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  • Articles  (256)
  • Hindawi  (128)
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  • Articles  (256)
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  • Hindawi  (128)
  • Oxford University Press  (128)
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  • Copernicus
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  • 2020-2022
  • 2010-2014  (256)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2012-03-16
    Description: A new efficient heuristic algorithm has been developed for the dynamic facility layout problem with budget constraint (DFLPB) using optimization via simulation technique. The heuristic integrates integer programming and discrete event simulation to address DFLPB. In the proposed algorithm, the nonlinear model of the DFLP has been changed to a pure integer programming (PIP) model. Then, the optimal solution of the PIP model has been used in a simulation model that has been designed in a similar manner as the DFLP for determining the probability of assigning a facility to a location. After a sufficient number of runs, the simulation model obtains near optimum solutions. Finally, to test the performance of the algorithm, several test problems have been taken from the literature and solved. The results show that the proposed algorithm is more efficient in terms of speed and accuracy than other heuristic algorithms presented in previous works.
    Print ISSN: 1687-5591
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-5605
    Topics: Computer Science , Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2012-12-21
    Description: Flickermeter is a common name for a system that measures the obnoxiousness of flicker caused by voltage fluctuations. The output of flickermeter is a value of short-term flicker severity indicator, . This paper presents the results of the numerical simulations that reconstruct the processing of flickermeter in frequency domain. With the use of standard test signals, the characteristics of flickermeter were determined for the case of amplitude modulation of input signal, frequency modulation of input signal, and for input signal with interharmonic component. For the needs of simulative research, elements of standard IEC flickermeter signal chain as well as test signal source and tools for acquisition, archiving, and presentation of the obtained results were modeled. The results were presented with a set of charts, and the specific fragments of the charts were pointed out and commented on. Some examples of the influence of input signal’s bandwidth limitation on the flickermeter measurement result were presented for the case of AM and FM modulation. In addition, the diagrams that enable the evaluation of flickermeter’s linearity were also presented.
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    Topics: Computer Science , Technology
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2012-09-25
    Description: This article proposes an abstract framework for argumentation-based negotiation in which the impact of exchanging arguments on agents' theories is formally described, the different types of solutions in negotiation are investigated, and the added value of argumentation in negotiation dialogues is analysed. We study when, how and to which extent an exchange of arguments can be beneficial in negotiation. The results show that argumentation can improve the quality of an outcome but never decrease it.
    Print ISSN: 0955-792X
    Electronic ISSN: 1465-363X
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2012-09-25
    Description: Decision making is usually based on the comparative evaluation of different options by means of a decision criterion. Recently, the qualitative pessimistic criterion was articulated in terms of a four-step argumentation process: (i) to build arguments in favour/against each option, (ii) to compare and evaluate those arguments, (iii) to assign a status for each option, and (iv) to rank order the options on the basis of their status. Thus, the argumentative counter-part of the pessimistic criterion provides not only the ‘best’ option to the user but also the reasons justifying this recommendation. The aim of this article is to study the dynamics of this argumentation model. The idea is to study how the ordering on options changes in light of a new argument. For this purpose, we study under which conditions an option may change its status, and under which conditions the new argument has no impact on the status of options, and consequently, on the ordering. This amounts to study how the acceptability of arguments evolves when the decision system is extended by new arguments. In the article, we focus on two acceptability semantics the skeptical grounded semantics and the credulous preferred semantics.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2012-09-25
    Description: We introduce expressible preferential logics, whose preference relations can be defined by some abstract logic. Abstract logics not only allow one to describe preference relations, but also classes of abstract preferential logics and give general proofs for properties common to all logics in these classes. Our approach follows that of Abstract Model Theory. We show that some well-known non-monotonic logics are preferential. We prove that they are elementary, which means that their preference relation can be defined in first-order logic. We study expressiveness and definability results for wide classes of abstract preferential logics in the spirit of Universal Logic. We present a collapse result for expressible preferential logics. We prove that, for a class of expressible preferential logics, if the class of minimal models of a finite set of sentences is - $$\mathcal{L}$$ -expressible, then it is $$\mathcal{L}$$ -expressible, i.e. such class of models can be finitely axiomatized in $$\mathcal{L}$$ . Using this result, we show that under certain conditions one can axiomatize the class C of minimal models of a finite set of sentences where some symbol P is defined using that set and an explicit definition for this symbol.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2012-09-25
    Description: In this article, we investigate the complexity of abduction, a fundamental and important form of non-monotonic reasoning. Given a knowledge base explaining the world's behaviour, it aims at finding an explanation for some observed manifestation. In this article, we consider propositional abduction, where the knowledge base and the manifestation are represented by propositional formulæ. The problem of deciding whether there exists an explanation has been shown to be $${\Sigma }_{2}^{\hbox{ p }}$$ -complete in general. We focus on formulæ in which the allowed connectives are taken from certain sets of Boolean functions. We consider different variants of the abduction problem in restricting both the manifestations and the hypotheses. For all these variants, we obtain a complexity classification for all possible sets of Boolean functions. In this way, we identify easier cases, namely NP-complete, coNP-complete and polynomial cases. Thus, we get a detailed picture of the complexity of the propositional abduction problem, hence highlighting the sources of intractability. Further, we address the problem of counting the full explanations and prove a trichotomous classification theorem.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2012-09-25
    Description: Epistemic logics with justification, S4LP and S4LPN , are combinations of the modal epistemic logic S4 and the Logic of Proofs LP , with some connecting principles. These logics together with the modal knowledge operator F ( F is known), contain infinitely many operators of the form t : F ( t is a justification for F ), where t is a term. Regarding the Realization Theorem of S4 , LP is the justification counterpart of S4 , in the sense that, every theorem of S4 can be transformed into a theorem of LP (by replacing all occurrences of by suitable terms), and vise versa. In this article, we first introduce a new cut-free sequent calculus $${\hbox{ LP }}_{L}^{\mathcal{G}}$$ for LP , and then extend it to obtain a cut-free sequent calculus for S4LP and a cut-free hypersequent calculus for S4LPN . All cut elimination theorems are proved syntactically. Moreover, these sequent systems enjoy a weak subformula property. Then, we show that theorems of S4LP can be realized in LP and theorems of S4LPN can be realized in JS5 (the justification counterpart of modal logic S5 ). Consequently, we prove that S4LP and S4LPN are conservative extensions of LP .
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  • 8
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    Oxford University Press
    Publication Date: 2012-09-25
    Description: We solve unification problem for linear temporal logic ( $$\mathcal{L}$$ $$\mathcal{T}$$ $$\mathcal{L}$$ ). For any given formula , we verify if is unifiable in $$\mathcal{L}$$ $$\mathcal{T}$$ $$\mathcal{L}$$ ; if yes, we construct its unfolded form; and, next, by this form we directly write out the most general unifier for . Thus, we show any unifiable in $$\mathcal{L}$$ $$\mathcal{T}$$ $$\mathcal{L}$$ formula has a most general unifier (thus, $$\mathcal{L}$$ $$\mathcal{T}$$ $$\mathcal{L}$$ enjoys unitary unification), though we also show that there are unifiable in $$\mathcal{L}$$ $$\mathcal{T}$$ $$\mathcal{L}$$ formulas which are not projective.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2012-09-25
    Description: In this article, we examine an argument-based semantics called semi-stable semantics . Semi-stable semantics is quite close to traditional stable semantics in the sense that every stable extension is also a semi-stable extension. One of the advantages of semi-stable semantics is that for finite argumentation frameworks there always exists at least one semi-stable extension. Furthermore, if there also exists at least one stable extension, then the semi-stable extensions coincide with the stable extensions. Semi-stable semantics can be seen as a general approach that can be applied to abstract argumentation, as well as to fields like default logic and answer set programming, yielding an interpretation with properties very similar to those of paraconsistent logic, including the properties of crash resistance and backward compatibility .
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2012-09-25
    Description: Trust is a mechanism for managing the uncertainty about autonomous entities and the information they store, and so can play an important role in any decentralized system. As a result, trust has been widely studied in multi-agent systems and related fields such as the semantic web. Here, we introduce a formal system of argumentation that can be used to reason using information about trust. This system is described as a set of graphs, which makes it possible to combine our approach with conventional representations of trust between individuals where the relationships between individuals are given in the form of a graph. The resulting system can easily relate the grounds of an argument to the agent that supplied the information, and can be used as the basis to compute Dungian notions of acceptability that take trust into account. We explore some of the properties of these argumentation graphs, examine the computation of trust and belief in the graphs and illustrate the capabilities of the system on an example from the trust literature.
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