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On properties of the deterministic turbulence and reproducibility of its instantaneous and statistical characteristics (2014)

Vladimir I. Borodulin and Yury S. Kachanov

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-03

Beschreibung: As known from previous studies, the deterministic turbulence (DeTu) is a post-transitional flow that is turbulent according to the generally accepted statistical characteristics but possesses, meanwhile, a significant degree of determinism, i.e., reproducibility of its instantaneous structure. It is found that the DeTu can occur in those cases when transition is caused by convective instabilities; in boundary layers, in particular. The present paper is devoted to a brief description of history of discovering the DeTu phenomenon, as well as to some recent advance in investigation of instantaneous and statistical properties of such turbulent boundary layer flows.

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The instability of water-mud interface in viscous two-layer flow with large viscosity contrast (2014)

Jiebin Liu and Jifu Zhou

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-03

Beschreibung: The temporal instability of parallel viscous two-phase mixing layers is extended to current-fluid mud by considering a composite error function velocity profile. The influence of viscosity ratio, Reynolds number, and Froude number on the instability of the system are discussed and a new phenomenon never discussed is investigated based on our numerical results. It is shown that viscosity can enlarge the unstable wave number range, cause new instability modes, and certainly reduce the growth rate of Kelvin—Helmholtz (K—H) instability.

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Numerical-experimental method for elastic parameters identification of a composite panel (2014)

Dong Jiang, Rui Ma, Shaoqing Wu and Qingguo Fei

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-03

Beschreibung: A hybrid numerical-experimental approach to identify elastic modulus of a textile composite panel using vibration test data is proposed and investigated. Homogenization method is adopted to predict the initial values of elastic parameters of the composite, and parameter identification is transformed to an optimization problem in which the objective function is the minimization of the discrepancies between the experimental and numerical modal data. Case study is conducted employing a woven fabric reinforced composite panel. Three parameters ( E 11 , E 22 , G 12 ) with higher sensitivities are selected to be identified. It is shown that the elastic parameters can be accurately identified from experimental modal data.

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Correlation between large- and small-scale velocity components under Fourier filters (2014)

Le Fang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-03

Beschreibung: By introducing the Fourier filters, we analyse the correlation between large- and small-scale velocity components in homogeneous isotropic turbulence theoretically. We show that different Fourier filters act similarly on this multi-scale correlation with a “natural” mechanism of removing the physical correlations between large- and small-scale velocity components. This conclusion calls for the further investigation on the Hilbert—Huang decomposition to investigate the mechanism of Marusic et al (2008).

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Effects of springs on a pendulum electromechanical energy harvester (2014)

Arnaud Notué Kadjie and Paul Woafo

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-03

Beschreibung: This paper studies a model of energy harvester that consists of an electromechanical pendulum system subjected to nonlinear springs. The output power is analyzed in terms of the intrinsic parameters of the device leading to optimal parameters for energy harvesting. It is found that in an appropriate range of the springs constant, the power attains higher values as compared to the case without springs. The dynamical behavior of the device shows transition to chaos.

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Residual stress evolution regularity in thermal barrier coatings under thermal shock loading (2014)

Chen, Ximin ; Liu, Zhanwei ; Yang, Yang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters. 2014; 4(2): 021009. 021009. Published 2014 Jan 01. doi: 10.1063/2.1402109.

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-01

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A limit theorem for the solutions of slow-fast systems with fractional Brownian motion (2014)

Xu, Yong ; Guo, Rong ; Xu, Wei

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters. 2014; 4(1): 013003. 013003. Published 2014 Jan 01. doi: 10.1063/2.1401303.

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Experimental investigation of chimney-enhanced natural convection in hexagonal honeycombs (2014)

Yang, Xiaohu ; Bai, Jiaxi ; Lu, Tianjian ; [weitere]

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters. 2014; 4(3): 032005. 032005. Published 2014 Jan 01. doi: 10.1063/2.1403205.

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Effects of springs on a pendulum electromechanical energy harvester (2014)

Kadjie, Arnaud Notué ; Woafo, Paul

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters. 2014; 4(6): 063001. 063001. Published 2014 Jan 01. doi: 10.1063/2.1406301.

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Moving contact line problem: Advances and perspectives (2014)

Zhao, Yapu

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters. 2014; 4(3): 034002. 034002. Published 2014 Jan 01. doi: 10.1063/2.1403402.

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Finding the buckling load of non-uniform columns using the iteration perturbation method (2014)

Afsharfard, Aref ; Farshidianfar, Anooshiravan

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters. 2014; 4(4): 041011. 041011. Published 2014 Jan 01. doi: 10.1063/2.1404111.

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Microstructural and mechanical properties of thermal barrier coating at 1400°C treatment (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-13

Beschreibung: The mechanical properties of plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coating (TBC) play a vital role in governing their lifetime and performance. This work investigated the microstructural and mechanical properties of TBC with high temperature treatment at 1 400°C by scanning electron microscopy and indentation. We calculated elastic modulus and hardness through the application of Weibull statistics analysis. The results indicate that the microstructure of ceramic coating will change continuously at high temperature, and accordingly the porosity decreases due to the grain growths and crack closes. In addition, the elastic modulus and hardness nonlinearly go up with the heat treatment time and go down with increasing porosity. This demonstrates that the microstructural evolution and porosity of TBC are caused by high temperature treatment, and as a result its mechanical properties are influenced.

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Penetration of sandwich plates with hybrid-cores under oblique ballistic impact (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-20

Beschreibung: The oblique penetration performance of lightweight hybrid-cored sandwich plates are investigated numerically. To compose the hybrid-core, ceramic prisms are inserted into pyramidal metal lattice trusses and fixed using epoxy resin. Three-dimensional finite element simulations are carried out for the hybridcored sandwich impacted at 15°, 30°, 45°, and 60° obliquity by a hemispherical projectile. The ballistic limit, the energy absorbed by the constituting elements, and the critical oblique angle are quantified. The physical mechanisms underlying the failure and the influence of fundamental system parameters are explored. The angle of obliquity is found to have significant influence on the ballistic trajectory and erosion of the projectile, thus it is important for the impact response and penetration resistance of the sandwich. For oblique angles equal to or larger than 45°, the projectile moves mainly horizontally and can not effectively penetrate across the sandwich.

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Incident flow effects on the performance of piezoelectric energy harvesters from galloping vibrations (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-20

Beschreibung: In this paper, we investigate experimentally the concept of energy harvesting from galloping oscillations with a focus on wake and turbulence effects. The harvester is composed of a unimorph piezoelectric cantilever beam with a square cross-section tip mass. In one case, the harvester is placed in the wake of another galloping harvester with the objective of determining the wake effects on the response of the harvester. In the second case, meshes were placed upstream of the harvester with the objective of investigating the effects of upstream turbulence on the response of the harvester. The results show that both wake effects and upstream turbulence significantly affect the response of the harvester. Depending on the spacing between the two squares and the opening size of the mesh, wake and upstream turbulence can positively enhance the level of the harvested power.

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A novel 3D geometrical reconstruction method for aluminum foams and FEM modeling of the material response (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-20

Beschreibung: A novel method for modeling cellular materials is proposed based on MATLAB image processing and synchrotron X-ray computed tomography scanning to obtain an accurate calculation result of aluminum foam based on finite element model. The maximum entropy algorithm is employed to obtain the binarization image, and the median filtering algorithm is used to reduce the noise after binarization. The external contour and internal pores boundary is extracted by the “edge” function in MATLAB, and the geometrical model is reconstructed. A two-step mesh algorithm is adopted to mesh the reconstructed geometrical model. Accordingly, the finite element model of aluminum foam is established by the proposed method based on reconstruction geometrical model. The compression behavior of aluminum foam is obtained at 25°C, 100°C, 200°C by ABAQUS, and good agreements with experiments are achieved by applying the present reconstruction algorithm and modeling method.

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Temperature-dependence of acoustic fatigue life for thermal protection structures (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-20

Beschreibung: Acoustic fatigue life evaluation is essential for thermal protection structures due to the severe thermo-acoustic load in service. A study on temperaturedependence of acoustic fatigue life for a C/SiC panel is presented in this paper. Effects of temperature on both the structural responses and the S-N curves are investigated. The Dirlik method is adopted to predict the fatigue life of a C/SiC panel at three different temperatures respectively. Significant differences are observed from the results of numerical simulations between the fatigue lives of the panel in the three cases. The temperature-dependence of acoustic fatigue life of a C/SiC panel is verified, and fatigue test of the material needs to be more attentively performed.

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Study on the thermal protection performance of superalloy honeycomb panels in high-speed thermal shock environments (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-20

Beschreibung: The thermal protection performance of superalloy honeycomb structure in high-temperature environments are important for thermal protection design of high-speed aircrafts. By using a self-developed transient aerodynamic thermal simulation system, the thermal protection performance of superalloy honeycomb panel was tested in this paper at different transient heating rates ranging from 5°C/s to 30°C/s, with the maximum instantaneous temperature reaching 950°C. Furthermore, the thermal protection performance of superalloy honeycomb structure under simulated thermal environments was computed for different high heating rates by using 3D finite element method, and a comparison between calculational and experimental results was carried out. The results of this research provide an important reference for the design of thermal protection systems comprising superalloy honeycomb panel.

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A generalized constitutive elasticity law for GLPD micromorphic materials, with application to the problem of a spherical shell subjected to axisymmetric loading conditions (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-20

Beschreibung: In this work we propose to replace the GLPD hypo-elasticity law by a more rigorous generalized Hooke's law based on classical material symmetry characterization assumptions. This law introduces in addition to the two well-known Lame's moduli, five constitutive constants. An analytical solution is derived for the problem of a spherical shell subjected to axisymmetric loading conditions to illustrate the potential of the proposed generalized Hooke's law.

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Space-time correlations in turbulent flow: A review (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-20

Beschreibung: This paper reviews some of the principal uses, over almost seven decades, of correlations, in both Eulerian and Lagrangian frames of reference, of properties of turbulent flows at variable spatial locations and variable time instants. Commonly called space—time correlations, they have been fundamental to theories and models of turbulence as well as for the analyses of experimental and direct numerical simulation turbulence data.

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Editorial: Special subject on the mechanical behavior of thermal protection materials and structures (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-20

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Failure criteria for C/SiC composites under plane stress state (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-20

Beschreibung: The applicability and limitation of several quadratic strength theories were investigated with respect to 2D-C/SiC and 2.5D-C/SiC composites. A kind of damage-based failure criterion, referred to as D-criterion, is proposed for nonlinear ceramic composites. Meanwhile, the newly developed criterion is preliminarily validated under tension-shear combined loadings. The prediction shows that the failure envelope given by D-criterion is lower than that from Tsai-Hill and Hoffman criteria. This reveals that the damage-based criterion is reasonable for evaluation of damage-dominated failure strength.

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Elastic constants characterization on graphite at 500°C by the virtual fields method (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-20

Beschreibung: In this paper the elastic constants of graphite at elevated temperature were experimentally investigated by using the virtual fields method (VFM). A new method was presented for the characterization of mechanical properties at elevated temperature. The three-point bending tests were performed on graphite materials by an universal testing machine equipped with heating furnace. Based on the heterogeneous deformation fields measured by the digital image correlation (DIC) technique, the elastic constants were then extracted by using VFM. The measurement results of the elastic constants at 500°C were obtained. The effect on the experimental results was also analyzed. The successful results verify the feasibility of using the proposed method to measure the properties of graphite at high temperature, and the proposed method is believed to have a good potential for further applications.

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Residual stress evolution regularity in thermal barrier coatings under thermal shock loading (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-03-20

Beschreibung: Residual stress evolution regularity in thermal barrier ceramic coatings (TBCs) under different cycles of thermal shock loading of 1100°C was investigated by the microscopic digital image correlation (DIC) and micro-Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The obtained results showed that, as the cycle number of the thermal shock loading increases, the evolution of the residual stress undergoes three distinct stages: a sharp increase, a gradual change, and a reduction. The extension stress near the TBC surface is fast transformed to compressive one through just one thermal cycle. After different thermal shock cycles with peak temperature of 1100°C, phase transformation in TBC does not happen, whereas the generation, development, evolution of the thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer and micro-cracks are the main reasons causing the evolution regularity of the residual stress.

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Stochastic response of fractional-order van der Pol oscillator (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-31

Beschreibung: We studied the response of fractional-order van de Pol oscillator to Gaussian white noise excitation in this letter. An equivalent integral-order nonlinear stochastic system is obtained to replace the given system based on the principle of minimum mean-square error. Through stochastic averaging, an averaged Itô equation is deduced. We obtained the Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equation connected to the averaged Itô equation and solved it to yield the approximate stationary response of the system. The analytical solution is confirmed by using Monte Carlo simulation.

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Diffusion induced by bounded noise in a two-dimensional coupled memory system (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-31

Beschreibung: The diffusion behavior driven by bounded noise under the influence of a coupled harmonic potential is investigated in a two-dimensional coupled-damped model. With the help of the Laplace analysis we obtain exact descriptions for a particle's two-time dynamics which is subjected to a coupled harmonic potential and a coupled damping. The time lag is used to describe the velocity autocorrelation function and mean square displacement of the diffusing particle. The diffusion behavior for the time lag is also discussed with respect to the coupled items and the amplitude of bounded noise.

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The present status and prospects in the research of orbital dynamics and control near small celestial bodies (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-31

Beschreibung: Small celestial body exploration is of great significance to deep space activities. The dynamics and control of orbits around small celestial bodies is of top priority in the exploration research. It includes the modeling of dynamics environment and the orbital dynamics mechanism. This paper introduced state-of-the-art researches, major challenges, and future trends in this field. Three topics are mainly discussed: the gravitational field modeling of irregular-shaped small celestial bodies, natural orbital dynamics and control, and controlled orbital dynamics. Finally, constructive suggestions are made for China's future space exploration missions.

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Effect of spatially correlated noise on stochastic synchronization in globally coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo neuron systems (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-31

Beschreibung: The phenomenon of stochastic synchronization in globally coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) neuron system subjected to spatially correlated Gaussian noise is investigated based on dynamical mean-field approximation (DMA) and direct simulation (DS). Results from DMA are in good quantitative or qualitative agreement with those from DS for weak noise intensity and larger system size. Whether the consisting single FHN neuron is staying at the resting state, subthreshold oscillatory regime, or the spiking state, our investigation shows that the synchronization ratio of the globally coupled system becomes higher as the noise correlation coefficient increases, and thus we conclude that spatial correlation has an active effect on stochastic synchronization, and the neurons can achieve complete synchronization in the sense of statistics when the noise correlation coefficient tends to one. Our investigation also discloses that the noise spatial correlation plays the same beneficial role as the global coupling strength in enhancing stochastic synchronization in the ensemble. The result might be useful in understanding the information coding mechanism in neural systems.

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Stochastic modeling for starting-time of phase evolution of random seismic ground motions (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-31

Beschreibung: In response to the challenge inherent in classical high-dimensional models of random ground motions, a family of simulation methods for non-stationary seismic ground motions was developed previously through employing a wave-group propagation formulation with phase spectrum model built up on the frequency components' starting-time of phase evolution. The present paper aims at extending the formulation to the simulation of non-stationary random seismic ground motions. The ground motion records associated with N—S component of Northridge Earthquake at the type-II site are investigated. The frequency components' starting-time of phase evolution of is identified from the ground motion records, and is proved to admit the Gamma distribution through data fitting. Numerical results indicate that the simulated random ground motion features zero-mean, non-stationary, and non-Gaussian behaviors, and the phase spectrum model with only a few starting-times of phase evolution could come up with a sound contribution to the simulation.

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The asymptotic stability analysis in stochastic logistic model with Poisson growth coefficient (2014)

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In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-31

Beschreibung: The asymptotic stability of a discrete logistic model with random growth coefficient is studied in this paper. Firstly, the discrete logistic model with random growth coefficient is built and reduced into its deterministic equivalent system by orthogonal polynomial approximation. Then, the linear stability theory and the Jury criterion of nonlinear deterministic discrete systems are applied to the equivalent one. At last, by mathematical analysis, we find that the parameter interval for asymptotic stability of nontrivial equilibrium in stochastic logistic system gets smaller as the random intensity or statistical parameters of random variable is increased and the random parameter's influence on asymptotic stability in stochastic logistic system becomes prominent.

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Coherence resonance in a noise-driven gene network regulated by small RNA (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-31

Beschreibung: Small RNA has recently drawn more and more attention. In this paper, we concentrate on the influence of noises on gene network regulated by small RNA using chemical Langevin equation. It shows that the noise can cause oscillation when the oscillate does not occur in the corresponding deterministic system. The coherence of the noise induced oscillation reaches a maximum for an optimal intensity of noise, and the coherence resonance appears accordingly. The findings imply probably omnipresent importance of noise in the functioning process of living organism.

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Wronskian and Grammian solutions for the (2+1)-dimensional BKP equation (2014)

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In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-31

Beschreibung: The (2 + 1)-dimensional BKP equation in the Hirota bilinear form is studied during this work. Wronskian and Grammian techniques are applied to the construction of Wronskian and Grammian solutions of this equation, respectively. It is shown that these solutions can be expressed as not only Pfaffians but also Wronskians and Grammians.

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Editorial: Advance on stochastic systems (2014)

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In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-31

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Finding the buckling load of non-uniform columns using the iteration perturbation method (2014)

Aref Afsharfard and Anooshiravan Farshidianfar

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: The aim of this study is to calculate the critical load of variable inertia columns. The example studied in this paper can be used as a paradigm for other non-uniform columns. The wavelength of equivalent vibratory system is used to calculate the critical load of the trigonometrically varied inertia column. In doing so, the equilibrium equation of the column is theoretically studied using the perturbation method. Accuracy of the calculated results is evaluated by comparing the solution with numerical results. Effect of improving the initial guess on the solution accuracy is investigated. Effects of varying parameters of the trigonometrically varied inertia and the uniformly tapered columns on their stability behavior are studied. Finally, using the so-called “perfectibility” parameter, two design goals, i.e., being lightweight and being strong, are studied for the discussed columns.

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Numerical simulation of gap effect in supersonic flows (2014)

Song Mo, Haiming Huang, Guo Huang, Xiaoliang Xu and Zimao Zhang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: The gap effect is a key factor in the design of the heat sealing in supersonic vehicles subjected to an aerodynamic heat load. Built on S-A turbulence model and Roe discrete format, the aerodynamic environment around a gap on the surface of a supersonic aircraft was simulated by the finite volume method. As the presented results indicate, the gap effect depends not only on the attack angle, but also on the Mach number.

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Fatigue behaviour of coke drum materials under thermal-mechanical cyclic loading (2014)

Jie Chen and Zihui Xia

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: Coke drums are vertical pressure vessels used in the delayed coking process in petroleum refineries. Significant temperature variation during the delayed coking process causes damage in coke drums in the form of bulging and cracking. There were some studies on the fatigue life estimation for the coke drums, but most of them were based on strain-fatigue life curves at constant temperatures, which do not consider simultaneous cyclic temperature and mechanical loading conditions. In this study, a fatigue testing system is successfully developed to allow performing thermal-mechanical fatigue (TMF) test similar to the coke drum loading condition. Two commonly used base and one clad materials of coke drums are then experimentally investigated. In addition, a comparative study between isothermal and TMF lives of these materials is conducted. The experimental findings lead to better understanding of the damage mechanisms occurring in coke drums and more accurate prediction of fatigue life of coke drum materials.

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Mesoscopic characterization and modeling of microcracking in cementitious materials by the extended finite element method (2014)

Junjie Huang, Mingxiang Chen and Jian Sun

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: This study develops a mesoscopic framework and methodology for the modeling of microcracks in concrete. A new algorithm is first proposed for the generation of random concrete meso-structure including microcracks and then coupled with the extended finite element method to simulate the heterogeneities and discontinuities present in the meso-structure of concrete. The proposed procedure is verified and exemplified by a series of numerical simulations. The simulation results show that microcracks can exert considerable impact on the fracture performance of concrete. More broadly, this work provides valuable insight into the initiation and propagation mechanism of microcracks in concrete and helps to foster a better understanding of the micro-mechanical behavior of cementitious materials.

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Thermal shock resistance behavior of a functionally graded ceramic: Effects of finite cooling rate (2014)

Zhihe Jin and Yuezhong Feng

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: This work presents a semi-analytical model to explore the effects of cooling rate on the thermal shock resistance behavior of a functionally graded ceramic (FGC) plate with a periodic array of edge cracks. The FGC is assumed to be a thermally heterogeneous material with constant elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio. The cooling rate applied at the FGC surface is modeled using a linear ramp function. An integral equation method and a closed form asymptotic temperature solution are employed to compute the thermal stress intensity factor (TSIF). The thermal shock residual strength and critical thermal shock of the FGC plate are obtained using the SIF criterion. Thermal shock simulations for an Al 2 O 3 /Si 3 N 4 FGC indicate that a finite cooling rate leads to a significantly higher critical thermal shock than that under the sudden cooling condition. The residual strength, however, is relatively insensitive to the cooling rate.

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Simulation on spread of fire smoke in the elevator shaft for a high-rise building (2014)

Yunchun Xia

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: Spread of fire smoke in the elevator shaft of a high-rise building is influenced by many driving facts. We simulate smoke spreading in the elevator shaft, stair room, and pre-chamber with and without different supplied pressurized air. The simulation shows that smoke moves very fast in the elevator shaft. When a 12 floor high-rise building is in fire, smoke can fill up the elevator shaft in less than 1.5 min after a fire started, temperature in the elevator shaft can be higher than 187°C in 5 min, and the concentration of CO can also reach a high level. The elevator shaft has a very low visibility in less than about 100 s.

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Study on mechanical characteristics and safety evaluation method of steel frame structure after fire (2014)

Qiang Sun, Congcong Guan and Dingtang Wang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: Mechanical characterization of steel frame structure after fire are analyzed based on fire dynamics, heat transfer theory, structural mechanics, and finite element theory. We study the temperature characteristics and mechanical properties of steel frame structure under different fire locations and propose a safety evaluation method. We also analyze damage level of main frame components, maximum temperature of fire, thermal characteristics of frame components, firing duration, etc. to provide useful information for fire resistance design of the steel frame structure and post-disaster safety evaluation.

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Asymptotic solutions for buckling delamination induced crack propagation in the thin film-compliant substrate system (2014)

Tongqing Lu and Tiejun Wang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: In a thin film-substrate system in-plane compressive stress is commonly generated in the film due to thermal mismatch in operation or fabrication process. If the stress exceeds a critical value, part of the film may buckle out of plane along the defective interface. After buckling delamination, the interface crack at the ends may propagate. In the whole process, the compliance of the substrate compared with the film plays an important role. In this work, we study a circular film subject to compressive stress on an infinitely thick substrate. We study the effects of compliance of the substrate by modeling the system as a plate on an elastic foundation. The critical buckling condition is formulated. The asymptotic solutions of post-buckling deformation and the corresponding energy release rate of the interface crack are obtained with perturbation methods. The results show that the more compliant the substrate is, the easier for the film to buckle and easier for the interface crack to propagate after buckling.

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Blended-fuel based EDC combustion model and its application in heptane-ethanol fire simulation (2014)

Changjian Wang, Jennifer Wen, Yanming Ding and Shouxiang Lu

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: The blended-fuel based eddy-dissipation-concept combustion model was newly developed in the FireFOAM framework, and applied to simulate 30 cm×30 cm heptane-ethanol pool fire. Comparison was made of fire height, centerline temperature against experimental measurements, which shows that they match very well with each other. However, further studies are needed to examine the validation of this model in fire simulations with various scales.

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Editorial: Special subject on the mechanical behavior of fire dynamics in high-rise buildings (2014)

Jinhua Sun and Longhua Hu

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

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Role of wing morphing in thrust generation (2014)

Mehdi Ghommem, Muhammad R. Hajj, Philip S. Beran and Ishwar K. Puri

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: In this paper, we investigate the role of morphing on flight dynamics of two birds by simulating the flow over rigid and morphing wings that have the characteristics of two different birds, namely the Giant Petrel and Dove Prion. The simulation of a flapping rigid wing shows that the root of the wing should be placed at a specific angle of attack in order to generate enough lift to balance the weight of the bird. However, in this case the generated thrust is either very small, or even negative, depending on the wing shape. Further, results show that morphing of the wing enables a significant increase in the thrust and propulsive efficiency. This indicates that the birds actually utilize some sort of active wing twisting and bending to produce enough thrust. This study should facilitate better guidance for the design of flapping air vehicles.

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Editorial: Recent advances in fracture research (2014)

Xiqiao Feng and Shouwen Yu

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

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Mechanical characterization of sisal reinforced cement mortar (2014)

R. Fujiyama, F. Darwish and M. V. Perdra

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-03

Beschreibung: This work aims at evaluating the mechanical behavior of sisal fiber reinforced cement mortar. The composite material was produced from a mixture of sand, cement, and water. Sisal fibers were added to the mixture in different lengths. Mechanical characterization of both the composite and the plain mortar was carried out using three point bend, compression, and impact tests. Specimens containing notches of different root radii were loaded in three point bending in an effort to determine the effect of the fibers on the fracture toughness of the material. The results obtained indicate that, while fiber reinforcement leads to a decrease in compressive strength, J-integral calculations at maximum load for the different notch root radii have indicated, particularly for the case of long fibers, a significant superiority of the reinforced material in comparison with the plain cement mortar, in consistence with the impact test data.

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Analysis on secondary instability of shear layer based on the concept of phase synchronization (2014)

Wubing Yang, Qing Shen, Qiang Wang and Xiangjiang Yuan

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-03

Beschreibung: A concept of phase synchronization point is proposed, and then a model is built using this concept to explain secondary instabilities. This model has been used to determine the conditions of K- and H-type secondary instabilities, which are coincident with the conditions published in literatures. It also can be used to analyze other secondary instability phenomena. For example, the numerical results validate the analysis results in the case of 1/3rd subharmonic mode secondary instability. Furthermore, the numerical results indicate that the spanwise wave number of 3D disturbance has significant effect on the secondary instability.

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Meso-level simulation of gas hydrate dissociation inlow-permeability sediments (2014)

Jianhong Zhang, Chao Zhao and Zhongsheng Xiong

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-03

Beschreibung: This paper presents a meso-level simulation of gas hydrate dissociation in low-permeability marine sediments. Interstitial pores are defined to describe fluid flow and particle movement. The proposed model couples multiphase fluid flow with particle movement to simulate the thermodynamics of gas hydrate dissociation triggered by sharp temperature rises. Hydrates respond quickly to temperature rise in low-permeability sediments. Dissociation causes pore pressure to rise rapidly to equilibrium then steadily increase above equilibrium pressure. Lower permeability sediment builds up greater excess pore pressure as the dissipation of pore pressure is constrained.

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On the helical pipe flow with a pressure-dependent viscosity (2014)

Igor Pažanin

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-03

Beschreibung: We address the flow of incompressible fluid with a pressure-dependent viscosity through a pipe with helical shape. The viscosity-pressure relation is defined by the Barus law. The thickness of the pipe and the helix step are assumed to be of the same order and considered as the small parameter. After transforming the starting problem, we compute the asymptotic solution using curvilinear coordinates and standard perturbation technique. The solution is provided in the explicit form clearly showing the influence of viscosity-pressure dependence and pipe's geometry on the effective flow.

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Enclosure enhancement of flight performance (2014)

Mehdi Ghommem, Daniel Garcia and Victor M. Calo

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-03

Beschreibung: We use a potential flow solver to investigate the aerodynamic aspects of flapping flights in enclosed spaces. The enclosure effects are simulated by the method of images. Our study complements previous aerodynamic analyses which considered only the near-ground flight. The present results show that flying in the proximity of an enclosure affects the aerodynamic performance of flapping wings in terms of lift and thrust generation and power consumption. It leads to higher flight efficiency and more than 5% increase of the generation of lift and thrust.

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Linear stability analysis of supersonic axisymmetric jets (2014)

Zhenhua Wan, Haihua Yang, Lin Zhou and Dejun Sun

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-12-03

Beschreibung: Stabilities of supersonic jets are examined with different velocities, momentum thicknesses, and core temperatures. Amplification rates of instability waves at inlet are evaluated by linear stability theory (LST). It is found that increased velocity and core temperature would increase amplification rates substantially and such influence varies for different azimuthal wavenumbers. The most unstable modes in thin momentum thickness cases usually have higher frequencies and azimuthal wavenumbers. Mode switching is observed for low azimuthal wavenumbers, but it appears merely in high velocity cases. In addition, the results provided by linear parabolized stability equations show that the mean-flow divergence affects the spatial evolution of instability waves greatly. The most amplified instability waves globally are sometimes found to be different from that given by LST.

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On non-singular GRADELA crack fields (2014)

Elias C. Aifantis

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: A brief account is provided on crack-tip solutions that have recently been published in the literature by employing the so-called GRADELA model and its variants. The GRADELA model is a simple gradient elasticity theory involving one internal length in addition to the two Lame' constants, in an effort to eliminate elastic singularities and discontinuities and to interpret elastic size effects. The non-singular strains and non-singular (but sometimes singular or even hypersingular) stresses derived this way under different boundary conditions differ from each other and their physical meaning in not clear. This is discussed which focus on the form and physical meaning of non-singular solutions for crack-tip stresses and strains that are possible to obtain within the GRADELA model and its extensions.

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Effects of vacancy defect on the tensile behavior of graphene (2014)

Xiaoyu Sun, Zuoguang Fu, Mingtan Xia and Yuanjie Xu

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: Graphene is the strongest material but its performance is significantly weakened by vacancy defects. We use molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the tensile behavior of a graphene which contains a single vacancy defect. Our results suggest that because of the single vacancy, the fracture strength of graphene losses about 17.7%. The stress concentration around the vacancy defect leads to the destruction of nearby six-member rings structure, which forms the initial crack. The propagation direction of this crack in defective graphene is at an angle of 60° to the tensile direction initially, but then becomes perpendicular to the tensile direction.

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Effective thermal conductivity of wire-woven bulk Kagome sandwich panels (2014)

Xiaohu Yang, Jiaxi Bai, Ki-Ju Kang, Tianjian Lu and Tongbeum Kim

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: Thermal transport in a highly porous metallic wire-woven bulk Kagome (WBK) is numerically and analytically modeled. Based on topology similarity and upon introducing an elongation parameter in thermal tortuosity, an idealized Kagome with non-twisted struts is employed. Special focus is placed upon quantifying the effect of topological anisotropy of WBK upon its effective conductivity. It is demonstrated that the effective conductivity reduces linearly as the porosity increases, and the extent of the reduction is significantly dependent on the orientation of WBK. The governing physical mechanism of anisotropic thermal transport in WBK is found to be the anisotropic thermal tortuosity caused by the intrinsic anisotropic topology of WBK.

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Stress relaxation analysis of single chondrocytes using porohyperelastic model based on AFM experiments (2014)

Trung Dung Nguyen, Adekunle Oloyede and Yuantong Gu

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: Based on atomic force microscopytechnique, we found that the chondrocytes exhibits stress relaxation behavior. We explored the mechanism of this stress relaxation behavior and concluded that the intracellular fluid exuding out from the cells during deformation plays the most important role in the stress relaxation. We applied the inverse finite element analysis technique to determine necessary material parameters for porohyperelastic (PHE) model to simulate stress relaxation behavior as this model is proven capable of capturing the non-linear behavior and the fluid-solid interaction during the stress relaxation of the single chondrocytes. It is observed that PHE model can precisely capture the stress relaxation behavior of single chondrocytes and would be a suitable model for cell biomechanics.

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Surface effects on the persistence length of nanowires and nanotubes (2014)

Hua Liu, Hualong Song, Xiqiao Feng and Jialing Yang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: Surface effects on the persistence length of quasi-one-dimensional nanomaterials are investigated by using the theory of surface elasticity and the core–shell model of nanobeams. A simple and unified expression is provided to determine the persistence length of nanowires and nanotubes with any regular polygonal cross-sections. It is demonstrated that surface effects have a distinct influence on the persistence length when the characteristic sizes of materials shrink to nanometers. This work is helpful not only for understanding the size-dependent behavior of nanomaterials but also for the design of devices based on nanotubes or nanowires.

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Numerical investigation of the influence of shear band localization on the resonant behavior in the VHCF regime (2014)

Philipp-M. Hilgendorff, Andrei Grigorescu, Martina Zimmermann, Claus-P. Fritzen and Hans-J. Christ

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: The monitored resonant behavior of fatigue specimens of metastable austenitic stainless steel (AISI304) is correlated with its damage accumulation in the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) regime. The resonant behavior is studied experimentally and shows a distinct transient characteristic. Microscopic examinations indicate that during VHCF a localized plastic deformation in shear bands arises on the specimen surface. Hence, this work focuses on the effect of damage accumulation in shear bands on the resonant behavior of AISI304 in the VHCF regime. A microstructural simulation model is proposed that takes into account specific mechanisms in shear bands proven by experimental results. The simulation model is solved numerically using the two-dimensional boundary element method and the resonant behavior is characterized by evaluating the force-displacement hysteresis loop. Simulation of shear bands agrees well with microscopic examinations and plastic deformation in shear bands influences the transient characteristic of the resonant behavior.

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Plastic deformation modelling of tempered martensite steel block structure by a nonlocal crystal plasticity model (2014)

Martin Boeff, Anxin Ma and Alexander Hartmaier

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: The plastic deformations of tempered martensite steel representative volume elements with different martensite block structures have been investigated by using a nonlocal crystal plasticity model which considers isotropic and kinematic hardening produced by plastic strain gradients. It was found that pronounced strain gradients occur in the grain boundary region even under homogeneous loading. The isotropic hardening of strain gradients strongly influences the global stress–strain diagram while the kinematic hardening of strain gradients influences the local deformation behaviour. It is found that the additional strain gradient hardening is not only dependent on the block width but also on the misorientations or the deformation incompatibilities in adjacent blocks.

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Enhance limit cycle oscillation in a wind flow energy harvester system with fractional order derivatives (2014)

Cedrick A. Kitio Kwuimy and Grzegorz Litak

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: Advances in material science and mathematics in conjunction with technological needs have triggered the use of material and electric components with fractional order physical properties. This paper considers the mathematical model of a piezoelectric wind flow energy harvester system for which the capacitance of the piezoelectric material has fractional order current-voltage characteristics. Additionally the mechanical element is assumed to have fractional order damping. The analysis is focused on the effects of order of derivatives on the appearance and characteristics of limit circle oscillations (LCO). It is obtained that, the order of derivatives to enhance the amplitude of LCO and lower the threshold condition leading to LCO. The domains of efficiency of the system are illustrated in various parameters spaces.

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Physical mechanism of the compressive response of F-actin networks: significance of crosslinker unbinding events (2014)

Tong Li, Dean Hu, Prasad K.D.V. Yarlagadda and Yuantong Gu

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: A model of crosslinker unbinding is implemented in a highly coarse-grained granular model of F-actin cytoskeleton. We employ this specific granular model to study the mechanisms of the compressive responses of F-actin networks. It is found that the compressive response of F-actin cytoskeleton has dependency on the strain rate. The evolution of deformation energy in the network indicates that crosslinker unbinding events can induce the remodelling of F-actin cytoskeleton in response to external loadings. The internal stress in F-actin cytoskeleton can efficiently dissipate with the help of crosslinker unbinding, which could lead to the spontaneous relaxation of living cells.

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Simulation of size effects by a phase field model for fracture (2014)

Charlotte Kuhn and Ralf Müller

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: In phase field fracture models the value of the order parameter distinguishes between broken and undamaged material. At crack faces the order parameter interpolates smoothly between these two states of the material, which can be regarded as phases. The crack evolution follows implicitly from the time integration of an evolution equation of the order parameter, which is coupled to the mechanical field equations. Among other phenomena phase field fracture models are able to reproduce crack nucleation in initially sound materials. For a 1D setting it has been shown that crack nucleation is triggered by the loss of stability of the unfractured, spatially homogeneous solution, and that the stability point depends on the size of the considered structure. This work numerically investigates to which extend size effects are reproduced by the 2D phase field model. Exemplarily, a finite element study of the hole size effect is performed and the simulation results are compared to experimental data.

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Interplay between polarization rotation and crack propagation in PMN-PT relaxor single crystals (2014)

Fei Fang, Wenqi Jing and Wei Yang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: Investigations on the interconnection between the polarization rotation and crack propagation are performed for [110]-oriented 74Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -26PbTiO 3 relaxor ferroelectric single crystal under electric loadings along [001] direction. The crystal is of predominantly monoclinic M A phase with scatter distributed rhombohedral ( R ) phase under a moderate poling field of 900 V/mm in [001] direction. With magnitude of 800 V/mm, a through thickness crack is initiated near the electrode by electric cycling. Static electric loadings is then imposed to the single crystal. As the applied static electric field increases, domain switching in the monoclinic M A phase and phase transition from M A to R phase occur near the crack. The results indicate that the crack features a conducting one. Whether domain switching or phase transition occurs depends on the intensity of the electric field component that is perpendicular to the applied electric field.

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V. K. Patel, D. L. Chen and S. D. Bhole

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: Sound dissimilar lap joints were achieved via ultrasonic spot welding (USW), which is a solid-state joining technique. The addition of Sn interlayer during USW effectively blocked the formation of brittle al 12 Mg 17 intermetallic compound in the Mg-Al dissimilar joints without interlayer, and led to the presence of a distinctive composite-like Sn and Mg 2 Sn eutectic structure in both Mg-Al and Mg-high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel joints. The lap shear strength of both types of dissimilar joints with a Sn interlayer was significantly higher than that of the corresponding dissimilar joints without interlayer. Failure during the tensile lap shear tests occurred mainly in the mode of cohesive failure in the Mg-Al dissimilar joints and in the mode of partial cohesive failure and partial nugget pull-out in the Mg-HSLA steel dissimilar joints.

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On the decomposition of forces (2014)

Dong Eui Chang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: We show that any continuously differentiable force is decomposed into the sum of a Rayleigh force and a gyroscopic force. We also extend this result to piecewise continuously differentiable forces. Our result improves the result on the decomposition of forces in a book by David Merkin and further extends it to piecewise continuously differentiable forces.

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High resolution ultrastructure imaging of fractures in human dental tissues (2014)

Tan Sui, Siqi Ying, Gabriel Landini and Alexander M. Korsunsky

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: Human dental hard tissues are dentine, cementum, and enamel. These are hydrated mineralised composite tissues with a hierarchical structure and versatile thermo-mechanical properties. The hierarchical structure of dentine and enamel was imaged by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of samples prepared by focused ion beam (FIB) milling. High resolution TEM was carried out in the vicinity of a crack tip in dentine. An intricate “random weave” pattern of hydroxyapatile crystallites was observed and this provided a possible explanation for toughening of the mineralized dentine tissue at the nano-scale. The results reported here provide the basis for improved understanding of the relationship between the multi-scale nature and the mechanical properties of hierarchically structured biomaterials, and will also be useful for the development of better prosthetic and dental restorative materials.

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Experimental investigation of chimney-enhanced natural convection in hexagonal honeycombs (2014)

Xiaohu Yang, Jiaxi Bai, Tianjian Lu and Tongbeum Kim

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: The natural convective heat transfer performance of an aluminum hexagonal honeycomb acting as a novel heat sink for LED cooling is experimentally investigated. The concept of adding an adiabatic square chimney extension for heat transfer enhancement is proposed, and the effects of chimney shape, height, and diameter are quantified. The average N u av of a heated honeycomb with straight chimney is significantly higher than that without chimney, and the enhancement increases with increasing chimney height. At a given chimney height, honeycombs with divergent chimneys perform better than those with convergent ones. For a fixed divergent angle, the N u av number increases monotonically with increasing chimney height. In contrast, with the convergent angle fixed, there exists an optimal chimney height to achieve maximum heat transfer.

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Three-dimensional numerical simulation of a vortex ring impacting a bump (2014)

Heng Ren and Changyue Xu

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: A vortex ring impinging on a three-dimensional bump is studied using large eddy simulation for a Reynolds number R e = 4 × 10 4 based on the initial translation speed and diameter of the vortex ring. The effects of bump height on the vortical flow phenomena and the underlying physical mechanisms are investigated. Based on the analysis of the evolution of vortical structures, two typical kinds of vortical structures, i.e., the wrapping vortices and the hair-pin vortices, are identified and play an important role in the flow state evolution. The circulation of the primary vortex ring reasonably elucidates some typical phases of flow evolution. Furthermore, the mechanism of flow transition from laminar to turbulent state has been revealed based on analysis of turbulent kinetic energy.

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Limit point buckling of a finite beam on a nonlinear foundation (2014)

Romain Lagrange

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: In this paper, we consider an imperfect finite beam lying on a nonlinear foundation, whose dimensionless stiffness is reduced from 1 to k as the beam deflection increases. Periodic equilibrium solutions are found analytically and are in good agreement with a numerical resolution, suggesting that localized buckling does not appear for a finite beam. The equilibrium paths may exhibit a limit point whose existence is related to the imperfection size and the stiffness parameter k through an explicit condition. The limit point decreases with the imperfection size while it increases with the stiffness parameter. We show that the decay/growth rate is sensitive to the restoring force model. The analytical results on the limit load may be of particular interest for engineers in structural mechanics.

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Deformation behaviour in advanced heat resistant materials during slow strain rate testing at elevated temperature (2014)

Mattias Calmunger, Guocai Chai, Sten Johansson and Johan Moverare

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: In this study, slow strain rate tensile testing at elevated temperature is used to evaluate the influence of temperature and strain rate on deformation behaviour in two different austenitic alloys. One austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316L) and one nickel-base alloy (Alloy 617) have been investigated. Scanning electron microscopy related techniques as electron channelling contrast imaging and electron backscattering diffraction have been used to study the damage and fracture micromechanisms. For both alloys the dominante damage micromechanisms are slip bands and planar slip interacting with grain bounderies or precipitates causing strain concentrations. The dominante fracture micromechanism when using a slow strain rate at elevated temperature, is microcracks at grain bounderies due to grain boundery embrittlement caused by precipitates. The decrease in strain rate seems to have a small influence on dynamic strain ageing at 650°C.

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Energy barrier for configurational transformation of graphene nanoribbon on nanotube (2014)

Qifang Yin and Xinghua Shi

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: A graphene nanoribbon (GNR) has two basic configurations when winding on the outer surface of a carbon nanotube (CNT): helix and scroll. Here the transformation between the two configurations is studied utilizing molecular dynamics simulations. The energy barrier during the transformation as well as its relationship with the interfacial energy and the radius of CNT are investigated. Our work offers further insights into the formation of desirable helix/scroll of GNR winding on nanotubes or nanowires, and thus can enable novel design of potential graphene-based electronics.

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Safety distance for preventing hot particle ignition of building insulation materials (2014)

Jiayun Song, Supan Wang and Haixiang Chen

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: Trajectories of flying hot particles were predicted in this work, and the temperatures during the movement were also calculated. Once the particle temperature decreased to the critical temperature for a hot particle to ignite building insulation materials, which was predicted by hot-spot ignition theory, the distance particle traveled was determined as the minimum safety distance for preventing the ignition of building insulation materials by hot particles. The results showed that for sphere aluminum particles with the same initial velocities and diameters, the horizontal and vertical distances traveled by particles with higher initial temperatures were higher. Smaller particles traveled farther when other conditions were the same. The critical temperature for an aluminum particle to ignite rigid polyurethane foam increased rapidly with the decrease of particle diameter. The horizontal and vertical safety distances were closely related to the initial temperature, diameter and initial velocity of particles. These results could help update the safety provision of firework display.

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Wavelet method applied to specific adhesion of elastic solids via molecular bonds (2014)

Lei Zhang, Jizeng Wang and Youhe Zhou

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: We propose a wavelet method to analyze the stochastic-elastic problem of specific adhesion between two elastic solids via ligand-receptor bond clusters, which is governed by a nonlinear integro-differential equation with a singular Cauchy kernel to describe the mean-field coupling between deformation of elastic materials and stochastic behavior of the molecular bonds. To solve this problem, Galerkin method based on a wavelet approximation scheme is adopted, and special treatment which transforms the singular Cauchy kernel into a smooth one has been proposed to avoid the cumbersome calculation of singular integrals. Numerical results demonstrate that the method is fully capable of solving the specific adhesion problems with complex nonlinear and singular equations. Based on the proposed method, investigations are performed to reveal the relation between steady-state pulling force and mean surface separation under different stress concentration indexes, which is crucial for assembling the overall constitutive relations for multicellular tumor spheroids and polymer-matrix microcomposites.

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Slip flow in an annular sector duct using radial eigenfunctions (2014)

Chang Yi Wang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: The fully developed slip flow in an annular sector duct is solved by expansions of eigenfunctions in the radial direction and boundary collocation on the straight sides. The method is efficient and accurate. The flow field for slip flow differs much from that of no-slip flow. The Poiseuille number increases with increased inner radius, opening angle, and decreases with slip.

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An analytical theory of heated duct flows in supersonic combustors (2014)

Chenxi Wu, Fengquan Zhong and Jing Fan

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: One-dimensional analytical theory is developed for supersonic duct flow with variation of cross section, wall friction, heat addition, and relations between the inlet and outlet flow parameters are obtained. By introducing a selfsimilar parameter, effects of heat releasing, wall friction, and change in cross section area on the flow can be normalized and a self-similar solution of the flow equations can be found. Based on the result of self-similar solution, the sufficient and necessary condition for the occurrence of thermal choking is derived. A relation of the maximum heat addition leading to thermal choking of the duct flow is derived as functions of area ratio, wall friction, and mass addition, which is an extension of the classic Rayleigh flow theory, where the effects of wall friction and mass addition are not considered. The present work is expected to provide fundamentals for developing an integral analytical theory for ramjets and scramjets.

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Quantification of the stiffness and strength of cadherin ectodomain binding with different ions (2014)

Zhiyang Xu, Dechang Li and Ji Baohua

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-10

Beschreibung: The stiffness and strength of extracellular (EC) region of cadherin are proposed to be two important mechanical properties both for cadherin as a mechanotransductor and for the formation of cell-cell adhesion. In this study, we quantitatively characterized the stiffness and strength of EC structure when it binds with different types of ions by molecular dynamics simulations. Results show that EC structure exhibits a rod-like shape with high stiffness and strength when it binds with the bivalent ions of calcium or magnesium. However, it switches to a soft and collapsed conformation when it binds with the monovalent ions of sodium or potassium. This study sheds light on the important role of the bivalent ions of calcium in the physiological function of EC.

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A simple model for diffusion-induced dislocations during the lithiation of crystalline materials (2014)

Fuqian Yang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: Assuming that the lithiation reaction occurs randomly in individual small particles in the vicinity of the reaction front, a simple model of diffusion-induced dislocations was developed. The diffusion-induced dislocations are controlled by the misfit strain created by the diffusion of solute atoms or the phase transformation in the vicinity of the reaction front. The dislocation density is proportional to the total surface area of the “lithiated particle” and inversely proportional to the particle volume. The diffusion-induced dislocations relieve the diffusion-induced stresses.

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Magnetohydrodynamic process in solar activity (2014)

Jingxiu Wang and Jie Jiang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-10-16

Beschreibung: Magnetohydrodynamics is one of the major disciplines in solar physics. Vigorous magnetohydrodynamic process is taking place in the solar convection zone and atmosphere. It controls the generating and structuring of the solar magnetic fields, causes the accumulation of magnetic non-potential energy in the solar atmosphere and triggers the explosive magnetic energy release, manifested as violent solar flares and coronal mass ejections. Nowadays detailed observations in solar astrophysics from space and on the ground urge a great need for the studies of magnetohydrodynamics and plasma physics to achieve better understanding of the mechanism or mechanisms of solar activity. On the other hand, the spectacular solar activity always serves as a great laboratory of magnetohydrodynamics. In this article, we reviewed a few key unresolved problems in solar activity studies and discussed the relevant issues in solar magnetohydrodynamics.

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Deformation behaviour in advanced heat resistant materials during slow strain rate testing at elevated temperature (2014)

Mattias Calmunger, Guocai Chai, Sten Johansson and Johan Moverare

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

Beschreibung: In this study, slow strain rate tensile testing at elevated temperature is used to evaluate the influence of temperature and strain rate on deformation behaviour in two different austenitic alloys. One austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316L) and one nickel-base alloy (Alloy 617) have been investigated. Scanning electron microscopy related techniques as electron channelling contrast imaging and electron backscattering diffraction have been used to study the damage and fracture micromechanisms. For both alloys the dominante damage micromechanisms are slip bands and planar slip interacting with grain bounderies or precipitates causing strain concentrations. The dominante fracture micromechanism when using a slow strain rate at elevated temperature, is microcracks at grain bounderies due to grain boundery embrittlement caused by precipitates. The decrease in strain rate seems to have a small influence on dynamic strain ageing at 650°C.

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Wavelet method applied to specific adhesion of elastic solids via molecular bonds (2014)

Lei Zhang, Jizeng Wang and Youhe Zhou

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

Beschreibung: We propose a wavelet method to analyze the stochastic-elastic problem of specific adhesion between two elastic solids via ligand-receptor bond clusters, which is governed by a nonlinear integro-differential equation with a singular Cauchy kernel to describe the mean-field coupling between deformation of elastic materials and stochastic behavior of the molecular bonds. To solve this problem, Galerkin method based on a wavelet approximation scheme is adopted, and special treatment which transforms the singular Cauchy kernel into a smooth one has been proposed to avoid the cumbersome calculation of singular integrals. Numerical results demonstrate that the method is fully capable of solving the specific adhesion problems with complex nonlinear and singular equations. Based on the proposed method, investigations are performed to reveal the relation between steady-state pulling force and mean surface separation under different stress concentration indexes, which is crucial for assembling the overall constitutive relations for multicellular tumor spheroids and polymer-matrix microcomposites.

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High resolution ultrastructure imaging of fractures in human dental tissues (2014)

Tan Sui, Siqi Ying, Gabriel Landini and Alexander M. Korsunsky

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

Beschreibung: Human dental hard tissues are dentine, cementum, and enamel. These are hydrated mineralised composite tissues with a hierarchical structure and versatile thermo-mechanical properties. The hierarchical structure of dentine and enamel was imaged by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of samples prepared by focused ion beam (FIB) milling. High resolution TEM was carried out in the vicinity of a crack tip in dentine. An intricate “random weave” pattern of hydroxyapatile crystallites was observed and this provided a possible explanation for toughening of the mineralized dentine tissue at the nano-scale. The results reported here provide the basis for improved understanding of the relationship between the multi-scale nature and the mechanical properties of hierarchically structured biomaterials, and will also be useful for the development of better prosthetic and dental restorative materials.

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Thermal shock resistance behavior of a functionally graded ceramic: Effects of finite cooling rate (2014)

Zhihe Jin and Yuezhong Feng

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

Beschreibung: This work presents a semi-analytical model to explore the effects of cooling rate on the thermal shock resistance behavior of a functionally graded ceramic (FGC) plate with a periodic array of edge cracks. The FGC is assumed to be a thermally heterogeneous material with constant elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio. The cooling rate applied at the FGC surface is modeled using a linear ramp function. An integral equation method and a closed form asymptotic temperature solution are employed to compute the thermal stress intensity factor (TSIF). The thermal shock residual strength and critical thermal shock of the FGC plate are obtained using the SIF criterion. Thermal shock simulations for an Al 2 O 3 /Si 3 N 4 FGC indicate that a finite cooling rate leads to a significantly higher critical thermal shock than that under the sudden cooling condition. The residual strength, however, is relatively insensitive to the cooling rate.

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Asymptotic solutions for buckling delamination induced crack propagation in the thin film-compliant substrate system (2014)

Tongqing Lu and Tiejun Wang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

Beschreibung: In a thin film-substrate system in-plane compressive stress is commonly generated in the film due to thermal mismatch in operation or fabrication process. If the stress exceeds a critical value, part of the film may buckle out of plane along the defective interface. After buckling delamination, the interface crack at the ends may propagate. In the whole process, the compliance of the substrate compared with the film plays an important role. In this work, we study a circular film subject to compressive stress on an infinitely thick substrate. We study the effects of compliance of the substrate by modeling the system as a plate on an elastic foundation. The critical buckling condition is formulated. The asymptotic solutions of post-buckling deformation and the corresponding energy release rate of the interface crack are obtained with perturbation methods. The results show that the more compliant the substrate is, the easier for the film to buckle and easier for the interface crack to propagate after buckling.

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On the decomposition of forces (2014)

Dong Eui Chang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

Beschreibung: We show that any continuously differentiable force is decomposed into the sum of a Rayleigh force and a gyroscopic force. We also extend this result to piecewise continuously differentiable forces. Our result improves the result on the decomposition of forces in a book by David Merkin and further extends it to piecewise continuously differentiable forces.

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V. K. Patel, D. L. Chen and S. D. Bhole

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

Beschreibung: Sound dissimilar lap joints were achieved via ultrasonic spot welding (USW), which is a solid-state joining technique. The addition of Sn interlayer during USW effectively blocked the formation of brittle al 12 Mg 17 intermetallic compound in the Mg-Al dissimilar joints without interlayer, and led to the presence of a distinctive composite-like Sn and Mg 2 Sn eutectic structure in both Mg-Al and Mg-high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel joints. The lap shear strength of both types of dissimilar joints with a Sn interlayer was significantly higher than that of the corresponding dissimilar joints without interlayer. Failure during the tensile lap shear tests occurred mainly in the mode of cohesive failure in the Mg-Al dissimilar joints and in the mode of partial cohesive failure and partial nugget pull-out in the Mg-HSLA steel dissimilar joints.

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Numerical simulation of gap effect in supersonic flows (2014)

Song Mo, Haiming Huang, Guo Huang, Xiaoliang Xu and Zimao Zhang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

Beschreibung: The gap effect is a key factor in the design of the heat sealing in supersonic vehicles subjected to an aerodynamic heat load. Built on S-A turbulence model and Roe discrete format, the aerodynamic environment around a gap on the surface of a supersonic aircraft was simulated by the finite volume method. As the presented results indicate, the gap effect depends not only on the attack angle, but also on the Mach number.

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Mesoscopic characterization and modeling of microcracking in cementitious materials by the extended finite element method (2014)

Junjie Huang, Mingxiang Chen and Jian Sun

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

Beschreibung: This study develops a mesoscopic framework and methodology for the modeling of microcracks in concrete. A new algorithm is first proposed for the generation of random concrete meso-structure including microcracks and then coupled with the extended finite element method to simulate the heterogeneities and discontinuities present in the meso-structure of concrete. The proposed procedure is verified and exemplified by a series of numerical simulations. The simulation results show that microcracks can exert considerable impact on the fracture performance of concrete. More broadly, this work provides valuable insight into the initiation and propagation mechanism of microcracks in concrete and helps to foster a better understanding of the micro-mechanical behavior of cementitious materials.

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Energy barrier for configurational transformation of graphene nanoribbon on nanotube (2014)

Qifang Yin and Xinghua Shi

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

Beschreibung: A graphene nanoribbon (GNR) has two basic configurations when winding on the outer surface of a carbon nanotube (CNT): helix and scroll. Here the transformation between the two configurations is studied utilizing molecular dynamics simulations. The energy barrier during the transformation as well as its relationship with the interfacial energy and the radius of CNT are investigated. Our work offers further insights into the formation of desirable helix/scroll of GNR winding on nanotubes or nanowires, and thus can enable novel design of potential graphene-based electronics.

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Editorial: Recent advances in fracture research (2014)

Xiqiao Feng and Shouwen Yu

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

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Finding the buckling load of non-uniform columns using the iteration perturbation method (2014)

Aref Afsharfard and Anooshiravan Farshidianfar

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

Beschreibung: The aim of this study is to calculate the critical load of variable inertia columns. The example studied in this paper can be used as a paradigm for other non-uniform columns. The wavelength of equivalent vibratory system is used to calculate the critical load of the trigonometrically varied inertia column. In doing so, the equilibrium equation of the column is theoretically studied using the perturbation method. Accuracy of the calculated results is evaluated by comparing the solution with numerical results. Effect of improving the initial guess on the solution accuracy is investigated. Effects of varying parameters of the trigonometrically varied inertia and the uniformly tapered columns on their stability behavior are studied. Finally, using the so-called “perfectibility” parameter, two design goals, i.e., being lightweight and being strong, are studied for the discussed columns.

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Fatigue behaviour of coke drum materials under thermal-mechanical cyclic loading (2014)

Jie Chen and Zihui Xia

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-08-09

Beschreibung: Coke drums are vertical pressure vessels used in the delayed coking process in petroleum refineries. Significant temperature variation during the delayed coking process causes damage in coke drums in the form of bulging and cracking. There were some studies on the fatigue life estimation for the coke drums, but most of them were based on strain-fatigue life curves at constant temperatures, which do not consider simultaneous cyclic temperature and mechanical loading conditions. In this study, a fatigue testing system is successfully developed to allow performing thermal-mechanical fatigue (TMF) test similar to the coke drum loading condition. Two commonly used base and one clad materials of coke drums are then experimentally investigated. In addition, a comparative study between isothermal and TMF lives of these materials is conducted. The experimental findings lead to better understanding of the damage mechanisms occurring in coke drums and more accurate prediction of fatigue life of coke drum materials.

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Quantification of the stiffness and strength of cadherin ectodomain binding with different ions (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-05-15

Beschreibung: The stiffness and strength of extracellular (EC) region of cadherin are proposed to be two important mechanical properties both for cadherin as a mechanotransductor and for the formation of cell-cell adhesion. In this study, we quantitatively characterized the stiffness and strength of EC structure when it binds with different types of ions by molecular dynamics simulations. Results show that EC structure exhibits a rod-like shape with high stiffness and strength when it binds with the bivalent ions of calcium or magnesium. However, it switches to a soft and collapsed conformation when it binds with the monovalent ions of sodium or potassium. This study sheds light on the important role of the bivalent ions of calcium in the physiological function of EC.

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Moving contact line problem: Advances and perspectives (2014)

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-05-15

Beschreibung: The solid-liquid interface, which is ubiquitous in nature and our daily life, plays fundamental roles in a variety of physical-chemical-biological-mechanical phenomena, for example in lubrication, crystal growth, and many biological reactions that govern the building of human body and the functioning of brain. A surge of interests in the moving contact line (MCL) problem, which is still going on today, can be traced back to 1970s primarily because of the existence of the “Huh-Scriven paradox”. This paper, mainly from a solid mechanics perspective, describes very briefly the multidisciplinary nature of the MCL problem, then summarizes some major advances in this exciting research area, and some future directions are presented.

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Safety distance for preventing hot particle ignition of building insulation materials (2014)

Jiayun Song, Supan Wang and Haixiang Chen

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-10

Beschreibung: Trajectories of flying hot particles were predicted in this work, and the temperatures during the movement were also calculated. Once the particle temperature decreased to the critical temperature for a hot particle to ignite building insulation materials, which was predicted by hot-spot ignition theory, the distance particle traveled was determined as the minimum safety distance for preventing the ignition of building insulation materials by hot particles. The results showed that for sphere aluminum particles with the same initial velocities and diameters, the horizontal and vertical distances traveled by particles with higher initial temperatures were higher. Smaller particles traveled farther when other conditions were the same. The critical temperature for an aluminum particle to ignite rigid polyurethane foam increased rapidly with the decrease of particle diameter. The horizontal and vertical safety distances were closely related to the initial temperature, diameter and initial velocity of particles. These results could help update the safety provision of firework display.

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Simulation on spread of fire smoke in the elevator shaft for a high-rise building (2014)

Yunchun Xia

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-10

Beschreibung: Spread of fire smoke in the elevator shaft of a high-rise building is influenced by many driving facts. We simulate smoke spreading in the elevator shaft, stair room, and pre-chamber with and without different supplied pressurized air. The simulation shows that smoke moves very fast in the elevator shaft. When a 12 floor high-rise building is in fire, smoke can fill up the elevator shaft in less than 1.5 min after a fire started, temperature in the elevator shaft can be higher than 187°C in 5 min, and the concentration of CO can also reach a high level. The elevator shaft has a very low visibility in less than about 100 s.

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Experimental investigation of chimney-enhanced natural convection in hexagonal honeycombs (2014)

Xiaohu Yang, Jiaxi Bai, Tianjian Lu and Tongbeum Kim

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-10

Beschreibung: The natural convective heat transfer performance of an aluminum hexagonal honeycomb acting as a novel heat sink for LED cooling is experimentally investigated. The concept of adding an adiabatic square chimney extension for heat transfer enhancement is proposed, and the effects of chimney shape, height, and diameter are quantified. The average N u av of a heated honeycomb with straight chimney is significantly higher than that without chimney, and the enhancement increases with increasing chimney height. At a given chimney height, honeycombs with divergent chimneys perform better than those with convergent ones. For a fixed divergent angle, the N u av number increases monotonically with increasing chimney height. In contrast, with the convergent angle fixed, there exists an optimal chimney height to achieve maximum heat transfer.

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Three-dimensional numerical simulation of a vortex ring impacting a bump (2014)

Heng Ren and Changyue Xu

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-10

Beschreibung: A vortex ring impinging on a three-dimensional bump is studied using large eddy simulation for a Reynolds number R e = 4 × 10 4 based on the initial translation speed and diameter of the vortex ring. The effects of bump height on the vortical flow phenomena and the underlying physical mechanisms are investigated. Based on the analysis of the evolution of vortical structures, two typical kinds of vortical structures, i.e., the wrapping vortices and the hair-pin vortices, are identified and play an important role in the flow state evolution. The circulation of the primary vortex ring reasonably elucidates some typical phases of flow evolution. Furthermore, the mechanism of flow transition from laminar to turbulent state has been revealed based on analysis of turbulent kinetic energy.

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Role of wing morphing in thrust generation (2014)

Mehdi Ghommem, Muhammad R. Hajj, Philip S. Beran and Ishwar K. Puri

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-10

Beschreibung: In this paper, we investigate the role of morphing on flight dynamics of two birds by simulating the flow over rigid and morphing wings that have the characteristics of two different birds, namely the Giant Petrel and Dove Prion. The simulation of a flapping rigid wing shows that the root of the wing should be placed at a specific angle of attack in order to generate enough lift to balance the weight of the bird. However, in this case the generated thrust is either very small, or even negative, depending on the wing shape. Further, results show that morphing of the wing enables a significant increase in the thrust and propulsive efficiency. This indicates that the birds actually utilize some sort of active wing twisting and bending to produce enough thrust. This study should facilitate better guidance for the design of flapping air vehicles.

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Slip flow in an annular sector duct using radial eigenfunctions (2014)

Chang Yi Wang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-10

Beschreibung: The fully developed slip flow in an annular sector duct is solved by expansions of eigenfunctions in the radial direction and boundary collocation on the straight sides. The method is efficient and accurate. The flow field for slip flow differs much from that of no-slip flow. The Poiseuille number increases with increased inner radius, opening angle, and decreases with slip.

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Thema: Maschinenbau

Publiziert von Elsevier im Namen von The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (CSTAM).

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Study on mechanical characteristics and safety evaluation method of steel frame structure after fire (2014)

Qiang Sun, Congcong Guan and Dingtang Wang

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-10

Beschreibung: Mechanical characterization of steel frame structure after fire are analyzed based on fire dynamics, heat transfer theory, structural mechanics, and finite element theory. We study the temperature characteristics and mechanical properties of steel frame structure under different fire locations and propose a safety evaluation method. We also analyze damage level of main frame components, maximum temperature of fire, thermal characteristics of frame components, firing duration, etc. to provide useful information for fire resistance design of the steel frame structure and post-disaster safety evaluation.

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Thema: Maschinenbau

Publiziert von Elsevier im Namen von The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (CSTAM).

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Limit point buckling of a finite beam on a nonlinear foundation (2014)

Romain Lagrange

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-10

Beschreibung: In this paper, we consider an imperfect finite beam lying on a nonlinear foundation, whose dimensionless stiffness is reduced from 1 to k as the beam deflection increases. Periodic equilibrium solutions are found analytically and are in good agreement with a numerical resolution, suggesting that localized buckling does not appear for a finite beam. The equilibrium paths may exhibit a limit point whose existence is related to the imperfection size and the stiffness parameter k through an explicit condition. The limit point decreases with the imperfection size while it increases with the stiffness parameter. We show that the decay/growth rate is sensitive to the restoring force model. The analytical results on the limit load may be of particular interest for engineers in structural mechanics.

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Thema: Maschinenbau

Publiziert von Elsevier im Namen von The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (CSTAM).

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Blended-fuel based EDC combustion model and its application in heptane-ethanol fire simulation (2014)

Changjian Wang, Jennifer Wen, Yanming Ding and Shouxiang Lu

Elsevier

In: Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Letters

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Publikationsdatum: 2014-06-10

Beschreibung: The blended-fuel based eddy-dissipation-concept combustion model was newly developed in the FireFOAM framework, and applied to simulate 30 cm×30 cm heptane-ethanol pool fire. Comparison was made of fire height, centerline temperature against experimental measurements, which shows that they match very well with each other. However, further studies are needed to examine the validation of this model in fire simulations with various scales.

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Thema: Maschinenbau

Publiziert von Elsevier im Namen von The Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (CSTAM).

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