ALBERT

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Juan Manuel Gutierrez-Villagomez, Juan Vázquez-Martínez, Enrique Ramírez-Chávez, Jorge Molina-Torres, Vance L. Trudeau〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Naphthenic acids (NAs) are complex mixtures of carboxylic acids from petroleum that have industrial applications and that may be released to the environment after oil spills. There is significant research on the chemical composition and toxicity of water-soluble NAs derived from oil sands mining in Alberta, Canada. Yet, little is known about low molecular weight organic compounds (LMWOC) from these sources. Headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-electron impact mass spectrometry was used for LMWOC profiling of commercial NA blends, and an acid-extractable organics (AEOs) mixture from a tailings pond. From Sigma 1, Sigma 2, Merichem NAs and the AEO extract, 54, 56, 40 and 4 compounds were identified, respectively. These include aliphatic and cyclic hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids, alkylbenzenes, phenols, naphthalene and alkyl-naphthalene, and decalin compounds. A sample of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) and aqueous solutions of the NA blends were evaluated for matrix effects on LMWOC profiles. Principal component and clustering analyses revealed that LMWOC profiles of commercial extracts were closely related but distinct from the AEO and OSPW samples. Some of the identified LMWOC are reported to be genotoxic or carcinogenic, and therefore the NA mixtures and AEOs should be considered hazardous materials and further evaluated.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301746-ga1.jpg" width="500" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 25 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Xiang Hu, Tingting Sun, Lanjun Jia, Jie Wei, Zhirong Sun〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Metal-organic framework based carbon material UC-X was prepared by template method, and adopted to remove cephalosporins from aqueous solution. The effect of templates including cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide and sodium laurate was discussed. The UC-0.1 with the pore size of 5.38 nm has the best adsorption. According to FTIR spectrum, with the gradual increase of sodium laurate, the functional groups like C = O increased, which promoted the adsorption capacity of cefepime in UC-X materials from 42.52 to 84.23 mg g〈sup〉-1〈/sup〉. The optimal conditions for the adsorption of cefepime were determined by the response surface method: the adsorption temperature was 25.8 °C, the initial pH value was 6.11, and the ionic strength was 1.13 g·L〈sup〉-1〈/sup〉. Under the best adsorption condition, the adsorption-desorption experiments showed that the adsorption capacity of UC-0.1 material decreased by less than 10% after five times usage, which indicated that its recycling property was competitive. The dadsorption process conformed to the mixed-order kinetic model, and the error of equilibrium adsorption capacity between model fitting and actual experiments is not more than 1%. The overall results of adsorption isotherm model and thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that Redlich-Peterson isothermal model could describe the adsorption process better.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301783-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 24 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): S.F. Thornton, H. Nicholls, S.A Rolfe, H.E.H.M. Mallinsona, M.J. Spence〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉This review summarises the current state of knowledge on the biodegradation and fate of the gasoline ether oxygenate ethyl 〈em〉tert〈/em〉-butyl ether (ETBE) in soil and groundwater. Microorganisms have been identified in soil and groundwater with the ability to degrade ETBE aerobically as a carbon and energy source, or via cometabolism using alkanes as growth substrates. Aerobic biodegradation of ETBE initially occurs via hydroxylation of the ethoxy carbon and cleavage of the ether bond by a monooxygenase enzyme, with subsequent formation of intermediates which include acetaldehyde, 〈em〉tert〈/em〉-butyl acetate (TBAc), 〈em〉tert〈/em〉-butyl alcohol (TBA), 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propanol (MHP) and 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid (2-HIBA). Slow cell growth and low biomass yields on ETBE are believed to result from the ether structure and slow degradation kinetics, with potential limitations on ETBE metabolism. Genes known to facilitate transformation of ETBE include 〈em〉eth〈/em〉B (within the 〈em〉ethRABCD〈/em〉 cluster), encoding a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, and 〈em〉alk〈/em〉B-encoding alkane hydroxylases. Other genes have been identified in microorganisms but their activity and specificity towards ETBE remains poorly characterised. Microorganisms and pathways supporting anaerobic biodegradation of ETBE have not been characterised, although this potential has been demonstrated in limited field and laboratory studies. The presence of co-contaminants (other ether oxygenates, hydrocarbons and organic compounds) in soil and groundwater may limit aerobic biodegradation of ETBE by preferential metabolism and consumption of available dissolved oxygen or enhance ETBE biodegradation through cometabolism. Both ETBE-degrading microorganisms and alkane-oxidising bacteria have been characterised, with potential for use in bioaugmentation and biostimulation of ETBE degradation in groundwater.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300327-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yuliang Zhang, Xiaoming Liu, Yingtang Xu, Binwen Tang, Yaguang Wang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) is a potentially harmful industrial solid waste that should be addressed. In the study, the red mud, carbide slag and blast furnace slag were used as stabilization/solidification (S/S) agents to S/S Mn〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉, and simultaneous reused it as raw material to prepare road base material. The S/S behavior of manganese, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of road base material with different Al/Si ratios, leaching test and the S/S mechanisms were investigated. The results showed that the Mn〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 can be well solidified when the S/S agents reach up to 20 %. The 7-day UCS of the road base material was 6.1 MPa with the Al/Si ratio of 0.48, which meets the highway standards. When Al/Si = 0.48, the formation amount of CaAl〈sub〉2〈/sub〉Si〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉8〈/sub〉·4H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O and ettringite increased, which promoted the adsorption and wrap of Mn〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉. The content of active Al〈sup〉Ⅳ〈/sup〉 and Al〈sup〉Ⅵ〈/sup〉 increased after S/S. Mn〈sub〉2〈/sub〉SiO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 and Ca〈sub〉4〈/sub〉Mn〈sub〉4〈/sub〉Si〈sub〉8〈/sub〉O〈sub〉24〈/sub〉 were produced by the charge balance effect, and the new chemical bond was formed. Meanwhile, the Mn〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 is oxidized to more stable MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 to achieve the S/S of Mn〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉. This research provides an effective way to solidify Mn〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 and solves the problem of large-scale utilization of EMR and other solid waste.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S030438942030176X-ga1.jpg" width="275" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 24 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yuyao Zhang, Kazuyuki Oshita, Taketoshi Kusakabe, Masaki Takaoka, Yu Kawasaki, Daisuke Minami, Toshihiro Tanaka〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The feasibility of simultaneous removal of siloxane and H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉S from biogas was investigated using an aerobic biotrickling filter (BTF). The biodegradation of H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉S in the BTF followed a first-order kinetic model and more than 95% H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉S was eliminated within a residence time of 0.3 min. The removal of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) increased with longer empty bed residence time (EBRT). The partition test and microbial community analysis further reveals that up to 52% removal of D5 was reached mainly by the chemical-absorption in acid recycling liquid. Finally, D5 was converted into mixtures of dimethylsilanediol (DMSD) and hexamethyldisiloxane (L2) via ring-opening hydrolysis in acid liquid and ring-shrinking polyreaction using CH〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 derived from biogas. These operational characteristics demonstrate that the abiotic removal of D5, in addition to biological removal of H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉S in an aerobic BTF can significantly decrease the siloxane loading to the downstream siloxane removing units.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301758-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 27 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Shuqi Jiang, Xinran Yan, Caroline L. Peacock, Shuang Zhang, Wei Li, Jing Zhang, Xionghan Feng, Fan Liu, Hui Yin〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Aluminum substitution is common in iron (hydr)oxides in subsurface environments, and can significantly modify mineral interactions with contaminants. However, few studies investigate Cr(VI) adsorption and its subsequent mobility on Al-substituted iron (hydr)oxide surfaces. Here shows that Al substitution gradually modifies hematite crystals from {101}, {12}, {110} and {104} faceted rhombohedra to {001} faceted plates, resulting in a general decrease in Cr(VI) adsorption density and favoring of monodentate mononuclear over bidentate binuclear Cr(VI) adsorption complexes. Consequently, the mobility of Cr(VI) might be increased in environments with an abundance of Al-containing iron (hydr)oxides. However, pre-adsorption of Fe〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 on hematite promotes Cr(VI) adsorption, reduction and fixation, and Al-substituted hematite removes more Cr(VI) than pure hematite. Similarly, although addition of Fe〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 to Cr(VI)-adsorbed hematite remobilizes a small proportion of Cr, it greatly increases the proportion of Cr fixed. As the coexistence of Fe〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 and iron (hydr)oxides is common in subsurface environments, Al-containing iron (hydr)oxides will promote Cr(VI) uptake and retention, with a significant proportion fixed as Cr(III), limiting Cr mobility and toxicity. These results offer new insights into how iron (hydr)oxides might control the behaviors of other high-valence redox-sensitive contaminants, and provide a platform for modeling such processes in complex soil and sediment systems.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389419319685-ga1.jpg" width="245" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 25 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Wei Pan, Yue You, Jia-Li Shentu, Yi-Neng Weng, Sheng-Tao Wang, Qian-Ru Xu, Hui-Jun Liu, Shao-Ting Du〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Soil cadmium (Cd) accumulation presents risks to crop safety and productivity. However, through an exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA), its accumulation in plants can be reduced and its toxicity mitigated, thereby providing an alternative strategy to counteract Cd contamination of arable soil. In the present study, we demonstrated that exogenous ABA application alleviates Cd-induced growth inhibition and photosynthetic damage in wild-type (Col-0) Arabidopsis plants. However, these positive effects were weakened in the ABA-importing transporter (AIT1)-deficient mutant (〈em〉ait1〈/em〉). Through further analysis, we found that upon ABA application, the decrease in Cd level significantly differed among 〈em〉ait1〈/em〉, Col-0, and the two 〈em〉AIT1〈/em〉-overexpressing transgenic plants (〈em〉AIT1ox-1〈/em〉 and 〈em〉AIT1ox-2〈/em〉), suggesting that AIT1 mediates the Cd-reducing effects of ABA. ABA application also inhibited the expression of 〈em〉IRT1〈/em〉, 〈em〉ZIP1〈/em〉, 〈em〉ZIP4〈/em〉, and 〈em〉Nramp1〈/em〉 in Col-0 plants subjected to Cd stress. However, significant differences among the genotypes (〈em〉ait1,〈/em〉 Col-0 and 〈em〉AIT1ox〈/em〉) were only observed in terms of 〈em〉IRT1〈/em〉 expression. Overall, our findings suggest that the suppression of Cd accumulation and restoration of plant growth by exogenous ABA require the ABA-importing activity of AIT1 to inhibit 〈em〉IRT1〈/em〉 expression.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphic abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301771-ga1.jpg" width="286" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 25 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Kun Zhang, Shuaiwei Qin, Pinggui Tang, Yongjun Feng, Dianqing Li〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Developing efficient sensing materials with super sensitivity and selectivity is imperative to fabricate high-performance gas sensors for satisfying future needs. Herein, we report the preparation of ultrathin nanosheet-assembled 3D hierarchical ZnO/In〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 heterostructures for the sensitive and selective detection of ethanol by sintering the 3D hierarchical Zn/In glycerolate precursors consisting of ultrathin nanosheets synthesized through a facile solvothermal method. The obtained ZnO/In〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 heterostructures were carefully characterized by XRD, SEM, HRTEM, BET and XPS. The results showed that the 20%ZnO/In〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 heterostructure is built up by many ultrathin nanosheets composed of intimately connected ZnO and In〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 nanoparticles and have a specific surface area as high as 137.1 m〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 g〈sup〉-1〈/sup〉. Because of the unique hierarchical structure, abundant mesoporous and formation of ZnO-In〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 n-n heterojunctions, the 20%ZnO/In〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 heterostructure based sensor was ultra-sensitive to ethanol gas at 240 °C and exhibited a response as high as 170 toward 50 ppm of ethanol, which is about 3.3 times higher than that of pure In〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 based sensor. Moreover, the sensor based on 20%ZnO/In〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 heterostructure has virtues of excellent selectivity, good long-term stability and moderate response and recovery speed (35/46 s) toward ethanol. Therefore, the ultrathin nanosheet-assembled 3D hierarchical heterostructures are promising materials for fabricating high-performance gas sensors.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301795-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Wenjing Xue, Danlian Huang, Xiaoju Wen, Sha Chen, Min Cheng, Rui Deng, Bo Li, Yang Yang, Xigui Liu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Silver-based semiconductor photocatalysts are promising materials for solving environmental and energy issues due to their strong optical absorption, excellent quantum efficiency and photoelectrochemical properties. However, the uncontrollable photocorrosion and high use cost of single silver-based semiconductor photocatalysts limit its practical application. The construction of Z-scheme photocatalytic systems that mimic natural photosynthesis can not only enhance the photocatalytic activity of silver-based semiconductor photocatalysts, but also improve their stability and reduce the use costs. This critical review concisely highlights the basic principles of Z-scheme photocatalytic systems, and discusses the construction of silver-based semiconductor Z-scheme photocatalytic systems and the roles of metallic Ag in there and summarizes the synthesis methods of silver-based semiconductor Z-scheme photocatalytic systems. Then, a series of the solar-driven applications are elaborated, including organic pollutants degradation, hydrogen production, and carbon dioxide reduction. Meanwhile, the mechanism and difficult level of these photocatalytic reactions are also described. Besides, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as a novel type of photocatalysts have attracted growing attention. The novel combination of silver-based semiconductors with typical photoactive MOFs is highlighted based on the Z-scheme photocatalytic systems. Eventually, the future challenges and prospects in the development of silver-based semiconductor Z-scheme photocatalytic systems are presented.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301163-ga1.jpg" width="343" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Jianlong Wang, Xuan Guo〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Adsorption technology has been widely applied in water and wastewater treatment, due to its low cost and high efficiency. The adsorption kinetic models have been used to evaluate the performance of the adsorbent and to investigate the adsorption mass transfer mechanisms. However, the physical meanings and the solving methods of the kinetic models have not been well established. The proper interpretation of the physical meanings and the standard solving methods for the adsorption kinetic models are very important for the applications of the kinetic models. This paper mainly focused on the physical meanings, applications, as well as the solving methods of 16 adsorption kinetic models. Firstly, the mathematical derivations, physical meanings and applications of the adsorption reaction models, the empirical models, the diffusion models, and the models for adsorption onto active sites were analyzed and discussed in detail. Secondly, the model validity evaluation equations were summarized based on literature. Thirdly, a convenient user interface (UI) for solving the kinetic models was developed based on Excel software and provided in supplementary information, which is helpful for readers to simulate the adsorption kinetic process.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301448-ga1.jpg" width="496" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Sajjad Akbarzadeh, Mohammad Ramezanzadeh, Bahram Ramezanzadeh, Ghasem Bahlakeh〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The major focus of the recent studies in metals corrosion protection field is now the development of non-hazardous and eco-friendly materials as effective substitutes for some of the well-known conventional toxic/unsafe inhibitors based on chromate, lead, phosphate, and azole derivatives. The present work focuses on the sustainable development of an intelligent self-healing anticorrosion coating using nanocarriers based on the graphene oxide nanoplatform-〈em〉Tamarindus indiaca〈/em〉 extract-Zn〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 (GON-Ti.E-Zn)-through a facile green assisted route. The GON-Ti.E-Zn nanocarrier was introduced into the epoxy ester film (EEF) to achieve a smart barrier/self-healing anti-corrosive property. To this end, a couple of characterization tests, including FT-IR, UV–vis, XRD, TGA, and Raman spectroscopy, have been carried out to investigate the GON-Ti.E-Zn nanocarrier structure/composition. The effectiveness of the anti-corrosion performance of the established coatings was confirmed by EIS, FE-SEM, and accelerated salt spray (SS) test. The observation of the high impedance magnitude at low-frequency (47.14 Gohm cm〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 after 5 weeks immersion in saline solution) for the un-defected EEF and significant impedance enhancement for the defected EEF including GON-Ti.E-Zn nanocarrier confirmed the excellent barrier effect of GO and synergistic behavior and noticeable corrosion inhibition impact of 〈em〉Tamarindus indiaca〈/em〉 along with the zinc cations on the mild steel corrosion mitigation.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301357-ga1.jpg" width="220" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 23 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Peiwen Wu, Qingdong Jia, Jing He, Linjie Lu, Linlin Chen, Jie Zhu, Chong Peng, Minqiang He, Jun Xiong, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Metal-free catalysts have been proved to be a low-cost and environmentally friendly species in aerobic oxidative desulfurization (ODS). In this work, exfoliated metal-free boron carbide with few-layered structure, small size, and abundant defects, was first employed in an aerobic ODS system for ultra-deep desulfurization. The exfoliation process was realized by employing a planetary ball mill strategy. Detailed characterizations showed that the ball milling process not only induces thinner layers and small sizes but also introduces numerous defects into the boron carbide catalysts, which is vital in metal-free catalysis. Furthermore, the exfoliated boron carbide catalyst was applied in aerobic ODS system, and 99.5% of sulfur removal was obtained. Moreover, the catalyst can be recycled 17 times without a significant decrease in catalytic activity. In particular, it was found that ∼90% of the sulfur compounds in real diesel oil could be removed by the current aerobic ODS system.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301710-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 22 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Cui Dong, Zhenping Qu, Xiao Jiang, Yewei Ren〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Oxygen vacancy acts an important role in adjusting the chemical properties of MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉. In this paper, two-dimensional MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 catalysts with different oxygen vacancy concentration are obtained by doping Cu〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉. It is researched that the K〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 species in the interlayer of birnessite-type MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 can be substituted during the Cu〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 doping process. Meanwhile, this process will generate the oxygen vacancy. Interestingly, the formation of an appropriate numbers of oxygen vacancy in MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 distinctly enhances the low-temperature reducibility and oxygen species activity, which improves the catalytic activity for the toluene oxidation (T〈sub〉100〈/sub〉 = 220 °C, 〈em〉E〈sub〉a〈/sub〉=〈/em〉43.6 kJ/mol). However, an excessive concentration of oxygen vacancy in MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 sample performs against the activity improvement for toluene oxidation. 〈em〉In situ〈/em〉 DRIFTS are applied to elucidate the main intermediates and conversion pathway on MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉-OV3 with moderate concentration of oxygen vacancy. The results demonstrate that the adsorbed toluene can interact with oxygen species of catalyst to form physisorbed benzaldehyde, aldehydic adsorbate and benzoate species. In addition, it is found that the oxygen vacancy concentration plays an important effect on the oxidation of benzoate species owing to the acceleration effect of oxygen vacancy in the activation of gaseous oxygen.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301692-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Enayatolah Yazdankish, Maryam Foroughi, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi Azqhandi〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉This paper reports a very high capacity and recyclable Mg-Co-Al-layered double hydroxide@ 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si55.svg"〉〈mtext〉 〈/mtext〉〈mi〉g〈/mi〉〈mo〉-〈/mo〉〈msub〉〈mi〉C〈/mi〉〈mn〉3〈/mn〉〈/msub〉〈msub〉〈mi〉N〈/mi〉〈mn〉4〈/mn〉〈/msub〉〈/math〉 nanocomposite as the new adsorbent for remediation of radioisotope-containing medical-based solutions. In this work, a convenient solvothermal method was employed to synthesize a new nano-adsorbent, whose features were determined by energy dispersive X-ray (EDS/EDX), XRD, FESEM, TEM, TGA, BET, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The as-prepared nano-adsorbent was applied to capture the radioisotope iodine-131 mainly from the medical-based wastewater under different conditions of main influential parameters, (i.e. adsorbent dose, initial I〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 concentration, sonication time, and temperature). The process was evaluated by three models of RSM, CCD-ANFIS, and CCD-GRNN. Furthermore, comprehensive kinetic, isotherm, thermodynamic, reusability cycles and optimization (by GA and DF) studies were conducted to evaluate the behavior and adsorption mechanism of I〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 on the surface of Mg-Co-Al-LDH@ 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si56.svg"〉〈mi〉g〈/mi〉〈mo〉-〈/mo〉〈msub〉〈mi〉C〈/mi〉〈mn〉3〈/mn〉〈/msub〉〈msub〉〈mi〉N〈/mi〉〈mn〉4〈/mn〉〈/msub〉〈/math〉 nanocomposite. High removal efficiency (95.25%) of 〈sup〉131〈/sup〉I in only 30 min (i.e. during 1/384 its half-life), along with an excellent capacity that has ever been reported (2200.70 mg/g) and recyclability (seven times without breakthrough in the efficiency), turns the nanocomposite to a very promising option in remediation of 〈sup〉131〈/sup〉I-containing solutions. Besides, from the models studied, ANFIS described the process with the highest accuracy and reliability with R〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 〉 0.999.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301394-ga1.jpg" width="216" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Qi Yang, Dan Chen, Libing Chu, Jianlong Wang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In present work, we studied a novel Fe/C nanomaterial fabricated using Fe-based metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as precursors through thermal pyrolysis to catalyze gamma irradiation-induced degradation of antibiotics, cephalosporin C (CEP-C) and sulfamethazine (SMT) in aqueous solution. The MOFs-derived Fe/C nanomaterials (DMOFs) had the regular octahedrons structure of MOFs and contained element C, Fe and O, while Fe° with a fraction of Fe〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 and Fe〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 were identified. Results showed that DMOFs addition could accelerate the generation of OH during gamma irradiation, while the intermediates of bonds cleavages of antibiotic molecules and OH addition were identified. DMOFs were more effective to improve the decomposition of antibiotic having the higher adsorption capacity like SMT. The degradation rate of CEP-C and SMT increased by 1.3 times and 1.8 times, and TOC reduction at 1.0 kGy reached 42 % and 51 %, respectively by gamma/DMOFs treatment, while only 20.2 % (CEP-C) and 4.5 % (SMT) of TOC reduction were obtained by γ-irradiation alone. The crystal structure, functional groups and magnetism of DMOFs changed slightly after gamma irradiation, which made it possible to be reused. DMOFs were promising to enhance the degradation of antibiotics during gamma irradiation.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301369-ga1.jpg" width="394" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Ju Hai, Lihu Liu, Wenfeng Tan, Rong Hao, Guohong Qiu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The speciation, toxicity and mobility of chromium (Cr) are significantly affected by natural iron-manganese nodules due to the adsorption and redox reactions in soils. However, the redox processes in oxic environments have received little attention. In this work, the interaction mechanism between Cr(III) and natural iron-manganese nodules was studied under oxic conditions, and the effects of chemical composition, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, ionic strength and coexisting ions were further investigated. The results showed that iron-manganese nodules could effectively oxidize dissolved Cr(III), and most of the newly formed Cr(VI) was adsorbed on the surface of nodules. In iron-manganese nodules, manganese oxides mainly contributed to Cr(III) oxidation, and iron oxides facilitated the adsorption and immobilization of Cr(VI). In addition, Cr(III) could be catalytically oxidized to Cr(VI) on the surface of manganese oxides through the generation of Mn(III) intermediate or Mn(IV) oxides from released Mn(II) under oxic conditions. The oxidation rate of Cr(III) by the nodules decreased with increasing pH from 2.0 to 8.0, and increased with increasing ionic strength. This work reveals the adsorption and catalytic oxidation mechanism of Cr(III) by iron-manganese nodules in a simulated open system, and improves the understanding of the geochemical behavior of chromium in soils.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301540-ga1.jpg" width="275" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Qi Qiao, Xiong Yang, Lihu Liu, Yao Luo, Wenfeng Tan, Chengshuai Liu, Zhi Dang, Guohong Qiu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Fe-Mn nodules are widely distributed and regarded as excellent adsorbents for heavy metals. Their adsorption-desorption reactions with heavy metal ions are usually accompanied by redox processes. Herein, Fe-Mn nodules were used as adsorbents for Cd(II) and As(III,V) at a constant cell voltage under electrochemically controlled reduction and oxidation, respectively. The results showed that the adsorption performance for Cd(II) and As(III,V) was enhanced respectively due to the decrease and increase of Mn average oxidation state (Mn AOS) in Fe-Mn nodules. High birnessite content and Mn average oxidation state (Mn AOS) improved the adsorption of Cd(II) and As(III,V). The adsorption capacity for Cd(II) and total As increased with increasing voltage. With increasing pH, the adsorption capacity for Cd(II) increased first and then reached equilibrium, and that of total As decreased and then increased. The Cd(II) electrochemical adsorption capacity (129.9 mg g〈sup〉–1〈/sup〉) and the removal efficiency for total As at 1.2 V (83.6 %) in As-containing wastewater at an initial concentration of 4.068 mg L〈sup〉–1〈/sup〉 were remarkably higher than the corresponding inorganic adsorption performance (9.46 mg g〈sup〉–1〈/sup〉 and 70.5 %, respectively). This work may further promote the application of natural Fe-Mn nodules in the adsorption of heavy metals from wastewaters.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301539-ga1.jpg" width="500" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 22 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Ziyong Chang, Fangxu Li, Xiaoyue Qi, Bo Jiang, Jue Kou, Chunbao Sun〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Recycling precious metals from secondary resources is of great environmental and economic significance. In this study, the Zr-based MOFs UiO-66-NH〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 was synthesized and used to adsorb Au (III) in aqueous solution. The ultrafine particle size (∼50 nm), excellent crystallinity and huge specific surface area (1039.2 m〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 ·g〈sup〉-1〈/sup〉) were verified by transmission electron microscope (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and surface area analysis. About 50% Au (III) was adsorbed within 6 min and the maximum adsorption capacity at 298 K reached up to 650 mg·g〈sup〉-1〈/sup〉, showing superiority to traditional adsorbents. The general order kinetics model and Liu equation were suitable to describe the adsorption process, which was spontaneous, endothermic and driven by the increasing system entropy. Electrostatic attraction between -NH〈sub〉3〈/sub〉〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 and Au (III) anions and inner complexation to Zr-OH played a vital role in adsorption. Au (Ⅲ) was reduced to Au° by amino groups via redox reaction certified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), PXRD and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis. Moreover, UiO-66-NH〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 displayed high selectivity, robust stability and excellent reusability, making it an ideal candidate for gold recycling in industrial practice.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301631-ga1.jpg" width="282" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Congcong Ding, Wencai Cheng, Xiangxue Wang, Zhen-Yu Wu, Yubing Sun, Changlun Chen, Xiangke Wang, Shu-Hong Yu〈/p〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Carlos García-Delgado, Jesús M. Marín-Benito, María J. Sánchez-Martín, M. Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The spread of organic pollutants from soil to other environments is one important source of environmental pollution. The addition of organic amendments to soil is an interesting strategy to control pollutants leaching. However, the contribution of different carbon types of organic amendments to organic pollutants adsorption is not clear. Hence, the objective of this work was to determine the role of carbon types of organic amendments into the adsorption of four herbicides. To this extent, organic amendments were characterized by elemental analysis and 〈sup〉13〈/sup〉C-NMR and adsorption–desorption isotherms of herbicides by the organic amendments and two soils amended with them were obtained. Adsorption coefficients were correlated with the organic carbon content of the organic amendments and the adsorption process was enhanced by the hydrophobicity of herbicides and the aliphatic and aromatic carbon of amendments. Organic amendments increased the adsorption of herbicides by soils but it is not possible to extrapolate results from one soil to another because organo-mineral interactions between soils and organic amendments can modify this process. Desorption isotherms of herbicides from organic amendments and/or amended soils presented hysteresis indicating the irreversible adsorption of herbicides. Desorption results indicated, the abundance of O-alkyl and N-alkyl groups in organic amendments enhanced the hysteresis in amended soils.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301503-ga1.jpg" width="500" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Saisai Chen, Chaohai Wang, Ming Zhang, Wuxiang Zhang, Junwen Qi, Xiuyun Sun, Lianjun Wang, Jiansheng Li〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Fast and efficient tracking of micropollutants in aquatic environment by developing novel electrode materials is of great significance. Herein, a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) assisted strategy is applied for synthesis of nitrogen doped Cu MOFs (N-Cu-MOF) for micropollutants electrochemical detection. The designed N-Cu-MOFs possess uniform octahedral shape with large surface area (1184 m〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 g〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉) and an average size of roughly 450 nm, exhibiting the excellent electroanalytical capability for the detection of multipollutants. In the case of dopamine (DA) and sulfonamides (SA) as typical microcontaminants, the designed N-Cu-MOFs exhibited wide linear ranges of 0.50 nM–1.78 mM and low detection limit (LOD, 0.15 nM, 〈em〉S〈/em〉/〈em〉N〈/em〉 = 3) for the determination of DA, as well as a linear range of 0.01–58.3 μM and LOD (0.003 μM, 〈em〉S〈/em〉/〈em〉N〈/em〉 = 3) for monitoring SA. The improved performance is attributed to the heteroatom introduction and good dispersion stability of N-Cu-MOF with PVP-decorated. The good electroanalytical ability of N-Cu-MOF for detection of DA and SA can provide a guide to efficient and rapid monitor other micropollutants and construct novel electrochemical sensors.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S030438942030145X-ga1.jpg" width="272" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Ai-Yong Zhang, Yang Zhou, Xiao Liu, Nai-Hui Huang, Hai-Hong Niu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Photochemical oxidation based on semiconducting metal oxides is an efficient strategy to remove environmental pollutants in water, air and soil. The fine manipulation of photo-carriers separation, surface chemistry and radical speciation is of considerable interest for environmental remediation. In this work, the morphology- and structure-tailored TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 single crystals with epitaxial {101}/{001} facet junction were designed, prepared and tested for photochemical pollutant oxidation in the presence of organic arsenicals, the main component in swine wastewater from livestock industry, although they have been forbidden for several years. The facet junction-tailored TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 deserved an efficient photo-carriers separation with high quantum efficiency. The photochemical oxidation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), phenol and bisphenol A (BPA) was substantially improved by roxarsone (ROX). ROX-enhanced photochemical activity of TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 was mainly attributed to the in-situ arsenic-terminated surface chemistry by 〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-eu-west-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/tbnd"〉Ti-OAs〈sup〉V〈/sup〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉/-OAs〈sup〉III〈/sup〉O〈sub〉2〈/sub〉. This surface played governing roles in water/TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 interactions, and changed water adsorption from dissociative to molecular configuration. Furthermore, ·OH was finely regulated from low-activity surface-bound to high-activity bulk-free speciation between as-generated photo-holes with free water molecules. Our findings provided a new chance to refine the TiO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉-based photochemical oxidation, and a modifying technology to treat swine wastewater from livestock industry with much reduced secondary pollution.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301473-ga1.jpg" width="335" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Tianyu Dong, Quanquan Guan, Weiyue Hu, Mingzhi Zhang, Yuqing Zhang, Minjian Chen, Xinru Wang, Yankai Xia〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Glufosinate ammonium (GLA) is a widely used organophosphate herbicide, which could be commonly detected in body fluids of both pregnant women and newborns. Existing evidences indicate that GLA has reproductive toxicity, while data concerning the effects of prenatal GLA exposure on neurodevelopment is rather limited. Here we employed a mouse model exposed to GLA prenatally. Reduced locomotor activity, impaired memory formation and autism-like behaviors were observed in the treatment group. Marked alteration in gut microbiome of the treatment offspring mice could be found at 4th week, and seemed to recover over time. Fecal metabolomics analysis indicated remarkable changes in microbiome-related metabolism in the treatment group, which could be the cause of behavioral abnormality in mice. Present study suggested that prenatal exposure to GLA disturbed gut microbiome and metabolism, and thereby induced behavioral abnormalities in mice.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301400-ga1.jpg" width="492" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 27 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Dongning Wei, Bingyu Li, Lin Luo, Yongxin Zheng, Liuhui Huang, Jiachao Zhang, Yuan Yang, Hongli Huang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The nano zero-valent iron sludge-based biochar (nZVI-SBC) was prepared in this study to eliminate Sb(III) from aqueous solutions, which was characterized by BET, SEM, XRD, TEM, FTIR, XPS. Our results proved that the incorporated nZVI on SBC matrix could significantly enhance eliminating Sb(III), and the max-adsorption capacity (160.40 mg g〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉) can be achieved at pH = 4.8 ± 0.2 and temperature of 298 K. The effect of co-existing anions and natural organic matters on the Sb(III) adsorption efficiencies were systematically investigated. The surface complexation is the possible adsorption mechanisms by FTIR and XPS. Furthermore, mechanistic investigation revealed that •OH and hydroquinone radical (H-SQ•〈sup〉−〈/sup〉) could be the primary oxidants for the transformation of Sb(III) under oxic conditions, while 9,10-phenanthrene quinone radical (P-SQ•〈sup〉−〈/sup〉) were responsible under anoxic conditions. Thus, the enhanced elimination of Sb(III) from aqueous solution was ascribed to the combined adsorption and oxidation. The potential engineering application of nZVI-SBC can be proved through three actual water matrix experiments, including lake water, river water and acid mine drainage. Our present findings proved that nZVI-SBC could be a potential adsorbent, given the excellent performance in the adsorption processes, as well as the toxicity alleviating ability and economic advantages, especially under sub-surface water.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300431-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 26 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Martina Kolackova, Pavel Chaloupsky, Natalia Cernei, Borivoj Klejdus, Dalibor Huska, Vojtech Adam〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Studying stress pathways on the level of secondary metabolites that are found in very small concentration in the cells is complicated. In the algae, the role of individual metabolites (such as carotenoids, phenolic compounds, organic acids, and vitamins) and miRNAs that participate in plant’s defence are very poorly understood during stressful conditions. Therefore, in the present experiment, the model organism 〈em〉Chlamydomonas reinhardtii〈/em〉 was exposed to stress conditions (Lyc and UV-C irradiation) to detect these substances, even at very low concentrations. The purpose was to monitored changes at each response level with a future view to identifying their specific roles under different stress factors. In stress-treated cultures, numerous transcriptomic and metabolomic pathways were triggered in 〈em〉C. reinhardtii.〈/em〉 Although Lyc significantly decreased the concentration of AA, suggesting that Lyc has a similar function in 〈em〉C. reinhardtii〈/em〉 as in plants. The negative effect of UV-C radiation was based on the production of ROS and enhancement of antioxidant responses, resulting in increased levels of polyphenols and simple phenolic compounds. Both treatments did lead to extensive changes in transcript levels and miRNA expression patterns.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300741-ga1.jpg" width="236" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 26 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yixi Zhou, Chao Shen, Jinpeng Ruan, Chengyong He, Meng Chen, Chonggang Wang, Zhenghong Zuo〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Large-range environmental pollution by dioxin and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) is becoming a serious problem. To establish an 〈em〉in vivo〈/em〉 method for the detection of DLCs in seawater, a 〈em〉Tg(cyp1a-12DRE:egfp)〈/em〉 transgenic marine medaka (〈em〉Oryzias melastigma〈/em〉) line was first developed with the modified 〈em〉cyp1a〈/em〉-12DRE promoter driving enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression using Tol2 transgenesis technology. With increasing concentrations of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-〈em〉p〈/em〉-dioxin (TCDD), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the EGFP fluorescence intensity increased significantly. The 〈em〉Tg(cyp1a-12DRE:egfp)〈/em〉 medaka possessed high sensitivity (limit of detection of 1 ng/L TCDD) and specificity and low background. This transgenic line is capable of detecting DLCs in environmental seawater in which the concentration of DLCs is at least 0.12207 ng/L TCDD after sample enrichment. The fluorescence-toxic equivalency (TEQ) values from EGFP intensity were closely correlated with the chemical-TEQ values obtained from chemical analyses. Furthermore, the 〈em〉Tg(cyp1a-12DRE:egfp)〈/em〉 medaka can directly detect DLCs in seawater samples after a serious pollution accident and screen unknown aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists for risk assessment. For the first time, a convenient method has been established that sensitively and specifically responds to DLCs using the 〈em〉Tg(cyp1a-12DRE:egfp)〈/em〉 marine medaka, which could be a highly efficient tool for detecting seawater DLCs in the future.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301801-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 26 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Lei Wang, Qi Zhang, Baiyang Chen, Yinan Bu, Yi Chen, Jun Ma, Fernando L. Rosario-Ortiz〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Haloacetic acids (HAAs) are a group of pollutants ubiquitous in natural environment and anthropogenic systems, and therefore in need of control. Photolysis and photocatalysis techniques via ultraviolet (UV)-based technologies have held promise for decades in degrading organic molecules in water, but their capacities in removing HAAs remain to be explored. To better understand the trends in the existing literature and to identify the knowledge gaps that may merit further exploration, this review compares the HAAs photodegradation kinetics, influencing factors, reaction products, pathways, and mechanisms for a variety of UV technologies. The selected UV processes are classified into three types: UV-only photolysis, photooxidation, and photoreduction. Overall, although trends vary significantly depending upon many factors, the photo-susceptibility of HAAs always increases with rising molecular weight of substituted halogen atom(s), with those chlorinated HAAs being the most refractory species. Notably, while many processes proved hydroxyl radical (•OH) as the forcing driver, the patterns of kinetics among HAAs were not consistent among processes, suggesting that •OH was not the only driver. Compared to earlier studies focusing on specific technologies to treat numerous contaminants through a material perspective, this review commits to understanding the commonalities and differences among multiple UV-based technologies in treating only one group of compound mainly via a chemistry viewpoint.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphic abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S030438942030131X-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 22 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Lianbin Cao, Yamei Ma, Dandan Deng, Huichun Jiang, Jiaxin Wang, Ying Liu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉A facultative exoelectrogen strain Lsc-8 belonging to the 〈em〉Cellulomonas〈/em〉 genus with the ability to degrade carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) coupled with the reduction of Cr(VI), was successfully isolated from rumen content. The maximum output power density of the microbial fuel cells (MFCs) inoculated strain Lsc-8 was 9.56 ± 0.37 mW·m〈sup〉-2〈/sup〉 with CMC as the sole carbon source. From the biomass analysis can be seen that the electricity generation of the MFCs was primary attributed to the planktonic cells of strain Lsc-8 rather than the biofilm attached on the electrode, which was different from 〈em〉Geobacter sulfurreducens〈/em〉. Especially, during electricity generation of the MFCs using CMC as carbon source in the anode chamber, the Cr(VI) reduction were simultaneously realized. And it is also find that the Cr(VI) reduction ratio by strain Lsc-8 is directly related to the initial Cr(VI) concentration, and it increased with the increase of initial concentration at first, then started to decrease when the Cr(VI) concentration was above 21 mg L〈sup〉-1〈/sup〉. Meanwhile, the highest output power density of 3.47 ± 0.28 mW·m〈sup〉-2〈/sup〉 was observed coupling with 95.22 ± 2.72% of Cr(VI) reduction. These data suggested that the strain Lsc-8 could reduce high toxicity Cr(VI) to low toxicity Cr(III) coupled with electricity generation in MFCs with CMC as the carbon source. Our results also suggested that this study will provide a possibility to simultaneously degrade Cr(VI) and generate electricity by using cellulose.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301722-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Feng Wang, Sihai Luo, Senbo Xiao, Wenjing Zhang, Yizhi Zhuo, Jianying He, Zhiliang Zhang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The fundamental mechanism behind oil/water separation materials is their surface wettability that allows either oil or water to pass through. The conventional materials for oil/water separation generally have extreme wettability, namely superhydrophilic for water separation and superhydrophobic for oil separation. Using easily accessible materials that are medium hydrophobic or even relatively hydrophilic for preparing highly efficient oil/water separators have rarely been reported. In this work, a new strategy by triggering phase transition of infused lubricant from liquid to solid state in porous structure is realized in fabricating slippery lubricant infused porous structure for oil/water separations. By infusing polyester fabric with coconut oil, after phase transition, excellent water repellency and oil permeability by an absorbing-permeating mechanism are achieved, despite the low water contact angle on the new material. Although the new phase transformable slippery lubricant infused porous structure, features much milder hydrophobicity than conventional oil/water separators, it can remove diverse types of oil from water with high efficiencies. The phase transformable slippery lubricant infused porous structure is able to maintain their water repellency after immersing in high concentration salt (10 wt% NaCl), acid (25 % HCl), alkaline (25 % NH〈sub〉3〈/sub〉·H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O) solutions for 120 h, showing remarkably functional durability in harsh environment. The lubricant phase transition mechanism proposed in this study is universally applicable to porous substrates with various chemical compositions and pore structures, such as porous sponges or even daily life breads, for creating efficient oil/water separators, which can serve as a novel accessible design principle of phase transformable slippery lubricant infused porous structure for eco-friendly oil/water separators.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301643-ga1.jpg" width="300" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Chunli Jiang, Hao Wang, Yongqing Wang, Can Xue, Zujin Yang, Changlin Yu, Hongbing Ji〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Highly efficient, low cost and green ways to eliminate volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are quite desirable due to the ever-increasing environmental issues. Photothermal catalytic oxidation provides a pathway for solving these problems, but its application is always limited by lack of low-cost and active catalysts. Herein, this limitation is overcome by using doping to refine defect states. As a proof of concept, hierarchical CeO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 nanorods are employed as a model material for subtle Fe doping. The results reveal that the oxygen defects facilitate activation of the O〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-eu-west-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/dbnd"〉O bond and the migration and separation of the photogenerated charge carriers. By virtue of such favorable synergistic effect, a satisfactory toluene conversion (〉98 %) was obtained. This work provides new insights into the design of highly effective catalysts and the construction of an economically viable process for VOC elimination.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301709-ga1.jpg" width="228" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yuying Zhang, Wei Gao, Wen Ni, Siqi Zhang, Yunyun Li, Ke Wang, Xiaohui Huang, Pingfeng Fu, Wentao Hu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In this study, metallurgical-slag-based binder (MSB) with different dosages of calcium hydroxide (CH) was mixed with high-arsenic-containing mine tailings (HAMT) to form green mining fill samples (GMFs) for As solidification/stabilisation (S/S). The As leaching characteristics of the GMFs were evaluated using pH-dependent leaching tests, semi-dynamic leaching tests and toxicity leaching tests. The effective diffusion coefficient (〈em〉D〈/em〉〈sub〉e〈/sub〉) decreased from 6.98 × 10〈sup〉−14〈/sup〉 to 5.90 × 10〈sup〉−15〈/sup〉 cm〈sup〉2〈/sup〉/s and the leachability index (〈em〉LI〈/em〉) increased from 13.53 to 14.73 after 3 wt.% CH was added to the GMFs. The GMFs containing 0 wt.% CH (GMF-0C) and those containing 3 wt.% CH (GMF-3C) reached pH = 2 with acid addition amounts of 9.0 meq/g-dry and 9.3 meq/g-dry at 90 d curing time, and the maximum As leaching concentrations of GMF-0C and GMF-3C reached 10.47 mg/L and 7.47 mg/L, respectively, indicating that GMF-3C exhibited better acid neutralisation and As retention capacities than GMF-0C. Further, a Tescan Integrated Mineral Analyser (TIMA) was used to analyse the dominant hydration products of GMF-3C, which revealed that calcium silicate hydrate, CASH, ettringite and zeolite phases represented approximately 22.5 wt.% of the products. These results provide an understanding regarding the safe large-scale utilisation of GMFs.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301497-ga1.jpg" width="500" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Hailan Li, Ruiqiu Lai, Yulin Jin, Xinxiang Fang, Kai Cui, Shanshan Sun, Yejing Gong, Haonan Li, Zhongzhi Zhang, Guangqing Zhang, Zhiyong Zhang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉An oxygen-constrained system of crude oil reservoir environment was constructed to stimulate the growth of indigenous microbes, such as petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. Addition of nitrogen and phosphorus sources was investigated for the growth of petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. The results show that nitrates and phosphates stimulated the growth of the bacteria and promoted the biodegradation of crude oil as the sole carbon source in this process. The minimum surface tension was 29.63 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si3.svg"〉〈mtext〉m〈/mtext〉〈mtext〉N〈/mtext〉〈mo〉/〈/mo〉〈mtext〉m〈/mtext〉〈/math〉 when the amounts of the nitrogen 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si4.svg"〉〈msub〉〈mrow〉〈mo stretchy="false"〉(〈/mo〉〈mtext〉N〈/mtext〉〈mtext〉a〈/mtext〉〈mtext〉N〈/mtext〉〈mtext〉O〈/mtext〉〈/mrow〉〈mn〉3〈/mn〉〈/msub〉〈/math〉: 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si2.svg"〉〈msub〉〈mrow〉〈mfenced close=")" open="("〉〈mrow〉〈msub〉〈mrow〉〈mtext〉N〈/mtext〉〈mtext〉H〈/mtext〉〈/mrow〉〈mn〉4〈/mn〉〈/msub〉〈/mrow〉〈/mfenced〉〈/mrow〉〈mn〉2〈/mn〉〈/msub〉〈msub〉〈mrow〉〈mtext〉S〈/mtext〉〈mtext〉O〈/mtext〉〈/mrow〉〈mn〉4〈/mn〉〈/msub〉〈/math〉 = 2:1) and phosphorus (〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si5.svg"〉〈msub〉〈mrow〉〈mtext〉K〈/mtext〉〈mtext〉H〈/mtext〉〈/mrow〉〈mn〉2〈/mn〉〈/msub〉〈msub〉〈mrow〉〈mtext〉P〈/mtext〉〈mtext〉O〈/mtext〉〈/mrow〉〈mn〉4〈/mn〉〈/msub〉〈/math〉: 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si6.svg"〉〈msub〉〈mrow〉〈mtext〉N〈/mtext〉〈mtext〉a〈/mtext〉〈mtext〉H〈/mtext〉〈/mrow〉〈mn〉2〈/mn〉〈/msub〉〈msub〉〈mrow〉〈mtext〉P〈/mtext〉〈mtext〉O〈/mtext〉〈/mrow〉〈mn〉4〈/mn〉〈/msub〉〈/math〉 = 5:2) sources added were 0.8 wt% and 1.4 wt%, respectively. Furthermore, the dominant petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria were shifted from 〈em〉Arcobacter〈/em〉 in production water to 〈em〉Pseudomonas〈/em〉 after the first subculture and then to 〈em〉Bacillus〈/em〉 after the sixth subculture. The heteroatom groups in the crude oil were biodegraded simultaneously with normal alkanes and alkyl cyclohexanes. Addition of the nutrients resulted in microbial growth, microbial community shift, and enhanced microbial degradation.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301485-ga1.jpg" width="500" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Dan Shao, Yuanyuan Zhang, Wei Lyu, Xinlei Zhang, Guoqiang Tan, Hao Xu, Wei Yan〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) anodes, (e.g., IrO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉) are well-known inefficient catalysts for electrochemical oxidation (EO) of refractory organics in wastewater due to the high energy consumption via OER. However, in this study this kind of anode participated in a very effective EO process via a specific modular anode architecture. Traces of magnetic Fe〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉/Sb-SnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 particles as auxiliary electrodes (AEs) were attracted on the surface of the two-dimensional (2D) Ti/IrO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉-Ta〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉5〈/sub〉 by a NdFeB magnet, and thereby constituted a new magnetically assembled electrode (MAE). MAE could be renewed by recycling its AEs. The electrochemical properties as well as the EO performances of the MAE could be regulated by adjusting the loading amount of AEs. Results showed that even a small amount of AEs could increase surface roughness and offer massive effective active sites. When removing color of azo dye Acid Red G, the optimal MAE exhibited ∼1100 % and ∼500 % higher efficiencies than 2D Ti/IrO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉-Ta〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉5〈/sub〉 and 2D Ti/Sb-SnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, respectively. The superiority of the MAE was also applicable in degrading phenol. The synergy between Ti/IrO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉-Ta〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉5〈/sub〉 and magnetic Sb-SnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 particles was therefore discussed.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S030438942030162X-ga1.jpg" width="426" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Huijiao Wang, Juhong Zhan, Lingwei Gao, Gang Yu, Sridhar Komarneni, Yujue Wang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In this study, the abatement of neonicotinoid insecticide, thiamethoxam, by single ozonation, ozone/ultraviolet (O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉/UV) and electro-peroxone (EP) process was evaluated. The second-order rate constants for the reaction of thiamethoxam with O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 and hydroxyl radical (〈sup〉〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-eu-west-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/rad"〉〈/sup〉OH) at pH 7 were determined to be 15.4 M〈sup〉–1〈/sup〉 s〈sup〉–1〈/sup〉 and 3.9 × 10〈sup〉9〈/sup〉 M〈sup〉–1〈/sup〉 s〈sup〉–1〈/sup〉, respectively. The degradation pathways of thiamethoxam were proposed based on quantum chemical calculations and transformation products were identified using chromatographic and mass-spectrometric techniques. The acute and chronic toxicity of thiamethoxam and its major TPs to various aquatic organisms were assessed. With typical ozone doses applied in water treatment (≤5 mg/L), thiamethoxam was abated by only ∼16–32 % in two real water matrices (groundwater and surface water) during single ozonation, but by ∼100 % and 〉70 % during the O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉/UV and EP treatment, respectively. The energy demand to abate 90 % thiamethoxam in the two water matrices was generally comparable for single ozonation and the EP process (∼0.14 ± 0.03 kW h/m〈sup〉3〈/sup〉), but higher for the O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉/UV process (0.21–0.22 kW h/m〈sup〉3〈/sup〉). These results suggest that single ozonation is unable to sufficiently abate thiamethoxam under typical conditions of water treatment. Therefore, ozone-based advanced oxidation processes are needed to enhance thiamethoxam abatement.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301680-ga1.jpg" width="500" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yuanwang Liu, Dengmiao Cheng, Jianming Xue, Louise Weaver, Steve A. Wakelin, Yao Feng, Zhaojun Li〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Animal manure containing veterinary antibiotics is a significant source of microbial antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Composting of animal manure with wheat straw and sawdust was explored as a means to reduce ARGs load in the final material. The effects of ciprofloxacin, oxytetracycline, sulfamerazine on the bacterial community composition, and how this then affected the removal of seven tetracycline resistance genes (TARGs), four sulfonamide resistance genes (SARGs), and two fluoroquinolone resistance genes (QARGs) were investigated. Treatments receiving either ciprofloxacin or the three mixed antibiotics had reduced bacterial alpha-diversity and displayed shifts in the abundance of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. This demonstrated that different antibiotics played an important role in bacterial community composition. Furthermore, variation in the physicochemical properties of compost, particularly pH and temperature, was also strongly linked to shifts in bacterial composition over time. Based on network analysis, the reduction of TARGs were associated with loss of 〈em〉Pseudomonas〈/em〉, 〈em〉Pseudoxanthomonas〈/em〉, 〈em〉Pusillimonas〈/em〉, 〈em〉Aquamicrobium〈/em〉, 〈em〉Ureibacillus〈/em〉, 〈em〉Lysinibacillus〈/em〉, 〈em〉Bacillus〈/em〉 and 〈em〉Brachybacterium〈/em〉 during the thermophilic stage. However, QARGs and SARGs were more strongly affected by the presence of multiple antibiotics. Our results have important implications for reducing the spread of certain ARGs by controlling the composting temperature, pH or the antibiotics species used in husbandry.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300686-ga1.jpg" width="500" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Feng Guo, Xiliu Huang, Zhihao Chen, Hongji Ren, Mingyang Li, Lizhuang Chen〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In this study, MoS〈sub〉2〈/sub〉/ZnSnO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 (MS-ZSO) composite photocatalyst with loading MS nanosheets onto the surface of porous ZSO microcubes was synthesized using a simple hydrothermal route. The prepared MS-ZSO composite can be easily excited under visible light, and 3 % MS-ZSO exhibits an outstanding photo-degradation (〉80 % in 60 min) and mineralization performance (〉42 % in 60 min) of the tetracycline. A remarkable improvement in the photocatalytic activity of MS-ZSO composite derived from a positive synergistic effect of well-matched energy level positions, increasement the absorption of visible light, prolonged life time decay and improved interfacial charge transfer between MS and ZSO. In-depth investigation on charge carrier separation mechanism toward MS/ZSO composite under visible light was proposed, which was further evidenced by capture experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) techniques. Furthermore, the corresponding intermediates of tetracycline degradation over MS-ZSO composites were inspected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis, and the possible degradation paths were proposed.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301461-ga1.jpg" width="492" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Wenhong Fan, You Zhang, Shu Liu, Xiaomin Li, Jiayao Li〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉As a novel antioxidant, hydrogen water has been widely used to alleviate oxidative stress in plants as well as in the medical field. However, the function of hydrogen water in environmental toxicology remains unknown. In this study, combining nanobubbles (NBs) and hydrogen water, we investigate the effect and mechanism of hydrogen NB water on copper induced acute toxicity to water fleas (〈em〉Daphnia magna〈/em〉). The 24-h lethal Cu concentrations at which 50 % of the population die were 84 μg/L in hydrogen NB water and 45 μg/L in control water, confirming that hydrogen NB water effectively alleviated acute Cu toxicity in 〈em〉D. magna〈/em〉. The results were consistent with a significant reduction of Cu uptake and decrease of Cu accumulation in 〈em〉D. magna〈/em〉. As confirmed in fluorescence spectrophotometry and high-content screening system analysis, the hydrogen NB water also significantly reduced the oxidative damage and improved Cu tolerance in 〈em〉D. magna〈/em〉. From the results, it can be inferred that hydrogen NB water alleviates Cu stress in 〈em〉D. magna〈/em〉 by depressing Cu bioaccumulation and reducing oxidative stress. The results provide basic data of hydrogen NB water for environmental toxicologists, and also a reference for the application of hydrogen NB water in the environment.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301436-ga1.jpg" width="299" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Sameh S. Ali, Michael Kornaros, Alessandro Manni, Jianzhong Sun, Abd El-Raheem R. El-Shanshoury, El-Refaie Kenawy, Maha A. Khalil〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Catalpa sawdust (CSW) is a promising biomass-based biofuel. However, the complex lignocellulosic structure limits its efficient utilization in biorefinery applications. It is even more so when chlorophenols (CPs), highly toxic organic substances widely used as wood preservatives, are present. Hence, it is crucial to develop effective and eco-friendly approaches to attain deconstruction of lignocellulose and chlorophenols simultaneously as well as to improve methane (CH〈sub〉4〈/sub〉) production efficiently. This study might be the first to explore the performance of the novel constructed microbial consortia CS-5 and BC-4 on woody biomass degradation and CPs detoxification simultaneously with CH〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 production. After the degradation of CSW and CPs for 15 days by C5-5 or BC-4, significant reduction in lignocellulosic components and CPs mixture was realized with a total weight loss of 69.2 and 56.3 % and CPs degradation of 89 and 95 %, respectively. The toxicity of individual or mixed CPs after 15 days of degradation was reduced by approximately 90 %. The synergistic action of CS-5 and BC-4 enhanced biogas and CH〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 yields over 76 and 64 % respectively, higher than control. Furthermore, CH〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 production increased by 113.7 % at the peak phase of AD process. 〈em〉Methanosataceae〈/em〉 represented 45.1 % of the methanogenic 〈em〉Archaea〈/em〉 in digester G-III.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300625-ga1.jpg" width="500" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Li-Zhi Huang, Chu Zhou, Miaolong Shen, Enlai Gao, Chunbo Zhang, Xin-Ming Hu, Yiqun Chen, Yingwen Xue, Zizheng Liu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Developing efficient catalysts for persulfate (PS) activation is important for the potential application of sulfate-radical-based advanced oxidation process. Herein, we demonstrate single iron atoms confined in MoS〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 nanosheets with dual catalytic sites and synergistic catalysis as highly reactive and stable catalysts for efficient catalytic oxidation of recalcitrant organic pollutants 〈em〉via〈/em〉 activation of PS. The dual reaction sites and the interaction between Fe and Mo greatly enhance the catalytic performance for PS activation. The radical scavenger experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance results confirm and SO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉〈sup〉〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-eu-west-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/rad"〉〈/sup〉〈sup〉−〈/sup〉 rather than HO〈sup〉〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-eu-west-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/rad"〉〈/sup〉 is responsible for aniline degradation. The high catalytic performance of Fe〈sub〉0.36〈/sub〉Mo〈sub〉0.64〈/sub〉S〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 was interpreted by density functional theory (DFT) calculations 〈em〉via〈/em〉 strong metal-support interactions and the low formal oxidation state of Fe in Fe〈em〉〈sub〉x〈/sub〉〈/em〉Mo〈sub〉1-〈/sub〉〈em〉〈sub〉x〈/sub〉〈/em〉S〈sub〉2〈/sub〉. Fe〈em〉〈sub〉x〈/sub〉〈/em〉Mo〈sub〉1-〈/sub〉〈em〉〈sub〉x〈/sub〉〈/em〉S〈sub〉2〈/sub〉/PS system can effectively remove various persistent organic pollutants and works well in a real water environment. Also, Fe〈em〉〈sub〉x〈/sub〉〈/em〉Mo〈sub〉1-〈/sub〉〈em〉〈sub〉x〈/sub〉〈/em〉S〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 can efficiently activate peroxymonosulfate, sulfite and H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, suggesting its potential practical applications under various circumstances.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301254-ga1.jpg" width="350" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Ali Asghar Javidparvar, Reza Naderi, Bahram Ramezanzadeh〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉One of the main limitations for large scale mass production of reduced graphene oxide is the application of some toxic and hazardous reducing agents such as hydrazine and borohydride. In this study, the effectiveness of the 〈span〉l〈/span〉-Cys (HSCH〈sub〉2〈/sub〉CH(NH〈sub〉2〈/sub〉)CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉H) molecules, as a green amino acid in the GO reduction, as well as its active corrosion inhibition capacity were explored. The 〈span〉l〈/span〉-Cys/GO nanosheets were then modified by trivalent-cerium ions to obtain a nanocarrier with excellent controlled release activity. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization tests were used to measure the smart corrosion inhibition activity of the cerium modified 〈span〉l〈/span〉-Cys/GO nanocarrier in the saline solution and epoxy coating. The results showed that the cerium ions adsorption on the 〈span〉l〈/span〉-Cys/GO nanosheets obeyed a Langmuir isotherm model. The 〈span〉l〈/span〉-Cys/GO sample showed cerium ions adsorption capacity about 66% higher than the unmodified GO nanosheets. Furthermore, the EIS tests results revealed that in the presence of cerium modified 〈span〉l〈/span〉-Cys/GO nanocarriers the improvement in the corrosion resistance of bare steel in the solution phase and coated sample was about 7.5 times (after 24 h) and 950 times (after 40 days) higher than the blank saline solution and the pure epoxy sample, respectively.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301230-ga1.jpg" width="240" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Mostafa R. AbuKhadra, Aya S. Mohamed, Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny, Mohammed A. Elmeligy〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Novel green nanocomposite from mesoporous MCM-41 and Co〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 was synthesized from rice husk based silica gel and using the green extract of Peach leaves as reducing reagent. The composite was labeled as RH-MCM-41/Co〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 and characterized by different techniques as green photocatalyst in the degradation of Acephate pesticide under visible light illumination. The composite showed well developed spherical MCM-41 particles decorated by nano Co〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 nanoparticles with stunning surface area and low bandgap energy (1.51 eV). The composite displayed superior photocatalytic activities in the oxidation of Acephate which reflected in a complete degradation of different concentrations of it after 40 min (50 mg/L), 60 min (100 mg/L), 100 min (150 mg/L) and 140 min (200 mg/L) using 0.25 g of the composite. The complete removal of the present TOC for treatment of 100 mg/L acephate was achieved using 0.25 g after 70 min reflecting the formation of intermediate compounds during the oxidation steps. The reported intermediate compounds are CH〈sub〉3〈/sub〉C(O)NH〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, CH〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O(CH〈sub〉3〈/sub〉S)P(O)NH〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, (CH〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O)〈sub〉2〈/sub〉P(O)SCH〈sub〉3〈/sub〉, CH〈sub〉3〈/sub〉OP(O)(OH)〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, CH〈sub〉3〈/sub〉SS(O)〈sub〉2〈/sub〉CH〈sub〉3〈/sub〉, and (COOH)〈sub〉2〈/sub〉. All the formed intermediate compounds were degraded under the visible light photocatalytic activity of RH-MCM-41/Co〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 into NO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉〈sup〉−〈/sup〉, SO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉〈sup〉2-〈/sup〉, PO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉〈sup〉3-〈/sup〉, and CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 as final products.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301175-ga1.jpg" width="302" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Linlin Chen, Hui Chen, Donghui Lu, Xiangyang Xu, Liang Zhu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Inhibition of high calcium during anaerobic wastewater treatment has been studied in recent years, focusing on calcium precipitates in anaerobic granule but neglecting the effect of functional microbes. In this study, key factors of calcification and microbial behaviors especially methanogens of calcified anaerobic granule (AnGS) were investigated in batch assays with calcium level varying from 0 to 5 g L〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉. The results showed that the COD removal efficiency and specific methane activity of calcified AnGS were restrained with calcium addition, especially high calcium (〉2 g L〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉), and little tolerance of calcified AnGS to Ca〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 was underlined compared with non-calcified AnGS. Analysis of calcium mass flow from solution to sludge validated the formation of calcium precipitates influenced by calcium concentration, pH and HCO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉〈sup〉−〈/sup〉. Besides, death of microbes in outer layer of anaerobic granules was triggered by calcium precipitation. Most importantly, aceticlastic 〈em〉Methanothrix〈/em〉 genus was the dominant methanogen, and its relative abundance was correlative negatively with cumulative decrease of bulk Ca〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉. Hydrogenotrophic 〈em〉Methanobacterium〈/em〉 was enriched at higher calcium level, and it suggested that hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis could play a role in alleviating the inhibition of high calcium.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301199-ga1.jpg" width="389" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yukun Huang, Yangbo Geng, Guihong Han, Yijun Cao, Weijun Peng, Xiaofeng Zhu, Ting-an Zhang, Zhihe Dou〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉A new route for selective recovery of zinc from hazardous zinc plant purification residue was proposed by alkaline leaching process. The thermodynamic analysis revealed that by controlling solution pH in the range from 14.30 to 16.78 at 25 °C, basic zinc sulfate can be converted to ZnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉〈sup〉2−〈/sup〉 instead of Zn(OH)〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, while Cd will enter into alkaline leaching residue as a hydroxide. It is feasible to leach selectively Zn and to separate it with Cd by alkaline leaching, and the experimental results confirm that. Under the conditions of NaOH concentration of 3 mol/L, L/S of 20 ml/g, temperature of 40 °C, and time of 50 min, LR of Zn reached 96.14% while them of Pb and Cd were only 0.66% and 2.83% respectively. ZnO with hexagonal wurtzite structure and Cd(OH)〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 were the main phases of leaching residue. They crystallized and adhered to the surface of leaching residue particles, which result in the loose and random particle morphology. The findings confirm that alkaline leaching is efficient in separation of Zn and Cd in ZPPR. In addition, nano-ZnO with flowerlike was synthesized with the zinc-rich leaching solution by precipitation method and the its photocatalytic property was similar to that of nano-ZnO purchased.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300765-ga1.jpg" width="336" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 15 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Young-Soo Han, Jin Hee Park〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉This study examined the geochemical behavior of antimony (Sb) in a vegetated contaminated soil column consisting of unsaturated rhizosphere and a waterlogging layer. The results showed a reducing condition (Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) of −171 mV) was formed in about 5 days in the waterlogging zone. The amount of Sb released was higher under the oxidizing unsaturated-rhizosphere compared to that in the waterlogging zone possibly because of the weaker affinity of Sb(V) to Mn- and/or Fe-oxides in soil. The fraction of Sb(III) in the dissolved total Sb increased with time when soil redox states were subjected to a further reduction. Solid phase Sb K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) of soils showed that Sb(III) fraction of the deeper layer soil increased while the unsaturated upper soil solely composed Sb(V). In this study, 250 mg/kg of Sb pollution did not significantly affect plant growth and no significant transport of Sb occurred from the soil to plant. However, changes in redox conditions within the soil column induced a shift in soil microbial communities. Consequently, the importance of redox states of soil on geochemical behavior of Sb and the effects of soil flooding or waterlogging deserve attention in the management of Sb-contaminated soil.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300984-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 14 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Xueci Xing, Tong Li, Zhihao Bi, Peng Qi, Zesong Li, Haibo Wang, Lai Lyu, Yaowen Gao, Chun Hu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The change of water quality was investigated in pilot-scale ozone-biological activated carbon (O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉-BAC) filters using an emerging coconut shell-based granular activated carbon (CAC) or traditional granular activated carbon (GAC), respectively. More dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and disinfection by-products (DBPs) precursors were removed, meanwhile, less microbes, less metabolites and smaller microbial clusters were detected in the effluent of CAC compared with GAC. Sequentially, lower DBPs formation and higher disinfection efficiency were achieved in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs). Furthermore, it was observed that extracellular electron transfer was enhanced in the attached biofilms of CAC, hence improving the microbial metabolic activity and biological removal of DOC. The results were attributed to the strong interaction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) with highly graphitized CAC. In addition, CAC resulted in totally different EPS in attached biofilms with superior characteristics including stronger viscosity, higher flocculating efficiency, mechanical stability and numerous binding sites for bacterial cells. Consequently, a wide range of compact interconnected biofilms formed on the surface of CAC and exhibited certain binding effect for microbial flocs and metabolites. Therefore, CAC resulted in higher microbial metabolic activity and lower release of microbes and metabolites, which was beneficial to maintain water quality safety in downstream DWDSs.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300637-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Guohua Chang, Bin Yue, Tianpeng Gao, Wende Yan, Gang Pan〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Phenol contamination is a common occurrence in aquatic environments in different parts of the world and strategies that utilize cheap and eco-friendly phytoremediation technologies are required to overcome associated environmental problems. In the present study, the submersed macrophyte 〈em〉Hydrilla verticillata〈/em〉 (L.F.) Royle was exposed to different concentrations of phenol (0–200 mg L〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉) to assess its potential in phenol treatment. 〈em〉H. verticillata〈/em〉 efficiently degraded phenol in solutions with initial concentrations lower than 200 mg L〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉. The adverse effects of phenol on physiological parameters of 〈em〉H. verticillata〈/em〉 were also investigated after 7 d of phenol stress. In order to explore the effect of phenol on the metabolism of 〈em〉H. verticillata〈/em〉 during phytoremediation, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used to analyze endogenous soluble organic compounds. The results revealed the presence of greater than 60 soluble organic compounds in 〈em〉H. verticillata〈/em〉. In the process of phenol degradation, fatty acid composition and carbon number distribution were affected in the plants while unsaturated fatty acid content was significantly lower, and several compounds including aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and aromatic ketones were degraded while new compounds were synthesized by the plant. In summary, 〈em〉H. verticillata〈/em〉 is a promising candidate for the phytoremediation of the phenol-contaminated aquatic system.〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Mingzi Shi, Xinyu Zhao, Longji Zhu, Junqiu Wu, Taha Ahmed Mohamed, Xu Zhang, Xiaomeng Chen, Yue Zhao, Zimin Wei〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Humic substance (HS), as an aromatic compound, is the core product of aerobic fermentation. Denitrification-dependent degradation of aromatic compounds have been repeatedly observed in environment. However, few studies have elucidated the relationship between denitrification and aromatic HS during sludge aerobic fermentation. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of enhanced denitrification on aromatic HS formation. On the 24th day of sludge aerobic fermentation, five tests (CK, Run1, Run2, Run3 and Run4) were executed, and nitrate concentrations were adjusted to 480 ± 20, 500 ± 20, 1000 ± 20, 1500 ± 20 and 2000 ± 20 mg/kg with potassium nitrate, respectively. Analytical results demonstrated that nitrate addition increased denitrifying genes abundance and enhanced denitrification, which further reduced aromatic HS formation (〈em〉p〈/em〉 〈 0.05). Especially in Run3, the concentrations of HS and humic acid on the 52nd day dramatically decreased by 12.9 % and 34.2 % in comparison with those on the 31st day. High-throughput sequencing revealed that enhanced denitrification effectively stimulated the metabolism of denitrifying microorganisms with aromatic-degrading capability. Co-occurring network analysis indicated that some keystone taxa of denitrification aromatic-degrading microorganisms involved in the conversion of nitrate to nitrite were the most crucial for enhancing denitrification and reducing aromatic HS formation.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300728-ga1.jpg" width="403" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Xiangmin Liu, Yunbo Zhai, Shanhong Li, Bei Wang, Tengfei Wang, Yali Liu, Zhenzi Qiu, Caiting Li〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In this study, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sewage sludge(SS) was carried out at a temperature of 270℃ and a resulting pressure of 7–9 MPa with 2 h. The effect of feed water pH values in the range of 2–12 on hydrochar characteristics, organic component and thermal behavior was evaluated. The result shows that with the pH value increasing, ash content shows a trend of decline, and organic components in the hydrochar become significantly simpler than SS. hydrochar is more beneficial to produce a fatty substance during an acidic environment and alkaline environments favor the formation of N-containing organic compounds and ketone organics, especially in strongly alkaline environments. Compared to the SS, hydrochar burning interval shortened 100℃ and the combustion of hydrochar is more durable. Considering the organic composition and combustion performance of hydrochar, it is found that the hydrochar prepared under 270-5 condition has the best effect.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300704-ga1.jpg" width="500" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Fankun Zhou, Guangming Yin, Yanyan Gao, Lu Ouyang, Sisi Liu, Qiyue Jia, Han Yu, Zhipeng Zha, Kai Wang, Jie Xie, Ying Fan, Lijian Shao, Chang Feng, Guangqin Fan〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The heavy metals, namely lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg), have been studied extensively in various independent studies. It has been seen that these metals are usually detected simultaneously in the human blood at low levels. However, it is unknown whether exposure to these heavy metal mixtures (MM) can induce neurological damages at these low levels. Therefore, we investigated the influence of the Pb, Cd, and Hg mixture on the nervous system in rats at exposure doses equivalent to those normally found in the human blood. After pregnant rats being exposed to MM via drinking water throughout the gestation and lactation, their offspring were followed-up till adulthood. MM caused cognitive deficits and impairments in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, MM disrupted dendritic spines, the structural basis of learning and memory, and induced changes in spine-related pathways. Meanwhile, we explored an early and safe way to remedy these impairments through a postnatal enriched environment. The enriched environment ameliorated MM-impaired cognitive function, synaptic plasticity, and spine-related pathways. This study demonstrated that low-dose co-exposure to Pb, Cd, and Hg can cause cognitive and synaptic plasticity deficits and timely intervention through the enriched environment has a certain corrective effect.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300674-ga1.jpg" width="435" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Xuejiao Ma, Miao Li, Chuanping Feng, Zhen He〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Electrochemical reduction is effective to remove nitrate but byproducts such as ammonia and nitrite would need chloride addition for indirect oxidation to nitrogen gas. Herein, electrochemical nitrate reduction was investigated to remove nitrate from a mimicked reverse osmosis (RO) brine containing chloride that eliminates the need for external chloride addition. Both Cu/Zn and Ti nano cathodes exhibited the best performance of nitrate removal with 〉97 % removal in either Na〈sub〉2〈/sub〉SO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 or NaCl electrolyte, although with different products. Complete nitrate reduction to nitrogen gas was realized in the RO brine whose complex composition decreased the electrode efficiency, for example from 71.4 ± 0.2%–49.4 ± 0.3 % with the Cu/Zn cathode after 5 cycles of operation. Magnesium was recovered at the same time of nitrate removal and the purity of Mg(II) could reach 96.8 ± 2.0 % after proper pH pre-treatment. In a preliminary adsorption study, a key byproduct – chlorate was reduced by 49.8 ± 2.7 % after 3-h adsorption by 100 g L〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 activated carbon. These results have demonstrated the simultaneous electrochemical nitrate removal and resource recovery from a complex water like a RO brine and provided new information such as byproduct management and electrode deterioration.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300716-ga1.jpg" width="282" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Huihui Zhu, Liang Chen, Wei Xing, Shangmin Ran, Zhihui Wei, Maurice Amee, Misganaw Wassie, Hong Niu, Diyong Tang, Jie Sun, Dongyun Du, Jun Yao, Haobo Hou, Ke Chen, Jie Sun〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Due to the long growth period of plants, phytoremediation is time costly. Improving the accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in shoots of plants will promote the efficiency of phytoremediation. In this study, two senescence-relative phytohormones, abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA), were applied to strengthening phytoremediation of Cd by tall fescue (〈em〉Festuca arundinacea〈/em〉 S.). Under hydroponic culture, phytohormones treatment increased the Cd content of shoots 11.4-fold over the control, reaching 316.3 mg/kg (dry weight). Phytohormones-induced senescence contributes to the transport of heavy metals, and HMA3 was found to play a key role in this process. Additionally, this strategy could strengthen the accumulation of Cu and Zn in tall fescue shoots. Moreover, in soil pot culture, the strategy increased shoot Cd contents 2.56-fold over the control in tall fescue, and 2.55-fold over the control in Indian mustard (〈em〉Brassica juncea〈/em〉 L.), indicating its comprehensive adaptability and potential use in the field. In summary, senescence-induced heavy metal transport is developed as a novel strategy to strengthen phytoremediation. The strategy could be applied at the end of phytoremediation with an additional short duration (7 days) with comprehensive adaptability, and markedly strengthen the phytoremediation in the field.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300662-ga1.jpg" width="269" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Mahdiyeh Hajieghrari, Parisa Hejazi〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In this research, biodegradation of hexadecane as a model contaminant in solid soil using both free and immobilized 〈em〉Pseudomonas Aeruginosa〈/em〉, capable of producing biosurfactant, was investigated. Coconut fibers in three mesh sizes were used as a cellulosic biocarrier for immobilization procedure. Bioremediation experiments were monitored for 60 days after incubation at 27 °C in small columns, containing contaminated solid soil, with the capability of aeration from bottom to top. The difference in the number of immobilized bacteria cells on the fibers with different particle sizes, emphasizes the importance of choosing an optimized carrier size. Enhancement in hexadecane degradation up to 50 % at the end of experiments was achieved by immobilized 〈em〉Pseudomonas Aeruginosa〈/em〉 on the fibers with a mesh size between 8 and 16 compared to inoculation of free bacteria cells into the soil. Effect of mixing the pretreated fibers with soil and inoculating free cells into this mixture was also investigated compared to free cell experiments without fiber, which led to 28 % decrease in hexadecane degradation. Obtained kinetic equations for experiments confirm the impact of immobilization of bacteria on the enhancement of biodegradation rate and reduction of the half-life of the contaminant is soil.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301229-ga1.jpg" width="308" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 18 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Marcelino Antonio Zúñiga-Estrada, Gabriela A. Vázquez-Rodríguez, Màrius Ramírez-Cardona, Liliana Lizárraga-Mendiola〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉We report on the geochemical interactions between a synthetic urban runoff (SUR) and the minerals of materials used in a multi-layered column filter (soil, sand, gravel, and tezontle) at the laboratory scale, which mimicked an unvegetated low-impact development (LID) system. After five 8 h infiltration cycles using the SUR, the average concentrations of Pb and Mn decreased slightly at the column outlet, as did HCO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉-, SO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉〈sup〉2-〈/sup〉, and Na〈sup〉+〈/sup〉, whereas Mg increased and Cl-, Ca〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉, and K〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 were only detected at the outlet. The filter materials were comprised of silicates, Mn-bearing oxides (hausmannite and manganite), carbonates (calcite), chlorides (sylvite), and sulfates (anglesite, lanarkite, barite, and epsomite). PHREEQC modeling allowed the identification of the geochemical processes that occurred in the filter. The results showed the removal capacity of the filter materials through the formation of secondary minerals such as rhodochrosite (MnCO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉) and the over-saturation of anglesite (PbSO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉), and also showed that they may mobilize ions from the upper to the interior layers (as Mg〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 from epsomite, MgSO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉·7H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O, and Ba〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 from barite, BaSO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉). We highlight the importance of knowing the geological nature of filter materials used in LID systems because they may lead to the geogenic mobilization of toxic contaminants to the environment.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301242-ga1.jpg" width="158" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Minjie Jian, Ping Xue, Keren Shi, Rui Li, Lan Ma, Peng Li〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Indole is a high-toxic refractory nitrogen-containing compound that could cause serious harm to the human and ecosystem. It has been a challenge to develop economical and efficient technology for degrading indole. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) has great potential in the removal of organic pollutants utilizing microorganisms as catalysts to degrade organic matter into the nutrients. Herein, a novel anode of Fe〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉-polyaniline-dopamine hybrid composite modified carbon felt (Fe〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉-PDHC/CF) was prepared by electrochemical deposition. The degradation efficiency of indole by the MFC loading Fe〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉-PDHC/CF anode was up to 90.3 % in 120 h operation, while that of the MFC loading CF anode was only 44.0 %. The maximum power density of the MFC loading Fe〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉-PDHC/CF anode was 3184.4 mW·m〈sup〉−2〈/sup〉, increasing 113 % compared to the MFC loading CF anode. The superior performances of the MFC with Fe〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉-PDHC surface-modified anode owned to the synergistic effect of high conductive Fe〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 and admirably biocompatible polyaniline-dopamine. MFC with the Fe〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉-PDHC/CF anode could produce considerable electricity and effectively degrade indole in water, which demonstrated a practical approach for the efficient degradation of refractory organic compounds in wastewater.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301114-ga1.jpg" width="355" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Mukesh Kumar Awasthi, Yumin Duan, Sanjeev Kumar Awasthi, Tao Liu, Hongyu Chen, Ashok Pandey, Zengqiang Zhang, Mohammad J. Taherzadeh〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉This study evaluated the effect of integrated bacterial culture and biochar on heavy metal (HM) stabilization and microbial activity during pig manure composting. High-throughput sequencing was carried out on six treatments, namely T1-T6, where T2 was single application of bacteria culture (C), T3 and T5 were supplemented with 12 % wood (WB) and wheat-straw biochar (WSB), respectively, and T4 and T6 had a combination of bacterial consortium mixed with biochar (12 % WB and 12 % WSB, respectively). T1 was used as control for the comparison. The results show that the populations of bacterial phyla were significantly greater in T6 and T4. The predominate phylum were 〈em〉Proteobacteria〈/em〉 (56.22 %), 〈em〉Bacteroidetes〈/em〉 (35.40 %), and 〈em〉Firmicutes〈/em〉 (8.38 %), and the dominant genera were 〈em〉Marinimicrobium〈/em〉 (53.14 %), 〈em〉Moheibacter〈/em〉 (35.22 %), and 〈em〉Erysipelothrix〈/em〉 (5.02 %). Additionally, the correlation analysis revealed the significance of T6, as the interaction of biochar and bacterial culture influenced the HM adsorption efficiency and microbial dynamics during composting. Overall, the integrated bacterial culture and biochar application promoted the immobilization of HMs (Cu and Zn) owing to improved adsorption, and enhanced the abundance and selectivity of the bacterial community to promote degradation and improving the safety and quality of the final compost product.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301023-ga1.jpg" width="320" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Qing Du, Shuaishuai Zhang, Jingpeng Song, Ying Zhao, Fan Yang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In this paper, we have successfully prepared porous magnetic biochar with excellent surface area and recovery rate using corn stalks (CS) and waste iron (WI) as precursors. Notably, in order to prevent the incorporated iron oxides from blocking the carbon pores, then resulting in a decrease in specific surface area and reducing the removal efficiency of the material, the optimum range of iron ions can be determined to be 0.04–0.06 mol/L according to the effect of the amount of iron on the magnetic biochar recovery rate and Pb〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 removal capacity. Furthermore, as-synthesized artificial humic acid (A-HA) obtained from waste biomass by hydrothermal humification (HTH) technology has abundant functional groups, which can complex with heavy metals and metal oxides. Therefore, A-HA is introduced as an activator to produce novel porous magnetic biochar materials (AHA/Fe〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉-〈em〉γ〈/em〉Fe〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉@PBC) with abundant functional groups (i.e., phenolic−OH, −COOH, etc.), providing high dispersibility and stability, further leading to excellent removal performance (Langmuir removal capacity up to 99.82 mg/g) and recyclable performance (removal capacity after 5 removal cycles is 79.04 mg/g). Multiple removal mechanisms have been revealed, including reduction, complexation, and precipitation.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301011-ga1.jpg" width="355" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 17 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Lingli Zhu, Dekui Shen, Kai Hong Luo〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have attracted world-wide attention regarding their serious hazards on ecological environment and human health. Industrial processes such as fossil fuel combustion, petrochemicals, painting, coatings, pesticides, plastics, contributed to the large proportion of anthropogenic VOCs emission. Destructive methods (catalysis oxidation and biofiltration) and recovery methods (absorption, adsorption, condensation and membrane separation) have been developed for VOCs removal. Adsorption is established as one of the most promising strategies for VOCs abatement thanks to its characteristics of cost-effectiveness, simplicity and low energy consumption. The prominent progress in VOCs adsorption by different kinds of porous materials (such as carbon-based materials, oxygen-contained materials, organic polymers and composites is carefully summarized in this work, concerning the mechanism of adsorbate-adsorbent interactions, modification methods for the mentioned porous materials, and enhancement of VOCs adsorption capacity. This overview is to provide a comprehensive understanding of VOCs adsorption mechanisms and up-to-date progress of modification technologies for different porous materials.〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 16 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yasin Orooji, Mojgan Ghanbari, Masoud Salavati-Niasari〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Silver iodide/graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposites have been successfully fabricated through sonication-assisted deposition-precipitation route at room temperature and hydrothermal method. Varied mass ratios and preparation processes can modify the structure, purity, shape, and scale of specimens. The purity of the product was confirmed by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray crystallography. The morphology and size of specimens could be observed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The bandgap was evaluated around 2.82 eV for pure g-C〈sub〉3〈/sub〉N〈sub〉4〈/sub〉. The bandgap has reduced to 2.70 eV by increasing the quantity of silver iodide in the nanocomposites. The photocatalytic activity of AgI/C〈sub〉3〈/sub〉N〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 has been studied over the destruction of rhodamine B (RhB) and methyl orange (MO) through visible radiation due to their suitable bandgap. The as-prepared AgI/C〈sub〉3〈/sub〉N〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 nanocomposites photocatalyst revealed better photocatalytic behavior than the genuine AgI and C〈sub〉3〈/sub〉N〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 which ascribed to synergic impacts at the interconnection of C〈sub〉3〈/sub〉N〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 and AgI. Furthermore, these nanocomposites have great potential for being a great antibacterial agent.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300650-ga1.jpg" width="244" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Lianhua Liu, Wei Ouyang, Yidi Wang, Mats Tysklind, Fanghua Hao, Hongbin Liu, Xin Hao, Yixue Xu, Chunye Lin, Liya Su〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The main aim of this study was to explore the effects of climate conditions on the transport and transformation of heavy metals. Sedimentary geochemical analysis and watershed modeling were used to investigate the distinctions between heavy metal pollution under different climate conditions. The results showed that the average concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Pb in sediments of the subtropical watershed (36.64, 0.60, and 133.69 mg/kg, respectively) were higher than those of the temperate watershed (26.58, 0.19, and 23.17 mg/kg, respectively) because of surface runoff-induced heavy metal loadings under higher precipitation. Also, the labile fractions, which mainly originated from anthropogenic sources, showed higher percentages in the subtropical watershed (67.84–91.33%), thereby indicating that the transport of heavy metals was promoted by surface runoff. Moreover, higher percentages of acid-soluble fractions of Cu and Pb (23.55–33.60%) in the subtropical watershed suggested that higher temperatures accelerated the transformation of heavy metal fractions, thus contributing to the transportation of heavy metals. Overall, climate conditions were the dominant factors for the differences between the subtropical and temperate watersheds. The results of this study suggest that the effects of climate conditions on the transport, enrichment, and bioavailability of heavy metals are of great significance. Such effects should therefore be the focus of future studies.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301138-ga1.jpg" width="304" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Reshu Chauhan, Surabhi Awasthi, Yuvraj Indoliya, Abhishek Singh Chauhan, Shashank Mishra, Lalit Agrawal, Sudhakar Srivastava, Sanjay Dwivedi, Poonam C. Singh, Shekhar Mallick, Puneet Singh Chauhan, Veena Pande, Debasis Chakrabarty, Rudra Deo Tripathi〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Arsenic (As), a chronic poison and non-threshold carcinogen, is a food chain contaminant in rice, posing yield losses as well as serious health risks. Selenium (Se), a trace element, is a known antagonist of As toxicity. In present study, RNA seq. and proteome profiling, along with morphological analyses were performed to explore molecular cross-talk involved in Se mediated As stress amelioration. The repair of As induced structural deformities involving disintegration of cell wall and membranes were observed upon Se supplementation. The expression of As transporter genes 〈em〉viz.,〈/em〉 NIP1;1, NIP2;1, ABCG5, NRAMP1, NRAMP5, TIP2;2 as well as sulfate transporters, SULTR3;1 and SULTR3;6, were higher in As + Se compared to As alone exposure, which resulted in reduced As accumulation and toxicity. The higher expression of regulatory elements like AUX/IAA, WRKY and MYB TFs during As + Se exposure was also observed. The up-regulation of GST, PRX and GRX during As + Se exposure confirmed the amelioration of As induced oxidative stress. The abundance of proteins involved in photosynthesis, energy metabolism, transport, signaling and ROS homeostasis were found higher in As + Se than in As alone exposure. Overall, present study identified Se responsive pathways, genes and proteins involved to cope-up with As toxicity in rice.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301102-ga1.jpg" width="257" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Jianhong Li, Shan-Li Wang, Jingmin Zhang, Lirong Zheng, Dongliang Chen, Sabry M. Shaheen, Jörg Rinklebe, Yong Sik Ok, Hailong Wang, Weidong Wu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Coconut-fiber biochar (CFB) was applied at 3% (w/w) to two soils spiked with 250, 2500, 5000 mg kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 of lead (Pb), respectively, aiming to explore the effects of CFB and the significance of iron (Fe) plaque on rice roots on the accumulation and translocation of Pb in rice plants using micro-X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption spectroscopies. The CFB amendment resulted in a significant decrease in the EDTA-extractable Pb availability in the soils, which might be attributed to the increased amounts of Pb-loaded humic acid and Pb〈sub〉3〈/sub〉(PO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉)〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 formed in the soils. Consequently, the addition of CFB caused a significant decrease in Pb concentrations of the brown rice harvested from the CFB-amended soils under all Pb levels by 14 %–47 %, as compared to those from the unamended soils. Therefore, CFB could be used as an immobilizing agent for Pb in contaminated soils. However, CFB application significantly inhibited the formation of Fe/Mn plaques on rice roots and reduced its interception effect on Pb uptake, which consequently increased the Pb translocation rate from root to shoot. Therefore, the increased translocation rate of Pb in rice plants by CFB should not be ignored when CFB is applied to remediate Pb-contaminated paddy soils.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301035-ga1.jpg" width="304" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Hongjie Zhu, Zhihao Chen, Youyou Hu, Lingxuan Gong, Dandan Li, Zhengkui Li〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The Z-scheme photocatalyst is valuable for use in polluted water purification. To improve the practical application value of the Z-scheme, in this study, a nano α-Fe〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 and P3HT composite photocatalyst array was synthesized by electrophoretic deposition for the first time. This material was named F1P. The EPR, VBXPS and in situ illumination XPS analyses indicated that the charge transfer path of F1P conforms to the Z-scheme, and F1P array has a high light energy conversion efficiency. Due to the advantages of the Z-scheme system and the good light harvesting ability, F1P exhibited a good degradation effect on different types of pollutants under visible light irradiation. The degradation efficiency of tetracycline and bisphenol A by F1P can reach 97 % and 99 %, respectively. Moreover, F1P showed a certain resistance to water quality changes. After four cycles, F1P can maintain the structural stability and good pollutant treatment effect. Due to the high redox ability of F1P, the complex structure of pollutants can be destroyed and the degradation path of pollutants in F1P system was also analyzed. This study provides a new way of synthesizing Z-scheme systems and immobilizing Z-scheme photocatalysts. F1P is a new material with high practicability.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301072-ga1.jpg" width="273" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Zhe Yang, Wei Zhang, Yumei Li, Changxiang Wang, Sen Yang, Zhi Tang, Danqing Liu, Yilian Li〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Coal ash (CA) becomes the most significant industrial solid waste and attracts much attention due to its potential environmental risk and reuse as the supplementary material. In this study, experiments were conducted to investigate the mode of occurrence and the leaching behavior of valuable trace metals (U, V, and Ga) from CA and (NH〈sub〉4〈/sub〉)〈sub〉2〈/sub〉SO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉-treated CA (NCA), based on the recovery of aluminum. Integrations of Fe- and K-oxide with Si-Al glass increased the ash strength and obstructed the activation of NH〈sub〉4〈/sub〉〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 on amorphous Al-bearing phases, resulting in a limited improvement in the leaching efficiency of trace metals. On the other side, a higher liquidus temperature, contributing to the dissolutions of Al〈sup〉3+〈/sup〉 and Ca〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉, could promote the leaching of U from NCA as well, whereas the water-leaching behaviors of V and Ga involved a sophisticated trend with temperature 〉 40℃. Water-leached V/Ga tended to transfer into Fe-Mn oxide-bound and residual V/Ga owing to the noticeable hydrolysis of Fe and Ti ions that facilitated the formation of coprecipitation. However, 0.1 M H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉SO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 could re-dissolve that coprecipitation, and thus leaching efficiencies of U, V, and Ga were 1.9, 1.3, and 5.0 times higher than those by directly leaching CA, respectively.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300996-ga1.jpg" width="397" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Jianying Wang, Jiaying Zhang, Jing Wang, Guozhen Fang, Jifeng Liu, Shuo Wang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Extensive use of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) in crop protection has aroused worldwidely great concern about safety and the detection of OPs is of great significance to food safety and human health. In this work, peptides attached with tetraphenylethylene (TPE) molecule were synthesized to from an aggregation-induced emission fluorescent probe (TPE-Peptide) for the determination of OPs. The working mechanism was as follows: in presence of OPs, OPs would react with active site serine in the peptide sequence via covalent bond and adducts were formed between OPs and the peptides; once formed, the adducts accelerated the aggregation of peptides, thus inducing strong emission of TPE-Peptide probe. So the adducts formation and the enhanced emission of the TPE-Peptide probe were the key factors for the OPs' sensing. Herein, the adducts formed between OPs and TPE-Peptide probe, the aggregated peptide fibrils were characterized by fluorescence, mass spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy, circular dichroism spectra and confocal fluorescence microscopy etc. This TPE-Peptide probe displayed highly sensitive fluorescence response where OPs' concentrations ranged from 1 to 100 μM with the limit of detection 0.6 μM and also showed selectivity.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300601-ga1.jpg" width="305" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Hwa-Kyung Lee, Kyeongnam Kim, Junghak Lee, Jonghwa Lee, Jiho Lee, Sooyeon Kim, Sung-Eun Lee, Jeong-Han Kim〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Endosulfan sulfate is a major oxidative metabolite of the chlorinated insecticide endosulfan. In this study, a targeted metabolomics approach was used to investigate the toxic mechanisms of endosulfan sulfate in adult zebrafish using the multiple reaction monitoring mode of a GC-MS/MS. The LC〈sub〉50〈/sub〉 of endosulfan sulfate in adult zebrafish was determined and then zebrafish were exposed to endosulfan sulfate at one-tenth the LC〈sub〉50〈/sub〉 (0.1LC〈sub〉50〈/sub〉) or the LC〈sub〉50〈/sub〉 for 24 and 48 h. After exposure, the fish were extracted, derivatized and analyzed by GC-MS/MS for 379 metabolites to identify 170 metabolites. Three experimental groups (control, 0.1LC〈sub〉50〈/sub〉 and LC〈sub〉50〈/sub〉) were clearly separated in PLS-DA score plots. Based on the VIP, ANOVA, and fold change results, 40 metabolites were selected as biomarkers. Metabolic pathways associated with those metabolites were identified using MetaboAnalyst 4.0 as follows: aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, valine/leucine/isoleucine biosynthesis, citrate cycle, glycerolipid metabolism, and arginine/proline metabolism. Gene expression studies confirmed the activation of citrate cycle and glycerolipids metabolism. MDA levels of the exposed group significantly increased in oxidative toxicity assay tests. Such significant perturbations of important metabolites within key biochemical pathways must result in biologically hazardous effects in zebrafish.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S030438942030042X-ga1.jpg" width="466" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Xiangdong Tan, Huanqiao Li, Xianru Li, Wenjing Sun, Chengyu Jin, Lili Chen, Huangzhao Wei, Chenglin Sun〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉How to solve the poisoning and loss of catalysts in catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) process remains a great challenge. In this work, an electric field was introduced into wet air oxidation (WAO) process for the efficient degradation of isophorone (IP) wastewater for the first time, named as wet electrocatalytic oxidation (WEO) process. Different composite electrodes including Ti/PbO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, Ti/Pt, Ti/Ru-Ir and Ti/Ir-Ta electrode were selected as the anodes of WEO technique and the results showed that the total organic carbon (TOC) removal via WEO process with PbO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 anode (89.56 %) was much higher than CWAO equipped with noble metal catalyst (Ru/TiZrO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉, 75.0 %). Additionally, the current efficiency of WEO process was 85.6 %, which was significantly better than that of EO process (12.1 %). A response surface methodology was applied to elucidate the effects of reaction conditions on IP degradation. Analysis of response surface model showed TOC removal were markedly affected (〈em〉p〈/em〉 ≤ 0.01) by the reaction time (t), temperature (T), current density (I〈sub〉D〈/sub〉), T〈sup〉2〈/sup〉 and 〈math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="si6.svg"〉〈mrow〉〈msubsup〉〈mi〉I〈/mi〉〈mi〉D〈/mi〉〈mn〉2〈/mn〉〈/msubsup〉〈/mrow〉〈/math〉, and also determined (〈em〉p〈/em〉 ≤ 0.05) by the interactions of T with t and I〈sub〉D〈/sub〉 respectively. In addition, a synergistic effect was proved to take place in WEO process with synergistic effect factor 〈em〉f〈/em〉 of 1.2 at optimized conditions. As an advanced wastewater treatment technology, WEO integrates the advantages of both electro-catalytic oxidation (EO) and WAO.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300212-ga1.jpg" width="287" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Quanyun Ye, Zhiyan Huang, Pingxiao Wu, Jiayan Wu, Jiaxin Ma, Chenhui Liu, Shanshan Yang, Saeed Rehman, Zubair Ahmed, Nengwu Zhu, Zhi Dang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Improving the photocatalytic capacity of hydrochar to apply in wastewater treatment is of great significance. In this study, a novel heterogeneous photocatalytic material was prepared by compounding hydrochar with FeAl layered double hydroxide (FeAl-LDH). Furthermore, hydrochar was separated into hydrochar carbon matrix (HCM) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) to analyse their contribution in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The characterization and photocatalytic property of three composites (hydrochar-LDH, HCM-LDH and DOM-LDH) were investigated. The results showed that three composites were successfully synthesized with the formation of nano-sized LDH, graphitic carbon and oxygen vacancies. Persistent free radicals (PFRs) existed in hydrochar and the amount of them increased distinctly with the presence of FeAl-LDH. The degradation efficiency of DEP by hydrochar-LDH, HCM-LDH and DOM-LDH was 5.0, 4.2 and 1.5 times than that of hydrochar within 180 min, respectively. The reasons were proposed as: (i) Both HCM-LDH and DOM-LDH could induce the formation of 〈sup〉〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-eu-west-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/rad"〉〈/sup〉OH, O〈sub〉2〈/sub〉〈sup〉〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-eu-west-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/rad"〉〈/sup〉〈sup〉−〈/sup〉 and 〈sup〉1〈/sup〉O〈sub〉2〈/sub〉, while HCM-LDH was the main contributor to generate O〈sub〉2〈/sub〉〈sup〉〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-eu-west-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/rad"〉〈/sup〉〈sup〉−〈/sup〉 and 〈sup〉〈img src="https://sdfestaticassets-eu-west-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/16/entities/rad"〉〈/sup〉OH; (ii) HCM-LDH possessed many oxygenated functional groups, which were key factors affecting the formation of ROS; (iii) Fe could enhance the electron transfer process during the photoreaction, promoting the formation of ROS.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301084-ga1.jpg" width="356" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Bingyu Li, Dongning Wei, Zhuoqing Li, Yimin Zhou, Yongjie Li, Changhong Huang, Jiumei Long, HongLi Huang, Baiqing Tie, Ming Lei〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Roxarsone is a phenyl-substituted arsonic acid comprising both arsenate and benzene rings. Few adsorbents are designed for the effective capture of both the organic and inorganic moieties of ROX molecules. Herein, nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) particles were incorporated on the surface of sludge-based biochar (SBC) to fabricate a dual-affinity sorbent that attracts both the arsenate and benzene rings of ROX. The incorporation of nZVI particles significantly increased the binding affinity and sorption capacity for ROX molecules compared to pristine SBC and pure nZVI. The enhanced elimination of ROX molecules was ascribed to synergetic adsorption and degradation reactions, through π-π* electron donor/acceptor interactions, H-bonding, and As-O-Fe coordination. Among these, the predominate adsorption force was As-O-Fe coordination. During the sorption process, some ROX molecules were decomposed into inorganic arsenic and organic metabolites by the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during the early stages of the reaction. The degradation pathways of ROX were proposed according to the oxidation intermediates. This work provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the design of adsorbents according to the structure of the target pollutant.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300777-ga1.jpg" width="411" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): You Liang, Yunhao Gao, Weichen Wang, Hongqiang Dong, Rong Tang, Jiale Yang, Junfan Niu, Zhiyuan Zhou, Na Jiang, Yongsong Cao〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉It is highly desirable to construct stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for improving pesticides targeting and preventing the pesticides premature release. In this work, a novel redox and α-amylase dual stimuli-responsive pesticide delivery system was established by bonding functionalized starch with biodegradable disulfide-bond-bridged mesoporous silica nanoparticles which loaded with avermectin (avermectin@MSNs-ss-starch nanoparticles). The results demonstrated that the loading capacity of avermectin@MSNs-ss-starch nanoparticles for avermectin was approximately 9.3 %. The starch attached covalently on the mesoporous silica nanoparticles could protect avermectin from photodegradation and prevent premature release of active ingredient. Meanwhile, the coated starch and disulfide-bridged structure of nanoparticles could be decomposed and consequently release of the avermectin on demand when nanoparticles were metabolized by glutathione and α-amylase in insects. The bioactivity survey confirmed that avermectin@MSNs-ss-starch nanoparticles had a longer duration in controlling 〈em〉Plutella xylostella〈/em〉 larvae compared to avermectin emulsifiable concentrate. In consideration of the superior insecticidal activity and free of toxic organic solvent, this target-specific pesticide release system has promising potential in pest management.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300613-ga1.jpg" width="463" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 16 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Xiuying Qiao, Chaohai Wang, Yunyin Niu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Photocatalytic degradation technology (PDT), as one of the most important advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) for environment-purifying, have drawn great attentions in recent years. It is highly desirable but remains challenging to design and synthesize catalysts with enhanced performance of photocatalysis. Herein, we develop a cation induced self-assembly strategy for the synthesis of two new organic-inorganic hybrid materials ({[BHMTA][Cu〈sub〉2〈/sub〉(SCN)〈sub〉3〈/sub〉]}〈sub〉n〈/sub〉 (1), {[BHMTA][Cu〈sub〉2〈/sub〉I〈sub〉3〈/sub〉]}〈sub〉n〈/sub〉 (2) BHMTA = N-benzylhexamethylenetetramine bromide). Owing to their unique structural and the desirable composition, the as-prepared organic-inorganic hybrid materials exhibit high efficiency and excellent cycling stability for degradation of tetracycline (TC) under visible light irradiation. In addition, the effect factors for photocatalysis such as catalyst dosage, temperature, and pH were also investigated. The possible mechanism studied shows that superoxide radicals (·O〈sup〉2-〈/sup〉) and holes (h〈sup〉+〈/sup〉) are the main active substances in the degradation process of TC. This work may shed light on preparing new organic-inorganic hybrid materials with promising photocatalysis performance for water purification.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301096-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Gangan Wang, Shaohong Zhou, Xinkuan Han, Lilan Zhang, Shiyuan Ding, Yang Li, Daijun Zhang, Kinza Zarin〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In this study, the occurrence of 14 antibiotics, four corresponding antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and two microbial source tracker (MST) indicators were analyzed in two rivers of Chongqing city, southwest China. The results showed that 13 antibiotics were detected in all 12 sites and their detection frequencies were much higher in September, but concentrations were lower than that in March. Of them, erythromycin (ETM) and ofloxacin (OFL) were the predominant antibiotics in both seasons. The remarkably higher concentration of antibiotics in sediments of these rivers than those in other rivers were found. Environmental risk assessment found that four antibiotics posed high risk toward some sensitive algae. For ARGs, their relative abundances were higher in waters than those in sediments, higher in March than in September. Correlation analysis showed that antibiotics were not the exclusive selective pressure of ARGs; many environmental factors like dry matter contents on a mass basis, organic matter, total organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, temperature, oxidation reduction potential and nitrite could affect the occurrence of ARGs. MST indicators analysis demonstrated that this river basin was largely polluted by human and pig feces, and human feces might be one main source of the four ARGs and five antibiotics.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300960-ga1.jpg" width="420" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Xin Li, Xiao He, Hang Wang, Yangsheng Liu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Based on the phenomenon of soil polluted by Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), this study systematically examined the efficiency, stability and feasibility of using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized nanoscale ferrous sulfide (CMC-nFeS) to immobilize Cr(VI) in contaminated soil. The experiments described herein showed CMC-nFeS exhibited superior dispersity and a higher antioxidative effect than nFeS alone. Batch tests indicated the nanoparticles could effectively immobilize Cr(VI) in soil. At Cr(VI) concentrations of 56.01–502.21 mg/kg, the reducing capacity of CMC-nFeS was 54.68–198.74 mg Cr(VI)/g FeS. Following treatment with CMC-nFeS, the leachabilities of Cr(VI) and Cr〈sub〉total〈/sub〉 determined by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure (SPLP) and Physiologically Based Extraction Test (PBET) decreased significantly after 24 h and remained stable for 90 days. Column tests with water and simulated acid rain showed the injection of CMC-nFeS significantly increased the fixed Cr concentration and the procedure was environmentally friendly. Furthermore, analysis of the reaction mechanism demonstrated the best removal obtained in a neutral environment and Cr(VI) was reduced and immobilized in the form of Cr(OH)〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 and Fe〈sub〉0.75〈/sub〉Cr〈sub〉0.25〈/sub〉OOH confirmed by SEM-EDS and XPS analysis.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300753-ga1.jpg" width="384" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 14 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Hui Deng〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) technology have gained worldwide acceptance for reclamation of municipal wastewater due to their excellent efficiencies in rejecting a wide spectrum of organic pollutants, bacteria, dissolved organic matters and inorganic salts. However, the application of NF/RO process produces inevitably a large volume of concentrated waste stream (NF/RO concentrate), which is generally characterised by high levels of inorganic and organic substances, a low biodegradation and potential ecotoxicity. At present, one of the most significant concerns for this process is regarding the sustainable management of municipal NF/RO concentrate, due to a potentially serious threat to water receiving body. It should therefore be further disposed or treated by effective technologies such as ozonation in a cost-effective way, aiming to minimize the potential environmental risk associated with the presence of emerging micropollutants (ng L〈sup〉-1〈/sup〉 - µg L〈sup〉-1〈/sup〉). This paper provides an overview on the disposal of NF/RO concentrate from municipal wastewater by ozonation process. This is a first review to present entirely ozonation efficiency of NF/RO concentrate in terms of elimination of emerging micropollutants, degradation of organic matters, as well as toxicity assessment. In addition, ozone combining biological activated carbon (BAC) or other advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is also discussed, aiming to further improve mineralization of ozone-recalcitrant substances in NF/RO concentrate. Finally, further research directions regarding the management of NF/RO concentrate are proposed.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300571-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Laura Carretta, Alessandra Cardinali, Roberta Masin, Giuseppe Zanin, Harald Cederlund〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Glyphosate is the most common herbicide worldwide, and its impact on the environment has increasingly been scrutinized. Glyphosate-based formulations can contain co-formulants, among which are surfactants. This study aimed to investigate whether the presence of an alkyl polyglucoside-based surfactant, Triton CG-110, affects the adsorption, leaching, and mineralisation of glyphosate in the soil. The experiments were conducted in two soils with different textures (sandy and clay) and in washed sand. Glyphosate and surfactant mixtures were applied at realistic field rates. Because of ponding and scarce leaching from the field soil, the leaching experiments were conducted only with washed sand. The results indicate a reduction of glyphosate adsorption in washed sand (from 〈em〉K〈sub〉f〈/sub〉〈/em〉 = 13.5 to 3.99 μg〈sup〉1−1/n〈/sup〉 (ml)〈sup〉1/n〈/sup〉 g〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉) and in sandy soil (from 〈em〉K〈sub〉f〈/sub〉〈/em〉 = 165 to 90.8 μg〈sup〉1−1/ n〈/sup〉 (ml)〈sup〉1/n〈/sup〉 g〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉) when using a Triton CG-110 concentration of 0.5 %, which corresponds to that of a spraying solution applied in the field, whereas adsorption in clay soil was unaffected. Triton CG-110 did not significantly affect glyphosate leaching in washed sand or mineralisation in any of the tested soils. The results indicate that Triton CG-110 is unlikely to significantly affect the environmental fate of glyphosate in the soil at environmentally relevant concentrations.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300972-ga1.jpg" width="500" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Jun Chen, Sen Lin, Jianguo Yu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The quantitative effects of magnetic Fe〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 nanoparticle content on Li〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 adsorption and magnetic recovery performances of magnetic lithium-aluminum layered double hydroxides (MLDHs) were investigated systematically. MLDHs with different Fe〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 nanoparticle contents were synthesized by a staged chemical coprecipitation method. The property disparities of these MLDHs were analyzed by various characterizations and results proved the existence of magnetic nanoparticles had no impairment on MLDHs crystal structure stability while the mesopores were lessened with the increasing Fe〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 contents. In adsorption experiments using Qarhan Salt Lake brine with Mg/Li mass ratio of 284, the Li〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 adsorption capacity of MLDHs presented a downtrend with the increasing Fe〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉, while the increased magnetic components had positive influence on the Li〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 separation with Mg〈sup〉2+〈/sup〉 on account of the steric effect. MLDHs presented excellent Li〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 selectivity that the Mg/Li mass ratio of desorption solution was significantly decreased below 7.0. Relying on the superparamagnetism, MLDHs recovery all exceeded 97 % in the external magnetic field for only 10 min, and the magnetic recovery performance was promoted with more Fe〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 nanoparticles. Furthermore, on the basis of experimental data, precise models were built and described well the correlations of Fe〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 contents of MLDHs with Li〈sup〉+〈/sup〉 adsorption capacity and magnetic recovery rate, respectively.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S030438942030087X-ga1.jpg" width="380" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 11 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Ali Akbar Isari, Mahya Mehregan, Shima Mehregan, Farzan Hayati, Roshanak Rezaei Kalantary, Babak Kakavandi〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In this paper, 〈em〉in-situ〈/em〉 fabrication of tungsten oxide (WO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉) on carbon nano-tube (CNT) was performed via sol-gel/hydrothermal method to prepare WO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉/CNT nanocomposites and then coupled with visible light and ultrasound (US) irradiations for sono-photocatalytic removal of tetracycline (TTC) and pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TEM, UV-VIS DRS, FESEM, EDS, DRS, TGA, BET, BJH, EIS, and EDX techniques. The characterization tests, indicated successful incorporation of CTNs into the WO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉 framework and efficient reduction of charge carries recombination rate after modifying with CNT. The investigation of experimental parameters verified that 60 mg/L TTC could be perfectly degraded at optimum operational parameters (WO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉/CNT: 0.7 g/L, pH: 9.0, US power: 250 W/m〈sup〉2〈/sup〉, and light intensity: 120 W/m〈sup〉2〈/sup〉over 60 min treatment. Trapping experiments results verified that HO〈sup〉•〈/sup〉 and 〈em〉h〈sup〉+〈/sup〉〈/em〉 reactive radicals were the main oxidative species in degradation of TTC. The as-prepared photocatalysts could be reused after six successive cycles with an approximately 8.8% reduction in removal efficiency. Investigation of the effect of real pharmaceutical wastewater revealed that this system is able to eliminate 83.7 and 90.6 % of TOC and COD, respectively after 220 min of reaction time. Some compounds with lower toxic impact and molecular weight, compared to raw pharmaceutical wastewater, were detected after treatment by sono-photocatalysis. The biodegradability of real pharmaceutical wastewater was improved significantly after treatment by WO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉/CNT sono-photocatalysis.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300364-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Arpit Shukla, Paritosh Parmar, Dweipayan Goswami, Baldev Patel, Meenu Saraf〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Currently, radioactive waste is disposed primarily by burial in a deep geological repository. Microorganisms thriving in such contaminated environment show tolerance to radionuclides. In the present study the bacterial flora, from soil sample collected from an area around atomic power station exposed to radionuclides and heavy metals, was cultivated and assessed for thorium (Th) tolerance. Of all the isolates, strain AM7 identified as 〈em〉O. intermedium〈/em〉 was selected since it could thrive at high levels of Th (1000 mg L〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉). AM7 was characterized physico-chemically and its culture medium was optimized using central composite design of response surface methodology for assessing its growth properties in presence of Th. The strain also showed exceptional exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and its yield was further analyzed using one factor study to investigate the influence of each medium component. On supplementing the EPS medium with Th, no significant decrease in yield was observed. FTIR spectroscopy revealed the functional groups of EPS involved in EPS-Th binding. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing exceptional Th-tolerance by any bacteria. Such study will help other researchers to strategize an environment-friendly way of radwaste disposal.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300339-ga1.jpg" width="363" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Yue Zheng, Zhen Zhou, Lingyan Jiang, Jing Huang, Jie Jiang, Yirong Chen, Yanjun Shao, Siqi Yu, Kaichong Wang, Jianping Huang, Zhiwei Wang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉An anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactors (AO-MBR) and three identical anaerobic side-stream reactor coupled with anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactors (ASSR-MBR) were constructed and operated in parallel to investigate the appropriate filling fraction of carriers packed in ASSR, influences on pollutants removal, sludge reduction, membrane fouling and microbial community of ASSR-MBR. Inserting ASSR achieved efficient COD removal and nitrification, and packing carriers in ASSR obtained the highest sludge reduction efficiency of 50.5 % at filling fraction of 25 %. Compared to AO-MBR, inserting ASSR without carriers induced the release of viscous components in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and the formation of calcium carbonate-related bacteria on membrane surface, and thus deteriorated membrane fouling. Packing carriers with 25 % filling fraction promoted the hydrolysis of soluble microbial products and EPS, whilst reduced the viscoelasticity of sludge flocs. Higher filling fraction of 50 % increased the shear forces to the biofilm and biomarkers related to membrane fouling, and thus showed little improvement to alleviate membrane fouling. 〈em〉MiSeq〈/em〉 sequencing revealed that although it enriched in the bulk sludge of conventional ASSR-MBR and the coupled reactor with filling fraction of 50 %, the floc-forming, hydrolytic and fermentative bacteria were more inclined to attach on the membrane surface and alleviate fouling process.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420300169-ga1.jpg" width="371" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 April 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 388〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Renli Yin, Yanxi Chen, Shaoxiong He, Wanbin Li, Lixi Zeng, Wanqian Guo, Mingshan Zhu〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Structural Fe(III) is widely found in various coordination complexes and inorganic compounds. In this work, a typical Fe-based metal organic framework (MOF) (〈em〉viz.〈/em〉 MIL-100(Fe)) was chosen as an example in the activation of peroxydisulfate (PDS) for the removal of antibiotic pollutants. Interestingly, an auto-acceleration effect was observed in the process of MIL-100(Fe) activating PDS aided by visible light irradiation. Compared to the processes with MIL-100(Fe)-activated PDS alone and the photo-activated PDS alone, the degradation efficiency of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) obtained in the visible light assisted PDS activation by MIL-100(Fe) process was enhanced by 2.1 and 5.6 times, respectively. Therein, the photogenerated electrons from MIL-100(Fe) carried out an 〈em〉in situ〈/em〉 reduction of the surface structural Fe(III) to form Fe(II), which in turn significantly improved the PDS activation efficiency in the generation of ·OH and O〈sub〉2〈/sub〉〈sup〉−〈/sup〉· radicals for the removal of SMX. The degradation pathways of SMX were deduced based on the experimental results and theoretical calculations. Acute toxicity estimation indicated the formation of less toxic products after the treatment of SMX. Additionally, degradation of five antibiotics in the real wastewater were investigated to further confirm the advantages of such 〈em〉in situ〈/em〉 photoreduced structural Fe(III) in MOFs to activate the PDS process.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389419319508-ga1.jpg" width="430" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 21 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Di Cui, Peng Zhang, Haipu Li, Zhaoxue Zhang, Wenbao Luo, Zhaoguang Yang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉The metabolic process and toxicity mechanism of dietary inorganic arsenic (iAs) in freshwater fish remain unclear to date. The present study conducted two iAs [arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III))] dietary exposures in freshwater fish crucian carp (〈em〉Carassius auratus〈/em〉). The fish were fed on As supplemented artificial diets at nominal concentrations of 50 and 100 μg As(III) or As(V) g〈sup〉-1〈/sup〉 (dry weight) for 10 d and 20 d. We found that liver, kidney, spleen and intestine accumulate more As in As(V) feeding group than that in As(III), while the total As level in muscle were similar between As(V) and As(III) group at the end of exposure. Reduction of As(V) to As(III) and oxidation of As(III) to As(V) occurred in fish fed with As(V) and As(III), respectively, indicating that toxicity of iAs were likely elevated or reduced when iAs was absorbed by fish before entering into human body through diet. Biomethylation to monomethylarsonic acid and dimethylarsinic acid and transformation to arsenocholine and arsenobetaine were also found in the fish. The linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation between secondary methylation index and the malondialdehyde content in tissues, highlighting the vital role of arsenic dimethylation in the oxidative damages in fish.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301412-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Ting Xiong, Xingzhong Yuan, Hou Wang, Longbo Jiang, Zhibin Wu, Han Wang, Xuyang Cao〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Exposed active facets and functional groups are critical for adsorbents obtaining excellent adsorption properties. In the present study, MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉@PmPD with exposed active facets was successfully prepared. MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉,which came from KMnO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 by the sacrificial reductant of PmPD, deposited on the surface of PmPD. Meanwhile, we combined experimental study and theoretical calculations to elucidate the distinct adsorption nature of MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉@PmPD towards Pb. The surface adsorption of MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉@PmPD toward Pb was achieved by the interaction between Pb and O atoms on the surface of MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉. The DFT calculations revealed the facet-dependent adsorption of MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 toward Pb. The adsorption affinity of facets toward Pb was in the order of (311) 〉 (111) 〉 (400) 〉 (440), and (311) facet was predominantly adsorption site for Pb. The analysis of partial density of state revealed the strong hybridization between the Pb-p state and O-p states of MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉. Additionally, the pores of MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 provide the interstitial channels for the transportation of Pb into PmPD. The Pb entered the internal of MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉@PmPD was bonded by the amine and newly formed carboxy groups on PmPD. This study not only develops an efficient adsorbent for heavy metals removing, but also throws light on exemplifying the interaction of Pb with MnO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 based materials.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301424-ga1.jpg" width="224" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Sang-Hun Lee, Jiu-Qiang Xiong, Shaoguo Ru, Swapnil M. Patil, Mayur B. Kurade, Sanjay P. Govindwar, Sang-Eun Oh, Byong-Hun Jeon〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Environmental contamination by benzophenone-3 has gained attention because of its frequent occurrence and adverse environmental impact. Studies investigating the toxicity and removal mechanisms, along with its degradation pathway in microalgae are still rare. In this study, the ecotoxicity of benzophenone-3 on 〈em〉Scenedesmus obliquus〈/em〉 was assessed through dose-response test, risk quotient evaluation, and changes of microalgal biochemical characteristics and gene expression. The calculated risk quotients of benzophenone-3 were 〉1, implying its high environmental risk. Expression of the 〈em〉ATPF0C〈/em〉 and 〈em〉Tas〈/em〉 genes encoding ATP-synthase and oxidoreductase was significantly increased in 〈em〉S. obliquus〈/em〉 after exposure to benzophenone-3, while that of 〈em〉Lhcb1〈/em〉 and 〈em〉HydA〈/em〉 genes was reduced. When exposed to 0.1−3 mg L〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 benzophenone-3, 23–29 % removal was achieved by 〈em〉S. obliquus〈/em〉, which was induced by abiotic removal, bioadsorption, bioaccumulation and biodegradation. Metabolic fate analyses showed that biodegradation of benzophenone-3 was induced by hydroxylation, and methylation, forming less toxic intermediates according to the toxicity assessment of the identified products. This study provides a better understanding of the toxicity and metabolic mechanisms of benzophenone-3 in microalgae, demonstrating the potential application of microalgae in the remediation of benzophenone-3 contaminated wastewater.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301370-ga1.jpg" width="377" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Changwon Yang, Gwonhwa Song, Whasun Lim〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Mycotoxins are secondary products produced by fungi in cereals and are frequently found in the livestock industry as contaminants of farm animal feed. Studies analyzing feed mycotoxins have been conducted worldwide and have confirmed the presence of mycotoxins with biological activity, including aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, fumonisin, zearalenone, and deoxynivalenol, in a large proportion of feed samples. Exposure to mycotoxins can cause immunotoxicity and impair reproductive function in farm animals. In addition, exposure of tissues, such as the kidneys, liver, and intestines, to mycotoxins can exert histopathological changes that can interfere with animal growth and survival. This review describes previous studies regarding the presence of major mycotoxins in the feed of farm animals, especially pigs and poultry. Moreover, it describes the adverse effects of mycotoxins in farm animals following exposure, as well as the biological activity of mycotoxins in animal-derived cells. Mycotoxins have been shown to regulate signaling pathways, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, and proliferation in porcine and bovine cells. A clear understanding of the effects of mycotoxins on farm animals will help reduce farm household economic loss and address the health concerns of people who consume these meat and dairy products.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S030438942030073X-ga1.jpg" width="369" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Jiao Zhang, Kang Xiao, Xia Huang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Though having been applied for decades in the leachate treatment, membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have not attracted as much attention as their application in the municipal wastewater treatment. A timely survey for full-scale applications of MBRs treating leachate would be necessary to present a thorough knowledge and implication in this field. In this study, 175 full-scale MBRs treating leachate (with individual treatment capacity of ≥100 m〈sup〉3〈/sup〉/d) in China were comprehensively analyzed. The accumulative treatment capacity exceeded 65,000 m〈sup〉3〈/sup〉/d in 2018, and such projects were primarily distributed in areas with developed economy and large production of municipal solid waste. Sanitary landfill leachate owned 70 % of the leachate-treating MBRs’ capacity, while the proportion for incineration plants increased gradually. Synchronously, leachate from incineration plants was more degradable than that from sanitary landfills. MBRs were advantageous to pollutant removal, fouling control, and successive energy mitigation of the whole treatment processes. The investment and footprint of processes adopting MBRs were medially ∼90,000 CNY/(m〈sup〉3〈/sup〉/d) and ∼15 m〈sup〉2〈/sup〉/(m〈sup〉3〈/sup〉/d) respectively, and the energy consumption was 20–30 kW h/m〈sup〉3〈/sup〉. The technical and economical applicability and environmental policy forces would strengthen a predictable increment of market share of MBRs in leachate treatment field in the future.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301266-ga1.jpg" width="239" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Ligang Xia, Feiyang Chen, Jinhua Li, Shuai Chen, Jing Bai, Tingsheng Zhou, Linsen Li, Qunjie Xu, Baoxue Zhou〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉In this paper, we propose an efficient simultaneous refractory organics degradation and electricity generation method for carbonate-containing wastewater based on carbonate radical reactions initiated by a BiVO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉-Au/PVC (PVC: photovoltaic cell) system. In the system, nanoporous BiVO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 film and Au modified PVC were used as photoanode and photocathode, respectively. HCO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉〈sup〉−〈/sup〉 was used as the electrolyte. Carbonate radicals, which have lower recombination rates than hydroxyl radicals and strong oxidation abilities, can be generated easily by the capture reaction of hydroxyl radicals with HCO〈sub〉3〈/sub〉〈sup〉−〈/sup〉, which is one of the most abundant anions in the aquatic environment. The results show that the removal ratios of rhodamine b, methyl orange and methylene blue in the system increased sharply to 77.98 %, 89.15 % and 93.2 % from 18.23 %, 21 % and 23.14 % (BiVO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉-Pt/ SO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉〈sup〉2-〈/sup〉), respectively, after 120 min. Meanwhile, the short-circuit current density is up to 2.19–2.41 times larger than the traditional system. Other common ions in natural water minimally affected the properties of the new system. The excellent performance could be ascribed to large amounts of carbonate radicals in the system, which have great potential for efficient carbonate-containing wastewater treatment and energy recovery.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S030438942030128X-ga1.jpg" width="287" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: Available online 21 January 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Congcong Chen, Meng Xie, Lingshuai Kong, Wenhui Lu, Zhenyu Feng, Jinhua Zhan〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation by heterogeneous catalysts has been widely investigated to remove organic contaminants. Nevertheless, the technology is restricted to the bench-scale batch system. For practical applications, a supported catalyst design based on a reactor configuration with catalyst recovery is the need for future development. In this study, Mn〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 nanodots-g-C〈sub〉3〈/sub〉N〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 nanosheets (Mn〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉/CNNS) composites were prepared via a facile hydrothermal method. The micro-structures and compositions of composites were investigated by a series of characterization methods. It was found that the Mn〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 nanodots (5-10 nm) were distributed uniformly over the CNNS. When the added amount of CNNS was 150 mg during the synthesis process, a composite named as Mn〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉/CNNS-150 was obtained, which exhibited the best performance on PMS activation for 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) removal. The Mn〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉/CNNS-150@PTFE membrane was synthesized by facile vacuum filtration. The catalytic membrane was applied in filtration experiments for the degradation of different contaminants. The stability tests revealed excellent stability of the catalytic membrane. The redox circles of Mn(IV)/Mn(III)/Mn(II) on the Mn〈sub〉3〈/sub〉O〈sub〉4〈/sub〉 surface were the main source of activated PMS and a possible activation mechanism in the reaction system was provided. This study is of great significance for the development of novel catalytic membranes with PMS activation.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301345-ga1.jpg" width="301" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 5 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 389〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Mohammed N. Alnajrani, Omar A. Alsager〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Ethidium Bromide (Eth-Br) is an intercalating agent commonly used in medical and biological laboratories as a DNA staining dye. Despite its popular use, aqueous solutions containing Eth-Br showed high toxicity, mutagenic capacity, and deactivate DNA transcription. In this study, the removal of Eth-Br from aqueous solutions by gamma irradiation has been fully investigated. Gamma irradiation was capable of achieving a near complete removal of Eth-Br in neutral and non-buffered aqueous solutions at an absorbed dose of 15 kGy. Various experimental conditions were studied and showed that the removal efficiency is not diminished. The addition of hydrogen peroxide (2 %) to the irradiated solutions reduced the D〈sub〉50〈/sub〉 and D〈sub〉90〈/sub〉 by 50 %. Modeling Eth-Br decomposition showed that the reaction followed pseudo first-order kinetics and reaches at least 90 % removal under all experimental conditions. TOC and HPLC measurements confirmed that Eth-Br is fully mineralized when the absorbed dose reaches 15 kGy. The biological activity of Eth-Br after irradiation treatment was investigated with synthetic DNA and natural DNA. The biological activity of Eth-Br was deactivated at an absorbed dose as low as 5 kGy. Toxicity measurement with 〈em〉E-coli〈/em〉 bacteria also confirmed that the absorbed dose of 5 kGy was sufficient to remove Eth-Br toxicity.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301308-ga1.jpg" width="378" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉

Description: 〈p〉Publication date: 15 May 2020〈/p〉 〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 390〈/p〉 〈p〉Author(s): Fan Wu, Yaqi You, David Werner, Shuo Jiao, Jing Hu, Xinyu Zhang, Yi Wan, Junfeng Liu, Bin Wang, Xilong Wang〈/p〉 〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉Many studies have examined changes in soil microbial community structure and composition by carbon nanomaterials (CNMs). Few, however, have investigated their impact on microbial community functions. This study explored how fullerene (C〈sub〉60〈/sub〉) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (M50) altered functionality of an agricultural soil microbial community (〈em〉Archaea〈/em〉, 〈em〉Bacteria〈/em〉 and 〈em〉Eukarya〈/em〉), using microcosm experiments combined with GeoChip microarray. M50 had a stronger effect than C〈sub〉60〈/sub〉 on alpha diversity of microbial functional genes; both CNMs increased beta diversity, resulting in functional profiles distinct from the control. M50 exerted a broader, severer impact on microbially mediated nutrient cycles. Together, these two CNMs affected CO〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 fixation pathways, microbial degradation of diverse carbohydrates, secondary plant metabolites, lipids and phospholipids, proteins, as well as methanogenesis and methane oxidation. They also suppressed nitrogen fixation, nitrification, dissimilatory nitrogen reduction, eukaryotic assimilatory nitrogen reduction, and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Phosphorus and sulfur cycles were less vulnerable; only phytic acid hydrolysis and sulfite reduction were inhibited by M50 but not C〈sub〉60〈/sub〉. Network analysis suggested decoupling of nutrient cycles by CNMs, manifesting closer and more hierarchical gene networks. This work reinforces profound impact of CNMs on soil microbial community functions and ecosystem services, laying a path for future investigation in this direction.〈/p〉〈/div〉 〈h5〉Graphical abstract〈/h5〉 〈div〉〈p〉〈figure〉〈img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0304389420301321-ga1.jpg" width="317" alt="Graphical abstract for this article" title=""〉〈/figure〉〈/p〉〈/div〉