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  • Artikel  (399)
  • Hindawi  (399)
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  • Hindawi  (399)
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  • 1
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    Massive Conformal Gravity (2014)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-15
    Beschreibung: We construct a massive theory of gravity that is invariant under conformal transformations. The massive action of the theory depends on the metric tensor and a scalar field, which are considered the only field variables. We find the vacuum field equations of the theory and analyze its weak-field approximation and Newtonian limit.
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    Thema: Physik
    Publiziert von Hindawi
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  • 2
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    Dirac Equation under Scalar and Vector Generalized Isotonic Oscillators and Cornell Tensor Interaction (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-01
    Beschreibung: Spin and pseudospin symmetries of Dirac equation are solved under scalar and vector generalized isotonic oscillators and Cornell potential as a tensor interaction for arbitrary quantum number via the analytical ansatz approach. The spectrum of the system is numerically reported for typical values of the potential parameters.
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    Thema: Physik
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  • 3
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    Angular Dependence of Meson Production for Different Photon Beam Energies (2014)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-22
    Beschreibung: The dependence of -meson photoproduction on the polar angle is investigated in the framework of a multisource thermal model. We present a detailed comparison between our results and experimental data of the neutral decay mode in the reaction . The results are in good agreement with the experimental data. It is found that the movement factor increases linearly with the photon beam energies.
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    Thema: Physik
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  • 4
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    Quantum-Spacetime Scenarios and Soft Spectral Lags of the Remarkable GRB130427A (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-21
    Beschreibung: We process the Fermi LAT data on GRB130427A using the Fermi Science Tools, and we summarize some of the key facts that render this observation truly remarkable. We then perform a search of spectral lags, of the type that has been of interest for its relevance in quantum-spacetime research. We do find some evidence of systematic soft spectral lags: when confining the analysis to photons of energies greater than 5 GeV there is an early hard development of minibursts within the burst. The effect is well characterized by a linear dependence, within such a miniburst, of the detection time on energy. We also observe that some support for these features is noticeable also in earlier Fermi-LAT GRBs. Some aspects of the comparison of these features for GRBs at different redshifts could be described within a quantum-spacetime picture, but taking into account results previously obtained by other studies we favour the interpretation as intrinsic properties of GRBs. Even if our spectral lags do turn out to have astrophysical origin their understanding will be important for quantum-spacetime research, since any attempt to reveal minute quantum-spacetime-induced spectral lags evidently requires a good understanding of intrinsic mechanisms at the sources that can produce spectral lags.
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    Thema: Physik
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    Milli-Interacting Dark Matter Interpretation of the Direct-Search Experiments (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-21
    Beschreibung: We reinterpret the results of the direct searches for dark matter in terms of milli-interacting dark particles. The model reproduces the positive results from DAMA/LIBRA and CoGeNT and is consistent with the absence of signal in the XENON100, CDMS-II/Ge, and LUX detectors. Dark atoms, interacting with standard atoms through a kinetic mixing between photons and dark photons and a mass mixing of mesons with dark scalars, diffuse elastically in terrestrial matter where they deposit all their energy. Reaching underground detectors through gravity at thermal energies, they form bound states with nuclei of the active medium by radiative capture, which causes the emission of photons that produce the observed signals. The parameter space of the model is explored and regions reproducing the results at the 2 level are obtained for each experiment.
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    Thema: Physik
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  • 6
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    Search for the Anomalous Interactions of Up-Type Heavy Quarks in Collision at the LHC (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-21
    Beschreibung: We investigate the anomalous interactions of heavy up-type quark in a collision at the LHC. We have obtained 95% confidence level (CL) limit of () anomalous coupling by taking into account three forward detector acceptances: , , and .
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    Thema: Physik
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  • 7
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    Neutrino Oscillations (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-21
    Beschreibung: In the last decades, a very important breakthrough has been brought about in the elementary particle physics by the discovery of the phenomenon of the neutrino oscillations, which has shown neutrino properties beyond the Standard Model. But a full understanding of the various aspects of the neutrino oscillations is far to be achieved. In this paper the theoretical background of the neutrino oscillation phenomenon is described, referring in particular to the paradigmatic models. Then the various techniques and detectors which studied neutrinos from different sources are discussed, starting from the pioneering ones up to the detectors still in operation and to those in preparation. The physics results are finally presented adopting the same research path which has been crossed by this long saga. The problems not yet fixed in this field are discussed, together with the perspectives of their solutions in the near future.
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    Thema: Physik
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  • 8
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    Necessity of Dark Energy from Thermodynamic Arguments (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-21
    Beschreibung: Considering the cosmic fluid as a quasi-static thermodynamic system, the status of the generalized second law of thermodynamics is investigated and the valid range of the equation of state parameter is derived for a few important cosmological models. Our study shows that the satisfaction of the laws of thermodynamics in these cosmological models requires the existence of some kind of energy in our universe with . In other words, the existence of a dark energy component, or equivalently modified gravity theory, is unavoidable if the cosmological model is to approach thermal equilibrium in late times.
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    Thema: Physik
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  • 9
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    The NOMAD Experiment at CERN (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-21
    Beschreibung: The purpose of this paper is to review the experimental apparatus and some physics results from the NOMAD (neutrino oscillation magnetic detector) experiment which took data in the CERN wide-band neutrino beam from 1995 to 1998. It collected and reconstructed more than one million charged current (CC) events with an accuracy which was previously obtained only with bubble chambers. The main aim of the experiment was to search for the oscillation into , in a region of mass compatible with the prescriptions of the hot dark matter hypothesis, which predicted a mass in the range of 1–10 eV/c2. This was done by searching for CC interactions, observing the production of the lepton through its various decay modes by using kinematical criteria. In parallel, NOMAD also strongly contributed to the study of more conventional processes: quasielastic events, strangeness production and charm dimuon production, single photon production, and coherent neutral pion production. Exotic searches were also investigated. The paper reviews the neutrino beam, the detector setup, the detector performances, the neutrino oscillation results, the strangeness production, the dimuon charm production, and summarizes other pieces of research.
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    Thema: Physik
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    Cyclotrons as Drivers for Precision Neutrino Measurements (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-23
    Beschreibung: As we enter the age of precision measurement in neutrino physics, improved flux sources are required. These must have a well defined flavor content with energies in ranges where backgrounds are low and cross-section knowledge is high. Very few sources of neutrinos can meet these requirements. However, pion/muon and isotope decay-at-rest sources qualify. The ideal drivers for decay-at-rest sources are cyclotron accelerators, which are compact and relatively inexpensive. This paper describes a scheme to produce decay-at-rest sources driven by such cyclotrons, developed within the DAEALUS program. Examples of the value of the high precision beams for pursuing Beyond Standard Model interactions are reviewed. New results on a combined DAEALUS—Hyper-K search for CP violation that achieve errors on the mixing matrix parameter of 4° to 12° are presented.
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    Thema: Physik
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