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  • Articles  (5,406)
  • Hindawi  (5,406)
  • American Society of Hematology
  • Institute of Physics
  • 2010-2014  (5,406)
  • 1955-1959
  • Journal of Applied Mathematics  (2,522)
  • 9340
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2013-09-12
    Description: A classical issue in many applied fields is to obtain an approximating surface to a given set of data points. This problem arises in Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM), virtual reality, medical imaging, computer graphics, computer animation, and many others. Very often, the preferred approximating surface is polynomial, usually described in parametric form. This leads to the problem of determining suitable parametric values for the data points, the so-called surface parameterization. In real-world settings, data points are generally irregularly sampled and subjected to measurement noise, leading to a very difficult nonlinear continuous optimization problem, unsolvable with standard optimization techniques. This paper solves the parameterization problem for polynomial Bézier surfaces by applying the firefly algorithm, a powerful nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm introduced recently to address difficult optimization problems. The method has been successfully applied to some illustrative examples of open and closed surfaces, including shapes with singularities. Our results show that the method performs very well, being able to yield the best approximating surface with a high degree of accuracy.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-09-16
    Description: We prove a common fixed point theorem for two pairs of compatible and subsequentially continuous (alternately subcompatible and reciprocally continuous) mappings satisfying a general contractive condition in a metric space. Some illustrative examples are furnished to highlight the realized improvements. Our result improves the main result of Sedghi and Shobe (2007).
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2013-09-17
    Description: Location estimation for object tracking is one of the important topics in the research of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Recently, many location estimation or position schemes in WSN have been proposed. In this paper, we will propose the procedure and modeling of location estimation for object tracking in WSN. The designed modeling is a simple scheme without complex processing. We will use Matlab to conduct the simulation and numerical analyses to find the optimal modeling variables. The analyses with different variables will include object moving model, sensing radius, model weighting value α, and power-level increasing ratio k of neighboring sensor nodes. For practical consideration, we will also carry out the shadowing model for analysis.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2013-09-17
    Description: This paper investigates the stability analysis problem for a class of discrete-time networked control systems (NCSs) with random time delays and packet dropouts based on unified Markov jump model. The random time delays and packet dropouts existed in feedback communication link are modeled by two independent Markov chains; the resulting closed-loop system is described by a new Markovian jump linear system (MJLS) with Markov delays. Sufficient conditions of the stochastic stability for NCSs is obtained by constructing a novel Lyapunov functional, and the mode-dependent output feedback controller design method is presented based on linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2013-09-17
    Description: The rate-dependent hysteresis in giant magnetostrictive materials is a major impediment to the application of such material in actuators. In this paper, a relevance vector machine (RVM) model is proposed for describing the hysteresis nonlinearity under varying input current. It is possible to construct a unique dynamic model in a given rate range for a rate-dependent hysteresis system using the sinusoidal scanning signals as the training set input signal. Subsequently, a proportional integral derivative (PID) control scheme combined with a feedforward compensation is implemented on a giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA) for real-time precise trajectory tracking. Simulations and experiments both verify the effectiveness and the practicality of the proposed modeling and control methods.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2013-09-17
    Description: Unlike its saturated counterparts, the mechanical behavior of an unsaturated soil depends not only upon its stress history but also upon its hydraulic history. In this paper, a soil-water characteristic relationship which is capable of describing the effect of capillary hysteresis is introduced to characterize the influence of hydraulic history on the skeletal deformation. The capillary hysteresis is viewed as a phenomenon associated with the internal structural rearrangements in unsaturated soils, which can be characterized by using a set of internal state variables. It is shown that both capillary hysteresis and plastic deformation can be consistently addressed in a unified theoretical framework. Within this context, a constitutive model of unsaturated soils is developed by generalizing the modified Cam-Clay model. A hardening function is introduced, in which both the matric suction and the degree of saturation are explicitly included as hardening variables, so that the effect of hydraulic history on the mechanical response can be properly addressed. The proposed model is capable of capturing the main features of the unsaturated soil behavior. The new model has a hierarchical structure, and, depending upon application, it can describe the stress-strain relation and the soil-water characteristics in a coupled or uncoupled manner.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2013-09-18
    Description: A dual fractal reservoir transient flow model was created by embedding a fracture system simulated by a tree-shaped fractal network into a matrix system simulated by fractal porous media. The dimensionless bottom hole pressure model was created using the Laplace transform and Stehfest numerical inversion methods. According to the model's solution, the bilogarithmic type curves of the dual fractal reservoirs are illustrated, and the influence of different fractal factors on pressure transient responses is discussed. This semianalytical model provides a practical and reliable method for empirical applications.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2013-09-19
    Description: The Exp-function method combined with -expansion method is employed to investigate the equation with -dependent coefficients. The solitary wave solutions and periodic wave solutions to the equation are constructed analytically under certain circumstances. The results presented in this paper improve the previous results.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2013-09-20
    Description: Spatial competition plays important roles in economics, which attracts extensive research. This paper addresses spatial competitions along with horizontal product differentiations and entry deterrence. By the dynamic game theory model about one firm and a potential entrant with different cost in a linear city, this paper finds that both the higher fixed setup cost and the higher transportation cost deter entrants. To efficiently deter the entrants, the establisher is inclined to locating at the middle point of the linear city.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2013-09-20
    Description: We present several iterations for preconditioners introduced by Tarazaga and Cuellar (2009), and study the convergence of the method for solving a linear system whose coefficient matrix is positive definite matrices, and we also find that they complete very well with the SOR iteration, which is shown through numerical examples.
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2013-09-30
    Description: By using a change of variables, we get new equations, whose respective associated functionals are well defined in and satisfy the geometric hypotheses of the mountain pass theorem. Using this fact, we obtain a nontrivial solution.
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2013-09-30
    Description: The flight scheduling is a real-time optimization problem. Whenever the schedule is disrupted, it will not only cause inconvenience to passenger, but also bring about a large amount of operational losses to airlines. Especially in case an irregular flight happens, the event is unanticipated frequently. In order to obtain an optimal policy in airline operations, this paper presents a model in which the total delay minutes of passengers are considered as the optimization objective through reassigning fleets in response to the irregular flights and which takes into account available resources and the estimated cost of airlines. Owing to the uncertainty of the problem and insufficient data in the decision-making procedure, the traditional modeling tool (probability theory) is abandoned, the uncertainty theory is applied to address the issues, and an uncertain programming model is developed with the chance constraint. This paper also constructs a solution method to solve the model based on the classical Hungarian algorithm under uncertain conditions. Numerical example illustrates that the model and its algorithm are feasible to deal with the issue of irregular flight recovery.
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2013-09-30
    Description: We study symmetric successive overrelaxation (SSOR) method for absolute complementarity problems. Solving this problem is equivalent to solving the absolute value equations. Some examples are given to show the implementation and efficiency of the method.
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2013-10-01
    Description: By using surjectivity theorem of pseudomonotone and coercive operators rather than the KKM theorem and fixed point theorem used in recent literatures, we obtain some conditions under which a system of generalized variational-hemivariational inequalities concerning set-valued mappings, which includes as special cases many problems of hemivariational inequalities studied in recent literatures, is solvable. As an application, we prove an existence theorem of solutions for a system of generalized variational-hemivariational inequalities involving integrals of Clarke's generalized directional derivatives.
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2013-10-01
    Description: This paper studies the moving finite element methods for the space-time fractional differential equations. An optimal convergence rate of the moving finite element method is proved for the space-time fractional differential equations.
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2013-10-01
    Description: Mononobe-Okabe (M-O) method is still employed as the first option to estimate lateral earth pressures during earthquakes by geotechnical engineers. Considering some simple assumptions and using a closed form method, M-O solves the equations of equilibrium and suggests seismic active and passive lateral earth pressures. Therefore, the results are true in its assumption range only, and in many other practical cases, M-O method is not applicable. Noncontinues backfill slopes, cohesive soils, and rising water behind the wall are some well-known examples in which the M-O theory is irrelevant. Using the fundamental framework of M-O method, this study proposes an iterative method to overcome the limits of the M-O method. Based on trial and error process, the proposed method is able to cover many of the defects which regularly occur in civil engineering when M-O has no direct answer.
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2013-10-01
    Description: The reliability of discrete element method (DEM) numerical simulations is significantly dependent on the particle-scale parameters and boundary conditions. To verify the DEM models, two series of biaxial compression tests on ellipse-shaped steel rods are used. The comparisons on the stress-strain relationship, strength, and deformation pattern of experiments and simulations indicate that the DEM models are able to capture the key macro- and micromechanical behavior of inherently anisotropic granular materials with high fidelity. By using the validated DEM models, the boundary effects on the macrodeformation, strain localization, and nonuniformity of stress distribution inside the specimens are investigated using two rigid boundaries and one flexible boundary. The results demonstrate that the boundary condition plays a significant role on the stress-strain relationship and strength of granular materials with inherent fabric anisotropy if the stresses are calculated by the force applied on the wall. However, the responses of the particle assembly measured inside the specimens are almost the same with little influence from the boundary conditions. The peak friction angle obtained from the compression tests with flexible boundary represents the real friction angle of particle assembly. Due to the weak lateral constraints, the degree of stress nonuniformity under flexible boundary is higher than that under rigid boundary.
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2013-10-02
    Description: The existence results of global asymptotic stability of the solution are proved for functional integral equation of mixed type. The measure of noncompactness and the fixed-point theorem of Darbo are the main tools in carrying out our proof. Furthermore, some examples are given to show the efficiency and usefulness of the main findings.
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2013-10-02
    Description: We use the bifurcation method of dynamical systems to study the bifurcations of traveling wave solutions for the Kundu equation. Various explicit traveling wave solutions and their bifurcations are obtained. Via some special phase orbits, we obtain some new explicit traveling wave solutions. Our work extends some previous results.
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2013-10-03
    Description: By introducing the probability function describing latency of infected cells, we unify some models of viral infection with latent stage. For the case that the probability function is a step function, which implies that the latency period of the infected cells is constant, the corresponding model is a delay differential system. The model with delay of latency and two types of target cells is investigated, and the obtained results show that when the basic reproduction number is less than or equal to unity, the infection-free equilibrium is globally stable, that is, the in-host free virus will be cleared out finally; when the basic reproduction number is greater than unity, the infection equilibrium is globally stable, that is, the viral infection will be chronic and persist in-host. And by comparing the basic reproduction numbers of ordinary differential system and the associated delayed differential system, we think that it is necessary to elect an appropriate type of probability function for predicting the final outcome of viral infection in-host.
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2013-10-03
    Description: We introduce the modular continuous g-Riesz basis to improve one existing result for continuous g-Riesz basis in Hilbert -modules, and then we study the equivalency relations between continuous g-frames in Hilbert -modules, and, in particular, we obtain two necessary and sufficient conditions under which two continuous g-frames are similar. Finally, we generalize a stability result for alternate duals of g-frames in Hilbert spaces to alternate duals of continuous g-frames in Hilbert -modules.
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2013-10-03
    Description: We study the existence of ground state solutions of the periodic discrete coupled nonlinear Schrödinger lattice by using the Nehari manifold approach combined with periodic approximations. We show that both of the components of the ground state solutions are not zero.
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2013-10-03
    Description: By applying the properties of Schur complement and some inequality techniques, some new estimates of diagonally and doubly diagonally dominant degree of the Schur complement of Ostrowski matrix are obtained, which improve the main results of Liu and Zhang (2005) and Liu et al. (2012). As an application, we present new inclusion regions for eigenvalues of the Schur complement of Ostrowski matrix. In addition, a new upper bound for the infinity norm on the inverse of the Schur complement of Ostrowski matrix is given. Finally, we give numerical examples to illustrate the theory results.
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2013-10-04
    Description: In this paper, we consider a single-index varying-coefficient model with application to longitudinal data. In order to accommodate the within-group correlation, we apply the block empirical likelihood procedure to longitudinal single-index varying-coefficient model, and prove a nonparametric version of Wilks’ theorem which can be used to construct the block empirical likelihood confidence region with asymptotically correct coverage probability for the parametric component. In comparison with normal approximations, the proposed method does not require a consistent estimator for the asymptotic covariance matrix, making it easier to conduct inference for the model's parametric component. Simulations demonstrate how the proposed method works.
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2013-10-04
    Description: We study nonsmooth multiobjective fractional programming problem containing local Lipschitz exponential -invex functions with respect to and . We introduce a new concept of nonconvex functions, called exponential -invex functions. Base on the generalized invex functions, we establish sufficient optimality conditions for a feasible point to be an efficient solution. Furthermore, employing optimality conditions to perform Mond-Weir type duality model and prove the duality theorems including weak duality, strong duality, and strict converse duality theorem under exponential -invexity assumptions. Consequently, the optimal values of the primal problem and the Mond-Weir type duality problem have no duality gap under the framework of exponential -invexity.
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2013-10-04
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2013-09-09
    Description: A new vibration model is built by introducing the head-cover vibration transfer path based on a previous analysis of the vertical vibration model for hydropower station units and powerhouses. This research focuses on disturbance- and parameter-related transfer paths in a practical situation. In a complex situation, the application of the stochastic perturbation method is expanded using an algebra synthesis method the Hadamard product, and theoretical analyses, and numerical simulations of transfer paths in the new vibration model are carried out through the expanded perturbation method. The path transfer force, the path transmissibility, and the path disturbance ranges in the frequency domain are provided. The results indicate that the methods proposed in this study can efficiently reduce the disturbance range and can accurately analyze the transfer paths of hydraulic-source vertical vibration in hydropower stations.
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2013-09-10
    Description: When machine-type communication (MTC) devices perform the long-term evolution (LTE) attach procedure without bit rate limitations, they may produce congestion in the core network. To prevent this congestion, the LTE standard suggests using group-based policing to regulate the maximum bit rate of all traffic generated by a group of MTC devices. However, previous studies on the access point name-aggregate maximum bit rate based on group-based policing are relatively limited. This study proposes a multistage control (MSC) mechanism to process the operations of maximum bit rate allocation based on resource-use information. For performance evaluation, this study uses a Markov chain with to analyze MTC application in a 3GPP network. Traffic flow simulations in an LTE system indicate that the MSC mechanism is an effective bandwidth allocation method in an LTE system with MTC devices. Experimental results show that the MSC mechanism achieves a throughput 22.5% higher than that of the LTE standard model using the group-based policing, and it achieves a lower delay time and greater long-term fairness as well.
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2013-09-12
    Description: By using the bifurcation method of dynamical systems and the method of phase portraits analysis, we consider a two-component Degasperis-Procesi equation: , , the existence of the peakon, solitary wave and smooth periodic wave is proved, and exact parametric representations of above travelling wave solutions are obtained in different parameter regions.
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2013-09-12
    Description: This paper is concerned with control for linear positive discrete-time systems. Positive systems are characterized by nonnegative restriction on systems’ variables. This restriction results in some remarkable results which are available only for linear positive systems. One of them is the celebrated diagonal positive definite matrix solutions to some existed well-known results for linear systems without nonnegative restriction. We provide an alternative proof for criterion of norm by using separating hyperplane theorem and Perron-Frobenius theorem for nonnegative matrices. We also consider control problem for linear positive discrete-time systems via state feedback. Necessary and sufficient conditions for such problem are presented under controller gain with and without nonnegative restriction, and then the desired controller gains can be obtained from the feasible solutions.
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2013-09-12
    Description: We give explicit expressions of of two matrices and , in terms of , , , and , , under the condition that , and apply the result to finding an explicit representation for the Drazin inverse of some block matrix.
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2013-09-12
    Description: A line search filter SQP method for inequality constrained optimization is presented. This method makes use of a backtracking line search procedure to generate step size and the efficiency of the filter technique to determine step acceptance. At each iteration, the subproblem is always consistent, and it only needs to solve one QP subproblem. Under some mild conditions, the global convergence property can be guaranteed. In the end, numerical experiments show that the method in this paper is effective.
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2013-09-13
    Description: In public places, the high pedestrian density is one of the direct causes leading to crowding and trample disaster, so it is very necessary to investigate the collective and evacuation characteristics for pedestrian movement. In the occupants’ evacuation process, the people-people interaction and the people-environment interaction are sufficiently considered in this paper, which have been divided into the exit attraction, the repulsion force between people, the friction between people, the repulsion force between human and barrier, and the attraction of surrounding people. Through analyzing the existing models, a new occupant evacuation cellular automata (CA) model based on the social force model is presented, which overcomes the shortage of the high density crowd simulation and combines the advantages that CA has sample rules and faster calculating speed. The simulating result shows a great applicability for evacuation under the high density crowd condition, and the segregation phenomena have also been found in the bidirectional pedestrian flow. Besides these, setting isolated belt near the exit or entrance of underpass not only remarkably decreases the density and the risk of tramper disaster but also increases the evacuation efficiency, so it provides a new idea for infrastructure design about the exits and entrances.
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2013-09-18
    Description: We propose a simple and efficient method for solving highly nonlinear systems of boundary layer flow problems with exponentially decaying profiles. The algorithm of the proposed method is based on an innovative idea of linearizing and decoupling the governing systems of equations and reducing them into a sequence of subsystems of differential equations which are solved using spectral collocation methods. The applicability of the proposed method, hereinafter referred to as the spectral local linearization method (SLLM), is tested on some well-known boundary layer flow equations. The numerical results presented in this investigation indicate that the proposed method, despite being easy to develop and numerically implement, is very robust in that it converges rapidly to yield accurate results and is more efficient in solving very large systems of nonlinear boundary value problems of the similarity variable boundary layer type. The accuracy and numerical stability of the SLLM can further be improved by using successive overrelaxation techniques.
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2013-09-19
    Description: We apply the method of preliminary group classification to ordinary differential equations of the form We show how this method can be implemented via the popular symmetry analysis package PROGRAM LIE provided that the package is supplemented with a small file. We then apply this method to an extension of the generalised Emden-Fowler equation given by = .
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2013-09-19
    Description: A class of higher-order 3-dimensional discrete systems with antiperiodic boundary conditions is investigated. Based on the existence of the positive solution of linear homogeneous system, several new Lyapunov-type inequalities are established.
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2013-09-24
    Description: We aim to find Hermite-Hadamard inequality for r-preinvex functions. Also, it is investigated for the product of an r-preinvex function and s-preinvex function.
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2013-09-24
    Description: We give some new generalizations of the well-known Hermite-Hadamard inequality for -convex functions.
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2013-09-24
    Description: Mean consensus problem is studied using a class of discrete time multiagent systems in which information exchange is subjected to some network-induced constraints. These constraints include package dropout, time delay, and package disorder. Using Markov jump system method, the necessary and sufficient condition of mean square consensus is obtained and a design procedure is presented such that multiagent systems reach mean square consensus.
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2013-09-24
    Description: We propose an implicit iterative scheme and an explicit iterative scheme for finding a common element of the set of solutions of system of equilibrium problems and a constrained convex minimization problem by the general iterative methods. In the setting of real Hilbert spaces, strong convergence theorems are proved. Our results improve and extend the corresponding results reported by Tian and Liu (2012) and many others. Furthermore, we give numerical example to demonstrate the effectiveness of our iterative scheme.
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 2013-09-25
    Description: Columnar jointed basalt is a type of joint rock mass formed by the combined cutting effect of original joints and aphanitic microcracks. After excavation unloading, such rock mass manifested distinct mechanical properties including discontinuity, anisotropy, and proneness of cracking. On the basis of former research findings, this paper establishes a D-CRDM method applicable to the analysis of columnar jointed basalt, which not only integrates discrete element and equivalent finite-element methods, but also takes into account the coupling effect of original joints and aphanitic microcracks. From the comparative study of field monitoring data and strain softening constitutive model calculated results, it can be found that this method may well be used for the simulation of mechanical properties of columnar jointed basalts and the determination of rock failure mechanism and failure modes, thus providing references for the selection of supporting measures for this type of rock mass.
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2013-09-25
    Description: Based on the hypothesis that the penetration of a single pile can be simulated by a series of spherical cavity expansions, this paper presents an analytical solution of cavity expansion near the sloping ground. Compared with the cavity expansion in the half-space, the sloping free boundary has been taken into account as well as the horizontal free boundary. The sloping and horizontal free surfaces are considered by the introduction of a virtual image technique, the harmonic function, and the Boussinesq solution. The results show that the sloping free boundary and the variation of the inclination angle have pronounced influences on the distribution of the stress and displacement induced by the spherical cavity expansion. The present solution provides a simplified and realistic theoretical method to predict the soil behaviors around the spherical cavity near the sloping ground. The approach can also be used for the determination of the inclination angle of the slope according to the maximum permissible displacement.
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2013-09-25
    Description: A new topic in the analyses of complex systems dynamics, considering that the movements of complex system entities take place on continuum but nondifferentiable curves, is proposed. In this way, some properties of complex systems (barotropic-type behaviour, self-similarity behaviour, chaoticity through turbulence and stochasticization, etc.) are controlled through nondifferentiability of motion curves. These behaviours can simulate the standard properties of the complex systems (emergence, self-organization, adaptability, etc.).
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2013-09-25
    Description: It is well known that data envelopment analysis (DEA) models are sensitive to selection of input and output variables. As the number of variables increases, the ability to discriminate between the decision making units (DMUs) decreases. Thus, to preserve the discriminatory power of a DEA model, the number of inputs and outputs should be kept at a reasonable level. There are many cases in which an interval scale output in the sample is derived from the subtraction of nonnegative linear combination of ratio scale outputs and nonnegative linear combination of ratio scale inputs. There are also cases in which an interval scale input is derived from the subtraction of nonnegative linear combination of ratio scale inputs and nonnegative linear combination of ratio scale outputs. Lee and Choi (2010) called such interval scale output and input a cross redundancy. They proved that the addition or deletion of a cross-redundant output variable does not affect the efficiency estimates yielded by the CCR or BCC models. In this paper, we present an extension of cross redundancy of interval scale outputs and inputs in DEA models. We prove that the addition or deletion of a cross-redundant output and input variable does not affect the efficiency estimates yielded by the CCR or BCC models.
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2013-09-25
    Description: Soil nailing has been one of the most popular techniques for improving the stability of slopes, in which rows of nails and a structural grillage system connecting nail heads are commonly applied. In order to examine the spatial-reinforcement effect of soil nails in slopes, a three-dimensional (3D) numerical model has been developed and used to back-analyze a field test slope under surcharge loading. Incremental elastoplastic analyses have been performed to study the internal deformation within the slope and the development of nail forces during the application of top surcharge loads. Different treatments of the grillage constraints at nail heads have been studied. It is shown that the numerical predictions compare favorably with the field test measurements. Both the numerical and the field test results suggest that soil nails are capable of increasing the overall stability of a loose fill slope for the loading conditions considered in this study. The axial force mobilization in the two rows of soil nails presents a strong dependence on the relative distance with the central section. With the surcharge loads increased near the bearing capacity of the slope, a grillage system connecting all the nail heads can affect the stabilizing mechanism to a notable extent.
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2013-09-26
    Description: In Choukri and Tunstall (2005), the authors showed that if they decreased the number of rounds in AES by injecting faults, it is possible to recover the secret key. In this paper, we propose fault injection attacks on HMAC/NMAC by applying the main idea of their attack. These attacks are applicable to HMAC/NMAC based on the MD-family hash functions and can recover the secret key with the negligible computational complexity. Particularly, these results on HMAC/NMAC-SHA-2 are the first known key recovery attacks so far.
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2013-09-26
    Description: Two different analytical and numerical methods have been applied to solve the system describing the mixed convection boundary-layer nanofluids flow along an inclined plate embedded in a porous medium, namely, homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and Chebyshev pseudospectral differentiation matrix (ChPDM), respectively. Further, ChPDM is used as a control method to check the accuracy of the results obtained by HPM. The analytical method is applied using a new way for the deformed equations, and the resulted solution was expressed in terms of a well-known entire error function. In addition, using only two terms of the homotopy series, the approximate analytical solution is compared with the numerical solution obtained by the accurate ChPDM approach. The results reveal that good agreements have been achieved between the two approaches for various values of the investigated physical parameters.
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2013-09-27
    Description: This paper presents a study on the numerical performance of three contact simulation methods, namely, the interface element, thin-layer element, and contact analysis methods, through the analysis of the contact behavior between the concrete face slab and the dam body of a high concrete-faced rockfill dam named Tianshengqiao-I in China. To investigate the accuracy and limitations of each method, the simulation results are compared in terms of the dam deformation, contact stress along the interface, stresses in the concrete face slab, and separation of the concrete face slab from the cushion layer. In particular, the predicted dam deformation and slab separation are compared with the in-situ observation data to classify these methods according to their agreement with the in-situ observations. It is revealed that the interface element and thin-layer element methods have their limitations in predicting contact stress, slab separation, and stresses in the concrete face slab if a large slip occurs. The contact analysis method seems to be the best choice whether the separation is finite or not.
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2013-09-27
    Description: We propose a parallel preconditioner for the Newton method in the computation of the leftmost eigenpairs of large and sparse symmetric positive definite matrices. A sequence of preconditioners starting from an enhanced approximate inverse RFSAI (Bergamaschi and Martínez, 2012) and enriched by a BFGS-like update formula is proposed to accelerate the preconditioned conjugate gradient solution of the linearized Newton system to solve , being the Rayleigh quotient. In a previous work (Bergamaschi and Martínez, 2013) the sequence of preconditioned Jacobians is proven to remain close to the identity matrix if the initial preconditioned Jacobian is so. Numerical results onto matrices arising from various realistic problems with size up to 1.5 million unknowns account for the efficiency and the scalability of the proposed low rank update of the RFSAI preconditioner. The overall RFSAI-BFGS preconditioned Newton algorithm has shown comparable efficiencies with a well-established eigenvalue solver on all the test problems.
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2013-09-28
    Description: This study develops the novel fourth-order iterative alternating decomposition explicit (IADE) method of Mitchell and Fairweather (IADEMF4) algorithm for the solution of the one-dimensional linear heat equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The higher-order finite difference scheme is developed by representing the spatial derivative in the heat equation with the fourth-order finite difference Crank-Nicolson approximation. This leads to the formation of pentadiagonal matrices in the systems of linear equations. The algorithm also employs the higher accuracy of the Mitchell and Fairweather variant. Despite the scheme’s higher computational complexity, experimental results show that it is not only capable of enhancing the accuracy of the original corresponding method of second-order (IADEMF2), but its solutions are also in very much agreement with the exact solutions. Besides, it is unconditionally stable and has proven to be convergent. The IADEMF4 is also found to be more accurate, more efficient, and has better rate of convergence than the benchmarked fourth-order classical iterative methods, namely, the Jacobi (JAC4), the Gauss-Seidel (GS4), and the successive over-relaxation (SOR4) methods.
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2013-09-29
    Description: A generalized Caristi type coincidence point theorem and its equivalences in the setting of topological spaces by using a kind of nonmetric type function are obtained. These results are used to establish variational principle and its equivalences in -complete spaces, bornological vector space, seven kinds of completed quasi-semimetric spaces equipped with -functions, uniform spaces with -distance, generating spaces of quasimetric family, and fuzzy metric spaces.
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2013-09-29
    Description: p-Fuzzy dynamical systems are variational systems whose dynamic is obtained by means of a Mamdani type fuzzy rule-based system. In this paper, we will show the 1-dimensional p-fuzzy dynamical systems and will present theorems that establish conditions of existence and uniqueness of stationary points. Besides the obtained analytical results, we will present examples that illustrate and confirm the obtained mathematical results.
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2013-09-30
    Description: By use of the properties of the modified Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative, some new Gronwall-Bellman-type inequalities are researched. First, we derive some new explicit bounds for the unknown functions lying in these inequalities, which are of different forms from some existing bounds in the literature. Then, we apply the results established to research the boundedness, uniqueness, and continuous dependence on the initial value for the solution to a certain fractional differential equation.
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2013-09-30
    Description: This paper addresses the adaptive synchronization of complex dynamical networks with nonlinear dynamics. Based on the Lyapunov method, it is shown that the network can synchronize to the synchronous state by introducing local adaptive strategy to the coupling strengths. Moreover, it is also proved that the convergence speed of complex dynamical networks can be increased via designing a state predictor. Finally, some numerical simulations are worked out to illustrate the analytical results.
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2013-10-02
    Description: Cooperative (co-op) advertising is attracting more and more attention. This paper analyzes co-op advertising behavior based on a dual-brand model with a single manufacturer and a single retailer, and some interesting conclusions are achieved. Firstly, the firm in the supply chain advertises both brands, and the difference of advertising expenditure is not very large in equilibrium. Secondly, the retailer's advertising and the manufacturer's participation ratios depend on both the retailer's and the manufacturer's marginal profits. Thirdly, the stimulating effect increases the advertising investment while the competition effect decreases it, but they have no effect on the manufacturer's participation ratio. Fourthly, co-op advertising is more sensitive to the manufacturer's marginal profits than those of the retailer. Lastly, total advertising investment and profit are greater under cooperative decision than under Stackelberg decision.
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2013-10-02
    Description: Rotating stall, a phenomenon that causes flow instabilities and pressure hysteresis by propagating at some fraction of the impeller rotational speed, can occur in centrifugal impellers, mixed impellers, radial diffusers, or axial diffusers. Despite considerable efforts devoted to the study of rotating stall in pumps, the mechanics of this phenomenon are not sufficiently understood. The propagation mechanism and onset of rotating stall are not only affected by inlet flow but also by outlet flow as well as the pressure gradient in the flow passage. As such, the complexity of these concepts is not covered by the classical explanation. To bridge this research gap, the current study investigated prerotation generated at the upstream of the impeller, leakage flow at the tip clearance between the casing and the impeller, and strong reserve flow at the inlet of the diffuser. Understanding these areas will clarify the origin of the positive slope of the head-flow performance curve for a mixed flow pump. Nonuniform pressure distribution and adverse pressure gradient were also introduced to evaluate the onset and development of rotating stall within the diffuser.
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2013-10-02
    Description: This paper proposes a fuzzy slack-diversifying fluctuation-smoothing rule to enhance the scheduling performance in a wafer fabrication factory. The proposed rule considers the uncertainty in the remaining cycle time and is aimed at simultaneous improvement of the average cycle time, cycle time standard deviation, the maximum lateness, and number of tardy jobs. Existing publications rarely discusse ways to optimize all of these at the same time. An important input to the proposed rule is the job remaining cycle time. To this end, this paper proposes a self-adjusted fuzzy back propagation network (SA-FBPN) approach to estimate the remaining cycle time of a job. In addition, a systematic procedure is also established, which can solve the problem of slack overlapping in a nonsubjective way and optimize the overall scheduling performance. The simulation study provides evidence that the proposed rule can improve the four performance measures simultaneously.
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2013-10-04
    Description: Recently, many mathematicians have studied different kinds of the Euler, Bernoulli, and Genocchi numbers and polynomials. In this paper, we give another definition of polynomials . We observe an interesting phenomenon of “scattering” of the zeros of the polynomials in complex plane. We find out some identities and properties related to polynomials . Finally, we also derive interesting relations between polynomials , Stirling numbers, central factorial numbers, and Euler numbers.
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2013-10-04
    Description: We use the third-order shear deformation theory and a collocation technique with polyharmonic splines to predict natural frequencies of moderately thick isotropic plates. The natural frequencies of vibration are computed for various plates and compared with some available published results. Through numerical experiments, the capability and efficiency of the present method for eigenvalue problems are demonstrated, and the numerical accuracy and convergence are thoughtfully examined.
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2013-06-07
    Description: We generalize and develop the Korovkin-type approximation theory by using an appropriate abstract space. We show that our approximation is more applicable than the classical one. At the end, we display some applications.
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 2013-06-11
    Description: This paper presents a formalized communicating process for dealing with information asymmetry between agents. A proactive process can improve the efficiency of dealing with asymmetry by allowing agents to take the initiative of communication in a goal-oriented way. In the process, by reasoning on belief and intention about the world and figuring out the information needed, the agent proactively requests information from another agent when asymmetry exists between them. Considering that agents may take advantage of information asymmetry by hiding information, the process also includes a model based on game theory to restrict the hiding behaviour. The work presented here not only introduces a definition of information asymmetry from cognitive perspective but also proposes a way to deal with it by communication in MAS. In addition, this paper presents some basic ideas on designing proactive mechanisms in cooperation between agents.
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2013-06-12
    Description: We have suggested a numerical approach, which is based on an improved Taylor matrix method, for solving Duffing differential equations. The method is based on the approximation by the truncated Taylor series about center zero. Duffing equation and conditions are transformed into the matrix equations, which corresponds to a system of nonlinear algebraic equations with the unknown coefficients, via collocation points. Combining these matrix equations and then solving the system yield the unknown coefficients of the solution function. Numerical examples are included to demonstrate the validity and the applicability of the technique. The results show the efficiency and the accuracy of the present work. Also, the method can be easily applied to engineering and science problems.
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2013-06-12
    Description: We equivalently transform the sum of linear ratios programming problem into bilinear programming problem, then by using the linear characteristics of convex envelope and concave envelope of double variables product function, linear relaxation programming of the bilinear programming problem is given, which can determine the lower bound of the optimal value of original problem. Therefore, a branch and bound algorithm for solving sum of linear ratios programming problem is put forward, and the convergence of the algorithm is proved. Numerical experiments are reported to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2013-06-12
    Description: For model-free time-delay systems, an analytical method is proposed to characterize the stabilizing PID region based on the frequency response data. Such characterization uses linear programming which is computationally efficient. The characteristic parameters of the controller are first extracted from the frequency response data. Subsequently, by employing an extended Hermite-Biehler theorem on quasipolynomials, the stabilizing polygon region with respect to the integral and derivative gains and is described for a given proportional gain in term of the frequency response data. Simultaneously, the allowable stabilizing range of is derived such that the complete stabilizing set of the PID controller can be obtained easily. The proposed method avoids the complexity and inaccuracy of the model identification and thus provides a convenient approach for the design and tuning of the PID controller in practice. The advantage of the proposed algorithm lies in that the boundaries of the stabilizing region consist of several simple straight lines, the complete stabilizing set can be obtained efficiently, and it can be implemented automatically in computers.
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 2013-06-12
    Description: We study the input-to-state stability of singularly perturbed control systems with delays. By using the generalized Halanay inequality and Lyapunov functions, we derive the input-to-state stability of some classes of linear and nonlinear singularly perturbed control systems with delays.
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2013-06-07
    Description: The augmented Lagrangian method can be used for solving recourse problems and obtaining their normal solution in solving two-stage stochastic linear programming problems. The augmented Lagrangian objective function of a stochastic linear problem is not twice differentiable which precludes the use of a Newton method. In this paper, we apply the smoothing techniques and a fast Newton-Armijo algorithm for solving an unconstrained smooth reformulation of this problem. Computational results and comparisons are given to show the effectiveness and speed of the algorithm.
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2013-06-07
    Description: Deterministic inventory model, the economic order quantity (EOQ), reveals that carrying inventory or ordering frequency follows a relation of tradeoff. For probabilistic demand, the tradeoff surface among annual order, expected inventory and shortage are useful because they quantify what the firm must pay in terms of ordering workload and inventory investment to meet the customer service desired. Based on a triobjective inventory model, this paper employs the successive approximation to obtain efficient control policies outlining tradeoffs among conflicting objectives. The nondominated solutions obtained by successive approximation are further used to plot a 3D scatterplot for exploring the relationships between objectives. Visualization of the tradeoffs displayed by the scatterplots justifies the computation effort done in the experiment, although several iterations needed to reach a nondominated solution make the solution procedure lengthy and tedious. Information elicited from the inverse relationships may help managers make deliberate inventory decisions. For the future work, developing an efficient and effective solution procedure for tradeoff analysis in multiobjective inventory management seems imperative.
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2013-06-10
    Description: We propose a class of new double projection algorithms for solving variational inequality problem, which can be viewed as a framework of the method of Solodov and Svaiter by adopting a class of new hyperplanes. By the separation property of hyperplane, our method is proved to be globally convergent under very mild assumptions. In addition, we propose a modified version of our algorithm that finds a solution of variational inequality which is also a fixed point of a given nonexpansive mapping. If, in addition, a certain local error bound holds, we analyze the convergence rate of the iterative sequence. Numerical experiments prove that our algorithms are efficient.
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2013-06-11
    Description: The notion of falling fuzzy -ideals of a hemiring is introduced on the basis of the theory of falling shadows and fuzzy sets. Then the relations between fuzzy -ideals and falling fuzzy -ideals are described. In particular, by means of falling fuzzy -ideals, the charac-terizations of -hemiregular hemirings are investigated based on independent (prefect positive correlation) probability spaces.
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2013-06-11
    Description: Artifactual sources of resting-state (RS) FMRI can originate from head motion, physiology, and hardware. Of these sources, motion has received considerable attention and was found to induce corrupting effects by differentially biasing correlations between regions depending on their distance. Numerous corrective approaches have relied on the identification and censoring of high-motion time points and the use of the brain-wide average time series as a nuisance regressor to which the data are orthogonalized (Global Signal Regression, GSReg). We replicate the previously reported head-motion bias on correlation coefficients and then show that while motion can be the source of artifact in correlations, the distance-dependent bias is exacerbated by GSReg. Put differently, correlation estimates obtained after GSReg are more susceptible to the presence of motion and by extension to the levels of censoring. More generally, the effect of motion on correlation estimates depends on the preprocessing steps leading to the correlation estimate, with certain approaches performing markedly worse than others. For this purpose, we consider various models for RS FMRI preprocessing and show that the local white matter regressor (WMeLOCAL), a subset of ANATICOR, results in minimal sensitivity to motion and reduces by extension the dependence of correlation results on censoring.
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 2013-06-12
    Description: A mixed traffic flow feature is presented on urban arterials in China due to a large amount of buses. Based on field data, a macroscopic mixed platoon flow dispersion model (MPFDM) was proposed to simulate the platoon dispersion process along the road section between two adjacent intersections from the flow view. More close to field observation, truncated Gaussian mixture distribution was adopted as the speed density distribution for mixed platoon. Expectation maximum (EM) algorithm was used for parameters estimation. The relationship between the arriving flow distribution at downstream intersection and the departing flow distribution at upstream intersection was investigated using the proposed model. Comparison analysis using virtual flow data was performed between the Robertson model and the MPFDM. The results confirmed the validity of the proposed model.
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 2013-06-12
    Description: The conventional measurement method can no longer guarantee the accuracy requirement after the oilfield development entering high water cut stage, due to the water content and gas phase in the flow. In order to overcome the impact of measurement deviation the oilfield production management, the flow field of three-phase separator is studied numerically in this paper using Fluent 6.3.26. Taking into consideration the production situation of PetroChina Huabei Oilfield and the characteristics of three-phase separator, the effect of internal flow status as well as other factors such as varying flow rate, gas fraction, and water content on the separation efficiency is analyzed. The results show that the separation efficiencies under all operation conditions are larger than 95%, which satisfy the accuracy requirement and also provide the theoretical foundation for the application of three-phase separators at oilfields.
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 2013-06-12
    Description: An exact analysis of heat and mass transfer past an oscillating vertical plate with Newtonian heating is presented. Equations are modelled and solved for velocity, temperature, and concentration using Laplace transforms. The obtained solutions satisfy governing equations and conditions. Expressions of skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are obtained and presented in tabular forms. The results show that increasing the Newtonian heating parameter leads to increase velocity and temperature distributions whereas skin friction decreases and rate of heat transfer increases.
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2013-06-07
    Description: The aim of this research was to determine the variables that characterize slate exploitability and to model spatial distribution. A generalized linear spatial model (GLSMs) was fitted in order to explore relationship between exploitability and different explanatory variables that characterize slate quality. Modelling the influence of these variables and analysing the spatial distribution of the model residuals yielded a GLSM that allows slate exploitability to be predicted more effectively than when using generalized linear models (GLM), which do not take spatial dependence into account. Studying the residuals and comparing the prediction capacities of the two models lead us to conclude that the GLSM is more appropriate when the response variable presents spatial distribution.
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2013-06-07
    Description: A differential invariant is a function defined on the jet space of functions that remains the same under a group action. It is an important concept to solve the equivalence problem. This paper presents an effective method to derive a special type of affine differential invariants. Given some functions defined on the plane and an affine group acting on the plane, there are induced actions of the group on the functions and on the derivative functions of the functions. Affine differential invariants of these functions are useful in many applications. However, there has been little systematic study of this problem at present. No clear and simple results are available for application users to use directly. We propose a direct and simple method to construct affine differential invariants in this situation. Some useful explicit formulas of affine differential invariants of 2D functions are presented.
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2013-06-07
    Description: In recent years, bone graft substitutes have been increasingly used in the medical field, for example, in order to promote new bone formation. Microcomputed tomography (μ-CT) is an image-guided technique used in medicine as well as in materials science, enabling the characterization of biomaterials with high spatial resolution. X-ray-based methods provide density information; however, the question how far conclusions on chemical structures can be inferred from any kind of CT information has not been intensively investigated yet. In the present study, a bone sample consisting of autogenous bone derived cells (ABCs) and bovine bone mineral (BBM) was investigated by μ-CT and Raman spectroscopic imaging, that is, by two nondestructive imaging methods. Thereby, the image data were compared by means of regression analysis and digital image processing methods. It could be found that 51.8% of the variance of gray level intensities, as a result of μ-CT, can be described by different Raman spectra of particular interest for bone composition studies by means of a multiple linear regression. With the better description of μ-CT images by the linear model, a better distinction of different bone components is possible. Therefore, the method shown can be applied to improve CT-image-based bone modeling in the future.
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2013-04-10
    Description: In the present paper, a discontinuous boundary-value problem with retarded argument at the two points of discontinuities is investigated. We obtained asymptotic formulas for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. This is the first work containing two discontinuities points in the theory of differential equations with retarded argument. In that special case the transmission coefficients and retarded argument in the results obtained in this work coincide with corresponding results in the classical Sturm-Liouville operator.
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 2013-04-10
    Description: Some comparison theorems for the spectral radius of double splittings of different matrices under suitable conditions are presented, which are superior to the corresponding results in the recent paper by Miao and Zheng (2009). Some comparison theorems between the spectral radius of single and double splittings of matrices are established and are applied to the Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel double SOR method.
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2013-04-10
    Description: The sliding mode control and optimization are investigated for a class of nonlinear neutral systems with the unmatched nonlinear term. In the framework of Lyapunov stability theory, the existence conditions for the designed sliding surface and the stability bound are derived via twice transformations. The further results are to develop an efficient sliding mode control law with tuned parameters to attract the state trajectories onto the sliding surface in finite time and remain there for all the subsequent time. Finally, some comparisons are made to show the advantages of our proposed method.
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2013-04-10
    Description: Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a dynamic wireless communication network. Because of the dynamic and infrastructureless characteristics, MANET is vulnerable in reliability. This paper presents a novel reliability analysis for MANET. The node mobility effect and the node reliability based on a real MANET platform are modeled and analyzed. An effective Monte Carlo method for reliability analysis is proposed. A detailed evaluation is performed in terms of the experiment results.
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2013-03-22
    Description: A class of fuzzy neural networks (FNNs) with time-varying delays and impulses is investigated. With removing some restrictions on the amplification functions, a new differential inequality is established, which improves previouse criteria. Applying this differential inequality, a series of new and useful criteria are obtained to ensure the existence of global robust attracting and invariant sets for FNNs with time-varying delays and impulses. Our main results allow much broader application for fuzzy and impulsive neural networks with or without delays. An example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of our results.
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 2013-04-10
    Description: Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are gaining popularity in recent years due to their flexibility, the proliferation of smart computing devices, and developments in wireless communications. Due to the mobile nature of the network, creating reliable clusters that can sustain for long period of time is a challenging problem. In this paper, we use probabilistic analysis to guide our clustering algorithm towards more reliable clusters. We also use scatter search to perform clustering while considering various performance metrics. Experiment results show that our clustering approach produces more reliable clusters than prior approaches.
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 2013-04-08
    Description: Exact and approximate analytical solutions of linear and nonlinear singular two-point boundary value problems (BVPs) are obtained for the first time by the Legendre operational matrix of differentiation. Different from other numerical techniques, shifted Legendre polynomials and their properties are employed for deriving a general procedure for forming this matrix. The accuracy of the technique is demonstrated through several linear and nonlinear test examples.
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2013-04-09
    Description: A simplicial branch and bound duality-bounds algorithm is presented to globally solving the linear multiplicative programming (LMP). We firstly convert the problem (LMP) into an equivalent programming one by introducing auxiliary variables. During the branch and bound search, the required lower bounds are computed by solving ordinary linear programming problems derived by using a Lagrangian duality theory. The proposed algorithm proves that it is convergent to a global minimum through the solutions to a series of linear programming problems. Some examples are given to illustrate the feasibility of the present algorithm.
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2013-04-09
    Description: Owing to the exponential nature of the memory and run-time complexity, many methods can only synthesize 3-bit reversible circuits and cannot synthesize 4-bit reversible circuits well. We mainly absorb the ideas of our 3-bit synthesis algorithms based on hash table and present the efficient algorithms which can construct almost all optimal 4-bit reversible logic circuits with many types of gates and at mini-length cost based on constructing the shortest coding and the specific topological compression; thus, the lossless compression ratio of the space of -bit circuits reaches near . This paper presents the first work to create all 3120218828 optimal 4-bit reversible circuits with up to 8 gates for the CNT (Controlled-NOT gate, NOT gate, and Toffoli gate) library, and it can quickly achieve 16 steps through specific cascading created circuits.
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2013-04-09
    Description: The permutation behavior of Dickson polynomials of the first kind has been extensively studied, while such behavior for Dickson polynomials of the second kind is less known. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a polynomial of the second kind to be a permutation over some finite fields have been established by Cohen, Matthew, and Henderson. We introduce a new way to define these polynomials and determine the number of their fixed points.
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2013-04-09
    Description: The requirements for interpolation of scattered data are high accuracy and high efficiency. In this paper, a piecewise bivariate Hermite interpolant satisfying these requirements is proposed. We firstly construct a triangulation mesh using the given scattered point set. Based on this mesh, the computational point () is divided into two types: interior point and exterior point. The value of Hermite interpolation polynomial on a triangle will be used as the approximate value if point () is an interior point, while the value of a Hermite interpolation function with the form of weighted combination will be used if it is an exterior point. Hermite interpolation needs the first-order derivatives of the interpolated function which is not directly given in scatted data, so this paper also gives the approximate derivative at every scatted point using local radial basis function interpolation. And numerical tests indicate that the proposed piecewise bivariate Hermite interpolations are economic and have good approximation capacity.
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2013-03-22
    Description: A systematic research on the structure-preserving controller is investigated in this paper, including its applications to the second-order, first-order, time-periodic, or degenerated astrodynamics, respectively. The general form of the controller is deduced for the typical Hamiltonian system in full feedback and position-only feedback modes, which is successful in changing the hyperbolic equilibrium to an elliptic one. With the poles assigned at any different positions on imaginary axis, the controlled Hamiltonian system is Lyapunov stable. The Floquet multiplier is employed to measure the stability of time-dependent Hamiltonian system, because the equilibrium of periodic system may be unstable even though the equilibrium is always elliptic. One type of periodic orbits is achieved by the resonant conditions of control gains, and another type is making judicious choice in the foundational motions with different frequencies. The control gains are selected from the viewpoint of both the local and global optimizations on fuel cost. This controller is applied to some astrodynamics to achieve some interesting conclusions, including stable lissajous orbits in solar sail’s three-body problem and degenerated two-body problem, quasiperiodic formation flying on a -perturbed mean circular orbit, and controlled frozen orbits for a spacecraft with a high area-to-mass ratio.
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 2013-03-22
    Description: We study the asymptotic behavior of the parabolic Monge-Ampère equation in , in , where is a compact complete Riemannian manifold, λ is a positive real parameter, and is a smooth function. We show a meaningful asymptotic result which is more general than those in Huisken, 1997.
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2013-03-31
    Description: We make the first attempt to discuss stability and boundedness of solutions to stochastic Volterra integrodifferential equations with infinite delay (IDSVIDEs). By the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach, we get kinds of sufficient criteria for stability and boundedness of solutions to IDSVIDEs. The main innovation here is that stochastic systems with infinite delay can retain stability and boundedness of corresponding deterministic systems under some conditions.
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2013-03-31
    Description: The universal form of univariate Quasi-Bézier basis functions with multiple shape parameters and a series of corresponding Quasi-Bézier curves were constructed step-by-step in this paper, using the method of undetermined coefficients. The series of Quasi-Bézier curves had geometric and affine invariability, convex hull property, symmetry, interpolation at the endpoints and tangent edges at the endpoints, and shape adjustability while maintaining the control points. Various existing Quasi-Bézier curves became special cases in the series. The obvious geometric significance of shape parameters made the adjustment of the geometrical shape easier for the designer. The numerical examples indicated that the algorithm was valid and can easily be applied.
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2013-04-01
    Description: This paper investigates the synchronization and antisynchronization problems of a hyperchaotic complex Chen system with unknown parameters based on the properties of a passive system. The essential conditions are derived under which the synchronization or antisynchronization error dynamical system could be equivalent to a passive system and be globally asymptotically stabilized at a zero equilibrium point via smooth state feedback. Corresponding parameter estimation update laws are obtained to estimate the unknown parameters as well. Numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2013-04-01
    Description: This paper addresses the consensus of second-order multiagent systems with general topology and time delay based on the nearest neighbor rule. By using the Laplace transform technique, it is proved that the second-order multi-agent system in the presence of time-delay can reach consensus if the network topology contains a globally reachable node and time delay is bounded. The bound of time-delay only depends on eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix of the system. The main contribution of this paper is that the accurate state of the consensus center and the upper bound of the communication delay to make the agents reach consensus are given. Some numerical simulations are given to illustrate the theoretical results.
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2013-04-01
    Description: This paper is devoted to multiple solutions of generalized asymptotical linear Hamiltonian systems satisfying Bolza boundary conditions. We classify the linear Hamiltonian systems by the index theory and obtain the existence and multiplicity of solutions for the Hamiltonian systems, based on an application of the classical symmetric mountain pass lemma.
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 2013-04-01
    Description: This paper studies sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions to the problem of sequential derivatives of nonlinear -difference equations with three-point -integral boundary conditions. Our results are concerned with several quantum numbers of derivatives and integrals. By using Banach's contraction mapping, Krasnoselskii's fixed-point theorem, and Leray-Schauder degree theory, some new existence results are obtained. Two examples illustrate our results.
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2013-04-04
    Description: A Hamilton-Poisson realization and some stability problems for a dynamical system arisen from Chua system are presented. The stability and dynamics of a linearized smooth version of the Chua system are analyzed using the Hamilton-Poisson formalism. This geometrical approach allows to deduce the nonlinear stabilization near different equilibria.
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2013-04-04
    Description: We use a discrete dynamical model with three evolution rules in order to analyze the structure of a partially ordered set of signed integer partitions whose main properties are actually not known. This model is related to the study of some extremal combinatorial sum problems.
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2013-04-04
    Description: It is well known that the Steiner minimal tree problem is one of the classical nonlinear combinatorial optimization problems. A visualization experiment approach succeeds in generating Steiner points automatically and showing the system shortest path, named Steiner minimum tree, physically and intuitively. However, it is difficult to form stabilized system shortest path when the number of given points is increased and irregularly distributed. Two algorithms, geometry algorithm and geometry-experiment algorithm (GEA), are constructed to solve system shortest path using the property of Delaunay diagram and basic philosophy of Geo-Steiner algorithm and matching up with the visualization experiment approach (VEA) when the given points increase. The approximate optimizing results are received by GEA and VEA for two examples. The validity of GEA was proved by solving practical problems in engineering, experiment, and comparative analysis. And the global shortest path can be obtained by GEA successfully with several actual calculations.
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2013-04-04
    Description: A novel characteristic expanded mixed finite element method is proposed and analyzed for reaction-convection-diffusion problems. The diffusion term is discretized by the novel expanded mixed method, whose gradient belongs to the square integrable space instead of the classical space and the hyperbolic part is handled by the characteristic method. For a priori error estimates, some important lemmas based on the novel expanded mixed projection are introduced. The fully discrete error estimates based on backward Euler scheme are obtained. Moreover, the optimal a priori error estimates in - and -norms for the scalar unknown and a priori error estimates in -norm for its gradient and its flux (the coefficients times the negative gradient) are derived. Finally, a numerical example is provided to verify our theoretical results.
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2013-09-06
    Description: By piecewise Euler method, we construct a discrete logistic equation with impulses. The constructed model is more easily implemented at computer and is a better analogue of the continuous-time dynamic system. The dynamic behaviors of the constructed model are investigated. Sufficient conditions which guarantee the permanence and the global attractivity of positive solutions of the model are obtained. Numerical simulations show the feasibility of the main results.
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