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  • bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine  (987)
  • CO2
  • English  (1,035)
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  • 1
    Keywords: carbon ; CO2
    Description / Table of Contents: 06 Editorial: Deep Carbon in Earth: Early Career Scientist Contributions to the Deep Carbon Observatory / Donato Giovannelli, Benjamin A. Black, Alysia D. Cox and Cody S. Sheik --- Carbon Degassing at Volcanoes --- 08 Relationship between Diffuse CO2 Degassing and Volcanic Activity. Case Study of the Poás, Irazú, and Turrialba Volcanoes, Costa Rica / Matthieu Epiard, Geoffroy Avard, J. Maarten de Moor, María Martínez Cruz, Gustav Barrantes Castillo and Henriette Bakkar --- 22 Soil CO2 Degassing Path along Volcano-Tectonic Structures in the Pico-Faial-São Jorge Islands (Azores Archipelago, Portugal) / Fátima Viveiros, Márcio Marcos, Carlos Faria, João L. Gaspar, Teresa Ferreira and Catarina Silva --- The Deep Earth --- 40 Transformations and Decomposition of MnCO3 at Earth’s Lower Mantle Conditions / Eglantine Boulard, Yijin Liu, Ai L. Koh, Mary M. Reagan, Julien Stodolna, Guillaume Morard, Mohamed Mezouar and Wendy L. Mao --- 49 Structure and Dynamics of Confined C-O-H Fluids Relevant to the Subsurface: Application of Magnetic Resonance, Neutron Scattering, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations / Siddharth S. Gautam, Salim Ok and David R. Cole --- 68 An Experimental Study of the Carbonation of Serpentinite and Partially Serpentinised Peridotites / Alicja M. Lacinska, Michael T. Styles, Keith Bateman, Matthew Hall and Paul D. Brown --- Activity of Subsurface Communities --- 88 Improved Measurement of Extracellular Enzymatic Activities in Subsurface Sediments Using Competitive Desorption Treatment / Adrienne Hoarfrost, Rachel Snider and Carol Arnosti --- 99 Microbial Sulfide Filter along a Benthic Redox Gradient in the Eastern Gotland Basin, Baltic Sea / Mustafa Yücel, Stefan Sommer, Andrew W. Dale and Olaf Pfannkuche --- 115 Electron Transfer between Electrically Conductive Minerals and Quinones / Olga Taran --- 128 Reactivation of Deep Subsurface Microbial Community in Response to Methane or Methanol Amendment / Pauliina Rajala and Malin Bomberg --- 141 Response of Deep Subsurface Microbial Community to Different Carbon Sources and Electron Acceptors during ~2 months Incubation in Microcosms / Lotta Purkamo, Malin Bomberg, Mari Nyyssönen, Lasse Ahonen, Ilmo Kukkonen and Merja Itävaara --- 155 Guar Gum Stimulates Biogenic Sulfide Production at Elevated Pressures: Implications for Shale Gas Extraction / Sophie L. Nixon, Leanne Walker, Matthew D. T. Streets, Bob Eden, Christopher Boothman, Kevin G. Taylor and Jonathan R. Lloyd --- Serpentinization and the Carbon Cycle --- 166 Serpentinization-Influenced Groundwater Harbors Extremely Low Diversity Microbial Communities Adapted to High pH / Katrina I. Twing, William J. Brazelton, Michael D. Y. Kubo, Alex J. Hyer, Dawn Cardace, Tori M. Hoehler, Tom M. McCollom and Matthew O. Schrenk --- 182 Methane Dynamics in a Tropical Serpentinizing Environment: The Santa Elena Ophiolite, Costa Rica / Melitza Crespo-Medina, Katrina I. Twing, Ricardo Sánchez-Murillo, William J. Brazelton, Thomas M. McCollom and Matthew O. Schrenk --- Carbon Through Space and Time --- 196 Evaluating the Role of Seagrass in Cenozoic CO2 Variations / Marco Brandano, Marco Cuffaro, Giovanni Gaglianone, Patrizio Petricca, Vincenzo Stagno and Guillem Mateu-Vicens --- 205 The Hyperarid Core of the Atacama Desert, an Extremely Dry and Carbon Deprived Habitat of Potential Interest for the Field of Carbon Science / Armando Azua-Bustos, Carlos González-Silva and Gino Corsini --- Building a Carbon Network --- 211 Weaving a Knowledge Network for Deep Carbon Science / Xiaogang Ma, Patrick West, Stephan Zednik, John Erickson, Ahmed Eleish, Yu Chen, Han Wang, Hao Zhong and Peter Fox
    Pages: Online-Ressource (221 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9782889453634
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Unknown
    Rijeka : InTech
    Keywords: Carbon capture and storage ; CCS ; CO2 ; CO2 capture
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Development of a State-of-the-Art Dry Low NOx Gas Turbine Combustor for IGCC with CCS by Tomohiro Asai, Yasuhiro Akiyama and Satoschi Dodo --- Chapter 2: Modeling and Evaluation of a Coal Power Plant with Biomass Cofiring and CO2 Capture by Dumitru Cebrucean, Viorica Cebrucean and Ioana Ionel --- Chapter 3: Membrane Separation Technology in Carbon Capture by Guozhao Ji and Ming Zhao --- Chapter 4: Emerging New Types of Absorbents for Postcombustion Carbon Capture by Quan Zhuang, Bruce Clements and Bingyun Li --- Chapter 5: Bio-inspired Systems for Carbon Dioxide Capture, Sequestration and Utilization by Gonçalo V. S. M. Carrera, Luís C. Branco and Manuel Nunes da Ponte --- Chapter 6: Synergistic Effect on CO2 Capture by Binary Solvent System by Quan Zhuang and Bruce Clements --- Chapter 7: Maximizing Soil Carbon Sequestration: Assessing Procedural Barriers to Carbon Management in Cultivated Tropical Perennial Grass Systems by Jon M. Wells, Susan E. Crow, Manyowa N. Meki, Carlos A. Sierra, Kimberly M. Carlson, Adel Youkhana, Daniel Richardson and Lauren Deem --- Chapter 8: Relationship Between Mineral Soil Surface Area and Carbon Sequestration Rate for Biosolids Added to Soil by Dongqi Wen, Wenjuan Zhai and Kenneth E. Noll --- Chapter 9: CO2 Conversion to Chemicals and Fuel for Carbon Utilization by Wonjun Cho, Hyejin Yu and Yonggi Mo --- Chapter 10: Challenges Associated with CO2 Sequestration and Hydrocarbon Recovery by Rouzbeh Ghanbarnezhad Moghanloo, Xu Yan, Gregory Law, Soheil Roshani, Garrett Babb and Wesley Herron --- Chapter 11: Economics of Carbon Capture and Storage by John C. Bergstrom and Dyna Ty
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535130062
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Keywords: carbon emission ; low-carbon economy ; greenhouse gas ; CO2
    Description / Table of Contents: Companies are increasingly aware of the need to address climate change. However, while many companies are taking action to address climate change, many others are still lagging behind. This report surveys responsible business practices addressing climate change and driving the shift to a low-carbon economy. It summarises policies, regulations and other instruments in support of a low-carbon economy in OECD countries and emerging economies, and analyses corporate responses to these drivers. Using the principles of responsible business conduct identified in the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, this report reviews three key areas of corporate action: accounting for greenhouse gas emissions; achieving emissions reductions; and engaging suppliers, consumers and other stakeholders.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (113 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789264090231
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Keywords: CO2 ; greenhouse gas emissions
    Description / Table of Contents: The reconciliation of economic development, social justice and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is one of the biggest political challenges of the moment. Strategies for mitigating CO2 emissions on a large scale using sequestration, storage and carbon technologies are priorities on the agendas of research centres and governments. Research on carbon sequestration is the path to solving major sustainability problems of this century a complex issue that requires a scientific approach and multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary technology, plus a collaborative policy among nations. Thus, this challenge makes this book an important source of information for researchers, policymakers and anyone with an inquiring mind on this subject.
    Pages: Online-Ressource (470 Seiten)
    ISBN: 9789535112259
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This book is comprised of important reviews and cutting-edge original research papers concerning electrospun and electrosprayed formulations in drug delivery. Electrospinning and electrospraying have, in recent years, attracted increasing attention in the pharmaceutical sector, with research in the area advancing rapidly. It is now possible to prepare extremely complex systems using multi-fluid processes, and to increase production rates to an industrial scale. Electrospun formulations can be produced under GMP conditions and are in clinical trials. In this volume, we explore a range of topics around electrospinning and electrospraying in controlled drug delivery. Four reviews cover the exciting potential of cyclodextrin-containing fibers and the many potential biomedical applications of electrospun fibers. The use of electrospinning to prepare amorphous systems and improve the dissolution rate and solubility of poorly soluble active ingredients is addressed, and the possibilities of such materials in tissue engineering are comprehensively covered. The six original research papers cover the effect of molecular properties on API release from Eudragit-based electrospun fibers; ferulic acid solid dispersions; electrospun medicines to treat psoriasis; scale up of electrospinning and its use to produce low-dose tablets; transepithelial permeation of drugs released from electrospun fibers, and the possibilities for the synergistic chemophotothermal treatment of cancer.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RM1-950 ; tissue engineering ; cyclodextrin ; permeability ; poly (vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) ; crystalline ; antibacterial ; drug delivery ; homogenization ; capsaicin ; combination therapy ; high-shear mixing ; cyclodextrin-inclusion complexes ; amorphous ; high-speed electrospinning ; PMVE/MA ; aqueous solubility enhancement ; sieve analysis ; Raman mapping ; Eudragit ; nanofibers ; psoriasis ; PCL ; essential oils ; parameters ; antibiotics ; xanthan gum ; carvedilol ; amorphous composite ; coaxial electrospinning ; insoluble drug ; NIR-triggered drug release ; fast dissolution ; electrospinning ; oral drug delivery ; electrospun nanofibers ; poly-cyclodextrin ; TRPV1 ; gallic acid ; solid dispersion ; photothermal therapy ; drug release ; applications ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Fluid intake has barely been assessed, and hydration status has only rarely been measured in epidemiological studies. This hampers attempts to assess the adequacy of water intake at a population level. However, although guidelines have been established to determine how much water humans require to avoid dehydration and to optimize physical and psychological function, limited data are available on the total water and beverages intake. Therefore, the percentage of population with inadequate water intake is unknown. There is a clear need for studies in different settings around the world that quantify total water and beverage intake and explore associations between types of beverages consumed and energy intake.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; Adequate hydration ; Beverages consumption ; Water and energy intake ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: It is now well appreciated that the immune system, in addition to its traditional role in defending the organism against pathogens, communicate in a well-organized fashion with the brain to maintain homeostasis and regulate a set of neural functions. Perturbation in this brain-immune interactions due to inflammatory responses may lead to psychiatric and neurological disorders. Microglia are one of the essential cells involved in the brain-immune interactions. Microglial cells are now not simply regarded as resident tissue macrophages in the brain. These cells are derived from myeloid progenitor cells in the yolk sac in early gestation, travel to the brain parenchyma and interact actively with neurons during the critical period of neurogenesis. Microglia provide a trophic support to developing neurons and take part in the neural wiring through the activity-dependent synapse elimination via direct neuron-microglia interactions. Altered microglial functions including changes in the gene expression due to early life inflammatory events or psychological and environmental stressors can be causally related to neurodevelopmental diseases and mental health disorders. This type of alterations in the neural functions can occur in the absence of infiltration of inflammatory cells in the brain parenchyma or leptomeninges. In this sense, the pathogenetic state underlying a significant part of psychiatric and neurological diseases may be similar to “para-inflammation”, an intermediate state between homeostatic and classical inflammatory states as defined by Ruslan Medzhitov (Nature 454:428-35, 2008). Therefore, it is important to study how systemic inflammation affects brain health and how local peripheral inflammation induces changes in the brain microenvironment. Chronic pain is also induced by disturbance in otherwise well-organized multisystem interplay comprising of reciprocal neural, endocrine and immune interactions. Especially, early-life insults including exposure to immune challenges can alter the neuroanatomical components of nociception, which induces altered pain response later in life. Recently the discrete roles of microglia and blood monocyte-derived macrophages are being defined. The distinction may be further highlighted by disorders in which the brain parenchymal tissue is damaged. Therefore, studies investigating the dynamics of immune cells in traumatic brain injury and neurotropic viral infections including human immunodeficiency virus, etc. as well as neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are promising to clarify the interplay between the central nervous and immune systems. The understanding of the histological architecture providing the infrastructure of such neuro-immune interplay is also essential. This Frontiers research topic brings together fourteen articles and aims to create a platform for researchers in the field of psychoneuroimmunology to share the recent theories, hypotheses and future perspectives regarding open questions on the mechanisms of cell-cell interactions with chemical mediators among the nervous, immune and endocrine systems. We hope that this platform would reveal the relevance of the studies on multisystem interactions to enhance the understanding of the mechanisms underlying a wide variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC346-429 ; RC581-607 ; brain-immune interaction ; fatigue ; pain ; HIV ; neuroinflammation ; traumatic brain injury ; depression ; microglia ; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; autism ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) proteins are critical mediators of DNA repair. Many traditional anti-cancer chemotherapy agents overwhelm a cell’s ability to repair DNA damage in order to kill proliferating malignant cells. Recent evidence suggests that cancers within and across tissue types have specific defects in DNA repair pathways, and that these defects may predispose for sensitivity and resistance to various classes of cytotoxic agents. Breast, ovarian and other cancers develop in the setting of inherited DNA repair deficiency, and these cancers may be more sensitive to cytotoxic agents that induce DNA strand breaks, as well as to inhibitors of PARP activity. A series of recent clinical trials has tested whether PARP inhibitors can achieve synthetic lethality in hereditary DNA repair-deficient tumors. At the current time, mutation of BRCA serves as a potential, but not comprehensive, biomarker to predict response to PARP inhibitor therapy. Mechanisms of resistance to PARP inhibitors are only recently being uncovered. Future studies seek to identify sporadic cancers that harbor genomic instability rendering susceptibility to PARP inhibitors that compound lethal DNA damage.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC254-282 ; DNA reapir ; PARP inhibitor ; Homologous Recombination ; combination therapy ; DNA Damage ; Cancer ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This e-book provides the insight into occupational health and safety problems, challenges and solutions of the dairy sector. Thirty-two authors have been sharing their results and knowledge reflecting the challenges from small scale farming up to industrial style. The worldwide trend of growing farm sizes and a reduction in numbers is one of the major drivers for the changes in the working environment. Musculoskeletal disorders are among the most prevalent health problems of people working on farms. Nevertheless mechanisation has not reduced the number of complaints, and new problems arise due to the changing working environment.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RA1-1270 ; immigrant workers ; Dairy farming ; OHS ; MSS ; MSD ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Gluten is the major protein of wheat and other cereals (rye and barley); it is responsible for triggering celiac disease (CD) in genetically predisposed individuals. Until a few years ago, CD was the major (if not the only) well-known gluten-related disorder. However, in recent years, it has become clear that gluten proteins may activate different pathological mechanisms, leading to a wide spectrum of human diseases, including non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), gluten ataxia, neuro-psychiatric disorders, and many others. Conceptually, we have therefore moved from a Ptolemaic to a Copernican system, i.e., CD is no longer the “center of the universe”, but is just one of the possible worlds of gluten intolerance. Many other gluten planets do indeed exist and deserve the attention of researchers and clinicians alike. Although different gluten-related disorders show specific epidemiological, pathophysiological, and clinical aspects, these conditions share a trigger and treatment: the gluten-free diet. For a very long time, awareness of these disorders has been limited and, therefore, the epidemiology of gluten-related disorders is still a “work in progress”. Current research strives to clarify the boundaries between these entities, their disease mechanisms, and how a proper diagnosis can be implemented.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; gluten-related disorders;celiac disease;gluten intolerance ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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