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  • 2005-2009  (2,103,726)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Keywords: 185-1149A; Amphibole; Carbonates; Chlorite; Chrysotile; Clay; Clay minerals; Clinoptilolite; Comment; Depth, composite; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Diatom abundance; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Feldspar; Fish remains; Heavy minerals; Iron oxide; Joides Resolution; Leg185; Lithology/composition/facies; Manganese oxides; Mica 5Å/10Å; Nannofossil abundance; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Opaline particles; Opaque minerals; Pyroxene; Quartz; Radiolarians abundance; Sample code/label; Sand; Silicoflagellate abundance; Silt; Smear slide analysis; Sponge spiculae; Volcanic fragments; Volcanic glass
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 981 data points
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Keywords: 199-1216A; Chert; Clay; Clay minerals; Comment; Depth, composite; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Fish remains; Iron oxide; Joides Resolution; Leg199; Lithology/composition/facies; Manganese oxides; North Pacific Ocean; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Opaque minerals; Oxides; Radiolarians abundance; Sample code/label; Sand; Smear slide analysis; Tephra/volcanic ash; Zeolite
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 217 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Keywords: 207-1260A; Barite; Calcareous spicules; Calcispheres; Calcite; Carbonates; Clay minerals; Comment; Depth, composite; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Diatom abundance; Dolomite; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Fish remains; Foraminifera, benthic; Foraminifera, planktic abundance; Glauconite; Joides Resolution; Leg207; Lithology/composition/facies; Manganese oxides; Minerals; Nannofossil abundance; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Opaque minerals; Organic matter; Pellets; Phosphates; Pyrite; Quartz; Radiolarians abundance; Sample code/label; Silicoflagellate abundance; Smear slide analysis; South Atlantic Ocean; Zeolite
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1117 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Keywords: 207-1261A; Accessories; Barite; Calcispheres; Calcite; Calpionellids; Carbonates; Clay minerals; Comment; Depth, composite; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dinoflagellate abundance; Dolomite; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Fish remains; Foraminifera, planktic abundance; Glauconite; Joides Resolution; Leg207; Lithology/composition/facies; Magnetite; Manganese oxides; Micrite; Nannofossil abundance; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Opaque minerals; Organic matter; Pollen; Pyrite; Quartz; Radiolarians abundance; Sample code/label; Smear slide analysis; Volcanic glass; Walvis Ridge, Southeast Atlantic Ocean; Zeolite
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 838 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Keywords: 207-1258A; Barite; Calcispheres; Calcite; Carbonates; Clay minerals; Coccoliths; Comment; Depth, composite; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Diatom abundance; Discoaster; Dolomite; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Echinoid; Feldspar; Fish remains; Foraminifera, benthic; Foraminifera, planktic abundance; Glauconite; Joides Resolution; Leg207; Lithology/composition/facies; Manganese oxides; Mica; Minerals; Nannofossil abundance; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Opaque minerals; Organic matter; Pyrite; Quartz; Radiolarians abundance; Sample code/label; Smear slide analysis; South Atlantic Ocean; Zeolite
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1128 data points
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  • 6
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Trimborn, Scarlett; Wolf-Gladrow, Dieter A; Richter, Klaus-Uwe; Rost, Björn (2009): The effect of pCO2 on carbon acquisition and intracellular assimilation in four marine diatoms. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 376(1), 26-36, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2009.05.017
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Description: The effect of pCO2 on carbon acquisition and intracellular assimilation was investigated in the three bloom-forming diatom species, Eucampia zodiacus (Ehrenberg), Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve, Thalassionema nitzschioides (Grunow) Mereschkowsky and the non-bloom-forming Thalassiosira pseudonana (Hust.) Hasle and Heimdal. In vivo activities of carbonic anhydrase (CA), photosynthetic O2 evolution, CO2 and HCO3? uptake rates were measured by membrane-inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) in cells acclimated to pCO2 levels of 370 and 800 ?atm. To investigate whether the cells operate a C4-like pathway, activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RubisCO) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) were measured at the mentioned pCO2 levels and a lower pCO2 level of 50 ?atm. In the bloom-forming species, extracellular CA activities strongly increased with decreasing CO2 supply while constantly low activities were obtained for T. pseudonana. Half-saturation concentrations (K1/2) for photosynthetic O2 evolution decreased with decreasing CO2 supply in the two bloom-forming species S. costatum and T. nitzschioides, but not in T. pseudonana and E. zodiacus. With the exception of S. costatum, maximum rates (Vmax) of photosynthesis remained constant in all investigated diatom species. Independent of the pCO2 level, PEPC activities were significantly lower than those for RubisCO, averaging generally less than 3%. All examined diatom species operate highly efficient CCMs under ambient and high pCO2, but differ strongly in the degree of regulation of individual components of the CCM such as Ci uptake kinetics and extracellular CA activities. The present data do not suggest C4 metabolism in the investigated species.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950); Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate uptake; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated after Freeman & Hayes (1992); Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; EPOCA; Eucampia zoodiacus; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; Extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Intracellular carbonic anhydrase activity per chlorophyll a; Isotopic fractionation, during photosynthis; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light:Dark cycle; Measured by loss of 18O (Silverman, 1982); Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH meter, WTW, pH 3000; Phytoplankton; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Salinity; see reference(s); Single species; Skeletonema costatum; Species; SPP1158; Temperature, water; Thalassionema nitzschioides; Thalassiosira pseudonana
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1263 data points
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  • 7
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    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Kranz, Sven A; Sültemeyer, Dieter; Richter, Klaus-Uwe; Rost, Björn (2009): Carbon acquisition by Trichodesmium: the effect of pCO2 and diurnal changes. Limnology and Oceanography, 54(2), 548-559, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2009.54.2.0548
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Description: We investigated carbon acquisition by the N2-fixing cyanobacterium Trichodesmium IMS101 in response to CO2 levels of 15.1, 37.5, and 101.3 Pa (equivalent to 150, 370, and 1000 ppm). In these acclimations, growth rates as well as cellular C and N contents were measured. In vivo activities of carbonic anhydrase (CA), photosynthetic O2 evolution, and CO2 and HCO3- fluxes were measured using membrane inlet mass spectrometry and the 14C disequilibrium technique. While no differences in growth rates were observed, elevated CO2 levels caused higher C and N quotas and stimulated photosynthesis and N2 fixation. Minimal extracellular CA (eCA) activity was observed, indicating a minor role in carbon acquisition. Rates of CO2 uptake were small relative to total inorganic carbon (Ci) fixation, whereas HCO{3 contributed more than 90% and varied only slightly over the light period and between CO2 treatments. The low eCA activity and preference for HCO3- were verified by the 14C disequilibrium technique. Regarding apparent affinities, half-saturation concentrations (K1/2) for photosynthetic O2 evolution and HCO3- uptake changed markedly over the day and with CO2 concentration. Leakage (CO2 efflux : Ci uptake) showed pronounced diurnal changes. Our findings do not support a direct CO2 effect on the carboxylation efficiency of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) but point to a shift in resource allocation among photosynthesis, carbon acquisition, and N2 fixation under elevated CO2 levels. The observed increase in photosynthesis and N2fixation could have potential biogeochemical implications, as it may stimulate productivity in N-limited oligotrophic regions and thus provide a negative feedback in rising atmospheric CO2 levels.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, Gran titration (Gran, 1950); Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bacteria; Based on changes in chla/cells/POC/PON; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Carbon dioxide, total; Conductivity meter (WTW, Weilheim, Gemany); Cyanobacteria; EPOCA; EUR-OCEANS; European network of excellence for Ocean Ecosystems Analysis; European Project on Ocean Acidification; Experimental treatment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Mass spectrometer ANCA-SL 20-20 Europa Scientific; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate organic carbon, per cell; Particulate organic carbon content per cell, standard deviation; Particulate organic nitrogen per cell; Particulate organic nitrogen per cell, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH; pH, Electrode; pH, standard deviation; Phosphate; Phytoplankton; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Salinity; Single species; Temperature, water; Trichodesmium sp.; Walz 4pi sensor
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 96 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Description: This Doctorial Thesis investigates the fundamental problem of flow and deposition processes of unsteady, inertial flows of granular media and elucidates its implications for the behaviour of pyroclastic flows formed in explosive volcanic eruptions. A three-fold approach is followed including laboratory experiments, their theoretical analysis, and field work on the pristine pyroclastic flow deposits of the 1975 eruption of Mt. Ngauruhoe (New Zealand). The experiments are based upon the physical problem of the sudden collapse of vertical columns of granular media onto a base and their subsequent spreading behaviour. Through investigations of the pyroclastic flow deposits of the 1975 eruption of Mt. Ngauruhoe, first complete data sets of the internal structure and grain-size distribution and the morphology of the upper free surface of small-volume pyroclastic flow deposits as a function of travel distance, underlying slope and topographic confinement are presented. This detailed data set is interpreted using the experimental findings on the propagation of an internal interface, and a qualitative time- and space-dependent model on transport, segregation and deposition is developed for pyroclastic flows.
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Description: Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht, inwieweit die Photonenweglängenverteilung der durch Wolken transmittierten solaren Strahlung Informationen über die Wolkeneigenschaften enthält und sich damit zur Wolkenfernerkundung eignet. Hierzu wurden Photonenweglängen (PPL) mit dem rückwärts rechnenden Monte-Carlo-Strahlungstransportmodell MC-UNIK-BW für dreidimensional inhomogene Wolkenfelder aus hydrodynamischen Modellläufen des mesoskaligen Atmosphärenmodells GESIMA simuliert. Die stärkste Korrelation der mittleren PPL mit den 13 untersuchten Wolkeneigenschaften liegt für die optische Dicke der Wolken vor. Relativ unabhängig von dieser Beziehung zeigt sich die Verbindung der PPL zur internen Wolkeninhomogenität. Der Einfluss der Inhomogenität zeigte sich auch in dem Vergleich zwischen einer gemessenen und einer modellierten PPL. Des Weiteren stellt sich heraus, dass ein existierender Zusammenhang zwischen der PPL und den Wolkeneigenschaften für einen größeren horizontalen Bereich der Wolken Gültigkeit behält. Durch die Aufspaltung des Datensatzes an PPL-Simulationen in unterschiedliche Messsituationen ergaben sich neue Korrelationen mit zum Teil deutlichen Verbesserungen der Korrelationen im Vergleich zum gesamten Datensatz. Daneben wurde auch der Einfluss der Gasabsorption auf die resultierende PPL und die Änderung der PPL mit der Variation des Messortes in einem Wolkenfeld untersucht.
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2024-07-08
    Description: Wolken spielen im globalen Wasser- und Energiekreislauf eine bedeutende Rolle. Ständig sind rund 66% der Erde von Wolken bedeckt. Der Bedeckungsgrad variiert auf saisonalen, interannualen und interdekadischen Zeitskalen. In dieser Diplomarbeit soll neben der saisonalen Variabilität der Bedeckung auch die interannuale und interdekadische Variabilität des Bedeckungsgrades in einem gekoppelten Atmosphäre/Ozean Zirkulationsmodell ECHAM5/NEMO untersucht werden. Im weiteren werden Wechselwirkungen zwischen dem Bedeckungsgrad und anderen Klimavariablen (SST, Bodenluftdruck, Niederschlag) betrachtet. Im ersten Teil (Kapitel 5 und 6) der vorliegenden Arbeit wird zur Validierung der Modelldaten eine Vergleichsstudie mit globaler Wolkenbedeckung aus Satellitenbeobachtungen des International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) durchgeführt. Die globale Verteilung der Gesamtbedeckung im Modell folgt entsprechend den Beobachtungsdaten der für die verschiedenen Klimazonen typischen Verteilung. Es zeigen sich jedoch lokale Differenzen. So ist die globale Gesamtbedeckung im Model global um 2,46% höher als beobachtet. Die Gesamtbedeckung in den Tropen, Subtropen und Teilen der mittleren Breiten wird vom Modell unterschätzt, in den subpolaren und polaren Breiten wird diese vom Modell überschätzt. Die saisonale Variabilität des Bedeckungsgrades wird vom Modell verstärkt wiedergegeben. Diese Unterschiede wurden auch in anderen Vergleichsstudien zwischen modellierter Bedeckung in GCMs und Satellitendaten gefunden. Der zweite Teil (Kapitel 7) dieser Diplomarbeit beschreibt Korrelationsanalysen zwischen dem Bedeckungsgrad und der SST sowie dem Bodenluftdruck. Anhand dieser Korrelationsanalysen werden Aussagen über gemeinsame Variabilitäten getroffen. Ziel ist es, Wechselwirkungen aufzuzeigen. Im Vergleich zwischen modellierter und beobachteter SST zeigen sich Abweichungen von bis zu 6 K. Ein Vergleich von Korrelationen zwischen Bedeckungsgrad und SST sowohl mit Modelldaten als auch mit Beobachtungsdaten zeigt jedoch, dass die Haupkorrelationsmuster vom Modell wiedergegeben werden. Jedoch können aufgrund der gröberen Auflösung im Modell kleinskalige Wechselwirkungen nicht im Detail wiedergegeben werden. Neben der SST nimmt der Bodenluftdruck starken Einfluss auf die Wolkenbedeckung. Muster hoher Korrelationen stimmen jedoch nur bedingt mit der klimatologischen Verteilung des Bodenluftdrucks und seinen Drucksystemen (Hochdruckgebiete, Tiefdruckgebiete) überein. Im dritten Teil (Kapitel 8) dieser Arbeit wird die Variabilität der Wolkenbedeckung auf verschiedenen vertikalen Leveln im Zusammenhang mit der Variabilität der Oberflächentemperatur und dem Bodenlufdruck untersucht. So kann gezeigt werden, dass Rahmenbedingungen am Boden wie Luftdruck und Temperatur mit Wolken in unterschiedlichen Höhen unterschiedlich stark wechselwirken. Im weiteren wird deutlich, dass sich der Anteil der Variabilität des Gesamtbedeckungsgrades aus Variabilitäten in unterschiedlichen Höhen und somit unterschiedlichen Wolkentypen zusammensetzt. Im letzten Teil (Kapitel 9 und 10) werden Rückkopplungen zwischen dominanten Mustern regionaler Klimavariabilität, ENSO und NAO, in Hinblick auf die Variabilität des Bedeckungsgrades untersucht.
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
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