ALBERT

Description:    A method of using a gravitational spectrometer to search for long-range forces between neutrons and atoms is proposed. The constraints on the strength of long range forces within the range of 10 −10 –10 −4 cm can be obtained from the experiments on measurements of the total cross section of interaction of ultracold neutrons with atoms of noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, 86 Kr) and the data on the coherent neutron scattering length of the nucleus. The first result of such type analysis is presented. Content Type Journal Article Pages 415-422 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011080121 Authors A. P. Serebrov, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gatchina, 188300 Russia O. M. Zherebtsov, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gatchina, 188300 Russia S. V. Sbitnev, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gatchina, 188300 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 8

Description:    The screening of the external magnetic field by magnetic monopoles in spin ice has been considered. The polarization of the magnetic system with moving monopoles has been shown to result in the incomplete screening of the external magnetic field. The static permeability of spin ice and the magnetic-field screening length have been calculated and numerically estimated and the physical meaning of introducing monopoles is discussed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 384-387 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011070095 Authors I. A. Ryzhkin, Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia M. I. Ryzhkin, Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 7

Description:    The spin polarized adiabatic quantum pump effect in zigzag graphene nanoribbons has been numerically analyzed. Since the ground state of such a ribbon is antiferromagnetic (the opposite spin electrons are located on the opposite edges of the ribbon), the spin currents can be generated in this system with the help of the quantum pump effect when symmetry between the opposite spin states is broken. Two methods of this breaking by means of defects at the ribbon edge and the transverse electric field have been proposed. It has been shown that the generation of not only the electron and spin currents, but also the purely spin current is possible in both cases. Content Type Journal Article Pages 372-376 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011070058 Authors E. S. Grichuk, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia E. A. Manykin, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 7

Description:    The properties of a one-dimensional atomic Bose condensate are studied under the assumption that the condensation leads to a state of velocity-selective coherent population trapping. This state is characterized by the quantum correlation (entanglement) between the intrinsic angular momentum of an atom and its translational motion underlying nontrivial features of the condensate. The effects of weak interatomic interaction are taken into account. The steady state of above-condensate atoms corresponding to the slow decay of the state with coherent population trapping is found. The dynamic problem concerning the evolution of the system of above-condensate atoms after switching off the optical field forming the state with coherent population trapping is solved. The solution is found by the diagonalization of the Hamiltonian based on introducing the Bogoliubov quasiparticles with the unusual dispersion law. Content Type Journal Article Pages 442-446 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011080108 Authors L. V. Il’ichev, Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskii pr. 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 8

Description:    It is known from the analysis of the density matrix for bipartite systems that the quantum discord (as a measure of quantum correlations) depends on the particular subsystem chosen for the projective measurements. We study asymmetry of the discord in a simple physical model of two spin-1/2 particles with the dipole-dipole interaction governed by the XY Hamiltonian in the inhomogeneous magnetic field. The dependence of the above discord asymmetry on the Larmor frequencies at both T = 0 (the ground state) and T 〉 0 has been investigated. It is demonstrated, in particular, that the asymmetry is negligible for high temperatures but it may become significant with a decrease in the temperature. Content Type Journal Article Pages 459-462 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011080054 Authors E. B. Fel’dman, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia A. I. Zenchuk, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 8

Description:    We study the problem of adsorption of polymer chains in a system containing two impenetrable attracting interfaces within the mean-field approximation. We find the exact solution of this mean-field polymer adsorption problem that is controlled by a single scaling variable describing the coupling between the impenetrable interfaces due to the polymer chains. At the saturation point we obtain the total number of adsorbed monomers, the total energy of the system and the force acting between impenetrable interfaces that is turned to be strictly attractive and monotonously decaying towards zero for increasing distance between the interfaces. Content Type Journal Article Pages 431-436 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011080078 Authors I. V. Gerasimchuk, Institute of Magnetism, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, 03142 Kiev, Ukraine V. S. Gerasimchuk, National Technical University of Ukraine “Kiev Polytechnic Institute,”, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine J. U. Sommer, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden e.V., D-01069 Dresden, Germany Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 8

Description:    The cluster model for the transition state is applied to explain the features of diffuse scattering of electrons, which is observed in the process of ordering of boron atoms and structure vacancies in the cubic (with the B 1 structure) solid solution PdB y of boron in palladium. To simulate the diffuse intensity surface in the case of the short-range substitution order, clusters in the form of tetrahedron, octahedron, cube, and fcc unit cell including 4, 6, 9, and 14 sites of nonmetallic sublattice, respectively, are used. It has been shown that the experimental shape of the diffuse scattering contours in PdB 0.163 is best described by the model in the form of a cluster combining an octahedron and a cube. Content Type Journal Article Pages 447-452 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011080091 Authors A. I. Gusev, Institute of Solid State Chemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620990 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 8

Description:    The single-particle relaxation time of the two-dimensional electron gas in SiGe/Si/SiGe quantum wells is calculated. Many-body effects beyond the random-phase approximation become important at low electron density. For charged impurity scattering (remote doped), the importance of these many-body effects as functions of the electron density and spacer width is analyzed. Induced by many-body effects, a strong reduction of the single-particle relaxation time at low electron densities is predicted. The relation with the transport scattering time is described, multiple-scattering effects are commented, and the determination of many-body effects in existing samples is discussed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 453-458 DOI 10.1134/S002136401108008X Authors A. Gold, Centre d’Elaboration de Materiaux et d’Etudes Structures (CEMES-CNRS), 31055 Toulouse, France Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 8

Description:    The role of the elastic properties of multicomponent lipid membranes during their phase separation has been studied. The phase diagram of a three-component membrane, which consists of cholesterol and unsaturated lipids, has been derived. The calculation has been performed using the theory of regular solutions, taking into account the contribution of the mechanical energy to the parameters of pair interactions between the components. It has been shown that the difference in the spontaneous curvatures of the components plays the major role in phase separation. The effective bending modulus has been calculated for the membrane whose components have different bending rigidities. Content Type Journal Article Pages 463-469 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011080066 Authors T. R. Galimzyanov, Frumkin Institute of Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia S. A. Akimov, Frumkin Institute of Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 8

Description:    The processes of nondissociative resonant attachment and autodetachment of electrons in a number of poly-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules have been investigated by mass spectrometry. Long-lived negative molecular ions of phenanthrene and triphenylene have not been observed. Such ions have been detected for anthracene, pyrene, and benzo[e]pyrene capturing thermal electrons. Negative molecular ions of tetracene and pentacene have also been observed up to 2.5–3 eV. The lifetimes of these ions with respect to the auto-detachment of an electron have been measured throughout the energy range where they are observed. This lifetime for tetracene and pentacene is more than 10 ms, which is two or three orders of magnitude larger than that for remaining compounds. Correlation between the lifetime of ions and the electron affinity of the molecules has been revealed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 437-441 DOI 10.1134/S002136401108011X Authors R. V. Khatymov, Institute of the Physics of Molecules and Crystals, Ufa Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450075 Russia R. F. Tuktarov, Institute of the Physics of Molecules and Crystals, Ufa Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450075 Russia M. V. Muftakhov, Institute of the Physics of Molecules and Crystals, Ufa Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450075 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 8

Description:    A wave equation for the simulation of nonlinear plane solitary perturbations of the free surface of a shallow fluid has been derived. In contrast to the modified Boussinesq equation, the new one correctly describes the interaction of counter-propagating small-amplitude waves. It has been shown analytically that collisions of solitons are inelastic even in the first-order perturbation theory and the nonlinear dynamics of such collisions is qualitatively different from that described by the modified Boussinesq equation. Content Type Journal Article Pages 423-426 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011080042 Authors D. G. Arkhipov, Institute of Thermophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia G. A. Khabakhpashev, Institute of Thermophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 8

Description:    We show that a simple biophysically based electron-conformational model of RyR channel can explain and describe on equal footing the oscillatory regime of the heart’s cell release unit both in sinoatrial node (pacemaker) cells under normal physiological conditions and in ventricular myocytes under Ca 2+ sarcoplasmic reticulum overload. Content Type Journal Article Pages 403-408 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011070083 Authors A. S. Moskvin, Department of Theoretical Physics, Ural State University, Yekaterinburg, 620083 Russia A. M. Ryvkin, Department of Theoretical Physics, Ural State University, Yekaterinburg, 620083 Russia O. E. Solovyova, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620049 Russia V. S. Markhasin, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620049 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 7

Description:    Second harmonic generation in graphene has been theoretically studied. Phenomenological analysis based on symmetry arguments is carried out. It is demonstrated that second harmonic generation in ideal graphene samples is possible only if the radiation wave vector or its magnetic field is taken into account. Microscopic theory is developed for the classical regime of radiation interaction with electrons, where the photon energy is much lower than the characteristic energy of charge carriers. It is demonstrated that the emitted radiation can be strongly circularly polarized for the linearly polarized incident wave. Content Type Journal Article Pages 366-371 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011070046 Authors M. M. Glazov, Ioffe Physicotechnical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 7

Description:    The dynamics of nonsingular defects has been studied experimentally and theoretically in the periodic roll structures arising at electroconvection in nematic liquid crystals twisted by π/2. The presence of an axial component of the velocity of the hydrodynamic flow with the opposite direction in the neighboring rolls is characteristic of roll structures in twisted nematics. The quantitative estimates of the critical frequency of the oscillations of structural defects have been obtained on the basis of the nonlinear equation of motion for the roll displacement. It has been found that the periodic creation and annihilation of a pair of edge dislocations with the topological indices +1 and −1 occur in the process of oscillations of a defect with a nonsingular nucleus. It has been demonstrated that oscillating defects with zero topological indices correspond to the solution of the sine-Gordon equation in the form of standing breathers. Content Type Journal Article Pages 388-393 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011070101 Authors O. A. Skaldin, Institute of Physics of Molecules and Crystals, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450075 Russia V. A. Delev, Institute of Physics of Molecules and Crystals, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450075 Russia E. S. Shikhovtseva, Institute of Physics of Molecules and Crystals, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450075 Russia E. S. Batyrshin, Institute of Physics of Molecules and Crystals, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450075 Russia Yu. A. Lebedev, Institute of Physics of Molecules and Crystals, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450075 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 7

Description:    The results of a new experiment on the observation of the effect of accelerating matter in neutron optics are reported. It has been shown that the velocity of neutrons periodically varies when they pass through a harmonically moving refractive sample. The idea of the experiment is based on time focusing, i.e., on the fact that the periodic modulation of the velocity of neutrons leads to the oscillation of the flux density at the observation point. The magnitude of the effect is in reasonable agreement with the theoretical predictions. The experiment has been carried out with ultracold neutrons and a change of ±1 cm/s has been detected in the neutron velocity. Content Type Journal Article Pages 361-365 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011070034 Authors A. I. Frank, Frank Neutron Physics Laboratory, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region, 141980 Russia P. Geltenbort, Institut Laue Langevin, BP 156-38042, Grenoble Cedex 9, France M. Jentschel, Institut Laue Langevin, BP 156-38042, Grenoble Cedex 9, France D. V. Kustov, Institute for Nuclear Research, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, 03680 Ukraine G. V. Kulin, Frank Neutron Physics Laboratory, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region, 141980 Russia A. N. Strepetov, Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, pl. Akademika Kurchatova 1, Moscow, 123182 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 7

Description:    Processes occurring when a static transverse electric field is applied to a GaAs/AlGaAs n - i - n heterostructure with single quantum wells and asymmetric tunnel-coupled double quantum wells have been investigated by optical methods. The difference between the energies of exciton transitions for quantum wells of different widths makes it possible to attribute the observed photoluminescence peaks to particular pairs of wells or particular single quantum wells. The local electric field for each quantum well has been determined in terms of the Stark shift and splitting of exciton lines in a wide range of external voltage. A qualitative model has been proposed to explain the nonmonotonic distribution of the electric field over the depth of the heterostructure. Content Type Journal Article Pages 394-398 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011070022 Authors V. Ya. Aleshkin, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia L. V. Gavrilenko, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia D. M. Gaponova, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia Z. F. Krasil’nik, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia D. I. Kryzhkov, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia D. I. Kuritsyn, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia S. M. Sergeev, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia V. G. Lyssenko, Institute of Microelectronic Technology and Ultra-High-Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia C. B. Sørensen, Nano-Science Center, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 7

Description:    The phase diagram of the frustrated J 1 - J 2 - J 3 S = 1/2 Heisenberg model on a square lattice is studied in the range of parameters corresponding to the spin-liquid state of the system. The study is performed using the self-consistent two-time retarded spin-spin Green’s functions, which do not break both translational and SU (2) symmetries. The inclusion of the damping of spin fluctuations allows us to obtain a good agreement with the cluster calculations. Using a consistent analytical approach, we have found continuous transitions via the spin-liquid state between the phases with three types of the long-range order: checkerboard, stripe, and ( k, k ) helical. In addition, there are indications confirming the existence of the ( k, π ) helical phase. Content Type Journal Article Pages 377-383 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011070071 Authors A. V. Mikheenkov, Institute for High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow region, 142092 Russia A. V. Shvartsberg, Institute for High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow region, 142092 Russia N. A. Kozlov, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow region, 141700 Russia A. F. Barabanov, Institute for High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow region, 142092 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 7

Description:    The thermal denaturation of lysozyme heated from 293 to 355 K has been studied using Brillouin light scattering. An anomalous temperature behavior of the velocity and damping of hypersound, which is accompanied by a decrease in the intensity of the Brillouin components in the experiments with the 180° scattering geometry and almost complete their disappearance in the case of the 90° scattering geometry, has been observed at the sol-gel transition in the vicinity of 343 K. Such anomalies in the light scattering spectra are absent for a sodium acetate buffer used to prepare protein solutions. A mechanism describing the behavior of the intensities of the Brillouin components has been proposed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 409-414 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011070113 Authors A. V. Svanidze, Faculty of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 198504 Russia V. P. Romanov, Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia S. G. Lushnikov, Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 7

Description:    The quasiparticle lifetime in a two-dimensional direct band semimetal limited by inelastic Coulomb scattering has been calculated in the case where two types of charge carriers are present. It has been shown that the electron lifetime at low and high concentrations of holes is mainly determined by the electron-hole and electron-electron scattering, respectively. Content Type Journal Article Pages 399-402 DOI 10.1134/S002136401107006X Authors V. M. Kovalev, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 13, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia A. V. Chaplik, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 13, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 7

Description:    Optical Fano resonances due to resonant eigenmodes in a layered periodically-modulated structure (photonic crystal slab) are investigated theoretically. The special attention is focused on the behavior of the resonances near a diffraction threshold. A new formulation of the resonant mode approximation for the optical scattering matrix near the diffraction threshold anomalies is proposed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 427-430 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011080029 Authors A. B. Akimov, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia N. A. Gippius, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia S. G. Tikhodeev, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 8

Description:    A theory of the nonresonant response of a single atom in a state with arbitrary magnitude and direction of the angular momentum of an atomic electron with respect to the polarization vector of the acting electromagnetic field has been developed. It has been shown that the atomic response current has a tensor structure and depends both on the direction of the angular momentum of the atom and on the polarization vector of the external field. The tensor character of the response is due to the effects of the anisotropy of probability density distribution of the atomic electron as compared to the case of the free atom. The selection rules for the axisymmetric problem of the atom in the field have been analyzed. The manifestation of the selection rules in the angular spectra of photoelectrons has been demonstrated. The probability of the ionization of the atom has been analyzed as a function of the amplitude and duration of the pulse. It has been shown that the width of the generation spectrum is a nonlinear function of the field strength and is saturated in the region of nearly atomic fields. Methods for controlling the parameters of the atomic response spectrum have been proposed on the basis of the use of a sequence of laser pulses with various time profiles, carrier frequencies, and polarization states. It has been shown that the generation of terahertz radiation is possible in the preionization regime, where the generation mechanism is attributed to atomic nonlinearity. Content Type Journal Article Pages 476-486 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011080030 Authors A. V. Andreev, Faculty of Physics and International Laser Center, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia S. Yu. Stremoukhov, Faculty of Physics and International Laser Center, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia O. A. Shoutova, Faculty of Physics and International Laser Center, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 8

Description:    According to neurobiological experiments, the effect of the appearance of spontaneous bioelectric discharges in neural networks of the brain satisfies the statistics of self-organized criticality. Theoretical investigations indicate that the critical behavior is an optimal regime for the storage and processing of information in the brain. Many model works focused on the approximation of the experimental data and on the investigation of information characteristics of signals, whereas the problem of dynamical mechanisms of their avalanche generation remains almost unstudied. The conditions of the appearance of high-frequency discharges at the critical dynamical threshold have been analyzed in the framework of the biophysical model of the neuronal network. A probabilistic model of the layer-by-layer activation of cells, which makes it possible to estimate the key relations between the parameters for avalanche generation of the discharge, has been proposed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 470-475 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011080133 Authors A. Yu. Simonov, Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia V. B. Kazantsev, Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 8

Description: Erratum to: “Ternary Compounds Based on Binary Topological Insulators As an Efficient Way for Modifying the Dirac Cone” Content Type Journal Article Pages 298-298 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011050110 Authors T. V. Menshchikova, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia S. V. Eremeev, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634021 Russia Yu. M. Koroteev, Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634021 Russia V. M. Kuznetsov, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia E. V. Chulkov, Departamento de Fisica de Materiales, UPV/EHU, Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) and CFM, Centro Mixto CSIC_UPV/EHU, 20080 San Sebastian, Spain Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 5

Description:    Electromagnetic radiation of 1–10 THz range is observed at room temperature in a structure with a point contact between a ferromagnetic rod and a thin ferromagnetic film under electric current of high enough density. The radiation is due to nonequilibrium spin injection between the components of the structure. By estimates, the injection can lead to inverted population of the spin subbands. The radiation power exceeds by orders of magnitude the thermal background (with the Joule heating taken into account) and follows the current without inertia. Content Type Journal Article Pages 259-262 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011050055 Authors Yu. V. Gulyaev, Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fryazino, Moscow region, 141190 Russia P. E. Zilberman, Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fryazino, Moscow region, 141190 Russia I. V. Malikov, Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia G. M. Mikhailov, Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia A. I. Panas, Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fryazino, Moscow region, 141190 Russia S. G. Chigarev, Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fryazino, Moscow region, 141190 Russia E. M. Epshtein, Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fryazino, Moscow region, 141190 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 5

Description:    A simplified scheme has been proposed for quantum computations on ensembles of identical fermions with quadratic slowing as compared to the abstract scheme of a quantum computer. An advantage of the proposed scheme is tunneling control, whereas the interaction between qubits is assumed to be diagonal and does not require control. It is reasonable to use the proposed scheme to implement fast quantum algorithms, in particular, Shor’s algorithm. Content Type Journal Article Pages 290-291 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011050080 Authors Yu. I. Ozhigov, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 5

Description:    Vortex structure in FeTe 0.66 Se 0.44 and FeTe 0.6 Se 0.4 single crystals with T c ∼ 11.7 and 14.5 K, respectively, has been studied using the decoration technique. It has been found that in single crystals with the simplest crystalline structure of 11-family iron-containing superconductors (without interlayers), no regular vortex lattice is observed, similar to the case of the previously studied 122 and 1111 families. Using transmission electron microscopy, the dislocation structure with a density of ∼10 9 cm −2 has been observed. The problem of pinning in iron-containing superconductor single crystals is discussed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 287-289 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011050109 Authors L. Ya. Vinnikov, Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia A. V. Radaev, Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia I. S. Veshchunov, Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia A. G. Troshina, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992 Russia Y. Liu, Max-Planck Institut für Festkörperforschung, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany C. T. Lin, Max-Planck Institut für Festkörperforschung, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany A. V. Boris, Max-Planck Institut für Festkörperforschung, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 5

Description:    The annihilation of slow (∼7 MeV) antiprotons in nuclear emulsion has been studied. The yields and energy spectra of p, d, t , and α particles in the evaporation region have been measured. The shape of the spectra of p, d , and t is in agreement with the Maxwell distribution and the excitation energy of a nucleus is consistent with a theoretical estimate for evaporation from the equilibrium state. The probability of the absorption of antiprotons inside the nucleus estimated from the multiplicity of h particles is ɛ = (2.0 ± 0.6) × 10 −2 . The relative d / p yield coincides with a similar ratio appearing in the capture of slow π − mesons by nuclei in the nuclear emulsion. The yields of t and α particles in the process of the annihilation of antiprotons are much higher than those in a similar process for pions. To identify g particles (0.29 〈 β 〈 0.70), energy losses dE / dx on ionization and multiple scattering have been measured. In this velocity region, the yields of p, d, t , and pions have been observed. The ratios ( n d / n p ) g , ( n d / n p ) b , and n d / n p measured in the capture of π − mesons are almost the same. In this velocity range ( g particles), α particles have not been observed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 253-258 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011050043 Authors V. V. Dubinina, Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, ul. Bol’shaya Cheremushkinskaya 25, Moscow, 117259 Russia N. P. Egorenkova, Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, ul. Bol’shaya Cheremushkinskaya 25, Moscow, 117259 Russia E. A. Pozharova, Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, ul. Bol’shaya Cheremushkinskaya 25, Moscow, 117259 Russia V. A. Smirnitskii, Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, ul. Bol’shaya Cheremushkinskaya 25, Moscow, 117259 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 5

Description:    The enhancement of auroral kilometric radiation near its lowest frequency has been detected in the polar edge of the auroral zone in the POLRAD experiment with the INTERBALL-2 satellite. The difference between the local electron cyclotron frequency and the lowest frequency of enhanced radiation is 8–20 kHz, indicating the closeness to the source of auroral kilometric radiation. According to the detailed analysis of low-frequency auroral kilometric radiation, its amplitude is larger than the “background” values by a factor of 20–70 and has amplitude modulation with characteristic periods of 40-60 s. The increase in the intensity at low frequencies is attributed to the intersection of the source region by the satellite and the detection of waveguide modes in it. Content Type Journal Article Pages 326-329 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011060087 Authors M. M. Mogilevsky, Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Profsoyuznaya 84/32, Moscow, 117997 Russia I. L. Moiseenko, Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Profsoyuznaya 84/32, Moscow, 117997 Russia T. V. Romantsova, Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Profsoyuznaya 84/32, Moscow, 117997 Russia J. Hanasz, Space Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 87-100 Torun, Poland T. M. Burinskaya, Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Profsoyuznaya 84/32, Moscow, 117997 Russia D. V. Chugunin, Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Profsoyuznaya 84/32, Moscow, 117997 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 6

Description:    The stability of the B and N atomic vacancies and divacancies in an h-BN monolayer deformed by 2 and 4% along one of the axes has been investigated. It has been established that the N atomic vacancies are most stable; their concentration is insignificant and does not affect the properties of white graphene. The number of vacancies depends on the mobility of N and B atoms on the layer surface; therefore, the probability of recombination with the vacancies has been estimated. It has been revealed that the energy barrier for the migration of the B and N adatoms is about 0.23 and 1.23 eV, respectively. In view of such a low barrier for the B adatom, this type of adatoms will quite rapidly move over the surface and recombine with vacancies, in contrast to the N adatoms. Therefore, only nitrogen atom vacancies can exist in the h-BN monolayer grown by the methods, where the adatoms could possibly appear on the surface. Content Type Journal Article Pages 335-338 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011060051 Authors A. A. Kuzubov, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660028 Russia M. V. Serzhantova, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660028 Russia A. S. Fedorov, Kirensky Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russia F. N. Tomilin, Kirensky Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russia T. A. Kozhevnikova, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660028 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 6

Description: In memory of our authors Content Type Journal Article Pages 809-809 DOI 10.1134/S0021364010240069 Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 92 Journal Issue Volume 92, Number 12

Description:    Electron tunneling in a semiconductor heterostructure with a barrier in a weak magnetic field applied parallel to the barrier interfaces is analyzed theoretically. A novel mechanism of the Hall effect in this structure is suggested. It is shown that the Hall current near the sufficiently wide barrier is determined by the orbital effect of the magnetic field on the electron motion under the barrier, rather than by the electron {ie778-1}-drift and scattering in the conductive regions lying to the left and to the right of the barrier. Content Type Journal Article Pages 788-792 DOI 10.1134/S0021364010240021 Authors P. S. Alekseev, Ioffe Physicotechnical Institute, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 92 Journal Issue Volume 92, Number 12

Description:    We study the quantum correlation of a coherently foul-level atomic system coupled by two coherent driven fields. Used the wave function technique, an explicit expression of the photon-photon correlation function is derived. The influence of the driven field as well as the detuning on the second correlation function are investigated. We find that the second correlation function can be controlled by the driven field or the detuning of two coupling lasers. So we can control the magnitude of the joint detection probability by the driving fields. More importantly, we show that this correlated photon states can serve as atomic memory. Content Type Journal Article Pages 804-808 DOI 10.1134/S0021364010240057 Authors Y. H. Ma, School of Mathematics, Physics, and Biological Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 014010 Baotou, People’s Republic of China E. Wu, School of Mathematics, Physics, and Biological Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, 014010 Baotou, People’s Republic of China Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 92 Journal Issue Volume 92, Number 12

Description:    The possibility of the appearance of the states with a nonzero average helicity in neutron matter is studied in the model with the Skyrme effective interaction. By providing the analysis of the self-consistent equations at zero temperature, it is shown that neutron matter with the Skyrme BSk18 effective force undergoes at high densities a phase transition to the state in which the degeneracy with respect to helicity of neutrons is spontaneously removed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 783-787 DOI 10.1134/S002136401024001X Authors A. A. Isayev, Kharkov institute of Physics and Technology, 61108 Kharkov, Ukraine J. Yang, Department of Physics and the Institute for the Early Universe, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750 Korea Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 92 Journal Issue Volume 92, Number 12

Description:    The terahertz spectra of the dynamic conductivity and radiation absorption coefficient in germanium-silicon heterostructures with arrays of Ge hut clusters (quantum dots) have been measured for the first time in the frequency range of 0.3–1.2 THz at room temperature. It has been found that the effective dynamic conductivity and effective radiation absorption coefficient in the heterostructure due to the presence of germanium quantum dots in it are much larger than the respective quantities of both the bulk Ge single crystal and Ge/Si(001) without arrays of quantum dots. The possible microscopic mechanisms of the detected increase in the absorption in arrays of quantum dots have been discussed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 793-798 DOI 10.1134/S0021364010240033 Authors E. S. Zhukova, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991 Russia B. P. Gorshunov, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991 Russia V. A. Yuryev, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991 Russia L. V. Arapkina, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991 Russia K. V. Chizh, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991 Russia V. A. Chapnin, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991 Russia V. P. Kalinushkin, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991 Russia A. S. Prokhorov, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991 Russia G. N. Mikhailova, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 92 Journal Issue Volume 92, Number 12

Description:    We consider spin ice magnets (primarily, Dy 2 Ti 2 O 7 in the vicinity of their critical point on the ( H, T ) plane. We find that the longitudinal susceptibility diverges at the critical point, leading to the behavior qualitatively similar to the one which would result from non-zero conductance of magnetic charges. We show that dynamics of critical fluctuations belongs to the universality class of easy-axis ferroelectric and calculate logarithmic corrections (within two-loop approximation) to the mean-field critical behavior. Content Type Journal Article Pages 799-803 DOI 10.1134/S0021364010240045 Authors A. V. Shtyk, Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia M. V. Feigel’man, Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 92 Journal Issue Volume 92, Number 12

Description:    The explanation of the observed baryon asymmetry, i.e., the almost complete absence of antimatter in the visible part of the universe, is one of the most important problems in cosmology. The real asymmetry value can be determined by direct measurements of the fluxes of antinuclei with charges | Z | ⩾ 2 in primary cosmic rays near the Earth. The results of the search for antihelium using data from the PAMELA experiment obtained from June 2006 to December 2009 are presented. No events with a charge of −2 have been detected in the rigidity range of 0.6–600 GV. An upper limit on the antihelium/helium flux ratio has been presented as a function of the energy. An integral upper level of 4.7 × 10 −7 is the lowest limit at rigidities above 14 GV. Content Type Journal Article Pages 628-631 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011110087 Authors A. G. Mayorov, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia A. M. Galper, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia O. Adriani, Structure of Florence, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy G. A. Bazilevskaya, Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 53, Moscow, 119991 Russia G. Barbarino, Structure of Naples, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy R. Bellotti, Structure of Bari, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy M. Boezio, Structure of Trieste, INFN, 34012 Trieste, Italy E. A. Bogomolov, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia V. Bonvicini, Structure of Trieste, INFN, 34012 Trieste, Italy M. Bongi, Structure of Florence, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy L. Bonechi, Structure of Florence, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy S. V. Borisov, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia S. Bottai, Structure of Florence, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy A. Bruno, Structure of Bari, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy S. Vacci, Structure of Trieste, INFN, 34012 Trieste, Italy E. Vannuccini, Structure of Florence, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy G. I. Vasiliev, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia S. A. Voronov, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia Y. Wu, Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden I. A. Danilchenko, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia W. Gillard, Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden G. Jerse, Structure of Rome Tor Vergata, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy G. Zampa, Structure of Trieste, INFN, 34012 Trieste, Italy N. Zampa, Structure of Trieste, INFN, 34012 Trieste, Italy V. G. Zverev, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia M. Casolino, Structure of Rome Tor Vergata, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy D. Campana, Structure of Naples, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy R. Carbone, Structure of Naples, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy A. V. Karelin, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia P. Carlson, Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden G. Castellini, L’Istituto di Fisica Applicata Nello Carrara, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy F. Cafagna, Structure of Bari, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy A. N. Kvashnin, Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 53, Moscow, 119991 Russia S. V. Koldashov, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia S. A. Koldobsky, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia S. Yu. Krutkov, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia A. A. Leonov, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia V. V. Malakhov, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia V. Malvezzi, Structure of Rome Tor Vergata, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy L. Marcelli, Structure of Rome Tor Vergata, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy W. Menn, Fachbereich Physik, Universitát Seigen, 57068 Seigen, Germany V. V. Mikhailov, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia E. Mocchiutti, Structure of Trieste, INFN, 34012 Trieste, Italy N. Mori, Structure of Florence, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy N. V. Nikonov, Structure of Trieste, INFN, 34012 Trieste, Italy G. Osteria, Structure of Naples, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy S. Pizzolotto, Structure of Trieste, INFN, 34012 Trieste, Italy P. Papini, Structure of Florence, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy M. P. De Pascale, Structure of Rome Tor Vergata, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy P. Picozza, Structure of Rome Tor Vergata, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy M. Pearce, Department of Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden M. Ricci, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, Italy S. Ricciarini, Structure of Florence, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy M. F. Runtso, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia M. Simon, Fachbereich Physik, Universitát Seigen, 57068 Seigen, Germany N. De Simone, Structure of Rome Tor Vergata, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy R. Sparvoli, Structure of Rome Tor Vergata, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy P. Spillantini, Structure of Florence, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Florence, 50019 Florence, Italy Yu. I. Stozhkov, Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 53, Moscow, 119991 Russia V. Di Felice, Structure of Rome Tor Vergata, INFN and Department of Physics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy Yu. T. Yurkin, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 11

Description:    The rearrangement of the local environment of cerium has been examined using extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy above the K -Ce absorption edge for various manganese contents and temperatures in Ce 2 Fe 17 − x Mn x intermetallics ( x = 0, 1, 2). The valence state of cerium has been studied simultaneously by X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy above the L 3 -Ce absorption under the same conditions. A correlation has been revealed between the changes observed in the local electronic and crystal structure of Ce 2 Fe 17 − x Mn x compounds and the types of magnetic states in them. Content Type Journal Article Pages 187-191 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150070 Authors A. P. Menushenkov, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia A. A. Yaroslavtsev, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia O. V. Grishina, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia R. V. Chernikov, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Kashirskoe sh. 31, Moscow, 115409 Russia A. G. Kuchin, Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. S. Kovalevskoi 18, Yekaterinburg, 620990 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    Topological media are systems whose properties are protected by topology and thus are robust to deformations of the system. In topological insulators and superconductors the bulk-surface and bulk-vortex correspondence gives rise to the gapless Weyl, Dirac or Majorana fermions on the surface of the system and inside vortex cores. Here we show that in gapless topological media, the bulk-surface and bulk-vortex correspondence is more effective: it produces topologically protected gapless fermions without dispersion—the fiat band. Fermion zero modes forming the flat band are localized on the surface of topological media with protected nodal lines [A. P. Schnyder and S. Ryu, Phys. Rev. B 84 , 060504(R) (2011); T. T. Heikkil G. E. Volovik, JETP Lett. 93 , 59 (2011)] and in the vortex core in systems with topologically protected Fermi points (Weyl points) [G. E. Volovik, JETP Lett. 93 , 66 (2011)]. Flat band has an extremely singular density of states, and we show that this property may give rise in particular to surface superconductivity which could exist even at room temperature. Content Type Journal Article Pages 233-239 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150045 Authors T. T. Heikkilä, Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University, School of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland N. B. Kopnin, Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University, School of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland G. E. Volovik, Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University, School of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    The problem of commuting quadratic quantum operators with a magnetic field has been considered. It has been shown that any such pair can be reduced to the canonical form, which makes it possible to construct an almost complete classification of the solutions of equations that are necessary and sufficient for a pair of operators to commute with each other. The transformation to the canonical form is performed through the change of variables to the Kovalevskaya-type variables; this change is similar to that in the theory of integrable tops. As an example, this procedure has been considered for the two-dimensional Schrödinger equation with the magnetic field; this equation has an additional quantum integral of motion. Content Type Journal Article Pages 243-247 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150069 Authors V. G. Marikhin, Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    Numerical simulations of fully nonlinear equations of motion for long-crested waves at deep water demonstrate that in elongate wave groups the formation of extreme waves occurs most intensively if in an initial state the wave fronts are oriented obliquely to the direction of the group. An “optimal” angle, resulting in the highest rogue waves, depends on initial wave amplitude and group width, and it is about 18–28 degrees in a practically important range of parameters. Content Type Journal Article Pages 177-181 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150100 Authors V. P. Ruban, Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    The performed ab initio calculations indicate the possibility of forming stable, uniformly mixed Pd-Fe nanowires. The effect of stretching-contraction deformations on the electronic structure of Pd-Fe nanowires has been revealed. Using the calculation results, a transition from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic state in a uniformly mixed Pd-Fe nanowire subjected to tension has been predicted. Content Type Journal Article Pages 228-232 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150136 Authors K. M. Tsysar’, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia E. M. Smelova, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia D. I. Bazhanov, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia A. M. Saletsky, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    A scheme in semiconducting quantum nanowire structure has been proposed to demonstrate the non-Abelian statistics for Majorana fermions in terms of braid group. The Majorana fermions are localized at the endpoints of semiconducting wires, which are deposited on an s -wave superconductor. The non-Abelian nature of Majorana fermion is manifested by the fact that the output of the different applied orders of two operations, constructed by the braid group elements, are different. In particular, the difference can be unambiguously imprinted on the quantum states of a superconducting flux qubit. Content Type Journal Article Pages 213-216 DOI 10.1134/S002136401115015X Authors Z. -Y. Xue, Laboratory of Quantum Information Technology, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006 People’s Republic of China Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    The structure of amorphous silicon nitride obtained by cooling from a melt has been simulated by Car-Parinello molecular dynamics. Several types of Si-Si defect coordination have been revealed. It has been found that, in addition to normal Si-Si bonds, numerous double Si-Si bonds (Si-Si-Si defects) are present in the amorphous structure. Content Type Journal Article Pages 202-205 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150082 Authors S. S. Nekrashevich, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 13, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia A. V. Shaposhnikov, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 13, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia V. A. Gritsenko, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 13, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    It has been shown that the use of a bent crystal with a variable curvature radius makes it possible to reduce the fraction of dechanneled particles by an order of magnitude. This effect enables the strong reduction of the particle density at the edge of a collimator or the partition of a septum upon the multi-turn extraction of a beam from a ring accelerator. In particular, the beam extraction efficiency at the U-70 synchrotron and Large Hadron Collider can be increased to 95 and 99.65%, respectively. Content Type Journal Article Pages 248-250 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150161 Authors I. A. Yazynin, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region, 142281 Russia V. A. Maisheev, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region, 142281 Russia Yu. A. Chesnokov, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Moscow region, 142281 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    It has been shown that the known effect of the modulation instability of wavepackets can occur for long internal waves with a moderate amplitude in a stratified horizontally inhomogeneous ocean under certain conditions on the vertical structure of the density field and flows. The numerical calculations that have been performed for the transformation of wavepackets in some regions of the World Ocean indicate the possibility of the appearance of rogue waves in the bulk of the Ocean. Content Type Journal Article Pages 182-186 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150124 Authors T. G. Talipova, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Ul’yanova 46, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia E. N. Pelinovsky, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Ul’yanova 46, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia Ch. Kharif, Institute of Nonequilibrium Physical Phenomena, Marcel, France Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    The pressure-temperature phase diagram of magnesiowüstite has been constructed using the many-electron LDA+GTB approach. The phase diagram includes a quantum critical point at P c = 55 GPa and has a symmetrical distribution of high-spin and low-spin states. The existence of a metallic state in a narrow temperature range above the critical point is predicted. Content Type Journal Article Pages 192-196 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150094 Authors S. G. Ovchinnikov, Kirensky Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    Nuclear pseudoquadrupole resonance of 141 Pr in Van Vleck paramagnet PrF 3 has been observed in singlecrystal and micro- and nanopowder samples at a temperature of 4.2 K. The spectra of nuclear pseudoquadrupole resonance of 141 Pr, as well as the spin-spin and spin-lattice relaxation parameters, have been obtained. The parameters of the nuclear spin Hamiltonian have been determined. It has been found that the parameters of the crystal electric field in nanocrystals differ strongly from those in microcrystals. Content Type Journal Article Pages 240-242 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150021 Authors E. M. Alakshin, Institute of Physics, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia A. S. Aleksandrov, Institute of Physics, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia A. V. Egorov, Institute of Physics, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia A. V. Klochkov, Institute of Physics, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia S. L. Korableva, Institute of Physics, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia M. S. Tagirov, Institute of Physics, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, 420008 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    The electronic structure of ternary compounds Pb 2 Sb 2 Te 5 , Pb 2 Bi 2 Te 5 , and Pb 2 Bi 2 Se 5 , which have a layered structure that consists of nine-layer atomic blocks separated by van der Waals gaps, has been theoretically studied. It has been shown that all studied compounds are three-dimensional topological insulators. The possibility of the existence of a two-dimensional topological insulator has been found in ultrathin (0001) Pb 2 Sb 2 Te 5 and Pb 2 Bi 2 Te 5 films. Oscillations of the ℤ 2 topological invariant with an increase in the film thickness have been observed in the latter compound. Content Type Journal Article Pages 217-221 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150112 Authors I. V. Silkin, Tomsk State University, pr. Lenina 36, Tomsk, 634050 Russia Yu. M. Koroteev, Tomsk State University, pr. Lenina 36, Tomsk, 634050 Russia S. V. Eremeev, Tomsk State University, pr. Lenina 36, Tomsk, 634050 Russia G. Bihlmayer, Institut für Festkörperforschung and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany E. V. Chulkov, Donostia International Physics Center and CFM, Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Departamento de Fisica de Materiales, UPV/EHU, Apdo 1072, 20080 San Sebastian, Spain Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    We study the average density of states in a small metallic grain coupled to two superconductors with the phase difference π, in a magnetic field. The spectrum of the low-energy excitations in the grain is described by the random matrix theory whose symmetry depends on the magnetic field strength and coupling to the superconductors. In the limiting cases, a pure superconducting symmetry class is realized. For intermediate magnetic fields or couplings to the superconductors, the system experiences a crossover between different symmetry classes. With the help of the supersymmetric σ-model we derive the exact expressions for the average density of states in the crossovers between the symmetry classes A-C and CI-C. Content Type Journal Article Pages 222-227 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150057 Authors V. A. Koziy, Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia M. A. Skvortsov, Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    The possibility of the existence of Cooper instability in a system with hops between carbon anions that form a honeycomb lattice has been established based on an idea about the strong interaction in one atom of the unit cell. The phase diagram of the existence of the superconducting ordering and the BCS constant has been calculated for various filling factors of the π or σ shell. Content Type Journal Article Pages 206-212 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011150173 Authors R. O. Zaitsev, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow region, 141700 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 3

Description:    The consideration is presented of possible neutron experiments to search for new short-range spin-dependent forces. The spin-dependent nucleon-nucleon interaction between neutron and nuclei may cause different effects: phase shift of a neutron wave in neutron interferometers of different kind, in particular of the Lloyd mirror configuration, neutron spin rotation in the pseudo-magnetic field, and transverse deflection of polarized neutron beam by a slab of substance. Estimates of sensitivity of these experiments are performed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 413-417 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180111 Authors Yu. N. Pokotilovski, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region, 141980 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    We investigate quantum dynamics of vibrational excitations in one-dimensional (1D) molecular chain. Our model includes nearest neighbor interaction between identical molecular sites and one impurity atom placed in the middle ( n = 0). We show that upon exciting the impurity site, its excess energy for relatively long for molecular scales time up to 100 ps is not redistributed uniformly among all other degrees of freedom. On the contrary an excitation propagates along the chain, reflected from the chain ends, and quantum interference of these waves yields to recurrence cycles and echo phenomena. For a critical cycle number k c , echo components of the neighboring cycles start to overlap, and eventually for k ≫ k c dynamics looks like chaotic one. The critical cycle number k c depends on the coupling strength 0 ≤ C ≤ 1 of the impurity site with its neighbors n = ±1. k c achieves the maximum for C 2 = 1/2. Our results are in qualitative agreement with experimental data on vibrational excitations in various (CH 2 ) n molecular chains, and besides offer a way for loss-free energy transfer between separated in space reaction centers. Content Type Journal Article Pages 459-464 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180032 Authors V. A. Benderskii, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia E. I. Kats, Laue-Langevin Institute, F-38042 Grenoble, France Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    The calorimetric studies of a quasi-liquid layer on the surface of ice have been performed. The activation energy in the thermal generation of the quasi-liquid layer has been determined. The gravitational draining of the quasi-liquid layer over an ice surface has been detected. The transition of the quasi-liquid layer to granules of a hydrophilic material, which is accompanied by the energy release, has been revealed. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 374-377 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170073 Authors G. D. Koposov, Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangel’sk, 163002 Russia A. V. Tyagunin, Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangel’sk, 163002 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    We study the scaling of the localization length of two interacting bosons in a one-dimensional random lattice with the single particle localization length. We consider the short-range interaction assuming that the particles interact when located both on the same site. We discuss several regimes, among them one interesting weak Fock space disorder regime. In this regime we obtain a weak logarithmic scaling law. Numerical benchmark data support the absence of any strong enhancement of the two particle localization length. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 406-412 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170097 Authors D. O. Krimer, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, D-01187 Dresden, Germany R. Khomeriki, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, D-01187 Dresden, Germany S. Flach, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, D-01187 Dresden, Germany Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    The conditions for the appearance of conical singularities in a magnetically ordered crystal in the presence of dichroism, birefringence, and magneto-optical activity have been considered. The possibility of the existence of singularities such as a nodal point, cusp, and point of contact has been demonstrated. The relation of the topological index of the closed singular line to the indices of the C points lying inside the contour has been revealed. Estimates have been made for the YIG:Bi crystal. Content Type Journal Article Category Optics and Laser Physics Pages 353-355 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170127 Authors V. S. Merkulov, Research and Applied Center of Materials Science, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 220072 Belarus Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    The velocity of the light pulse emitted by an ultrarelativistic electron bunch is directly measured. The measured velocity is within 0.3% of the standard speed of light in a vacuum. The result can be considered as the most direct experimental confirmation of the second postulate of special relativity. Content Type Journal Article Category Astrophysics and Cosmology Pages 344-346 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170024 Authors E. B. Aleksandrov, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia P. A. Aleksandrov, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, pl. Akademika Kurchatova 1, Moscow, 123182 Russia V. S. Zapasskii, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia V. N. Korchuganov, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, pl. Akademika Kurchatova 1, Moscow, 123182 Russia A. I. Stirin, National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, pl. Akademika Kurchatova 1, Moscow, 123182 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    We suggest explanation of the high upper critical magnetic field, perpendicular to conducting chains and parallel to conducting layers H c 2 b′ ≃ 6 T, experimentally observed in the organic superconductor (TMTSF) 2 ClO 4 . In particular, we show that H c 2 b′ can be higher than both the quasiclassical upper critical field and Clogston-Chandrasekhar paramagnetic limit in a singlet quasi-one-dimensional superconductor. We predict the coexistence of the hidden Reentrant and Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell phases in a magnetic field. Our results are compared to the recent experimental data and shown to be in a good agreement with the experiments. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 382-385 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170103 Authors A. G. Lebed, Department of Physics, University of Arizona, AZ 85721, Tucson, USA Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    The Casimir force , which attracts to each other two perfectly conducting parallel plates separated by the distance a in vacuum, is one of the blueprints of the reality of vacuum fluctuations. Following the recent conjecture, that quantum fields should be described in terms of the fields depending on the resolution of measurement, rather than the position alone [1], we derive the correction to the Casimir energy depending on the ratio of the plate displacement amplitude to the distance between plates. Content Type Journal Article Category Fields, Particles, and Nuclei Pages 341-343 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170036 Authors M. V. Altaisky, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region, 141980 Russia N. E. Kaputkina, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, 119049 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    It was found that tunneling current through a nanometer scale structure with strongly coupled localized states causes spatial redistribution of localized charges induced by Coulomb correlations. We present here theoretical investigation of this effect by means of Heisenberg equations for localized states electron filling numbers. This method makes it possible to take into account pair correlations of local electron density exactly. It is shown that inverse occupation of the two-level system caused by Coulomb correlations appears in particular range of applied bias. Described effects can give a possibility of charge manipulation in the proposed system. We also expect that described results can be observed in tunneling structures with impurities or with small quantum dots. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 390-396 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170048 Authors P. I. Arseyev, Lebedev Physical institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia N. S. Maslova, Department of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia V. N. Mantsevich, Department of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    Films of amorphous silicon suboxide α-SiO x containing amorphous silicon nanoclusters have been grown by direct current magnetron sputtering. It has been found that two radiation bands are observed in the photoluminescence spectra of relatively large amorphous nanoclusters (a size of ∼2 nm) unlike one photoluminescence band of silicon nanocrystals of the same size. The form of the spectra upon the change in the nanocluster sizes agrees with that predicted in theoretical works, in which the energy spectrum of amorphous nanoclusters has been calculated taking into account quantum confinement of delocalized, weakly localized, and strongly localized states. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 370-373 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170061 Authors O. B. Gusev, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia J. S. Vainshtein, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia Yu. K. Undalov, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia O. S. Yeltsina, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia I. N. Trapeznikova, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia E. I. Terukov, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia O. M. Sreseli, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    The dispersion of magnetoplasma excitations in two-dimensional electron systems in a strong parallel magnetic field has been studied. A considerable increase in the electron cyclotron mass with an increase in the parallel component of magnetic field has been detected. It has been found that the cyclotron mass increment is a quadratic function of the magnetic field parallel to the interface. It has been shown that the mass anisotropy of 2D electrons induced by the parallel magnetic field reaches nearly 2.5 in B ‖ = 7 T. The energy of space quantization of the electron in the quantum well has been estimated from the magnetic field dependence of the anisotropy. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 397-400 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170085 Authors V. E. Kozlov, Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia S. I. Gubarev, Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia I. V. Kukushkin, Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    Nonplanar (cylindrical and spherical) double layers (DLs) in a four-component dusty plasma (composed of inertial positively and negatively charged dust, Boltzmann electrons and ions) are studied by employing the reductive perturbation method. The modified Gardner equation describing the nonlinear propagation of the dust-acoustic (DA) waves is derived, and its nonplanar double layer solutions are numerically analyzed. The parametric regimes for the existence of the DLs, which are found to be associated with positive potential only, are obtained. The basic features of nonplanar DA DLs, which are found to be different from planar ones, are also identified. The implications of our results to different space and laboratory dusty plasma situations, where opposite polarity dust are observed, are discussed. Content Type Journal Article Category Plasma, Hydro- and Gas Dynamics Pages 356-361 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170115 Authors A. A. Mamun, The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics, 34014 Trieste, Italy A. Mannan, Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342 Bangladesh Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    The security of keys in quantum cryptography is based on fundamental quantum mechanical exclusions (the exclusion of cloning and copying of nonorthogonal quantum states. The physical type of a quantum object that carries information (photon, electron, atom, etc.) is insignificant; only its state vector is important. In relativistic quantum cryptography for open space, both the time of the information carrier (photon that propagates with the extremely allowable velocity in a vacuum) and its quantum state are of fundamental importance. Joint fundamental constraints that are dictated by both special relativity and quantum mechanics on the discrimination of nonorthogonal quantum states allow one to formulate fundamentally new key distribution protocols that are stable against any attacks on a key and guarantee the security of keys for a nonstrictly single-photon source and any losses in the communication channel. Although this protocol is a real-time protocol in the Minkowski space-time, where the attack to the communication channel is detected by the delay of eavesdropper measurement results, the protocol does not require clock synchronization on the transmitter and receiver sides . Content Type Journal Article Pages 469-476 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180093 Authors S. N. Molotkov, Academy of Cryptography of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 103025 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    The distribution of the magnetization over multilayer particles, including three ferromagnetic layers separated by insulating spacers, is studied experimentally and theoretically. Experimental data on the magnetic state of these particles are obtained by measuring their magnetoresistance. For the case of zero applied field, it is shown that a multilayer particle with easy-plane magnetic anisotropy is a noncollinear helical state. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 386-389 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170164 Authors S. N. Vdovichev, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia B. A. Gribkov, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia S. A. Gusev, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia A. Yu. Klimov, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia V. L. Mironov, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia I. M. Nefedov, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia V. V. Rogov, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia A. A. Fraerman, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia I. A. Shereshevskii, Institute for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    The electric resistance, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat of the icosahedral phases of the Al-Cu-Fe system have been examined in the melt region. It has been shown that the features of the properties of a homogeneous solid state, as well as correlations between these features, hold in melts up to temperatures above the melting point by several hundreds of degrees. The results indicate that the short-range order and orbital hybridization determine the mechanism responsible for the electronic spectrum and ultrahigh-resistance state of quasicrystals. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 366-369 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170139 Authors A. F. Prekul, Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. S. Kovalevskoi 18, Yekaterinburg, 620041 Russia N. I. Shchegolikhina, Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. S. Kovalevskoi 18, Yekaterinburg, 620041 Russia A. B. Gaiduchenko, Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. S. Kovalevskoi 18, Yekaterinburg, 620041 Russia K. I. Grushevskii, Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. S. Kovalevskoi 18, Yekaterinburg, 620041 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    Intense terahertz electroluminescence from SiC structures with a miniband electron spectrum caused by the natural superlattice has been observed. The shape of the terahertz radiation line, the linear dependence of the position of its maximum on the bias voltage, the typical value of the field required to induce the radiation, and the prevailing polarization of the radiation along the superlattice axis indicate that the observed radiation results from to the excitation of stationary Bloch oscillations of electrons in the natural silicon carbide superlattice. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 362-365 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170140 Authors V. I. Sankin, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia A. V. Andrianov, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia A. O. Zakhar’in, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia A. G. Petrov, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    A theoretical investigation is carried out into the effect of spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) on the left-handedness in a four-level Y -type atomic system with two highest nearly degenerate lying levels. It is found, with the spontaneously generated coherence intensity enhancing, the atomic system gradually displays left-handedness with simultaneous negative permittivity and permeability. And the refractive index enhances with the increasing intensity of SGC. However, the absorption is suppressed by the SGC effect when the SGC has a large intensity. When the probe field is near-resonant coupled to the atomic system, the appearance of SGC doesn’t always change the permeability from positive to negative and allow for lefthanded behavior, unless the SGC reaches a large intensity. Content Type Journal Article Category Optics and Laser Physics Pages 347-352 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170176 Authors S. -C. Zhao, Department of Physics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093 People’s Republic of China Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    It is demonstrated for the first time that in spite of well known big similarities between atomic ionization by photons and fast electrons, a qualitative difference exists in angular anisotropy parameters of electrons knocked out in these processes. The difference is disclosed here and attributed to distinction between normal (transverse) and virtual (longitudinal) photons. Formulas are derived for dipole and non-dipole angular anisotropy parameters in fast electron-atom scattering. The ratio of quadrupole-to-dipole matrix elements is determined by the parameter ω R/v 〈 1, where ω is the transferred in collision energy, R is the ionized shell radius, and v is the speed of projectile. This factor can be much larger than that in the case of photoionization, where one has the speed of light c that is much higher than v . We illustrate general formulas by concrete results for outer s subshells of noble gas atoms Ar and Xe. Even for very low momentum transfer q , in the so-called optical limit, the deviation from photoionization case is prominent and instructive. Content Type Journal Article Pages 431-436 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180020 Authors M. Ya. Amusia, Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel L. V. Chernysheva, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia E. Z. Liverts, Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    Boundary conditions for the equations of the theory of elasticity modified by the presence of the flexoelectric effect have been obtained. It has been shown that these conditions do not generally coincide with the boundary conditions of the standard theory of elasticity. In particular, stresses that are proportional to the product of the polarization and surface curvature appear on the surface. Due to the boundary conditions, the uniform polarization deforms the crystal, although this polarization does not enter into the three-dimensional equations of equilibrium. Content Type Journal Article Pages 455-458 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180160 Authors A. S. Yurkov, Omsk, 644076 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    The trielectronic recombination of an In + (4 d 10 5 s 2 1 S 0 ) ion in collisions with slow electrons, including the two-electron excitation of the 5 s 2 core of the ion with the simultaneous capture of the triply excited 5 p 3 intermediate autoionizing state with its subsequent radiative stabilization 5 p 3 → 5 s 5 p 2 + h ν has been detected and experimentally examined for the first time. The maximum effective cross section of trielectronic recombination is 1.6 × 10 −16 cm 2 , which is comparable to the effective cross sections for both dielectronic recombination and electron excitation of the In + ion. Content Type Journal Article Pages 422-424 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180068 Authors A. N. Gomonai, Institute of Electron Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Uzhgorod, 88017 Ukraine Yu. I. Hutych, Institute of Electron Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Uzhgorod, 88017 Ukraine E. V. Ovcharenko, Institute of Electron Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Uzhgorod, 88017 Ukraine A. I. Imre, Institute of Electron Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Uzhgorod, 88017 Ukraine Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    The temperature-dependent inelastic light scattering by electrons in osmium is studied at different values and directions of the wave vector. The frequency dependence for the spectra of electronic light scattering is modeled based on the calculated band structure taking properly into account the effects of inelastic scattering. A comparison of the measured and calculated spectra suggests the dominant role of the electron-phonon scattering in the energy range under study. This allows us to estimate the temperature-dependent renormalization of the electron velocity and the decay rate for the electron states. Content Type Journal Article Pages 437-441 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180123 Authors Yu. S. Ponosov, Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. S. Kovalevskoi 18, Yekaterinburg, 620990 Russia S. V. Strel’tsov, Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. S. Kovalevskoi 18, Yekaterinburg, 620990 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    Layered structures based on porous silicon have been studied by confocal microscopy of the second optical harmonic. A linear increase in the second-harmonic intensity with increasing porosity of the layers has been observed. This behavior may result from spatial fluctuations in the dipole quadratic response of the pore walls. Content Type Journal Article Pages 451-454 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180081 Authors A. I. Maidykovski, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia N. M. Nagorskii, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia T. V. Murzina, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia A. A. Nikulin, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia S. A. Magnitskii, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia O. A. Aktsipetrov, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    We demonstrate that kinetic coefficients related to thermoelectric properties of the two dimensional electron gas in the diffusive regime are strongly influenced by electron-electron interaction. As an example we consider the thermoelectric coefficients of the diluted two-dimensional electron gas in Si(100) MOSFET’s in the presence of charged-impurity scattering. We find that the screening anomaly at q = 2 k F , also responsible for Friedel oscillations, leads at low electron densities to a large change in the thermoelectric coefficient for the thermopower. Content Type Journal Article Pages 446-450 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180044 Authors V. T. Dolgopolov, Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432 Russia A. Gold, Centre d’Elaboration de Materiaux et d’Etudes Structures (CEMES/CNRS), 31055 Toulouse, France Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    The formation of dislocation-rich and dislocation-free silicon islands during growth in the absence of mechanical stresses has been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. The rounded shape of islands obtained at growth temperatures of 400–500°C on the oxidized Si(111) surface is associated with the presence of dislocations within them. The transfer of atoms from the oxidized surface to the islands occurs due to the barrier of the potential energy at the SiO 2 /Si boundary. The {111} and {311} facets dominate in the shape of the islands grown at 500–550°C. Their appearance indicates the absence of the threading dislocations in the islands and that the growth is limited by the stage of the nucleation of a new atomic layer. Content Type Journal Article Pages 442-445 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180147 Authors A. A. Shklyaev, Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia K. N. Romanyuk, Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia A. V. Latyshev, Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia A. V. Arzhannikov, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    Magnetotransport in structures based on NbSe 3 , Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + x , and graphite has been examined. The stimulation of the charge density wave gap by a high magnetic field in NbSe 3 has been detected and studied using interlayer tunneling spectroscopy. It has been shown that this stimulation is of orbital character and the effect of the Zeeman splitting of the ground state of the charge density wave on this stimulation has been analyzed. The second harmonic of the gap singularity of the charge density wave in tunneling spectra, which is associated with the cascade relaxation of quasiparticles with the excess energy 2Δ. The effects caused by the interaction between Josephson vortices and Abrikosov vortex filaments have been studied on Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + x mesas. Studies of the magnetoresistance of thin graphite with nanoholes reveal a significant contribution to the magnetotransport from Dirac fermions and provide experimental evidence of the existence of edge states around nanoholes. Content Type Journal Article Pages 481-489 DOI 10.1134/S002136401118007X Authors Yu. I. Latyshev, Kotel’nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, 125009 Russia A. P. Orlov, Kotel’nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, 125009 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    Recent development of tissue engineering techniques allows creating and maintaining almost indefinitely networks of excitable cells with desired architecture. We coupled the network of live excitable cardiac cells with a common computer by sensitizing them to light, projecting a light pattern on the layer of cells, and monitoring excitation with the aid of fluorescent probes (optical mapping). As a sensitizing substance we used azobenzene trimethylammonium bromide (AzoTAB). This substance undergoes cis-trans -photoisomerization and trans -isomer of AzoTAB inhibits excitation in the cardiac cells, while cis -isomer does not. AzoTAB-mediated sensitization allows, thus, reversible and dynamic control of the excitation waves through the entire cardiomyocyte network either uniformly, or in a preferred spatial pattern. Technically, it was achieved by coupling a common digital projector with a macroview microscope and using computer graphic software for creating the projected pattern of conducting pathways. This approach allows real time interactive photocontrol of the heart tissue. Content Type Journal Article Pages 477-480 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180056 Authors I. S. Erofeev, Research and Education Center Bionanophysics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow region, 141700 Russia N. Magome, Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan K. I. Agladze, Research and Education Center Bionanophysics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow region, 141700 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    The effect of linearly polarized laser radiation on the rate of the capture of atomic electrons by nuclei has been investigated. The allowed capture of s -state bound electrons from (inner) K , L , and M shells can only be weakened by the external electric field due to the shift of the maximum of the wavefunction of the bound electron with respect to the nucleus; at the same time, the wavefunctions of electrons in states with a nonzero orbital angular momentum on the nucleus can increase. The probability of various forbidden unique electron captures involving these states increases correspondingly. The problem has been examined in the simple Slater approximation. The calculations indicate that laser fields with the amplitude larger than the atomic value can significantly accelerate the first forbidden capture of p electrons, whereas laser fields with the amplitude smaller than the atomic value can significantly accelerate the second forbidden capture of d electrons. Content Type Journal Article Pages 425-430 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180135 Authors M. Yu. Romanovskii, Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    We studied the dielectric properties of nano-sized liquid water samples confined in polymerized silicates MCM-41 characterized by pore sizes 3–10 nm. Freezing temperature suppression in nanopores helps keep the water samples in liquid form at temperatures well below 0°C and thus effectively study the properties of supercooled liquid water. We report the first direct measurements of the dielectric constant by the dielectric spectroscopy method and demonstrate very clear signatures of the second-order phase transition of ferroelectric nature at temperatures next to the λ-point in the supercooled bulk water in full agreement with the recently developed model of the polar liquid. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 401-405 DOI 10.1134/S002136401117005X Authors P. O. Fedichev, Quantum Pharmaceuticals, Moscow, 125171 Russia L. I. Menshikov, National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, 123182 Russia G. S. Bordonskiy, Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chita, 672000 Russia A. O. Orlov, Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chita, 672000 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    The high-speed detection of impact-induced cracks in samples of materials that differ strongly in their degree of homogeneity (fused quartz and granite) has been performed by the acoustic emission method. The experimental energy distributions of the acoustic emission signals that correspond to the energy distribution in the events of the nucleation, growth, and coalescence of the microcracks have been interpreted in terms of the Tsallis statistics, which has been developed to generalize classical thermodynamics over the case of nonequilibrium systems. This allowed us to estimate the degree of correlation in the process of crack formation and to compare the energy release densities in various materials and at various stages of the impact fracture. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 378-381 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011170152 Authors I. P. Shcherbakov, Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia V. S. Kuksenko, Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia A. E. Chmel, Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 5

Description:    A series of ten pair spectra has been obtained by simultaneously detecting the proton and tritium NMR spectra of the gaseous TH sample, which is an analogue of molecular hydrogen. The numerical processing of the data yields the ratio F (TH)/ F (HT) = 1.066 639 8933(7) of the magnetic moments of tritium and proton in the TH molecule. The relative statistical error of this result is 7 × 10 −10 . To find the nuclear magnetic moment of tritium from F (TH)/ F (HT), it is sufficient to use the previously calculated correction factor δ = (1 + 20.4 × 10 −9 ), which originates from a small asymmetry of the electron cloud of the molecule. Content Type Journal Article Pages 418-421 DOI 10.1134/S002136401118010X Authors Yu. I. Neronov, Mendeleyev All-Russia Research Institute for Metrology, Moskovskii pr. 19, St. Petersburg, 190005 Russia V. S. Aleksandrov, Mendeleyev All-Russia Research Institute for Metrology, Moskovskii pr. 19, St. Petersburg, 190005 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    The inertness of the cleaved (0001) surface of a Bi 2 Se 3 single crystal to oxidation has been demonstrated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as well as atomic-force and scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. No intrinsic bismuth and selenium oxides are formed on the surface after a month of storage in air. Atomically flat surfaces with macroscopic sizes (∼1 cm 2 ) and rms roughness less than 0.1 nm have been prepared, and (1 × 1)-(0001) Bi 2 Se 3 atomic structure has been resolved. The tunneling conductance measurements have shown that the energy dependence of the surface density of states is quasilinear in the band gap of Bi 2 Se 3 . Content Type Journal Article Pages 465-468 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011180159 Authors O. E. Tereshchenko, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 13, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia K. A. Kokh, Joint Institute of Geology, Geophysics, and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskii pr. 3, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia V. V. Atuchin, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 13, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia K. N. Romanyuk, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 13, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia S. V. Makarenko, Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia V. A. Golyashov, Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia A. S. Kozhukhov, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 13, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia I. P. Prosvirin, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 5, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia A. A. Shklyaev, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 13, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 6

Description:    The first moments of the polarized valence parton distribution functions truncated to the wide Bjorken x region 0.004 〈 x 〈 0.7 are directly (without any fitting procedure) extracted in NLO QCD from the combined COMPASS and HERMES semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering data. Applying the proposed original procedure to these results, we estimate the contributions of light sea quarks to the proton spin, which occur just zero within the errors. Content Type Journal Article Category Fields, Particles, and Nuclei Pages 251-254 DOI 10.1134/S002136401116017X Authors O. Yu. Shevchenko, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region, 141980 Russia R. R. Akhunzyanov, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region, 141980 Russia V. Yu. Lavrentyev, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region, 141980 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 4

Description:    The electro-optical detection of terahertz radiation is analyzed theoretically. While a conventional detection scheme of this type is based on the measurement of the phase shift of an optical pulse arising from its interaction with the terahertz field in a nonlinear medium, it is shown that both the phase and amplitude of the optical pulse vary because of this interaction. The amplitude modulation carries information on the dynamics of the amplitude and phase of the terahertz field and can be used to measure these parameters. With this energy-sensitive detection scheme, avoiding all restrictions on the symmetry type of the nonlinear medium is much simpler than with the phase scheme. Variants of the electro-optical detection technique using periodically poled crystals with the lithium-niobate symmetry and crystals with the zincblende structure are considered. It is shown that spectral sensitivities of the methods based on measurements of the phase and amplitude modulations are related as the frequencies of the laser and terahertz fields. Content Type Journal Article Pages 91-96 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011140074 Authors S. P. Kovalev, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia G. Kh. Kitaeva, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 2

Description:    The role of the complete Coulomb interaction matrix in the determination of the magnetic susceptibility of the two-band Hubbard model has been investigated in the dynamical mean-field theory. The off-diagonal component of the U -matrix has been found to reduce the Néel temperature, which agrees with the available experimental data. The magnitude of the effect upon a change in the dimension of the U -matrix is discussed. The results have been compared with the thermodynamic characteristics of an isolated Hubbard atom. Content Type Journal Article Pages 126-128 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011140049 Authors A. E. Antipov, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992 Russia M. S. Aleinikov, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992 Russia V. I. Anisimov, Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. S. Kovalevskoi 18, Yekaterinburg, 620041 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 2

Description:    A magnetic field-induced singlet-to-antiferromagnetic quantum magnetic phase transition has been considered. It has been shown that the phenomenon can be described within an approach similar to the Landau theory of phase transitions. The case of an oblique magnetic field has been studied and the critical field-angle phase diagram has been determined. The phase diagram agrees with the experimental one observed in DTN. Content Type Journal Article Pages 534-538 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011090062 Authors V. M. Kalita, Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, 03028 Ukraine V. M. Loktev, Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, 03680 Ukraine Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 9

Description:    In order to calculate the critical temperature of multilayer S/F structures (where S is a superconductor and F is a ferromagnet), a matrix method for solving linearized Usadel equations has been proposed. The spectrum of critical temperatures T (k) for the F/ N bl (S/F) structure has been obtained in the single-mode approximation. Eigenfunctions describing the spatial distribution of superconducting correlations in the direction perpendicular to the S-F interfaces have been calculated for each T (k) value. It has been found that dependences of T (k) on the thickness of F layers have a jump near the transition from 0 to π-state; any of the calculated T (k) values can be implemented in the region of jumps. It has been shown that the crossover of eigenstates is characterized by the suppression of superconductivity in outer S layers and by induced countercurrents in F layers. The possibility of the experimental implementation of a state corresponding to a given value from the spectrum of T (k) has been discussed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 539-544 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011090086 Authors V. N. Kushnir, Belarus State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, Minsk, 220013 Belarus M. Yu. Kupriyanov, Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 9

Description:    The crystal structure and magnetic properties of Bi 1 − x A x FeO 3 − x /2 (A = Ca, Sr, Pb, Ba), Bi 1 − x A x (Fe 1 − x Ti x )O 3 , and Bi 1 − x A x (Fe 1 − x /2 Nb x /2 )O 3 solid solutions have been studied. It is shown that the homogeneous polar weak ferromagnetic state occurs in the vicinity of a morphotropic phase boundary in the systems where dopant ions lead to the reduction of the unit cell volume in the polar phase. In the case of A = Ca, the non-polar phase also exhibits weak ferromagnetism and the spontaneous magnetizations in the polar and nonpolar phases differ only slightly. Content Type Journal Article Pages 512-516 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011090141 Authors I. O. Troyanchuk, Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 220072 Belarus M. V. Bushinsky, Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 220072 Belarus N. V. Tereshko, Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 220072 Belarus M. I. Kovetskaya, Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, 220072 Belarus Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 9

Description:    Distributions of the conductance G of a long quantum wire with the fractal distribution of barriers have been obtained in the successive incoherent tunneling regime. The asymptotic behavior (in the limit L → ∞) of moments 〈 G k ( L )〉, average power of the shot noise 〈 S ( L )〉, and Fano factor agree with the results of the work [C. W. J. Beenakker et al., Phys. Rev. B 79 , 024204 (2009)], and the distributions themselves describe well the Monte Carlo simulation results. The equation that has been obtained for the distributions of the resistance and conductance agrees with the recent fractional differential generalization of the Dorokhov-Mello-Pereyra-Kumar equation for the quasi-one-dimensional multichannel disordered semiconductors with a self-similar distribution of scatterers. Content Type Journal Article Pages 503-507 DOI 10.1134/S002136401109013X Authors R. T. Sibatov, Department of Theoretical Physics, Ul’yanovsk State University, Ul’yanovsk, 432970 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 9

Description:    We present the result of ab initio modeling of the Ge(111)-(2 × 1) surface electronic structure in the presence of donor doping atom at certain position in the surface bilayer of (2 × 1) reconstruction. We briefly compare these results with the data of experimental low temperature STM investigations. Ab initio calculations demonstrate that doping atom strongly disturbs local electronic structure. The separate state, most probably split off conduction band, appears in the bandgap. Surface LDOS reveals spatial oscillations in vicinity of foreign atom. We also show that the spatial extent of non-negligible inter-atomic interaction between neighboring donor atoms is not less than 70 Å. Content Type Journal Article Pages 521-525 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011090128 Authors S. V. Savinov, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia S. I. Oreshkin, Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia N. S. Maslova, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 9

Description:    Recent experiments indicate that many viruses can move between cells directly via the cell-cell contacts without diffusing through the extracellular environment. We present the first generic kinetic model describing intracellular viral kinetics in combination with this mode of spread of virions. Our Monte Carlo simulations show the specifics of the propagation of the infection front in this case. Content Type Journal Article Pages 551-554 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011090153 Authors V. P. Zhdanov, Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, S-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 9

Description:    The nuclear excitation at electron transition (NEET), induced by X rays, is described on the basis of strict collision theory. All stages of the process are considered, including formation of the hole in the electron K shell, its decay accompanied by excitation of the nucleus, filling of the M-vacancy and subsequent deexcitation of the nucleus. The cross sections for the NEET and photoabsorption of X rays near K-edge are calculated. The results agree with the data of Kishimoto et al. Content Type Journal Article Pages 489-494 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011090050 Authors A. Ya. Dzyublik, Institute for Nuclear Research, Kiev, Ukraine Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 9

Description: Abstrac   A thin film of a second-kind superconductor in a magnetic field parallel to the surface of the film is considered in the London approximation. It has been shown that if bulk pinning is absent and the suppression of super-conductivity by the magnetic field is negligible, the splitting of a vortex chain in the film occurs as a structural phase transition either of the first or second order, depending on the ratio of the thickness of the film d to the penetration depth of the magnetic field λ. The ratio d /λ, and thereby the character of the transition in the vortex lattice, can be changed by varying the temperature. The corresponding critical thicknesses of films and field ranges in which this effect can be observed experimentally have been calculated. Content Type Journal Article Pages 508-511 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011090098 Authors D. A. Luzhbin, Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Vernadskogo 36, Kiev, 03142 Ukraine Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 93 Journal Issue Volume 93, Number 9

Description:    The equation describing the distribution of energy losses of a particle propagating in a fractal medium with quenched and dynamic heterogeneities has been derived. It has been shown that in the case of the medium with fractal dimension 2 〈 D 〈 3, the losses Δ are characterized by the sublinear anomalous dependence Δ ∼ x α with a power-law dependence on the distance x from the surface and exponent α = D − 2. Content Type Journal Article Category Fields, Particles, and Nuclei Pages 255-257 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011160144 Authors S. Panyukov, Division of Theoretical Physics, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, 119991 Russia A. Leonidov, Division of Theoretical Physics, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 4

Description:    We have analyzed experimental conditions for the excitation of absolute parametric decay instabilities accompanying the electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) of plasma at the second harmonic of resonance in tokamaks. It has been shown that, in the case of a nonmonotonic radial profile of the plasma density, when a heating beam passes near the equatorial plane of a tokamak, the parametric excitation of resonances of ion Bernstein waves accompanied by the generation of the backscattered microwave radiation can occur. The threshold of absolute instability thus developed is determined by the dissipation of an ion Bernstein wave and can be exceeded in current experiments on the ECRH of a plasma in tokamaks. Content Type Journal Article Category Plasma, Hydro- and Gas Dynamics Pages 277-281 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011160053 Authors E. Z. Gusakov, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia A. Yu. Popov, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Politekhnicheskaya ul. 26, St. Petersburg, 194021 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 4

Description:    The cross section for inelastic light scattering by a system of spatially indirect excitons is calculated. It is shown that there are two resonant scattering channels, one related to the transitions via the vacuum and the other via the two-exciton states of the crystal, and their contributions to the scattering amplitude cancel each other. As a result, there is no resonance enhancement of light scattering by excitons for photon energies in the vicinity of the band gap. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 315-318 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011160107 Authors V. M. Kovalev, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia A. V. Chaplik, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 4

Description:    The effect of the simultaneous generation of Cherenkov radiation and diffraction radiation in a dielectric target by electrons that pass near it has been experimentally studied. It has been shown that diffraction radiation appears at the upstream edge of the dielectric target, propagates inside the target, and is refracted at the down-stream edge as a beam of real photons. Content Type Journal Article Category Optics and Nuclear Physics Pages 258-261 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011160132 Authors G. A. Naumenko, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia A. P. Potylitsyn, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia M. V. Shevelev, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia Yu. A. Popov, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 4

Description:    The spin transport as the current flows through an impurity in a one-dimensional conductor is analyzed. The interacting electrons are described in terms of the Luttinger liquid theory. Both the Coulomb and short-range interactions are considered; the latter appears when the gate screens the long-range part of the Coulomb potential. The cases of magnetic and nonmagnetic impurities are considered. It has been revealed that, for a magnetic impurity, the electric current flow induces the generation of the spin current, which has direct and alternating components. At low temperatures and voltages, the current can be completely spin-polarized. For a nonmagnetic impurity, the spin current generation is absent. The spin current flowing though the wire affects the current-voltage characteristic for both magnetic and nonmagnetic impurities. The results have been obtained for a rather strong electron-electron interaction. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 319-323 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011160028 Authors S. N. Artemenko, Kotel’nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Mokhovaya 17/78, Moscow, 125009 Russia R. R. Vakhitov, Kotel’nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Mokhovaya 17/78, Moscow, 125009 Russia S. V. Remizov, Kotel’nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Mokhovaya 17/78, Moscow, 125009 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 4

Description:    A family of highly sensitive devices based on a graphene nanobridge and superconducting electrodes has been developed, manufactured, and examined. These devices can be used to create a graphene-based integral receiver. A cold-electron bolometer prototype with superconductor-insulator-normal metal tunnel junctions has been studied. Its response to a change in the temperature and external microwave radiation has been measured. A superconducting quantum interferometer with a graphene strip as a weak coupling between superconducting electrodes has been examined. The corresponding modulation of the voltage by a magnetic field at a given current has been measured. The effect of the gate voltage on the resistance of graphene has been analyzed for these samples. To confirm that graphene is single-layer, measurements with the reference samples were performed in high magnetic fields, displaying the half-integer quantum Hall effect. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 329-332 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011160193 Authors M. Tarasov, Chalmers University of Technology, SE41296 Gothenburg, Sweden N. Lindvall, Chalmers University of Technology, SE41296 Gothenburg, Sweden L. Kuzmin, Chalmers University of Technology, SE41296 Gothenburg, Sweden A. Yurgens, Chalmers University of Technology, SE41296 Gothenburg, Sweden Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 4

Description:    Phase transitions in the three-dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a layered triangular lattice with the next-nearest neighbor interactions have been studied by the histogram Monte Carlo method. Phase transitions in this model have been studied in the range of the next-nearest neighbor interactions from 0.0 to 1.0. The first-order phase transition has been revealed in the considered interval in the studied model. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 311-314 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011160156 Authors M. K. Ramazanov, Institute of Physics, Dagestan Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Makhachkala, 367003 Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 4

Description:    The normal state resistivity in multiband superconductors has been analyzed in the framework of Eliashberg theory. The results are compared with measurements of the temperature dependence of normal state resistivity of high-purity Ba 0.68 K 0.32 Fe 2 As 2 single crystals with the highest reported transition temperature T c = 38.5 K. The experimental data demonstrate strong deviations from the Bloch-Grüneisen behavior, namely the tendency to saturation of the resistivity at high temperatures. The observed behavior of the resistivity is explained within the two band scenario when the first band is strongly coupled and relatively clean, while the second band is weakly coupled and is characterized by much stronger impurity scattering. Content Type Journal Article Category Condensed Matter Pages 333-337 DOI 10.1134/S0021364011160041 Authors A. A. Golubov, Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands O. V. Dolgov, Max-Planck-Institut fur Festkorperforschung, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany A. V. Boris, Max-Planck-Institut fur Festkorperforschung, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany A. Charnukha, Max-Planck-Institut fur Festkorperforschung, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany D. L. Sun, Max-Planck-Institut fur Festkorperforschung, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany C. T. Lin, Max-Planck-Institut fur Festkorperforschung, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany A. F. Shevchun, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia A. V. Korobenko, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia M. R. Trunin, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia V. N. Zverev, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia Journal JETP Letters Online ISSN 1090-6487 Print ISSN 0021-3640 Journal Volume Volume 94 Journal Issue Volume 94, Number 4