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  • Artikel  (1.202)
  • Springer  (1.202)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • 2015-2019  (1.092)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (110)
  • 2017  (1.092)
  • 1983  (110)
  • Applied Physics A  (322)
  • 1434
  • Physik  (1.202)
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  • Artikel  (1.202)
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  • Springer  (1.202)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • National Academy of Sciences
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  • 2015-2019  (1.092)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984  (110)
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  • 1
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    A laboratory study of supercritical CO 2 adsorption on cap rocks in the geological storage conditions (2017)
    Springer
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-03-18
    Beschreibung: In the present study, various cap rocks have been experimentally reacted in water with supercritical CO 2 in geological storage conditions ( P  = 8 × 10 6  Pa and T  = 80 °C) for 25 days. To characterize the potential CO 2 –water–rock interactions, an experimental setup has been built to provide additional information concerning the effects of structure, thermal and surface characteristics changes due to CO 2 injection with cap rocks. In addition, CO 2 adsorption capacities of different materials (i.e., clay evaporate and sandstone) are measured. These samples were characterized by XRD technique. The BET specific surface area was determined by nitrogen isotherms. In addition, thermal characteristics of untreated adsorbents were analyzed via TGA method and topography surfaces are identified by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Taking into account pressure and temperature, the physical as well as chemical mechanisms of CO 2 retention were determined. Isotherm change profiles of samples for relative pressure range indicate clearly that CO 2 was adsorbed in different quantities. In accordance with the X-ray diffraction, a crystalline phase was formed due to the carbonic acid attack and precipitation of some carbonate.
    Print ISSN: 0947-8396
    Digitale ISSN: 1432-0630
    Thema: Technik allgemein , Physik
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  • 2
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    Flexible resistive switching device based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVP) composite and methyl red heterojunction (2017)
    Springer
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-03-18
    Beschreibung: To obtain a desired performance of non-volatile memory applications, heterojunction-based resistive switching devices have tremendous attractions. In this paper, we demonstrate resistive switching characteristics for heterojunction of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVP) composite and methyl red sandwiched in between bottom and top silver (Ag) electrodes. The proposed heterojunction layers are fabricated through spin coater at 3000 rpm for 60 s each, and the Ag electrodes are deposited through a commercialized inkjet printer DMP-3000 on polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) substrate. To verify the proposed device, the resistive switching on dual polarity voltage of ±10.2 V is measured over more than 500 endurance cycles. The paper also presents an R off / R on ratio which can adjust through an active layer’s area and a blending ratio of the PEDOT:PSS and PVP. By applying the area of 100 μm 2 and the blending ratio of 3:1, we achieve the higher R off / R on ratio of 121, and its high resistance state (HRS) and low resistance state (LRS) are observed as 3000 kΩ and 24.7 kΩ, respectively. To maintain a long retention time, the device is encapsulated with PDMS, which changes a little variations of 52 Ω for HRS 498 Ω for LRS over 60 days. For the flexible realization to be utilized in wearable applications, it can be easily applied on a plastic substrate using printed technologies.
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    Thema: Technik allgemein , Physik
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  • 3
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    A density functional theory-based finite element method to study the vibrational characteristics of zigzag phosphorene nanotubes (2017)
    Springer
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-03-22
    Beschreibung: In this paper, the vibrational characteristics of zigzag phosphorene nanotubes are investigated by using a three-dimensional finite element model. The beam elements are used to simulate the P–P bonds in the structure of the phosphorene nanotubes. The elastic properties of the beam elements are computed from the similarity of energy terms in the molecular and structural mechanics. Besides, mass elements are located at the place of the atoms. Considering the zigzag phosphorene nanotubes with different diameters, it is shown that the effect of the diameter on the first natural frequencies of the nanotubes can be neglected. However, this effect increases for higher modes. Besides, at the same diameter, the zigzag phosphorene nanotubes with larger aspect ratios (length/diameter) have smaller frequencies.
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    Thema: Technik allgemein , Physik
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  • 4
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    Precipitation method and characterization of cobalt oxide nanoparticles (2017)
    Springer
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-03-22
    Beschreibung: Cobalt oxide (Co 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles were synthesized using precipitation method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern was used to determine the structure of Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles. The presence of Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles was confirmed by the FTIR spectrum. The fact about the surface morphology of Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles was revealed by scanning electron microscopic analysis. Transmission electron microscopy was used to measure the particle size of the Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles. The absorption spectrum made it possible to analyze the optical properties of Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles. This work contributes to the study of dielectric properties such as the dielectric loss and the dielectric constant of Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles, at varied frequencies and temperatures. The magnetic properties of the Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles were also investigated.
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    Thema: Technik allgemein , Physik
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  • 5
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    Bandwidth enhancement of a multilayered polymeric comb array antenna for millimeter-wave applications (2017)
    Springer
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-01-03
    Beschreibung: This paper introduces a new multilayered polymeric comb array antenna fabricated on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) dielectric substrate. PDMS is selected due to its excellent electrical and mechanical properties such as low permittivity, water resistance and robustness. The polymeric comb array antenna consists of a zigzag array aligned at −90° with respect to the radiating patch with full ground plane. The radiating patch is embedded inside the PDMS substrate while the coaxial connector is located at the bottom of the transmission line. The proposed antenna functions from 22.649 to 27.792 GHz. Simulated and measured reflection coefficients and radiation patterns agreed well. A maximum gain of 9.856 dB is recorded at 25 GHz, indicating suitability for implementation in millimeter-wave applications.
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    Thema: Technik allgemein , Physik
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  • 6
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    Effect of external applied steady magnetic field on the morphology of laser welding joint of 4-mm 2024 aluminum alloy (2017)
    Springer
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-01-03
    Beschreibung: Additional external steady magnetic fields were applied to investigate the influence of a steady magnetic field aligned perpendicular to the welding direction during laser beam welding of 2024 aluminum alloy. The flow pattern in the molten pool and the weld seam geometry were significantly changed by the induced Lorentz force distribution in the liquid metal. It revealed that the application of a steady magnetic field to laser beam welding was helpful to the suppression of the characteristic wineglass-shape and the depth-to-width ratio because of the Marangoni convection. The microstructures and component distributions at various laser power and magnetic field intensity were analyzed too. It was indicated that the suppression of the Marangoni convection by Lorentz force was beneficial to accumulation of component and grain coarsening near the fusion line.
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  • 7
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    Selective and uniform growth of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for gas sensing application (2017)
    Springer
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-02-17
    Beschreibung: In the present work, we have synthesized uniformly distributed single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) networks with a selective diameter suitable for gas sensing device. The SWCNT networks have been synthesized on 2-nm-thick iron (Fe) catalyst-coated silicon (Si) substrates by Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD). The as-grown SWCNTs were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy techniques. Using SWCNT network, the sensitivity of ammonia (NH 3 ) gases/vapors was recognized by their surface adsorption and desorption responses. The response curve was observed from the SWCNT network, which is due to a change in the resistance upon exposure to NH 3 gas.
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  • 8
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    Synthesis and characterization of PbO–CdO nanocomposite and its effect on (Bi,Pb)-2223 superconductor (2017)
    Springer
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-02-17
    Beschreibung: A PbO–CdO nanocomposite-added Bi 1.6 Pb 0.4 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10 ((Bi,Pb)-2223) superconductor has been prepared. The effect of the PbO–CdO nanocomposite addition on the transport critical current density ( J c ) of (Bi,Pb)-2223 superconductor was investigated. The transition temperature ( T c−onset ), zero electrical resistance temperature ( T c− R =0 ), and J c of the samples were measured by the four-probe method. Phase formation, structure, and microstructure of samples were investigated. The distribution of nanoparticle size was determined. The results indicated that the PbO–CdO-added samples showed larger grain size and an increased volume fraction of high- T c phase (Bi-2223) compared to the non-added sample. A slight increase in T c− R =0 of x  = 0.15 wt% was observed. J c of the PbO–CdO nanocomposite-added samples was significantly higher than for the non-added sample. That could be explained by the possibility that the PbO–CdO nanocomposite acts as an effective flux pinning center in (Bi,Pb)-2223. At 77 K, J c of x  = 0.15 wt% added sample was more than 20 times larger than J c of the non-added sample ( x  = 0 wt%). A combined effect of enhanced flux pinning, increased fraction of high- T c phase and improved grain size, which led to increase in the J c of added samples, is discussed.
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    Thema: Technik allgemein , Physik
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  • 9
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    Thin-film encapsulation of organic electronic devices based on vacuum evaporated lithium fluoride as protective buffer layer (2017)
    Springer
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-02-19
    Beschreibung: Encapsulation is indispensable for organic thin-film electronic devices to ensure reliable operation and long-term stability. For thin-film encapsulating organic electronic devices, insulating polymers and inorganic metal oxides thin films are widely used. However, spin-coating of insulating polymers directly on organic electronic devices may destroy or introduce unwanted impurities in the underlying organic active layers. And also, sputtering of inorganic metal oxides may damage the underlying organic semiconductors. Here, we demonstrated that by utilizing vacuum evaporated lithium fluoride (LiF) as protective buffer layer, spin-coated insulating polymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and sputtered inorganic material Er 2 O 3 , can be successfully applied for thin film encapsulation of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)-based organic diodes. By encapsulating with LiF/PVA/LiF trilayer and LiF/Er 2 O 3 bilayer films, the device lifetime improvements of ~10 and 15 times can be achieved. These methods should be applicable for thin-film encapsulation of all kinds of organic electronic devices. Moisture-induced hole trapping, and Al top electrode oxidation are suggest to be the origins of current decay for the LiF/PVA/LiF trilayer and LiF/Er 2 O 3 bilayer films encapsulated devices, respectively.
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  • 10
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    Investigation on Zr-, Hf-, and Ta-doped submicrometric beads for DSSC photoanodes (2017)
    Springer
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    Publikationsdatum: 2017-02-19
    Beschreibung: This paper investigates the effect of Zr, Hf, and Ta doping on the performances of Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with photoanodes comprising mesoporous hierarchical anatase spheres. Morphology, structure, and optical properties of doped and undoped materials were examined by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy, and materials’ characteristics were related to DSSC fundamental photovoltaic parameters by polarization curves (under illumination and dark conditions) and external quantum efficiency measurements. Photoanodes’ charge transport and recombination properties were investigated by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. Although doping were carried out by inserting a small amount (from 0.1 to 0.3 at %) of homo and aliovalent and electron-rich (with respect to Ti 4+ ) cation, energy conversion efficiency turned out to be lower than pure anatase photoanodes. Electron-impurity scattering phenomena in conjunction with reduced specific surface area caused by the increased bulk free energy are believed to account for the efficiency drop. However, a small beneficial effect introduced by doping on the trap-mediated recombination mechanisms has been identified.
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