ALBERT

Note: N.F. entfällt ab 57.2000. - Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Ersch. ab 2000 in engl. Sprache mit dt. Hauptsacht.

Note: Enthaltener Beitrag: Russian-German cooperation SYSTEM LAPTEV SEA 2000: the Lena Delta 1998 expedition / edited by Volker Rachold and Mikhail Grigoryev with contributions of the participants , Enthaltener Beitrag: EURASIAN ICE SHEETS: expedition to the lake Lyadhej-To (Polar Urals) in July-August 1998/ by Wolf-Dieter Hermichen and Frank Wischer , Contents for "Russian-German cooperation SYSTEM LAPTEV SEA 2000: the Lena Delta 1998 expedition" 1 lntroduction 2 Expedition Itinerary 2.1 Selection of working areas 2.2 General logistics and transport 2.3 Time tables of individual working groups 2.3.1 Team 1 (Samoylov) 2.3.2 Team 2 (Dunay) 2.3.3 Team 3 (Bykovsky) 2.3.4 Team 4 (Sagastyr) 2.4 Appendix Table A2-1: List of participants Table A2-2: Participating institutions 3 Modern Processes i n Permafrost Affected Soils 3.1 General lntroduction 3.2 Investigation site ,,Samoylov' 3.3 Soils of Samoylov Island 3.3.1 Soil distribution and classification 3.3.2 Soils of the measurement sites 3.4 Energy and water balance of the active layer 3.4.1 Introduction 3.4.2 Field work and methods 3.4.3 First data 3.4.4 Future work 1999 3. 5 Trace gas fluxes in permafrost affected soils 3.5.1 Methane balance 3.5.1.1 Introduction 3.5.1 .2 Methods and fieldwork 3.5.1.3 Results of the soil survey and geological investigations 3.5.1 .4 First results of the methane gas fluxes 3.5.2 CO2-fluxes in permafrost affected soils 3.5.2.1 Introduction 3.5.2.2 Methods and fieldwork 3.5.2.3 Results 3.6 Biological investigations 3.6.1 Botanical research 3.6.2 Soil zoological research 3.6.2.1 Introduction 3.6.2.2 Field work 3.6.2.3 First results 3.6.3 Ornithological observations 3.6.3.1 Methods 3.6.3.2 Results 3.6.4 Distribution and Abundance of Birds in the Lena Delta 3.6.4.1 Introduction 3.6.4.2 Methods and materials 3.6.4.3 Results and discussion 3.7 Further investigations 3.8 References 3.9 Appendix Table A3-1 : List of samples TP 1 Table A3-2: Precipitation and water samples Table A3-3: List of species of the different measurement sites (Site 1 - 3) Table A3-4: Bird species. Lena Delta, rnid-July - August 1998 Table A3-5: Abundance of birds in the channels (inv.110 km) of the different sites of the Lena Delta List A3-1: Description of the soils along the transects of Sarnoylov Island List A3-2: Preliminary total list of plant species from the Sarnoylov Island 4 Modern Sedimentation and Environmental History of the Lena Delta 4.1 lntroduction 4.2 Modern Sedimentation in the Lena Delta 4.2.1 Recent mechanisms of particle transport in the Lena Delta 4.2.2 In-situ conditions of the water column in August 1998 4.2.3 Seasonal changes of water level in the delta region 4.3 Sedimentation and environmental history of the Lena Delta 4.3.1 Introduction 4.3.2 Samples and methods 4.3.3 Field work and preliminary results Arga Island 4.3.4 Field work and preliminary results at Olenyok channel 4.3.5 Field work and preliminary results at Sardakh channel 4.3.6 Field work and preliminary results at Samoylov Island 4.4 Geological-Geomorphological Studies in the Northern Lena River Delta 4.4.1 Introduction 4.4.2 Methods 4.4.3 Study region 4.4.4 Field work results 4.4.5 Conclusions 4.4.6 Acknowledgments 4.5 References 4.6 Appendix Table A4-1: List of stations for hydrological. sedimentological and geophysical investigations Table A4-2: List of sarnples for sedimentological and geochemical investigation Table A4-3: List of samples for Geological-Geomorphological Studies in the Northern Lena River Delta Table A4-4: List of plant species found in the northern Lena River delta 5 Paleoclimate Signals of Ice-rich Permafrost 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Geologie-geomorphological characteristics of the study area 5.3 Modern geological processes on Bykovsky Peninsula 5.4 Ground ice studies 5.4.1 Study subjects. their characteristics 5.4.2 Methods 5.4.3 Sampling conception 5.4.4 First results 5.5 Cryolithological studies 5.5.1 Methods 5.5.2 First results 5.6 Geochronometric age determination 5.7 Paleontological research On the Bykovsky Peninsula 5.7.1 Methods 5.7.2 Collection of large mammal bones 5.7.3 Collection of screened samples for small fossils 5.8 References 5.9 Appendix Table A5-1: List of water and ice samples collected on Bykovsky Peninsula during field season 1998 Table A5-2: List and description of sediment samples collected on Bykovsky Peninsula Table A5-3: List of bone samples submitted to the Radiocarbon Laboratory of the Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences Table A5-4: List of samples collected for absolute age determinations Table A5-5: List of bone samples Table A5-6: List of screened samples for small fossils from the sediments of the Bykovsky Peninsula

Note: Contents: Preface. - 1 Introduction: sedimentology and stratigraphy. - 1.1 Sedimentology and stratigraphy in Earth sciences. - 1.2 Stratigraphy and sedimentology. - 1.3 See the world in just one grain of sand. - 1.4 Processes and products. - 1.5 Sedimentary environments and facies. - 1.6 Modem and ancient sedimentary environments. - 1.7 Geographical distribution of environments and facies. - 1. 8 Changing environments and facies through time. - 1.9 The stratigraphic record and geological time. - 1.10 Earth history, global tectonics, climate and evolution. - 2 Terrigenous clastic sediments: gravel, sand and mud. - 2.1 The components of sediments and sedimentary rocks. - 2.2 Classification and nomenclature of terrigenous clastic sediments and sedimentary rocks. - 2.3 Gravel and conglomerate. - 2.4 Sand and sandstone. - 2.5 Clay, silt and mudrock. - 2.6 Description of the textures of terrigenous clastic sedimentary rocks. - 2.7 Granulometric and clast shape analysis. - 2.8 Maturity of terrigenous clastic material. - 2.9 Terrigenous clastic sediments: summary. - Further reading. - 3 Biogenic, chemical and volcanogenic sediments. - 3.1 Limestone. - 3.2 Volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks. - 3.3 Evaporite minerals. - 3.4 Cherts. - 3.5 Phosphates. - 3.6 Sedimentary ironstone. - 3.7 Carbonaceous (organic) deposits. - 3.8 The description of sedimentary rocks in hand specimen. - 3.9 Examination of sedimentary rocks under the microscope. - Further reading. - 4 Processes of transport and sedimentary structures. - 4.1 Transport media. - 4.2 The behaviour of fluids and particles in fluids. - 4.3 Flows, sediment and bedforms. - 4.4 Waves. - 4.5 Sedimentary structures in sand-mud mixtures. - 4.6 Mass flows. - 4.7 Mudcracks. - 4.8 Erosional sedimentary structures. - 4.9 Sedimentary structures and sedimentary environments. - Further reading. - 5 Environments and facies. - 5.1 Interpreting past depositional environments. - 5.2 The concept of 'facies'. - 5.3 Distribution of palaeoenvironments in time and space. - 5.4 Palaeocurrents. - 5.5 Provenance. - 5.6 Graphic sedimentary logs. - 5.7 Facies and environments: summary. - Further reading. - 6 Continents: sources of sediment and environments of deposition. - 6.1 From source of sediment to formation of strata. - 6.2 The formation of mountains and hills. - 6.3 Continental climatic regimes. - 6.4 Surface processes. - 6.5 Weathering processes. - 6.6 Erosion and transport. - 6.7 Factors which influence erosion rates. - 6.8 Continental environments of deposition. - 6.9 Continental environments: summary. - Further reading. - 7 Glaciers and ice caps. - 7.1 Formation of glaciers. - 7.2 Erosion by glaciers. - 7.3 Glacial deposits. - 7.4 Distribution of glacial deposits. - 7.5 Recognition of glacial deposits: summary. - Further reading. - 8 Arid continental depositional environments. - 8.1 Deserts. - 8.2 Wind in deserts. - 8.3 Water in a desert. - 8.4 Alluvial fans. - 8.5 Playa lakes. - 8.6 Life in the desert. - 8.7 Characteristics of the deposits of arid continental environments: summary. - Further reading. - 9 Rivers: the fluvial environment. - 9.1 River forms and patterns. - 9.2 Modern rivers. - 9.3 Floodplains. - 9.4 Ancient fluvial deposits. - 9.5 Palaeocurrents in fluvial systems. - 9.6 Fossils in fluvial environments. - 9.7 Soils and palaeosols. - 9.8 Recognition of fluvial deposits: summary. - Further reading. - 10 Lacustrine environments: fresh and saline lakes. - 10.1 Modern lakes. - 10.2 Morphology and processes in lakes. - 10.3 Lacustrine sediments and facies. - 10.4 Saline lakes. - 10.5 Life in lakes. - 10.6 Lake environments: summary. - Further reading. - 11 The marine realm: morphology and processes. - 11.1 Marine environments. - 11.2 Tides. - 11.3 Wave and storm processes. - 11.4 Thermo-haline currents. - 11.5 Divisions of the marine realm. - 11.6 Chemical and biochemical sedimentation in oceans. - 11.7 Ecology of the seas. - 11.8 Marine environments: summary. - Further reading. - 12 Deltas and estuaries. - 12.1 Deltas. - 12.2 Controls on deltas. - 12.3 Coarse-grained deltas. - 12.4 Delta 'cycles'. - 12.5 Post- and syndepositional effects on deltas. - 12.6 Recognition of deltaic deposits: summary. - 12.7 Estuaries. - 12.8 Recognition of estuarine deposits: summary. - Further reading. - 13 Coastlines: beaches, barriers and lagoons. - 13.1 Coastal environments. - 13.2 Morphological features of coastlines. - 13.3 Clastic coastlines. - 13.4 Carbonate coastlines. - 13.5 Arid coastlines. - 13.6 Recognition of coastal deposits: summary. - Further reading. - 14 Shallow seas. - 14.1 Sediment supply to shallow seas. - 14.2 Shallow marine clastic environments. - 14.3 Storm-dominated shallow clastic seas. - 14.4 Tide-dominated shallow clastic seas. - 14.5 Shallow marine carbonate environments. - 14.6 Carbonate ramps. - 14.7 Rimmed carbonate shelves. - 14.8 Epeiric, drowned and isolated carbonate platforms. - 14.9 Barred basins and saline giants. - 14.10 Criteria for the recognition of shelf sediments. - Further reading. - 15 Deep marine environments. - 15.1 Modem and ancient oceans. - 15.2 Deep marine mass flows. - 15.3 Submarine fans. - 15.4 Contourites. - 15.5 Pelagic and hemipelagic sedimentation. - 15.6 Other features of deep ocean sediments. - 15.7 Fossils in deep ocean sediments. - 15.8 Ancient deep ocean deposits. - 15.9 Recognition of deep ocean deposits: summary. - Further reading. - 16 Volcanic environments. - 16.1 Volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks. - 16.2 Lavas. - 16.3 Volcaniclastic rocks. - 16.4 Environments of deposition. - 16.5 Recognition of volcanigenic deposits: summary. - 16.6 Volcanic rocks in stratigraphy: flows, dykes and sills. - Further reading. - 17 Sediments into rocks: postdepositional processes. - 17.1 Post-depositional modification of sedimentary layers. - 17.2 Post-depositional physical and chemical processes. - 17.3 Nodules and concretions. - 17.4 Clastic diagenesis. - 17.5 Carbonate diagenesis. - 17.6 Post-depositional changes to evaporites. - 17.7 Diagenesis of volcaniclastic sedirnents. - 17.8 Formation of coal and hydrocarbons. - 17.9 Diagenetic processes: summary. - Further reading. - 18 Stratigraphy: concepts and lithostratigraphy. - 18.1 Stratigraphy and geological time. - 18.2 Chronostratigraphy. - 18.3 Physical stratigraphy. - 18.4 Lithostratigraphy. - 18.5 Lithostratigraphic nomenclature. - 18.6 Lithostratigraphy and environments. - 18.7 Lithostratigraphy and geological maps. - 18.8 Lithostratigraphy and correlation. - Further reading. - 19 Biostratigraphy. - 19.1 Strata and fossils. - 19.2 Fossils in stratigraphy. - 19.3 Taxa used in biostratigraphy. - 19.4 Correlating different environments. - 19.5 Biostratigraphic nomenclature. - 19.6 Biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy. - Further reading. - 20 Dating and correlation techniques. - 20.1 Radiometric dating. - 20.2 Magnetostratigraphy. - 20.3 Other dating methods. - 20.4 Dating in the Quaternary. - 20.5 Correlation. - Further reading. - 21 Sequence stratigraphy and sea level changes. - 21.1 Introduction. - 21.2 Depositional sequences and systems tracts. - 21.3 Facies patterns in depositional sequences. - 21.4 Sequences in carbonate depositional environments. - 21.5 Subdivision of depositional sequences and systems tracts: parasequences. - 21.6 Sequence stratigraphy and depositional environments. - 21.7 Practical sequence stratigraphy. - 21.8 Causes of sea level fluctuations. - Further reading. - 22 Subsurface stratigraphy. - 22.1 Seismic reflection profiles. - 22.2 Interpreting seismic reflections. - 22.3 Structural features on seismic profiles. - 22.4 Seismic facies. - 22.5 Relating seismic profiles to geological cross-sections. - 22.6 Borehole stratigraphy and sedimentology. - 22.7 Subsurface facies analysis. - 22.8 Use of borehole data. - Further reading. - 23 Sedimentary basins. - 23.1 Tectonics of sedimentary basins. - 23.2 Basins related to crustal extension. - 23.3 Basins related to subduction. - 23.4 Basins related to continen