ALBERT

Description:    The effect of NaOH content of electrolyte on the properties of ceramic coatings, produced in silicate solution, was studied. Morphology, chemical analysis, phase composition, and cross-section of the ceramic coatings were investigated by SEM, EDS, XRD, and OM, respectively. The corrosion resistance and corrosion mechanism were also studied using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a 3.5% NaCl solution. To study the surface roughness, a brightness SEM image analysis method was used. Results suggested that increasing the NaOH concentration of sediment production size causes thickness and coating roughness to decrease. The lowest corrosion rate belonged to the twofold layer coating produced in 10 g/L of NaOH. Other samples, with higher concentrations of NaOH, had reduced porosity, and thus an increase in the corrosion resistance was observed. These coatings mainly consisted of α/γ-Al 2 O 3 and amorphous silica. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-8 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0151-1 Authors D. Salehi Doolabi, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76175-133, Islamic Republic Blvd., Kerman, Iran M. Ehteshamzadeh, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, P.O. Box 76175-133, Islamic Republic Blvd., Kerman, Iran S. M. M. Mirhosseini, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    In this study, the electric resistance spot welding process was applied to zinc-coated steel sheets used in automotive industry. Spot welding parameters namely, electrode form, electrode material, and electrode force were stayed constant, and welding current and welding time have been changed to detect the optimum welding parameters for maximum joint strength. Using 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 kA welding currents and 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 cycles welding times 1.0-1.0 mm sheets were spot welded to prepare samples. These spot-welded joints were then exposed to uniaxial tensile test, and tensile-shear and tensile-peel forces prior to breaking were determined. In addition, microstructures were detected by SEM and micro-hardness was measured from different regions of resistance spot-welded samples and recommendations showing the optimum welding parameters were given to users. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-8 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0189-0 Authors Ugur Ozsarac, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Technology Faculty, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Strain aging and hardening behaviors of a 304 stainless steel containing deformation-induced martensite were investigated by examining mechanical properties and microstructural evolution for different aging temperature and time. Introduced age hardening mechanisms of a cold rolled 304 stainless steel were the additional formation of α′-martensite, hardening of α′-martensite, and hardening of deformed austenite. The increased amount of α′-martensite at an aging temperature of 450 °C confirmed the additional formation of α′-martensite as a hardening mechanism in a cold rolled 304 stainless steel. Additionally, the increased hardness in both α′-martensite and austenite phases with aging temperature proved that hardening of both α′-martensite and austenite phases would be effective as hardening mechanisms in cold rolled and aged 304 stainless steels. The results suggested that among hardening mechanisms, hardening of an α′-martensite phase, including the diffusion of interstitial solute carbon atoms to dislocations and the precipitation of fine carbide particles would become a major hardening mechanism during aging of cold rolled 304 stainless steels. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-6 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0186-3 Authors S. W. Jeong, School of Advanced Material Engineering, Kookmin University, 861-1 Jeongneung-Dong, Songbuk-Ku, Seoul, 136-702 Republic of Korea U. G. Kang, School of Advanced Material Engineering, Kookmin University, 861-1 Jeongneung-Dong, Songbuk-Ku, Seoul, 136-702 Republic of Korea J. Y. Choi, Stainless Steel Research Group, POSCO Technical Research Laboratories, POSCO, P.O. Box 36, Pohang, 790-785 Republic of Korea W. J. Nam, School of Advanced Material Engineering, Kookmin University, 861-1 Jeongneung-Dong, Songbuk-Ku, Seoul, 136-702 Republic of Korea Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    This study investigates the microstructure, electrical, corrosion, and mechanical properties of plate-shaped aluminum-copper couple produced using the explosive welding method. Mechanical tests, including hardness, tensile, tensile-shear, and impact test, concluded that the Al-Cu bimetal had an acceptable joint resistance. In this study, local intermetallic regions formed on the interface of the joint of the aluminum-copper bimetal, produced using the explosive welding technique. However, the formed intermetallic regions had no significant effect on the mechanical properties of the joint, except for increasing its hardness. According to electrical conductivity tests, the Al-Cu bimetal had an average electrical conductivity in comparison to the electrical conductivity of aluminum and copper, which were the original materials forming the joint. According to the results of electro-chemical corrosion test, during which galvanic corrosion formed, the Al side of the Al-Cu bimetal was more anodic due to its high electronegativity; as a result, it was exposed to more corrosion in comparison to the copper side. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-5 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0203-6 Authors Mustafa Acarer, Technical Education Faculty, Karabuk University, 78100 Karabuk, Turkey Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Ti and its alloys are widely used in manufacturing orthopedic implants as prostheses for joint replacement because of their high corrosion resistance and excellent biocompatibility. However, they lack in bone-bonding ability and leads to higher rate of osteolysis and subsequent loosening of implants. In order to enhance the bone-bonding ability of these alloys, various surface-modification techniques are generally employed. The present investigation is mainly concerned with the surface modification of Cp-Ti and Ti-5Al-2Nb-1Ta alloy using a mixture of alkali and hydrogen peroxide followed by subsequent heat treatment to produce a porous gel layer with anatase structure, which enhances osseointegration. The morphological behavior was examined by x-ray diffractometer (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX). The in vitro characterization of all the specimens was evaluated by immersing the specimens in simulated body fluid solution to assess the apatite formation over the metal surface. The apatite formation was confirmed by XRD, SEM-EDX, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Further, the electrochemical corrosion behaviors of both the untreated and treated specimens were evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results revealed that the surface-modified and heat-treated specimens exhibited higher corrosion resistance and excellent biocompatibility when compared to the chemical and untreated specimens. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-11 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0143-1 Authors Y. Sasikumar, Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025 India N. Rajendran, Department of Chemistry, Anna University, Chennai, 600 025 India Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    This study investigates the mechanical properties of Al-7Si-0.3Mg (A356) alloy affected by the spinning deformation processing (SDP). The cast structure of the A356 alloy becomes elongated with increasing reduction in thickness. This leads to reduction of casting defects, and refines and distributes the eutectic silicon phase throughout the Al-matrix. The hardness tends to reach a steady value due to the uniformity of the microstructure with the reduction in thickness. The SDP leads to a re-arrangement in the eutectic region, which forces the propagation of cracks through the ductile α-Al phase. The tensile strength and elongation increases accordingly. The improvement on tensile strength and elongation produces the best quality index for A356 alloy. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-6 DOI 10.1007/s11665-011-0089-8 Authors Yin-Chun Cheng, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd., Jhongli City, Taoyuan County 32001, Taiwan, ROC Chih-Kuang Lin, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd., Jhongli City, Taoyuan County 32001, Taiwan, ROC An-Hung Tan, Department of Mechanical Engineering Ching-Yun University, No. 229, Jianxing Rd., Zhongli City, Taoyuan County 32097, Taiwan, ROC Shih-Yuan Hsu, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd., Jhongli City, Taoyuan County 32001, Taiwan, ROC Sheng-Long Lee, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd., Jhongli City, Taoyuan County 32001, Taiwan, ROC Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Alumina ceramic foams have been infiltrated with an Al-10 Mg alloy, by a capillarity-driven process, to create interpenetrating composites. Infiltration maps are presented for three different foam types which depict the temperature and time required for successful infiltration. The Young’s modulus of “fully” infiltrated composites containing approximately 18, 25, and 36 vol.% ceramic were measured and found to be 96, 110, and 124 GPa, respectively. Porosimetry of the foams revealed a significant fraction of closed porosity within the cell walls, the quantity of which increases with foam density, which accounts for the lower density and stiffness values that were measured, compared with those predicted by a simple model. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-7 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0147-x Authors R. Gil, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela A. R. Kennedy, Manufacturing Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    A combination of the transverse tensile test and the unilaterally coupled finite element method was used to evaluate the interfacial normal bond strength and stress distribution of titanium matrix composites (TMCs). In addition, in order to identify the interface shear failure mode of TMCs under transverse loading, both the push-out test and the finite element method have been developed to characterize the interfacial shear strength of TMCs, which is the interfacial shear failure criterion. This article studies the results of the experiments, which suggested that the interfacial normal bond and shear strength of SiC f /Ti-6Al-4V were 300 and 350 MPa, respectively, and the interface failure mode of TMCs under the transverse tensile test was radial failure rather than shear failure. Moreover, the effect of residual stress on the radial stress is also discussed in detail in this article. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-5 DOI 10.1007/s11665-011-0094-y Authors Xu Yanfang, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 People’s Republic of China Su Tiexiong, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 People’s Republic of China Yuan Meini, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051 People’s Republic of China Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    In the present work, cladding of hardfacing WC10Co2Ni powder on austenitic stainless steel has been developed through a novel processing technique. The clads were developed using microwave hybrid heating. The clad of average thickness ~2 mm has been developed through the exposure of microwave radiation at frequency 2.45 GHz and power 900 W for the duration of 360 s. The developed clads were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, and measurement of Vicker’s microhardness. The microstructure study of the clad showed good metallurgical bonding with substrate and revealed that clads are free from any visible interface cracking. Clads were formed with partial dilution of a thin layer of the substrate. The cermet microstructure mainly consists of relatively soft metallic matrix phase and uniformly distributed hard carbide phase with skeleton-like structure. The developed clads exhibit an average microhardness of 1064 ± 99 Hv. The porosity of developed clad has been significantly less at approximately 0.89%. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-8 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0142-2 Authors Dheeraj Gupta, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667 India Apurbba Kumar Sharma, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667 India Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    The purpose of this test was to evaluate the effects of calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) and sodium chloride (NaCl)—two common substances used to de-ice roadways—on the corrosion and fatigue behavior of annealed AISI 4140 steel. When CMA-corroded, NaCl-corroded, and as-machined samples were tested using R  = 0.1, and f  = 20 Hz, it was found that, within the scope of this study, samples corroded in both 3.5% CMA solution and 3.5% NaCl solution exhibited a lower fatigue strength than samples tested in the as-machined, uncorroded condition. For the short lives tested in this study, the difference in the effects of CMA and NaCl is minimal. However, at longer lives it is suspected, based on the trends, that the CMA solution would be less detrimental to the fatigue life. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-5 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0167-6 Authors William P. Dean, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA Brittain J. Sanford, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA Matthew R. Wright, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA Jeffrey L. Evans, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    In the present investigation, the correlation of composition-processing-property for TC11 titanium alloy was established using principal component analysis (PCA) and artificial neural network (ANN) based on the experimental datasets obtained from the forging experiments. During the PCA step, the feature vector is extracted by calculating the eigenvalue of correlation coefficient matrix for training dataset, and the dimension of input variables is reduced from 11 to 6 features. Thus, PCA offers an efficient method to characterize the data with a high degree of dimensionality reduction. During the ANN step, the principal components were chosen as the input parameters and the mechanical properties as the output parameters, including the ultimate tensile strength ( \upsigma \text b ), yield strength ( \upsigma 0.2 ), elongation ( \updelta ), and reduction of area (φ). The training of ANN model was conducted using back-propagation learning algorithm. The results clearly present ideal agreement between the predicted value of PCA-ANN model and experimental value, indicating that the established model is a powerful tool to construct the correlation of composition-processing-property for TC11 titanium alloy. More importantly, the integrated method of PCA and ANN is also able to be utilized as the mechanical property prediction for the other alloys. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-7 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0162-y Authors Yu Sun, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072 People’s Republic of China Weidong Zeng, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072 People’s Republic of China Yongqing Zhao, Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi’an, 710016 People’s Republic of China Yitao Shao, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072 People’s Republic of China Yigang Zhou, State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072 People’s Republic of China Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    The forming limit diagram (FLD) is a useful method for characterizing the formability of sheet metals. In this article, different numerical models were used to investigate the FLD of tailor-welded blank (TWB). TWBs were CO 2 laser-welded samples of interstitial-free (IF) steel sheets with difference in thickness. The results of the numerical models were compared with the experimental FLD as well as with the empirical model proposed by the North American Deep Drawing Research Group. The emphasis of this investigation is to determine the performance of these different approaches in predicting the FLD. These numerical models for FLD are: second derivative of thinning (SDT), effective strain rate (ESR), major strain rate (MSR), thickness strain rate (TSR), and thickness gradient (TG). Results of this research show necking will be happened, when the value of MSR, TSR, ESR criteria is maximum, TG ≤ 0.78 and SDT criterion has the first peak in forming process time. The value of dome height of TWB samples at failure was predicted based on the numerical models for samples with different widths. These numerical predictions were compared with the experimental results. The SDT model indicates a better agreement with experimental results in prediction of both the FLD and the limit dome height (LDH) in comparison to the other numerical models. Both numerical and experimental results show that minimum of LDH is happened in plane strain condition. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-9 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0156-9 Authors Rasoul Safdarian Korouyeh, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran Hassan Moslemi Naeini, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran Gholamhosein Liaghat, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    The sublimation of glycyl-L-α-alanine (Gly-Ala), L-α-alanyl-L-α-alanine (Ala-Ala), and DL-α-alanyl-DL-α-valine (Ala-Val) aliphatic dipeptides is studied by electron ionization mass spectrometry in combination with Knudsen effusion. The temperature range in which substances sublime as monomer molecular forms is determined. Enthalpies of sublimation Δ s H °( T ) are determined for Gly-Ala, Ala-Ala, and Ala-Val. It is shown that the enthalpy of sublimation of dipeptides increases with an increase in the side hydrocarbon radical. The unknown Δ s H °(298) values for 17 amino acids and nine dipeptides are estimated using the proposed “structure-property” correlation model, in which the geometry and electron characteristics of molecules are used as structural descriptors. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Surface Phenomena Pages 457-462 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412030065 Authors V. G. Badelin, Institute of Chemistry of Solutions, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo, 153045 Russia E. Yu. Tyunina, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, Ivanovo, 153000 Russia A. V. Krasnov, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, Ivanovo, 153000 Russia V. V. Tyunina, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, Ivanovo, 153000 Russia N. I. Giricheva, Ivanovo State University, Ivanovo, 153025 Russia A. V. Girichev, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, Ivanovo, 153000 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 3

Description:    The acid-base properties of metal acetylacetonates and chromatographic sorbents on the basis of Chromaton N with deposited combined stationary phases from polyethylene glycol (PEG 20M) and nickel(II) and iron(III) acetylacetonates have been investigated by means of pH measurement and Hammett indicator adsorption. The change of the acid-base state of the surface of Chromaton N depending on the nature of a metal of the modifying additive, the complex structure, and the deposition method has been demonstrated. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Surface Phenomena Pages 463-467 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412030272 Authors Yu. G. Slizhov, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia T. N. Matveev, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia T. S. Minakova, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 3

Description:    The properties of the porous polymer Dowex L-285, modified by 5-hydroxy-6-methyluracil, are investigated by means of gas chromatography. It is found that the modification leads to a considerable increase in the sorption activity of the porous polymer with respect to both polar and nonpolar molecules. It is shown that each type of cavities in the supramolecular structure of 5-hydroxy-6-methyluracil contributes to the adsorption and thermodynamic properties of the modified adsorbent. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Separation Processes: Chromatography Pages 475-478 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412030132 Authors V. Yu. Gus’kov, Bashkir State University, Ufa, 450074 Russia S. P. Ivanov, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450054 Russia R. A. Khabibullina, Bashkir State University, Ufa, 450074 Russia R. R. Garafutdinov, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, 450054 Russia F. Kh. Kudasheva, Bashkir State University, Ufa, 450074 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 3

Description:    This article describes attempts to characterize by standardized tests of tile materials used in the construction area the performance-based properties of foamed glass samples with novel glass coatings. New glass coated foam glass (Foamglas ® ) insulating tiles have been tested by several standard tests (UNI Iso, ASTM) to define their suitability for energy saving buildings: impact tests, thermal shock resistance, wear resistance, water absorption, frost resistance, resistance to stains. Except for impact tests, glass coated foam glass (Foamglas ® ) satisfied all the requirements above, resulting to be thermal shock resistant, according to Uni Iso 10545-9 (Al spheres); effective to reduce the pristine Foamglas ® surface water absorption, according to Uni En 1609:1999 and 12087:1999; frost resistant, according to Uni Iso 10545-12 and class 5 towards olive oil, according to Uni Iso 10545-14. Wear tests and hot water corrosion behavior tests have been done on the proposed coating and on a commercial soda-lime glass: the glass coated foam glass resulted to be suitable where corrosion and wear resistance are not a concern. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-9 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0164-9 Authors Andrea Ventrella, Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy Federico Smeacetto, Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy Milena Salvo, Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy Monica Ferraris, Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    In order to produce shape memory rings for constrained-recovery pipe couplings, from Fe-14 Mn-6 Si-9 Cr-5 Ni (mass%) powders, the main technological steps were (i) mechanical alloying, (ii) sintering, (iii) hot rolling, (iv) hot-shape setting, and (v) thermomechanical training. The article generally describes, within its experimental-procedure section, the last four technological steps of this process the primary purpose of which has been to accurately control both chemical composition and the grain size of shape memory rings. Details of the results obtained in the first technological step, on raw powders employed both in an initial commercial state and in a mixture state of commercial and mechanically alloyed (MA) powders, which were subjected to several heating-cooling cycles have been reported and discussed. By means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the thermal behaviors of the two sample powders have been analyzed. The effects of the heating-cooling cycles, on raw commercial powders and on 50% MA powders, respectively, were argued from the point of view of specific temperatures and heat variations, of elemental diffusion after thermal cycling and of crystallographic parameters, determined by DSC, SEM, and XRD, respectively. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-10 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0168-5 Authors B. Pricop, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, The “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University from Iaşi, Bd. D. Mangeron 61A, 700050 Iasi, Romania U. Söyler, Particulate Materials Laboratory, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey N. M. Lohan, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, The “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University from Iaşi, Bd. D. Mangeron 61A, 700050 Iasi, Romania B. Özkal, Particulate Materials Laboratory, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey L. G. Bujoreanu, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, The “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University from Iaşi, Bd. D. Mangeron 61A, 700050 Iasi, Romania D. Chicet, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, The “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University from Iaşi, Bd. D. Mangeron 61-63, 700050 Iasi, Romania C. Munteanu, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, The “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University from Iaşi, Bd. D. Mangeron 61-63, 700050 Iasi, Romania Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Laser cladding of tungsten carbide (WC) on stainless steels 13Cr-4Ni and AISI 304 substrates has been performed using high power diode laser. The cladded stainless steels were characterized for microstructural changes, hardness, solid particle erosion resistance and corrosion behavior. Resistance of the clad to solid particle erosion was evaluated using alumina particles according to ASTM G76 and corrosion behavior was studied by employing the anodic polarization and open circuit potential measurement in 3.5% NaCl solution and tap water. The hardness of laser cladded AISI 304 and 13Cr-4Ni stainless steel was increased up to 815 and 725Hv 100 g , respectively. The erosion resistance of the modified surface was improved significantly such that the erosion rate of cladded AISI 304 (at 114 W/mm 2 ) was observed ~0.74 mg/cm 2 /h as compared to ~1.16 and 0.97 mg/cm 2 /h for untreated AISI 304 and 13Cr-4Ni, respectively. Laser cladding of both the stainless steels, however, reduced the corrosion resistance in both NaCl and tap water. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-9 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0170-y Authors Raghuvir Singh, CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur, 831007 India Mukesh Kumar, CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur, 831007 India Deepak Kumar, CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur, 831007 India Suman K. Mishra, CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur, 831007 India Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Copper-graphite composite is an important tribological material used in electrical sliding contact applications like electrical brushes in motors and generators. The electrical sliding contact experiences multiple stresses such as mechanical pressure and temperature. Traditional life tests under normal operating condition would be a time-consuming process due to the longer expected life of the composite. Accelerated wear testing was carried out to evaluate the life characteristics of the composite. This work focuses on evaluation of tribological performance of microwave-sintered copper-graphite composite using accelerated wear testing methodology using high temperature pin-on-disc tribometer. Microstructural studies of worn out surfaces were carried out using SEM with EDAX. Reliability and analysis on life characteristics were performed on the time-to-failure data using temperature-nonthermal-accelerated life-stress model. The obtained times-to-failure data from the accelerated wear testing was extrapolated to normal usage condition. Temperature and pressure are significantly affecting the wear performance. Self-lubricating action of graphite and improvement in wear resistance is helpful in extending the life of copper graphite composite. The life of the composite obtained through testing at mean and 99% reliability are 18,725 and 16,950 h, respectively. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-9 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0161-z Authors K. Rajkumar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, New Delhi, 110016 India S. Aravindan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, New Delhi, 110016 India M. S. Kulkarni, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi, New Delhi, 110016 India Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    In this research a new idea for prediction of ultimate sizes of bimetallic nanocomposites synthesized in water-in-oil microemulsion system is proposed. In this method, by modifying Tabor Winterton approximation equation, an effective Hamaker constant was introduced. This effective Hamaker constant was applied in the van der Waals attractive interaction energy. The obtained effective van der Waals interaction energy was used as attractive contribution in the total interaction energy. The modified interaction energy was applied successfully to predict some bimetallic nanoparticles, at different mass fraction, synthesized in microemulsion system of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT)/isooctane. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Nanoclusters and Nanomaterials Pages 2014-2017 DOI 10.1134/S003602441213002X Authors Alireza Salabat, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, P. O. Box 38156-8-8349, Arak, Iran Hassan Saydi, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, P. O. Box 38156-8-8349, Arak, Iran Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 13

Description:    Densities, viscosities, refractive indices and ultrasonic velocities of the binary mixtures of acetophenone with ethyl acetate were measured over the entire mole fractions at 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15 K. From the experimental results, excess molar volumes V E , viscosity deviation Δ η , refractive index deviation Δ n D , deviations in isentropic compressibility Δκ s and excess intermolecular free length Δ L f are calculated. The viscosity values were fitted to the models of Krishnan-Laddha and McAllister. The thermophysical properties under study were fit to the Jouyban-Acree model. The excess values were correlated using Redlich-Kister polynomial equation to obtain their coefficients and standard deviations. The data obtained fitted with the values correlated by the corresponding models very well. The results are interpreted in terms of molecular interactions occurring in the solution. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Solutions Pages 1947-1952 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412130195 Authors K. Saravanakumar, Department of Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama University, Chennai, 600119 India R. Baskaran, Department of Chemical Engineering, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, Chennai-119, India T. R. Kubendran, Department of Chemical Engineering, A.C. College of Technology, Anna University, Chennai, 600025 India Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 13

Description:    The solubilities in the KCl-MgCl 2 -H 2 O system were determined at 50 and 75°C and the phase diagrams and the diagram of refractive index vs composition were plotted. Two invariant point, three univariant curves, and three crystallization zones, corresponding to potassium chloride, hexahydrate (MgCl 2 · 6H 2 O) and double salt (KCl · MgCl 2 · 6H 2 O) showed up in the phase diagrams of the ternary system, The mixing parameters θ K, Ca and Ψ K, Ca, Cl and equilibrium constant K sp were evaluated in KCl-MgCl 2 -H 2 O system by least-squares optimization procedure, in which the single-salt Pitzer parameters of KCl and MgCl 2 β (0) , β (1) , β (2) , and C ϕ were directly calculated from the literature. The results obtained were in good agreement with the experimental data. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Solutions Pages 1930-1935 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412130146 Authors Ji-min Yang, School of Chemistry & Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005 China Jing Peng, School of Chemistry & Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005 China Yu-xia Duan, School of Chemistry & Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005 China Chong Tian, School of Chemistry & Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005 China Mei Ping, Experimental Centre, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005 China Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 13

Description:    The insertion reactions of the germylenoid H 2 GeClMgCl with RH (R = F, OH, NH 2 ) have been studied by using the DFT B3LYP and QCISD methods. The geometries of the stationary points on the potential energy surfaces of the reactions were optimized at the B3LYP/6-311+G( d , p ) level of theory. The calculated results indicate that all the mechanisms of the three insertion reactions are identical to each other. The QCISD/6-311++G( d , p )//B3LYP/6-311+G( d , p ) calculated potential energy barriers for the three insertion reactions of R = F, OH, and NH 2 are 164.62, 193.30, and 200.73 kJ mol −1 , and the reaction energies for the three reactions are −57.46, −35.65, and −22.22 kJ mol −1 , respectively. Under the same situation, the insertion reactions should occur easily in the following order H-F 〉 H-OH 〉 H-NH 2 . In THF solvent the insertion reactions get more difficult than in gas phase. Content Type Journal Article Category Structure of Matter and Quantum Chemistry Pages 1969-1973 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412130225 Authors Wen-Zuo Li, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005 P. R. China Yu-Wei Pei, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005 P. R. China Jian-Bo Cheng, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005 P. R. China Qing-Zhong Li, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005 P. R. China Bao-An Gong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005 P. R. China Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 13

Description:    The gas-phase reaction of palladium atom with acetone is investigated using density functional theory. Geometries and energies of the reactants, intermediates, and products involved are calculated. Both ground and excited state potential energy surfaces are investigated in detail. The present results show that the title reaction start with the formation of an η 2 -CH 3 COCH 3 -metal complex, followed by C-O, C-H, and C-C activation. These reactions can lead to four different products (PdO + C 3 H 6 , PdCH 2 COCH 3 + H, PdCH 2 + CH 3 CHO, and PdCOCH 2 + CH 4 ). The present results may be helpful in understanding the mechanism of the title reaction and further experimental investigation of the reaction. Content Type Journal Article Category Structure of Matter and Quantum Chemistry Pages 1982-1990 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412130092 Authors Guo-Liang Dai, School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Linhai, 317000 China Chuan-Feng Wang, School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Linhai, 317000 China Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 13

Description:    In this paper, biomimetic synthesis of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) in the presence of biomolecules of two vegetables-tomato and capsicum is investigated. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffractometry were used to characterize the CaCO 3 obtained. The biomolecules in the extracts of two vegetables are determined by UV-vis or FTIR. The results indicate that a mixture of calcite and vaterite spheres constructed from small particles is produced with the extract of tomato, while aragonite rods or ellipsoids are formed in the presence of extract of capsicum. The possible formation mechanism of the CaCO 3 crystals with tomato biomolecules can be interpreted by particle-aggregation based non-classical crystallization laws. The proteins and/or other biomolecules in tomato and capsicum may control the formation of vaterite and aragonite crystals by adsorbing onto facets of them. Content Type Journal Article Category Biophysical Chemistry Pages 2071-2075 DOI 10.1134/S003602441213016X Authors Long Chen, Department of Chemistry, Huangshan University, Huangshan, 245041 P. R. China Wang-Hua Xu, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anqing Teachers College, Anqing, 246011 P. R. China Ying-Guo Zhao, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anqing Teachers College, Anqing, 246011 P. R. China Yan Kang, Department of Chemistry, Huangshan University, Huangshan, 245041 P. R. China Shao-Hua Liu, Department of Chemistry, Huangshan University, Huangshan, 245041 P. R. China Zai-Yong Zhang, Department of Chemistry, Huangshan University, Huangshan, 245041 P. R. China Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 13

Description:    The Er 3+ :Y 3 Al 5 O 12 , an upconversion luminescence agent, which is able to transform the visible light to ultraviolet light, was synthesized by nitrate-citric acid method. And then, a novel photocatalyst, Er 3+ :Y 3 Al 5 O 12 /ZnO composites, was prepared by ultrasonic dispersing and liquid boil method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the structural morphology and surface properties of the Er 3+ :Y 3 Al 5 O 12 /ZnO. Azo Fuchsine dye was selected as target organic pollutant to inspect the photocatalytic activity of Er 3+ :Y 3 Al 5 O 12 /ZnO. The key parameters affecting the photocatalytic activity of Er 3+ :Y 3 Al 5 O 12 /ZnO, such as Er 3+ :Y 3 Al 5 O 12 content, heat-treatment temperature and heat-treatment time, were studied. In addition, the effects of dye initial concentration, Er 3+ :Y 3 Al 5 O 12 /ZnO amount and solar light irradiation time were also reviewed, as well as the photocatalytic activity in degradation of other organic dyes were compared. It was found that the photocatalytic activity of Er 3+ :Y 3 Al 5 O 12 /ZnO was much superior to pure ZnO under the same conditions. Thus, the Er 3+ :Y 3 Al 5 O 12 /ZnO is a useful photocatalyst for the wastewater treatment because it can efficiently utilize solar light by converting visible light into ultraviolet light. Content Type Journal Article Category Photochemistry and Magnetochemistry Pages 2049-2056 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412130262 Authors L. N. Yin, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China Y. Li, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China J. Wang, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China Y. M. Kong, College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China Y. Zhai, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China B. X. Wang, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China K. Li, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China X. D. Zhang, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 13

Description:    In this work, we report the formation of leaf-like ZnO nanoflakes by anodization of zinc foil in a mixture of ammonium sulfate and sodium hydroxide electrolytes under various applied voltage and concentration of sodium hydroxide. The morphology and structure of ZnO nanoflakes were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. In addition, the photocatalytic activity of the prepared nanoflakes zinc oxide was evaluated in the photodegradation of organic dye methylene blue (MB) solution under UV irradiation. It was found that zinc oxide prepared under high concentration of sodium hydroxide and high voltage showed better performance in the photodegradation of methylene blue. Content Type Journal Article Category Photochemistry and Magnetochemistry Pages 2041-2048 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412130171 Authors Muhammad Akhyar Farrukh, Department of Chemistry, GC University Lahore, Lahore, 54000 Pakistan Chin-Kiat Thong, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia Rohana Adnan, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia Mohd Amirrul Kamarulzaman, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 13

Description:    Cobalt-based alloys of the Stellite family are used as hardfacing for sealing surfaces of valves operating in desalination and power plants because of their excellent low friction and anti-galling properties in high-load sliding contact under the prevailing conditions. However, insufficient control of pressure and temperature during operation can degrade the integrity of the hardfaced material thus leading to its premature failure. This article presents a failure investigation carried out on the disk of a main stop gate valve that was used in a desalination plant. The disk was manufactured from X20 as a substrate material and a cobalt-based alloy for hardfacing. The cobalt-based hardfacing suffered from many surface and subsurface cracks that degraded its integrity. It was concluded that high-pressure steam flowing against the disk had tilted it and, thus, disturbed the alignment between the surfaces of the disk and the seat, leading to wear and large frictional heat that resulted in the degradation of the microstructure of the hardfacing layer and formation of the observed cracks. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-7 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0413-y Authors A. Almazrouee, Manufacturing Engineering Technology Department, College of Technological Studies, PAAET, P.O. Box 42325, 70654 Shuwaikh, Kuwait S. Al-Faheed, Power Plant, Ministry of Electricity and Water, Kuwait City, Kuwait H. M. Shalaby, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    In this work, a high-energy planetary mill was used to modify the chemical stability of indium-bearing zinc ferrite (indium-bearing ZnFe 2 O 4 , IBZF) and improve indium and zinc leachabilities. The microstructures, morphologies, and leaching characteristics of IBZF samples milled under different milling conditions were investigated by particle size analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area analysis, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, Mössbauer spectrometry, and leaching experiments. The results show that the planetary ball milling has obvious effects on the microstructure and leaching characteristic of IBZF. Increasing the rotation speed and milling time cause the increase in the specific surface area, structure defects, and the breakage of the crystalline network, which result in a significant increase of indium and zinc extractions. In particular, the changes of crystal lattice structure induced by planetary ball milling play a key role in improving indium and zinc leachabilities from IBZF. The planetary ball milling also results in the redistribution of Zn 2+ and Fe 3+ in IBZF. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-8 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0352-7 Authors J. H. Yao, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 People’s Republic of China X. H. Li, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 People’s Republic of China L. P. Pan, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 People’s Republic of China J. M. Mo, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 People’s Republic of China Z. P. Wen, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 People’s Republic of China Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    This paper discusses the application of rapid solidification by the melt-spinning method for the preparation of thin NiTi-based ribbons. Generally, the application of rapid solidification via melt-spinning can change the microstructure, improving the ductility and shape memory characteristics and lead to small-dimensioned samples. Several thousand thermal cycles were performed on the trained ribbons using bending deformation procedure, continuously observing the changes in the shape memory and transformation behaviors. These changes are due to the appearance of an intermediate phase which was stabilized probably by the accumulation of defects introduced by thermomechanical training. The influence of training and thermal cycling on characteristics of ribbons was studied by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The results displayed that bending training methods were useful in developing a two-way shape memory effect (TWSME). All samples show a shape memory effect immediately after processing without further heat treatment. The addition of copper in NiTi alloys was effective to narrow the transformation hysteresis. The W addition has improved the stability of the TWSME and mechanical properties. The TWSME of ribbons and its stability are well suited for important applications such as microsensors and microactuators. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-10 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0379-9 Authors K. Mehrabi, Department of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Testing, University of Leoben, Leoben, Austria M. Bruncko, Department of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Testing, University of Leoben, Leoben, Austria A. C. Kneissl, Department of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Testing, University of Leoben, Leoben, Austria Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    The ethylene glycol-1,4-dioxane system is studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry over a wide range of temperatures (−90 to 25°C) and is found to be a simple eutectic with the eutectic point at 10 mol % of dioxane (−16.5°C). Unlike a water-dioxane system, in which the clathrate with dioxane: H 2 O = 1: 34 ratio is formed, the observed phase diagram showed no evidence of clathrate formation, due presumably to its hydrogen bond geometry and the intermolecular interaction properties of ethylene glycol. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 1745-1746 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412110234 Authors M. N. Rodnikova, Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia I. A. Solonina, Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia M. R. Kiselev, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071 Russia S. V. Makaev, Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 11

Description:    The solubility of atmospheric oxygen in solutions of surfactants of different natures at 293 K and pH 8 is determined by gas chromatography. It is found that additives of nonionic surfactants decrease the oxygen content in the solution in the premicellar region and increase its solubility in the micellar region. It is shown that, for anionic surfactants, a decrease in the solubility of O 2 is observed over the entire concentration range. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 1753-1755 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412110088 Authors G. V. Chistyakova, Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo, 153045 Russia S. A. Koksharov, Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo, 153045 Russia T. V. Vladimirova, Ivenergo, Ivanovo, 153326 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 11

Description:    It was shown that after partial dehydration occurs a simultaneous condensation of four mol of initial monomer Gd(NO 3 ) 3 · 6H 2 O into a tetramer Gd 4 O 4 (NO 3 ) 4 . The heterocycle containing 4 gadolinium atoms gradually loses N 2 O 5 and, through the formation of unstable oxynitrates, is transformed into Gd 2 O 3 . The interatomic distances and angles were calculated using the molecular mechanics method. The comparison of the potential energies of consecutive oxyphosphates permitted an evaluation of their stability. The models of intermediate oxynitrates represent a reasonably good approximation to the real structures and a proper interpretation of experimental data. Content Type Journal Article Category Chemical Kinetics and Catalysis Pages 1659-1663 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412110180 Authors P. P. Melnikov, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul/UFMS, Caixa Postal 549, Campo Grande/MS, Brazil V. A. Nascimento, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul/UFMS, Caixa Postal 549, Campo Grande/MS, Brazil L. Z. Zanoni Consolo, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul/UFMS, Caixa Postal 549, Campo Grande/MS, Brazil Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 11

Description:    A dimensionless complex containing the surface free energy of a crystal-liquid interface γ, and the entropy jump, temperature, and density of a crystal phase is described using the phenomenology of thermodynamic similarity; this complex remains constant at the melting line. It is demonstrated that the complex refines the result obtained by Skripov and Faizullin in [6] and enables us to estimate the temperature dependence of γ. Our calculations show that the surface free energy of the crystal-liquid interface of normally melting compounds is a monotonically increasing function of temperature. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 1763-1765 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412110040 Authors V. G. Baidakov, Institute of Thermal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620016 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 11

Description:    Thermodynamic parameters are determined for the adsorption of vapors of hydrocarbons and polar compounds of different structure on carbon adsorbent modified by a monomolecular layer of heptakis (2,3,6-tri- O -benzoyl)-β-cyclodextrin. The effect of the structure and polarity of organic compounds on adsorption onto an adsorbent support with a chiral macrocyclic modifier are considered. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 1769-1772 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412110155 Authors K. A. Kopytin, Samara State University, Samara, 443011 Russia S. Yu. Kudryashov, Samara State University, Samara, 443011 Russia N. G. Gerasimova, Samara State University, Samara, 443011 Russia L. A. Onuchak, Samara State University, Samara, 443011 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 11

Description:    A thermodynamic variation of the Lindemann criterion for the vaporization of metals is proposed. It is shown that the critical amplitude of vibrations of atoms at the boiling point averages 1.42 bond lengths. Close values of interatomic distances result from the Vinet universal equation for the atomization of metals under the action of high temperatures (1.48) and negative pressures (1.50). The last value corresponds to the Van der Waals distances between metal atoms. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 1759-1762 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412110052 Authors S. S. Batsanov, Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Problems of Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 11

Description:    Samples of composite nanomaterials obtained by the thermal treatment of mixtures of MoO 3 nano-dispersed powder and ultrafine powder of Mo with precipitate from removing iron from groundwater are studied by means of X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The structure of these samples (phase composition, average crystallite size, microdistortions (microstresses) of their crystal lattices, and certain texture parameters) are determined. It is suggested that under certain conditions, shells from the nanoparticles of Mo and/or MoO 3 are formed on the surface of sediment particles, preventing the identification of iron-containing phases. Estimates are made of the sorption activity of some materials with respect to carbon monoxide (CO). Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Nanoclusters and Nanomaterials Pages 1689-1696 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412110210 Authors L. Yu. Novoselova, Institute of Petroleum Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634021 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 11

Description:    A table for determining the first derivatives of thermodynamic parameters is proposed. The table differs from the familiar Suvorov table in that the five dimension parameters are replaced with four dimensionless thermodynamic parameters. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 1747-1750 DOI 10.1134/S003602441211009X Authors V. P. Dobrodeev, Rybinsk State Aviation Technological Academy, Rybinsk, 152934 Russia N. A. Kalyaeva, Rybinsk State Aviation Technological Academy, Rybinsk, 152934 Russia A. V. Dobrodeev, Rybinsk State Aviation Technological Academy, Rybinsk, 152934 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 11

Description:    The conjugated diffusion transport of amino acid and mineral salt through a profiled sulfo group cation exchange membrane that simulates the extraction of amino acid from wash waters of microbiological production containing mineral components not used in synthesis is studied. The competitive nature of the conjugation of flows resulting in a decrease in the rate of the mass transfer of components and their separation factor is established from a comparative analysis of experimental data on the diffusion transfer of phenylalanine and sodium chloride in the form of hydrogen from individual and mixed solutions through a profiled sulfo group cation exchange membrane. The range of concentrations and the ratio of components in solution corresponding to the effective separation of phenylalanine and sodium chloride are determined. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Separation Processes: Chromatography Pages 1726-1731 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412110271 Authors V. I. Vasil’eva, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, 394006 Russia E. A. Vorob’eva, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, 394006 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 11

Description:    Superelastic NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) has high recoverable strain and outstanding damping capacity, and has been used as a damping material for many applications. When subjected to displacement-controlled cyclic deformation, the material exhibits distinctive temperature and stress oscillations due to the release of latent heat and hysteresis heat and the heat transfer with the ambient. In this paper, we establish a model to predict the temperature variation of NiTi SMA wire specimen under the cyclic phase transition by lumped heat transfer analysis. Closed-form solution on the evolution of the temperature is obtained. It is shown that, for all the test frequencies, steady-state cyclic thermal response of the specimen can be reached after a certain number of loading cycles in a transient stage, exhibiting a kind of “thermal shake down.” In the steady state, the temperature profile oscillates around a mean temperature plateau. We show that the temperature oscillation is mainly due to the release/absorption of latent heat during cyclic phase transition, while the mean temperature rise of the specimen is caused by the accumulation of the hysteretic heat of the phase transition. The model predictions agree well with the experimental results. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-4 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0395-9 Authors Hao Yin, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China Qingping Sun, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    The spray-deposited SiCp/Al-20Si-3Cu functionally graded material (FGM) can meet the structure design requirements of brake disk. The effects of rotational speed and load on the wear and friction behaviors of the SiCp/Al-20Si-3Cu FGM sliding against the resin matrix friction material were investigated. For comparison, the wear and friction behaviors of a commercially used cast iron (HT250) brake rotor were also studied. The results indicate that the friction coefficient of the SiCp/Al-20Si-3Cu FGM decreases constantly with the increase of load or rotational speed and is affected by the gradient distribution of SiC particles. The wear rate of the SiCp/Al-20Si-3Cu FGM firstly increases, then decreases and finally increases again with increasing load or speed, and is about 1/10 of that of HT250. Based on observations and analyses on the morphology and substructure of the worn surface, the mechanical mixing layer acts as a protective coating and lubricant, and its thickness reduces with the SiC content increasing. Furthermore, it is proposed that the dominant wear mechanism of SiCp/Al-20Si-3Cu FGM changes from the abrasive wear to the oxidative wear and further to the delamination wear with increasing load or speed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-10 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0409-7 Authors B. Su, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 Hunan, People’s Republic of China H. G. Yan, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 Hunan, People’s Republic of China J. H. Chen, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 Hunan, People’s Republic of China P. L. Zeng, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 Hunan, People’s Republic of China G. Chen, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 Hunan, People’s Republic of China C. C. Chen, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 Hunan, People’s Republic of China Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    This research aims to explore magnetomechanical effect as a nondestructive method to monitor the failure process of steel structural elements subjected to compressive loadings. Experiments on steel tubular joints were carried out to study the relationship between the applied load and the magnetomechanical field. Results show that the mechanical response and the magnetomechanical response demonstrate similar behavior to the applied load in the whole loading progress. At the critical load of buckling, the load-magnetic field curve has a bifurcation point corresponding to the traditional bifurcation of load-displacement curve. This research demonstrates that the stress-induced magnetic filed can be utilized as an important indicator of impending failure in steel structural elements. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-4 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0410-1 Authors Sheng Bao, Institute of Structural Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China Fan Xu, Institute of Structural Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China Jiyang Wang, Institute of Structural Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China Hangfei Lou, Institute of Structural Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description: Strain-Controlled Low-Cycle Fatigue Properties of Extruded 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-3 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0411-0 Authors A. T. Brammer, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA J. B. Jordon, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA P. G. Allison, Engineering Research and Development Center, Army Corp of Engineers, Vicksburg, MS 39180, USA M. E. Barkey, Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    In this article, a fatigue damage parameter is proposed to assess the multiaxial fatigue lives of ductile metals based on the critical plane concept: Fatigue crack initiation is controlled by the maximum shear strain, and the other important effect in the fatigue damage process is the normal strain and stress. This fatigue damage parameter introduces a stress-correlated factor, which describes the degree of the non-proportional cyclic hardening. Besides, a three-parameter multiaxial fatigue criterion is used to correlate the fatigue lifetime of metallic materials with the proposed damage parameter. Under the uniaxial loading, this three-parameter model reduces to the recently developed Zhang’s model for predicting the uniaxial fatigue crack initiation life. The accuracy and reliability of this three-parameter model are checked against the experimental data found in literature through testing six different ductile metals under various strain paths with zero/non-zero mean stress. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-9 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0197-0 Authors Jia Liu, The Science Institute, Air Force Engineering University, East Chang Le Road, Xi’an, 710051 China Jing Li, The Science Institute, Air Force Engineering University, East Chang Le Road, Xi’an, 710051 China Zhong-ping Zhang, The Science Institute, Air Force Engineering University, East Chang Le Road, Xi’an, 710051 China Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    This article reports about the tests carried to investigate microbial-induced corrosion on stainless steels due to sulfate-reducing bacteria sp. Desulfotomaculum nigrificans in different host media. Stainless steel 304L, 316L, and 2205 were selected for the test. Modified Baar’s media (BM), sodium chloride solution, and artificial sea water (SW) were used as test solutions in anaerobic conditions. Electrochemical polarization and immersion test were performed to estimate the extent of corrosion rate and pitting on stainless steels. SEM/EDS were used to study the details inside/outside pits formed on the corroded samples. Biofilm formed on corroded coupons was analyzed for its components by UV/Visible spectroscopy. Corrosion attack on the test samples was observed maximum in case of exposure to SW followed by NaCl solution, both having sulfide and chloride whereas stainless steel exposed to BM, having sulfide, showed minimum attack. Tendency of extracellular polymeric substances to bind metal ions is observed to be responsible for governing the extent of corrosion attack. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-9 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0384-z Authors Suman Lata, Materials Science Group, Department of Paper Technology, IIT, Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, 247001 India Chhaya Sharma, Materials Science Group, Department of Paper Technology, IIT, Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, 247001 India Ajay K. Singh, Materials Science Group, Department of Paper Technology, IIT, Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur, 247001 India Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Inclusions content is important for the mechanical behavior and performances of NiTi-based products particularly in fatigue-rated devices. Higher inclusions content has been correlated to reductions in transformation temperatures and strain recovery under mechanical or thermo-mechanical cycling. Moreover, most fatigue fractures show inclusions at the initiation site. However, there is a general lack of information on the nature and characteristics of such inclusions, especially those typically recognized as intermetallics oxides. In this study, the common scanning electron microscopy technique has been used to investigate the chemistry and morphology of inclusions in commercial standard VIM/VAR binary NiTi alloys. The defined experimental procedure, results, and their significance will be presented and discussed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-6 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0366-1 Authors A. Coda, SAES Getters S.p.A, Lainate, MI, Italy S. Zilio, SAES Getters S.p.A, Lainate, MI, Italy D. Norwich, Memry Corporation, Bethel, CT, USA F. Sczerzenie, SAES Smart Materials, New Hartford, NY, USA Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    The aim of this work was to form NiTi and TiNiCo body temperature activated and superelastic staples for clinical joining of mandible and face bone fractures. The alloys were obtained by VIM technique. Hot and cold processing was applied to obtain wires of required diameters. The martensitic transformation was studied by DSC, XRD, and TEM. The shape memory effects were measured by a bend and free recovery ASTM F2082-06 test. The superelasticity was recorded in the tension stress-strain and by the three-point bending cycles in an instrument equipped with a Hottinger force transducer and LVDT. Excellent superelastic behavior of TiNiCo wires was obtained after cold working and annealing at 400-500 °C. The body temperature activated shape memory staples were applied for fixation of mandibular condyle fractures. In experiments on the skull models, fixation of the facial fractures by using shape memory and superelastic staples were compared. The superelastic staples were used in osteosynthesis of zygomatico-maxillo-orbital fractures. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-7 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0372-3 Authors Z. Lekston, Institute of Materials Science, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland D. Stróż, Institute of Materials Science, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland M. Jędrusik-Pawłowska, Department of Skull and Maxillofacial Surgery, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    An investigation was carried out to examine the influence of structural and mechanical properties on wear behavior of austempered ductile iron (ADI). Ductile iron (DI) samples were austenitized at 900 °C for 60 min and subsequently austempered for 60 min at three temperatures: 270, 330, and 380 °C. Microstructures of the as-cast DI and ADIs were characterized using optical and scanning microscopy, respectively. The structural parameters, volume fraction of austenite, carbon content of austenite, and ferrite particle size were determined using x-ray diffraction technique. Mechanical properties including Vicker’s hardness, 0.2% proof strength, ultimate tensile strength, ductility, and strain hardening coefficient were determined. Wear tests were carried out under dry sliding conditions using pin-on-disk machine with a linear speed of 2.4 m/s. Normal load and sliding distance were 45 N and 1.7 × 10 4  m, respectively. ADI developed at higher austempering temperature has large amounts of austenite, which contribute toward improvement in the wear resistance through stress-induced martensitic transformation, and strain hardening of austenite. Wear rate was found to depend on 0.2% proof strength, ductility, austenite content, and its carbon content. Study of worn surfaces and nature of wear debris revealed that the fine ausferrite structure in ADIs undergoes oxidational wear, but the coarse ausferrite structure undergoes adhesion, delamination, and mild abrasion too. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-7 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0380-3 Authors Uma Batra, Department of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India Nimish Batra, Mechanical Engineering Department, Thapar University, Patiala, 147004 Punjab, India J. D. Sharma, Department of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Finding the geometry and properties of a ceramic tile after its firing using simulations, is relevant because several defects can occur and the tile can be rejected if the conditions of the firing are inadequate for the geometry and materials of the tile. Previous works present limitations because they do not use a model characteristic of ceramics at high temperatures and they oversimplify the simulations. As a response to such shortcomings, this article presents a simulation with a three-dimensional Norton’s model, which is characteristic of ceramics at high temperatures. The results of our simulated experiments show advantages with respect to the identification of the mechanisms that contribute to the final shape of the body. Our work is able to divide the history of temperatures in stages where the evolution of the thermal, elastic, and creep deformations is simplified and meaningful. That is achieved because our work found that curvature is the most descriptive parameter of the simulation. Future work is to be realized in the creation of a model that takes into account that the shrinkage is dependent on the history of temperatures. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-7 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0354-5 Authors Guillermo Peris-Fajarnés, Centro de Investigación en Tecnologías Gráficas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain Beatriz Defez, Centro de Investigación en Tecnologías Gráficas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain Ricardo Serrano, CAD CAM CAE Laboratory, Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, Colombia Oscar E. Ruiz, CAD CAM CAE Laboratory, Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, Colombia Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Ultrafine β-silicon carbide (β-SiC) powders were successfully synthesized by carbothermal-reduction reaction (CRR) of sepiolite. Sepiolite of Turkish deposits as a silica (SiO 2 ) precursor and carbon black as a reducing agent were mixed with constant C/SiO 2 molar ratio of 4. Mixed powders were subjected to CRR at temperatures of 1450, 1500, and 1550 °C for 1 h in an atmosphere-controlled tube furnace under argon flow of 5 cm 3 /min. The precursor and resultant powder products were characterized by XRD, SEM, and EDX. Phase transformation was observed in powder products after CRR as a function of the reaction temperature. The results show that the cotton-like nature of sepiolite makes it an effective mineral precursor for synthesis of SiC powders, and that SiC transformation was optimized at 1550 °C with a particle size of approximately 200 nm. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-6 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0300-6 Authors Cengiz Bağci, Department of Machine and Metal Technologies, Vocational High School of Akdağmadeni, Bozok University, 66300 Yozgat, Turkey Halil Arik, Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Gazi University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Ni-free Ti-based shape memory alloys (SMAs) are increasingly recognized as promising functional materials for medical applications. The mechanical properties of these metastable Ti-based SMAs are sensitive to aging and thermomechanical treatment. Effects of severe plastic deformation (SPD)-equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and aging on superelastic behavior of Ni-free Ti-based SMAs, Ti-9.8Mo-3.9Nb-2V-3.1Al wt.% (TMNVA) and Ti-25at.%Nb, have been investigated. The results show that the yielding strength of TMNVA alloy increases sharply with the number of ECAP processes—to greater than 1,400 MPa after two passes ECAP—but elongation of TMNVA alloy decreases severely and the plasticity is lost completely after two passes ECAP. Both ECAP process and flash annealing treatment have weak contribution to the superelastic recoverable strains of Ti-Mo-based alloy. For Ti-25at.%Nb alloy, after one pass ECAP process at 400 °C, the yielding stress increases obviously, and the recovery strain increases a little. With the further increase in the number of ECAP processes, the yielding stress and the recovery strain change little. Aging treatment at low temperature after ECAP process is in favor of superelasticity of Ti-25at.%Nb alloy. An almost completely recoverable strain of 1.5% is obtained in Ti-25at.%Nb alloy after two passes ECAP and aging at 300 °C for 1 h. The mechanisms of the effects of SPD and aging are also discussed. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-7 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0391-0 Authors Jie Song, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China Xiaoning Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China Chaoying Xie, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China Liming Wang, Jiangsu Fasten Company Limited, Jiangying, Jiangshu, China M. H. Wu, Advanced Materials Technology, Edwards Life Sciences LLC, Irvine, CA, USA Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Medical device fractures during gamma and electron beam (eBeam) sterilization have been reported. Two common factors in these device fractures were a constraining force and the presence of fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP). This study investigated the effects of eBeam sterilization on constrained light-oxide nitinol wires in FEP. The goal was to recreate these fractures and determine their root cause. Superelastic nitinol wires were placed inside FEP tubes and constrained with nominal outer fiber strains of 10, 15, and 20%. These samples were then subjected to a range of eBeam sterilization doses up to 400 kGy and compared with unconstrained wires also subjected to sterilization. Fractures were observed at doses of 〉100 kGy. Analysis of the fracture surfaces indicated that the samples failed due to irradiation-assisted stress-corrosion cracking (IASCC). This same effect was also observed to occur with PTFE at 400 kGy. These results suggest that nitinol is susceptible to IASCC when in the presence of a constraining stress, fluorinated polymers, and irradiation. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-5 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0396-8 Authors Stuart A. Smith, Metallurgical Solutions, Redwood City, CA, USA Brock Gause, Nutek Corporation, Hayward, CA, USA David Plumley, Fort Wayne Metals, Fort Wayne, IN, USA Masao J. Drexel, Confirmd LLC, Redwood City, CA, USA Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Currently, with the increasing demand of high production output, much attention is paid to the research and development of multi-hole extrusion die. However, owing to the complexity of multi-hole porthole extrusion technology, it has not been applied widely in practice for the production of aluminum profiles, especially for porthole die with an odd number of die orifices. The purpose of this study is to design a three-hole porthole die for producing an aluminum tube and to optimize the location of die orifices based on computer-aided design and engineering. First, three-hole extrusion dies for different locations of die orifices are designed. Then, extrusion processes with different multi-hole porthole dies are simulated by means of HyperXtrude. Through numerical simulation, metal flow, temperature distribution, welding pressure, extrusion load, and die stress, etc. could be obtained, and the effects of the location of die orifices on extrusion process are investigated. With the increasing distance between die orifice and extrusion center (described as eccentricity ratio), metal flow becomes nonhomogeneous, and twisting or bending deformation of profile occurs, but the welding pressure rises, which improves the welding quality of profiles. However, the required extrusion force, billet and die temperature, die displacement, and stress induce no significant changes. In comparison with the extrusion force during single-hole porthole extrusion, there is 18.5% decrease of extrusion force during three-hole porthole extrusion. Finally, design rules for this kind of multi-hole extrusion dies are summarized. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-10 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0405-y Authors Cunsheng Zhang, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, 250061 Shandong, People’s Republic of China Guoqun Zhao, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, 250061 Shandong, People’s Republic of China Hao Chen, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, 250061 Shandong, People’s Republic of China Yanjin Guan, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, 250061 Shandong, People’s Republic of China Haijin Cai, Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), Shandong University, Jinan, 250061 Shandong, People’s Republic of China Baojie Gao, CSR Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266111 Shandong, People’s Republic of China Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Metallic tie-rods are currently used in many historical buildings for absorbing the out-of-plane horizontal forces of arches, vaults and roof trusses, despite they exhibit several limitations under service and seismic conditions. In this paper, a post-tensioned system based on the superelastic properties of Ni-Ti shape memory alloys is proposed for improving the structural performances of traditional metallic tie-rods. First, the thermal behavior under service conditions is investigated based on the results of numerical and experimental studies. Subsequently, the seismic performances under strong earthquakes are verified trough a number of shaking table tests on a 1:4-scale timber roof truss model. The outcomes of these studies fully confirm the achievement of the design objectives of the proposed prototype device. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-10 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0414-x Authors Donatello Cardone, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza, Italy Salvatore Sofia, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza, Italy Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    High performance friction systems, e.g., dry clutches and brakes, require a good wear resistance and a friction coefficient that is nearly independent from sliding velocity and environmental conditions. Organic-based friction materials have reached their limitations regarding higher power densities. Engineering ceramics such as alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) or silicon carbide (SiC) offer a great potential since remarkably higher thermal and mechanical loading is possible. However, the tribological performance of these monolithic ceramics is still insufficient. The aim of the present study was to assess the potential of a laser-assisted surface modification process in order to improve the tribological performance with regard to the application in dry friction systems. Therefore, commercially available alumina was modified using a newly developed laser-assisted preheating process and subsequent melting of the ceramic’s surface using a CO 2 -laser and modification by additives such as TiC, TiN, B 4 C, WC, ZrB 2 , Cr, Ni, Cu, and Ti. A systematic variation of additives and process parameters led to different multiphase microstructures. Subsequently, these were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and surface analysis methods (wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy). Finally, the tribological properties were investigated using a laboratory tribometer. The surface-modified ceramics were tested in unidirectional sliding motion against steel disks. The tribological results of the surface-modified ceramics were compared to those of monolithic Al 2 O 3 and SiC ceramics and showed a reduced dependence of friction coefficient on sliding velocity. Moreover, the multi-phase ceramics possessed a higher wear resistance than the monolithic ones. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-13 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0215-2 Authors R. Wallstabe, BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 87, 12200 Berlin, Germany Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    The kinetic principles of sorption of formaldehyde sorption on a polyfunctional weak-basic anion exchanger are considered. It is found that the limiting step of sorbate uptake is external diffusion. Parameters of formaldehyde sorption from aqueous solutions under dynamic conditions are determined. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 884-885 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050354 Authors I. V. Voronyuk, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia T. V. Eliseeva, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia V. F. Selemenev, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The kinetics of tin oxidation was studied using Auger spectroscopy and characteristic electron energy loss spectroscopy. Studies were performed with continuous electron irradiation ( E p = 1800 eV) and without it depending on exposition in oxygen medium at a 10 −6 torr partial oxygen pressure and room temperature (maximum exposure in oxygen was 3000 Langmuir). Exposition to oxygen at 3000 L was shown to cause the formation of a continuous SnO 2 oxide layer, whereas electron irradiation with the same exposition stimulated the growth of a layer predominantly containing SnO. Content Type Journal Article Category Chemical Kinetics and Catalysis Pages 752-756 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050032 Authors O. G. Ashkhotov, Kabardino-Balkar State University, ul. Chernyshevskogo 173, Nalchik, 360004 Russia I. B. Ashkhotova, Kabardino-Balkar State University, ul. Chernyshevskogo 173, Nalchik, 360004 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    A 16-constant additive scheme was derived for calculating the physicochemical properties of saturated monoalcohols CH 4 O-C 9 H 20 O and decomposing the triangular numbers of the Pascal triangle based on the similarity of subgraphs in the molecular graphs (MGs) of the homologous series of these alcohols. It was shown, using this scheme for calculation of properties of saturated monoalcohols as an example, that each coefficient of the scheme (in other words, the number of methods to impose a chain of a definite length i 1 , i 2 , … on a molecular graph) is the result of the decomposition of the triangular numbers of the Pascal triangle. A linear dependence was found within the adopted classification of structural elements. Sixteen parameters of the schemes were recorded as linear combinations of 17 parameters. The enthalpies of vaporization L 298 K 0 of the saturated monoalcohols CH 4 O-C 9 H 20 O, for which there were no experimental data, were calculated. It was shown that the parameters are not chosen randomly when using the given procedure for constructing an additive scheme by decomposing the triangular numbers of the Pascal triangle. Content Type Journal Article Category Chemical Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry Pages 736-740 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050123 Authors V. V. Grebeshkov, Tver State University, Tver, Russia V. M. Smolyakov, Tver State University, Tver, Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    Calorimetric measurements were performed and the heat effects of sorption of ammonium ions from aqueous solutions by the M 45 K 20 natural sorbent and its acid- and alkali-activated forms were calculated. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Surface Phenomena Pages 849-851 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050214 Authors Ly Tkhi Ien, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya pl. 1, Voronezh, 394893 Russia V. Yu. Khokhlov, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya pl. 1, Voronezh, 394893 Russia L. P. Bondareva, Voronezh State Technological Academy, pr. Revolyutsii 19, Voronezh, 394017 Russia L. I. Bel’chinskaya, Voronezh Forestry Engineering Academy, Voronezh, Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    Peculiarities of the chromatographic behavior of adamantylamidrazones and adamantyltriazoles on octadecyl silica gel and hypercrosslinked polystyrenes in the conditions of reverse phase high performance chromatography are investigated. A comparative analysis of the effect of structures and physicochemical characteristics of sorbate molecules on the Gibbs free energy of sorption for the investigated sorbates is performed. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Separation Processes: Chromatography Pages 852-859 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050299 Authors S. V. Prokopov, Samara State University, Samara, 443011 Russia S. V. Kurbatova, Samara State University, Samara, 443011 Russia V. A. Davankov, Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia M. A. Il’in, Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The adsorption of methane on MN-200 and MN-270 polymer adsorbents, and on active carbon D4609, is investigated in the pressure range of 0.1–40 MPa at temperatures of 303, 323, 343, 373 K. Adsorption volumes are determined for these adsorption systems, and the isosteric heats of adsorption are calculated. Based on our investigations, we consider the possibility of storing methane in the adsorbed state in containers and the efficiency of the approach relative to gas storage in containers without adsorbents. Recommendations on selecting an adsorbent for methane storage are given, and one possible way of increasing the amount of stored gas is described. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Surface Phenomena Pages 837-842 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050287 Authors A. A. Pribylov, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia I. A. Kalinnikova, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia L. G. Shekhovtsova, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia V. A. Davankov, Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia M. P. Tsyurupa, Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    Our study using the nonlocal density functional theory (NDFT) showed that active coals might have a bidisperse microporous structure. The binomial equation of the theory of volume filling of micropores (TVFM) approximates well the nitrogen adsorption isotherms at relative pressures from 1 × 10 −4 to 0.2. The dominant micropore sizes calculated in terms of the characteristic adsorption energy lie in the region of the maximum of the size distribution of micropores calculated by the NDFT method. The tentative micropore sizes can be determined from the modified second term of the TVFM equation. The Henry and BET equations describe very limited regions of the nitrogen adsorption isotherm on microporous active coals. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Surface Phenomena Pages 843-848 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050147 Authors R. I. Ibragimova, St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Design, St. Petersburg, Russia S. F. Grebennikov, St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Design, St. Petersburg, Russia V. V. Gur’yanov, OAO Neorganika, Elektrostal, Russia N. V. Vorob’ev-Desyatovskii, ZAO Polymetal Engineering, St. Petersburg, Russia S. A. Kubyshkin, St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Design, St. Petersburg, Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    In this research work, the effect of solvent on the size of paltinum nanoparticles synthesized by microemulsion method was investigated. Platinum nanoparticles have been prepared by the reduction of H 2 PtCl 6 with hydrazine in water-in-oil (w/o) microemulsions consisting of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfo-succinate (AOT) and solvents n -hexane, cyclohexane and n -nonane. The size of the platinum nanoparticles was measured using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was verified that, for reduction of H 2 PtCl 6 by hydrazine in microemulsion with different organic solvents, the solvents are arranged by their influence on nanoparticle sizes as follows: n -nonane 〉 cyclohexane 〉 n -hexane. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 881-883 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050020 Authors Alireza Salabat, Department of Chemistry, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349 Iran Mina Rahmati Far, Department of Chemistry, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349 Iran Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The enthalpy of reaction of metallic calcium with perchloric acid was measured for the first time in a sealed swinging calorimeter equipped with an isothermal shell. Standard enthalpies of formation of calcium ion in an infinitely diluted aqueous solution (−542.8 ± 1.0 kJ/mol) and calcium chloride in crystal state (−794.9 ± 1.0 kJ/mol) were calculated according to the results obtained with the use of published data. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 886-888 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050251 Authors A. S. Monaenkova, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia L. A. Tiflova, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    Molecular masses of the complexes that form upon the reaction of (2- p Tolylindenyl) 2 ZrMe 2 with AlBu 3 i in toluene at room temperature were determined by means of electrospray mass spectrometry. It was determined that zirconium is arranged between two dimeric clusters with the monozirconium cation (L 2 ZrBu i + · HAlBu 3 i − ) 2 and dizirconium cation {[L 2 ZrBu i (μ-CH 3 )Bu i ZrL 2 ] + · HAlBu 3 i − } 2 in these complexes. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 875-877 DOI 10.1134/S003602441205010X Authors Z. M. Dzhabieva, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432 Russia S. V. Topilin, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432 Russia T. S. Dzhabiev, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow oblast, 142432 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The thermodynamic equilibrium in the carbon dioxide conversion of methane is studied by Gibbs energy minimization. The curves that represent the dependences of the degree of coke formation, the content of methane and carbon dioxide in syngas, and the syngas module on the CO 2 /CH 4 mole ratio in the initial mixture and on temperature at various pressures, are plotted. The regions in which the CO 2 /CH 4 mole ratio is optimal for carbon dioxide conversion and no coke formation occurs, and which are characterized by a minimal content of methane and carbon dioxide in syngas, are revealed. Content Type Journal Article Category Chemical Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry Pages 741-746 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050305 Authors O. N. Protasov, United Research and Development Centre, Moscow, 119333 Russia N. A. Mamonov, United Research and Development Centre, Moscow, 119333 Russia M. N. Mikhailov, United Research and Development Centre, Moscow, 119333 Russia L. M. Kustov, Zelinskii Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The water-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) system was studied by means of static light scattering in the concentration range of 0 to 60 mol % DMSO at 20 and 50°C. In the concentration range of 10 mol % DMSO, an abnormal maximum of scattered light was detected, the intensity of which decreases with an increase of temperature. The formation of this maximum is related to hydrophobic effects in the system under study and the existence of an unattainable critical point of delayering. Temperature inversion of light scattering intensity was detected at ∼14 mol % DMSO; at higher concentrations of DMSO, the intensity at 50°C is notably higher than at 20°C (due to the increase in the concentration’s degree of fluctuation upon an increase in temperature); at 60 mol % DMSO, intensities of scattered light at 20 and 50°C almost coincide. The apparent molar volumes of DMSO in solutions were calculated from the published data on density in the temperature range of 5 to 50°C. The minima of these values from 10 to 15 mol % DMSO (i.e., in the range of the abnormal maximum of scattered light) were obtained. The manifestation of hydrophobic effects in aqueous solutions of amphiphilic molecules is explained using the example of the DMSO-H 2 O system. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 892-894 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050317 Authors M. N. Rodnikova, Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117901 Russia Yu. A. Zakharova, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia I. A. Solonina, Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117901 Russia D. A. Sirotkin, Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117901 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    A correlation is found between the proton spin-spin relaxation times in gold nanocomposites based on arabinogalactan in aqueous solutions and the maximum conducting layer thicknesses of films cast from solutions of composites. The obtained correlation is considered from the viewpoint of electrization’s effect on the mobility of macromolecules of the investigated polymer nanocomposites. The dependence of arabinogalactan mobility on the type of solvent (H 2 O or D 2 O) is established, and a conclusion is drawn as to the effect of the hydrogen bonds of arabinogalactan with solvent on polymer mobility in solutions. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Nanoclusters and Nanomaterials Pages 812-815 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050263 Authors M. N. Nikolaeva, Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 199004 Russia G. P. Aleksandrova, Favorsky Institute of Chemistry, Irkutsk, 664033 Russia A. A. Martynenkov, Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 199004 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    Heterogeneous photocatalytic removal of Rhodamine-B (RhB) dye from liquid phase was done using mixed-phase nanocrystalline TiO 2 for enhancement of charge separation and UV-visible-light-driven photocatalysis capabilities. The mixed-phase nanocrystalline TiO 2 was characterized using various analytical techniques including XRD, TEM, UV-vis DRS and PL to investigate its phase composition and structure, nanocrystalline size distribution, band gap energy, and photoluminescence properties. The photocatalytic discoloration efficiency of mixed-phase nanocrystalline titania was explored by monitoring the decomposition of RhB dye in an aqueous solution. The results showed that the as-prepared mixed-phase nanocrystalline TiO 2 was excellent for degradation of RhB molecule, and the combination of crystal phase of anatase and rutile has great effect on decomposition of RhB. The kinetic studies demonstrate that the photocatalytic oxidation reaction followed a pseudo-first-order expression due to the evidence of linear correlation between ln( c/c 0 ) vs. reaction time t . Moreover, the aqueous RhB dye decomposition over the as-prepared mixed-phase nanocrystalline TiO 2 catalyst is controlled by RhB pre-adsorption. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Nanoclusters and Nanomaterials Pages 805-811 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050081 Authors Dongfang Zhang, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hongshan, 430070 P.R. China Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    A method for the construction of additive models for calculations of the properties of substitution isomers of basis structures is described for the example of a series of X-substituted methylsilanes CH 3 − k X k -SiH 3 − l X l (where X = CH 3 , F, Cl, …, k, l = 0, 1, 2, 3). The method is based on similarity of subgraphs in graphs of several molecules and the arrangement of polygonal numbers (triangular, tetrahedral) of the Pascal triangle. Parameters taking into account multiple nonvalence interactions (-C-Si〈, 〉C-Si〈, …) through two atoms along the molecular chain of an X-substituted methylsilane (X = CH 3 ) were for the first time explicitly included in the calculation scheme. Taking these interactions into account allows us to completely differentiate all the structural isomers of certain molecules and obtain numerical parameter values for predicting properties P under consideration in various approximations. Numerical calculations of Δ f H g,298 K o were performed for 16 alkylsilanes (as X-substituted methylsilanes), including 7 compounds not studied experimentally. Content Type Journal Article Category Chemical Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry Pages 729-735 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050275 Authors D. Yu. Nilov, Tver State University, Sadovyi per. 35, Tver, 170002 Russia V. M. Smolyakov, Tver State University, Sadovyi per. 35, Tver, 170002 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The temperature dependence of the heat capacity C p o = f ( T ) 2 of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate was studied in an adiabatic vacuum calorimeter over the temperature range 6–350 K. Measurement errors were mainly of 0.2%. Glass formation and vitreous state parameters were determined. An isothermic shell calorimeter with a static bomb was used to measure the energy of combustion of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate. The experimental data were used to calculate the standard thermodynamic functions C p o ( T ), H o ( T )- H o (0), S o ( T )- S o (0), and G o ( T )- H o (0) of the compound in the vitreous and liquid states over the temperature range from T → 0 to 350 K, the standard enthalpies of combustion Δ c H o , and the thermodynamic characteristics of formation Δ f H o , Δ f S o , and Δ f G o at 298.15 K and p = 0.1 MPa. Content Type Journal Article Category Chemical Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry Pages 747-751 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050172 Authors T. G. Kulagina, Research Institute of Chemistry, Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23/5, Nizhni Novgorod, 603600 Russia Ya. S. Samosudova, Research Institute of Chemistry, Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23/5, Nizhni Novgorod, 603600 Russia I. A. Letyanina, Research Institute of Chemistry, Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23/5, Nizhni Novgorod, 603600 Russia E. V. Sevast’yanov, Research Institute of Chemistry, Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23/5, Nizhni Novgorod, 603600 Russia N. N. Smirnova, Research Institute of Chemistry, Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23/5, Nizhni Novgorod, 603600 Russia L. A. Smirnova, Research Institute of Chemistry, Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23/5, Nizhni Novgorod, 603600 Russia A. E. Mochalova, Research Institute of Chemistry, Nizhni Novgorod State University, pr. Gagarina 23/5, Nizhni Novgorod, 603600 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    Ethambutol (EMB) is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug prescribed to treat tuberculosis. It is bacteriostatic against actively growing TB bacilli. The density and viscosity of aqueous ethambutol hydrochloride solutions have been studied at 298.15, 301.15 and 304.15 K and at different concentrations (0.255, 0.168, 0.128, 0.087, 0.041, and 0.023 mol dm −3 ). The apparent molar volume of these solutions for different temperatures and concentrations was calculated from the density data. The relative viscosities of drug solutions have been analysed by Jones-Dole equation. The limiting apparent molar volumes have been evaluated for different temperatures. The different properties have been used to study structural properties, structure formation and breaking properties of drug and solute-solvent interactions in solutions. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Solutions Pages 775-778 DOI 10.1134/S003602441205007X Authors S. D. Deosarkar, School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, 431 606 MS, India A. L. Puyad, School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, 431 606 MS, India T. M. Kalyankar, India School of Pharmacy, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, 431 606 MS, India Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    It is shown by means of direct spectrophotometry in the UV and visible ranges that the only product of the O 3 reaction with Cl − (aq) in an acidic medium is molecular chlorine Cl 2 ; in solutions, it is in equilibrium with the complex ion Cl 3 − . It is found that the consumption of one ozone molecule corresponds to the formation of one chlorine molecule. The stoichiometric equation for the reaction is obtained. Content Type Journal Article Category Chemical Kinetics and Catalysis Pages 757-762 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050202 Authors A. V. Levanov, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia I. V. Kuskov, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia E. E. Antipenko, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia V. V. Lunin, Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The solubility of fullerene C 60 in tetraline-carbon tetrachloride and tetraline-1,2-dichlorobenzene systems in all compositions of the mixed solvent are measured in the temperature range of 298.15–338.15 K. It is found that in a mixture of tetraline with 1,2-dichlorobenzene, the solubility of C 60 is considerably higher than in its pure components; in this case, solubility has a maximum in the range of lower temperatures and compositions of the mixture X trl = 0.3–0.5. It is established that C 60 forms crystal solvates with components of the mixed solvents. Enthalpies and temperatures of incongruent melting of the crystal solvates are determined by differential scanning calorimetry. Content Type Journal Article Category Chemical Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry Pages 715-719 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050160 Authors A. M. Kolker, Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo, 153045 Russia A. V. Kozlov, Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo, 153045 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The behavior of crystalline tetraalkylammonium salts at 290–350 K was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. For tetraethyl- and tetrabutylammonium bromides (Et 4 NBr and Bu 4 NBr), the experimental heat capacities agreed well with the literature values. For tetrahexyl-, tetraheptyl-, and tetraoctylam-monium bromides (Hex 4 NBr, Hep 4 NBr, and Oct 4 NBr), phase transitions were found between crystal modifications whose characteristic temperatures depended significantly on the size of the cation. Empirical equations for the temperature dependences of the heat capacities of the salts within the ranges of homogeneous equilibrium phases were derived. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 878-880 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050226 Authors N. G. Manin, Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo, Russia A. V. Kustov, Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo, Russia O. A. Antonova, Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo, Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    Geometrical structures, Hammett constants, 1 H and 13 C chemical shift values, molecular electrostatic potential maps, and several thermodynamic parameters of α-acyloxy carboxamide derivatives ( 4a – o ) were calculated using HF and DFT/B3LYP methods with 6-31G( d ) basis set. The optimized structures were compared with analogous compound. The 1 H and 13 C NMR shielding tensors were computed with the Gauge-Independent Atomic Orbital (GIAO) method. Comparison of the experimental 1 H and 13 C NMR chemical shifts of 4a – o molecules with the theoretical data indicates good agreement. Content Type Journal Article Category Structure of Matter and Quantum Chemistry Pages 791-797 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050111 Authors Esmail Vessally, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran Ladan Edjlali, Department of Chemistry, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran Maryam Saber, Department of Chemistry, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran Soma Aryana, Payame Noor University, Zanjan, Iran Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    Experimental values of the mean polarizability of molecules, , and components of the Lorentz tensor, L j , in the nematic and smectic A phases are obtained for a homologous series of n -alkyl- p -(4-ethoxybenzylideneamino)-α-methylcinnamates. Dependences of the and L j values on the mesophase temperature, the orientational order parameter S of molecules, and the number n in the homologous series are revealed. The quadratic dependence of ( S ) in the nematic and smectic phases is established that is invariant with respect to the nematic-smectic A transition. Polarizability densities of the molecular core and the alkyl chain are found from the monotone decreasing dependence ( n )/ v (where v is volume per one molecule) in the smectic phase. The presence (or absence) of the odd-even alternation of L j ( n ) in the nematic (smectic) phase is shown. A monotone decrease in the Lorentz tensor anisotropy L with an increase in n is revealed in the smectic phase, and limiting values L j ( n → ∞) are determined. Content Type Journal Article Category Chemical Thermodynamics and Thermochemistry Pages 720-728 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050044 Authors E. M. Aver’yanov, Kirenskiy Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The possibility of the formation of the H 2 O 2 +· cation-radical was determined according to the data from nonempirical calculations for liquid trifluoroacetic acid, which forms a hydroperoxide radical after deprotonation. A catalytic cycle was obtained in which CF 3 COOH serves as a catalyst in the oxidation of a substrate by dissolved molecular oxygen. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 889-891 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050342 Authors M. V. Vishnetskaya, Gubkin State University of Petroleum and Gas, Moscow, 119991 Russia M. S. Ivanova, Gubkin State University of Petroleum and Gas, Moscow, 119991 Russia V. N. Solkan, Zelinskii Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia G. M. Zhidomirov, Zelinskii Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia M. Ya. Mel’nikov, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The mechanism of the reaction of osmium atom with acetaldehyde has been investigated with a DFT approach. All the stationary points are determined at the UB3LYP/ sdd /6-311++G** level of the theory. Both ground and excited state potential energy surfaces are investigated in detail. The present results show that the title reaction start with the formation of a CH 3 CHO-metal complex followed by C-C, aldehyde C-H, C-O, and methyl C-H activation. These reactions can lead to four different products (HOsCH 3 + CO, OsCO + CH 4 , OsCOCH 3 + H, and OsO + C 2 H 4 ). The minimum energy reaction path is found to involve the spin inversion in the initial reaction step. This potential energy curve-crossing dramatically affects reaction exothermic. The present results may be helpful in understanding the mechanism of the title reaction and further experimental investigation of the reaction. Content Type Journal Article Category Structure of Matter and Quantum Chemistry Pages 798-804 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050135 Authors Guo-Liang Dai, School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Linhai, 317000 China Chuan-Feng Wang, School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Linhai, 317000 China Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    In previous work, it was found that the bovine serum albumin (BSA) could obviously be damaged by nano-sized TiO 2 powder as a sonocatalyst under ultrasonic irradiation. In this work, metronidazole (MTZ) was adopted as a sensitizer to intensify the damage of BSA molecules. It was found that the damage degree of BSA molecules in the presence of MTZ was more serious than in the absence of MTZ. That is, under ultrasonic irradiation combined with nano-sized TiO 2 powder, the addition of MTZ could remarkably aggravate the damage to BSA molecules. Meanwhile, the damage degree was also affected by some influence factors, such as ultrasonic irradiation time, ultrasonic irradiation power, MTZ concentration, solution acidity, ionic strength and solution temperature. In addition, the damage site of BSA molecules was also estimated by synchronous fluorescence spectra. It was found that the damage site of BSA molecules was mainly at tyrosine (Tyr) residue. Content Type Journal Article Category Photochemistry and Magnetochemistry Pages 867-874 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050366 Authors J. Wang, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China Z. G. Wang, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China X. D. Jin, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China Y. W. Guo, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China J. Q. Gao, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China K. Li, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China B. X. Wang, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China Y. Li, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036 P. R. China Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The thermodynamics of vaporization of Ni(saloph), Cu(saloph), Zn(saloph), and Zn(salen) complexes are studied by Knudsen effusion method with mass spectrometric control of the vapor composition. It is noted that in the mass spectra of Zn(saloph) and Zn(salen), there are low-intensity peaks corresponding to ions of dimer. The effect of the nature of a metal and a ligand on the behavior of fragmentation of the complexes during their ionization with electrons is discussed. The enthalpies of sublimation, Δ H s ○ ( T ), are calculated by second law of thermodynamics: Ni(saloph) (502–578 K), 163 ± 1 kJ/mol; Cu(saloph) (475–550 K), 162 ± 1 kJ/mol; Zn(saloph) (571–637 K), 176 ± 4 kJ/mol; Zn(salen) (568–634 K), 169 ± 2 kJ/mol. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Surface Phenomena Pages 816-824 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050330 Authors N. V. Tverdova, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo, 153460 Russia E. D. Pelevina, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo, 153460 Russia A. V. Krasnov, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo, 153460 Russia Yu. A. Zhabanov, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo, 153460 Russia G. V. Girichev, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, Ivanovo, 153460 Russia N. P. Kuzmina, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia O. V. Kotova, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The embedded atom model (EAM) potentials of liquid gallium, lead, and bismuth calculated by the author using the Schommers algorithm were refined and written in a unified analytic form more convenient for applications. Pair contributions to EAM potentials are described by piecewise continuous functions. The form of EAM potentials admits the transition to a high-density state characteristic of shock compression. Series of models of these liquid metals were constructed by the molecular dynamics method at temperatures up to 1500 (Zn), 3000 (Ga, Pb), and 1800 K (Bi). For all the metals, close agreement with experiment was obtained over the whole temperature range for density, structure, bulk compression modulus, and self-diffusion coefficient. The standard deviations of model pair correlation functions (PCF) from the diffraction PCFs of gallium and lead were on the order of 0.01. As distinct from alkali metals, the calculated energy of gallium and lead models was close to actual energy over the whole temperature range, and excess electronic heat conductivity was almost unobservable. With bismuth, agreement with experiment for energy and structural characteristics was noticeably worse, which shows that the embedded atom model is less applicable to bismuth. Content Type Journal Article Category Structure of Matter and Quantum Chemistry Pages 779-790 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050056 Authors D. K. Belashchenko, National University of Science and Technology “Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys,”, Leninskii pr. 4, Moscow, 117936 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    Lycopene antioxidant activity in the presence of two different mixtures of phospholipids in hexane solution, under continuous regime of UV-irradiation from three different ranges (UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C) has been evaluated in this work. Lycopene expected role was to control lipid peroxidation, by scavenging free radicals generated by UV-irradiation, in the presence and in the absence of selected photosensitizer, benzophenone. This work shows that lycopene undergoes to UV-induced destruction (bleaching), highly dependent on the incident photons energy input, more expressed in the presence than in the absence of benzophenone. The further increase (“excess”) of its bleaching is undoubtedly related to the further increase of its antioxidant activity in the presence of benzophenone, having the same cause: increase of (phospholipids peroxidation) chain-breaking activities. Content Type Journal Article Category Chemical Kinetics and Catalysis Pages 763-774 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050093 Authors Dragan Cvetković, Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, Leskovac, 16000 Serbia Dejan Marković, Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, Leskovac, 16000 Serbia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The structure of aqua complexes of alkali metal ions Me + (H 2 O) n , n = 1−6, where Me is Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, and complexes of 2,6-dimethylphenolate anion (CH 3 ) 2 PhO − selected as a model of the elementary unit of phenol-formaldehyde ion exchanger with hydrated alkali metal cations Me + (H 2 O) n , n = 0−5, was studied by the density functional method. The energies of successive hydration of the cations and the energies of binding of alkali metal hydrated cations with (CH 3 ) 2 PhO − depending on the number of water molecules n were calculated. It was shown that the dimethylphenolate ion did not have specific selectivity with respect to cesium and rubidium ions. The energies of hydration and the energies of binding of alkali metal cations with (CH 3 ) 2 PhO − decreased in the series Li + 〉 Na + 〉 K + 〉 Rb + 〉 Cs + as n increased. The conclusion was drawn that the reason for selectivity of phenol-formaldehyde and other phenol compounds with respect to cesium and rubidium ions was the predomination of the ion dehydration stage in the transfer from an aqueous solution to the phenol phase compared with the stage of binding with ion exchange groups. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Separation Processes: Chromatography Pages 860-866 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050159 Authors S. I. Kargov, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia L. A. Shelkovnikova, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia V. A. Ivanov, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    Theoretical calculations of solvation contribution to hole energy in a polynucleotide chain give very low hole mobility values at zero temperature, μ 〈 10 −3 cm 2 /(V s). We calculated hole mobility at physiological temperature for the Poly G/Poly C DNA duplex, which gave substantially larger mobility values. Mobility over the temperature range 20–400 K was calculated. Taking stacking interaction into account substantially increased hole mobility. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Surface Phenomena Pages 832-836 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050196 Authors V. D. Lakhno, Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow oblast, Russia N. S. Fialko, Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow oblast, Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    Heat effects of the dissolution of hematoporphyrin tetramethyl ether are measured on a variable-temperature calorimeter for the first time in N,N-dimethylformamide and octanol-1 in the temperature range of 298 to 318 K. Standard enthalpies and heat capacities of dissolution of bioligand are calculated and compared to data obtained earlier for deuteroporphyrin dimethyl ether and ethyl acetate. Partial molar heat capacities of hematoporhyrin are determined at infinite dilution using data from differential scanning calorimetry. Content Type Journal Article Category Short Communications Pages 895-897 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050184 Authors A. V. Kustov, Institute of Chemistry of Solutions, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo, 153045 Russia N. L. Smirnova, Institute of Chemistry of Solutions, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo, 153045 Russia M. B. Berezin, Institute of Chemistry of Solutions, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo, 153045 Russia Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    It is shown that at a temperature of 295 K, phenol groups of phenol formaldehyde sorbents are characterized by the value p K ∼ 13.0–13.7. It is found that raising the temperature to 343 K reduces the p K value by one. It is concluded that the reason for the lower acidity of phenol formaldehyde sorbents relative to phenol in an aqueous solution is the smaller amount of firmly bound water. Content Type Journal Article Category Physical Chemistry of Surface Phenomena Pages 825-831 DOI 10.1134/S0036024412050329 Authors L. A. Shelkovnikova, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia O. T. Gavlina, Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia D. E. Vitkina, Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 127412 Russia E. I. Shkol’nikov, Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 127412 Russia V. A. Ivanov Journal Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry Online ISSN 1531-863X Print ISSN 0036-0244 Journal Volume Volume 86 Journal Issue Volume 86, Number 5

Description:    The aim of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of heat treatment guidelines, generally followed in industrial practices, about the T6 heat treatment of A356 aluminum alloy. In particular, the effect of the delay between quenching and artificial aging (pre-aging time) on microstructure, hardness, and tensile behavior was studied using specimens extracted from different locations of a cylinder head, characterized by different cooling rates and, consequently, by different secondary dendrite arm spacing values. Hardness and tensile tests confirmed the detrimental effect of pre-aging with a 20% reduction in hardness and strength after approximately 1 h of pre-aging, both for samples with fine and large SDAS. Differential scanning calorimetry analyses on samples that were solutionized, quenched, and pre-aged between 0 and 96 h, suggested that the nature and composition of the clusters formed during pre-aging, rather than their size, influenced the subsequent precipitation process and the final mechanical properties of the alloy. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-6 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0208-1 Authors Lorella Ceschini, SMETEC Department, University of Bologna, V. le Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy Alessandro Morri, SMETEC Department, University of Bologna, V. le Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy Andrea Morri, SMETEC Department, University of Bologna, V. le Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    The objective of this study is to evaluate the combined effect of sulfide and acetate on the corrosion behavior of X52 steel in a CO 2 environment. The tests were conducted in a 0.5 M NaCl solution (25 °C). Corrosion rate and behavior were investigated using the following three electrochemical techniques: (a) linear polarization resistance, (b) potentiodynamic polarization, and (c) electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The morphology of surface corrosion products were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction tests. The results show that the addition of sulfide ions decreased the corrosion rate of X52 steel sample. The inhibitive effect of sulfide ions was related to protective pyrite FeS layer on the electrode surface. Furthermore, in the presence of sulfide, acetate increased the X52 steel corrosion rate by enhancing the cathodic reaction. On the contrary, in the absence of sulfide, acetate decreased the corrosion rate of the X52 steel sample when the pH solution was increased. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-9 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0211-6 Authors M. C. Fatah, Centre for Corrosion Research, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia M. C. Ismail, Centre for Corrosion Research, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia B. Ari-Wahjoedi, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Statistical characteristics of strength distribution in ceramic components should be clarified because of large scatter in ceramics strength. Characteristics of strength distribution, however, depend on sample size, i.e., the number of tested specimens. In this study, a numerical procedure in the framework of fracture mechanics was developed to estimate strength distribution of ceramics by assuming the same statistical distribution of cracks in a material. Experimental results in four-point bending tests of alumina, which were reported in a previous work, were cited to verify the validity of the developed procedure. Smooth specimens of distinct sizes as well as notched specimens with different notch shapes were used in the experiment. Monte Carlo simulations using the developed procedure were carried out to investigate effects of the sample size on strength properties of alumina specimens with various shapes. The simulated result revealed that the experimental strength for various types of specimens was almost covered within a range of upper and lower bounds of strength simulated for the alumina. The experimental mean strength correlated with the effective volume was also included in a band range between the maximum and the minimum of mean strength obtained by the simulation. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-8 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0214-3 Authors Toshihiko Hoshide, Department of Energy Conversion Science, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501 Japan Hiroyuki Sugiyama, Department of Energy Conversion Science, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501 Japan Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Reduction in grain size in weld fusion zones (FZs) presents the advantages of increased resistance to solidification cracking and improvement in mechanical properties. Transverse mechanical arc oscillation was employed to obtain grain refinement in the weldment during tungsten inert gas welding of Al-Mg-Si alloy. Electron backscattered diffraction analysis was carried out on AA6061-AA4043 filler metal tungsten inert gas welds. Grain size, texture evolution, misorientation distribution, and aspect ratio of weld metal, PMZ, and BM have been observed at fixed arc oscillation amplitude and at three different frequencies levels. Arc oscillation showed grain size reduction and texture formation. Fine-grained arc oscillated welds exhibited better yield and ultimate tensile strengths and significant improvement in percent elongation. The obtained results were attributed to reduction in equivalent circular diameter of grains and increase in number of subgrain network structure of low angle grain boundaries. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-8 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0207-2 Authors N. S. Biradar, Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Welding and Equipment Design Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076 India R. Raman, Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Welding and Equipment Design Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076 India Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    In this paper, fatigue crack propagation life of resistance spot welds in tensile-shear specimens is investigated based on the calculation of stress intensity factors and J -integral using three-dimensional finite element method. For comparison, experimental works on 5083-O aluminum alloy spot-welded joints have been carried out to verify the numerical predictions of fatigue crack propagation of welded joints. A lot of analyses have been performed to obtain stress intensity factors and J -integral in tensile-shear specimens of spot-welded joints by using commercial software ANSYS. These gathered data have been formulated by using statistical software SPSS. The results of fatigue propagation life and predicted fatigue crack path revealed very good agreement with the experimental fatigue test data and photograph of cross-section of the fatigued spot-weld specimens. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-6 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0220-5 Authors S. Hassanifard, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran M. A. Mohtadi Bonab, University of Bonab, Bonab, Iran Gh. Jabbari, Institute of Energy and Hydro Technology, Tehran, Iran Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    This paper preliminarily investigates the general transport properties (i.e., water sorptivity, water permeability, and gas permeability) of carbon-nanotube/cement composites. Carboxyl multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are dispersed into cement mortar to fabricate the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced cement-based composites by applying ultrasonic energy in combination with the use of surfactants (sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate). Experimental results indicate that even at a very small dosage the addition of MWNTs can help decrease water sorptivity coefficient, water permeability coefficient, and gas permeability coefficient of cement mortar, which suggests that CNTs can effectively improve the durability properties of cement-based composites. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-6 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0228-x Authors Baoguo Han, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA Zhengxian Yang, Corrosion and Sustainable Infrastructure Laboratory, Western Transportation Institute, College of Engineering, Montana State University, P.O. Box 174250, Bozeman, MT 59717-4250, USA Xianming Shi, Corrosion and Sustainable Infrastructure Laboratory, Western Transportation Institute, College of Engineering, Montana State University, P.O. Box 174250, Bozeman, MT 59717-4250, USA Xun Yu, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495

Description:    Slurry erosion (SE) is commonly observed in almost all kinds of components and machineries involved in fluid (liquid) transfer and delivery. During design and development phase of these components, test rigs are usually required to evaluate their performance; however, only few detailed designs of test rigs are available for SE investigations. Among the existing designs of SE test rigs, most of them belong to rotary type. In the present study, design of a new type of SE test rig has been proposed, which is simpler in construction and working. This newly designed test rig could possibly eliminate some of the limitations (velocity-concentration interdependence and lack of acceleration distance) found in the existing set-ups. Calibration of the test rig was done for jet velocity and erodent concentration. Commissioning of the rig was undertaken by evaluating the effect of operating parameters (concentration and impingement angle) on the erosion rates of aluminum and cast iron. Results show that the rig was able to capture the traditional responses of ductile and brittle erosion behaviors being observed for these materials. Repeatability of the test rig was ensured, and the results were found to be within the acceptable error limits. Content Type Journal Article Pages 1-10 DOI 10.1007/s11665-012-0219-y Authors H. S. Grewal, School of Mechanical, Materials and Energy Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, 140001 Punjab, India Anupam Agrawal, School of Mechanical, Materials and Energy Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, 140001 Punjab, India H. Singh, School of Mechanical, Materials and Energy Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, 140001 Punjab, India Journal Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Online ISSN 1544-1024 Print ISSN 1059-9495