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  • Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme  (45)
  • Collège de France  (12)
  • French  (57)
  • 2020-2024  (57)
  • 2023  (57)
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  • 2020-2024  (57)
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  • 1
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    Collège de France
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Pour imaginer l’avenir du monde numérique, considérer la technologie seule ne suffit pas : nous devons penser nos interactions avec elle. Domaine de recherche visant à augmenter les capacités humaines grâce à celles de la machine, l’interaction humain-machine pose une question fondamentale : comment faire en sorte que les ordinateurs répondent, en toutes circonstances, aux besoins des personnes qui les utilisent ? Wendy E. Mackay nous guide dans l’exploration de ce vaste champ de réflexion, en nous présentant les fondements théoriques et les défis d’un domaine multidisciplinaire qui puise aussi bien dans les sciences naturelles et sociales que dans l’informatique, l’ingénierie et la conception.
    Keywords: informatique ; ordinateur ; sciences numériques ; interaction humain-machine ; numérique ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology
    Language: French
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  • 2
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    Collège de France
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: Depuis une dizaine d’années, les recherches menées sur la nature de la connaissance philosophique, le défi de l’intégration, et la connaissance des essences se sont beaucoup enrichies. En faisant appel à des philosophes engagés sur ces sujets, cet ouvrage se donne pour ambition de faire le point sur ces recherches brûlantes et d’en dégager les perspectives. On s’interrogera sur les relations entre connaissance métaphysique et connaissance philosophique, sur la nature des essences et sur leur connaissance, sur les liens entre essences et modalités, sur la place que joue, pour élucider celles-ci, une réflexion sur l’essentialisme et sur les espèces naturelles, sans oublier la manière dont doit se faire l’articulation entre les formes a priori et a posteriori de la connaissance.
    Keywords: metaphysics ; epistemology ; epistemology of modality ; essence ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy::HPJ Philosophy: metaphysics & ontology ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTJ Philosophy: metaphysics and ontology
    Language: French
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Pour préserver la biodiversité et les nombreux services qu’elle nous rend, nous devons comprendre comment elle s’est formée et quels sont les facteurs jouant sur sa dynamique. La théorie de l’évolution par sélection naturelle offre un paradigme très puissant pour expliquer pourquoi le monde vivant est tel qu’il est, comment la biodiversité se forme, quelle est sa dynamique, et enfin comment les populations arrivent à s’adapter ou non à un environnement changeant. Face à la menace du changement climatique et au déclin rapide de la biodiversité qu’il entraîne, les sciences de l’écologie et de l’évolution sont essentielles pour mesurer l’ampleur de la crise actuelle et ses conséquences sur les sociétés humaines.
    Keywords: environnement ; écologie ; biodiversité ; génétique ; changement climatique ; adaptation ; évolution ; sciences du vivant ; écosystèmes ; reproduction ; services écosystémiques ; sélection naturelle ; sciences de l'écologie ; sciences de l'évolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology::RNCB Biodiversity ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNK Conservation of the environment
    Language: French
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  • 4
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    Collège de France
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Dans les années 1920, une théorie mathématique (la diagonalisation des matrices) et une question physique (la détermination du spectre des atomes), nées indépendamment, se sont rejointes pour donner naissance à la mécanique quantique et à la branche des mathématiques appelée « théorie spectrale ». Celle-ci intervient dans toute équation d’évolution linéaire, dont elle décompose les solutions en une superposition de solutions stationnaires dites « modes propres », qui vibrent à des « fréquences propres » : ces fréquences constituent le « spectre ». Située à l’intersection de plusieurs communautés mathématiques, la géométrie spectrale vise à comprendre le lien entre la géométrie initiale d’un objet et son spectre de vibration. L’auteure entreprend de retracer l’histoire de ce domaine très actif à travers quelques grands thèmes de recherche passés et actuels.
    Keywords: mathématiques ; géométrie spectrale ; physique quantique ; sciences ; spectre ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHQ Quantum physics (quantum mechanics and quantum field theory)
    Language: French
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  • 5
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    Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This work presents the findings of research conducted from 1988 to 1993 near the étang de Berre. On the basis of systematic surveying, soundings and the excavation of a Gallo - Roman establishment,F Trément situates the major sites of Saint-Blaise and the Fossæ Marianæ in a globally and dynamically perceived space. Using earth and life sciences (geomorphology, sedimentology, palynology…). and with recourse to texts and iconography, the archaeologist broadens his focus, to encompass the landscape in its entirety. This microregion is characterised by numerous closed depressions, which explain the high population density during the Neolithic, the Iron Age and in Antiquity, and constitute sedimentary records of the evolution of the surroundings. The author seeks to understand how the successive waterside communities adapted to this shifting and harsh environment, how they appropriated the space and set about exploiting it, more or less consciously, leaving their mark, more or less enduring.
    Keywords: Âge du Fer, Antiquité, France méridionale, habitat rural, milieux humides, occupation du sol, paléoenvironnement, prospection au sol. ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology
    Language: French
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  • 6
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    Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The results of the excavation, undertaken in Nîmes from 1966 to 1992, of the sites of the Marseillaise, the Villégiales des Bénédictins, the Hesperides and the Fontaine des Bénédictins, make it possible to follow the evolution of the Bénédictins district from the neolithic to the present day. Near a pre-roman oppidum, on the slopes of mount Cavalier, this area was occupied from the end of the sixth century BC, later finding itself at the heart of the old town after construction of the atywall during Augustus reign. No longer an urban area from the second century AD onwards, it remained rural until the eighteenth century.Organised according to a framework which respected the relief, with both water supply system and drainage, this district contained a group of houses whose plans, construction details, decoration and domestic finds are studied both individually and from a socio-economic point of view.
    Keywords: urbanisme ; habitat ; archéologie urbaine ; paléoenvironnement ; Narbonnaise ; décor ; équipement urbain ; domus ; architecture privée ; technique de construction ; domestique ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology
    Language: French
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  • 7
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    Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Three Upper Palaeolithic sites have been discovered during the construction of the A5 motorway between Melun and Troyes.Marolles-sur-Seine, in the Seine-et-Mame area, is related to the other Magdaleman sites discovered in the Paris basin. The excellent preservation of the finds (silex, animal bones, heated stones) has made possible a palaeoethnological study of this horse hunting site, a type of research rarely possible in a rescue excavation Technological analysis of the lithic from Lailly (Aungnacian), in the Yonne area, and Fontvannes (Perigordian ?), in the Aube area, has revealed the production techniques for three kinds of artefacts blades, flakes and bladelets. These two sites increase the importance of the Vanne valley in the understanding of occupation of the south east of the Paris basin.Following the publication about the Middle Palaeolithic sites of the Sens area (dAf number 47), this volume renews the study of early Prehistory in this region
    Keywords: archéozoologie ; technologie lithique ; Bassin parisien ; sédimentologie ; Tardiglaciaire ; Magdalénien ; vallée de la Vanne ; lithostratigraphie ; Aurignacien ; confluence Seine-Yonne ; campement ; microstratigraphie ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology
    Language: French
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  • 8
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    Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Archaeological research carried out in Lyon since 1971 at three major sites, the cathedral complex and the churches and graveyards of Saint-Just and Saint-Laurent-de-Choulans, has changed our understanding of the topography of the town during the early Christian period. Lyon, federal capital of the Cauls and later capital of the Burgundian kings. was from the IVth to VIIIth centuries an ecclesiastical centre of prime importance. The remains oftwo churches and of a baptistery forming an épiscopal group (one of the first to be completely excavated). the basilicas built on the tombs of saints and the graveyards, are evidence of the creation of a new Christian architecture, respecting antique traditions, and of the Christianisation of funerary practices. Thorough analysis of the archaeological evidence, confronted with archivai sources and documents, confirms the vitality and prestige of Lugdunum christianum.
    Keywords: Lyon, Antiquité tardive, paléochrétien, topographie, ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology
    Language: French
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  • 9
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    Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: From 1995 to 1997, four early medieval sites were excavated in the Fougères region as part of archaeological research work carried out prior to the construction of the A84 motarway. As the sites all date from the same period, a comprehensive research plan was implemented from the outset, with special emphasis on paleo-environmental analysis and examination of pottery finds. Examination of the three Carolingian settlement sites, as well as a ford from the same period, reveals an organised, interactive approach to environmental management of the surrounding lands (land division, ditch Systems. tracks, development of a peatcovered valley floor), which were developed and systematically exploited from the 7th to 10th century. The present volume provides a significant contribution to our understanding of early medieval rural settlements in Brittany, an area of study which has hitherto received little attention from archaeologists The research is enhanced by an analysis of bio-archaeological data from the sites, showing the impact of agro-pastoral activities on the landscape and vegetation in nearby areas.
    Keywords: habitat rural ; zone humide ; gué ; four ; parcellaire ; silo ; haut Moyen Âge ; avoine ; sablière ; solin ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology
    Language: French
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  • 10
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    Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Vestiges of Gallo-Roman workshops that were in activity between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD in the city of Augustodunum were found in the course of work carried out at the Lycée militaire in Autun. The workshop buildings are described in detail and situated in their urban setting. The different crafts activities are studied closely: metalworking with copper and iron alloys, ceramics, crafts of bone. This work has enhanced our knowledge of the chain of production in metallurgical crafts in particular. Fresh data on the manufacture of common objects such as brass fibulae and bells of bronze coated iron sheet is obtained from the analysis of mould fragments, of furnace remains and of forge slag and waste. Crafts emerge as a major feature of the economy in the city of the Aedui, according to processes already identified at Bibracte. The rich documentation of this work constitutes a significant contribution to research on crafts in ancient times.
    Keywords: urbanisme ; Bourgogne ; fer ; peinture murale ; bronze ; rempart ; archéométallurgie ; îlot ; artisanat céramique ; travail de l’os ; période galloromaine ; 1er-Ille s. ap. J.-C. ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NK Archaeology
    Language: French
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