ALBERT

Beschreibung: Although head-mounted displays (HMDs) are ideal devices for personal viewing of immersive stereoscopic content, exposure to VR applications on them results in significant discomfort for the majority of people, with symptoms including eye fatigue, headaches, nausea, and sweating. A conflict between accommodation and vergence depth cues on stereoscopic displays is a significant cause of visual discomfort. This article describes the results of an evaluation used to judge the effectiveness of dynamic depth-of-field (DoF) blur in an effort to reduce discomfort caused by exposure to stereoscopic content on HMDs. Using a commercial game engine implementation, study participants report a reduction of visual discomfort on a simulator sickness questionnaire when DoF blurring is enabled. The study participants reported a decrease in symptom severity caused by HMD exposure, indicating that dynamic DoF can effectively reduce visual discomfort.

Beschreibung: Audra Geras combines a long-term love for the intricate complexities of nature and artistic passion in her biomedical art business. Her clients range from advertising agencies to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. Depicting a bioscape or environment, such as microscopic organisms or synaptic networks that few have seen or imagined, provides tremendous potential for creativity.

Beschreibung: The authors take a closer look at how the visualization community has discussed visual storytelling and present a visual data storytelling process, incorporating steps involved in finding insights (explore data), turning these insights into a narrative (make a story), and communicating this narrative to an audience (tell a story). They also discuss opportunities for future research in visualization as a storytelling medium in the light of this broader process.

Beschreibung: An experimental model animates contiguous computer cartograms by distorting the topological lengths of their edges. Using traffic information for the city of Lisbon, the authors distort a road map to depict traffic velocities. Areas of the city distend when velocities are low and compress when velocities are high. This model is applied to two visualizations: a trajectory visualization of vehicles, creating a temperature map for traffic velocities, and a figurative visualization that portrays Lisbon as a system of pulsing blood vessels. The proposed model can efficiently generate and animate edge-based cartograms with low representation errors.

Beschreibung: Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

Beschreibung: Marker tracking is used in numerous applications. Depending on the context and its constraints, tracking accuracy can be a crucial component of the application. This article first explains that the tracking accuracy depends on the illumination, which is not controlled in most applications. In particular, the authors show how corner detection can shift several pixels when lighting or background context change, even if the camera and the marker are static. Based on cross-ratio invariance, the proposed method helps reestimate the corner extraction so that the marker model's cross ratio corresponds to the one computed from the extracted corners in the image. The authors show on real data that their approach improves tracking accuracy, particularly along the camera depth axis, up to several millimeters, depending on the marker depth.

Beschreibung: Thumb-to-finger tap interaction can be employed to perform eyes-free, discrete, symbolic input in virtual and augmented reality environments. The DigiTap device is worn on the wrist to keep the hand free from any instrumentation so as not to impair tactile sense and dexterity. DigiTap senses the jerk that is caused by a tap and takes an image sequence to detect the tap location. The device can recognize taps at 12 different locations on the fingers, and at some positions, it can even distinguish between different tap strengths. The authors conducted an extended user study to evaluate users' abilities to interact with the device and perform symbolic input.

Beschreibung: Shape articulation transforms a lifeless geometric object into a vibrant character. Computers enrich artists' toolsets dramatically. They not only endow artists with the power to manipulate virtual 2D and 3D scenes, but they also eliminate tedium and expedite prototyping, freeing artists to focus on creative aspects. With such power comes a temptation to lean entirely on the computer. Computationally intensive animation systems sacrifice real-time feedback for physical accuracy. How can we leverage modern computational power to create the best possible shape deformations while maintaining real-time performance as a mandatory invariant? This article summarizes efforts to answer this, culminating in a deformation system with the quality of slow, nonlinear optimization, but at lightning speed.

Beschreibung: In undergraduate practical courses, it is common to work with groups of 100 or more students. These large-scale courses bring their own challenges. For example, course problems are too small and lack "the big picture"; grading becomes burdensome and repetitive for the teaching staff; and it is difficult to detect cheating. Based on their experience with a traditional large-scale practical course in image processing, the authors developed a novel course approach to teaching "Introduction to Digital Image Processing" (or EDBV, from the German course title Einführung in die Digitale Bild-Verarbeitung) for all undergraduate students of media informatics and visual computing and medical informatics at the TU Wien.

Beschreibung: Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

Beschreibung: Usability evaluations are important to improving handheld augmented reality (HAR) systems. However, no standard questionnaire considers perceptual and ergonomic issues found in HAR. The authors performed a systematic literature review to enumerate these issues. Based on these issues, they created a HAR usability scale that consists of comprehensibility and manipulability scales. These scales measure general system usability, ease of understanding the information presented, and ease of handling the device. The questionnaires' validity and reliability were evaluated in four experiments, and the results show that the questionnaires consistently correlate with other subjective and objective measures of usability. The questionnaires also have good reliability based on the Cronbach's alpha. Researchers and professionals can directly use these questionnaires to evaluate their own HAR applications or modify them with the insights presented in this article.

Beschreibung: Shape displays are an emerging class of devices that emphasize actuation to enable rich physical interaction, complementing concepts in virtual and augmented reality. The ability to render form introduces new opportunities to touch, grasp, and manipulate dynamic physical content and tangible objects, in both nearby and remote environments. This article presents novel hardware, interaction techniques, and applications, which point to the potential for extending the ways that we traditionally interact with the physical world, empowered by digital computation.

Beschreibung: Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

Beschreibung: This article features some of the latest advances and applications in computer graphics technology.

Beschreibung: This article describes a simple course exercise to deepen the understanding of real-time shadow mapping algorithms. The exercise takes less than 10 minutes to perform during lecture time, leads to a profounder understanding of the topic, and serves as a basis for further discussions of improvements for the shadow mapping algorithm. Using this exercise, the authors noticed an increase in implementing shadow algorithms for later real-time graphics projects.

Beschreibung: Having begun her artistic career using brushes, canvases, tubes of paint, and all the proprietary components of those disciplines, May/June 2015 CG&A artist Aurelia Zack spent 14 years managing a commercial graphics and exhibits studio. Now working full time as a digital artist on her own, she enjoys exploring duotone imagery and abstract representations made possible by software programs and rendering techniques.

Beschreibung: Detection of outliers and anomalous behavior is a well-known problem in the data mining and statistics fields. Although the problem of identifying single outliers has been extensively studied in the literature, little effort has been devoted to detecting small groups of outliers that are similar to each other but markedly different from the entire population. Many real-world scenarios have small groups of outliers--for example, a group of students who excel in a classroom or a group of spammers in an online social network. In this article, the authors propose a novel method to solve this challenging problem that lies at the frontiers of outlier detection and clustering of similar groups. The method transforms a multidimensional dataset into a graph, applies a network metric to detect clusters, and renders a representation for visual assessment to find rare events. The authors tested the proposed method to detect pathologic cells in the biomedical science domain. The results are promising and confirm the available ground truth provided by the domain experts.

Beschreibung: A robotic system can be considered a computer with the capacity to interact with the real world using sensors and actuators. This article reports on the authors' experiences in developing novel user interfaces for robotic systems, especially in the home environment. High-level control methods that use gestural or speech commands are overly ambiguous or excessively detailed for daily use. The proposed approach is to apply techniques developed in the human-computer interaction field, such as augmented reality and tangible user interfaces, to human-robot interaction. The authors introduce prototype systems such as home appliance control methods using augmented reality, a paper-based method for instructing mobile robots, and various I/O devices to enhance physical interaction with robotic systems. They then discuss lessons learned and directions for future research based on their experiences building these prototype robotic systems and interfaces.

Beschreibung: Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

Beschreibung: Presents the back cover of this issue of the periodical.

Beschreibung: Nonmilitary applications of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs), especially as rescue vehicles to obtain information have increased in recent years. Small UAVs (SUAV) were used in nonmilitary projects, where the focus was on autonomous vehicles; however, microaerial vehicles (MAVs), such as Samarai, make use of radio control, and they were not autonomous vehicles [1]. Autonomous UAVs need sophisticated guidance, control, and navigation systems with conventional aircraft flying processes. Most of current UAVs use ground-station commands for guidance purposes, although autonomous UAVs tend to reduce dependency on ground-station command via autonomous algorithms, such as intelligent methods. Therefore, ground-based air control may not suffice to cover every flying mission. Thus, self-contained, onboard guidance via intelligent methods, such as fuzzy logic, has been considered to achieve this goal. Lockheed Martin???s Intelligent Robotics Laboratory has spent the last 5 years developing an unmanned craft to replicate the air vehicle motion. The idea was based on the motion of maple seed, which whirls softly to the ground after dropping from maple tree. This motion, which is similar to a one-winged helicopter, inspired Lockheed Martin to design a new type of flying vehicles, beneficial in military and nonmilitary surveillance. Maple seeds disperse themselves by auto-rotating passively by using a single wing as they descend from trees, thereby ensuring they are widely scattered. Inspired by these flight concepts, Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratories developed the Samarai MAV, a 30-cm-radius maple seedlike aircraft that can take off and land vertically and fly laterally, like a helicopter, due to the intrinsic stability of the maple seeds??? nature [2] (Figure 1).

Beschreibung: Presents the message from the Associate Editor-in-Chief.

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Beschreibung: Presents the front cover for this issue of the publication.

Beschreibung: Lists upcoming AESS society meetings and conferences.

Beschreibung: Advertisement.

Beschreibung: Presents letters to the editor for this issue of the publication.

Beschreibung: Presents a listing of AESS IEEE Senior Members.

Beschreibung: Presents information on the guidelines for the 2016 Robert T. Hill best dissertation award.

Beschreibung: A global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver processes signals transmitted from the satellites to determine user position, velocity, and time. Compared to conventional receivers, a software GNSS receiver offers better design flexibility and requires fewer dedicated hardware components [1]. An ideal software receiver typically processes all signals in a processor; however, this method is not efficient practically, because it becomes a computational burden for the processor. For this reason, frequent multiplications and operations are offloaded to hardware elements such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA).

Beschreibung: Advertisement, IEEE.

Beschreibung: Presents the 2015 author/subject index for this publication.

Beschreibung: Currently, the diverse engineering disciplines involved in a complex product, for example unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) development, work in isolation without the benefits of accelerated delivery of capabilities more reliable and affordable. Considering the vehicle as a system requires the integration of engineering disciplines, such as mechanical, electrical, control, avionics, and software with potentially disparate design artifacts. This integration allows risk containment by improving the confidence in the system design at earlier stages of the system development.

Beschreibung: In recent years, the design of so-called tunable detectors has raised significant interest in the radar community. The class of tunable detectors has been shown to be an effective means to attack detection of mainlobe targets or rejection of coherent repeater interferers in the presence of clutter and/or possible noise-like in-terferers. Tunable detectors allow adjustment of the rate at which the probability of detection Pd decreases as the received signal departs from the nominal one. In this case, a mismatch between the nominal and the actual steering vector is present. We refer to the capability of rejecting or detecting signals as directivity. Existing architectures can be classified according to their directivity as follows [1]: ▸ Robust decision schemes provide good detection performance in the presence of echoes containing signal components not aligned with the nominal (transmitted) signal (as shown in Figure 1, where target returns lie on a direction that is not aligned with the antenna beam boresight). ▸ Selective decision schemes are capable of rejecting signals whose signature is unlikely to correspond to the signal of interest to avoid false alarms.

Beschreibung: Small satellites are revolutionizing the space industry [1]. In particular, nanosatellites are very attractive because they enable access to space with a significant reduction of costs for satellite industries, and a shorter development time with respect to large satellites [2], [3]. Moreover, thanks to modern technologies, relatively complex missions can be planned for Earth observation [4], remote sensing [5], communication technology experiments [6], hardware validation and other scientific missions, as well as educational purposes [7]-[10].

Beschreibung: Cost estimation is a critical issue in the planning of a large project and may prove to be a vital determinant of final success. Despite its great importance, predicting the cost of developing complex high-technology systems and products, based a good deal on research and development, is difficult and carries a degree of uncertainty in the results. The difficulty of the process has been especially evident in projects for which there was little prior experience. Estimating satellite development costs has been just such an endeavor, in which history shows cost overruns are not uncommon [1].

Beschreibung: Whenever a tried-and-true classic beloved by many is revised by a team of authors rather than the original author, the first question that one tends to want answered is, “Have they ruined it?” In this case, the answer is a definitive no. This is a magnificent revision of a classic that will become a classic in its own right. It is the first book new employees who are going to specialize in radar should be handed to read, independent of any area they choose to specialize in. For more senior radar specialists, it is a quick refresher at the high level of the familiar, so specialists can visit a subject area in preparation for an elevator speech or a talk with a manager who has not specialized in radar. Radar is such a broad area of specialization that one cannot be familiar with all aspects of it, particularly as the number of subfields within radar has exploded in the last 20 years. At the elementary level of a non-calculus-based college physics course, Stimsons Introduction to Airborne Radar provides an alternative for first reads of most of the new subfields that have appeared since the previous edition. The graphics in the new edition take advantage of modern developments, so they are much improved. For one who has grown up in a southern household, where recipes have based passed down for generations, the family recipes “smell,” wafting through the kitchen as generations succeed one another. The modern southern kitchen provides the comfort of the old and familiar, with fusion of new species as new traditions are added. The new edition of this book maintains the smell of the old and Stimson's familiar writing style while reflecting the needed fusion with the latest generation's contributions. One wishes other revisions of classic books had been handled with such loving care.

Beschreibung: During the course of a space mission unexpected events can occur regardless of rigorous testing. In order to ensure the ability of a spacecraft to recover and adapt to new situations, it may be necessary to update the firmware for resolving the software issues, work around hardware problems, or introduce new features. The importance of remote firmware updates as well as a method to calculate an indicative value of flexibility in space missions is summarized by R. Nilchiani [1].

Beschreibung: For the 9th time the international conference “Inertial Sensors and Systems” took place in Karlsruhe, Germany, organized by the Institute of Systems Optimization (ITE) together with the German Institute of Navigation (DGON), cosponsored by the Royal Institute of Navigation (RIN) and by the IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society (AESS).

Beschreibung: The characteristics of a landing landmark are a key concern when an autonomous, vision-based unmanned helicopter is landing. The shape and recognition of the landmark determines the posture parameters of the unmanned helicopter and the accuracy of its autonomous landing. This article analyzes and summarizes the shapes and the detection methods of various landmarks used for autonomous landing of helicopters, as well as their relationship to the posture parameters. The characteristics of different landing landmarks are obtained, and then the development of autonomous landing landmarks is analyzed. Finally, this article offers some directions for the future research of autonomous, vision-based landing of unmanned helicopters.

Beschreibung: Although splines have been in popular use in CAD for more than half a century, spline research is still an active field, driven by the challenges we are facing today within isogeometric analysis and big data. Splines are likely to play a vital future role in enabling effective big data exploration techniques in 3D, 4D, and beyond.

Beschreibung: Alvaro Ocampo traversed many landscapes to arrive at his current space in the digital art landscape. Eventually, the artist then made his way to the digital world, where he is no longer subjected to the tyranny of the one-off. He believes digital art is the new version of traditional etching in the way that it eliminates the idea of the one original piece of art.

Beschreibung: Just as notebook computers once freed us to take our computers with us, smartphones freed us to walk around with computers in our pockets, and wearables will soon free us from needing to hold a screen at all. Today, as high-quality virtual and augmented reality begins to become available at consumer prices, the "screen" will soon be all around us. But the largest long-term impact here may not merely be one of form factor, but rather one of language itself. Once wearables become small enough, cheap enough, and therefore ubiquitous enough to be accepted as part of our everyday reality, our use of language will evolve in important ways.

Beschreibung: Volcanic eruptions are not only hazardous in the direct vicinity of a volcano, but they also affect the climate and air travel for great distances. This article sheds light on the Grímsvötn, Puyehue-Cordón Caulle, and Nabro eruptions in 2011. The authors study the agreement of the complementary satellite data, reconstruct sulfate aerosol and volcanic ash clouds, visualize endangered flight routes, minimize occlusion in particle trajectory visualizations, and focus on the main pathways of Nabro's sulfate aerosol into the stratosphere. The results here were developed for the 2014 IEEE Scientific Visualization Contest, which centers around the fusion of multiple satellite data modalities to reconstruct and assess the movement of volcanic ash and sulfate aerosol emissions. Using data from three volcanic eruptions that occurred in the span of approximately three weeks, the authors study the agreement of the complementary satellite data, reconstruct sulfate aerosol and volcanic ash clouds, visualize endangered flight routes, minimize occlusion in particle trajectory visualizations, and focus on the main pathways of sulfate aerosol into the stratosphere. This video provides animations of the reconstructed ash clouds. https://youtu.be/D9DvJ5AvZAs.

Beschreibung: The healthcare industry's widespread digitization efforts are reshaping one of the largest sectors of the world's economy. This transformation is enabling systems that promise to use ever-improving data-driven evidence to help doctors make more precise diagnoses, institutions identify at risk patients for intervention, clinicians develop more personalized treatment plans, and researchers better understand medical outcomes within complex patient populations. Given the scale and complexity of the data required to achieve these goals, advanced data visualization tools have the potential to play a critical role. This article reviews a number of visualization challenges unique to the healthcare discipline.

Beschreibung: The rapid growth in the use of software in airborne systems and equipment in the early 1980s resulted in a need for industry-accepted guidance for satisfying airworthiness requirements [1]. To assure the reliability of the software and to ultimately ensure the safety of passengers, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has imposed software certifcation suited to the development of safety-critical systems. The FAA has accepted guidelines developed by the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) that respond to the necessity of reliability and safety, which are vital in this feld: DO-178B/EUROCAE ED-12B (DO-178B), titled Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certifcation [1]. DO-178B prescribes design assurance guidance for airborne software. The aim of DO-178B is to assure that software developed for avionics systems is reliable and safe to use in fight [2].

Beschreibung: Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

Beschreibung: Over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) systems, or skywave propagation systems, use the high frequency (HF) band (3 to 30 MHz) to ???bounce??? or ???refract??? a signal off the ionosphere to detect tracks of interest (TOIs) between 500 and 2000 nautical miles from the transmitter/receiver pair. This range is ???an order of magnitude greater than is possible with conventional line-of-sight radars??? [1]. Since their initial employment, OTHR systems have significantly improved in abilities to detect and track TOIs such as aircraft, ballistic and cruise missiles, and ships [2].

Beschreibung: As discussed in Partitioning in Avionics Architectures: Requirements, Mechanisms, and Assurance by Rush by, J. [1], integrated modular avionics (IMA) is an embedded version of a centralized time-shared ???mainframe,??? which provides the hosted applications with the common computing resources and the airborne data network. The features of various IMA systems can be summarized in the following points: 1. high performance shared common computing resources 2. high speed communication network 3. open architecture for both software and hardware.

Beschreibung: The ionosphere consists of plasma trapped by Earth's magnetic feld. The plasma consists of heterogeneous structures, which are susceptible to perturbation caused by solar winds. Radio waves passing through the ionosphere experience scintillation due to irregularities in the plasma. This is a problem for satellite-based systems used for communication and navigation because the signals received by ground-based terminals experience reduced signal quality. This effect is greater around the Equator and near the polar cusps. During periods with high solar activity it can cause satellite communication outage. To understand radio wave disturbance in the ionosphere and develop more accurate space weather models, one must measure and quantify the plasma structures and perturbation by using in-situ instruments.

Beschreibung: Presents a call for nominations for the IEEE AESS Judith A. Resnik space award.

Beschreibung: Metamaterial (MTM) is an artificial composite material for which we can change its electromagnetic properties [1]. The equivalent circuit approach of MTM was developed by Caloz and Itoh [2] and Sanada et al. [3], and this approach has led to the concept of composite right- and left-handed (CRLH) materials. This concept fully takes into account the parasitic right-handed (RH) effects, which is unavoidable in a practical application. The zeroth-order resonator (ZOR) has the mode number zero, and its resonator length is invariant of its wavelength. Sanada et al. [3] first proposed MTM-ZOR and realized it in microstrip configuration. Using the MTM-ZOR technique, several researchers [4]???[8] have designed band pass filters (BPFs) in different frequency bands.

Beschreibung: The use of deception in warfare is as old as warfare itself; we have only to recall the story of the siege of Troy and the wooden horse. It is now more than 70 years since the D-day landings on 6 June 1944. Their success was, in no small measure, due to an elaborate set of deception operations at both strategic and tactical levels. As the German commander von Rundstedt reported the day before the landings The anticipated front line point of attack is still somewhere between the Scheldt [in the Netherlands] and Normandy but ??????where within this area the enemy will attempt a landing is still problematic???, and further: ???That the invasion is imminent does not seem to be indicated as yet.??? [1]

Beschreibung: For the most part, light aircraft such as unmanned aerial vehicles and trainer aircraft use piston aviation engines that run on aviation gasoline. Tetraethyllead is always added in aviation gasoline to increase octane and prevent the knock characteristic of gasoline engines, however, the discharge of leaded fuels pollutes the environment seriously, and aviation gasoline is scarce and expensive [1], [2]. Motor vehicle gasoline has been adopted by aviation gasoline engines with the help of technological improvement, but this has a potential safety hazard in high altitude fight, which can also be posed by the very low flash point of motor vehicle gasoline and an easily frozen inlet pipe at high altitude. Employing kerosene or diesel oil as the fuel for piston aviation engines has great significance for military and general aviation; therefore developing piston aviation diesel engines has aroused discussions between countries in recent years [3].

Beschreibung: Presents a call for nominations for the Fred Nathanson Memorial Award.

Beschreibung: Pictured on the front cover for this issue of the publication is Maria Elettra Marconi Giovannelli, Princess and daughter of Guglielmo Marconi.

Beschreibung: Presents information on AESS meetings and conferences.

Beschreibung: The theory of general relativity, published by Einstein in 1916 [1], finds its application not only in the astronomical sector dealing with black holes and gravitational waves, but plays a pivotal role in a multibillion dollar growth industry established around the Global Positioning System (GPS). According to Einstein, time passes for the system of 24 satellites orbiting in an altitude around 20,000 km 38 ms per day faster than on the ground. Even though 38 ms seems to be a small number, the error in navigation would accumulate within a day up to 10 km [2]. Moreover, GR is a crucial component in the search of a theory that unifies all forces. Therefore it is a valuable scientific goal to experimentally verify it to a greater extent of accuracy.

Beschreibung: Presents a call for nominations for the Harry Rowe Mimno Award.

Beschreibung: Provides a listing of board members, committee members and society officers.

Beschreibung: Virtual environments can contribute to the effective learning of various subjects for people of all ages. Consequently, they assist in reducing the cost of maintaining physical structures of teaching, such as laboratories and classrooms. However, the measurement of how learners acquire knowledge in such environments is still incipient in the literature. This article presents a method to evaluate the knowledge acquisition in 3D virtual learning environments (3D VLEs) by using the learner's interactions in the VLE. Three experiments were conducted that demonstrate the viability of using this method and its computational implementation. The results suggest that it is possible to automatically assess learning in predetermined contexts and that some types of user interactions in 3D VLEs are correlated with the user's learning differential.

Beschreibung: Optical see-through head-mounted displays enable augmented reality (AR) applications that display virtual objects overlaid on the real world. At the core of this new generation of devices are low-cost tracking technologies that allow us to interpret users' motion in the real world in relation to the virtual content for the purposes of navigation and interaction. The advantages of pervasive tracking come at the cost of limiting interaction possibilities, however. To address these challenges the authors introduce GyroWand, a raycasting technique for AR HMDs using inertial measurement unit (IMU) rotational data from a handheld controller.

Beschreibung: Advertisement, IEEE.

Beschreibung: In underwater environments, the scattering and absorption phenomena affect the propagation of light, degrading the quality of captured images. In this work, the authors present a method based on a physical model of light propagation that takes into account the most significant effects to image degradation: absorption, scattering, and backscattering. The proposed method uses statistical priors to restore the visual quality of the images acquired in typical underwater scenarios.

Beschreibung: Public concern surrounding the effects video games have on players has inspired a large body of research, and policy makers in China and South Korea have even mandated systems that limit the amount of time players spend in game. The authors present an experiment that evaluates the effectiveness of such policies. They show that forcibly removing players from the game environment causes distress, potentially removing some of the benefits that games provide and producing a desire for more game time. They also show that, with an understanding of player psychology, playtime can be manipulated without significantly changing the user experience or negating the positive effects of video games.

Beschreibung: Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.