ALBERT

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Jorge Rapp, Alicia Herrera, Ico Martinez, Eugenio Raymond, Ángelo Santana, May Gómez〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Louise Champoux, Jean-François Rail, Magali Houde, Maeva Giraudo, Émilie Lacaze, Cynthia D. Franci, Graham D. Fairhurst, Keith A. Hobson, Pauline Brousseau, Magella Guillemette, David Pelletier, William A. Montevecchi, Stéphane Lair, Jonathan Verreault, Catherine Soos〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yaoyao Zhan, Dongyao Cui, Dongfei Xing, Jun Zhang, Weijie Zhang, Yingying Li, Cong Li, Yaqing Chang〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Wenjie Li, Hoi-Shing Lo, Ho-Man Wong, Man Zhou, Chun-Yuen Wong, Nora Fung-Yee Tam, Siu-Gin Cheung〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Aws Alghunaim, Takahiro Yamamoto, Rakhesh Madhusoodhanan, Igor Polikarpov, Weizhong Chen, Turki Al-Said, Waleed Al-Zekri, Yousef Alenezi, Faiza Al-Yamani〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Aimei Zhu, Jihua Liu, Shuqing Qiao, Hui Zhang〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): M.N. Manju, C.S. Ratheesh Kumar, P. Resmi, T.R. Gireeshkumar, Manju Mary Joseph, P.M. Salas, N. Chandramohanakumar〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Brian S. Dorr, Paul D. Mathewson, Katie C. Hanson-Dorr, Katherine A. Healy, Katherine E. Horak, Warren Porter〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Toxic effects of heavy oiling to wildlife are well known from oil spills, although sublethal oil exposure effects are poorly understood. We used Niche Mapper™, to compute spatially and temporally specific energetic and behavioral impacts of repeated sublethal oil exposure to double-crested cormorants (〈em〉Phalacrocorax auritus〈/em〉). During winter (October–March) cormorants exposed to 13 g, 39 g, and 65–78 g of oil, had on average a 31%, 59%, and 76% predicted increase in total resting energetic requirements (RMR) compared to unoiled birds, respectively. Increased RMR resulted in a mean (±SD) predicted increase in time spent foraging of 36 (±13) min·d〈sup〉−〈/sup〉〈sup〉1〈/sup〉. During the breeding season (April–September), cormorants had on average a 29%, 57% and 73% increase in total RMR and the mean predicted increase in time spent foraging was 131 (±49) min·d〈sup〉−〈/sup〉〈sup〉1〈/sup〉. Thermoregulatory effects of sublethal oil exposure may cause greater impacts to bird populations than is currently understood.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Chao Peng, Yun Tang, Hong Yang, Yan He, Yan Liu, Dan Liu, Yongming Qian, Lu Lu〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Marine microorganisms play an irreplaceable role in removing spilled oil. Zhoushan archipelago has one of the busiest ports and oil stockpiles in China. However, little is known about which and how fast oil-degrading microorganisms could biodegrade spilled oil here. By combining 〈sup〉14〈/sup〉C-/〈sup〉3〈/sup〉H-based radiotracer assays and MiSeq sequencing, we report the successive pattern of microbial oil-degrading activities and community compositions. The biodegradation rates of alkanes and PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) were significantly stimulated by oil addition, and reached their maximum after incubation for 3 and 7 days, respectively. Meanwhile, the abundances of 〈em〉alkB〈/em〉 and 〈em〉phnA〈/em〉c genes increased and the bacterial communities continuously shifted. Potential oil-degrading bacteria 〈em〉Alcanivorax〈/em〉, 〈em〉Erythrobacter〈/em〉 were the dominant degraders by day 3, whereas the dominant degraders shifted to 〈em〉C1-B045〈/em〉, 〈em〉Alteromonas〈/em〉, 〈em〉Pseudohongiella〈/em〉 in the later period. These results provide valuable insights into the cooperative system of the versatile oil-degrading bacteria in successively biodegrading complex oil hydrocarbons in oil spills.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Jingxi Li, Chengjun Sun, Letian Zhang, Jinfeng Ding, Fenghua Jiang, Zongxing Wang, Zhangyi Wang, Liang Fu〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The distribution characteristics, correlation, and bioavailability of 14 trace elements in different fishes and corals collected from the coral-reef systems of the Xisha Islands, China were systematic studied for the first time. All detected elements were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after pretreatment by microwave digestion. The fishes had slight differences in element enrichment selectivity and bioavailability with average levels as follows: V, 0.100 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; Cr, 0.683 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; Mn, 1.178 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; Fe, 51.806 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; Co, 0.072 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; Ni, 1.286 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; Cu, 1.428 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; Zn, 10.384 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; As, 6.437 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; Se, 0.830 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; Mo, 0.101 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; Cd, 0.051 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; Pb, 0.308 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉; and U, 0.008 mg·kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉. Trace element contents in corals were higher than those in fishes. The distribution characteristics of trace elements in fishes and corals presented a significant correlation in North Reef and Yongle Atoll, thereby indicating an evident effect on living areas compared with trace elements in fishes from the Spratly Islands. Cluster analysis of fishes and corals based on trace elements showed that they had different selectivities and bioavailabilities to trace elements. The EDI and THQ ratios of Cu, As, Cd, Cr, and Pb demonstrated that fishes were unlikely to experience serious adverse effects, except for As in 〈em〉Chaetodon auriga〈/em〉, 〈em〉Myripristis kuntee〈/em〉, 〈em〉Gnathodentex aureolineatus〈/em〉, and 〈em〉Hemigymnus melapterus〈/em〉 in Xisha Islands.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): J. Tempesti, J. Langeneck, F. Maltagliati, A. Castelli〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Macrozoobenthic fouling assemblages were studied in the port area of Livorno, focusing on the occurrence of non-indigenous species (NIS). Sampling was carried out at ten sites characterised by different anthropic impacts related to their use destination. Among the 262 species identified, twenty-six were alien or cryptogenic, seventeen of which were new records for the study area, confirming the role of the port of Livorno as a hotspot of NIS introduction. Multivariate analyses highlighted a strong influence of the use destination on the diversity of macrozoobenthic communities. Even though the majority of transoceanic maritime traffic from and to Livorno pertains to the commercial harbour, the touristic harbour hosted the highest number of NIS, possibly because of secondary spread from other Mediterranean ports. The ALien Biotic IndEX (ALEX) identified all sites as high or good environmental status, but the large number of NIS detected suggests caution about their impact and further spread.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Francisco Ruiz, Joaquín Rodríguez Vidal, Luis Miguel Cáceres, Manuel Olías, María Luz González-Regalado, Juan Manuel Campos, Javier Bermejo, Manuel Abad, Tatiana Izquierdo, María Isabel Carretero, Manuel Pozo, Guadalupe Monge, Josep Tosquella, Maria Isabel Prudencio, Maria Isabel Dias, Rosa Marques, Paula Gómez, Antonio Toscano, Verónica Romero〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Estuaries are very sensitive ecosystems to human activities and the natural evolution of their drainage basins located upstream. Pollution derived from human activities, such as historical mining or recent industrial wastes, can significantly affect their environmental quality. This paper analyzes the silver and copper contents of four cores extracted in two estuaries of SW Spain. Its chronology and vertical evolution allow to differentiate the effects of several pollution episodes (natural, Roman, 19th-20th centuries) on its different sedimentary environments in the last 6 million years. Possible future applications are included in the fields of environmental management or even education.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X19308604-ga1.jpg" width="177" alt="Image 1" title="Image 1"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Rolando O. Santos, Galia Varona, Christian L. Avila, Diego Lirman, Ligia Collado-Vides〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Macroalgal blooms are becoming an increasing problem in coastal regions worldwide and have been associated with a widespread decline of seagrass habitats. It is critical to measure macroalgal bloom (MB) impacts at broad spatial scales since seagrass seascape characteristics can influence feedback processes that regulate the resilience of seagrass ecosystems. We assessed the broad-scale spatial impacts of an MB formed by 〈em〉Anadyomene〈/em〉 spp. on the seagrass seascapes in Biscayne Bay (Miami, US) using a multi-scale seascape approach. By integrating field and remote sensing data, our multi-scale approach showed significant reductions in seagrass foliage cover and a seascape structure transformation across the bloom extent. The landscape cover and patch extensiveness declined after the MB peak. Other spatial pattern metrics also showed that the seagrass seascape structure got fragmented. We demonstrated that a persistent MB could transform the structure of seagrass seascapes, hindering the resilience of seagrass habitats.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Fadi Yaghmour, Aisha S. Al Marashda〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The proliferation and dispersion of marine debris results with various, often harmful, interactions with marine fauna. One such interaction, that is poorly investigated, is the incorporation of marine debris into the nests of seabirds, which at times results in hatchling entanglement. The objective of this study is to investigate the qualitative and quantitative aspects of marine debris used in the construction of the nests of sooty gulls 〈em〉Larus〈/em〉 (〈em〉Adelarus〈/em〉) 〈em〉hemprichii〈/em〉 (Bruch, 1853) from Sir Bu Na’ir Island, United Arab Emirates. The numeric and gravimetric proportions of debris were documented following classification of type, color and presumed source. The results show that 11.2% of the 258 active nests examined contained debris. On average, nests included 2.0 ± 0.4 items of 6.1 ± 1.9 g mass. Non-plastic rubbish, particularly metals and glass, were the predominant debris utilized. The results reflect that sooty gulls frequently use anthropogenic debris as nesting materials in Sir Bu Na’ir Island.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Linsey E. Haram, James T. Carlton, Gregory M. Ruiz, Nikolai A. Maximenko〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉As plastic pollution in the environment has increased rapidly in the last half century, so too has the study of the effects of plastic on marine, aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. From this research, a series of new terms has emerged to describe the phenomena unique to the presence of plastic-based materials in nature. In this short note, we bring together disparate neologisms into a single lexicon with the aim to encourage use of a unified vocabulary to describe the new reality of ecological, chemical, and geological systems in the age of plastics.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Rachel E. Moore, B. Cherie Millar, John E. Moore〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉This study examined the carriage of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from Food-related Marine Macroplastic Litter (FRMMPL) around the coastline of Northern Ireland. FRMMPL was collected from 18 coastal sites during November/December 2018 and the bacteria from the surface of the plastic examined for their susceptibility to 10 common human antibiotics. Ten bacterial genera and 13 species were identified from the plastic materials. Bacteria isolated from plastic material were most resistant to the beta-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin, ceftazidime and cefpodoxime) (98.1% resistant) and least resistant to the tetracycline group, minocycline (16.1% resistant). This study is significant as it highlights a new potential route of dispersal of such antibiotic-resistance in the environment, which may act as carriers of such bacteria by introducing them into new marine ecosystems, as well as potential pathways having impacts on animal and human health, until their final interaction with the human foodchain.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X19308586-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Image 1" title="Image 1"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Feiyang Chen, Yanling Zheng, Lijun Hou, Jie Zhou, Guoyu Yin, Min Liu〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) and associated microbial diversity and abundance in the marsh sediments of Chongming eastern intertidal flat, the Yangtze Estuary, were investigated using carbon-isotope tracing and molecular techniques. Co-existence of nitrate-DAMO archaea and nitrite-DAMO bacteria was evidenced, with higher biodiversity of DAMO archaea than DAMO bacteria. Abundance of DAMO archaeal 〈em〉mcrA〈/em〉 gene and DAMO bacterial 〈em〉pmoA〈/em〉 gene ranged from 4.2 × 10〈sup〉3〈/sup〉 to 3.9 × 10〈sup〉10〈/sup〉 copies g〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 and from 4.5 × 10〈sup〉5〈/sup〉 to 6.4 × 10〈sup〉6〈/sup〉 copies g〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉, respectively. High DAMO potential was detected, ranging from 0.6 to 46.7 nmol 〈sup〉13〈/sup〉CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 g〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 day〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 for nitrate-DAMO and from 1.3 to 39.9 nmol 〈sup〉13〈/sup〉CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 g〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 day〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 for nitrite-DAMO. In addition to playing an important role as a CH〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 sink, DAMO bacteria also removed a substantial amount of reactive nitrogen (29.4 nmol N g〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 day〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉) from the intertidal sediments. Overall, these results indicate the importance of DAMO bioprocess as methane and nitrate sinks in intertidal marshes.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X19308379-fx1.jpg" width="363" alt="Image 1" title="Image 1"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Alexa J. Goodman, Tony R. Walker, Craig J. Brown, Brittany R. Wilson, Vicki Gazzola, Jessica A. Sameoto〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Marine debris, particularly plastic and abandoned, lost and discarded fishing gear, is ubiquitous in marine environments. This study provides the first quantitative and qualitative assessment of benthic debris using seafloor video collected from a drop camera system in the Bay of Fundy, Eastern Canada. An estimated 137 debris items km〈sup〉−2〈/sup〉 of seafloor were counted, comprising of plastic (51%), fishing gear (including plastic categories; 28%) and other (cable, metal, tires; 21%). Debris was widespread, but mainly located nearshore (within 9 km) and on the periphery of areas with high fishing intensity. This baseline benthic marine debris characterization and estimate of abundance provides valuable information for government (municipal, provincial and federal) and for other stakeholders to implement management strategies to reduce plastic and other categories of benthic marine pollution at source. Strategies may include limiting plastic use and reducing illegal dumping through improved education among fishers.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X19308781-ga1.jpg" width="473" alt="Unlabelled Image" title="Unlabelled Image"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Alexey M. Trukhin, Margarita D. Boyarova〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In 2014–2019, a total of 31 blubber samples were collected from spotted seals (〈em〉Phoca largha〈/em〉) in the western Sea of Japan. The samples were analyzed by gas chromatography to determine level of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). The concentration of hexachlorocyclohexane and its isomers (∑HCH) ranged from 389 to 50,070 ng/g lipid weght; the concentration of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (∑DDT), ranged from 62,720 to 1,110,930 ng/g lipid wt. Transfer of HCH and DDT from mother to pup during pregnancy and lactation was documented. The OCP concentration in blubber of spotted seals from the western Sea of Japan is one to two orders of magnitude higher than in spotted seals inhabiting waters off the Japan coast. Organochlorines detected in the western Sea of Japan likely come from some countries of Southeast Asia still using OCPs in the agriculture sector.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Steffen Hackbusch, Nuttapol Noirungsee, Juan Viamonte, Xiaoxu Sun, Paul Bubenheim, Joel E. Kostka, Rudolf Müller, Andreas Liese〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉A new 〈em〉Rhodococcus〈/em〉 strain, capable of degrading crude oil, was isolated from the Gulf of Mexico deep-sea sediment and was investigated for its biodegradation characteristics under atmospheric as well as under deep-sea pressure (1500 m = 15 MPa). Additionally, the effect of dispersant (Corexit EC9500A) addition was studied. 〈em〉Rhodococcus sp.〈/em〉 PC20 was shown to degrade 60.5 ± 10.7% of the saturated and aromatic fraction of crude oil at atmospheric pressure and 74.2 ± 9.1% at deep-sea level pressure within 96 h. Degradation rates, especially for monoaromatic hydrocarbons, were significantly higher at elevated pressure compared to atmospheric pressure. This study found a growth inhibiting effect at a dispersant to oil ratio of 1:100 and higher. This effect of the dispersant was enhanced when elevated pressure was applied.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Xiao Wang, Liuqingqing Liu, Hao Zheng, Mingxin Wang, Yuanxin Fu, Xianxiang Luo, Fengmin Li, Zhenyu Wang〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Growing evidences revealed the deleterious impacts of microplastics (MPs) on marine organisms. However, the effects of MPs on the movement behavior of marine crustacean is poorly understood. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the physiological and behavioral responses of mysid shrimp (〈em〉Neomysis japonica〈/em〉) larvae to polystyrene (PS) and carboxylated polystyrene (PS–COOH). PS-COOH presented a greater physiological toxicity to shrimp larvae compared to PS, causing significant lethal and growth inhibition effect, owing to bioaccumulation of MPs inside stomach. Both two MPs decreased the feeding efficiency of larvae, showing weakened predation competence. Moreover, reduced hunting and/or explorative ability of shrimps caused by MPs was also identified, which was evidenced by an overall decrease in swimming activity, range and frequency after exposure. Our study firstly highlighted that micron-sized polystyrene particles had the negative effects on the movement behavior of mysid shrimp larvae, thus posing potential hazard to population dynamics and ecological function of marine crustacean.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X19308082-fx1.jpg" width="358" alt="Image 1" title="Image 1"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Bryony L Townhill, Jeremy Hills, Peter A Murray, Keith Nichols, Paddy Pringle, Paul Buckley〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The scientific literature on marine and coastal climate change has proliferated in recent decades. Translating and communicating this evidence in a timely, and accessible manner, is critical to support adaptation, but little is being done to summarise the latest science for decision makers. For Small Island Developing States (SIDS), which are highly vulnerable to marine and coastal climate change impacts, there is an urgent need to make the latest science readily available to inform national policy, leverage climate funding and highlight their vulnerability for international reports and climate negotiations. Climate change report cards are a proven successful way of presenting climate change information in an easily accessible and informative manner. Here we compare the development of marine climate change report cards for Caribbean and Pacific Commonwealth SIDS as a means of translating the latest science for decision makers. Regional engagement, priority issues and lessons learnt in these regions are compared, and future opportunities identified.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Corrado Battisti〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉This note reports data about a heterogeneous assemblage of anthropogenic litter recorded in 307 nesting and roosting sites of Yellow-legged Gull (〈em〉Larus michahellis〈/em〉) from a small Mediterranean island. I obtained items of anthropogenic litter on 〉 30% on the total, with plastic, glass and paper the significantly more abundant litter categories. Litter items were found in the nests mainly as a dry remnant in the regurgitated pellets. Fragments of expanded polystyrene (EPS) with peck marks were also recorded, these last transported to the nests because of their resemblance to the cuttlebones of the 〈em〉Sepia〈/em〉 cuttlefish. Ingestion of this litter and the pecking on EPS can negatively impact on seabirds. Moreover, the presence of this litter highlights a transport of polluting material even at considerable distance from anthropized areas. Finally, the presence of scavenger species (an endemic lizard and terrestrial molluscs) feeding on food remains could suggest an assimilation of litter into the trophic webs.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X19308380-fx1.jpg" width="266" alt="Image 1" title="Image 1"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Cecilia Conaco, Patrick C. Cabaitan〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Recurrent thermal stress events and intensified precipitation alter the ocean environment resulting in the decline of coral populations. However, the influence of these changes on larval survival and settlement is not well understood. We examined the effect of salinity (15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 ppt) and temperature (27 °C, 30 °C, and 33 °C) on settlement and survival of larvae of the octocoral, 〈em〉Heliopora coerulea〈/em〉. Larvae settled successfully at salinities from 25 to 30 ppt. On the other hand, larval survival and settlement decreased with increasing temperature. A combination of 25–35 ppt and 27–30 °C resulted in highest survival and settlement. These results indicate that early life stages of 〈em〉H. coerulea〈/em〉 are negatively impacted by thermal stress but may be able to survive at reduced salinity. The wider tolerance range of 〈em〉H. coerulea〈/em〉 larvae compared to most scleractinian larvae may thus contribute to the success of this coral on disturbed reef ecosystems.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Asli Numanoglu Genc, Nilufer Vural, Lale Balas〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In this study, transport and possible accumulation of microplastic marine litter in enclosed coastal waters are modeled numerically. The model is applied to the Fethiye Inner Bay, located in Fethiye-Göcek Specially Protected Area. In modeling studies, three dimensional coastal hydrodynamics, transport and water quality numerical model HYDROTAM-3D was used. The current climate was prepared by modeling long-term circulation patterns due to wind, wave and density stratifications. Following the hydrodynamic studies, the advection and diffusion of 3 mm size polystyrene particles by the coastal currents in the surface waters of Fethiye Inner Bay were simulated. The coastal regions where the microplastic pollution will be concentrated and transported were determined by the modeling scenarios. It has been found that microplastic accumulation is expected in the southwest and east coastal waters of the Fethiye Inner Bay. The results of the model will contribute to the databases for sustainable protection of the marine environments.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Diana M. Villagran, Daniela M. Truchet, Natalia S. Buzzi, Ana D. Forero Lopez, Melisa D. Fernández Severini〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Growing evidence has demonstrated that microplastics (MPs) are available for a wide range of marine organisms, with filter-feeding bivalves and crabs being especially vulnerable. The crab 〈em〉Neohelice granulata〈/em〉 is considered a key and structuring species in the Bahía Blanca Estuary (BBE) (SW Atlantic) and its ecological role makes this species especially vulnerable to several pollutants. In this study, male specimens of 〈em〉N. granulata〈/em〉 and water samples were collected at three sites in the BBE for the presence of MPs. Different types of MPs were found in all the crabs and the water column samples, although the most frequent were fibers 〈500–1500 μm, mainly blue. This is the first study to identify MPs in the gills and digestive tract of 〈em〉N. granulata.〈/em〉 Moreover, gills presented higher total abundances of MPs than the digestive tract, which suggests that in this case the main uptake of MPs would be by adherence to the gills.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Daniel W. Amato, Robert B. Whittier, Henrietta Dulai, Celia M. Smith〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Previous studies indicate coastlines are at risk of wastewater contamination from injection wells, cesspools, and septic systems. In this study, common marine algae were used to ground-truth modeled loading of wastewater-derived N to coastlines of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi. Macroalgae were collected and/or deployed at 118 sites and analyzed for tissue δ〈sup〉15〈/sup〉N and N %. Wastewater source locations were used to estimate wastewater-derived N in groundwater with the modeling software MT3DMS/MODFLOW. Algal bioassays identified six coastal regions subjected to elevated wastewater-derived N loading. In a case study, submarine groundwater discharge (estimated by 〈sup〉222〈/sup〉Rn mass balance) was related to wastewater loading from onsite sewage disposal systems (OSDS) and municipal wastewater injection wells in Waimānalo. The highest 〈sup〉222〈/sup〉Rn-derived SGD rate and N flux were 21.4 m〈sup〉3〈/sup〉/m/d and 62.6 g/m/d, respectively. The results of this study suggest that OSDS and injection wells discharge substantial volumes of wastewater and N across broad regions of coastal Oʻahu.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Paul Frogner-Kockum, Mikhail Kononets, Anna Apler, Per O.J. Hall, Ian Snowball〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Deposits of fibrous sediment, which include fiberbanks and fiber-rich sediments, are known to exist on the Swedish seafloor adjacent to coastally located former pulp and paper industries. These deposits contain concentrations of hazardous substances that exceed national background levels and contravene national environmental quality objectives (EQOs). In this study of metal fluxes from fibrous sediments using benthic flux chamber measurements (BFC) in situ we obtained detected fluxes of Co, Mo, Ni and Zn, but no fluxes of Pb, Hg and Cr. The absence of fluxes of some of the analyzed metals indicates particle bound transport of Pb, Cr and Hg from fiberbanks even though Hg might become methylated under anoxic conditions and, in that case, may enter the food chain. We found less metal fluxes than expected and thus emphasize the importance of in-situ flux measurements as a compliment to sediment metal concentrations within risk assessments of contaminated sediments.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Bo Yang, Xuelu Gao, Jianmin Zhao, Yuxi Lu, Tianci Gao〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Fourteen field cruises were carried out in a mariculture region of the northern Shandong Peninsula, North Yellow Sea, China from 2016 to 2017 for a better understanding of the biogeochemical behaviors, sources and export of dissolved inorganic nutrients. The spatial variations of nutrients were not obvious due to the influence of complex hydrological and biochemical conditions. Potential nutritional level was characterized in oligotrophy, and trophic status was rated at medium level. A preliminary estimation of nutrient budgets demonstrated that the dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) load was mainly from atmospheric deposition and scallop excretion, accounting for 56.9% and 35.6% of its total influx. Scallop excretion and sediment release were the major source of phosphate (DIP), contributing to 25.2% and 44.3%, while dissolved silicon (DSi) was mainly from sediment release, accounting for 94.2%. In addition, about 136.7 × 10〈sup〉3〈/sup〉, 7.3 × 10〈sup〉3〈/sup〉 and 485.5 × 10〈sup〉3〈/sup〉 mol km〈sup〉−2〈/sup〉 yr〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 of DIN, DIP and DSi could be converted into other forms, e.g. organic and particulate matter and gas species.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Tatiane Martins Garcia, Carolina Coelho Campos, Erika Maria Targino Mota, Nívia Maria Oliveira Santos, Renata Pollyana de Santana Campelo, Luana Catherine Gomes Prado, Mauro Melo Junior, Marcelo de Oliveira Soares〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉We provide a baseline assessment of the density and types of microplastics in the western equatorial Atlantic. The highest microplastics density was found in coastal stations near urbanized sites, large tropical estuaries, and fishing grounds. With regard to microplastics composition, most of the identified particles were fibers/filaments, styrofoam, hard and soft plastic, paint, and glass/acrylic. Fibers/filaments were the most abundant (~80%) and occurred at all stations, in both types of mesh nets. Hard plastic particles were frequent (78%) only in the 120 μm mesh net. The mean density recorded in the 120 μm mesh net was about seven times greater than that in the 300 μm mesh net, suggesting that the larger mesh size net did not lead to an accurate description of microplastics density in the pelagic environment or the degree of risk to which organisms are exposed.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X19308616-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Image 1" title="Image 1"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Richard J. Pruell, Bryan K. Taplin, Autumn J. Oczkowski, Jason S. Grear, Wilson G. Mendoza, Adam R. Pimenta, Alana R. Hanson, Kenneth M. Miller〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉An experiment was conducted to examine the fractionation of nitrogen stable isotopes in a continuous culture system containing field collected estuarine phytoplankton and blue mussels, 〈em〉Mytilus edulis〈/em〉. Nitrate and phosphate were added to culture vessels at concentrations above ambient levels and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ〈sup〉15〈/sup〉N) were measured in particulate matter (PM) and blue mussels over the course of the 15-day experiment. The added nutrients resulted in large productivity and chlorophyll increases in the system. Study results indicate that rapid and significant nitrogen isotope fractionation can occur during incorporation by phytoplankton grown under conditions of excess dissolved inorganic nitrogen, as shown by δ〈sup〉15〈/sup〉N values depleted by as much as 9‰ in PM from the higher nutrient treatments. These lower δ〈sup〉15〈/sup〉N values were also reflected in mussels exposed to culture vessels effluents. Therefore, nitrogen concentration needs to be considered when using δ〈sup〉15〈/sup〉N values in biota as indicators of anthropogenic nitrogen inputs.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Clarissa Keisling, R. Daniel Harris, Julie Blaze, John Coffin, James E. Byers〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Microplastics are an emerging concern for the health of marine ecosystems. In the southeastern US, the filter-feeding Eastern oyster, 〈em〉Crassostrea virginica〈/em〉, is susceptible to microplastic ingestion. We quantified the distribution of microplastics within adult oysters (harvestable size 〉7.5 cm) from 28 reefs throughout a rural estuary with limited riverine inputs (St. Catherines Sound, Georgia). To determine which variables best predict microplastic concentration in oysters, we also quantified oyster recruitment, distance to ocean, fetch, and water body width. Oysters averaged 0.72 microplastic particles per individual (0.18 particles per gram wet mass); microfragments and microplastics were equally abundant. Although microplastic concentrations were low, multivariate models identified a positive effect of water body width on the site-level concentration of plastic microfibers; average microfragment length was affected by fetch. Our work informs a growing understanding of microplastic distribution in coastal estuaries, providing an important rural contrast to the urbanized estuaries that have been examined.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Paolo Vassallo, Chiara Paoli, Stefano Aliani, Silvia Cocito, Carla Morri, Carlo Nike Bianchi〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Understanding which drivers cause diversity patterns is a key issue in conservation. Here we applied a spatially explicit model to predict marine benthic diversity patterns according to environmental factors in the NW Mediterranean Sea. While most conservation-oriented diversity studies consider species richness only and neglect equitability, we measured separately species richness, equitability, and ‘overall’ diversity (i.e., the Shannon-Wiener H′ function) on a dataset of 890 benthic species × 209 samples. Diversity values were predicted by means of Random Forest regression, on the basis of 10 factors: depth, distance from the coast, distance from the shelf break, latitude, sea-floor slope, sediment grain size, sediment sorting, distance from harbours and marinas, distance from rivers, and sampling gear. Predictions by Random Forests were accurate, the main predictors being latitude, sediment grain size, depth and distance from the coast. Based on predicted values, diversity hotspots were identified as those localities where indices were in the 15% top segment of ranked values. Only a minority of the diversity hotspots was included within the boundaries of the protection institutes established in the region. Marine protected areas are often created in sites harbouring important coastal habitats, which risks neglecting the diversity hidden in the sedimentary seafloor. We suggest that marine protected areas should accommodate portions of sedimentary habitat within their boundaries to improve diversity conservation.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yuan Yuan, Ting Sun, Huijuan Wang, Yafeng Liu, Ye Pan, Yujing Xie, Honghui Huang, Zhengqiu Fan〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Bivalves are one of the key components of the biogeochemical cycle in the marine system, and respond to heavy metal (HM) sensitively as filter feeders. To determine relationship of HMs in edible bivalve and seawater and HM effects on human health when digesting bivalves, HMs were analyzed in bivalves and seawater. The results showed that the mean HM concentrations in bivalves decreased in the order of Zn 〉 Cu 〉 Cr 〉 Pb 〉 As 〉 Cd 〉 Hg. Generally, all the bioconcentration factor values of bivalves were higher than 100, suggesting that bivalves have a high bioaccumulation ability. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis indicated that all bivalves have a high bioaccumulation capacity for Cu and Zn. It was found that there are health risks associated with consuming bivalves, and children are more vulnerable than adults. Finally, the maximum allowable consumption rates of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk were determined. These results provide the underlying insights needed to guide the consumption of seafood.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X19308732-ga1.jpg" width="388" alt="Unlabelled Image" title="Unlabelled Image"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Gopal Bera, Shawn Doyle, Uta Passow, Manoj Kamalanathan, Terry L. Wade, Jason B. Sylvan, Jose L. Sericano, Gerardo Gold, Antonietta Quigg, Anthony H. Knap〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The water-soluble compounds of oil (e.g. low molecular weight PAHs) dissolve as a function of their physicochemical properties and environmental conditions, while the non-soluble compounds exist as dispersed droplets. Both the chemical and physical form of oil will affect the biological response. We present data from a mesocosm study comparing the microbial response to the water-soluble fraction (WSF), versus a water-accommodated fraction of oil (WAF), which contains both dispersed and dissolved oil components. WAF and WSF contained similar concentrations of low molecular weight PAHs, but concentrations of 4- and 5-ring PAHs were higher in WAF compared to WSF. Microbial communities were significantly different between WSF and WAF treatments, primary productivity was reduced more in WSF than in WAF, and concentrations of transparent exopolymeric particles were highest in WSF and lowest in the controls. These differences highlight the importance of dosing strategy for mesocosm and toxicity tests.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 150〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Huda Aslam, Tarig Ali, Md Maruf Mortula, Atta G. Attaelmanan〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Microplastic contamination in beach sediments along coast of Dubai is un-documented. In this study, microplastic contamination in beach sediments collected from the wrack lines of 16 beaches in Dubai was evaluated. Five samples were collected from each beach along a 100 m stretch using a 0.5 m by 0.5 m, quadrant. The number, color, and shape of microplastics were documented. The polymer types of large fibers and strings were identified through FT-IR analysis. 480 microplastics from each of the 16 beaches were selected to detect heavy metals using XRF analysis. The results showed that the average weight of microplastic is 0.33 mg per gram of dry sediment (or 953 mg·m〈sup〉−2〈/sup〉) and the number of microplastic is 59.71 items per kg of dry sediment (or 165 items·m〈sup〉−2〈/sup〉). Blue and fibrous microplastics were dominant. Polyethylene strings and fibers were abundantly found. 13 heavy metals were identified of which five are priority pollutants.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Kaushik Dowarah, Arunkumar Patchaiyappan, Chinnasamy Thirunavukkarasu, Shanmuganathan Jayakumar, Suja P. Devipriya〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Juanita Rodríguez-Gutiérrez, Felipe Galván-Magaña, Tania Jacobo-Estrada, Laura Arreola-Mendoza, S.B. Sujitha, M.P. Jonathan〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Alfred K. Anim, Kristie Thompson, Godfred O. Duodu, Ben Tscharke, Gavin Birch, Ashantha Goonetilleke, Godwin A. Ayoko, Jochen F. Mueller〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Michele Mistri, Marco Scoponi, Tommaso Granata, Letizia Moruzzi, Francesca Massara, Cristina Munari〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Paolo Cocci, Gilberto Mosconi, Francesco Alessandro Palermo〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Jacquelyn Saturno, Max Liboiron, Justine Ammendolia, Natasha Healey, Elise Earles, Nadia Duman, Ignace Schoot, Tristen Morris, Brett Favaro〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Natália C.F.M. Dantas, Oscar S. Duarte, Wellington C. Ferreira, Alejandro P. Ayala, Carla F. Rezende, Caroline V. Feitosa〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Zhixin Qi, Yue Yu, Xinping Yu, Wenxin Li, Sinan Fu, Deqi Xiong〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Stefania Piarulli, Brecht Vanhove, Paolo Comandini, Sara Scapinello, Tom Moens, Henk Vrielinck, Giorgia Sciutto, Silvia Prati, Rocco Mazzeo, Andy M. Booth, Carl Van Colen, Laura Airoldi〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Sadar Aslam, Malik Wajid Hussain Chan, Ghazala Siddiqui, Grzegorz Boczkaj, Syed Jamil Hasan Kazmi, Mohib Reza Kazmi〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Karen J. Murray, Damian Shea, Paul D. Boehm〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 17 February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): 〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Adriana Gracia C., Nelson Rangel-Buitrago〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Ying Wang, Xinqing Zou, Cong Peng, Shuqing Qiao, Teng Wang, Wenwen Yu, Somkiat Khokiattiwong, Narumol Kornkanitnan〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Hyun-Ki Hong, Kwang-Sik Choi〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Dongfan Tian, Yueqi Wang, Jianwei Xing, Qiqi Sun, Jinming Song, Xuegang Li〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yanyan Yang, Haiyan Wang, Yang Chang, Guokai Yan, Zhaosheng Chu, Zhuanjun Zhao, Li Li, Zewen Li, Tong Wu〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yifan Zheng, Jingxi Li, Wei Cao, Fenghua Jiang, Chang Zhao, Haibing Ding, Menghui Wang, Fenglei Gao, Chengjun Sun〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Megan L. Gillmore, Francesca Gissi, Lisa A. Golding, Jenny L. Stauber, Amanda J. Reichelt-Brushett, Andrea Severati, Craig A. Humphrey, Dianne F. Jolley〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Victoria Gómez, Karla Pozo, Dariela Nuñez, Petra Přibylová, Ondřej Audy, Matteo Baini, Maria Cristina Fossi, Jana Klánová〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Jiaguo Yan, Haochen Sui, Honghui Huang, Xinyan Wang, Dongdong Qiu, Baoshan Cui〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): K.H. Cheng, S.N. Chan, Joseph H.W. Lee〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Fangfang Deng, Feng Lin, Wen Yu, Jianhua He, Fengfeng Wang, Zhaohui Chen〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Jeong-Chae Park, Keita Kodama, Masaaki Oyama, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Yasuhiko Ohta, Atsuko Yamaguchi, Hiroaki Shiraishi, Toshihiro Horiguchi〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: March 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 152〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Tristan Berr, Jeanne Naudet, Cynthia Lagourgue, Kiara Vuibert, Karen Bourgeois, Éric Vidal〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Laura Bretherton, Jessica Hillhouse, Manoj Kamalanathan, Zoe V. Finkel, Andrew J. Irwin, Antonietta Quigg〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Néstor Rey-Villiers, Alberto Sánchez, Hansel Caballero-Aragón, Patricia González-Díaz〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Rafael Almeida Magris, Tommaso Giarrizzo〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Ariadna Mecho, Marco Francescangeli, Gemma Ercilla, Emanuela Fanelli, Ferran Estrada, Javier Valencia, Ignacio Sobrino, Roberto Danovaro, Joan B. Company, Jacopo Aguzzi〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Dongyu Feng, Ben R. Hodges〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Rod M. Connolly, Finnian N. Connolly, Matthew A. Hayes〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Mace G. Barron, Adriana C. Bejarano, Robyn N. Conmy, Devi Sundaravadivelu, Peter Meyer〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 31 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Susan C. Lubetkin〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): James Y. Xie, Yip Hung Yeung, Chun Kit Kwok, Keith Kei, Put Ang, Leo Lai Chan, Chi Chiu Cheang, Wing-kuen Chow, Jian-Wen Qiu〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Dima Merhaby, Baghdad Ouddane, Sopheak Net, Jalal Halwani〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 153〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Gabriel E. Machovsky-Capuska, Ryan Andrades, Robson Guimarães Santos〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Runxia Sun, Juan Yu, Yuhao Liao, Jiemin Chen, Zetao Wu, Bixian Mai〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Mussels (〈em〉Perna viridis〈/em〉) were collected from the northern coast of the South China Sea (NSCS) to investigate the geographical distribution and potential risk of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs). DDTs had concentrations that ranged from 248 ng/g to 4650 ng/g lipid weight (lw), with an average of 807 ± 932 ng/ng lw. A comparison of the levels of DDTs in mussels indicated that the NSCS is still one of the most polluted areas in the world, although a decreasing trend was observed. DDT metabolites were predominant in all samples, suggesting that historical residue was the main source of DDT pollution. However, there were new inputs of DDTs which likely associated with antifouling paints. The human health risk assessment revealed that the current concentrations of DDTs in mussels might pose little health risk for the consumers.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Adriana Neeltje de Vries, Daniel Govoni, Sigurður Halldór Árnason, Pernilla Carlsson〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉This study investigates the frequency of microplastic (MP) ingestion and the relationship between microplastics in the guts of two commercial fish species in Iceland (cod; 〈em〉Gadus morhua〈/em〉 and saithe; 〈em〉Pollachius virens〈/em〉) and the weight, length, gut fullness, and condition index (CI) of the fish. MPs were found in 20.5% of the cod (〈em〉n〈/em〉 = 39) and 17.4% of the saithe (〈em〉n〈/em〉 = 46). There was no significant correlation between gut fullness nor CI and findings of MPs, indicating that, especially in large individuals, MPs are not retained to a large extent, and if so, the CI is most likely not affected. A difference was found in fish length between fish containing plastic and fish without plastics. Further studies such as this must be conducted in all water ecosystems if we are to fully understand the impact that MP's are having at the individual, population, species, and ecosystem levels.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Mohammad Nurul Azim Sikder, Guangjian Xu, Henglong Xu〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉To determine an optimal sampling strategy for collecting samples with an expected taxonomic breadth, a 1-year baseline colonization survey was conducted in Chinese coastal waters using glass slides as an artificial substratum for biofilm-dwelling ciliates. A total of 240 slide samples were collected at a depth of 1 m in a four-season cycle. The taxonomic composition and structure of the ciliate communities differed from spring to winter. The colonization dynamics in taxonomic distinctness showed a significant variability among the four seasons. Expectation tests on the pairs of average taxonomic distinctness indices demonstrated a seasonal variability in taxonomic breadth of the ciliates, with high expectation levels in spring and autumn and low levels in the other two seasons. These findings suggest that there was a significant seasonal variability in taxonomic breadth for colonization surveys of biofilm-dwelling ciliates, and that an optimal sampling strategy should be determined for bioassessment in marine ecosystems.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Thatianne C. Vieira, Ana Paula de C. Rodrigues, Petrus M.G. Amaral, Douglas F.C. de Oliveira, Rodrigo A. Gonçalves, Camila Rodrigues e Silva, Ricardo O. Vasques, Olaf Malm, Emmanoel V. Silva-Filho, José M. de O. Godoy, Wilson Machado, Alejandra Filippo, Edison D. Bidone〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉This study proposes a pro-active approach for evaluations of methylmercury (MeHg), total mercury (THg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in situ bioaccumulation in fish (〈em〉Atherinella brasiliensis〈/em〉) muscles, using specimens from the external sector of Guanabara Bay as a study case. This approach included an hierarchical sequence: analysis of the pollutants concentrations and their comparison to safety criteria; correlations between specimens concentrations vs length (as a proxy of exposure time); projections of concentrations in key lengths (sexual maturation, asymptotic, length limits for fishing and median of fish population) through polynomial regressions, dose-response analysis (Probit), decreasing curves and incorporation rates (using only three length intervals). The incorporation rates were ascending for MeHg and THg (continued bioaccumulation) and descending for As, Pb and Cd (possible biological dilution). The projections were satisfactory, evidencing their use for an improvement on the risks monitoring of fishing and fish consumption by humans in coastal environments.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): John Keogh, Robert Wilkes, Shane O'Boyle〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In assessing the overall status of individual water bodies the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires member states to assess both ecological and chemical status. The ecological status of transitional and coastal (TraC) waters is based on the assessment of specific biological elements as well as supporting chemical, physico-chemical and hydromorphological elements. Hydromorphology of TraC waters is one of the basic features of marine and coastal ecosystems controlling the presence of biota. Human induced hydromorphological alterations and pressures can damage the ecology and functioning of aquatic ecosystems. Thirteen metrics were developed and combined to form a hydromorphological index, the Hydromorphological Quality Index (HQI). The index categorises a water body into 5 classes. Semi-qualitative and quantitative criteria were used to assign a morphological classification directly related to that of the WFD, i.e., high, good, moderate, poor and bad. Thirty-three transitional and coastal water bodies were assessed using HQI.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Somdeep Ghosh, Madhurima Bakshi, Kaushik Gupta, Shouvik Mahanty, Subarna Bhattacharyya, Punarbasu Chaudhuri〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Environmental changes and anthropogenic activities can be linked to altered distribution and abundance of species. However, the ecological impacts of change in the microenvironment have not been well documented. Herein, we have identified the distribution of mangroves and associated species and characterized surface sediment and water samples along the banks of River Hooghly. The application of Combined Mangrove Recognition Index (CMRI) and its validation with the available ground data on satellite image of 2015 indicates that some mangrove species have reclaimed the upper course of the river, which was earlier absent before 1995. This study is the first report on the upstream migration of mangrove species such as 〈em〉Sonneratia caseolaris, Sonneratia apetala, Derris trifoliata, Hibiscus tiliaceus,〈/em〉 and 〈em〉Thespesia populnea〈/em〉 in River Hooghly. The changes in pollution load, varied sedimentation pattern, high chemical oxygen demand, mean sea-level rise, and anthropogenic activity might have played a significant role in the upstream migration of mangroves.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Thajudeen Jabir, Puthiya Veettil Vipindas, Yousuf Jesmi, Sudheesh Valliyodan, Prabhakaran Meethal Parambath, Arvind Singh, Mohamed Hatha Abdulla〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Nitrogen fixation and its ecological regulation are poorly understood in the tropical estuaries, which are highly influenced by anthropogenic disturbances. In this study, we investigated the role of nutrient stoichiometry in the diversity, abundance and activity of N〈sub〉2〈/sub〉-fixing bacterial community and their seasonal variations in the water column of a tropical eutrophic estuary (Cochin estuary). The N〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 fixation rates in the estuary ranged from 0.1 to 2.0 nmol N〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 l〈sup〉−〈/sup〉〈sup〉1〈/sup〉 h〈sup〉−〈/sup〉〈sup〉1〈/sup〉, with higher activity during post-monsoon and lower during monsoon. The rates are appeared to be primarily controlled by dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorous (N:P) ratio. Clone library analysis of nitrogenase (〈em〉nifH〈/em〉) gene revealed that the major N〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 fixing phylotypes belong to Cluster I and Cluster III diazotrophs. The overall findings of this study suggest that monsoon induced seasonal changes in nutrient stoichiometry control the distribution and activity of diazotrophs in a tropical estuary.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Hoi-Shing Lo, Leung-Chun Wong, Shu-Hin Kwok, Yan-Kin Lee, Beverly Hoi-Ki Po, Chun-Yuen Wong, Nora Fung-Yee Tam, Siu-Gin Cheung〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The visual survey is the most common method to quantify and characterize beach litter. However, it is very labor intensive and difficult to carry out on beaches which are remote or difficult to access. We suggest an alternative approach for assessing beach litter using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), or aerial drone, with automated image requisition and processing. Litter of different sizes, colours, and materials were placed randomly on two beaches. Images of beaches with different substrates were obtained by the drone at different operating heights and light conditions and litter on the beaches was identified from the photos by untrained personnel. The quantification of beach litter using the drone was three times faster than that by visual census. This study has demonstrated the potential of using the drone as a cost-effective and an efficient sampling method in routine beach litter monitoring programs.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Zheng Wan, Shaojie Ji, Yati Liu, Qiang Zhang, Jihong Chen, Qin Wang〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Pollutant emissions from ships could increase with expanding international trade and shipping fleet size, posing a severe but often overlooked threat to public health. China houses the three biggest port clusters in the world: the Bohai Bay (BB), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and the Pearl River Delta (PRD) and must combat pollutant emissions. This study examines the emissions of key pollutants (i.e., NO〈sub〉X〈/sub〉, PM〈sub〉10〈/sub〉, PM〈sub〉2.5〈/sub〉, HC, CO, SO〈sub〉X〈/sub〉, CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, NMVOC, and CH〈sub〉4〈/sub〉) utilizing a bottom-up methodology with the aid of automatic identification system data. Our results show that among the three regions studied, ships in the YRD produce the most emissions, accounting for 47.84% of the combined total emissions in 2018. We evaluate the emissions from different ship types, operation modes, and discharge equipment. Container ships account for ~50% of all emissions, which are mainly generated during the cruising phase. Different power sources produce varying levels of pollutants owing to power, load, and discharge variations. In addition, ship emissions have seasonal characteristics, which are reflected by the decline trend recorded in February, July, August, and December. This baseline dataset could aid comparisons with historic or future emission data and help establish regulatory actions to improve air quality.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Soy Kim, Young-Sun Lee, Hyo-Bang Moon〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Due to strong regulation of phthalates, non-phthalate plasticizers (NPPs) have been introduced to the industrial market. In this study, concentrations of 16 phthalates and five NPPs in sediment were measured to investigate the occurrence, potential source, and ecotoxicological implications of these contaminants. Phthalates and NPPs were detected in all sediment samples, indicating ubiquitous contaminants. Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) and trioctyl trimellitate (TOTM) were the dominant for phthalates and NPPs, respectively, implying emerging contamination by TOTM. Spatial distribution of these contaminants showed decreasing gradients from inner to outer bays. Clear declining trends in phthalate and NPP concentrations were found in sediment near a wastewater treatment plant outfall, suggesting a potential source of contamination. Approximately 95% of sediment samples exceeded sediment quality guidelines for DEHP suggested by previous studies, implying that benthic organisms are suffering from adverse biological effects. This is the first report on the occurrence of NPPs in the coastal environment.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X19309804-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Unlabelled Image" title="Unlabelled Image"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Francesco Enrichetti, Carlos Dominguez-Carrió, Margherita Toma, Giorgio Bavestrello, Simonepietro Canese, Marzia Bo〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Litter has become a common component of marine ecosystems, and its assessment and monitoring are now of primary interest. Here, we characterized seafloor litter in the mesophotic depth range of the Ligurian Sea, one of the most urbanized basins of the Mediterranean Sea. Eighty sites (30–220 m depth) were investigated by by means of ROV video transects. Data regarding environmental parameters and anthropic pressures were used to explain the distribution of human-derived objects. Litter resulted widely distributed in all the investigated areas, with maximum densities of 7900 items ha〈sup〉−〈/sup〉〈sup〉1〈/sup〉. It was mainly represented by abandoned fishing gears, with highest abundances found on the deep coastal rocky shoals exploited by artisanal and recreational fishermenfishermen. Urban litter, primarily represented by plastics, was generally higher close to shore, especially near river mouths and large harbors. Litter densities reported here are among the highest ever recorded in Europe, denoting the urgency for specific actions to prevent further spreading.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): William A. Gerhard, Claudia K. Gunsch〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Although ballast water is a known vector for the global transport of microorganisms, the Ballast Water Management Convention only sets limits for indicator organisms and does not consider antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Herein, we examined the concentration of indicator organisms and prevalence of three ARGs (〈em〉sul〈/em〉1, 〈em〉tet〈/em〉 (M), and 〈em〉van〈/em〉A) in a total of 53 ballast, 21 harbor, and 8 ocean samples collected in Singapore, China, South Africa, and California. 〈em〉E. coli〈/em〉 was found in significantly higher concentrations in ballast samples obtained in Singapore and China compared to South Africa (Singapore, p = 0.040) and California (Singapore, p 〈 0.001; China, p = 0.038). Harbor samples from China had significantly higher concentrations of 〈em〉E. coli〈/em〉 than Singapore (p = 0.049) and California (p = 0.001). When compared to ocean samples, there were significantly higher concentrations of normalized 〈em〉tet〈/em〉(M) in ballast samples from California (p = 0.011) and Singapore (p = 0.019) and in harbor samples from California (p = 0.018), Singapore (p = 0.010), and South Africa (p = 0.008). These findings suggest that microbial loads significantly differ among ports. Furthermore, certain ARGs are enriched in ballast and harbor waters when compared to ocean water, which suggests that ballast waters have the potential to either transport higher concentrations of certain ARGs or that ballast tank conditions may exert selective pressure for some ARGs.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Darragh Doyle, João Frias, Róisín Nash, Martin Gammell〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Microplastic ingestion by intertidal fauna is a well-documented phenomenon, with emphasis on the physiological consequences of microplastic exposure. However, the behavioural effects of microplastic ingestion have not been explored to the same degree, even in species with documented microplastic ingestion. In this study, the predator-avoidance emergence response of 〈em〉Littorina littorea〈/em〉 was assessed and related to microplastic levels within the samples. This is a novel approach to microplastic behavioural experiments, whereby current environmental 〈em〉L〈/em〉. 〈em〉littorea〈/em〉 microplastic levels are assessed, rather than levels vastly in excess of those recorded under field conditions. The results showed no difference in emergence likelihood or emergence latency related to microplastic abundance, sex, or treatment. However, 〈em〉L. littorea〈/em〉 size did have a significant effect on emergence likelihood and emergence latency, with smaller individuals emerging faster and more frequently. This study shows that microplastics, at their current environmental levels, do not seem to affect 〈em〉L〈/em〉. 〈em〉littorea〈/em〉 emergence behaviour.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Ana M. Garcia-Cegarra, Janeide de A. Padilha, Bernardo Ferreira Braz, Rocío Ricciardi, Winfred Espejo, Gustavo Chiang, Paulina Bahamonde〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The use of trace metals and rare-earth elements (REEs) is increasing in the mining, metallurgic, electronic, and automobile industries due to their magnetic, heat-resistant, and phosphorescent properties. While large amounts of these metals are released to the environment, the toxic consequences in marine organisms are poorly understood. In Chile a mass stranding event of long-finned pilot whales (LFPW) (〈em〉Globicephala melas〈/em〉) occurred in 2016 due to unknown consequences. Al, Ce, Cr, Cu, Tl, and Zn concentrations were analyzed in LFPW blubber tissue and correlated with body size and age class of individuals. While Al and Zn were higher in juvenile individuals, Ce, Cu, Cr, and Tl were higher in adults. This study provides the first base line of trace metals and REE in LFPW from the southern hemisphere and demonstrates the existence and persistence of trace elements in marine top predators from remote ecosystems like the Chilean Patagonia.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Frederike Keitel-Gröner, Maj Arnberg, Renée K. Bechmann, Emily Lyng, Thierry Baussant〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The application of chemical dispersants is one option of oil spill response (OSR). Here, Northern shrimp (〈em〉Pandalus borealis〈/em〉) larvae were experimentally exposed for short periods (6 h and 1 h) to a realistic concentration of chemically dispersed oil (CDO) (~10 mg L〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 THC), mechanically dispersed oil (MDO) (~7 mg L〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 THC), and dispersant only (D). A control (C) with seawater served as reference. Short-term effects on survival and feeding were examined right after exposure and longer-term consequences on survival, feeding, growth and development following 30 days of recovery. Both exposure durations provoked long lasting effects on larval fitness, with 1 h exposure leading to minor effects on most of the selected endpoints. The 6 h exposure affected all endpoints with more adverse impacts after exposure to CDO. This study provides important data for assessing the best OSR option relevant to NEBA (Net Environmental Benefit Analysis).〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Krishnakumar S., Anbalagan S., Kasilingam K., Smrithi P., Anbazhagi S., Srinivasalu S.〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉An attempt was made in during August 2018 to study the plastic debris present in beach sediments at the remote islands of the Andaman and Nicobar Archipelago, India. The maximum number of plastic debris was noticed in the North and Middle Andaman Island sector and the Nicobar Island sector. White, irregular shaped polyethylene and polypropylene debris were the predominant plastic varieties found in the study area. The plastic litters disposed in the marine environment could be carried away by currents, which then circulate around the island and finally reach the coastal areas of the Andaman and Nicobar Archipelago. The plastic litter was contributed from tourist, shipping activities and improper handling of solid wastes.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Stefanie Reinold, Alicia Herrera, Carlos Hernández-González, May Gómez〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉 〈p〉Stranded marine debris from eight beaches of Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) was analyzed.〈/p〉 〈p〉Sampling was conducted along the high tide line every 35 m over the whole lengths in periods of 5 weeks for one year. Evaluated particles included all materials bigger than 2 mm, which were subdivided in Mesoparticles (2–10 mm) and Macroparticles (〉10 mm). There was a great variability of plastic abundance regarding the locations and the sampling dates. In contrast, the occurrence of debris along the beaches showed consistency and even zones of high and low accumulation. The most polluted beach was Poris, which is indeed infrequently visited, but highly affected by the main current.〈/p〉 〈p〉Plastic particles were principally mesoparticles and white/transparent color. This study not only confirms, that the Canary Islands are highly affected by the marine plastic pollution, but also for the first time shows, that stranded plastic accumulates in restricted areas of sandy coastlines.〈/p〉 〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Cihat Aşan, Burcu Özsoy, Aydın Şıhmantepe, Murat Selçuk Solmaz〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Turkey, with her two important straits, is geographically in the middle of one of the major transportation routes and will continue to face risks the oil tankers pose in those sensitive areas. This paper revisits the site of an oil tanker accident that occurred at the northern entrance of the Istanbul Strait in 1994. The aim of the study was to simulate the same accident in PISCES-II Simulator to compare the response actions of the time with the present capabilities. Effort is also made to understand how the negative impacts of an oil spill accident can be lessened. Therefore, the study is planned to set to cover two separate response scenarios for the identical oil spill incident, actually simulating the 1994 M/T Nassica accident. The results showed that oil pollution response in places with strong currents like Istanbul Strait needs special care to sea conditions as well as related assets.〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): S. Barath Kumar, R.K. Padhi〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Christopher H. Vane, Alexander W. Kim, Vicky Moss-Hayes, Grenville Turner, Keely Mills, Simon R. Chenery, Thomas S. Barlow, Andrew C. Kemp, Simon E. Engelhart, Troy D. Hill, Benjamin P. Horton, Matthew Brain〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Sediment cores from Staten Island's salt marsh contain multiple historical oil spill events that impact ecological health. Microtox solid phase bioassay indicated moderate to high toxicity. Multiple spikes of TPH (6524 to 9586 mg/kg) and Σ16 PAH (15.5 to 18.9 mg/kg) were co-incident with known oil spills. A high TPH background of 400–700 mg/kg was attributed to diffuse sources. Depth-profiled metals Cu (1243 mg/kg), Zn (1814 mg/kg), Pb (1140 mg/kg), Ni (109 mg/kg), Hg (7 mg/kg), Cd 15 (mg/kg) exceeded sediment quality guidelines confirming adverse biological effects. Changes in Pb〈sup〉206/207〈/sup〉 suggested three metal contaminant sources and diatom assemblages responded to two contamination events. Organic and metal contamination in Saw Mill Creek Marsh may harm sensitive biota, we recommend caution in the management of the 20–50 cm sediment interval because disturbance could lead to remobilisation of pre-existing legacy contamination into the waterway.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X1930877X-ga1.jpg" width="287" alt="Unlabelled Image" title="Unlabelled Image"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): S. Uddin, M. Bebhehani, L. Al-Musallam, V.V. Kumar, S. Sajid〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Climate change effects such as ocean acidification (OA) are known to affect the trace metal distribution. This experimental study provides the first data on 〈sup〉209〈/sup〉Po uptake rates and 〈sup〉210〈/sup〉Po concentration in five microalgae species under different pH scenarios. The experiment was conducted in replicates at three pH conditions 8.2, 8.0, and 7.5, representing the current and future climate change scenario as per IPCC RCP8.5. The 〈sup〉209〈/sup〉Po uptake in the phytoplankton was highest in 〈em〉Thalassiosira weissflogi〈/em〉, i.e. 83% of the 〈sup〉209〈/sup〉Po tracer was taken up at 8.2 pH whereas the lowest uptake was observed in 〈em〉Dunaliella salina〈/em〉 equivalent to 20% at 7.5 pH. Similar behavior was observed in 〈sup〉210〈/sup〉Po concentrations in these microalgae, where 〈sup〉210〈/sup〉Po ranged between 3.16 ± 0.03 and 11.6 ± 0.04 Bq kg〈sup〉−〈/sup〉〈sup〉1〈/sup〉 wet weight (ww), with the highest in the 〈em〉Thalassioria weissflogi〈/em〉 at 8.2 pH, and the lowest in 〈em〉Dunaliella salina〈/em〉 at 7.5 pH. The difference in 〈sup〉209〈/sup〉Po uptake and 〈sup〉210〈/sup〉Po concentration was statistically significant (p 〈 0.001) both among species and the pH treatments in the order: 〈em〉Thalassiosira weissflogi〈/em〉 〉 〈em〉Tetraselmis suecica〈/em〉 〉 〈em〉Chaetoceros muelleri〈/em〉 〉 〈em〉Isochrysis galbana〈/em〉 〉 〈em〉Dunaliella salina〈/em〉 and 8.2 〉 8.0 〉 7.5. A higher concentration of 〈sup〉209〈/sup〉Po in seawater was measured at low pH condition in all the experimental tanks. Though the data clearly show the difference in concentration and uptake of polonium at different pH conditions, it is not known if lower pH is affecting the adsorbed or absorbed fraction. A detailed investigation will be required to understand the process as it can have a significant effect on biomagnification and marine food chain transfer under changing climatic scenarios.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Dan Yang, Jingchun Liu, Weiwei Zhao, Qi Huang, Liyang Xue, Chongling Yan, Haoliang Lu〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Few investigations of iron speciation exist in intertidal conditions with little attention given to understanding the geochemical behavior of Fe〈sup〉3+〈/sup〉–Fe〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 and its biogeochemical processes. Here, one sediment core was collected in Yunxiao mangrove forests, Zhangjiang estuary, China and iron mineralogy was determined by magnetic methods and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Changes in magnetic susceptibility, susceptibility of anhysteretic remanent magnetization, and saturation isothermal remanent magnetization were linked to changes of pseudo-single domain soft coercive components with minor antiferromagnetic fractions and the presence of minimal concentrations of superparamagnetic particles was confirmed by the no frequency dependent of AC magnetization. A positive correlation between L-ratio and hard isothermal remanent magnetization is congruent with the distribution of high-coercivity antiferromagnetic minerals. At 295 K, the Mössbauer spectrum of specimens was well fitted with a single magnetic sextet, hematite and two magnetic doublets, paramagnetic Fe〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 and paramagnetic Fe〈sup〉3+〈/sup〉. The usefulness of magnetic data and Mössbauer spectroscopy could offer valuable analytical tools for tracking changes of iron speciation and phase in the intertidal conditions.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Sonja M. Ehlers, Julius A. Ellrich〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉We report the presence of ‘plasticrusts’ and ‘pyroplastic’ from coastal habitats in Giglio island, Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy. These novel plastic debris types have only recently been described for the first time from Madeira island (NE Atlantic Ocean) and the United Kingdom, respectively. While ‘plasticrusts’ are generated by sea waves smashing plastic debris against intertidal rocks, ‘pyroplastic’ derives from (un)deliberately burnt plastic waste. Using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, we identified the ‘plasticrust’ material as polyethylene (PE) and the ‘pyroplastic’ material as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). These polymers are widely used in everyday products and, therefore, contribute heavily to plastic pollution in aquatic and terrestrial environments worldwide. Furthermore, our field surveys suggest that ‘plasticrust’ abundance is related to wave-exposure and that the ‘pyroplastic’ derived from beverage bottles which we frequently found along the Giglio coast. Overall, our findings corroborate the notion that ‘plasticrusts’ and ‘pyroplastic’ are common debris types in marine coastal habitats.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X1931001X-ga1.jpg" width="479" alt="Unlabelled Image" title="Unlabelled Image"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Karla Pozo, Williams Urbina, Victoria Gómez, Mariett Torres, Dariela Nuñez, Petra Přibylová, Ondřej Audy, Bradley Clarke, Andrés Arias, Norma Tombesi, Yago Guida, Jana Klánová〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Plastic resin pellets were collected from coastal areas (〈em〉n〈/em〉 = 7) of central Chile. Pellets were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for polymer identification and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) determination. Screened compounds were PBDEs (〈em〉n〈/em〉 = 10), PCBs (〈em〉n〈/em〉 = 7), and OCPs (〈em〉n〈/em〉 = 13). Pellets were only found at Lenga Beach (San Vicente Bay), which is likely influenced by the presence of industrial activities in the surrounding coastal area. The diameter of the pellets was 4.0 ± 0.6 cm (〈em〉n〈/em〉 = 370), the color varied from white (32%) to yellowing (68%), and the most prevalent polymer identified was high-density polyethylene (99%). POPs concentrations (ng/g-pellet) ranged from 10 to 133 for Ʃ10PBDEs, from 3 to 60 for Ʃ7PCBs and between 0.1 and 7 for DDTs. Levels of POPs are consistent with other investigations around the world and highlight the sorbtion capacity of plastics resin pellets, and consequently transport of POPs into coastal environments.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X19309427-ga1.jpg" width="500" alt="Unlabelled Image" title="Unlabelled Image"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yann Aminot, Chantal Lanctôt, Vanessa Bednarz, William J. Robson, Angus Taylor, Christine Ferrier-Pagès, Marc Metian, Imma Tolosa〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Marine plastic debris can act as a reservoir of chemical additives that can pose a potential threat to sensitive ecosystems such as coral reefs. A survey of foam macrodebris collected on beaches indeed revealed high concentrations of hexabromocyclododecanes (ΣHBCDD) in polystyrene (PS) samples (up to 1940 μg g〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉). Results also showed that PS fragments can still leach over 150 ng g〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 d〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 of ΣHBCDD (primarily as the α-isomer) for relatively long durations, and that these additives are readily bioaccumulated and well-retained by corals. Despite significant HBCDD bioaccumulation in coral tissue, short-term exposure to HBCDD or PS leachate had no considerable effect on coral photosynthetic activity, symbiont concentration and chlorophyll content. Exposure to the PS leachate did however cause consistent polyp retraction in nubbins over the 5-day exposure. This response was not observed in animals exposed to HBCDD alone, suggesting that another constituent of the leachate stressed corals.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X19310185-ga1.jpg" width="412" alt="Unlabelled Image" title="Unlabelled Image"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Jennie L. Bolton, Gina M. Ylitalo, Paul Chittaro, J. Craig George, Robert Suydam, Brian T. Person, Jonelle B. Gates, Keri A. Baugh, Todd Sformo, Raphaela Stimmelmayr〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Blubber and muscle were collected from male bowhead whales (〈em〉n〈/em〉 = 71) landed near Utqiaġvik (Barrow), Alaska, between 2006 and 2015 and analyzed for lipid content and concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in order to determine levels and trends over the collection period. Collection year was a significant predictor of blubber concentrations for most classes of POPs, while for a few classes, animal length (proxy for age) was also a significant predictor. This is the first report on levels of PBDEs in bowhead whales; concentrations of these compounds are low (≤55 ng/g wet weight). Blubber concentrations were lower than those reported in samples collected between 1992 and 2000, and many POP classes in blubber declined significantly between 2006 and 2015. Concentrations of POPs in bowhead whale tissues, which are subsistence foods for Native Alaskan communities, appear to be declining at rates comparable with previously reported temporal trends in Arctic biota.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Laura María Pantoja-Echevarría, Ana Judith Marmolejo-Rodríguez, Felipe Galván-Magaña, Laura Arreola-Mendoza, Arturo Tripp-Valdéz, Fernando Elorriaga Verplancken, S.B. Sujitha, M.P. Jonathan〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉A study on cadmium concentration in 〈em〉Mustelus henlei〈/em〉 (liver and muscle) was carried out in an area influenced by natural phosphorite deposits and coastal upwelling. Our results indicate that liver (0.96 μg/g) concentrations were higher compared to the muscle (0.040 μg/g) suggesting it is on the safer level for human consumption. The male/female ratio indicates higher values (based on liver & muscle) in males (0.899 μg/g), which contributes to these differences in concentration. Higher values in the liver (0.96 μg/g) is due to the influence of phosphorite deposits in the region as well as the high metabolic activity. The other important factor responsible for these high Cd values are the prey, which also poses high values and is well supported by the biomagnification (1.08 & 4.57) of this element. The study also benefited in evaluating the environmental conditions for this particular species and elemental concentration in relation to human health.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0025326X19310355-ga1.jpg" width="282" alt="Unlabelled Image" title="Unlabelled Image"〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: February 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 151〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Gabrielle Z. Dodson, A. Katrina Shotorban, Patrick G. Hatcher, Derek C. Waggoner, Sutapa Ghosal, Nora Noffke〈/p〉 〈div xml:lang="en"〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Microplastic particles (〈5 mm) constitute a growing pollution problem within coastal environments. This study investigated the microplastic presence of estuarine and barrier island beaches in the states of Virginia and North Carolina, USA. Seventeen sediment cores were collected at four study sites and initially tested for microplastic presence by pyrolysis-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. For the extraction, microplastic particles were first separated from the sediment using a high-density cesium chloride solution (1.88 g/mL). In a second step, an oil extraction collected the remaining microplastic particles of higher densities. Under the light microscope, the extracted microplastic particles were classified based on their morphologies into fragments and fibers. Raman microspectroscopy chemically identified a subset of microplastic particles as polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, poly(4-vinylbiphenyl), polystyrene, polyethylene, and nylon. The results show a concentration of microplastic particles (1410 ± 810 per kg of dry sediment) even in protected and ostensibly unpolluted estuarine and beach sediments of Virginia and North Carolina.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈/div〉