying high-temperature chemical exposure to produce commercial raw quartz.
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    Problem analysis of geotechnical well drilling in complex environment (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The article examines primary causes of problems occurring during the drilling of geotechnical wells (injection, production and monitoring wells) for in-situ leaching to extract uranium in South Kazakhstan. Such a drilling problem as hole caving which is basically caused by various chemical and physical factors (hydraulic, mechanical, etc.) has been thoroughly investigated. The analysis of packing causes has revealed that this problem usually occurs because of insufficient amount of drilling mud being associated with small cross section downward flow and relatively large cross section upward flow. This is explained by the fact that when spear bores are used to drill clay rocks, cutting size is usually rather big and there is a risk for clay particles to coagulate.
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    Development prospects for Bazhenov formation bituminous claystones in the southeast of the West Siberian Plate (Tomsk Region) (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The article considers the use of time-tested bituminous shale development technologies in the southeast of the West Siberian Plate (Tomsk Region). A research target is the bituminous claystones of the Bazhenov formation. The Bazhenov formation was divided into stratigraphic units, and the sequence of forming these units within the territory under study was restored on the basis of the peculiarities of the Bazhenov formation section structure with gamma-ray logging data. The joint analysis of logs (gamma-ray logging, resistivity logging, SP logging, neutron gamma-ray logging, induction logging) and core data revealed the wide development of carbonatization processes in the lower stratigraphic units of the Bazhenov formation, whereas the upper, most bituminous units do not have the signs of carbonatization. It is a favorable factor for using the existing technologies of producing hydrocarbons from analogous sedimentary deposits. Considering the degree of lithological disconnection...
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    Strength properties of cement slurries with lightweights applied in oil and gas wells (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The article is focused on the cement stone strength properties resulted from lightweight cement slurries that meet GOST-1581-96 (state Standards) requirements. Exfoliated vermiculite, hollow aluminosilicate microspheres (HAMs), diatomite and perlite were used as lightweighting additives.
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  • 77
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    Permeability inhomogeneity accounting in terms of efficient development strategy (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The main questions concerning flow and permeability anisotropy are: presence of anisotropy (is a reservoir anisotropic or not), orientation and degree of anisotropy. Answers were obtained through the analysis of grain fabric, spatial permeability spread and tracer injection data. The magnitude of permeability was determined to be within a range from 0.5 to 1 and with the azimuth of 48 from the North. Thereafter, the incorporation of new information about field K into the simulation model matched and the comparison of isotropic (the existing model) and anisotropic (the model upgraded with novel information) were performed. This process showed that the simple introduction of obtained anisotropy properties improved the history match, which was interpreted as the proof of anisotropy being present on both the macroscopic and microscopic scale. At the end, general recommendations for the optimal production practice in the anisotropic reservoir were proposed and the potential strategy ...
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  • 78
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    Vasyugan horizon structure features within junction zone of Ust-Tym depression and Parabel megaswell (Tomsk Oblast) (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The research area includes Upper Jurassic deposits of Vasyugan horizon. To identify the territorial relationship between Vasyugan and Naunak suites, rugged topography and well profile figurecorrelation have been made; detailed core lithology analysis (Gurarinskaya, Sobolinaya and Yasnaya areas) has been carried out, conclusions on paleoenvironment have been made. It has been identified that sedimentation occurred in the range of the studied territory where continental facies played a more significant role than it was for Vasyugan suite deposits. Thus, the conjunction zone of Ust-Tym depression and Parabel megaswell are spatially the transition zone of lithologo-facial Vasyugan suite replacement into Naunak one.
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  • 79
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    Classification of hydraulic borehole mining technological processes during pay zone development (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: Relevance of the work is defined by the need of solid mineral deposits development by hydraulic borehole mining. The main advantage of the method is that the extraction of minerals could be carried out in difficult geological conditions, excluding tunneling of mine workings and quarries construction. The article presents a generalized and systematic classification of hydraulic borehole mining technological processes during pay zones development. According to the classification three groups of technological processes were defined: main, auxiliary and hydraulic borehole cutting head monitoring. The main technological processes are: rocks fracturing, suction and lifting of the slurry to the surface, delivery of the slurry to the slurry pump. Auxiliary processes include: cleaning of intake ports of slurry retrieval device, drilling of pilot hole and maintenance of mining chambers roof sustainability. To hydraulic borehole cutting head monitoring processes refer: operation modes cont...
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  • 80
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    Functional-analytical capabilities of GIS technology in the study of water use risks (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: Regional security aspects of economic activities are of great importance for legal regulation in environmental management. This has become a critical issue due to climate change, especially in regions where severe climate conditions have a great impact on almost all types of natural resource uses. A detailed analysis of climate and hydrological situation in Tomsk Oblast considering water use risks was carried out. Based on developed author's techniques an informational and analytical database was created using ArcGIS software platform, which combines statistical (quantitative) and spatial characteristics of natural hazards and socio-economic factors. This system was employed to perform areal zoning according to the degree of water use risks involved.
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  • 81
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    Litho-facies factors of Late Jurassic productive sediments in Myldzhino gas-condensate field (Tomsk Oblast) (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: Research results of the lithological composition for Upper Jurassic productive sediments in Myldzhino gas condensate field (Tomsk Oblast) have been described. System lithological studies have been based on the layer-by-layer profile description. Recently electrometrical research methods for facies analysis and litho-facial interpretation have been applied. Both lithological and field geophysics data provided problem- solving related to stripping conditions, structure and lithological trap locations.
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  • 82
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    Influence of chemical reagents and additives on the rheological properties of lightweight cement slurry with exfoliated vermiculite (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The article is focused on the analysis of such rheological properties and parameters of lightweight cement slurry with exfoliated vermiculite as thickening time, gel strength and water loss.
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  • 83
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    Submarine fan reservoir architecture and heterogeneity influence on hard-to-recover reserves. Achimov Fm (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: Due to the fact that simulation model calculation is the basic method used for estimating the efficiency of a development strategy, it is necessary to design geological and simulation models within which reservoir properties and heterogeneity are defined. In addition, the estimation of the influence of various kinds of geological uncertainties on reservoir properties will allow defining a more effective development strategy. The Achimov formation of the Vingapur oil field was considered in the current study. The northern part of the field is now quite attractive for the development of this formation. The goal of this paper was the complex investigation of petrophysical properties to make a prognosis for the field and assess the effect of geologic uncertainties on production. The first step implied studying the western part of the field where core data are available, the next stage was developing an algorithm to make a prognosis for properties and the geologic and reservoi...
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  • 84
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    Liability of the supervisor under petroleum drilling contract (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: Petroleum industry supervision is not properly regulated by current legislation. This results in the lack of common vision to the provision of such kind of services, the uncertainty of the subject under contract as well as the degree of supervisor's liability for improper duty performance. The article discusses the main issues of supervisor services contract. Considering supervising specifications, place of supervisor in the system of customer-contractor relations during work realization is marked. The authors highlight the degree of supervisor organization liability and conceptually new approach to its definition.
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  • 85
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    Time cycle calculation procedure for the special crew during the mining mobile machine complex operation (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The relevance of the research is specified by the necessity to optimize the delft mobile tunneling equipment operation. Target of the research is tunneling time cycle justification for the special crew during the mining mobile machine complex operation. Methods of the research included the consideration of operation organization schemes in the drifting face and effective use of the mobile equipment during mine exploratory working operations. Time cycle calculation procedures for major processes have been considered. This has been done for the special crew during the mobile machine complex operations for several working faces and various organization schemes.
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  • 86
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    Regional stratigraphy and its dependency on tectonic movements (case study: Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene stages in Western Siberia) (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: Multiscale and divergent tectonic movements have been identified in Western Siberia of which first - order movements caused transgressions and regressions, as well as the partial formation of sediments. As a result of tectonic movement direction turn, no transgression was observed in the cross-sections of Campanian and Danian central section and in the Priabonian top section. During second-order tectonic movements and undirectional transgression insignificant bed thicknesses and channels were formed. Such movements could have included different tectonic activities within the western and eastern parts of the region limited by the Koltogorsk-Urengoy Rift. Third-order tectonic movement of moderate amplitude promoted either extension, contraction or even depth variations of the marine basin itself.
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  • 87
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    Microdimensional pollution of the atmosphere of small settlements of the Far East of the Russian Federation (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: Paper is devoted to research of atmospheric suspensions of the small cities and settlements of the Far East with the population to 100 thousand persons: Magadan, Belogorsk, Partizansk, Solovyevsk, Orotukan by means of methods of a laser granulometry and scanning electronic microscopy. Atmospheric suspensions were studied in the dropped-out snow which gathered in the different cities at the time of snowfalls from March, 2010 to January, 2013. It is shown that the studied settlements, considering dimension of fractions of atmospheric suspensions and their morphometric characteristics, it is possible to place in the following order on extent of increase of potential health hazard: Orotukan, Solovyevsk, Partizansk, Belogorsk, Magadan.
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  • 88
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    Regional Design Approach in Designing Climatic Responsive Administrative Building in the 21st Century (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: The objective of this paper is to explicate on the study of modern administrative building in Malaysia which portrays regional design approach that conforms to the local context and climate by reviewing two case studies; Perdana Putra (1999) and former Prime Minister's Office (1967). This paper is significant because the country's stature and political statement was symbolized by administrative building as a national icon. In other words, it is also viewed as a cultural object that is closely tied to a particular social context and nation historical moment. Administrative building, therefore, may exhibit various meanings. This paper uses structuralism paradigm and semiotic principles as a methodological approach. This paper is of importance for practicing architects and society in the future as it offers new knowledge and understanding in identifying the suitable climatic consideration that may reflect regionalist design approach in modern administrative building. These elements...
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  • 89
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    Soliton solutions for higher grading affine Toda from quantum algebras (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: Based on quantum Lie algebras associated to affine Lie algebras we construct special soliton-like solutions for higher grading affine Toda models.
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    Theoretical Explanations of Environmental Motivations and Expectations of Clients on Green Building Demand and Investment (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: In building industry, green demand and investment creates a positive footprint on the environment. However, these environmental opportunities have not been adequately harnessed and explored by Clients of green building apparently because of poor understanding of the motivating drivers and benefits accruing from green building demand and investment. The decision to demand for or invest in green building is influenced by certain environmental motivating drivers and expectations which have not been fully examined by researchers and not well understood by stakeholders. Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and Theory of Value Belief Norm (VBN) explanations, this study focused on the Clients, purchasers and users' motivations and intentions to go for green building. Based on the reviewed theories, we hypothesized that environmental motivations and expectations for green building demand and investment are embedded in the environmental quest for protection of eco-system and bi...
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    Peer review statement (2015)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-01-31
    Description: All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.
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  • 92
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    Oil extraction optimization case: horizontal permeability heterogeneity evaluation and application (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: Permeability is a parameter influenced by a direction and measurement scale that defines permeability as an anisotropic property. This parameter is very important, as it influences a fluid flow direction and velocities in the subsurface, which in turn causes problems with an uneven and unwanted water front, high early water production, losses of production and many other problems, if not addressed properly. Unfortunately, anisotropy becomes evident only when those unwanted symptoms occur. The knowledge of a magnitude and direction of anisotropy can be very important in production planning and management. Well pattern orientation, spacing, perforation program can all be optimized in the very early stages of development.
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  • 93
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    MDBT estimation ratio for transformation organic matter ratio in Bazhenov Formation of Western Siberia (Tomsk Oblast, Russia) (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The Bazhenov Formation is the main source rock in the West Siberian Basin, because of high organic-rich Bazhenov black shales, with a total organic carbon (TOC) content of 10-15wt.% generally. Based on Rock-Eval pyrolysis data, the initial generative potential for a significant part of West Siberian Bazhenov Formation organic matter (OM) is from 10 to 60% expended. Most West Siberian oils are in the Bazhenov Formation due to very high oil potential (initial hydrogen index = 710mgHC/gTOC) and widespread regional distribution). Vitrinite reflectance (Ro) does not correctly indicate the transformation ratio (TR) of the OM in Bazhenov black shales. However, GC-MS analysis of extracts indicated a good correlation between some molecular maturity and Rock-Eval maturity parameters. Molecular maturity parameters based on naphthalenes and phenanthrenes are not applicable for Bazhenov Formation OM. While the parameters based on 4-methyldibenzothiophene and 1- methyldibenzothiophene ratio...
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  • 94
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    Impression block with orientator (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: Tool review, namely the impression block, applied to check the shape and size of the top of fish as well as to determine the appropriate tool for fishing operation was realized. For multiple application and obtaining of the impress depth of 3 cm and more, the standard volumetric impression blocks with fix rods are used. However, the registered impress of fish is not oriented in space and the rods during fishing are in the extended position. This leads to rods deformation and sinking due to accidental impacts of impression block over the borehole irregularity and finally results in faulty detection of the top end of fishing object in hole. The impression blocks with copy rods and fixed magnetic needle allow estimating the object configuration and fix the position of magnetic needle determining the position of the top end of object in hole. However, the magnetic needle fixation is realized in staged and the rods are in extended position during fishing operations as well as it is i...
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    Metallogenic problems of hydrothermal gold deposit formation: facts and arguments (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The research problem of substituting existing hypotheses by a well-defined re modeling of the geological processes, which, in its turn, initiate and govern the formation of hydrothermal gold-ore deposits, is becoming more and more relevant. The four existing hypotheses - granitogene, basaltogene (magmagene), metamorphogene, and polygene have been considered and discussed. The interpretation of different hypotheses and analysis of substantiating facts showed the inconsistency of above-mentioned hypothesis-approaches. Up-dated petrological, petrochemical, geochemical data proved the following: generation of metal-bearing fluids in sources of moderate alkali-basalt melts during the late basalt formation stages show recycling Late Riphean to Late Paleozoic convergent antidromic granite diorite dolerite magmatic complexes.
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    Understanding thin beds within the Bazhenov formation using seismic modeling (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The Bazhenov formation (Bazhen) is a nonconventional reservoir with a very high resource potential. According to different estimates, the resources of the Bazhenov formation equal 23-160 billion bbl. Currently, only about 35 million bbl have been produced from Bazhen, which is a rather low production rate in comparison with the resource potential. The reason is the insufficient number of detailed surveys on the formation and the absence of efficient production technologies. The analog of Bazhen is the Bakken formation located in North America. This formation is being actively developed due to the presence of carbonated and sand layers in Middle Bakken. Its development strategy is horizontal well drilling and multi-stage fracturing. The thickness of the carbonated and sand layers in Bazhen are about 0.5-3 m and they cannot be identified by seismic surveys, like in Bakken, as their thickness is smaller than the seismic resolution itself. The distribution of the carbonated layer wi...
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    Peer review statement (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.
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    Integrated approach to gas accumulation identification in Field M (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The given paper describes how the integration of different methods, such as core data, well logs, production logging, seismic data and well test analysis, was used to solve the problem of determining gas accumulation boundaries in sediment complex PK1-3 of Field M. This paper is devoted to the block with wells 2, 36, 49, 85, 127, 148 of the field, since it is characterized by high uncertainty, sc. recently drilled wells 1V, 2V and 120 have produced oil, although according to the present-day geological concept they were considered to be gas saturated in the intervals investigated with production logging. Besides, well 127 that was presumably oil saturated has produced gas. By accounting mismatching production data and the geological concept, the authors have supposed that PK1-3 gas accumulation is characterized by a more complex structure than it was supposed by the predecessors and it is represented by reservoir compartmentalization and high heterogeneity. Therefore, the ...
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  • 99
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    Forest fire situation analysis over forest reserve land in Tomsk petroleum province (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: The paper delivers the analysis of space-time characteristics of forest fire ignition and spread in the North of Tomsk oblast, i.e. petroleum production area (Kargasok, Parabel and Teguldet districts). It also presents long-term and seasonal forest fire behavior including fire ignition and spread frequency (annual and seasonal), the fire season duration and their zonality. The main driving factors of forest fire ignition both human and natural ones are revealed.
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    Reliability assessment of tunneling flow charts (2015)
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-03
    Description: When driving horizontal workings of different kinds it is typical to reserve excessive redundant equipment. However, the lack of resources (facilities, people) and poor management don't ensure goal achievement [3]. The paper presents reliability assessment method of tunneling with the help of mathematical modeling. The mathematical model is developed on the basis of factual data of tunneling conditions and no-failure operation probabilities of the flow chart elements are estimated. The method of reliability assessment allows identifying organizational, technological and technical elements of the reserves to increases drive efficiency and improve feasibility characteristics.
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