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Fluid Motions in Volcanic Conduits: A Source of Seismic and Acoustic Signals (2008)

Geological Society (London, U.K.) ; Lane, S. J. ; Gilbert, J. S.

London : The Geological Society

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Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Volcanoes become active when fluids are in motion, and erupt when these fluids escape into the atmosphere. Volcanic fluids are a mixture of solid, liquid and gas. These mixtures result in a complex range of flow behaviour, especially during interaction with conduit geometry. These processes are not directly observable and must be inferred from interpretations of field observation and measurement. One of the outcomes of this complexity is the generation of pressure and force transients as high-density phases accelerate and decelerate during unsteady flow. These transients are one means of flexing the conduit wall, a process that manifests itself as ground motion and is detectable as volcano seismic signals. On eruption, volcanic fluids interact with the atmosphere and generate acoustic and thermal signals. In this Special Publication we present a series of papers based on field, numerical and experimental approaches that seek to establish links between geophysical signals and fluid motion in volcanic conduits.

Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 244 Seiten)

ISBN: 9781862392625

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol307/issue1/

Sprache: Englisch

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2

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Structure and Emplacement of High-Level Magmatic Systems (2008)

Geological Society (London, U.K.) ; Thomson, Kenneth ; Petford, Nick

London : The Geological Society

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Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: There are continual rounds of annual conferences, special sessions and other symposia that provide ample opportunity for researchers to convene and discuss igneous processes. However, the origins of laccoliths and sills continue to inspire and confound geologists. In one sense, this is surprising. After all, don't we know all we need to know about these rocks by now? As testified by the diverse range of topics covered in this volume, the answer is clearly ‘no’. This book contains contributions on physical geology, igneous petrology, volcanology, structural geology, crustal mechanics and geophysics that cover the entire gambit of geological processes associated with the shallow emplacement of magma. High-level intrusions in sedimentary basins can also act as hydrocarbon reservoirs and as sources for thermal maturation. In drawing together a diversity of perspectives on the emplacement of sills, laccoliths and dykes we hope to advance further our understanding of their behaviour.

Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 227 Seiten)

ISBN: 9781862392564

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol302/issue1/

Sprache: Englisch

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3

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West Gondwana: Pre-Cenozoic Correlations Across the South Atlantic Region (2008)

Geological Society (London, U.K.) ; Pankhurst, R. J. ; Trouw, R. A. J. ; [weitere]

London : The Geological Society

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Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Some 75 years after the visionary work of Wegener and du Toit, Neoproterozoic to Mesozoic geological correlations between South America and Africa are re-examined in the light of plate tectonics and modern geological investigation (structural and metamorphic studies, stratigraphic logging, geochemistry, geochronology and palaeomagnetism). The book presents both reviews and new research relating to the shared Gondwana origins of countries facing each other across the South Atlantic Ocean, especially Brazil, Argentina, Cameroon, Nigeria, Angola, Namibia and South Africa. This is the first comprehensive treatment to be readily available in book form. It covers the common elements of cratonic areas pre-dating Gondwana, and how they came together in late Precambrian and Cambrian times with the formation of the Pan-African/Brasiliano orogenic belts (Dom Feliciano, Brasília, Ribeira, Damara, Gariep, Kaoko, etc.). The subsequent shared Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary record (Karoo system) prior to Gondwana break-up is also reviewed.

Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 422 Seiten)

ISBN: 9781862392472

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol294/issue1/

Sprache: Englisch

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4

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Climate Change and Groundwater (2008)

Geological Society (London, U.K.) ; Dragoni, Walter ; Sukhija, Balbir S.

London : The Geological Society

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Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: There is a general consensus that for the next few decades at least, the Earth will continue its warming. This will inevitably bring about serious environmental problems. For human society, the most severe will be those related to alterations of the hydrological cycle, which is already heavily influenced by human activities. Climate change will directly affect groundwater recharge, groundwater quality and the freshwater-seawater interface. The variations of groundwater storage inevitably entail a variety of geomorphological and engineering effects. In the areas where water resources are likely to diminish, groundwater will be one of the main solutions to prevent drought. In spite of its paramount importance, the issue of ‘Climate Change and Groundwater’ has been neglected. This volume presents some of the current understanding of the topic.

Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 186 Seiten)

ISBN: 9781862392359

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol288/issue1/

Sprache: Englisch

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5

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Building Stone Decay: From Diagnosis to Conservation (2007)

Geological Society (London, U.K.) ; Prikryl, Richard ; Smith, Bernie

London : The Geological Society

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Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Stone buildings and monuments from the cultural centres of many of the world's urban areas. Frequently these areas are prone to high levels of atmospheric pollution that promote a variety of aggressive stone decay processes. Because of this, stone decay is now widely recognized as a severe threat to much of our cultural heritage. If this threat is to be successfully addressed it is essential that the symptoms of decay are clearly identified, that appropriate stone properties are accurately characterized and that decay processes are precisely identified. It is undoubtedly the case that successful conservation has to be underpinned by a comprehensive understanding of the causes of decay and the factors that control them. The accomplishment of these demanding goals requires an interdisciplinary approach based on co-operation between geologists, environmental scientists, chemists, material scientists, civil engineers, restorers and architects. In pursuit of this collaboration, this volume aims to strengthen the knowledge base dealing with the causes, consequences, prevention and solution of stone decay problems.

Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 330 Seiten)

ISBN: 9781862392182

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol271/issue1/

Sprache: Englisch

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6

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Fractured Reservoirs (2007)

Geological Society (London, U.K.) ; Lonergan, Lidia ; Jolly, Richard J. H. ; [weitere]

London : The Geological Society

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Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Fractured reservoirs contain a significant proportion of the global hydrocarbon reserves; however, they commonly exhibit unpredictable and extreme production behaviour. To develop such reservoirs it is necessary to obtain the best understanding possible of the fracture network and its impact on the fluid flow within the reservoir, using the full range of geoscience and engineering datasets available at all scales. This book presents an overview of current techniques and the latest technologies used to understand and exploit fractured reservoirs. The contributions are organized into sections on outcrop analogues, the application of geophysical techniques for fracture detection and imaging, numerical and analogue modelling and case studies from fields in the Middle East, Europe and North America. A number of the case studies also consider ways of assessing uncertainties in fracture geometry description and the implications for effective reservoir management.

Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 285 Seiten)

ISBN: 9781862392137

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol270/issue1/

Sprache: Englisch

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7

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Mapping Hazardous Terrain using Remote Sensing (2007)

Geological Society (London, U.K.) ; Teeuw, Richard M.

London : The Geological Society

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Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The dangers that we face from geohazards appear to be getting worse, especially with the impact of increasing population and global climate change. This collection of papers illustrates how remote sensing technologies - measuring, mapping and monitoring the Earth's surface from aircraft or satellites - can help us to rapidly detect and better manage geohazards. The hazardous terrains examined include areas of landslides, flooding, erosion, contaminated land, shrink-swell clays, subsidence, seismic activity and volcanic landforms. Key aspects of remote sensing are introduced, making this a book that can easily be read by those who are unfamiliar with remote sensing. The featured remote sensing systems include aerial photography and photogrammetry, thermal scanning, hyperspectral sensors, airborne laser altimetry (LiDAR), radar interferometry and multispectral satellites (Landsat, ASTER). Related technologies and methodogies, such as the processing of Digital Elevation Models and data analysis using Geographical Information Systems, are also discussed.

Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 169 Seiten)

ISBN: 9781862392298

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol283/issue1/

Sprache: Englisch

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8

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The Role of Women in the History of Geology (2007)

Geological Society (London, U.K.) ; Burek, Cynthia Veronica ; Higgs, Bettie

London : The Geological Society

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Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Where were the women in Geology? This book is a first as it unravels the diverse roles women have played in the history and development of geology as a science predominantly in the UK, Ireland and Australia, and selectively in Germany, Russia and US. The volume covers the period from the late eighteenth century to the present day and shows how the roles that women have played changed with time. These included illustrators, museum collectors and curators, educationalists, researchers and geologists. Originally as wives, sisters or mothers many were assistants to their male relatives. This book looks at all these forgotten women and for the first time historians and scientists together explore the contribution they made to this male-dominated subject. There are individual profiles on remarkable women: Catherine Raisin, Dorothea Bate, Cuvier's daughters, Grace Prestwich, Annie Greenly, Nancy Kirk, Margaret Crosfield, Ethel Skeat, Maria Ogivlie Gordon, Marie Stopes, Anne Phillips, Muriel Arber and Etheldred Bennett. Pulling together this extensive research uncovered common issues and generated emergent themes. The Editors have brought this new research together under these themes and tried to answer the question Where were the women in Geology? They go on to discuss how these role models can be applicable to today's society.

Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 342 Seiten)

ISBN: 9781862392274

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol281/issue1/

Sprache: Englisch

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9

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The Nature and Origin of Compression in Passive Margins (2008)

Geological Society (London, U.K.) ; Johnson, Howard ; Doré, Tony G. ; [weitere]

London : The Geological Society

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Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Increasingly, researchers have reported that passive margins do not show a simple uninterrupted thermal sag pattern of post-rift subsidence following continental separation. Rather, the structural and stratigraphic development of such margins may record evidence of complex phases of differential subsidence, exhumation and fold development. Some of the fold structures observed on passive continental margins appear to be related to regional stresses transmitted through basement rocks, whereas others are related to gravitational sliding and toe-thrusting. This special publication concentrates on the first of these categories. The morphology and distribution of such folds, together with potential mechanisms for generation of regional stress, are described in a series of papers by authorities in the field. As well as being an enigmatic feature of passive margin geology, the compressive folds have significance in the exploration for petroleum.

Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 220 Seiten)

ISBN: 9781862392618

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol306/issue1/

Sprache: Englisch

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Four Centuries of Geological Travel: The Search for Knowledge on Foot, Bicycle, Sledge and Camel (2007)

Geological Society (London, U.K.) ; Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.

London : The Geological Society

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Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: In the last four centuries geologists have traversed the globe, searching for economically important materials or simply to satisfy their intellectual curiosity. Geologists have often been at the vanguard of scientific exploration. The microscopist Robert Hooke explored the Isle of Wight, and Charles Darwin the Cape Verde islands and parts of South America. The volcanic wonders of Italy and central France attracted native and foreign visitors including Lyell and Murchison. The Tyrrell brothers faced great hardship in northern Canada, as did the actor and mineralogist Charles Lewis Giesecke in Greenland. The development of Sydney, Australia depended on finding limestone for building. French geologists relied on camels in the Sahara, and Grenville Cole trusted his tricycle to carry him across Europe. Four Centuries of Geological Travel: The Search for Knowledge on Foot, Bicycle, Sledge and Camel focuses on the complexities of geological exploration and will be of particular interest to Earth scientists, historians of science and to the general reader interested in science.

Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 415 Seiten)

ISBN: 9781862392342

URL: http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/vol287/issue1/

Sprache: Englisch

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