ALBERT

Note: Contents: 1. Overview. - 2. Studies on Surface and Bedrock Topographies around Dome Fuji. - 3. Deep Ice Coring at Dome Fuji Station. - 4. Ice Core Analyses. - 5. Results of ice Core Analyses. - 6. Future Plan of Publication of the Dome Fuji Deep Drilling Project. - 7. Publications List. - 8. List of Investigators.

Note: Nonlinear Mesoscopic Elasticity; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgements; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Systems; 1.2 Examples of Phenomena; 1.3 The Domain of Exploration; 1.4 Outline; References; 2 Microscopic/Macroscopic Formulation of the Traditional Theory of Linear and Nonlinear Elasticity; 2.1 Prefatory Remarks; 2.2 From Microscopic to Continuum; 2.2.1 A Microscopic Description; 2.2.2 Microscopic Description and Thermodynamics; 2.2.3 From Microscopic Model to Continuum Elasticity; 2.3 Continuum Elasticity and Macroscopic Phenomenology; 2.3.1 Displacement, Strain, and Stress. , 2.3.2 Dynamics of the Displacement Field2.3.3 Coupling Continuum Elasticity to Auxiliary Fields; 2.3.4 Inhomogeneous Elastic Systems; 2.4 Thermodynamics; 2.4.1 Thermodynamic Derivatives; 2.4.2 Series Expansion for ES; 2.4.3 Series Expansion for EZ; 2.4.4 Series Expansion for FT; 2.4.5 Assemble the Pieces; 2.5 Energy Scales; References; 3 Traditional Theory of Nonlinear Elasticity, Results; 3.1 Quasistatic Response; Linear and Nonlinear; 3.1.1 Quasistatic Response; Linear; 3.1.2 Quasistatic Response; Nonlinear; 3.2 Dynamic Response; Linear; 3.3 Quasistatic/Dynamic Response; Nonlinear. , 3.4 Dynamic Response Nonlinear; 3.4.1 Basic Equations; 3.4.2 Wave Propagation; 3.4.3 Resonant Bar; 3.5 Exotic Response; Nonlinear; 3.6 Green Functions; 3.6.1 Green Function, Free Space; 3.6.2 Green Function, Resonant Bar; References; 4 Mesoscopic Elastic Elements and Macroscopic Equations of State; 4.1 Background; 4.2 Elastic Elements; 4.2.1 Hertz-Mindlin Contacts; 4.2.2 Hysteretic Hertzian Contacts; 4.2.3 Hertzian Asperities; 4.2.4 Van der Waals Surfaces; 4.2.5 Other; 4.3 Effective Medium Theory; 4.4 Equations of State; Examples; 4.4.1 Hertzian Contacts; 4.4.2 Van der Waals Surfaces. , 4.4.3 Generalization and CaveatsReferences; 5 Auxiliary Fields; 5.1 Temperature; 5.2 Saturation; 5.2.1 Saturation/Strain Coupling; 5.2.2 Saturation/Strain Response; 5.3 The Conditioning Field, X; References; 6 Hysteretic Elastic Elements; 6.1 Finite Displacement Elastic Elements; Quasistatic Response; 6.1.1 Finite Displacement Elastic Elements: The Model; 6.1.2 Finite Displacement Elastic Element: Implementing the Model; 6.2 Finite Displacement Elastic Elements: Inversion; 6.3 Finite Displacement Elastic Elements: Dynamic Response; 6.3.1 Finite Displacement Elastic Element: Resonant Bar. , 6.3.2 Finite Displacement Elastic Element: Wave Mixing6.4 Models with Hysteresis; 6.5 Summary; 6.6 Models with Hysteresis, Detail; 6.6.1 Hertzian Contacts; 6.6.2 The Masing Rules; 6.6.3 The Endochronic Formalism; References; 7 The Dynamics of Elastic Systems; Fast and Slow; 7.1 Fast/Slow Linear Dynamics; 7.1.1 Quasistatic Response; 7.1.2 AC Response; 7.2 Fast Nonlinear Dynamics; 7.3 Auxiliary Fields and Slow Dynamics; 7.3.1 X = The Conditioning Field; 7.3.2 X = Temperature; 7.4 Summary; References; 8 Q and Issues of Data Modeling/Analysis; 8.1 Attenuation in Linear Elastic Systems. , 8.1.1 Wave Vector Dispersion.

Note: The Economic-Legal System and the Role of Property Rights: An Introduction ; 1 Foundation Stones: Politically-Based Versus Judge-Made Law ; Efficiency ; Two Basic Propositions ; Two Major Theorems on Property Rights ; 2 Society's Machinery: Coordination and Constitutions ; Markets and Firms ; Political Processes ; 3 Property, Breach of Contract, Tort, Crime: Formalized Property Rights ; Injunctions ; Damages or Punishment? ; Negligence: The Simplest Case ; Joint Responsibility ; Intent, Strict Liability, Insurance ; The Stringency of Sanctions ; The Behavior of Disputant Parties and Courts ; 4 Contracts, Companies, Regulation: Contracts: Problems and Solutions ; The Contractual and Legal Structure of Firms ; Limits of Freedom of Contract ; 5 Epilogue: Conclusions and Final Comments

Note: Classical theory of comparative advantageComparative advantage with two factors of production -- Comparative advantage and factor endowments : the Heckscher-Ohlin theorem -- Imperfect competition and economies of scale in trade -- The partial equilibrium analysis of international trade -- Trade restrictions : tariffs -- Non-tariff trade barriers -- Domestic support policies and trade -- Multilateral trade negotiations and U.S. trade policy -- Economic integration -- Foreign exchange markets and the exchange rate -- Agricultural trade and the exchange rate -- International capital movements and multinational corporations -- Agricultural trade and economic development -- Trade and the environment..

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors Summary Introduction Determining economic thicknesses for insulation Background Analysis method for new construction Analysis method for reinsulating existing construction Sensitivity and longevity of the results Sensitivity Longevity Recommendations Saving money vs. saving energy Energy economics conservation Building energy performance standards Conclusion Literature cited Appendix A: Heating system costs Appendix B: Present worth factors Appendix C: Base case and incremental thermal properties Appendix D: LCC comparison graphs for wall and roof systems Appendix E: Cost penalties for energy conservatism Appendix F: Graphic aid for figuring energy savings thermal improvements

Note: Enth.: Giess, W.: Die in der Zentralem Namib von Südwestafrika / Namibia festgestellten Pflanzenarten und ihre Biotope

Note: Translated from the Japanese

Note: Zugl.: Kaiserslautern, Univ., Habil., 2002

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Observations Discussion Literature cited Appendix A: Site location maps

Note: CONTENTS Carlo Doglioni and Eugenio Carminati: The effect of four subductions in N/E-Italy Alfred Hirn: Geophysical data and collisional belt: Pyrenees and Himalayas Onno Oncken: The Andes mountain belt - comparing the geophysical architecture of a subduction orogen with collisional belts Ewald Lueschen, Helmut Gebrande, Karl Millahn und Rinaldo Nicolich: Seismic profiling by the TRANSALP WORKING GROUP: deep crustal vibroseis and explosive profiling Daniela Borrini, Luca Bertelli, Roberto Fantoni, Alfredo Mazzotti, Giacomo Mezzadra and Rinaldo Nicolich: High resolution processing of vibrosets data Karl Millahn, Ewald Lueschen and Helmut Gebrande: Seismic profiling by the TRANSALP Working Group: cross-line recording for 3D-Control Florian Bleibinhaus: Seismic profiling by the TRANSALP Working Group: refraction and wide-angle reflection seismic traveltime tomography Jörn Kummerow, Reiner Kind, Onno Oncken Kurt Wylegalla, and Frank Scherbaum: Seismic profiling by the TRANSALP Working Croup: receiver functions image and Upper Mantle anisotropy Rüdiger Thomas, Kurt Bram, Klaus Schwerd and Jürgen Fertig: High-resolution reflection seismics and hydrocarbon industry profiles at the northern part of the TRANSALP profile Marcello Bernabini, Pierluigi Bernardelli, Carlo Comin, Franco Coren, Salvatore Giammetti, Roberto Longoni, Rinaldo Nicolich, Luciana Orlando, Franco Palmieri and Claudio Zanolla: Gravimetnc data base and 2001 surveys Jörg Ebbing and Hans-Jürgen Götze: The collision of the European and Adriatic plates in the Eastern Alps - insights from 3D density modelling and isostatic investigations Roberto Cassinis and Salvatore Scarascia: The structure of the deep crust and Moho boundary along the TRANSALP according to the DSS data: a contribution to the lateral extension of the model Stefano Solarino, Eduard Kissling, Dario Slejko, Claudio Eva, Elena Eva, and Alessandro Rebez: Seismotectonics of eastern Veneto in the light of the TRANSALP experiment Wolfgang A. Lenhardt: Seismicity in Tyrol in relation to the TRANSALP profile Jörg Ansorge, Regina Lippitsch and Eduard Kissling: Lithosphere structure of the Alpine arc: new evidence from high-resolution teleseismic tomography Giuliano F. Panza, Reneta Raykova, Chimera Giordano and Abdelkarim Aoudia: Multiscale surface wave tomography in the Alps Antonella Peresan, Alexandre Gorshkov, Alexandre Soloviev, Inessa Vorobieva, and Giuliano F. Panza : Morfostructural zonation and block model dynamics in the Alps and surrounding regions Ernst Willingshofer, Dimitrios Sokoutis and Jean-Pierre Burg : Collisional tectonics and the deep structure of the Eastern Alps: inferences from lithospheric-scale analogue modelling Klaus Ullemeyer, Siegfried Siegesmund, and Patrick N. J. Rosolofosaon: Experimental and texture-derived P-wave velocities from the TRANSALP seismic traverse - preliminary results Hans-Dieter Vosteen, Christoph Clauser, and Bernd Lammerer: The thermal regime of the Eastern Alps: results from inverse analyses along tbe TRANSALP traverse Stefan Schlömer, Eckhard Faber, Alfred Hollerbach, Manfred Teschner, Bernd Lammerer, Ewald Lueschen, and Jürgen Poggenburg: Hydrocarbon gases in sediments from shot holes - Transalp Section Carla Braitenberg, Jörg Ebbing, and Hans-Jürgen Götze: New Inputs from the Transalp transect to the understanding of isotasy in the Eastern Alps Igor Cerovsky, Wolfgang Frisch and Bruno Meurers: Gravity and magnetic modelling in 3D Andrea Argnani and Claudia Piromallo: The evolution of the Alpine orogen of Eastern Europe: insights from plate kinematics and comparison with mantle tomography Franco Pettenati, Livio Sirovich and Francesco Gentile: Validation of some Transalp results (southern segment) by source inversion of the Cansiglio, 1936 earthquake Francesco Paolo Sassi, Luigi Burlini, Bernardo Cesare, Antonio Galgaro, Claudio Mazzoli, Sandro Meli, Luca Peruzzo, Raffaele Sassi, and Richard Spiess: Crustal modelling of a type area in Eastern Alps: a multidisciplinary attempt Muriel Gerbault, and Ernst Willingshofer: Thermo-mechanical modelling and indentation tectonics: how important is lower crustal rheology? Gian Battista Vai: Palaeozoic palaeotectonis of the eastern Southern Alps: implications for the Transalp Profile Silvano Sinigoi, James E. Quick, Gabriella Peressini and Adriano Mayer: An example of the Apulian lower crust: the lvrea-Verbano zone Maria Iole Spalla and Guido Grosse: Permian-Triassic magmatism and the tectonothermal evolution of the Austroalpine and South-Alpine lithosphere Claudio L. Rosenberg: Ascent of tbe Periadriatic Plutons: a review with implications for the TRANSALP transect Alfonso Bosellini, Piero Gianolla and Marco Stefani: The evolution of the Triassic carbonate platforms in the Dolomites, Northern Italy Vincenzo Picotti, Miriam Cobianchi, Roberto Fantoni, and Daniele Masetti: Platform to basin transittons: tectonic control and patterns in the Mesozoic of the eastern Southern Alps Patrizia Macera, Daniela Gasperini, Katiuscia Maffei, Silvana Martin and Claudia Piromallo: Tertiary magmatism in the Eastern Alps Luca Bertelli, Luigi Cantelli, Alberto Castellarin, Roberto Fantoni, Alessandro Mosconi, Mattia Sella and Luigi Selli: Upper crustal style, shortening and deformation ages in the Alps along the southern sector of the TRANSALP profile Massimiliano Zattin, Andrea Cuman, Roberto Fantoni, Silvana Martin, Paolo Scotti, and Cristina Stefani: Thermochronological evolution of the Southern Alps along the TRANSALP profile Roberto Fantoni, Bruno Della Vedova, Michela Giustiniani, Rinaldo Nicolich, Chiara Barbieri, Anna Del Ben, Icilio Finetti and Alberta Castellarin: Deep seismic profiles through the Venetian and Adriatic foreland (Northern Italy) Chiara Barbieri, Giovanni Bertotti, Daniele Catellani, Andrea Di Giulio, Roberto Fantoni and Nicoletta Mancin: Flexural response of the Venetian foreland to the Southalpine orogeny analysed through 2D crustal modelling Alberta M. RrvA and Marco M. SrEFANI: Synvolcanic deformation and intraplat/orm collapsing: the Latemar case history from the Middle Triassic of the Dolomites Marco Stefani and Riccardo Caputo: Synvolcanic carbonate production at scalloped platform margins: examples from the Middle Triassic Catinaccio Buildups (Dolomites, Italy) Riccardo Caputo and Marco Stefanil: Understanding poly nucleated carbonate platforms through palinspastic restoration: example from Middle Triassic of the Dolomites Giovanni Battista Carulli, Andrea Cozzi, Daniele Masetti, Enrico Pernarcic, Fulvio Podda and Maurizio Ponton: Middle Triassic- Early Jurassic extensional tectonics in the Carnian Prealps (eastern Southern Alps, N. E. Italy) Riccardo Caputo, Eliana Pou and Adriano Zanferrari: Neogene-Quaternary twist tectonics in the eastern Southern Alps, Italy Adriano Zanferrari, Eliana M. Pou and Sergio Rogledi: The external thrust-belt of eastern Southern Alps in Friuli (NE Italy) Martin Thöni: Garnet chronometry in the Eastern Alps: insight into the polyphase nature of a composite orogenic structure Silvana Martin: Tectonic setting and pre-Alpine evolution of the Tonale nappe, Eastern Austroalpine Georg Hoinkes: The "Alpine" metamorphic evolution of the Austroalpine basement: comparative petrological data from the Ötztal- and Wölz-Complex Franz Neubauer: Tectonic evolution of the Eastern Alps: from Permian rifting to Cretaceous and Tertiary collisions Mark R. Handy, Claudio. L. Rosenberg, Ralph Wagner and Maja Wegmann: Tertiary exhumation and strike-slip tectonics in the Austroalpine basement: implications for deep structure of the TRANSALP section Bernd Lammerer: The Tauern Window - key to the understanding of the Eastern Alps Franz Neubauer, Ada Kiss and Cestmir Tomek: Control of the collisional architecture by inherited, passive-margin structures: the European crust in the TRANSALP section compared with borehole and other seismic sections of the northern Eastern Alps Hugo Ortner, Franz Reiter and Reiner Brandner: Kinematic

Note: Contents: Polar sciences and global environmental changes / Byong-Kwon Park. - The sun earth connection: thermodynamics of the terrestrial atmosphere during geo-effective events / R. J. Niciejewski and Y.-I. Won. - Observations of atmospheric waves in the high-latitude / Y.-I. Won, R. J. Niciejewski, P. Espy, J.-K. Chung and Bang Yong Lee. - Malaysian Antarctic Research Program / Nasaruddin Rahman, Salleh Mohd Nor and Azizan Abu Samah. - Compositional variation in pyrochlore from the Sokoli Phoscorite-Carbonatite complex, Kola Peninsula, Arctic / Mi Jung Lee, C. Terry Williams, Jong Ik Lee, and Yeadong Kim. - U-Th-Pb electron microprobe datings on the Rayner complex, East Antarctica / Yoichi Motoyoshi, Tomokazu Hokada and Kazuyuki Shiraishi. - Geochemical variation during hydrothermal alteration of basaltic andesite at Barton Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica / Soon Do Hur, Jong Ik Lee and Jeong Hwang. - The paleocene-eocene volcanic succession in the Barton Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica: Lithofacies, eruption styles and depositional processes / Seung Bum Kim, Young Kwan Shon and Moon Young Choe. - Holocene paleoclimate in Antarctic Lake Langer (King George Island) / B. K. Khim, K. Lee, H. I. Yoon and C. Y. Kang. - Holocene paleoceanography and paleoclimate of the West Spitsbergen Area, Euro-Arctic margin / Morten Hald, Hanne Ebbesen, Matthias Forwick, Sergei Korsun, Tore O. Vorren, Liza Khomenko, and Fred Godtliebsen. - Origins and paleoceanographic significance of layered diatom ooze interval from the Bransfield Strait in the Northern Antarctic Peninsula around 2500 yrs BP / Ho Il Yoon, Byong-Kwon Park, Yeadong Kim, Cheon Yun kang and Sung-Ho Kang. - A record of holocene environmental changes in terrestrial sedimentary deposits on King George Island, Antarctica / A. Tatur, R. del Valle, A. Barczuk, J. Martinez-Macchiavello. - Geochemistry of soils of King George Island, South Shetland Islands, West Antarctica: Implications for pedogenesis in cold polar regions / Yong Il Lee, Hyoun Soo Lim, and Ho Il Yoon. - Seafloor structure around the epicenter of the Great Antarctic Plate earthquake / Yoshifumi Nogi and Kin-ichiro Koizumi. - Multidisciplinary surveys by 'structure and evolution of the East Antarctic Lithosphere': SEAL-2000, -2002 / M. Kanao, H. Miyamachi, S. Toda, H. Murakami, T. Tsutsui, T. Matsushima, M. Takada, A. Watanabe, M. Yamashita, K. Yoshii, K. Kaminuma, and SEAL Geotransect Group. - Local seismic activity around Syowa Station, East Antarctica / Katsutada Kaminuma and Masaki Kanao. - Morphological characteristics of the intersection between Phoenix Ridge and the Hero Fracture Zone / Kyu Jung Kim, Young Keun Jin, Sang Heon Nam, Joo Han Lee and Yeadong Kim. - Visual observation experiments to investigate the formation processes of globular gas hydrate / H. Shoji. - Gas hydrate BSR-derived heat flow variation on the South Shetland Continental Margin, Antarctic Peninsula / Young Keun Jin, Sang Heon Nam, Yeadong Kim, Kyu Jung Kim and Joo Han Lee. - Introduction to ice core drilling program on Amery Ice Shelf in the 2002/2003 Antarctic summer season / Yuansheng Li, Dejun Tan, Zengdi Pan, Zhaoqian Dong, Bo Sun and Jiahong Wen. - 724 M deep ice core from Akademii Nauk Ice Cap Severnaya Zemlya (Russian Arctic) - Electrical conductivity measurements and isotopic record / D. Fritzsche, R. Schütt, H. Meyer, H. Miller, and F. Wilhelms. - Introduction of the Chinese Polar Cryospheric Database System (CPCDS) / Xiang Qin, Dahe Qin and Yongjian Ding. - Natural variations in lead, cadmium, copper and zinc concentrations and their sources in Vostok Antarctic Ice from 65,000 to 240,000 years BP / Sungmin Hong, Kang Hyun Lee, Claude F. Boutron, Christophe P. Ferrari, Jean Robert Petit, Carlo Barbante, Kevin Rosman, Vladimir Y. Lipenkov. - Fluctuation of ice sheet elevation in East Antarctica since the late Pliocene / Xiaohan Liu, Ping Kong, Feixin Huang, Xiaoli Li, and Aimin Fang. - Variations of total ozone amount and erythermal ultraviolet radiation at King Sejong Station in West Antarctica / Bang Yong Lee, Hi-Ku Cho, Yun-Gon Lee and Young-In Won. - Variability of regional atmospheric circulation related with recent warming in the Antarctic Peninsula / Jeong-Soon Lee, Tae-Yong Kwon, Bang-Yong Lee, Ho Il Yoon and Jeong-Woo Kim. - The surface UV-A and erythermal UV-B radiation changes at King Sejong Station of West Antarctica / Kyu-Tae Lee, Joon-Bum Jee, Won-Hak Lee, Youn-Joung Kim, Bang Yong Lee, and Young-In Won. - Climatological characteristics of the polar ionosphere based on the Sondrestrom and Chatanika incoherent scatter radar measurements / Young-Sil Kwak and Byung-Ho Ahn. - Cloudy band and air inclusions observed in deep ice core samples from GRIP, Greenland / Kimiko Shimohara, Hitoshi Shoji and Sepp Kipfstuhl. - Geochemical trends and Milankovitch cycles within sediment from the North Atlantic Ocean / Sangmin Hyun, Naokazu Ahagon and Ho Il Yoon. - Oceanographic mechanism of regional warming in the Antarctic Peninsula / Kyu-Cheul Yoo, Ho Il Yoon, Jae-Kyung Oh, Tae-Yong Kwon and Cheon Yun Kang. - East Asian Monsoon variation during the late pleistocene to holocene: paleoclimate changes indicated by proxy records from Jeju Island, Korea / Seung Hyoun Lee, Yong Il Lee, Ho Il Yoon and Cheon Yun Kang. - Occurrence of vivianite in late pleistocene lacustrine sediments at Sogwipo, Jeju Island, Korea / Seung Hyoun Lee, Yong Il Lee, Ho Il Yoon, Cheon Yun Kang and Yaedong Kim. - Microfabric analysis of laminated diatom ooze in the holocene sediments from the eastern Bransfield Strait, Antarctic Peninsula / Jang Jun Bahk, Ho Il Yoon, Yeadong Kim, Cheon Yun Kang and Sung Ho Bae. - Late Quaternary paleoenvironment of the Saint Anna Trough, Arcitc Russia / Jae Il Lee, Yeadong Kim and Ho Il Yoon. - Formation and dissociation processes of gas hydrates composed of methane and carbon dioxide below the ice point / A. Hachikubo, K. Yamada, T. Miura, K. Hyakutake, K. Abe and H. Shoji. - Visual observations of tubular gas hydrate formation in a pressure cell with water and seafloor sediment / K. Hyakutake, O. Kitamura, S. Kataoka, A. Hachikubo, H. Shoji and L. Mazurenko. - Formation processes of massive gas hydrate in a pressure cell with water-saturated sediment conditions / O. Kitamura, S. Kataoka, K. Hyakutake, A. Hachikubo and H. Shoji. - Phase equilibrium studies on mixed gas hydrates composed of methane and carbon dioxide below the ice point / T. Miura, A. Hachikubo, K. Hyakutake, K. Abe and H. Shoji. - CP-MAS 13C-NMR study on the crystallographic structure of natural gas hydrate in the bottom of the Okhotsk Sea and Lake Baikal / M. Kida, H. Sakagami, H. Minami, Y. Numokawa, N. Takahashi, T. Matveeva, H. Shoji, S. Takeya, Y. Kamata, T. Ebinuma, H. Narita, V. Soloviev, K. Wallmann, N. Biebow, A. Obzhirov, A. Salomatin, J. Poort, O. Khlystov and M. Grachev. - Some features of gas hydrates in the sea of Okhotsk / T. Matveeva, V. Soloviev, K. Wallmann, A. Obzhirov, N. Biebow, J. Poort, A. Salomatin and H. Shoji. - High-resolution echo facies analysis of glacial-marine deposits in the Bransfield Basin, Antarctica / S. H. Yoon, H. I. Yoon and J. Howe. - Characteristics of Beach sands, King George Island, West Antarctica / Tae Jin Choi, Yong Il Lee and Ho Il Yoon. - Transition from debris flow to hyperconcentrated flow in a submarine channel (the Cretaceous Cerro Toro Formation, Southern Chile) / Y. K. Sohn, M. Y. Choe, and H. R. Jo. - Chemical weathering of glacial debris and volcanic ash in King George Island, Antarctica / Gi Young Jeong and Bong Ho Lee. - The cenozoic sedimentary records found in the Grove Mountains, East Antarctica and their climatic implications / Aimin Fang, Xiaohan Liu, Xiaoli Li, Jong Ik Lee, Yitai Ju and Feixin Huang. - The pollen assemblages found in the cenozoic sedimentary rocks in Grove Mountains, East Antarctica / Aimin Fang, Xiaohan Liu, Xiaoli Li, Yitai Ju and Weimin W

Note: Contents: Introduction / V. I. Nikolaev. - Oxygen isotope composition of the bone phosphate of reindeer: potential as a palaeoenvironmental recorder / Vladimir Nikolaev, Silvana Davanzo, Antonio Longinelli, Paola Iacumin. - Carbon isotope studies of mammoth's food and fossil remains / Vladimir Nikolaev, Silvana Davanzo, Ludmila Kuznetsova, Paola Iacumin. - A fresh approach to palaeogeography of northern regions of West Siberia in sartan time (Late Pleistocene) / Dimitri Bolshiyanov, Vladimir Nikolaev, Alexander Sosnovskiy. - Relief and sediments forming of the Eastern Khibiny Mountains in the end of Late Pleistocene and Holocene / F. A. Romanenko, A. A. Lukashov, E. D. Sheremetskaya, Yu. R. Belyaev, N. E. Zaretskaya, D. K. Kuznetsov, O. S. Olyunina, A. M. Tarbeeva. , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Contents: Preface. - Introduction. - Gymnosperm. - Pinaceae. - Taxodiaceae. - Cupressaceae. - Podocarpaceae. - Ephedraceae. - Angiosperm. - Juglandaceae. - Myricaceae. - Bibliography. - Plates. - Gymnosperm. - Pinaceae: Plates 1-23. - Taxodiaceae: Plates 24-26. - Cupressaceae: Plates 27-39. - Podocarpaceae: Plates 40-46. - Ephedraceae: Plates 47-52. - Angiosperm. - Juglandaceae: Plates 53-64. - Myricaceae: Plates 64-68. - Pollen Sample List. - Index.

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Refraction experiments Procedure Equipment Results P waves Low velocity zone SH waves Surface wave experiments Summary and discussion Literature cited Appendix A: P wave refraction data Appendix B: SH wave refraction data. Appendix C: Surface wave dispersion calculations

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Model description and application Results and discussion Wind and current fields Standard simulation Thermodynamic simulation Zero ice strength Zero ice import Zero currents Modified currents Zero winds Dynamics simulation Summary and concluding remarks Literature cite

Note: Erscheint alle 2 Jahre , Text in deutscher und englischer Sprache

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Scope of work Ice discharge from Lake Huron into St. Clair River Water velocity profiles at Port Huron Ice conditions Physical model Basis for selection Description Instrumentation Model ice control structure Open water calibration Open water tests Experimental procedures and techniques Ice cover calibration Ice control structure orientation Analysis of ice discharge due to ship transits Natural ice Synthetic ice Forces on the ice control structure Static measurements Dynamic force measurements Potential additional shear stresses Anticipated ice conditions with ICS Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A. Application of model results Appendix B. Suggested additional studies Appendix C. Derivation of ice discharge

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Physical diffusion and dispersion in open channel flow Modeling approach Description of the diffusion wave flow routing model Analysis of the numerical model Modified equation and Hirt analyses of diffusion wave model von Neumann analysis of the diffusion wave model Linear case studies Accuracy considerations of the numerical solution Field studies Apalachia Dam tailwater Norris Dam tailwater Conclusions Literature cited

Note: Contents: 1. Introduction ; 2. The political process ; 3. Administrative efficiency ; 4. Competition among governments ; 5. Fiscal policy and redistribution ; 6. Fiscal coordination and incentives ; 7. Citizens and government ; 8. Checks, balances, and freedom ; 9. Acquiring and using knowledge ; 10. Ethnic conflict and secession ; 11. Data to the rescue? ; 12. Conclusion: rethinking decentralization.

Note: Contents: Contents: 1. A long, dark shadow over democratic politics ; 2. The doctrine of democratic irrationalism ; 3. Is democratic voting inaccurate? ; 4. The Arrow general possibility theorem ; 5. Is democracy meaningless? Arrow's condition of unrestricted domain ; 6. Is democracy meaningless? Arrow's condition of the independence of irrelevant alternatives ; 7. Strategic voting and agenda control ; 8. Multidimensional chaos ; 9. Assuming irrational actors: the Powell Amendment ; 10. Assuming irrational actors: the Depew amendment ; 11. Unmanipulating the manipulation: the Wilmot proviso ; 12. Unmanipulating the manipulation: the election of Lincoln ; 13. Antebellum politics concluded ; 14. More of Riker's cycles debunked ; 15. Other cycles debunked ; 16. New dimensions ; 17. Plebiscitarianism against democracy : 18. Democracy resplendent

Note: Contents: 1 Introduction and examples. - 1.1 Introduction. - 1.2 Why Bayes?. - 1.2.1 Estimating the probability of a rare event. - 1.2.2 Building a predictive model. - 1.3 Where we are going. - 1.4 Discussion and further references. - 2 Belief, probability and exchangeability. - 2.1 Belief functions and probabilities. - 2.2 Events, partitions and Bayes' rule. - 2.3 Independence. - 2.4 Random variables. - 2.4.1 Discrete random variables. - 2.4.2 Continuous random variables. - 2.4.3 Descriptions of distributions. - 2.5 Joint distributions. - 2.6 Independent random variables. - 2.7 Exchangeability. - 2.8 de Finetti's theorem. - 2.9 Discussion and further references. - 3 One-parameter models. - 3.1 The binomial model. - 3.1.1 Inference for exchangeable binary data. - 3.1.2 Confidence regions. - 3.2 The Poisson model. - 3.2.1 Posterior inference . - 3.2.2 Example: Birth rates. - 3.3 Exponential families and conjugate priors. - 3.4 Discussion and further references. - 4 Monte Carlo approximation. - 4.1 The Monte Carlo method. - 4.2 Posterior inference for arbitrary functions. - 4.3 Sampling from predictive distributions. - 4.4 Posterior predictive model checking. - 4.5 Discussion and further references. - 5 The normal model. - 5.1 The normal model. - 5.2 Inference for the mean, conditional on the variance. - 5.3 Joint inference for the mean and variance. - 5.4 Bias, variance and mean squared error. - 5.5 Prior specification based on expectations. - 5.6 The normal model for non-normal data. - 5.7 Discussion and further references. - 6 Posterior approximation with the Gibbs sampler. - 6.1 A semiconjugate prior distribution. - 6.2 Discrete approximations. - 6.3 Sampling from the conditional distributions. - 6.4 Gibbs sampling. - 6.5 General properties of the Gibbs sampler. - 6.6 Introduction to MCMC diagnostics. - 6.7 Discussion and further references. - 7 The multivariate normal model. - 7.1 The multivariate normal density. - 7.2 A semiconjugate prior distribution for the mean. - 7.3 The inverse-Wishart distribution. - 7.4 Gibbs sampling of the mean and covariance. - 7.5 Missing data and imputation. - 7.6 Discussion and further references. - 8 Group comparisons and hierarchical modeling. - 8.1 Comparing two groups. - 8.2 Comparing multiple groups. - 8.2.1 Exchangeability and hierarchical models. - 8.3 The hierarchical normal model. - 8.3.1 Posterior inference. - 8.4 Example: Math scores in U.S. public schools. - 8.4.1 Prior distributions and posterior approximation. - 8.4.2 Posterior summaries and shrinkage. - 8.5 Hierarchical modeling of means and variances. - 8.5.1 Analysis of math score data. - 8.6 Discussion and further references. - 9 Linear regression. - 9.1 The linear regression model. - 9.1.1 Least squares estimation for the oxygen uptake data. - 9.2 Bayesian estimation for a regression model. - 9.2.1 A semiconjugate prior distribution. - 9.2.2 Default and weakly informative prior distributions. - 9.3 Model selection. - 9.3.1 Bayesian model comparison. - 9.3.2 Gibbs sampling and model averaging. - 9.4 Discussion and further references. - 10 Nonconjugate priors and Metropolis-Hastings algorithms. - 10.1 Generalized linear models. - 10.2 The Metropolis algorithm. - 10.3 The Metropolis algorithm for Poisson regression. - 10.4 Metropolis, Metropolis-Hastings and Gibbs. - 10.4.1 The Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. - 10.4.2 Why does the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm work?. - 10.5 Combining the Metropolis and Gibbs algorithms. - 10.5.1 A regression model with correlated errors. - 10.5.2 Analysis of the ice core data. -

Note: Contents: Preface to the eighth edition. - Acknowledgements. - 1 INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY OF METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY. - A The atmosphere. - B Solar energy. - C Global circulation. - D Climatology. - E Mid-latitude disturbances. - F Tropical weather. - G Palaeoclimates. - H The global climate system. - 2 ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION, MASS AND STRUCTURE. - A Composition of the atmosphere. - 1 Primary gases. - 2 Greenhouse gases. - 3 Reactive gas species. - 4 Aerosols. - 5 Variations with height. - 6 Variations with latitude and season. - 7 Variations with time. - B Mass of the atmosphere. - 1 Total pressure. - 2 Vapour pressure C The layering of the atmosphere. - 1 Troposphere. - 2 Stratosphere. - 3 Mesosphere. - 4 Thermosphere. - 5 Exosphere and magnetosphere. - 3 SOLAR RADIATION AND THE GLOBAL ENERGY BUDGET. - A Solar radiation. - 1 Solar output. - 2 Distance from the sun. - 3 Altitude of the sun. - 4 Length of day. - B Surface receipt of solar radiation and its effects. - 1 Energy transfer within the earth-atmosphere system. - 2 Effect of the atmosphere. - 3 Effect of cloud cover. - 4 Effect of latitude. - 5 Effect ofland and sea. - 6 Effect of elevation and aspect. - 7 Variation of free-air temperature with height. - C Terrestrial infra-red radiation and the greenhouse effect. - D Heat budget of the earth. - E Atmospheric energy and horizontal heat transport. - 1 The horizontal transport of heat. - 2 Spatial pattern of the heat budget components. - 4 ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE BUDGET. - A The global hydrological cycle. - B Humidity. - 1 Moisture content. - 2 Moisture transport. - C Evaporation. - D Condensation. - E Precipitation characteristics and measurement. - 1 Forms of precipitation. - 2 Precipitation characteristics. - a Rainfall intensity. - b Areal extent of a rainstorm. - c Frequency of rainstorms. - 3 The world pattern of precipitation. - 4 Regional variations in the altitudinal maximum of precipitation. - 5 Drought. - 5 ATMOSPHERIC INSTABILITY, CLOUD FORMATION AND PRECIPITATION PROCESSES. - A Adiabatic temperature changes. - B Condensation level. - C Air stability and instability. - D Cloud formation. - 1 Condensation nuclei. - 2 Cloud types. - 3 Global cloud cover. - E Formation of precipitation. - 1 Bergeron-Findeisen theory. - 2 Coalescence theories. - 3 Solid precipitation. - F Precipitation types. - 1 'Convective type' precipitation. - 2 'Cyclonic type' precipitation. - 3 Orographic precipitation. - G Thunderstorms. - 1 Development. - 2 Cloud electrification and lightning. - 6 ATMOSPHERIC MOTION: PRINCIPLES. - A Laws of horizontal motion. - 1 The pressure-gradient force. - 2 The earth's rotational deflective (Coriolis) force. - 3 The geostrophic wind. - 4 The centripetal acceleration. - 5 Frictional forces and the planetary boundary layer. - B Divergence, vertical motion and vorticity. - 1 Divergence. - 2 Vertical motion. - 3 Vorticity. - C Local winds. - 1 Mountain and valley winds. - 2 Land and sea breezes. - 3 Winds due to topographic barriers. - 7 PLANETARY-SCALE MOTIONS IN THE ATMOSPHERE AND OCEAN. - A Variation of pressure and wind velocity with height. - 1 The vertical variation of pressure systems. - 2 Mean upper-air patterns. - 3 Upper wind conditions. - 4 Surface pressure conditions. - B The global wind belts. - 1 The trade winds. - 2 The equatorial westerlies. - 3 The mid-latitude (Ferrel) westerlies. - 4 The polar easterlies. - C The general circulation. - 1 Circulations in the vertical and horizontal planes. - 2 Variations in the circulation of the northern hemisphere. - a Zonal index variations. - b North Atlantic Oscillation. - D Ocean structure and circulation. - 1 Above the thermocline. - a Vertical. - b Horizontal. - 2 Deep ocean water interactions. - a Upwelling. - b Deep ocean circulation. - 3 The oceans and atmospheric regulation. - 8 NUMERICAL MODELS OF THE GENERAL CIRCULATION, CLIMATE AND WEATHER PREDICTION / T. N. Chase and R. G. Barry. - A Fundamentals of the GCM. - B Model simulations. - 1 GCMs. - 2 Simpler models. - 3 Regional models. - C Data sources for forecasting. - D Numerical weather prediction. - 1 Short- and medium-range forecasting. - 2 'Nowcasting'. - 3 Long-range outlooks. - 9 MID-LATITUDE SYNOPTIC AND MESOSCALE SYSTEMS. - A The airmass concept. - B Nature of the source area. - 1 Cold airmasses. - 2 Warm airmasses. - C Airmass modification. - 1 Mechanisms of modification. - a Thermodynamic changes. - b Dynamic changes. - 2 The results of modification: secondary airmasses. - a Cold air. - b Warm air. - 3 The age of the airmass. - D Frontogenesis. - 1 Frontal waves. - 2 The frontal-wave depression. - E Frontal characteristics. - 1 The warm front. - 2 The cold front. - 3 The occlusion. - 4 Frontal-wave families. - F Zones of wave development and frontogenesis. - G Surface/upper-air relationships and the formation of frontal cyclones. - H Non-frontal depressions. - 1 The lee cyclone. - 2 The thermal low. - 3 Polar air depressions. - 4 The cold low. - I Mesoscale convective systems. - 10 WEATHER AND CLIMATE IN MIDDLE AND HIGH LATITUDES. - A Europe. - 1 Pressure and wind conditions. - 2 Oceanicity and continentality. - 3 British airflow patterns and their climatic characteristics. - 4 Singularities and natural seasons. - 5 Synoptic anomalies. - 6 Topographic effects. - B North America. - 1 Pressure systems. - 2 The temperate west coast and Cordillera. - 3 Interior and eastern North America. - a Continental and oceanic influences. - b Warm and cold spells. - c Precipitation and the moisture balance. - C The subtropical margins. - 1 The semi-arid southwestern United States. - 2 The interior southeastern United States. - 3 The Mediterranean. - 4 North Africa. - 5 Australasia. - D High latitudes. - 1 The southern westerlies. - 2 The sub-Arctic. - 3 The polar regions. - a The Arctic. - b Antarctica. - 11 TROPICAL WEATHER AND CLIMATE. - A The intertropical convergence. - B Tropical disturbances. - 1 Wave disturbances. - 2 Cyclones. - a Hurricanes and typhoons. - b Other tropical disturbances. - 3 Tropical cloud clusters. - C The Asian monsoon. - 1 Winter. - 2 Spring. - 3 Early summer. - 4 Summer. - 5 Autumn. - D East Asian and Australian summer monsoons. - E Central and southern Africa. - 1 The African monsoon. - 2 Southern Africa. - F Amazonia. - G El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. - 1 The Pacific Ocean. - 2 Teleconnections. - H Other sources of climatic variations in the tropics. - 1 Cool ocean currents. - 2 Topographic effects. - 3 Diurnal variations. - I Forecasting tropical weather. - 1 Short- and extended-range forecasts. - 2 Long-range forecasts. - 12 BOUNDARY LAYER CLIMATES. - A Surface energy budgets. - B Non-vegetated natural surfaces. - 1 Rock and sand. - 2 Water. - 3 Snow and ice C Vegetated surfaces. - 1 Short green crops. - 2 Forests. - a Modification of energy transfers. - b Modification of airflow. - c Modification of the humidity environment. - d Modification of the thermal environment. - D Urban surfaces. - 1 Modification of atmospheric composition. - a Aerosols. - b Gases. - c Pollution distribution and impacts. - 2 Modification of the heat budget. - a Atmospheric composition. - b Urban surfaces. - c Human heat production. - d Heat islands. - 3 Modification of surface characteristics. - a Airflow. - b Moisture. - 4 Tropical urban climates. - 13 CLIMATE CHANGE. - A General considerations. - B Climate forcings and feedbacks. - 1 External forcing. - 2 Short-term forcing and feedback. - C The climatic record. - 1 The geological record. - 2 Late glacial and post-glacial conditions. - 3 The past 1000 years. - D Possible causes of recent climatic change. - 1 Circulation changes. - 2 Energy budgets. - 3 Anthropogenic factors. - E Model s

Note: Contents: Preface / Helle V. Goldman, Bruce Forbes & Gary Kofinas. - Research planning in the face of change: the human role in reindeer/caribou systems / Gary Kofinas, Gail Osherenko, David Klein & Bruce Forbes. - Reindeer husbandry/hunting in Russia in the past, present and future / Leonid M. Baskin. - Chukotkan reindeer husbandry in the post-socialist transition / Patty A. Gray. - Nenets reindeer herders on the lower Yenisei River: traditional economy under current conditions are responses to economic change / Konstantin B. Klokov. - Reindeer pastoralism in modern Siberia: research and survival during the time of crash / Igor Krupnik. - Managing reindeer and wildlife on Alaska's Seward Peninsula / Jim Dau. - Response of reindeer and caribou to human activities / Scott A. Wolfe, Brad Griffith & Carrie A. Gray Wolfe. - High voltage transmission lines and their effect on reindeer: a research programme in progress / Eigil Reimers, Kjetil Flydal & Rune Stenseth. - Responses of West Greenland caribou to the approach of humans on foot / Peter Aastrup. - Arctic grazing systems and industrial development: can we minimize conflicts? / David R. Klein. - Regional effects of climate change on reindeer: a case study of the Muotkatunturi region in Finnish Lapland / Susan E. Lee, Malcolm C. Press, John A. Lee, Tim Ingold & Terhi Kurttila. - Reindeer in tundra ecosystems: the challenges of understanding system complexity / Feodor V. Kryazhimskii & Alexey N. Danilov. - Status, directions and priorities of reindeer husbandry research in Sweden / Öje Danell. - Need and opportunity for a North American caribou knowledge cooperative / Don Russell, Gary Kofinas & Brad Griffith. - Native reindeer herders' priorities for research / Johan Mathis Turi. - Letter from Varandei / Andrei V. Golovnev.

Note: CONTENTS: From the author. - Foreword (V. M. Kotlyakov, the academician of Russian Academy of Science). - Introduction. - 1. A legal status of research in Antarctic. - 2. The Russian (Soviet) Antarctic expeditions. - 3. The first stage of the Russian Antarctic research (1956-1965). - 3.1. General characteristic of the first stage. - 3.2. Types of observations and research at the first stage of Soviet Antarctic expedition (SAE). - 3.3. Main scientific results of the first stage of SAE operation. - 4. The second stage of the Russian Antarctic Research (1966-1973). - 4.1. General characteristic of the second stage of SAE operation. - 4.2. Types of observations and research at the second stage of SAE operation. - 4.3. Main scientific results of the second stage of SAE operation. - 5. The third stage of the Russian Antarctic Research (1974-1990). - 5.1. General characteristic of the third stage of SAE operation. - 5.2. Types of observations and research at the third stage of SAE operation. - 5.3. Main basic scientific results ofthe third stage of SAE operation. - 6. The fourth stage of the Russian Antarctic Research (1991-2005). - 6.1. General characteristic of the fourth stage of Russian Antarctic expedition (RAE) operation. - 6.2. Types of observations and research at the fourth stage of RAE operation. - 6.3. Main scientific results of the fourth stage of RAE operation. - Conclusion. - References. - Appendices (1-8): Appendix 1. Chronology of RAE (SAE) operation. - Appendix 2. Number of native publications on various disciplines. - Appendix 3. Members of the Russian Antarctic expeditions. - Appendix 4. Number of RAE (SAE) wintering stations. - Appendix 5. Number of vessels operated in RAE (SAE). - Appendix 6. Volume of the cargo delivered by RAE (SAE) vessels. - Appendix 7. Wintering RAE (SAE) members. - Appendix 8. Photo portraits of the Russian Antarctic researchers. , In kyrillischer Schrift , Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Field Sampling Site selection and description Ice sampling procedures Shipping and storage of ice samples Testing Techniques Multi-year Pressure Ridge Tests Ice description Sampling scheme and test variables Uniaxial compressive strength Residual compressive strength Failure strains Initial tangent modulus Statistical Variations in Ice Strength Differences in strength above and below level ice Sources of the variation in strength Shape of the strength histograms Multi-year Floe Ice Tests Ice description Uniaxial compressive strength Constant-load compression tests Constant-strain-rate tension tests Triaxial tests Conclusions Literature Cited Appendix A: Structural profile of a multi-year pressure ridge core Appendix B: Ridge uniaxial compression test data Appendix C: Structural profile of the continuous multi-year floe core Appendix D: Multi-year floe test data

Note: Contents Abstract Preface Introduction Natural ice sheets Choosing an ice control structure Flexible structures Ice booms Frazil collector lines Fence booms Rigid or semirigid structures Pier-mounted booms Stone groins Artificial islands Removable gravity structures Timber cribs Weirs Pilings and dolphins Structures built for other purposes Hydroelectric dams Wicket dams Light piers and towers Bridge piers Breakwaters Ice control not using Structures Channel improvements Ice sheet tying Ice sheet bridges Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Ice control structure

Note: Dissertation, Universität Potsdam, 2006

Note: Contents of Part 2 Hecht, K. Gerber, R. Otto: Studies on the drying of paints by means of 14C-labelled compounds K. Wagner, F. Brutschin, I. Ritter, T. Gritsch, H. Zimmermann, H. Borchert: Investigations by the aid of radioisotope methods on the technology of the production of carbon and silicon carbide materials K. Gloe, P. Mühl: Determination of metal extraction process parameters using tracer technique W. Migdał, W. Łada, K. Malec-Czechowska: Studies on liquid-liquid extraction of noble metals using radiotracers L. Petryka, K. Przewłocki: Radiotracer investigations of benefication copper ore in the industrial flotation process Z. Bazaniak, J. Palige: Determination of Cu recovery degree from slags in shaft process by means of radiotracers R. Burek, J .K. Zurawicz: On the optimization of concentration measurements in heterogeneous materials based on β-backscatter measurements B. Heinrich: Analysis of carbon content in crude brown coal by inelastic scattering of neutrons and the method of time correlated associated particles P. Urbańaki, D. Wagner, M. Jankowska, E. Kowalska: Determination of calcium and iron and measurements of ash content in the brown coal H.-W. Thümmel: Some considerations relating to the prediction of the efficiency of radiometric methods for the continuous ash content determination of coal L. Wawrzonek: Monitor of ash content of coal with X-ray source I. Pavlicsek, V. Stenger, A. Veres: Apparatus for gamma activation analysis I. Végvári, I. Juhász: Determination of PbO content of lead-glass samples on the ground of gamma-absorption E. Schöntube, H.-J. Große: Aerosol ionization gas analysis as a monitoring for waste halothane in the atmosphere of operating theatre S. Mothes, P. Popp, G. Oppermann, W.-D. Herberg: Measurement of fluorocarbons with the ECD P. Popp, E. Schöntube, G. Oppermann: The usability of radiation ionization detectors for the determination of N2O concentrations in the air of operating theatres P. Popp, G. Arnold, G. Oppermann: A hydrocarbon-sensitized argon ionization detector for the detection of inorganic compounds R. Szepke, W. Lisieski, J. Harasimczuk: Automatic dust monitor AMIZ G. Vormum: Sealed sources - problems of design, measurement and quality control L. Gąsiorowski: New trends in developments of ratioisotope gauges in Poland G. Brunner: Direct chemical information from special radio tracers as well as from outer X-ray excitation J. Hirling: Experience and future trend in industrial application of nuclear methods in Hungary I. N. Ivanov, O. K. Nikolaenko, Yu. V. Phecktistov, V. L. Chulkin: Use of short-lived nuclides in activation analysis Kl.-P. Rudolph, J. Flachowsky, A. Lange: Trace element determination in semiconducter selenium by neutron activation analysis (NAA) W. Lisieski, J. Mirowicz: Some industrial applications of instruments with neutron sources R. Dybczyński, H. Maleszewaka, S. Sterliński, Z. Szopa, M. Wasek: Some problems in neutron activation determination of gold and silver in ores and concentrates of copper industry L. Jankowski: Cost-benefit aspects of radioisotope application in industry B. Manouchev, T. Boschkova, L. Tsankov, V. Gurev, I. Kojucharov, G. Grozev: On the possibilities of the direct gamma-spectremetry in natural waters P. Morgenstern, D. Müller, W. Riedel: A parallel grid proportional scintillation counter for the X-ray region from 3 to 20 keV with regard to high count rates N. A. Anders, V. S. Isaev, V. I. Filatov, B. E. Kolesnikov, D. Müller, P. Morgenstern, W. Riedel, V. P. Varvaritsa: X-ray fluroescence analyzer of light elements with proportional scintillation counter D. Müller, P. Morgenstern, W. Riedel, W. Warwariza, B. E. Kolesnikow, N. A. Anders, W. J. Filatov: General considerations concerning the use of the X-ray analyzer "RALE" in industry

Note: Contents of Part 3 P. Popp, J. Leonhardt: Characterization of coulometric and hypercoulometric ECD mode of operation D. Hinneburg, H.-J. Grosse, J. Leonhardt, P. Popp: Calculation of current-voltage characteristics of electron-capture detectors A.G. Rozno, V.V. Gromov: Study of volume electric charge in radioactive dielectrics by the method of "acoustic sounding" Iv. N. Pandev, M.G. Christova, St.D. Stefanov, N.V. Gentchev, St.T. Bakardjiev, D.T. Genov, Ch.D. Christov: Portable gamma-irradiator - modified model P. Hargittai, V. Stenger: Planning of dose-rate distribution of radiation fields by computer M. Remer: DOSKMF2 - A contribution to the computer-aided design of dose rate distributions A. Heger, H. Dorschner, W. Schumann, D. Pleul: Characterization of the radiation field and control of the optimal electron beam accelerator operation for industrial processes V. Prenerov, K. Shivarov, P. Ivanov: Programme for radiation protection by using portable defectoscopes in industrial building T. Geßner, K. Irmer: Nuclear radiation detectors using high resistivity neutron transmutation doped silicon H.-G. Könnecke, D. Luther: The influence of airing systems on the residence time in biological clarification plants J. Dermietzel, C. Wienhold, H. Grundmann, A. Staschok, J. Koch, E. Bordes: Tracer studies on carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide formation in liquid phase oxidation of p-xylene W. Smułek: Use of technical mixtures of carboxylic acids to the extraction of silver H. Förster: Determination of oxide film thickness on aluminium using 14-MeV neutron activation and BET method H. Jaskólska, L. Waliś, C. Janusz: Investigations of the monocrystallization process of neodymium doped YAG using radiotracers H. Wagler: Substoichiometric determination of Pd-II-traces with dithizone and problems of determination P. Tábor, L. Molnár, D. Nagymihá!yi: Radioisotope gauge for automatic control of cottonwool package H.-W. Thummel, G. Körner, D. Fritzsche: Compensation for thickness variations in determining the bulk material composition on conveyor belts using combined scatter-transmission and thickness measuring methods D. Fritzsche, W. Dolak: Radiometric determination of ash content of raw lignites M. Braune: A simplified mathematical model for scattered transmission of X-rays in raw brown coal P. S. Kamenov, E. I. Vapirev, S. I. Ormandjiev: A new type of nuclear weighing device for transporter belts W. Smulek, M. Borkowski: Separation of reduced molybdenum from fission products. The Mo - HN03 - HDEHP system J. Komosiński, M. Radwan: Selected problems of radioisotope technique for wear investigation of precise elements Dr. A. Várkonyi: The thin layer activation for industry G. Hartmann, P. Kulicke: Wear testing in power stations J. Kraś, Z. Banasik: The radioisotopes in wear investigation of combustion engines H.-D. Grohmann: Short-time measurements of wear on surface activated rails G.M. Ter-Akopian, E.A. Sokol, Fam Ngok Chyong, M.P. Ivanov, L.P. Chelnokov, V.I. Smirnov, V.A. Gorshkov: Neutron multiplicity detector for the study of rare nuclear decay events L. Gąsiorowski, P. Mroziński, K. Sobkowicz, F. Zrudelny: Implementation of Intel 8080 - based microcomputer system in the radioisotope measurements control instrumentation W. Birkholz, M. Steinert: Evaluation of autoradiograms using a microcomputer F. Myšák, M. Krejči, J. Hakl, E. Smrkovský: Study of boron diffusion in high temperature Ni-base alloys by means of solid state track detectors W. Birkholz, H.-Ch. Treutler, K. Freyer, M. Geisler, J. Dubnack: Autoradiography of gallium in silicon H.C. Treutler, K. Freyer: On quantitative autoradiography of semiconductor basic material A.S. Shtan': Radiation evaluation techniques and facilities used for quality assurance of fuel elements and fuel assemblies for nuclear power plants D. Babić, A. Šafranj, V. Marković: Radiation degradation of poly-propylene-molecular weight and melt viscosity change A. Ciszek: Modern irradiation processes equipment-accelerators and their applications G. Kummer: Identification of signals by means of the decision theory N.S. Batchvarov, I.D. Vankov, L.P. Dimitrov, Ch.D. Shukov, P.A. Pavlov: Betareflektometer SR-77

Note: Contents: 1:Introduction ; 2:The Spatial Equilibrium Within the City ; 3:The Spatial Equilibrium Across ; 4:Agglomeration Economies ; 5:Urban Distress ; 6:Cities and Public Policy

Note: Contents Preface Acknowledgments NICOP Organizing Team Members NICOP Sponsors Associate Editors and Reviewers Volume 1 Initial Disturbance and Recovery Measurements from Military Vehicle Traffic on Seasonal and Permafrost Terrain / R.T. Affleck, S.A. Shoop, C.M. Collins, and E. Clark Erosion of the Barrow Environmental Observatory Coastline 2003–2007, Northern Alaska / A. Aguirre, C.E. Tweedie, J. Brown, and A. Gaylord Pore Water and Effective Pressure in the Frozen Fringe During Soil Freezing / S. Akagawa, S. Hiasa, S. Kanie, and S.L. Huang Coastal Processes and Their Influence Upon Discharge Characteristics of the Strokdammane Plain, West Spitsbergen, Svalbard / H.J. Akerman Forecasting Chemical Thawing of Frozen Soil as a Result of Interaction with Cryopegs / V.I. Aksenov, N.G. Bubnov, G.I. Klinova, A.V. Iospa, and S.G. Gevorkyan Permafrost and Cryopegs of the Anabar Shield / S.V. Alexeev, L.P. Alexeeva, and A.M. Kononov A First Estimate of Mountain Permafrost Distribution in the Mount Cook Region of New Zealand’s Southern Alps / S. Allen, I. Owens, and C. Huggel The Perennial Springs of Axel Heiberg Island as an Analogue for Groundwater Discharge on Mars / D.T. Andersen, W.H. Pollard, and C.P. McKay Geotechnical Considerations for Cut-Off Wall in Warm Permafrost / S.L. Anderson, T.G. Krzewinski, and J. Swendseid Water Chemistry of Hydrogenous Taliks in the Middle Lena / N.P. Anisimova and N.A. Pavlova A New Hypothesis on Ice Lens Formation in Frost-Susceptible Soils / L.U. Arenson, T.F. Azmatch, and D.C. Sego Impact of the August 2000 Storm on the Soil Thermal Regime, Alaska North Slope / D.E. Atkinson and L. Hinzman Global Simulation of Permafrost Distribution in the Past, Present, and Future Using the Frost Number Method / T. Aus der Beek and E. Teichert Remote Sensing Data for Monitoring Periglacial Processes in Permafrost Areas: Terrestrial Laser Scanning at the Hinteres Langtalkar Rock Glacier, Austria / M. Avian, A. Kellerer-Pirklbauer, and A. Bauer Permafrost Temperatures and Erosion Protection at Shishmaref, Alaska / M.T. Azelton and J.E. Zufelt Measuring Ice Lens Growth and Development of Soil Strains during Frost Penetration Using Particle Image Velocimetry (GeoPIV) / T.F. Azmatch, L.U. Arenson, D.C. Sego, and K.W. Biggar Evidence of Permafrost Formation Two Million Years Ago in Central Alaska / J.E. Beget, P. Layer, D. Stone, J. Benowitz, and J. Addison Recent Advances in Mapping Deep Permafrost and Gas Hydrate Occurrences Using Industry Seismic Data, Richards Island Area, Northwest Territories, Canada / G. Bellefleur, K. Ramachandran, M. Riedel, T. Brent, and S. Dallimore Massive Ground Ice on the Ural Coast of Baydaratskaya Bay, Kara Sea, Russia / N.G. Belova, V.I. Solomatin, and F.A. Romanenko A Direct Method for Obtaining Thermal Conductivity of Gravel Using TP02 Probes / H. Bing, P. He, N.I. Koemle, and W. Feng The Effect of Near-Freezing Temperatures on the Stability of an Underground Excavation in Permafrost / K.L. Bjella Distribution of Permafrost Types and Buried Ice in Ice-Free Areas of Antarctica / J.G. Bockheim, I.B. Campbell, M. Guglielmin, and J. López-Martínez Estimation of Ice Wedge Volume in the Big Lake Area, Mackenzie Delta, NWT, Canada / J.A. Bode, B.J. Moorman, C.W. Stevens, and S.M. Solomon High Resolution DEM Extraction from Terrestrial LIDAR Topometry and Surface Kinematics of the Creeping Alpine Permafrost: the Laurichard Rock Glacier Case Study (Southern French Alps) / X. Bodin, P. Schoeneich, and S. Jaillet Comparison of Exposure Ages and Spectral Properties of Rock Surfaces in Steep, High Alpine Rock Walls of Aiguille du Midi, France / R. Böhlert, S. Gruber, M. Egli, M. Maisch, D. Brandová, W. Haeberli, S. Ivy-Ochs, M. Christl, P.W. Kubik, and P. Deline Heat and Water Transfer Processes in Permafrost-Affected Soils: A Review of Field- and Modeling-Based Studies for the Arctic and Antarctic (Plenary Paper) / J. Boike, B. Hagedorn, and K. Roth Estimation of Hydraulic Properties in Permafrost-Affected Soils Using a Two-Directional Freeze-Thaw Algorithm / W.R. Bolton, J. Boike, and P.P. Overduin Engineering Solutions for Foundations and Anchors in Mountain Permafrost / C. Bommer, H.R. Keusen, and M. Phillips Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Interactions in the Hyporheic Zones of Arctic Streams that Drain Areas of Continuous Permafrost / W.B. Bowden, M.J. Greenwald, BM.N. Gooseff, BJ.P. Zarnetske, BJ.P. McNamara, J. Bradford, and T. Brosten Geomorphology and Gas Release from Pockmark Features in the Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada / R.G. Bowen, S.R. Dallimore, M.M. Côté, J.F. Wright, and T.D. Lorenson Current Capabilities in Soil Thermal Representations Within a Large-Scale Hydrology Model for Regions of Continuous Permafrost / L.C. Bowling, K.A. Cherkauer, and J.C. Adam Effects of Soil Cryostructure on the Long-Term Strength of Ice-Rich Permafrost Near Melting Temperatures /M.T. Bray Warming of Cold Permafrost in Northern Alaska During the Last Half-Century / M.C. Brewer and H. Jin Characterization and Classification of Topsoils as a Tool to Monitor Carbon Pools in Frost-Affected Soils / G. Broll and C. Tarnocai The International Permafrost Association: 1983–2008 / J. Brown, H. French, and C. Guodong Experimental Study of the Thermal Conductivity of Frozen Sediments Containing Gas Hydrates / B.A. Buhanov, E.M. Chuvilin, O.M. Guryeva, and P.I. Kotov Permafrost Dynamics Within an Upper Lena River Tributary: Modeled Impact of Infiltration on the Temperature Field Under a Plateau / S. Buldovich, N. Romanovskiy, G. Tipenko, D. Sergeev, and V. Romanovsky Permafrost Distributions on the Seward Peninsula: Past, Present, and Future / R.C. Busey, L.D. Hinzman, J.J. Cassano, and E. Cassano Soil and Permafrost Properties in the Vicinity of Scott Base, Antarctica / I.B. Campbell and G.G.G.Claridge Patterned Ground Features and Vegetation: Examples from Continental and Maritime Antarctica / N. Cannone and M. Guglielmin Rainfall-Runoff Hydrograph Characteristics in A Discontinuous Permafrost Watershed and Their Relation to Ground Thaw / S.K. Carey and C.M. DeBeer Innovative Designs of the Permafrost Roadbed for the Qinghai-Tibet Railway (Plenary Paper) / G. Cheng, Q. Wu, and W. Ma Does Permafrost Deserve Attention in Comprehensive Climate Models? / J.H. Christensen, M. Stendel, P. Kuhry, V. Romanovsky, and J. Walsh Trace Gas Budgets of High Arctic Permafrost Regions (Plenary Paper) / T.R. Christensen, T. Friborg, and M. Johansson Interannual Variations in Active Layer Thickness in Svalbard / H.H. Christiansen and O. Humlum Experimental Study of the Self-Preservation Effect of Gas Hydrates in Frozen Sediments / E.M. Chuvilin and O.M. Guryeva Effects of Recent Climate Change on High Mountains of Western North America / J.J. Clague A Model of Permafrost Distribution and Disturbance Sensitivity for Denali National Park, Using Soil-Ecological Site Inventory Information / M.H. Clark A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to Assess the Impact of Global Climate Change on Infrastructure in Cold Regions / J. Clarke, C. Fenton, A. Gens, R. Jardine, C. Martin, D. Nethercot, S. Nishimura, S. Olivella, C. Reifen, P. Rutter, F. Strasser, and R. Toumi Freezeback of an Anthropogenic Talik Within Tailings at Nanisivik Mine, Canada / G. Claypool, J.W. Cassie, and R. Carreau Geologic Controls on the Occurrence of Permafrost-Associated Natural Gas Hydrates / T.S. Collett Laboratory Simulations of Martian Debris Flows / F. Costard, E. Védie, M. Font, and J.L. Lagarde Modeling the Erosion of Ice-Rich Deposits Along the Yukon Coastal Plain / N.J. Couture, M.A. Hoque, and W.H. Pollard Dynamics of Patterned Ground Evolution / J.G.A. Croll Legacy and Accomplishments of Frozen Ground Engineering Studies in Alaska 60 Years Ago / M. Cysewski and Y. Shur High-Resolution Surface and Subsurface Survey of a Non-Sorted Circle System / R. Daanen, V. Romanovsky, D. Walker, and M. LaDouceur Effect of Adsorbed Cations on Unfrozen Water in Silty Soil as Det

Note: CONTENTS ABSTRACT 1. INTRODUCTION 2. AIMS AND SCOPE 3. NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC ACIDIFICATION AND ITS ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES 3.1. The role of water pH 3.2. Description of natural and anthropogenic acid sources 3.3. Anthropogenic acidification and its ecological consequences 3.4. Diatoms as indicators of water acidity and related factors 4. MATERIAL AND METHODS 4.1. Field samples 4.2. Laboratory methods 4.3. Data analysis 5. DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREAS 6. RESULTS 6.1. Diatom community patterns vs. water chemistry in relation to different water types 6.2. Diatom community patterns in relation to altitude 6.3. Diatom community patterns in relation to dijf'erent geographical regions in Poland and Finland 6.4. Diatoms as indicators of pH, alkalinity and TOC 6.5. Restoration and recovery of acidified aquatic ecosystems 6.5.1. Diatoms as indicators of restoration: effect of water neutralization 6.5.2. Diatoms as indicators of lake recovery 7. DISCUSSION 8. NOTES ON AUTECOLOGY OF SELECTED DIATOM TAXA 9. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES APPENDIX (Codes of diatom taxa used in the graphs and tables) PLATES

Note: CONTENTS Foreword 1. Introduction (Krystyna Wasylikowa) 2. History of research (Herbert E. Wright, Jr) 2.1. Introduction 2.2. The 1963 campaign 2.3. The 1970 campaign 2.4. Post-1970 analytical work 3. Geologie and climatic setting of the sites (Herbert E. Wright, Jr) 4. Outline of the Vegetation of western Iran (Willem van Zeist) 4.1. Introduction 4.2. The regional Vegetation 4.3. Zeribar marsh Vegetation 5. Coring and sampling methods (Herbert E. Wright, Jr and Krystyna Wasylikowa) 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Lake Zeribar 5.3. Lalabad and Nilofar 5.4. Mirabad landslide lakes 5.5. Sub-sampling 6. Description of Sediments (Krystyna Wasylikowa and Herbert E. Wright, Jr) 7. Lake Zeribar: dating and Sedimentation rate (Adam Walanus and Krystyna Wasylikowa) 7.1. Introduction 7.2. Age-depth curves 7.3. Sedimentation rate 8. Late Pleistocene and Holocene Vegetation at Zeribar (Willem van Zeist) 8.1. Introduction 8.2. The surface-sample study 8.3. Late Pleistocene 8.4. Holocene 8.5. Comparison with other pollen sites 9. Paleoecology of Lake Zeribar in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene reconstrueted from the flora of aquatic and marsh plants (Krystyna Wasylikowa) 9.1. Introduction 9.2. Methods 9.3. Principles of palaeoecological interpretation of plant-macrofossil assemblages from Lake Zeribar 9.4. Pleniglacial lake Vegetation 9.5. Lake Vegetation during the decline of the Pleniglacial and in the Lateglacial 9.6. Lake Vegetation in the Holocene 9.7. Summary of plant-macrofossil stratigraphy 9.8. Notes on the identification of plant macrofossils from Lake Zeribar (Krystyna Wasylikowa and Felix Yu. Velichkevich) 10. Diatom paleolimnology of Lake Zeribar, Iran, in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene (Andrzej Witkowski, Kazimierz Wasylik, Horst Lange-Bertalot, Malgorzata Bak and Karolina Derwich) 10.1. Introduction 10.2. Material and methods 10.3. Results 10.4. Discussion 10.5. Conclusions (Plates) 11. Oospores of Charales in Late Pleistocene and Holocene Sediments of Lake Zeribar, Iran (Andrzej Hutorowicz) 11.1. Introduction 11.2. Materials and methods 11.3. Systematic description of the charophyte species identified 11.4. Palaeoparameters of water in Lake Zeribar 11.5. Charophyte Vegetation at the decline of the Pleniglacial and in the Lateglacial 11.6. Charophyte Vegetation at the decline of the Lateglacial and the beginning of the Holocene 11.7. Charophyte Vegetation in the Holocene 11.8. Summary of charophyte Vegetation stratigraphy 12. Molluscs of Late Quaternary lacustrine Sediments of Lake Zeribar (Iran) (Stefan W. Alexandrowicz) 12.1. Introduction 12.2. Material and methods 12.3. Species of molluscs 12.4. Assemblages of molluscs 12.5. Interpretation 13. Charred plant macrofossils in Lake Zeribar Sediments (Jerzy J. Langer andKrystyna Wasylikowa) 13.1. Introduction 13.2. Charred remains in Lake Zeribar Sediments 13.3. Physico-chemical analyses 13.4. Conclusions of physico-chemical analyses 13.5. Palaeoecological interpretation 14. Variations in effective moisture at Lake Zeribar, Iran during the last glacial period and Holocene, inferred from the δ18O values of authigenic calcite (Lora R. Stevens, Emi Ito, and Herbert E. Wright, Jr) 14.1. Introduction 14.2. Climatic setting 14.3. Oxygen-isotope setting 14.4. δ18O values as proxies for hydrology and effective moisture 14.5. Methods 14.6. Results 14.7. Discussion 14.8. Conclusions 15. The Lake Zeribar palaeoecology: a synthesis (Krystyna Wasylikowa, Willem van Zeist, Herbert E. Wright, Jr, Lora R. Stevens, Andrzej Witkowski, Adam Walanus, Andrzej Hutorowicz, Stefan W. Alexandrowicz, and Jerzy J. Langer) 15.1. Introduction 15.2. Middle Pleniglacial (ca. 48,000-38,000 cal. yr BP) 15.3. Upper Pleniglacial (ca. 38,000-15,400 cal yr BP) 15.4. The Lateglacial (ca. 15,400-12,000 cal.yr BP) 15.5. Early Holocene (ca. 12,000-6900 cal. yr BP) 15.6. Middle and Late Holocene from 6900 to 1400 cal. yr BP 15.7. Summarizing remarks References Appendix 1 (Depth and age of samples used for various analyses) Appendix 2 (List of plant taxa identified on the basis of macrofossils found in sediment cores 63J, 70A, 63B, 70B, and 63C) Appendix 3 (List of diatom species identified in the sediment cores 63J, 70A, and 70B) PlatesI-XII

Note: CONTENTS Contributors Acknowledgements 1. Introduction / Harvey J. Marchant & Fiona J. Scott Systematic Arrangement of Taxa 2. Diatoms / Fiona J. Scott & David P. Thomas 3. Dinoflagellates / Andrew McMinn & Fiona J. Scott 4. Silicoflagellates / Gustaaf M. Hallegraeff 5. Haptophytes: Order Prymnesiales / Harvey J. Marchant & Fiona J. Scott & Andrew T. Davidson 6. Haptophytes: Order Coccolithophorales / Claire S. Findlay, Jeremy R. Young & Fiona J. Scott 7. Chrysophytes / Harvey J. Marchant & Fiona J. Scott 8. Prasinophytes / Harvey J. Marchant 9. Chlorophytes / Fiona J. Scott 10. Cryptophytes / Fiona J. Scott & John van den Hojf 11. Euglenoids / Fiona J. Scott 12. Cyanophytes / Harvey J. Marchant 13. Choanoflagellates / Harvey J. Marchant 14. Ciliates / Wolfgang Petz 15. Protista Incertae Sedis / Fiona J. Scott & Harvey J. Marchant Glossary Bibliography Copyright Permission Index