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  • Artikel  (3.421)
  • Oxford University Press  (3.421)
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  • Oxford University Press  (3.421)
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  • Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft  (3.421)
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  • 1
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    Subscription Page (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-22
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-8276
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Towards an Understanding of The Performance of Ambient Tax Mechanisms in The Field:Evidence from Upstate New York Dairy Farmers (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-22
    Beschreibung: Using a design characterized by heterogeneous firms and stochastic ambient pollution, this study explores how results from ambient tax experiments with student subjects translate to a richer field context with dairy farmers in Upstate New York. Results suggest that the ambient tax induces group-level compliance among students and farmers. However, relative to students, farmers operating "small" firms pollute less and farmers operating "large" firms tend to pollute more. Deviations from theory among farmers are tied to beliefs about the impacts of farming on water pollution, as well as knowledge of neighbors’ pollution. This study highlights the importance of framed field experiments in the policy test-bedding process.
    Schlagwort(e): C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior, C92 - Laboratory, Group Behavior, H23 - Externalities ; Redistributive Effects ; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies, Q52 - Pollution Control Costs ; Distributional Effects ; Employment Effects, Q53 - Air Pollution ; Water Pollution ; Noise ; Hazardous Waste ; Solid Waste ; Recycling, Q58 - Government Policy
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-8276
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    The Benefits of Spatially Differentiated Regulation: The Response to Acid Rain by U.S. States Prior to the Acid Rain Program (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-22
    Beschreibung: Location is a crucial driver of both the marginal abatement and damage costs of sulfur dioxide emissions by U.S. coal-fired power plants. Before the start of the Acid Rain Program in 1995, old boilers were subject to emission rate standards set by individual states. We investigate how individual states adjusted their sulfur regulation laws in response to acid rain, and whether they accounted for differences in marginal abatement costs, vulnerability to agricultural damages, special industry interests, or inter-state externalities. The welfare gain compared to a uniform reduction in emission rate standards is estimated to be $21 million (in 1995 dollars) annually.
    Schlagwort(e): H77 - Intergovernmental Relations ; Federalism ; Secession, Q53 - Air Pollution ; Water Pollution ; Noise ; Hazardous Waste ; Solid Waste ; Recycling, Q58 - Government Policy, R50 - General
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-8276
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
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    Cooperation against theft: A test of incentives for water management In Tunisia (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-22
    Beschreibung: Water theft carried out by manipulating water meters constrains volumetric pricing in semi-arid regions. Cooperative management can reduce theft and improve incentives for efficient water use by inducing peer monitoring. Using a theoretical model, we show that theft is more likely when prices are high, punishments are weak, and cooperatives are large. We also show how cooperative membership and punishment levels are determined endogenously by constraints on monitoring. We test the model on data from Tunisia for the years 2001–2003, relying on instruments that proxy for unobservable monitoring costs. The results confirm that well-designed incentives can reduce theft, and that constraints on monitoring costs affect institutional design.
    Schlagwort(e): D82 - Asymmetric and Private Information, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness, Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure ; Land Reform ; Land Use ; Irrigation, Q25 - Water
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-8276
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    When are Private Standards more Stringent than Public Standards? (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-22
    Beschreibung: Retailers’ private standards are increasingly important for addressing consumer concerns about safety, quality, and social and environmental issues. Empirical evidence shows that these private standards are frequently more stringent than their public counterparts. This article develops a political economy model that helps explain this stylized fact. We show that if producers exercise their political power to persuade the government to impose a lower public standard, retailers may apply their market power to install a private standard at a higher level than the public one, depending on several factors.
    Schlagwort(e): D72 - Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior, L15 - Information and Product Quality ; Standardization and Compatibility
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-8276
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
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    Is Timber Insurable? A Study of Wildfire Risks in the U.S. Forest Sector Using Spatio-Temporal Models (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-22
    Beschreibung: In the U.S. forest products industry, wildfire is one of the leading causes of damage and economic losses. While individual wildfire behavior is well studied, new literature is emerging on broad-scale (e.g., county-level) wildfire risks. Our paper studies wildfire risks using crucial informational variables across both spatial units and time periods. Several statistical models are used to quantify the risks. We develop several maximum likelihood estimation methods to account for spatio-temporal auto-correlation in conditional risks. A group index insurance scheme is proposed, and its associated actuarially fair premium rates are estimated and presented. Implications for wildfire management policies are also discussed.
    Schlagwort(e): G22 - Insurance ; Insurance Companies, Q23 - Forestry
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-8276
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
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    Spatial Pattern of Yield Distributions: Implications for Crop Insurance (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-22
    Beschreibung: Crop insurance is similar to flood and hurricane insurance in that spatially correlated weather tends to cause violations of the independence assumption. Ideally, one would seek to pool uncorrelated risk drawn from the same distribution in crop insurance. This article proposes a testing procedure for the cross-sectional pooling of group units, and empirically analyzes whether the proposed test improves out-of-sample rating performance. We utilize a balanced panel of U.S. county-level corn yields for 510 counties, and the results of an out-of-sample crop insurance rating performance exercise provide economic significance to the proposed pooling methodology and results.
    Schlagwort(e): C12 - Hypothesis Testing, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-8276
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    Cover Page (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-22
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-8276
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
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    Input Subsidies, Cash Constraints, and Timing of Input Supply (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-22
    Beschreibung: Is low input use by poor, smallholder farmers caused by time-inconsistent behavior or by limited ability to buy inputs? Are input subsidies the best solution to stimulate input demand or are there smarter solutions? These issues are investigated by combining survey data, stated preference questions, and randomized experiments in Malawi. The demand for fertilizer at harvest time and at planting time, farm gate shadow prices for fertilizer, and the gap between the willingness-to-accept (WTA) and willingness-to-pay (WTP) prices for a standard input package were investigated. Significant effects of timing and of cash constraints were found, suggesting the possibility that smarter designs exist, such as distribution of smaller packages from harvest time to planting time.
    Schlagwort(e): Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-8276
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
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    A Regional Bio-economic Model of Nitrogen Use in Cropping (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-01-22
    Beschreibung: We develop a programming model of crop production to predict the effects of environmental policies on agriculture and the environment. The model is calibrated against acreages, yields, and exogenous supply elasticities following positive mathematical programming. In addition, crop production functions are calibrated to yield elasticities with respect to nitrogen and irrigation obtained from a biogeochemical model. We study the effects of a nitrogen tax in Yolo County, California, intended to mitigate nitrogen pollution from field crops. The behavioral and environmental responses to the tax are largely due to intensive margin adjustments. Sizable reductions in nitrate leaching are achieved at a low social cost.
    Schlagwort(e): C60 - General, Q10 - General, Q50 - General
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-8276
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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