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  • nature conservation
  • 2015-2019  (109)
  • 2000-2004  (4)
  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1970-1974  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Landscape ecology 10 (1995), S. 41-50 
    ISSN: 1572-9761
    Keywords: Red Data Book ; status of biotopes ; regeneration ability ; nature conservation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The proposed criteria system should be able to describe the status of biotopes and biotope complexes as exactly as possible and it should provide useful guidelines for nature conservation. The given proposal includes two criteria to estimate the threat of biotopes: 1. threat by destruction (loss of area); 2. threat by qualitative changes (creeping degradation/destruction of certain variants); supplemented by a third criterion: 3. assessment of regeneration ability. The categories and their definitions use basically the criteria system developed for the National Red Data Book of Species (Blab et al. 1984) but adjusted to the special needs of biotope evaluation. The first steps to realise a National Red Data Book of Biotopes are described and the limitations in the use in nature conservation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1572-9753
    Keywords: Coenonympha glycerion ; Lasiommata megera ; Ukraine ; habitat analysis ; grazing ; nature conservation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract The effects of large-scale cattle grazing by herdsmen (Allmende) on the populations of two butterfly species, Coenonympha glycerion and Lasiommata megera, were analysed on a study plot in the foothills of the Eastern Carpathians, Republic of Ukraine, in the summer and autumn of 1995. In all, 280 individuals of C. glycerion (115 females) and 230 individuals of L. megera (61 females) were individually marked. At recapture rates of 35 to 39%, maximum population size was calculated at 410 and 434 individuals. C. glycerion reacted to high densities by shifting to smaller neighbouring habitats. An increased emigration rate was recorded for L. megera when the population maximum was reached.Both species essentially require habitats formed by the activity of cattle. C. glycerion significantly preferred south facing woodland margins, close to moderately and infrequently grazed grassland. Heavily grazed areas were avoided. L. megera mainly occupied well-trod cattle paths or landslips with rather sparse vegetation, induced by cattle. Preferred habitats are characterized by linear structures for patrolling, steep slope areas and a wide range of nectar resources. Smaller, sporadically used cattle paths did not show these features and were occupied mainly by males at times of high population densities. Both species depend on patchy habitat mosaics which will be lost by intensification as well as by a complete cessation of grazing. The low-intensity, large-scale system utilized in the Eastern Carpathians is therefore favourable to both species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biodiversity and conservation 4 (1995), S. 929-937 
    ISSN: 1572-9710
    Keywords: protected areas ; management choices ; nature conservation ; policy objectives ; Natural Areas ; intergrated land use
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: There are two main designations of ‘protected’ areas in the UK-nature reserves, of various kinds, and special nature conservation areas, known as Sites of Special Scientific Interest. General approaches to choices of priorities and the resolution of conflict in the management of these areas are described and difficulties identified. Similar problems arise when considering the wider role of ‘protected’ areas in national nature conservation policies, e.g. biodiversity targets and European Habitats and Species Directive objectives. Because choices and priorities stem from underlying values, the public must be involved in the identification of objectives for both ‘protected’ areas and the rest of the land surface. The Natural Areas programme being developed by English Nature provides a mechanism whereby people may be involved in characterising the wildlife of ‘their’ area and in identifying targets for its maintenance and enhancement. The use of land and the management practices associated with it are the major factors influencing the nature conservation value of ‘protected’ areas and their wider context.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental and resource economics 16 (2000), S. 363-378 
    ISSN: 1573-1502
    Keywords: nature conservation ; project evaluation ; The Netherlands
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Recent literature shows a lively debate on how tocapture ecological and environmental aspects indifferent evaluation methods and the closely relatedissue of the (im)possibilities of monetization ofthese aspects. Although economists in general tend tofavour Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) aboveMulti-Criteria Analysis (MCA), part of the literaturesuggests that CBA falls short of being the onlydecision-making device for environmental problems,both for theoretical and practical reasons. This paperdiscusses both evaluation methods and the main resultsof a major, publicly-financed nature conservationproject in The Netherlands. The evaluation method combines the straightforwardnessof CBA with the flexibility of MCA. Conceptually, itconsists of a MCA, the net result of a CBA beingintegrated as one of the criteria. The differentaspects of the nature conservation project that can bemonetized are incorporated into the CBA. Otheraspects such as changes in biodiversity or scenicbeauty are analysed in their own dimension,provided (cardinal) quantification is possible. Infact, the analysis consists of a very simple MCA, withtwo criteria: social costs and a quantitative measureof nature. Quantifying the amount of nature in its own,non-monetary dimension is a key element of theempirical analysis. A detailed quantitative estimateis made of the improvement of nature, based upon 564species and 131 different ecosystems. The result ofthe evaluation is a trade-off at the national levelbetween ecological improvements (plus 18 percent) andsocial costs (DFl. 3.4 billion net present value). Dueto the detailed quantification of the effect on naturethe evaluation also yields results about thecost-effectiveness of four different instruments tocreate and to preserve nature. That part of theanalysis shows that complete withdrawal ofagricultural land for nature purposes in the projectin general is more cost-effective than subsidizingnature-friendly farming, although the former is moreexpensive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    GeoJournal 52 (2000), S. 61-69 
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Keywords: social geography ; political ecology ; nature conservation ; protected areas ; NGOs ; Brazil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Notes: Abstract Protected areas are considered some of the most versatile as well as important instruments of nature conservation and environmental policies. The `classic' model of nature conservation aims at the isolation of large areas in order to preserve their `pristine' nature from human interference. However, the transfer of this model to developing countries led to serious conflicts with local people. From a socio-geographical viewpoint, protected areas can be understood as regulative tools for the shaping and controlling of space. This approach helps to recognise the influence of distinct modes of appropriation of space and nature on the emergence and course of conflicts. In the present article it is used to analyse the leading role played by Brazilian NGOs in the transformation of the classic model of protected area management at the beginning of the nineties. Two case studies – dealing with the implementation of the Amazonian Mamirauá Reserve and with the reform of the Brazilian protected area legislation – are used to illustrate not only the success of the new approaches, but also the expectations and contradictions which surround the future development of protected areas in Brazil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biodiversity and conservation 9 (2000), S. 1099-1113 
    ISSN: 1572-9710
    Keywords: government research ; nature conservation ; plant and animal ecology ; research councils ; United Kingdom
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract There is no lack of pretext for reviewing historically how ecologists have striven to gain the respect of scholars in their own and other fields, and to demonstrate the wider public-utility of their science. If self-serving, in terms of securing the scope and resources required to advance their studies in ecology, such activities have also been encouraged, and indeed commissioned, in the belief that a greater awareness and understanding of the natural world is essential for human wellbeing. Illustrative material is drawn from the British experience.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biodiversity and conservation 9 (2000), S. 309-332 
    ISSN: 1572-9710
    Keywords: alienation from nature ; mangrove ; nature conservation ; public awareness ; Singapore
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The coastal habitats in Singapore, in particular the mangrove and the adjacent wetland areas, are rapidly being destroyed and degraded due to development and its side effects. For successful securing of the future of the mangroves, public awareness of mangroves and politically and publicly supported, integrated conservation programmes are needed. However, due to the lack of public awareness about the pressing issue of nature conservation and the insufficiency in the understanding of the importance of mangroves by decision-makers, plans and actions for the conservation of the remaining mangroves have been scarce and inadequate. This manuscript will give a brief introduction to mangroves in Southeast Asia, and summarise the history of the development of mangrove areas in Singapore and the current situation pertaining to natural habitats and conservation in Singapore. It will point out the inadequacy of mangrove conservation thus far in Singapore, highlight the paucity of baseline data pertaining to mangroves in Southeast Asia, discuss the problems stemming from the lack of public awareness, argue for the conservation of Singapore's remaining mangroves and propose conservation strategies and local and regional research directions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In memoriam Dr Silke Velty (1973 – 2007) - Summary of her PhD thesis and obituary
    Description: In memoriam Dr. Silke Velty (1973 – 2007) - Zusammenfassung ihrer Dissertation und Nachruf
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; fen ; Niedermoor ; Moor ; Wiedervernässung ; nature conservation ; Nährstoffe ; nutrients ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Abstract: The „Schlichtes Moor“ kettle-hole mire is one of the few remaining undisturbed extremely deep mires in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Hydrological and stratigraphic investigations provided data to interpret how the mire developed, its status, and how the mire is recharged with water. The mire has a thickness of more than 20 m in the centre. Since the Subboreal, it has primarily been forming moss peat and sphagnum peat at a rate of more than 4 mm/year. The mire is recharged with water via precipitation, surface runoff, interflow and groundwater. The evaluation of groundwater and mire water hydrographs revealed evidence for the hydrogenetic kettle-hole mire type. The thick, very aqueous peat retains the water well and thus enables the bog to withstand limit dry periods. However, the results of the stratigraphic investigations, and the topographic-hydrological situation, reveal that the Schlichte Moor has already reached an advanced stage of development, so that longer arid periods can lead to the formation of woodland. After a number of dry years, birches have grown in the southern part of the mire since the mid 1990s, although the northern part with the valuable „coloured sphagnum moss lawn“ is still largely free of trees. The further development of the trees must be observed, but conservation work involving the removal of birches is not prudent at the present time, and could even exacerbate the negative developments from a nature conservation point of view.
    Description: Zusammenfassung: Das Kesselmoor „Schlichtes Moor“ gehört zu den wenigen noch naturnahen, extrem tiefgründigen Mooren in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Hydrologische und stratigraphische Untersuchungen ergaben Aussagen zu Moorentwicklung, Moorzustand und Wasserspeisung des Moores. Die Moormächtigkeit erreicht im Zentrum mehr als 20 m. Seit dem Subboreal wurden v.a. Laubmoos- und Torfmoostorfe gebildet, die Moorbildungsrate übersteigt 4 mm/Jahr. Die Wasserspeisung des Moores erfolgt über Niederschlag, Oberflächen- und Zwischenabfluss sowie Grundwasser. Die Auswertung von Grund- und Moorwasserganglinien erbrachten den Nachweis für den hydrogenetischen Moortyp Kesselmoor. Die mächtigen, sehr wässrigen Torfe bilden einen guten Wasserspeicher und ermöglichen dem Moor, für einen begrenzten Zeitraum auch Trockenphasen zu überstehen. Das Schlichte Moor hat jedoch nach den stratigraphischen Untersuchungen und den topographisch-hydrologischen Voraussetzungen ein Entwicklungsstadium erreicht, in dem längere Trockenphasen zu einer Gehölzentwicklung führen können. Nach einer Reihe von Trockenjahren sind im Südteil des Moores seit Mitte der 1990er Jahre Birken aufgewachsen, der Nordteil mit wertvollen „Bunten Torfmoosrasen“ blieb jedoch weitgehend ohne Gehölze. Die weitere Entwicklung der Gehölzbestände muss beobachtet werden, Pflegemaßnahmen wie die Entnahme der Birken sind aktuell jedoch nicht sinnvoll und können eine aus Naturschutzsicht negative Entwicklung sogar verstärken.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; nature conservation ; Moor ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Abstract: This report appends the first 10 years audit from 2007. We write here about the conclusion of the re-inundation phase and also regarding further phases of the moor formation, regeneration and our continuing evaluation. The vegetation at differing water levels is analyzed for indication of variation in the nutrient supply and it is thus determined whereabouts the terrace layer influences the flora zone, resulting in the familiar pattern of moor regeneration. Hydrological, trophological and floristic aspects are integrated in our study in which we have observed a selection of indicator plants over the three development phases or found them in later stages. Our conclusion is that during this second development decade the terrace step zone is now beyond the re-inundation phase, this is perceived as a significantly important development, where the continuing water abatement at higher situated vegetation zones reduces the nutrient content. Upon the hanging layers of such a retrogressive area especially the developed terraces of a `Hanging Moor` whose outer depressions and declivities furnish evidence of a number of indicator species of which there is at least a fragmentary return of valuable specific plant societies of the alkali poor Niedermoores (eg. Caricetum rostr.) as well as the heath – grassy hillock association around the principal turf producing mosses of the indigenous rain moors (“Regenmoore”) recently formed: Spaghnum papillosum and Sphagnum magellanicum.
    Description: Zusammenfassung: Dieser Bericht setzt eine erste 10-Jahres-Bilanz von 2007 fort, in dem wir hier über das Ende der Wiedervernässung hinaus weitere Phasen der Moorentwicklung dokumentieren und bewerten. Die vom Moorwasserstand ausdifferenzierte Vegetation untersuchen wir nach Anzeichen für Veränderungen in der Nährstoff-Versorgung (Oligotrophikation) und prüfen, ob und wo Terrassen-Lagen Vegetationszonen entstehen lassen, die auf bekannte Formen der Moor-Regenerierung schließen lassen. Hydrologisch, trophologisch und floristisch akzentuierte Aspekte verbindet unsere Darstellung, indem wir eine Auswahl aussagekräftiger Indikatoren als „Zeiger-Pflanzen“ über drei Entwicklungs-Phasen hin verfolgen oder als späte Rückkehrer herausstellen. Unter den Ergebnissen dieser zweiten Entwicklungs-Dekade ragt heraus, dass sich die terrassierten Gelände-Stufen über die Phase der Wiedervernässung hinaus dort als erkennbar wichtig erweisen, wo der fortgesetzte Wasserabfluss höher gelegene Vegetationszonen aushagern lässt. Auf den Hanglagen solcher Abzugsgebiete, insbesondere auf einer als „Hangmoor“ ausgebildeten Terrasse des äusseren Mulden-Hanges belegt eine größere Zahl von Indikator-Arten die zumindest fragmentarische Rückkehr wertbestimmender Gesellschaften des basenarmen Niedermoores (z. B. Caricetum rostratum) wie auch der Heide-Bult-Gesellschaften um die Haupt-Torfbildner hiesiger Regenmoore jüngeren Datums: Sphagnum papillosum und Sph. magellanicum.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; mire ; peatland ; vegetation ; nature conservation ; Wiedervernässung ; fen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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