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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2014-12-15
    Description: The goal of this paper is to investigate the blow-up and the global existence of the solutions to the discrete p-Laplacian parabolic equation , , , , , depending on the parameters and . Besides, we provide several types of the comparison principles to this equation, which play a key role in the proof of the main theorems. In addition, we finally give some numerical examples which exploit the main results.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: A two-stage discrete T-S fuzzy model controller, which is formed by a motion controller and a dynamic controller connected in series, is presented to solve UUV (unmanned underwater vehicle) movement control problem for recovering. The motion controller is designed based on the uncertain T-S model and the concept of discrete fuzzy vector. The position error between UUV and moving platform as the input of the motion controller is converted into the speed commands of UUV at the next time. The dynamic controller design is based on the theory of fuzzy region model and a relaxed condition for Lyapunov stabilization function is derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities, which generate force and torque required to complete the recovery task. The feasibility and the efficiency of the proposed control scheme are illustrated through the simulations that UUV follows moving platform.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: Unsupervised synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image segmentation is a fundamental preliminary processing step required for sea area detection in military applications. The purpose of this step is to classify large image areas into different segments to assist with identification of the sea area and the ship target within the image. The recently proposed triplet Markov field (TMF) model has been successfully used for segmentation of nonstationary SAR images. This letter presents a hierarchical TMF model in the discrete wavelet domain of unsupervised SAR image segmentation for sea area detection, which we have named the wavelet hierarchical TMF (WHTMF) model. The WHTMF model can precisely capture the global and local image characteristics in the two-pass computation of posterior distribution. The multiscale likelihood and the multiscale energy function are constructed to capture the intrascale and intrascale dependencies in a random field (). To model the SAR data related to radar backscattering sources, the Gaussian distribution is utilized. The effectiveness of the proposed model for SAR image segmentation is evaluated using synthesized and real SAR data.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2014-12-18
    Description: To tackle the QoS-based service selection problem, a hybrid artificial bee colony algorithm called -ABC is proposed, which incorporates the ant colony optimization mechanism into the artificial bee colony optimization process. In this algorithm, a skyline query process is used to filter the candidates related to each service class, which can greatly shrink the search space in case of not losing good candidates, and a flexible self-adaptive varying construct graph is designed to model the search space based on a clustering process. Then, based on this construct graph, different foraging strategies are designed for different groups of bees in the swarm. Finally, this approach is evaluated experimentally using different standard real datasets and synthetically generated datasets and compared with some recently proposed related service selection algorithms. It reveals very encouraging results in terms of the quality of solutions.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2014-12-05
    Description: We study the exponential stabilizability for a class of switched nonlinear systems with mixed time-varying delays. By using a new technique developed for positive systems, we design the average dwell time switching under which the switched nonlinear system is exponentially stable for any bounded delays. Finally, numerical examples are worked out to illustrate the main theoretical result.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: A decision support framework with four components is proposed for high-speed railway timetable rescheduling in case of speed restriction. The first module provides the speed restriction information. The capacity evaluation module is used to evaluate whether the capacity can fulfill the demand before rescheduling timetable based on deduction factor method. The bilayer rescheduling module is the key of the decision support framework. In the bilayer rescheduling module, the upper-layer objective is to make an optimal rerouting plan with selected rerouting actions. Given a specific rerouting plan, the lower-layer focuses on minimizing the total delay as well as the number of seriously impacted trains. The result assessment module is designed to invoke the rescheduling model iteratively with different settings. There are three prominent features of the framework, such as realized interaction with dispatchers, emphasized passengers’ satisfaction, and reduced computation complexity with a bilayer modeling approach. The proposed rescheduling model is simulated on the busiest part of Beijing to Shanghai high-speed railway in China. The case study shows the significance of rerouting strategy and utilization of the railway network capacity in case of speed restriction.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: This paper is concerned with the finite-time stability of Caputo fractional neural networks with distributed delay. The factors of such systems including Caputo’s fractional derivative and distributed delay are taken into account synchronously. For the Caputo fractional neural network model, a finite-time stability criterion is established by using the theory of fractional calculus and generalized Gronwall-Bellman inequality approach. Both the proposed criterion and an illustrative example show that the stability performance of Caputo fractional distributed delay neural networks is dependent on the time delay and the order of Caputo’s fractional derivative over a finite time.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: The supreme goal of railway express freight transportation is to meet the various demands of shippers. This paper considers the optimization problem of the operation plan for express freight trains based on shipper demands, including transport volume, service frequency, and transit time. An integer programming model that takes maximum shipper demands as optimized objective is proposed to realize the assignment of trains to candidate paths. In this model, the number of marshalling cars for express freight train is set as a decision variable rather than a constant to better satisfy the demand characteristics. A heuristic solution algorithm based on genetic algorithm is then designed. Finally, a numerical case is applied to verify the feasibility of the model and the algorithm.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: The viability problem is an important field of study in control theory; the corresponding research has profound significance in both theory and practice. In this paper, we consider the viability for both an affine nonlinear hybrid system and a hybrid differential inclusion on a region with subdifferentiable boundary. Based on the nonsmooth analysis theory, we obtain a method to verify the viability condition at a point, when the boundary function of the region is subdifferentiable and its subdifferential is convex hull of many finite points.
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2014-01-24
    Description: The exponential stability issue for a class of stochastic neural networks (SNNs) with Markovian jump parameters, mixed time delays, and -inverse Hölder activation functions is investigated. The jumping parameters are modeled as a continuous-time finite-state Markov chain. Firstly, based on Brouwer degree properties, the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium point for SNNs without noise perturbations are proved. Secondly, by applying the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach, stochastic analysis theory, and linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique, new delay-dependent sufficient criteria are achieved in terms of LMIs to ensure the SNNs with noise perturbations to be globally exponentially stable in the mean square. Finally, two simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the validity of the theoretical results.
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2014-01-15
    Description: We study the effects of empty sites in the prisoner’s dilemma game based on social diversity by introducing some empty sites into a square lattice. The results reveal that the empty sites dramatically enhance the cooperation level for a wide range of temptation to defection values if two types of players coexist. By calculating the chances of different type-combinations of the players located on the square lattice, we find that there is an intermediate region where five social ranks are induced to satisfy the certain rank distributions and the cooperation level is significantly enhanced. Moreover, simulation results also show that the moderate gaps among the social ranks can favor cooperation for a larger occupation density.
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2014-03-13
    Description: This paper presents a robust adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control method for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems. The fractional order calculus is employed in the parameter updating stage. The underlying stability analysis as well as parameter update law design is carried out by Lyapunov based technique. In the simulation, two examples including a comparison with the traditional integer order counterpart are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. The main contribution of this paper consists in the control performance is better for the fractional order updating law than that of traditional integer order.
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2014-03-14
    Description: Based on Sprott N system, a new three-dimensional autonomous system is reported. It is demonstrated to be chaotic in the sense of having positive largest Lyapunov exponent and fractional dimension. To further understand the complex dynamics of the system, some basic properties such as Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation diagram, Poincaré mapping, and period-doubling route to chaos are analyzed with careful numerical simulations. The obtained results also show that the period-doubling sequence of bifurcations leads to a Feigenbaum-like strange attractor.
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2014-03-14
    Description: The joint choice of shopping destination and travel-to-shop mode in downtown area is described by making use of the cross-nested logit (CNL) model structure that allows for potential interalternative correlation along the both choice dimensions. Meanwhile, the traditional multinomial logit (MNL) model and nested logit (NL) model are also formulated, respectively. This study uses the data collected in the downtown areas of Maryland-Washington, D.C. region, for shopping trips, considering household, individual, land use, and travel related characteristics. The results of the model reveal the significant influencing factors on joint choice travel behavior between shopping destination and travel mode. A comparison of the different models shows that the proposed CNL model structure offers significant improvements in capturing unobserved correlations between alternatives over MNL model and NL model. Moreover, a Monte Carlo simulation for a group of scenarios assuming that there is an increase in parking fees in downtown area is undertaken to examine the impact of a change in car travel cost on the joint choice of shopping destination and travel mode switching. The results are expected to give a better understanding on the shopping travel behavior.
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2014-03-14
    Description: Variable message signs (VMSs), as one of the important ITS devices, provide real-time traffic information of road network to drivers in order to improve route choice and relieve the traffic congestion. In this study, the effectiveness of VMS on driving behavior was tested based on a driving simulation experiment. A road network with three levels of VMS location to route-diverging intersection and three types of VMS information format was designed in a high fidelity driving simulator platform. Fifty-two subjects who were classified by driver age, gender, and vocation successfully completed this experiment. The experimental results showed that driver characteristics, VMS location, and information format profoundly influence driving behaviors. Based on the research findings, it is suggested that VMS would be positioned between 150 m and 200 m upstream of the diverging point to balance the VMS effects on traffic safety and operation and the graphic information VMS format is better than the format with text massage only.
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2014-03-14
    Description: In order to overcome the subjectivity of existing pedestrian route choice models, an alternative choice model is presented based on the utility equation. It is composed of several indirectly objective characteristic variables, including the height, length, and width of interlayer facilities; speed of automated facilities; and carry-on luggage. Considering the scene that pedestrians choose between the stairs or escalators, an extended binary logit model is developed. Calibration and validation of the model are accomplished by using the data collected in four typical passenger transfer stations in Beijing, China. The results show that the proposed model has an average accuracy of 86.56% in bidirection for predicting pedestrians’ behavior. An interesting phenomenon can be found that the length of facility has poorer impact than height on pedestrians’ route choice behavior. Some quantitative and irradiative conclusions have been illustrated on the relationship between the selection probability and the variables, which is expected to be valuable for extracting the implicit theoretical mechanism of passenger choice behavior.
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2014-05-07
    Description: Based on a time-varying copula approach and the minimum spanning tree (MST) method, we propose a time-varying correlation network-based approach to investigate dynamics of foreign exchange (FX) networks. In piratical terms, we choose the daily FX rates of 42 major currencies in the international FX market during the period of 2005–2012 as the empirical data. The empirical results show that (i) the distributions of cross-correlation coefficients (distances) in the international FX market (network) are fat-tailed and negatively skewed; (ii) financial crises during the analyzed period have a great effect on the FX network’s topology structure and lead to the US dollar becoming more centered in the MST; (iii) the topological measures of the FX network show a large fluctuation and display long-range correlations; (iv) the FX network has a long-term memory effect and presents a scale-free behavior in the most of time; and (v) a great majority of links between currencies in the international FX market survive from one time to the next, and multistep survive rates of FX networks drop sharply as the time increases.
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2014-03-20
    Description: Ultratightly coupled (UTC) architecture is believed to be the best architecture for Global Positioning System (GPS) and Inertial Navigation System (INS) integration system due to the advanced data fusion strategy and effective mutual assistance between the subsystems. However the performance of UTC GPS/INS system will be degraded by severe jamming interference, especially when low-grade inertial measurement unit (IMU) is used. To solve this problem an innovative architecture of UTC GPS/INS system is proposed. Since GPS receiver’s antijamming ability is closely related to tracking loop bandwidth, adaptive tracking loop bandwidth based on the fuzzy logics is proposed to enhance antijamming ability for GPS receiver. The bandwidth will be adapted through a fuzzy logic controller according to the calculated carrier to noise intensity ratio . Moreover, fuzzy adaptive integration Kalman filter (IKF) is developed to improve estimation accuracy of IKF when measurement noises change. A simulation platform is established to evaluate the innovative architecture and results demonstrate that the proposed scheme improves navigation performance significantly under severe jamming conditions.
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2014-05-01
    Description: We propose a systematic framework for Intelligence Video Surveillance System (IVSS) with a multicamera network. The proposed framework consists of low-cost static and PTZ cameras, target detection and tracking algorithms, and a low-cost PTZ camera feedback control algorithm based on target information. The target detection and tracking is realized by fixed cameras using a moving target detection and tracking algorithm; the PTZ camera is manoeuvred to actively track the target from the tracking results of the static camera. The experiments are carried out using practical surveillance system data, and the experimental results show that the systematic framework and algorithms presented in this paper are efficient.
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2014-03-05
    Description: In light of the recently emphasized studies on risk evaluation of crashes, accident counts under specific transportation facilities are adopted to reflect the chance of crash occurrence. The current study introduces more comprehensive measure with the supplement information of accidental harmfulness into the expression of accident risks which are also named Accident Hazard Index (AHI) in the following context. Before the statistical analysis, datasets from various sources are integrated under a GIS platform and the corresponding procedures are presented as an illustrated example for similar analysis. Then, a quasi-Poisson regression model is suggested for analyses and the results show that the model is appropriate for dealing with overdispersed count data and several key explanatory variables were found to have significant impact on the estimation of AHI. In addition, the effect of weight on different severity levels of accidents is examined and the selection of the weight is also discussed.
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2014-03-03
    Description: The Riemann-Liouville-, Caputo-, and Grünwald-Letnikov-type fractional order difference operators are discussed and used to state and solve the controllability and observability problems of linear fractional order discrete-time control systems with multiorder and multistep. It is shown that the obtained results do not depend on the type of fractional operators and steps. The comparison of systems is made under the number of steps needed, firstly to achieve a final point, and secondly to distinguish initial conditions for particular operator.
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2014-04-29
    Description: The concepts of stabilization with internal loop are analyzed for well-posed transfer functions. We obtain some sufficient and necessary conditions such that a stabilizing controller with internal loop stabilizes plant . We also analyze two special subclasses of stabilizing controllers with internal loop, called canonical and dual canonical controllers, and show that all stabilizing controllers can be parameterized by a doubly coprime factorization of the original transfer function.
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  • 23
    Publication Date: 2014-04-24
    Description: The modified projective outer synchronization between two different fractional order complex dynamical networks with different node dynamics and different topological structures is investigated in this paper. Based on the stability theorem of fractional order systems, the adaptive controllers and sufficient criteria for achieving the synchronization are given by applying the nonlinear control. The proposed method is also applicable to modified projective outer synchronization between two fractional order complex networks with identical topological structures. In addition, there are fewer restrictions on the coupling configuration matrix and inner-coupling matrix. The corresponding numerical results coincide with theoretical analysis, which also show that feedback strength and fractional order can effectively affect the synchronization performance.
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2014-03-20
    Description: This paper studies a discrete-time N-policy Geo/G/1 queueing system with feedback and repairable server. With a probabilistic analysis method and renewal process theory, the steady-state system size distribution is derived. Further, the steady-state system size distribution derived in this work is extremely suitable for numerical calculations. Numerical example illustrates the important application of steady-state system size distribution in system capacity design for a network access proxy system.
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2014-04-29
    Description: A new difference system is induced from a differential competition system by different discrete methods. We give theoretical analysis for local bifurcation of the fixed points and derive the conditions under which the local bifurcations such as flip occur at the fixed points. Furthermore, one- and two-dimensional diffusion systems are given when diffusion terms are added. We provide the Turing instability conditions by linearization method and inner product technique for the diffusion system with periodic boundary conditions. A series of numerical simulations are performed that not only verify the theoretical analysis, but also display some interesting dynamics.
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2014-04-28
    Description: We investigate the local stability and the global asymptotic stability of the difference equation , with nonnegative parameters and initial conditions such that , for all . We obtain the local stability of the equilibrium for all values of parameters and give some global asymptotic stability results for some values of the parameters. We also obtain global dynamics in the special case, where , in which case we show that such equation exhibits a global period doubling bifurcation.
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2014-04-28
    Description: The stability of the SIR epidemic model with information variable and limited medical resources was studied. When the basic reproduction ratio , there exists the disease-free equilibrium and when the basic reproduction ratio , we obtain the sufficient conditions of the existence of the endemic equilibrium. The local asymptotical stability of equilibrium is verified by analyzing the eigenvalues and using the Routh-Hurwitz criterion. We also discuss the global asymptotical stability of the endemic equilibrium by autonomous convergence theorem. A numerical analysis is given to show the effectiveness of the main results.
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2014-03-03
    Description: This paper defines bus timetables setting problem during each time period divided in terms of passenger flow intensity; it is supposed that passengers evenly arrive and bus runs are set evenly; the problem is to determine bus runs assignment in each time period to minimize the total waiting time of passengers on platforms if the number of the total runs is known. For such a multistage decision problem, this paper designed a dynamic programming algorithm to solve it. Global optimization procedures using dynamic programming are developed. A numerical example about bus runs assignment optimization of a single line is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methodology, showing that optimizing buses’ departure time using dynamic programming can save computational time and find the global optimal solution.
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2014-04-29
    Description: The aim of this paper is to extend the lattice method proposed by Ritchken and Trevor (1999) for pricing American options with one-dimensional stochastic volatility models to the two-dimensional cases with strangle payoff. This proposed method is compared with the least square Monte-Carlo method via numerical examples.
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2014-04-29
    Description: Generalized method of moments (GMM) has been widely applied for estimation of nonlinear models in economics and finance. Although generalized method of moments has good asymptotic properties under fairly moderate regularity conditions, its finite sample performance is not very well. In order to improve the finite sample performance of generalized method of moments estimators, this paper studies higher-order mean squared error of two-step efficient generalized method of moments estimators for nonlinear models. Specially, we consider a general nonlinear regression model with endogeneity and derive the higher-order asymptotic mean square error for two-step efficient generalized method of moments estimator for this model using iterative techniques and higher-order asymptotic theories. Our theoretical results allow the number of moments to grow with sample size, and are suitable for general moment restriction models, which contains conditional moment restriction models as special cases. The higher-order mean square error can be used to compare different estimators and to construct the selection criteria for improving estimator’s finite sample performance.
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2014-03-20
    Description: According to a dynamical multiteam Cournot game in exploitation of a renewable resource, a new dynamic Cournot duopoly game model with team players in exploitation of a renewable resource is built up in this paper. Based on the theory of bifurcations of dynamical systems, the stability of the system is studied and the local stable region of Nash equilibrium point is obtained. The effect of the output adjustment speed parameters and the weight parameter of the system on the dynamic characteristics of the system are researched. The complexity of the system is described via the bifurcation diagrams, the Lyapunov exponents, the phase portrait, the time history diagram, and the fractal dimension. Furthermore, the chaos control of the system is realized by the parameter adjustment method. At last, an evolutionary game as a special dynamic system is constructed and analyzed which is more useful and helpful in application. The derived results have very important theoretical and practical values for the renewable resource market and companies.
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2014-01-30
    Description: Traffic incident response plan, specifying response agencies and their responsibilities, can guide responders to take actions effectively and timely after traffic incidents. With a reasonable and feasible traffic incident response plan, related agencies will save many losses, such as humans and wealth. In this paper, how to generate traffic incident response plan automatically and specially was solved. Firstly, a well-known and approved method, Case-Based Reasoning (CBR), was introduced. Based on CBR, a detailed case representation and -cycle of CBR were developed. To enhance the efficiency of case retrieval, which was an important procedure, Bayesian Theory was introduced. To measure the performance of the proposed method, 23 traffic incidents caused by traffic crashes were selected and three indicators, Precision , Recall , and Indicator , were used. Results showed that 20 of 23 cases could be retrieved effectively and accurately. The method is practicable and accurate to generate traffic incident response plans. The method will promote the intelligent generation and management of traffic incident response plans and also make Traffic Incident Management more scientific and effective.
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2014-02-24
    Description: We consider a nonautonomous SEIR endemic model with saturation incidence concerning pulse vaccination. By applying Floquet theory and the comparison theorem of impulsive differential equations, a threshold parameter which determines the extinction or persistence of the disease is presented. Finally, numerical simulations are given to illustrate the main theoretical results and it shows that pulse vaccination plays a key role in the disease control.
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  • 34
    Publication Date: 2014-02-14
    Description: The problem of solutions to a class of quasilinear coupling parabolic system was studied. By constructing weak upper-solutions and weak lower-solutions, we obtain the global existence and blow-up of solutions under appropriate conditions.
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2014-02-25
    Description: This paper is concerned with a new predator-prey model with stage structure on prey, in which the immature prey and the mature prey are preyed on by predator. We think that the model is more realistic and interesting than the one in which only the immature prey or the mature prey is consumed by predator. Our work shows that the stochastic model and its corresponding deterministic system have a unique global positive solution and the positive solution is global asymptotic stability for each model. If the positive equilibrium point of the deterministic system is globally stable, then the stochastic model will preserve the nice property provided that the noise is sufficiently small. Results are analyzed with the help of graphical illustrations.
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2014-02-25
    Description: This paper attempts to obtain the replenishment policy of a manufacturer under EPQ inventory model with backorder. It is assumed here that the manufacturer delays paying for the received goods from the supplier and the items start deteriorating as soon as they are being produced. Based on these assumptions, the manufacturer’s inventory model is formulated, and cuckoo search algorithm is applied then to find the replenishment time, order quantity, and selling price with the objective of maximizing the manufacturer’s total net profit. Besides, the traditional inventory system is shown as a special case of the proposed model in this paper, and numerical examples are given to demonstrate better performance of trade credit. These examples are also used to compare the results of cuckoo search algorithm with genetic algorithm and investigate the effects of the model parameters on its variables and net profit.
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  • 37
    Publication Date: 2014-02-28
    Description: A pedestrian counting method based on Haar-like detection and template-matching algorithm is presented. The aim of the method is to count pedestrians that are in a metro station automatically using video surveillance camera. The most challenging problem is to count pedestrians accurately in the case of not changing the position of the surveillance camera, because the view that surveillance camera uses in a metro station is always short-shot and nondirect downward view. In this view, traditional methods find it difficult to count pedestrians accurately. Hence, we propose this novel method. In addition, in order to improve counting accuracy more, we present a method to set the parameter value with a threshold-curve instead of a fixed threshold. The results of experiments show the high accuracy of our method.
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  • 38
    Publication Date: 2014-03-24
    Description: This paper is concerned with the equilibrium balking strategies of customers in a Geo/Geo/1 queue with single working vacation. Instead of completely stopping service, the server works with a small probability during the working vacation period. As soon as no customers exist in the system, the server takes a single vacation. The customers decide for themselves whether to enter the system or balk based on a natural reward-cost structure, the information available about the status of the server, and the queue length on hand upon arrival. We obtain the equilibrium balking strategies in two cases: fully observable and fully unobservable cases, which depend on whether the customers know both the queue length and the state of the server or none of them. Finally, we present several numerical experiments that demonstrate the effect of some parameters on the equilibrium behavior.
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  • 39
    Publication Date: 2014-03-24
    Description: How to estimate the stochastic aerodynamic parametric uncertainty on aeroelastic stability is studied in this current work. The aerodynamic uncertainty is more complicated than the structural one, and it takes more significant effect on the flutter boundary. First, the nominal unsteady aerodynamic influence coefficients were calculated with the doublet lattice method. Based on this nominal model, the stochastic uncertainty model for unsteady aerodynamic pressure coefficients was constructed with physical meaning. Afterwards, the methodology for flutter uncertainty quantification due to aerodynamic perturbation was developed, based on the nonintrusive polynomial chaos expansion theory. In order to enhance the computational efficiency, the integration algorithm, namely, Smolyak sparse grids, was employed to calculate the coefficients of the stochastic polynomial basis. Finally, the flutter uncertainty analysis methodology was applied to an aircraft's wing model. The influence of uncertainty with uniform distribution for aerodynamic pressure coefficients on flutter boundary was quantified. The numerical results indicate that, the influence of unsteady aerodynamic pressure due to the motion of coupling modes takes significant effect on flutter boundary. It is validated that the flutter uncertainty analysis based on Smolyak sparse grids integration is efficient and accurate for quantifying input uncertainty with high dimensions.
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  • 40
    Publication Date: 2014-03-26
    Description: A delay SEIRS model with pulse vaccination incorporating a general media coverage function and saturation recovery is investigated. Using the discrete dynamical system determined by the stroboscopic map, we obtain the existence of the disease-free periodic solution and its exact expression. Further, using the comparison theorem, we establish the sufficient conditions of global attractivity of the disease-free periodic solution. Moreover, we show that the disease is uniformly persistent if vaccination rate is less than . Finally, we discuss the effect of media coverage on controlling disease.
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  • 41
    Publication Date: 2014-03-28
    Description: Retailers selling seasonal products often face the challenge in matching their inventory levels with uncertain market demand which is sensitive to weather conditions, such as the average seasonal temperature. Therefore, how to make the joint ordering and pricing decisions may help retailers to increase their profits. In this paper, we address the joint determination of pricing and ordering decisions in a newsvendor setting, where a retailer (newsvendor) sells the seasonal products and faces demand risk due to weather uncertainty. We show that the maximum expected profit function is continuous and concave, so the optimal solution to the retail price and order quantity exists and it is the one and only solution. In addition, we numerically investigate the impacts of related parameters on the retailer’s expected profit and the optimal pricing and ordering decisions and illustrate some useful management insights into the economic behavior of firms.
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  • 42
    Publication Date: 2014-03-31
    Description: The local reaction-diffusion Lengyel-Epstein system with delay is investigated. By choosing as bifurcating parameter, we show that Hopf bifurcations occur when time delay crosses a critical value. Moreover, we derive the equation describing the flow on the center manifold; then we give the formula for determining the direction of the Hopf bifurcation and the stability of bifurcating periodic solutions. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to support the analytical results and the chaotic behaviors are observed.
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  • 43
    Publication Date: 2014-04-01
    Description: Traffic conflict between turning vehicles and pedestrians is the leading cause of pedestrian fatalities at signalized intersections. In order to provide a solution for evaluating intersection safety for vulnerable road users, this paper first determines the most important factors in analyzing pedestrian-vehicle conflict and puts forward a pedestrian safety conflict index (SCI) model to establish a quantitative standard for safety evaluation of two- or multiphase intersections. A safety level system is then designed based on SCI to help categorize and describe the safety condition of intersections applicable to the model. Finally, the SCI model is applied to the evaluation of two intersections in the city of Changchun, the result of which complies with expectation, indicating the model’s potential in providing an improved approach for pedestrian-vehicle conflict evaluation study.
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  • 44
    Publication Date: 2014-04-01
    Description: One of the important research works is corporate partnering and reliance on various forms of external collaboration. Although many researchers have focused on the knowledge-based work to help firms collaborate and share their knowledge, few have comprehensively considered the structure of network and cooperative strategies. Our paper differentiates three situations of innovation, and simulates the actions of cooperation between firms with different life cycles in industry cluster with the scale-free network structure. The simulation results show that (a) when the industry cluster develops, firms’ absorbability also is growing, but the behaviors of cooperation do not always increase as firms’ absorbability grows. Sometimes they exhibit inverted U-shape, U-shape, or liner trend. (b) Firms will cooperate to share their information or knowledge automatically if the payoff of the innovation is bigger. (c) The incentive policy does encourage the cooperation between the firms, but the incentive policy about compensation with each cooperation action is more effective than with the periodic fixed incentive.
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  • 45
    Publication Date: 2014-04-01
    Description: It is generally accepted that the choice of severity distribution in loss distribution approach has a significant effect on the operational risk capital estimation. However, the usually used parametric approaches with predefined distribution assumption might be not able to fit the severity distribution accurately. The objective of this paper is to propose a nonparametric operational risk modeling approach based on Cornish-Fisher expansion. In this approach, the samples of severity are generated by Cornish-Fisher expansion and then used in the Monte Carlo simulation to sketch the annual operational loss distribution. In the experiment, the proposed approach is employed to calculate the operational risk capital charge for the overall Chinese banking. The experiment dataset is the most comprehensive operational risk dataset in China as far as we know. The results show that the proposed approach is able to use the information of high order moments and might be more effective and stable than the usually used parametric approach.
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  • 46
    Publication Date: 2014-04-02
    Description: In this paper, the synchronization of fractional-order chaotic systems is studied and a new fractional-order controller for hyperchaos synchronization is presented based on the Lyapunov stability theory. The proposed synchronized method can be applied to an arbitrary four-dimensional fractional hyperchaotic system. And we give the optimal value of control parameters to achieve synchronization of fractional hyperchaotic system. This approach is universal, simple, and theoretically rigorous. Numerical simulations of several fractional-order hyperchaotic systems demonstrate the universality and the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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  • 47
    Publication Date: 2014-04-03
    Description: The stability of a kind of cooperative model incorporating harvesting is revisited in this paper. By using an iterative method, the global attractivity of the interior equilibrium point of the system is investigated. We show that the condition which ensures the existence of a unique positive equilibrium is enough to ensure the global attractivity of the positive equilibrium. Our results significantly improve the corresponding results of Wei and Li (2013).
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  • 48
    Publication Date: 2014-04-04
    Description: We study that the Euler numbers and Euler polynomials are analytically continued to and . We investigate the new concept of dynamics of the zeros of analytica continued polynomials. Finally, we observe an interesting phenomenon of “scattering” of the zeros of .
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  • 49
    Publication Date: 2014-04-04
    Description: We investigate the delay-independently asymptotic stability of fractional-order linear singular delay differential systems. Based on the algebraic approach, the sufficient conditions are presented to ensure the asymptotic stability for any delay parameter. By applying the stability criteria, one can avoid solving the roots of transcendental equations. An example is also provided to illustrate the effectiveness and applicability of the theoretical results.
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  • 50
    Publication Date: 2014-04-04
    Description: We first present some sufficient conditions for the existence of a pullback exponential attractor for continuous process on the product space of the weighted spaces of infinite sequences. Then we prove the existence and continuity of a pullback exponential attractor for second order lattice system with time-dependent coupled coefficients in the weighted space of infinite sequences. Moreover, we obtain the upper bound of fractal dimension and attracting rate for the attractor.
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  • 51
    Publication Date: 2014-04-04
    Description: We present a conceptual architecture for adaptive human-computer interface of a PT operation platform based on context-awareness. This architecture will form the basis of design for such an interface. This paper describes components, key technologies, and working principles of the architecture. The critical contents covered context information modeling, processing, relationship establishing between contexts and interface design knowledge by use of adaptive knowledge reasoning, and visualization implementing of adaptive interface with the aid of interface tools technology.
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  • 52
    Publication Date: 2014-09-16
    Description: We study the qualitative behavior of the following exponential system of rational difference equations:  = /,   = /,   =  where , , , , , and and initial conditions , , , and are positive real numbers. More precisely, we investigate the boundedness character and persistence, existence and uniqueness of positive equilibrium, local and global behavior, and rate of convergence of positive solutions that converges to unique positive equilibrium point of the system. Some numerical examples are given to verify our theoretical results.
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  • 53
    Publication Date: 2014-09-02
    Description: Most of the current epidemic models assume that the infectious period follows an exponential distribution. However, due to individual heterogeneity and epidemic diversity, these models fail to describe the distribution of infectious periods precisely. We establish a SIS epidemic model with multistaged progression of infectious periods on complex networks, which can be used to characterize arbitrary distributions of infectious periods of the individuals. By using mathematical analysis, the basic reproduction number for the model is derived. We verify that the depends on the average distributions of infection periods for different types of infective individuals, which extend the general theory obtained from the single infectious period epidemic models. It is proved that if , then the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable; otherwise the unique endemic equilibrium exists such that it is globally asymptotically attractive. Finally numerical simulations hold for the validity of our theoretical results is given.
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  • 54
    Publication Date: 2014-09-02
    Description: This paper investigates the optimal road toll design problem from the perspective of sustainable development at network-wide level. In this paper the sustainable development level of transportation system is quantitatively described with the total vehicular emission, total fuel consumption, and total travel time in the network. In order to simultaneously consider the impacts of all these three indicators on sustainability of transportation system, we integrate them into a sustainable development index (SD-index) by a linear combination, and then we establish the corresponding bilevel optimization model. The upper level problem is the network toll design problem to maximize the SD-index from the viewpoint of traffic managers, and the lower level problem is to depict travelers’ route choice behavior under a certain road toll scheme. Finally, a combined genetic algorithm and gradient projection algorithm (GA-GP) is used to solve the bilevel model, in which the GP algorithm solves the traffic assignment problem with road toll scheme in the lower level. In order to verify the proposed model and algorithm, we take the Nguyen-Dupuis network for the numerical example, and the computing results show that the model and algorithm are effective and efficient.
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  • 55
    Publication Date: 2014-09-02
    Description: With the ubiquity of smart phones, wearable equipment, and wireless sensors, the topologies of networks composed by them change along with time. The immunization strategies in which network immune nodes are chosen by analyzing the static aggregation network topologies have been challenged. The studies about interaction propagations between two pathogens show that the interaction can change propagation threshold and the final epidemic size of each other, which provides a new thinking of immunization method. The eradication or inhibition of the virus can be achieved through the spread of its opposite party. Here, we put forward an immunization strategy whose implementation does not depend on the analysis of network topology. The immunization agents are randomly placed on a few of individuals of network and spread out from these individuals on network in a propagation method. The immunization agents prevent virus infecting their habitat nodes with certain immune success rate. The analysis and simulation of evolution equation of the model show that immune propagation has a significant impact on the spread threshold and steady-state density of virus on a finite size of BA networks. Simulations on some real-world networks also suggest that the immunization strategy is feasible and effective.
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  • 56
    Publication Date: 2014-09-02
    Description: This paper investigates the freight empty cars allocation problem in railway networks with dynamic demands, in which the storage cost, unit transportation cost, and demand in each stage are taken into consideration. Under the constraints of capacity and demand, a stage-based optimization model for allocating freight empty cars in railway networks is formulated. The objective of this model is to minimize the total cost incurred by transferring and storing empty cars in different stages. Moreover, a genetic algorithm is designed to obtain the optimal empty cars distribution strategies in railway networks. Finally, numerical experiments are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm.
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  • 57
    Publication Date: 2014-10-14
    Description: We firstly establish some new theorems on time scales, and then, by employing them together with a new comparison result and the monotone iterative technique, we show the existence of extremal solutions to the following nabla integrodifferential periodic boundary value problem: ,  , where is a time scale.
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  • 58
    Publication Date: 2014-10-14
    Description: Two -analogues of the Elzaki transform, called Mangontarum -transforms, are introduced in this paper. Properties such as the transforms of -trigonometric functions, transform of -derivatives, duality relation, convolution identity, -derivative of transforms, and transform of the Heaviside function are derived and presented. Moreover, we will consider applications of the Mangontarum -transform of the first kind to some ordinary -differential equations with initial values.
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  • 59
    Publication Date: 2014-10-23
    Description: Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a useful tool in learning a basic representation of image data. However, its performance and applicability in real scenarios are limited because of the lack of image information. In this paper, we propose a constrained matrix decomposition algorithm for image representation which contains parameters associated with the characteristics of image data sets. Particularly, we impose label information as additional hard constraints to the α-divergence-NMF unsupervised learning algorithm. The resulted algorithm is derived by using Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions as well as the projected gradient and its monotonic local convergence is proved by using auxiliary functions. In addition, we provide a method to select the parameters to our semisupervised matrix decomposition algorithm in the experiment. Compared with the state-of-the-art approaches, our method with the parameters has the best classification accuracy on three image data sets.
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  • 60
    Publication Date: 2014-10-30
    Description: A standard Crank-Nicolson finite-difference scheme and a Dufort-Frankel finite-difference scheme are introduced to solve two-dimensional damped and undamped sine-Gordon equations. The stability and convergence of the numerical methods are considered. To avoid solving the nonlinear system, the predictor-corrector techniques are applied in the numerical methods. Numerical examples are given to show that the numerical results are consistent with the theoretical results.
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  • 61
    Publication Date: 2014-10-23
    Description: This paper studies the sampled-data based consensus of multiagent system with general linear time-invariant dynamics. It focuses on looking for a maximum allowable sampling period bound such that as long as the sampling period is less than this bound, there always exist linear consensus protocols solving the consensus problem. Both fixed and randomly switching topologies are considered. For systems under fixed topology, a necessary and sufficient sampling period bound is obtained for single-input multiagent systems, and a sufficient allowable bound is proposed for multi-input systems by solving the optimal control problem of certain system with uncertainty. For systems under randomly switching topologies, tree-type and complete broadcasting network with Bernoulli packet losses are discussed, and explicit allowable sampling period bounds are, respectively, given based on the unstable eigenvalues of agent’s system matrix and packet loss probability. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the results.
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  • 62
    Publication Date: 2014-08-26
    Description: This is a survey paper concerning stability results for the linear functional equation in single variable. We discuss issues that have not been considered or have been treated only briefly in other surveys concerning stability of the equation. In this way, we complement those surveys.
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  • 63
    Publication Date: 2014-08-26
    Description: We focus on the spatiotemporal characteristics and their evolvement law of the air traffic flow in airport terminal area to provide scientific basis for optimizing flight control processes and alleviating severe air traffic conditions. Methods in this work combine mathematical derivation and simulation analysis. Based on cell transmission model the macroscopic models of arrival and departure air traffic flow in terminal area are established. Meanwhile, the interrelationship and influential factors of the three characteristic parameters as traffic flux, density, and velocity are presented. Then according to such models, the macro emergence of traffic flow evolution is emulated with the NetLogo simulation platform, and the correlativity of basic traffic flow parameters is deduced and verified by means of sensitivity analysis. The results suggest that there are remarkable relations among the three characteristic parameters of the air traffic flow in terminal area. Moreover, such relationships evolve distinctly with the flight procedures, control separations, and ATC strategies.
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  • 64
    Publication Date: 2014-08-27
    Description: Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is inspired by sociological behavior. In this paper, we interpret PSO as a finite difference scheme for solving a system of stochastic ordinary differential equations (SODE). In this framework, the position points of the swarm converge to an equilibrium point of the SODE and the local attractors, which are easily defined by the present position points, also converge to the global attractor. Inspired by this observation, we propose a class of modified PSO iteration methods (MPSO) based on local attractors of the SODE. The idea of MPSO is to choose the next update state near the present local attractor, rather than the present position point as in the original PSO, according to a given probability density function. In particular, the quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization method turns out to be a special case of MPSO by taking a special probability density function. The MPSO methods with six different probability density functions are tested on a few benchmark problems. These MPSO methods behave differently for different problems. Thus, our framework not only gives an interpretation for the ordinary PSO but also, more importantly, provides a warehouse of PSO-like methods to choose from for solving different practical problems.
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  • 65
    Publication Date: 2014-08-28
    Description: The basic formula to calculate sample variance is based on the sum of squared differences from mean. From computational perspective, mean calculation is nondesired as it can introduce computing errors. Previous researches have proposed to use weighted formula of the successive differences to calculate sample variance to avoid mean calculation. But their weighted formula is not in a unified format in the sense that it has to be represented as two formulas. This paper proposes a unified weight formula for sample variance calculation from weighted successive differences. A proof is provided to show that sample variance calculated using the proposed unified weighted formula is mathematically equivalent to the basic definition.
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  • 66
    Publication Date: 2014-08-28
    Description: The rock and soil aggregate (RSA) is a special inhomogeneous multiphase geomaterial. It is crucial for stability of engineering by study of RSA mesodamage characteristic. This paper aims at investigating the porosity evolution characteristics of RSA by X-ray computed tomography (CT) under uniaxial compressive loading. X-ray tomography images were used to extract defects of RSA specimen under different compressive loading. In this paper, we proposed an improved Ostu method to calibrate the beam hardening phenomenon which is caused by X-ray. Also, based on this Ostu method, the outline of rock blocks in RSA is extracted, and the double gray level threshold of soil and rock block is obtained to ensure the reliability of the porosity calculation. We can conclude that the main reason of RSA cracking is the elasticity mismatch between rock blocks and soil, and the porosity evolution of RSA can be divided into four typical stages. These results may be useful to reveal the mesoscopic cracking mechanism and establish mesodamage evolution equation and constitutive relation for RSA.
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  • 67
    Publication Date: 2014-08-25
    Description: Graph theory has numerous applications in modern sciences and technology. Atanassov introduced the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy sets as a generalization of fuzzy sets. Intuitionistic fuzzy set has shown advantages in handling vagueness and uncertainty compared to fuzzy set. In this paper, we apply the concept of intuitionistic fuzzy sets to multigraphs, planar graphs, and dual graphs. We introduce the notions of intuitionistic fuzzy multigraphs, intuitionistic fuzzy planar graphs, and intuitionistic fuzzy dual graphs and investigate some of their interesting properties. We also study isomorphism between intuitionistic fuzzy planar graphs.
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  • 68
    Publication Date: 2014-11-27
    Description: Regional logistics prediction is the key step in regional logistics planning and logistics resources rationalization. Since regional economy is the inherent and determinative factor of regional logistics demand, it is feasible to forecast regional logistics demand by investigating economic indicators which can accelerate the harmonious development of regional logistics industry and regional economy. In this paper, the PSO-RBFNN model, a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) combined with particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, is studied. The PSO-RBFNN model is trained by indicators data in a region to predict the regional logistics demand. And the corresponding results indicate the model’s applicability and potential advantages.
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  • 69
    Publication Date: 2014-11-27
    Description: The complex modified projective synchronization (CMPS) between fractional-order chaotic real and complex systems is investigated for the first time. The parameters of both master and slave systems are assumed to be unknown in advance; moreover, the slave system is perturbed by unknown but bounded external disturbances. The master and slave systems that achieved CMPS can be synchronized up to a complex constant matrix. On the basis of frequency distributed model of fractional integrator and Lyapunov stability theory, a robust adaptive control law is designed to realize the CMPS for two different types of fractional-order chaotic systems. Meanwhile, to deal with these unknown parameters, some fractional-order type parametric update laws are provided. An example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed synchronization scheme.
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  • 70
    Publication Date: 2014-11-27
    Description: We present a probabilistic analysis on conditions of the exact recovery of block-sparse signals whose nonzero elements appear in fixed blocks. We mainly derive a simple lower bound on the necessary number of Gaussian measurements for exact recovery of such block-sparse signals via the mixed norm minimization method. In addition, we present numerical examples to partially support the correctness of the theoretical results. The obtained results extend those known for the standard minimization and the mixed minimization methods to the mixed minimization method in the context of block-sparse signal recovery.
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  • 71
    Publication Date: 2014-10-20
    Description: Stochastic resonance (SR) and stochastic multiresonance (SMR) phenomena as a function of the underdamping and overdamping coefficients in bistable system with asymmetric dichotomous noise are investigated numerically. By the efficient numerical simulation of the asymmetric dichotomous noise and the fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm, we calculate the system responses, the averaged power spectrum, and the signal-noise-ratio (SNR) that can be a measure of the existence of SR and SMR phenomenon. And the effects of damping coefficients on the three characteristics are analyzed. Firstly, it is found that the periodic asymmetric distribution of the particle’s hopping between two potential wells in the system response is gradually weakened as underdamping coefficient is increased to overdamping coefficient. And it also displays the periodic asymmetric distribution under the circumstance of overdamping coefficient. Then the averaged power spectrum exhibits multiple sharp peaks, and the highest peak increases and decreases for underdamping coefficient which is added to overdamping coefficient. Finally, SNR versus the damping coefficient for the system parameters and the noise parameters are acquired and they show multiple peaks and valleys, which illustrates the obvious SMR phenomena in bistable system with asymmetric dichotomous noise.
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  • 72
    Publication Date: 2014-11-28
    Description: Security and privacy issues present a strong barrier for users to adapt to cloud storage systems. In this paper, a new algorithm for data splitting called EPPA is presented to strengthen the confidentiality of data by two-phase process. In EPPA, data object is organized to be several Rubik’s cubes executed for several rounds transformation at the first phase. In every round, chaotic logistic maps generate pseudorandom sequences to cover the plaintext by executing Exclusive-OR operation to form the cipher. Then logistic map is used to create rotation policies to scramble data information based on Rubik’s cube transformation. At the second phase, all cubes are unfolded and combined together as a cross-shaped cube, which will be partitioned into a few data fragments to guarantee that every fragment does not contain continuous bytes. These fragments are stored on randomly chosen servers within cloud environment. Analyses and experiments show that this approach is efficient and useable for the confidentiality of user data in cloud storage system.
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  • 73
    Publication Date: 2014-11-28
    Description: We applied catastrophe and chaos theory to analyze the traffic nonlinear characteristics of expressway condition. Catastrophe theory was generally used to explore the mathematical relationships among the traffic data collected from highway conditions, which could not be appropriate for the urban expressway conditions. Traffic flow data collected from the 3rd ring road expressway in Beijing was used to build flow-density model and speed-density Greenshields model. Then the density was discussed based on the traffic wave speed function with cusp catastrophe theory; in particular, density conditions on median lanes and shoulder lanes were deeply discussed. Meanwhile the chaotic characteristics were analyzed based on the traffic temporal sequence data collected from 29 detectors located at the 3rd ring road expressway, and C-C method was used to reconstruct the phase space and the largest Lyapunov exponents were estimated by Wolf method and the small data sets method. The results indicated that the traffic operation catastrophe density on the median lanes was a bit higher than that on the shoulder lanes; additionally chaotic characteristics obviously existed in the local corridor composed of 29 detectors in the 3rd ring road expressway traffic flow system.
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  • 74
    Publication Date: 2014-11-24
    Description: This paper proposes a novel method for decoding any high-order hidden Markov model. First, the high-order hidden Markov model is transformed into an equivalent first-order hidden Markov model by Hadar’s transformation. Next, the optimal state sequence of the equivalent first-order hidden Markov model is recognized by the existing Viterbi algorithm of the first-order hidden Markov model. Finally, the optimal state sequence of the high-order hidden Markov model is inferred from the optimal state sequence of the equivalent first-order hidden Markov model. This method provides a unified algorithm framework for decoding hidden Markov models including the first-order hidden Markov model and any high-order hidden Markov model.
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  • 75
    Publication Date: 2014-12-03
    Description: A discrete logistic steady-state equation with both positive and negative birth rate of population will be considered. By using sub- and upper-solution method, the existence of bounded positive solutions and the existence and uniqueness of positive solitons will be established. To this end, the Dirichlet eigenvalue problem with positive and negative coefficients is considered, and a general sub- and upper-solution theorem is also obtained.
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2014-09-04
    Description: When left-turning vehicles are released from the multiple left-turning lanes at the signalized intersection, there will be conflicts among them, and the conflicts will affect the traffic operation and safety. In order to solve the problem, by extracting running trajectories of left-turning vehicles and analyzing distribution characteristics of trajectories, velocity changing characteristics, and flow changing characteristics, the left-turning vehicle’s trajectory model was established. On the basis of the above research, taking an example of quadruple left-turning lanes, the idea of setting left-turning guide line at the intersection was proposed. Through instance verification, we could get the conclusion that the method of using left-turning guide line to control vehicles’ turning process can effectively reduce traffic conflicts and delay and improve traffic efficiency.
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2014-09-04
    Description: This paper presents a torque split strategy for parallel hybrid electric vehicles with an integrated starter generator (ISG-PHEV) by using fuzzy logic control. By combining the efficiency map and the optimum torque curve of the internal combustion engine (ICE) with the state of charge (SOC) of the batteries, the torque split strategy is designed, which manages the ICE within its peak efficiency region. Taking the quantified ICE torque, the quantified SOC of the batteries, and the quantified ICE speed as inputs, and regarding the output torque demanded on the ICE as an output, a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) with relevant fuzzy rules has been developed to determine the optimal torque distribution among the ICE, the ISG, and the electric motor/generator (EMG) effectively. The simulation results reveal that, compared with the conventional torque control strategy which uses rule-based controller (RBC) in different driving cycles, the proposed FLC improves the fuel economy of the ISG-PHEV, increases the efficiency of the ICE, and maintains batteries SOC within its operation range more availably.
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  • 78
    Publication Date: 2014-09-04
    Description: Two families of derivative-free methods without memory for approximating a simple zero of a nonlinear equation are presented. The proposed schemes have an accelerator parameter with the property that it can increase the convergence rate without any new functional evaluations. In this way, we construct a method with memory that increases considerably efficiency index from to . Numerical examples and comparison with the existing methods are included to confirm theoretical results and high computational efficiency.
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  • 79
    Publication Date: 2014-09-03
    Description: By employing a generalized Riccati technique and an integral averaging technique, some new oscillation criteria are established for the second order nonlinear forced differential equation with damping. These results extend, improve, and unify some known oscillation criteria in the existing literature.
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  • 80
    Publication Date: 2014-09-03
    Description: This paper presents a novel optimization algorithm, namely, hierarchical artificial bee colony optimization (HABC), for multilevel threshold image segmentation, which employs a pool of optimal foraging strategies to extend the classical artificial bee colony framework to a cooperative and hierarchical fashion. In the proposed hierarchical model, the higher-level species incorporates the enhanced information exchange mechanism based on crossover operator to enhance the global search ability between species. In the bottom level, with the divide-and-conquer approach, each subpopulation runs the original ABC method in parallel to part-dimensional optimum, which can be aggregated into a complete solution for the upper level. The experimental results for comparing HABC with several successful EA and SI algorithms on a set of benchmarks demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, we applied the HABC to the multilevel image segmentation problem. Experimental results of the new algorithm on a variety of images demonstrated the performance superiority of the proposed algorithm.
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  • 81
    Publication Date: 2014-09-03
    Description: Activity-travel behaviors of women and men are different because they have different social and household responsibilities. However, studies concerning gender differences are mainly limited in developed countries. This paper concentrates on gender role-based differences in activity-travel behavior in a typical developing country, namely, China. Using data from 3656 cases collected through surveys conducted in Shangyu, data processing, method choice, and descriptive analysis were conducted. Binary and ordered logistic regression models segmented by gender were developed to evaluate the mechanism through which individual sociodemographics, household characteristics, and activity participations affect the number of trip chain types and activities for women and men. The results show that women aged 30 to 50 perform less subsistence activities. However, the difference between the different age groups of men is not as significant. In addition, men with bicycles and electric bicycles have more subsistence and maintenance activities, whereas women do not have these attributes. Moreover, women with children under schooling age make more maintenance trip chains but less leisure trip chains and activities, whereas men are free from this influence. Furthermore, both women and men perform more subsistence activities if the duration increases, and men have less influences than women do.
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  • 82
    Publication Date: 2014-12-11
    Description: With the objective of tackling the problem of inaccurate long-term western pacific subtropical high (WPSH) forecasts, based on the concept of dynamical model reconstruction and improved self-memorization principle, a new dynamical forecasting model of WPSH area (SI) index is developed. To overcome the problem of single initial prediction value, the largest Lyapunov exponent is introduced to improve the traditional self-memorization function, making it more appropriate to describe the chaotic systems, such as WPSH; the equation reconstruction by actual data is used as its dynamical core to overcome the problem of relatively simple dynamical core. The developed dynamical forecasting model of SI index is used to predict WPSH strength in the long term. Through 10 experiments of the WPSH abnormal years, forecast results within 25 days are found to be good, with a correlation coefficient of about 0.80 and root mean square error under 8%, showing that the improved model has satisfactory long-term forecasting results. In particular the aberrance of the subtropical high can be drawn and forecast. It is acknowledged that mechanism for the occurrence and development of WPSH is complex, so the discussion in this paper is therefore exploratory.
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  • 83
    Publication Date: 2014-12-12
    Description: Bioinspired optimization algorithms have been widely used to solve various scientific and engineering problems. Inspired by biological lifecycle, this paper presents a novel optimization algorithm called lifecycle-based swarm optimization (LSO). Biological lifecycle includes four stages: birth, growth, reproduction, and death. With this process, even though individual organism died, the species will not perish. Furthermore, species will have stronger ability of adaptation to the environment and achieve perfect evolution. LSO simulates Biological lifecycle process through six optimization operators: chemotactic, assimilation, transposition, crossover, selection, and mutation. In addition, the spatial distribution of initialization population meets clumped distribution. Experiments were conducted on unconstrained benchmark optimization problems and mechanical design optimization problems. Unconstrained benchmark problems include both unimodal and multimodal cases the demonstration of the optimal performance and stability, and the mechanical design problem was tested for algorithm practicability. The results demonstrate remarkable performance of the LSO algorithm on all chosen benchmark functions when compared to several successful optimization techniques.
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  • 84
    Publication Date: 2014-10-21
    Description: The generalized Cobb-Douglas production function has been derived from a general input-output relation based on fractality assumptions. It was proved to be a useful self-affine model for geographical analysis. However, the ordinary least square calculation is always an ineffectual method for the Cobb-Douglas modeling because of the multicollinearity in the logarithmic linear regression. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to build the geographical Cobb-Douglas models. Combining the concept of allometric scaling with the linear regression technique, we obtain a simple algorithm that can be employed to estimate the parameters of the Cobb-Douglas function. As a case, the algorithm and models are applied to the public transportation of China’s cities, and the results validate the allometric algorithm. A conclusion can be drawn that the allometric analysis is an effective way of modeling geographical systems with the general Cobb-Douglas function. This study is significant for integrating the notions of allometry, fractals, and scaling into a new framework to form a quantitative methodology of spatial analysis.
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  • 85
    Publication Date: 2014-10-21
    Description: We firstly proved the existence and the uniqueness of the solution for the -periodic fractional nonautonomous long-short wave equations with translation compact force by using Galerkin method and then obtained the compact uniform attractor of the system.
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  • 86
    Publication Date: 2014-10-13
    Description: Complex dynamical processes occurring in the earth’s climate system are strongly nonlinear and exhibit wave-like oscillations within broad time-space spectrum. One way to imitate essential features of such processes is using a coupled nonlinear dynamical system, obtained by coupling two versions of the well-known Lorenz (1963) model with distinct time scales that differ by a certain time-scale factor. This dynamical system is frequently applied for studying various aspects of atmospheric and climate dynamics, as well as for estimating the effectiveness of numerical algorithms and techniques used in numerical weather prediction, data assimilation, and climate simulation. This paper examines basic dynamic, correlative, and spectral properties of this system and quantifies the influence of the coupling strength on power spectrum densities, spectrograms, and autocorrelation functions.
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  • 87
    Publication Date: 2014-05-27
    Description: We examine the generalized Hyers-Ulam stability of the following functional equation: in the fuzzy normed spaces with the fixed point method.
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  • 88
    Publication Date: 2014-05-27
    Description: Gauge repeatability and reproducibility studies are significant to quality improvement and quality control. The approaches are always applied to determine the capability of the measurement system. Much of the literature in this field mainly focuses on univariate and multivariate measurement systems. However, the state-of-the-art methods are not appropriate when the quality of a product is characterized by a profile. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for the measured values which can be characterized by a simple linear profile. In addition, the slopes and intercepts of these profiles often vary due to measurement error. Thus, the simple linear profile gauge studies can be considered as a two-response (slope and intercept) problem. X-values transformation is used to make the slope and intercept of each profile independent. ANOVA is utilized to estimate the variance component of measurement error and other sources of variation. Then, the criteria precision to tolerance ratio and percent R&R are introduced to assess the simple linear profile measurement system capability. Finally, the proposed approach is applied to the spring length and elasticity measurement which demonstrates how to implement the method.
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  • 89
    Publication Date: 2014-05-26
    Description: Free shipping with conditions has become one of the most effective marketing tools; more and more companies especially e-business companies prefer to offer free shipping to buyers whenever their orders exceed the minimum quantity specified by them. But in practice, the demands of buyers are uncertain, which are affected by weather, season, and many other factors. Firstly, we model the centralization ordering problem of retailers who face stochastic demands when suppliers offer free shipping, in which limited distributional information such as known mean, support, and some deviation measures of the random data is needed only. Then, based on the linear decision rule mainly for stochastic programming, we analyze the optimal order strategies of retailers and discuss the approximate solution. Further, we present the core allocation between all retailers via dual and cooperative game theory. The existence of core shows that each retailer is pleased to cooperate with others in the centralization problem. Finally, a numerical example is implemented to discuss how uncertain data and parameters affect the optimal solution.
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  • 90
    Publication Date: 2014-05-26
    Description: This essay focuses on the investor structure of the stock index futures market and uses agent-based computational finance method to discuss how the volume-synchronized probability of informed trading (VPIN) affects market absolute yield, information dissemination efficiency, and liquidity with different ratios of informed traders in the market. The result shows that the higher the proportion of informed traders is, the more the volatility of the market is. Furthermore, the result indicates that when the proportion of informed traders in the stock index futures market accounts for 1/3-1/2, the transparency and liquidity of the market will be better.
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2014-06-04
    Description: Recently, microblogging is widely studied by the researchers in the domain of the online social network (OSN). How to evaluate the popularities of microblogging users is an important research field, which can be applied to commercial advertising, user behavior analysis and information dissemination, and so forth. Previous studies on the evaluation methods cannot effectively solve and accurately evaluate the popularities of the microbloggers. In this paper, we proposed an electromagnetic field theory based model to analyze the popularities of microbloggers. The concept of the source in microblogging field is first put forward, which is based on the concept of source in the electromagnetic field; then, one’s microblogging flux is calculated according to his/her behaviors (send or receive feedbacks) on the microblogging platform; finally, we used three methods to calculate one’s microblogging flux density, which can represent one’s popularity on the microblogging platform. In the experimental work, we evaluated our model using real microblogging data and selected the best one from the three popularity measure methods. We also compared our model with the classic PageRank algorithm; and the results show that our model is more effective and accurate to evaluate the popularities of the microbloggers.
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  • 92
    Publication Date: 2014-05-27
    Description: This paper presents an analysis of the departure process of a discrete-time queue with randomized vacations. By using probability decomposition techniques and renewal process, the expression of expected number of departures during time interval is derived. The relation among departure process, server state process, and service renewal process is obtained. The relation displays the decomposition characteristic of the departure process. Furthermore, the approximate expansion of the expected number of departures is gained. Since the departure process also often corresponds to an arrival process for a downstream queue in queueing network, it is hoped that the results obtained in this paper may provide useful information for queueing network.
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  • 93
    Publication Date: 2014-06-06
    Description: We present an algorithm that computes the singular points of projective plane algebraic curves and determines their multiplicities and characters. The feasibility of the algorithm is analyzed. We prove that the algorithm has the polynomial time complexity on the degree of the algebraic curve. The algorithm involves the combined applications of homotopy continuation methods and a method of root computation of univariate polynomials. Numerical experiments show that our algorithm is feasible and efficient.
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  • 94
    Publication Date: 2014-07-15
    Description: The aim of this paper is to study oscillatory and asymptotic properties of the third-order nonlinear neutral equation with continuously distributed delays of the form . Applying suitable generalized Riccati transformation and integral averaging technique, we present new criteria for oscillation or certain asymptotic behavior of nonoscillatory solutions of this equation. Obtained results essentially improve and complement earlier ones.
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  • 95
    Publication Date: 2014-07-18
    Description: The local fractional Laplace variational iteration method was applied to solve the linear local fractional partial differential equations. The local fractional Laplace variational iteration method is coupled by the local fractional variational iteration method and Laplace transform. The nondifferentiable approximate solutions are obtained and their graphs are also shown.
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  • 96
    Publication Date: 2014-06-19
    Description: We consider the problem of ranking the top designs out of alternatives. Using the optimal computing budget allocation framework, we formulate this problem as that of maximizing the probability of correctly ranking the top designs subject to the constraint of a fixed limited simulation budget. We derive the convergence rate of the false ranking probability based on the large deviation theory. The asymptotically optimal allocation rule is obtained by maximizing this convergence rate function. To implement the simulation budget allocation rule, we suggest a heuristic sequential algorithm. Numerical experiments are conducted to compare the effectiveness of the proposed simulation budget allocation rule. The numerical results indicate that the proposed asymptotically optimal allocation rule performs the best comparing with other allocation rules.
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  • 97
    Publication Date: 2014-06-19
    Description: Aiming at option value of the project and fairness preference psychological utility features, this paper modified objective function between players by option game equilibrium and utility function of project managers by inequity aversion. Therefore, under the symmetric and asymmetric information conditions, a project capital allocation combination equilibrium decision model has been built. It draws a conclusion that the option value of projects has changed the utility function of shareholders and managers in capital allocation, whereas fairness preferences of the project managers have changed the way of allocation through psychological utility. These two effects have influenced the trigger point of capital allocation decision-making. One is the decrease of trigger point owing to capital allocation decision-making of a CEO affected by the option value; the other is the reaction due to the crowding-out and crowding-in effect of the project manager’s fairness preference, which restrains the severity of underinvestment. Therefore, a good incentive plan should be a balance among insurance, incentive, and fairness, not only a balance between insurance and incentive.
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2014-06-24
    Description: In order to investigate the relations between qualified foreign institutional investors (QFII) holdings and the performance of the A-share listed companies and effectively distinguish between QFIIs’ ability to identify value companies and their ability to enhance company value, this paper empirically examines the relations between QFII holdings and company performance using Chinese annual report data from 2010 to 2012. The results show that QFIIs have strong ability in identifying value companies. However, the effect of QFII holdings on company performance improvement is mainly manifested in the short term, and the long-term effect is insignificant. In the long run, QFIIs may not be considered as “value boosters,” implying that it is unlikely for QFIIs to greatly enhance company value and help the invested companies to improve the level of governance and their long-term performance.
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  • 99
    Publication Date: 2014-07-16
    Description: The paper studies how the combination of the manufacturer’s carbon emission reduction and the retailer’s emission reduction relevant promotion impacts the performances of a dyadic supply chain in low-carbon environment. We consider three typical scenarios, that is, centralized and decentralized without or with side-payment. We compare measures of supply chain performances, such as profitabilities, emission reduction efficiencies, and effectiveness, in these scenarios. To improve chain-wide performances, a new side-payment contract is designed to coordinate the supply chain and numerical experiments are also conducted. We find the following. (1) In decentralized setting, the retailer will provide emission cutting allowance to the manufacturer only if their unit product profit margin is higher enough than the manufacturer’s, and the emission reduction level of per unit product is a monotonically increasing function with respect to the cost pooling proportion provided by the retailer; (2) the new side-payment contract can coordinate the dyadic supply chain successfully due to its integrating sales promotion effort and emission reduction input, which results in system pareto optimality under decentralized individual rationality but achieves a collective rationality effect in the centralized setting; (3) when without external force’s regulation, consumers’ low-carbon awareness is to enhance consumers’ utility and decrease profits of supply chain firms.
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  • 100
    Publication Date: 2014-07-17
    Description: We focus on the joint production planning of complex supply chains facing stochastic demands and being constrained by carbon emission reduction policies. We pick two typical carbon emission reduction policies to research how emission regulation influences the profit and carbon footprint of a typical supply chain. We use the input-output model to capture the interrelated demand link between an arbitrary pair of two nodes in scenarios without or with carbon emission constraints. We design optimization algorithm to obtain joint optimal production quantities combination for maximizing overall profit under regulatory policies, respectively. Furthermore, numerical studies by featuring exponentially distributed demand compare systemwide performances in various scenarios. We build the “carbon emission elasticity of profit (CEEP)” index as a metric to evaluate the impact of regulatory policies on both chainwide emissions and profit. Our results manifest that by facilitating the mandatory emission cap in proper installation within the network one can balance well effective emission reduction and associated acceptable profit loss. The outcome that CEEP index when implementing Carbon emission tax is elastic implies that the scale of profit loss is greater than that of emission reduction, which shows that this policy is less effective than mandatory cap from industry standpoint at least.
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