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  • Books  (285)
  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
  • IntechOpen  (266)
  • MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (19)
  • Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
  • Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
  • English  (285)
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  • Books  (285)
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  • English  (285)
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  • 1
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    Essential Oils (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In recent years, great progress has been made in the field of essential oils as scientific research has revealed new insights into the biological benefits, healing properties, and other uses. Interest in their use in various industries, such as medicine, agriculture, food, and cosmetics, has increased. Essential oils have found their place in many applications, thus fueling a wave of scientific research and industrial applications. This book explores these recent developments in detail, revealing new perspectives and applications of essential oils. It combines historical knowledge with the latest research to provide a comprehensive overview of the field. By exploring the ancient legacy of aromatic plants and their traditional medicinal uses, as well as delving into the latest research and industrial applications, this book provides a comprehensive understanding of essential oils and their potential.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Vitamin B and Vitamin E (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Vitamin B is a water-soluble vitamin that plays important roles in cell metabolism and synthesis of red blood cells. Many foods contain B vitamins, including meat, poultry, and fish, among others. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin with antioxidant properties that can be found in vegetable oils, cereals, meat, poultry, eggs, and fruits. Both vitamins B and E are important for human health. This book provides a comprehensive overview of vitamins B and E. It is organized into three sections on the role of vitamin B on body health and gut flora, vitamin B deficiency and its association with the disease pellagra, and the medicinal significance and complications associated with vitamin E deficiency.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Vegetation Index and Dynamics (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book contemplates methodologies that can be used in the teaching of future experts in agriculture and plant cultivation. It expresses the need for knowledge transfer for good territorial management in the current era of climate change. In most cases, land management at the planetary level is sustainable, but today's society demands sustainable development. To improve the training of technicians in sustainable development methodologies, this book presents some methods and techniques compatible with ecodevelopment.
    Keywords: Climax ; Diversity ; Ecology ; Shrubs ; Borders ; Grasslands ; Dynamic Stages ; Methodological Analysis ; Teaching Methods ; Conservation ; Exploitation ; Natural Resources ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Seed Biology (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Seeds are important reproductive materials that enable the continued existence of plants. They are the first step of life and the key to production, sufficiency, and nutrition, in other words, existence. This book provides a comprehensive overview of seed biology, with chapters on seed morphology, physiology, metabolomics, ecology, dormancy, storage, germination, and viability.
    Keywords: Flowering Time ; Environmental Factors ; Seed Production ; Species ; Harvest Period ; Seed Development ; Seed Dormancy ; Germination ; Longevity ; Storage ; Embryo ; Endosperm ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Plant Physiology Annual Volume 2023 (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book summarizes the design of drought-tolerant crops through CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing, focusing on reprogramming gene expression patterns that regulate the balance of plant hormones. The organic farming system is presented to highlight the potential role of alleviating changing climate-related abiotic stress. The current knowledge of artificial photosynthesis systems and cellular processes related to photosynthetic biochemistry was illustrated. Additionally, it explores intriguing subtopics of plant physiology, including an alternative natural rubber source and plant reproductive strategies, contributing to advancements in agricultural biotechnology. Recommended for students, teachers, and researchers interested in applied plant physiology, plant biochemistry, and crop breeding.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    〈i〉Elaeis guineensis〈/i〉 (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Elaeis guineensis is the scientific name for oil palm. It is also referred to as African oil palm as well as macaw fat. The industry is undoubtedly one of the most important commercial businesses in the world at present. The high oil yield of oil palms has made it a common cooking ingredient in Southeast Asia and the tropical belt of Africa. There are many new technologies hailed and explored to maintain the sustainability of the palm oil industry. This book provides an overview of these aspects while providing information on managing the gaps and voids of the industry in order to sustain its viability and feasibility. It is hoped that this book will provide valuable information to academics, industry personnel, manufacturers, and other categories of stakeholders of the palm oil industry alike.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Resource Management in Agroecosystems (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In our rapidly growing and changing world, the sustainable management of Earth’s resources has become an urgent global priority. Resource Management in Agroecosystems provides a compass for navigating this complex terrain. It offers a multifaceted exploration of resource management from sustainable agricultural practices to water and energy optimization, soil conservation, and biodiversity preservation. This book delves deep into the strategies needed to harmonize food production with environmental stewardship. Beyond addressing challenges, this book also spotlights opportunities, inviting readers to embark on a transformative journey. With profound gratitude to our authors, reviewers, and publishers, we invite you to join us in this intellectual odyssey. Let Resource Management in Agroecosystems guide you toward a more sustainable and resilient future, where the needs of humanity harmonize with the well-being of our planet.
    Keywords: climate change ; sustainability ; environment ; biodiversity ; global warming ; carbon sequestration ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Making Plant Life Easier and Productive Under Salinity (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Human health is closely linked with the health of the soil, which is both a vital resource for feeding the burgeoning global population via agriculture and vital to realizing most of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. However, increased salinization is significantly impacting the health of soil due to excess accumulation of varied salts (e.g., toxic ions including Cl− of Na+, HCO3−, Ca2+ and Mg2+, and sometimes SO42− and CO32−). Unfortunately, soil salinization has already affected about 20% of total arable land and 33% of irrigated land. Soil salinization negatively affects the health and productivity of plants and crops and thus threatens agriculture and food security worldwide. Moreover, it is predicted that by 2050, 16. 2 million ha of land will be affected by salt, which is predicted to cause 30%–50% yield losses worldwide. Making Plant Life Easier and Productive Under Salinity - Updates and Prospects provides a comprehensive overview of salinity and its major impacts. Chapters discuss important approaches for making plant life easier and more productive under salinity, the scale and complexity of salinity impacts on Sri Lankan rice farming systems, salinity stress responses of major metabolites, in vitro production of terpene in plants, the major mechanisms underlying phytohormone-mediated control of salinity impacts in plants, and genomics-assisted breeding approaches for achieving salinity tolerance in cereal crops.
    Keywords: phytohormones ; abiotic stress ; stress ; secondary metabolites ; in vitro ; stress tolerance ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Plant Abiotic Stress Responses and Tolerance Mechanisms (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Climate change is threatening the world’s agricultural systems. High temperatures, drought, salinity, greenhouse gas emissions, and more are abiotic stresses that hinder plants’ ability to survive. Thus, it is vitally important that science designs and develops strategies to help plants not only survive stress but also thrive under stressful conditions. Plant Abiotic Stress Responses and Tolerance Mechanisms provides a comprehensive overview of plant morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses to different abiotic stresses. It includes seven chapters that address such topics as current challenges and future threats of plant abiotic stresses, regulatory networks in plants under abiotic stresses, plant adaptation to temperature extremes and salinity, plant secondary metabolites and stress tolerance, and the role of phytohormones in plant stress tolerance.
    Keywords: oxidative stress ; nanoparticles ; drought ; salinity ; secondary metabolites ; genes ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Phosphorus in Soils and Plants (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Phosphorus (P) stands second to nitrogen in terms of its essentiality as a plant macronutrient, as well as due to its involvement in almost all plant developmental stages, primary and secondary plant metabolisms, maintenance of membrane structures, and in the structural skeleton of major biomolecules. An optimum P-supply also helps plants combat abiotic stress impacts. Most P in soil remains unavailable for uptake by plants. P-containing fertilizers are being added to agricultural lands to sustain high yields. Only the least amount of the applied P (20%–30%) is used by most cultivated plants, and the rest remains as legacy P (P surpluses), which eventually causes eutrophication. This book, Phosphorus in Soils and Plants, reviews P in soils and plants, P dynamics in the soil–water–sediment environment, the major roles of P in the photosynthetic dark phase-biochemical pathways, major approaches for the sustainable management of P in agriculture, main mechanisms underlying the role of P in the regulation of plant–microbe interactions in the rhizosphere, literature on the role of microbial phosphate solubilization in management of soil and plant nutrients, and insights into P recovery through waste transformation. This volume is an important resource for plant biologists involved in teaching or research who wish to advance their knowledge of P in soils and plants.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
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  • 11
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    Vegetation (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book looks at vegetation changes across the world. The use of normalized difference vegetation index, CORINE Land Cover, geographical information systems and remote sensing to monitor vegetation changes is highlighted. Conversion of dense forests into agricultural land, grazing areas or settlements and land cover changes in a Miombo woodland are reported. The role of neotropical forests as carbon pool stores and a reservoir of global biodiversity is explored. Influence of climate on island forest vegetation types, structure and diversity is reported in detail. Restoration of a degraded wildlife corridor through re-establishing native vegetation in India is also documented. Finally, the role of apomixes, a form of asexual reproduction via seed, in propagation of neotropical plants is discussed.
    Keywords: diversity, remote sensing, conservation, gis, global warming, deforestation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    A Feasible Approach for Natural Products to Treatment of Diseases (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Introducing “A Feasible Approach for Natural Products to Treatment of Diseases”–an exploration of the therapeutic potential locked within nature’s abundant offerings. This comprehensive reprint delves into the fascinating realm of natural products, uncovering their inherent properties, mechanisms of action, and potential roles in effective disease management. Through extensive scientific research and reviews, the authors shed light on the immense potential of natural products as a viable approach to enhancing health and combating diseases. This reprint presents a diverse and multidimensional exploration, bridging the gap between traditional wisdom and contemporary scientific understanding and offering new avenues for healthcare professionals, researchers, and enthusiasts to harness the power of nature’s remarkable resources. As a catalyst for unlocking the healing potential of natural products, this reprint inspires further investigation and innovation, and drives us towards a future where their integration into mainstream healthcare becomes indispensable. Discover the possibilities and embark on a health and well-being journey with “A Feasible Approach for Natural Products to Treatment of Diseases”.
    Keywords: cancer immunotherapy ; fructan ; FT-IR ; mass spectrometry ; young green barley ; COVID-19 ; β-glucans ; immunomodulation ; anti-inflammation ; anti-oxidant ; ACE2 regulation ; impedance ; ECIS ; antitumor activity ; anticancer properties ; betulin ; betulinic acid ; Amadori rearrangement compounds ; barley ; anti-obesity ; arginyl-fructose ; adipogenic ; ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraenol (ERGT) ; cholesta-5,7,22,24-tetraenol (CHT) ; ergosterol biosynthesis ; antimetabolite ; suicide substrate ; Trypanosoma brucei ; coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 ; main protease ; Saussurea costus ; molecular docking ; GC-MS profiling ; Molineria recurvata ; diabetic nephropathy ; urinary biomarkers ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; walnut ; Juglans regia ; high-fat diet ; insulin resistance ; cognitive function ; JNK/NFκB pathway ; Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium ; flavonoids ; anticancer ; mechanism ; phenotype ; Angelica sinensis polysaccharide ; Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide ; hexokinase 2 ; glycolysis ; JAK2/STAT3 pathway ; liver regeneration ; Holoptelea integrifolia ; MMP-9 ; wound healing ; friedelin ; oxalactam A ; macrolactam ; anti-Rhizoctonia solani ; Penicillium oxalicum ; molecular dynamics ; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ; natural products ; terpenoids ; mechanisms ; treatment ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 13
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    Amino Acid (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Amino Acid - New Insights and Roles in Plant and Animal provides useful information on new aspects of amino acid structure, synthesis reactions, dietary application in animals, and metabolism in plants. Section 1 includes chapters that describe the therapeutic uses, antiallergic effects, new aspects in the D-amino acid structure, historical background of desmosines, and stereoselective synthesis of ?-aminophosphonic acids. Section 2 presents the role of amino acids in plants, which includes new insights and aspects of D-amino acids, metabolism and transport in soybean, changes during energy storage compound accumulation of microalgae, and determination of amino acids from natural compounds. Section 3 describes the chapters on methodologies and requirement of dietary amino acids for Japanese quails, laying hens, and finishing pigs. The final chapter identifies potential importance of glutathione S-transferase activity for generating resistance to triclabendazole in Fasciola hepatica.
    Keywords: amino acids, biomarkers, bacteria, microalgae, phytochemicals, physiology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    Grasses (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book has been prepared to embody the major and efficient applications of the different duties and roles of grasses in our life, as well as offered a solid concept for this kind of science. The book aims to illustrate various ideas, methods and how it is treated in the agronomic process for different forms of grasses in human life.
    Keywords: climate change, bioremediation, food security, ecology, microorganisms, biological control ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Current Topics in Lactation (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Lactation is a fascinating process. Research over the last decade has provided new insights into the regulation of mammary gland development and involution. Lactation is the last step in reproduction, and therefore it is linked to reproduction strategy. Photoperiod species such as sheep, or pseudo-ovulatory (at mid-gestation) species as the rodent Lagostomus maximus, are interesting and unique models to study mammary gland physiology. This book also offers updated insights into the mechanisms that control postlactational involution, therefore also providing information to better understand breast cancer. Small noncoding RNA has opened new understanding in gene regulation. In this regard, our knowledge of mammary gland development and milk secretion has increased extremely. This book provides current scientific information on all these interesting topics. It will certainly be of great benefit to those interested in biomedical sciences.
    Keywords: mammary gland, breast cancer, microrna, melatonin, genome editing, cell death ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    Irrigation in Agroecosystems (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The agroecosystem is one of the most fascinating, purposely human-created functional units, by which human species made a huge leap from predators and nomads to food growers (agriculturists). Irrigation is one of the oldest and still one of the most effective agricultural practices for providing continuous and quality foodstuffs.
    Keywords: evapotranspiration, bacteria, water, fungi, virus, dispersion ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    Symbiosis in Nature (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Symbiosis is a vital and enduring interaction between two species in nature, benefiting both organisms involved. Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism are the three main types of symbiotic relationships. Mutualism benefits both species, commensalism benefits one species while leaving the other unaffected, and parasitism benefits one species at the expense of the other. These interactions play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem stability and functionality. Symbiosis relies on a close genetic, physiological, and morphological connection between the participating species. Numerous examples demonstrate the significance of symbiosis in nature. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, for instance, convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which plants can utilize as a nutrient. This process reduces the reliance on chemical fertilizers. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance nutrient and water absorption in plants, while certain bacteria in the soil improve nutrient availability, plant development, and photosynthesis. These instances highlight the diverse ways in which symbiosis supports the well-being of different species. This book thoroughly explores various aspects of symbiosis in nature, delving into topics such as signaling, its importance in agriculture, and its role in mitigating abiotic stresses. It also provides a comprehensive exploration of various aspects related to symbiosis in nature, offering readers a valuable opportunity to enhance their understanding of this subject. By offering valuable insights, the book sheds light on the beneficial relationships that exist between different species. Overall, symbiosis is an integral mechanism that promotes the interdependence and cooperation of species in nature. Understanding the complexities and benefits of symbiotic relationships is essential for comprehending and preserving the delicate balance within ecosystems.
    Keywords: rhizosphere, heavy metals, gut microbiota, legumes, regeneration, pathogens ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    Chlorophylls (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Chlorophyll, a green pigment present in almost all plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, is a significant biomolecule essential to photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light into energy. This book provides a comprehensive and easy-to-understand source of information on the latest developments in chlorophyll research. It is a collection of contributions from leading specialists in the subject. Topics discussed include the medicinal uses of chlorophyll, the electronic structure of chlorophyll monomers and oligomers, and chlorophyll estimate from fluorescence vertical profiles in the ocean.
    Keywords: Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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  • 19
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    Sustainability of Agroecosystems (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The present book is composed of modern theoretical and applied studies that highlight the core principles and evidence of sustainable agriculture. This work is systematically divided into two sections, which summarize crucial insights into this theme, such as agroecological concepts, case studies, soil health, and agroforestry systems. The chapters included in this book have been written by researchers whose expertise allows the relatively complex sustainable agroecosystem-related topics to be easily understood by any reader. Therefore, the target audience comprises not only scholars and specialists in the field but also common people and enthusiasts about this theme. Such chapter's collection is certainly a valuable resource about agricultural sustainable principles and a pleasure reading for those who are willing to dive more deeply into the study of "sustainability of agroecosystems."
    Keywords: biodiversity, agroforestry, soil fertility, soil quality, manure, crop yield ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 20
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    Proteomics Technologies and Applications (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Proteomics Technologies and Applications reviews and describes the nature and application of molecules with proteins or peptides, and elucidates and predicts the possible molecular and physiological causes related to changing proteomic profiles. Chapters target various methods and tools available for analysis, detection, separation, quantification, and localization of cell proteomes of a biological system, which are helpful as biomarkers for various disease prognoses and diagnoses.
    Keywords: mass spectrometry, biomarkers, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, glioblastoma ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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  • 21
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    Photosynthesis (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book is a compilation. It starts from the origins of the photosynthetic capacity of organisms with a summary of the evolution of photosynthesis. This is followed by a concise description of the photosynthetic process and a discussion of the role that light, nutrients, and cultivation play in the photosynthetic process using examples in each case. Finally, the book explains future improvements in the field by applying nanotechnology to improve photosynthetic productivity, explaining how crop productivity can be increased by engineering crop plants for tolerance against various environmental stresses and improving yield attributes, especially photosynthetic efficiency using nanomaterials.
    Keywords: sustainability, stress, biofilm, co2, plasticity, abiotic factors ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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  • 22
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    Revisiting Plant Biostimulants (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Revisiting Plant Biostimulants focuses on recent advances in plant biostimulants (PBs), an eco-friendly sustainable technology that supports the increased agricultural production required to feed rapidly growing populations. PBs contain diverse bioactive natural substances: (i) humic and fulvic acids, (ii) animal and vegetal protein hydrolysates, (iii) macroalgae seaweed extracts, and (iv) silicon, as well as beneficial microorganisms. There are many concerns about the sustainability of current conventional methods as continued use of chemicals degrades both soil and the environment. This book explores the use of PBs, and their potential responses to current and impending environmental change.
    Keywords: Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
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    Food Authentication: Techniques, Trends and Emerging Approaches (Second Issue) (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The authentication of foods and beverages is a very current topic of great interest for all the actors involved in the food chain, including the food industry, consumers, and food science researchers. Food authenticity covers many different aspects related to mislabeling, adulteration, and misleading claims about origin, production methods, or processing technologies. As many factors may affect the chemical composition of foods (e.g., geographical origin, variety or breed, conditions of cultivation, and breeding and/or feeding), the implementation of accurate, robust, and high-throughput analytical methods is needed to assess their authenticity and traceability and, consequently, guarantee their safety and quality in terms of organoleptic, nutritional, and bioactive characteristics. For these purposes, multiple analytical tools can be employed in combination with advanced chemometrics, such as spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, DNA-based methods, and state-of-the-art omics approaches. In this context, in 2020, the journal Foods launched the Special Issue “Food Authentication: Techniques, Trends and Emerging Approaches” to gather research papers and review articles dealing with the development and application of analytical techniques and emerging approaches in food authentication. Considering the success and popularity of this earlier Special Issue, we will now release a second Special Issue comprising ten valuable scientific contributions, including one review article, one commentary article, and eight original research articles.
    Keywords: rapid authentication ; handheld Raman ; NIR ; fatty acid profile ; oil qualification ; coffee authenticity ; HPLC-UV ; HPLC-FLD ; fingerprinting ; chemometrics ; food adulteration ; chicory ; barley ; flours ; fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy ; second-derivative spectrum ; red pepper powder ; geographical origin ; discriminant analysis ; SDS method ; Qiagen method ; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ; multiple attribute decision making (MADM) analysis ; Aerodramus ; coffee ; fermentation ; gastrointestinal tract ; Kopi Luwak ; civet ; characterization ; Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy ; cluster analysis ; Sherry vinegar ; spectralprint ; random forest ; support vector machine ; molecular traceability ; authentication ; agri-food ; molecular markers ; DNA barcoding ; isothermal amplification ; sequencing ; alkaline phosphatase determination ; PDO Pecorino Siciliano cheese ; raw milk determination ; vinegar ; protected designation of origin ; UV-Vis spectroscopy ; prediction ; sterols ; olive oil ; triterpenic dialcohols ; supported liquid extraction ; high performance liquid chromatography ; gas chromatography ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 24
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    Carotenoids (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Carotenoids are one of the most widespread pigment groups distributed in nature; more than 700 natural carotenoids have been described so far. These pigments are known for versatile roles they play in living organisms; however, their most pivotal function is involvement in scavenging of reactive oxygen species and photoprotection. In the same time, carotenoids as natural pigments with important biological activities, such as antioxidant and provitamin A activity, have a great potential in the food, feed and pharmaceutical industries. They can be either extracted from plants and algae or synthesized by various microorganisms, including bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi and microalgae.
    Keywords: β-carotene, antioxidants, toxicity, cardiovascular disease, stress, microalgae ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    A Critical Evaluation of Vitamin D (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The book A Critical Evaluation of Vitamin D - Basic Overview targets the physiological, biochemical and immunological aspects of vitamin D, including principles, mechanisms and clinical significance. This book covers four sections: ‘Vitamin D on Physical and Physiological Activities’, ‘Vitamin D on Biochemical and Immunological Activities’, ‘Vitamin D on Musculoskeletal and Neurological System’ and ‘Vitamin D on Reproductive System’. Each of these sections is interwoven with the theoretical aspects and experimental techniques of basic and clinical sciences. This book will be a significant source to students, scientists, physicians, healthcare professionals and also other members of this society who are interested in exploring the role of vitamin D in human life. We derive vitamin D from the sunshine, and hence it can also be considered as ‘day’ vitamin.
    Keywords: osteoporosis, vitamin d deficiency, cancer, inflammation, oxidative stress, biomarkers ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Next-Generation Greenhouses for Food Security (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Modern greenhouse technology has revolutionized the food supply chain scenario over the past 40 years. Closed-field cultivation by means of agri-cubes, plant factories, vertical farming structures, and roof-top solar greenhouses has become the backbone of sustainable agriculture for producing all-year-round fresh fruits and vegetables. This book is an attempt to explore several profound questions such as how digital technology and simulation models have saved energy in commercial greenhouses, and why growers prefer LPWAN sensors and IoT monitoring devices over the traditional timer-based controllers? How artificial intelligence is capable of performing microclimate prediction and control, and what considerations should be taken into account for implementing desiccant evaporative cooling systems? With case-study examples and field experiments, each chapter highlights some of the most recent solutions and adaptation strategies toward improving the efficiency and sustainability of closed-field crop production systems.
    Keywords: computational fluid dynamics, internet of things, photosynthesis, energy balance, crop, hydroponics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Insights on Antimicrobial Peptides (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Modern medicine is impossible without antibiotics, but global antibiotic usage has led to the development of increasing numbers of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. Thus, we still have problems with infectious disease treatment despite an arsenal of antibiotics. This has forced researchers to develop new drugs that will be effective against resistant bacteria. Some of these prospective molecules are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are an important component of the innate immune system of various organisms in nature. Currently, more than 3,000 AMPs have been reported with different activities against different bacterial species including resistant phenotype bacteria. AMPs display remarkable structural and functional diversity that is not completely understood. As such, this book presents a comprehensive overview of AMPs and their mechanism of action against MDR bacteria.
    Keywords: Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Metabolomics (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Metabolomics is the methodology and theory to study the metabolome, including targeted approaches based on selected/multiple reaction monitoring (SRM/MRM) and untargeted approaches based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or mass spectrometry (MS). The metabolome contains all metabolites derived from sugars, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in a given biological system, tissue, cell, or body fluid in a metabolic network system. Metabolomic variations directly link to molecular mechanisms of a disease, reliable therapeutic targets, and effective biomarkers for prediction, diagnosis, and prognostic assessment of disease. This book presents new advances in the concept and methodology of metabolomics, as well as applications of metabolomics in the research and practice of medical and life sciences.
    Keywords: biomarkers, drug discovery, metabolites, personalized medicine, transgenic plant, fungus ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Importance of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant System in Health and Disease (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Oxidative stress is a major contributor to the etiology of chronic disorders like cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Long-term exposure to elevated levels of pro-oxidant substances can lead to structural damage in mitochondrial DNA as well as functional changes in a number of enzymes and cellular components, which can lead to abnormalities in gene expression. Modern lifestyles, which include eating processed food, exposure to a variety of chemicals, and not exercising, are significant factors in the development of oxidative stress. However, the ability of medicinal plants with antioxidant capabilities to cure or prevent a number of human illnesses in which oxidative stress appears to be a contributing factor has been demonstrated. A growing body of research links free radicals to the etiology of many diseases, supporting the use of antioxidants as a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of pathologies caused by free radicals. Despite these remarkable advances, there is still much to learn about the relationship between free radicals and antioxidants. Understanding the principles behind pathological and physiological disorders caused by free radicals is crucial. Importance of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant System in Health and Disease contributes to understanding the fundamental principles of oxidative stress and the effects of antioxidants on disease and health.
    Keywords: reactive oxygen species ; antioxidants ; cardiovascular disease ; phytochemicals ; drug resistance ; infertility ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Vitamin E in Health and Disease (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Vitamin E is a group of fat-soluble compounds found in a wide variety of foods. Daily requirements of vitamin E can be met with a balanced diet. High-dose supplementation may be hazardous rather than beneficial. Vitamin E serves as an antioxidant, participates in anti-inflammatory processes, inhibits platelet aggregation, and enhances immunity. Vitamin E supplementation can be beneficial against coronary artery disease, eye disorders, cognitive decline, cancer, and skin aging. This book will mainly focus on the diverse functions of vitamin E, importance of vitamin E status to provide a healthy lifespan, and the interaction between vitamin E and several pathological conditions. Readers will receive a general overview of the importance of vitamin E in health and different pathological conditions.
    Keywords: oxidative stress, antioxidants, pregnancy, nutrition, medicinal plants, reactive oxygen species ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Grasses and Grassland (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Grasslands are of vital significance globally by covering more than one-quarter of the earth’s surface. They are known by a variety of names, such as prairies, pampas, steppes, savannas, and so on, and provide feed to animals as well as serve as biodiversity reserves and catchment areas. Under the changing climate scenario, they can potentially serve as carbon sinks, which might alleviate the adverse effects of greenhouse gas emissions. This book provides fundamental knowledge of underutilized grasses of economic significance as well as discusses advancements in grasslands management for boosting their bio-productivity. There is a particular focus on state-of-the-art strategies for the restoration and conservation of grasslands in the era of changing climate.
    Keywords: Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Plant Engineering (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Undernourishment in some areas and abundance in others, accelerated climate changes, food distribution and security challenges, fluctuating economic and political stability and oversaturation in information - this is the world we are living in today. It seems that there is no time for the basic science plant research; instead of years of dedicated investigation, scientists are forced to wrap up their know-how in a project-oriented deliverables as fast as possible. The main strength of this book is the new knowledge about plant engineering that could be transferred into the applied science and, later on, to the industry. However, we should not forget that all great discoveries begin with the fundamental research, the wealth of good ideas and the dedicated scientific work.
    Keywords: climate change, sustainable development, gene expression, reactive oxygen species, metabolomics, gamma rays ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Climate Resilient Agriculture (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The changing climatic scenario has affected crop production in the adverse ways, and the impact of it on agriculture is now emerging as a major priority among crop science researchers. Agriculture in this changing climatic scenario faces multiple diverse challenges due to a wide array of demands. Climate-resilient agriculture is the need of the hour in many parts of the world. Understanding the adverse effects of climatic change on crop growth and development and developing strategies to counter these effects are of paramount importance for a sustainable climate-resilient agriculture. This multiauthored edited book brings out sound climate-resilient agriculture strategies that have a strong basic research foundation. We have attempted to bridge information from various diverse agricultural disciplines, such as soil science, agronomy, plant breeding, and plant protection, which can be used to evolve a need-based technology to combat the climatic change in agriculture.
    Keywords: drought, food security, global warming, salinity, heat stress, greenhouse gas ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Advances in the Astonishing World of Phytochemicals: State-of-the-Art for Antioxidants (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint represents a collection of scientific papers belonging to a Special Issue of Antioxidants entitled "Advances in the Astonishing World of Phytochemicals: State-of-the-Art for Antioxidants". Several studies have revealed that plants are a source of a plethora of bioactive compounds, such as phytohormones, glycosides, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and essential oils, with a strong potential impact in the fields of pharmaceutics and agriculture. These phytochemicals represent a valuable weapon that plants use in self-defense in order to counteract the effects of abiotic stress disturbing the delicate equilibrium between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense systems. In recent years, interest in this area of research has been increasing due to the multifaceted properties of natural compounds with antioxidants having anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanism of their action is crucial to establishing their real potential in applied sciences. This reprint focuses on the most recent advances in the study of antioxidant molecular mechanisms activated by phytochemicals, with potential pharmacological and agricultural applications. We thank all the authors for their contribution to the research topic of this reprint and all editorial staff for their valuable support.
    Keywords: antioxidant response element (ARE) ; Nrf2 signaling pathway ; bioactive byproducts ; proanthocyanidins ; oxidative stress mechanisms ; thinned apples ; polyphenols ; anti-oxidant ; anti-inflammatory ; NRF2 ; NF-κB ; proteomics ; antioxidants ; acetylcholinesterase ; 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl ; HPLC ; medicinal plants ; oxidative stress ; cytotoxicity ; hepatoprotective effects ; HeLa cancer ; inflammation ; mass spectrometry ; oxidation ; prostate cancer ; phytochemical ; phenolic acids ; phenolic mixtures ; interaction effect ; antioxidant activity ; FRAP ; ORAC ; Achillea millefolium ; yarrow extract ; H. pylori ; supercritical anti-solvent fractionation ; anti-inflammatory activity ; antibacterial activity ; A. gangeticus ; protein and dietary fiber ; minerals ; phytochemicals ; HPLC-UV DPPH ; ABTS+ ; PA profiles ; NaCl ; Mexican Gordolobo ; supercritical CO2 extraction ; fatty acids ; biomass valorization ; mountain pepper ; rosella ; strawberry gum ; lemon aspen ; flavonoids ; anthocyanins ; bioavailability ; LC-MS/MS ; microalgae ; exopolysaccharides ; phycoerythrin ; biocompatibility ; wound healing ; Echinacea purpurea extracts ; fractions ; phenols/carboxylic acids ; alkylamides ; human primary macrophages ; pressurized liquid extraction ; seaweeds ; green extraction technique ; bioactive compounds ; functional ingredients ; food packaging ; future trends ; tomato-based products ; metabolic syndrome ; HFD ; antioxidant capacity ; phytonutrients ; yarrow ; fragmentation pathway ; electrospray ionization ; secondary metabolites ; horseradish ; mass spectra ; kaolinite ; phyto-carrier system ; phytocompounds ; methyl gallate ; autophagy ; apoptosis ; p53 ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Soybean (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Soybean is an agricultural crop of tremendous economic importance. Soybean and food items derived from it form dietary components of numerous people, especially those living in the Orient. The health benefits of soybean have attracted the attention of nutritionists as well as common people.
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Quantitative Structure-activity Relationship (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The book, which is related to QSAR in sciences, is divided into five main chapters. The first chapter is the Introductory chapter. The second chapter aims to provide an update of the recent advances in the field of rational design of PDE inhibitors. The third chapter includes designing a series of peptidic inhibitors that possessed a substrate transition-state analog and evaluating the structure-activity relationship of the designed inhibitors, based on docking and scoring, using the docking simulation software Molecular Operating Environment. The aim of the forth chapter is to develop structure-property relationships for the qualitative and quantitative prediction of the reverse-phase liquid chromatographic retention times of chlorogenic acids. The final chapter aims to determine the model of interactions between the natural compounds with anti-inflammatory molecular target by molecular docking analysis.
    Keywords: alzheimer’s disease, molecular dynamics, anti-inflammatory, fractal dimension, natural compounds, coffee ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Genetic Diversity in Plants (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Genetic diversity is of fundamental importance in the continuity of a species as it provides the necessary adaptation to the prevailing biotic and abiotic environmental conditions, and enables change in the genetic composition to cope with changes in the environment. Genetic Diversity in Plants presents chapters revealing the magnitude of genetic variation existing in plant populations. The increasing availability of PCR-based molecular markers allows the detailed analyses and evaluation of genetic diversity in plants and also, the detection of genes influencing economically important traits. The purpose of the book is to provide a glimpse into the dynamic process of genetic variation by presenting the thoughts of scientists who are engaged in the generation of new ideas and techniques employed for the assessment of genetic diversity, often from very different perspectives. The book should prove useful to students, researchers, and experts in the area of conservation biology, genetic diversity, and molecular biology.
    Keywords: Plant reproduction & propagation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Superfood and Functional Food (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Superfoods and functional foods are receiving increasing attention because of their important roles in health. This book focuses on the production of superfoods and functional foods and their role as medicine. In the early chapters, prominent researchers introduce the roles and production of microalgae and functional fruits through metabolic engineering, the use of food waste, and effective cooking procedures. In the latter chapters, other prominent researchers introduce the medical effects of polyphenols, glutamine, and unsaturated fatty acids, which are contained in superfoods and functional foods. They suggest the importance of superfoods and functional foods in the treatment and prevention of many diseases. It is also recommended for readers to take a look at a related book, Superfood and Functional Food: An Overview of Their Processing and Utilization.
    Keywords: cancer, bioactive compounds, microalgae, biotechnology, cardiovascular diseases, functional foods ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Soil Contamination (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This edited book, Soil Contamination - Current Consequences and Further Solutions, is intended to provide an overview on the different environmental consequences of our anthropogenic activities, which has introduced a large number of xenobiotics that the soil cannot, or can only slower, decompose or degrade. We hope that this book will continue to meet the expectations and needs of all interested in diverse fields with expertise in soil science, health, toxicology, and other disciplines who contribute and share their findings to take this area forward for future investigations.
    Keywords: heavy metals, bioremediation, plant growth, pahs, bioreactors, medicinal plants ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    A Critical Evaluation of Vitamin D (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin, also called as "sunshine vitamin" is derived mostly from sun exposure and food, and for normal activation, it has to undergo two hydroxylation reactions. Vitamin D affects more than 2000 genes in the body. Serum level of 25(OH) D is an ideal indicator of vitamin D status in our body. Vitamin D deficiency leads to various diseases. On a therapeutic point of view, vitamin D helps to treat many diseases. The book "A Critical Evaluation of Vitamin D - Clinical Overview" targets the principles, mechanisms, and clinical significance of vitamin D. This book covers four sections: "Vitamin D in Cardiovascular and Renal Diseases", "Vitamin D in Age and Neurological Diseases", "Vitamin D and Cancer" and "Therapeutic Measurements of Vitamin D". Each of these sections is interwoven with the theoretical aspects and experimental techniques of basic and clinical sciences. This book will be a significant source to students, scientists, physicians, healthcare professionals and also other members of this society who are interested in exploring the role of vitamin D in human life. [Vitamin D can be considered as vitamin of "defense" since it cures several diseases. - Sivakumar Gowder]
    Keywords: chronic kidney disease, vitamin d deficiency, breast cancer, nanoparticles, alzheimer’s disease, cardiovascular disease ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Frontiers and New Trends in the Science of Fermented Food and Beverages (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: From time immemorial fermented foods have undoubtedly contributed to the progress of modern societies. Historically, ferments have been present in virtually all human cultures worldwide, and nowadays natives from many ancient cultures still conduct a wide variety of food fermentations using deep-rooted recipes and processes. Within the last four centuries, scientific research has started to unravel many aspects of the biological process behind fermentations, which has contributed to the improvement of many industrial processes. During our journey in the research field, we have always been attracted to the development of scientific research around fermentations, especially autochthonous ferments: a natural repository of novel biomolecules and biological processes that will positively impact on many application fields from health, to food, to materials.
    Keywords: nutrition, fermentation, fluorescence, probiotics, antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Kinetics of Enzymatic Synthesis (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Kinetics of Enzymatic Synthesis gives insight into different aspects of chemical reactions that are catalyzed by enzymes. This book is divided into two sections: "Enzyme Kinetics" and "Enzymatic Synthesis". The first section consists of two chapters with a halophilic enzyme kinetics and thermodynamic approach towards analyzing the influence of co-solvents on the Michaelis constants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The second section consists of three chapters. Production of isoamyl acetate using the enzymatic synthesis method between acetic anhydride and isoamyl alcohol by having enzyme Candida antarctica Lipase B as catalyst in a solvent-free system is discussed in the third chapter. The integrated scheme with the use of the filtrate from the pretreatment of the CS and the growth conditions of Pleurotus cystidiosus is studied in the fourth chapter. The last chapter of this section provides the conditions of the key parameters in microfluidic systems (residence times, flow rates, concentrations) applied for a sequential process from liquid/liquid extraction of LVV-h7.
    Keywords: cellulose, lignin, biorefinery, thermodynamics, bioactive peptides, microfluidic ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Polymerase Chain Reaction for Biomedical Applications (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Do you want to know the details that should be taken into consideration in order to have accurate conventional and real-time PCR results? If so, this book is for you. Polymerase Chain Reaction for Biomedical Applications is a collection of chapters for both novice and experienced scientists and technologists aiming to address obtaining an optimized real-time PCR result, simultaneous processing of a large number of samples and assays, performing PCR and RT-PCR on cell lysate without extraction of DNA or RNA, detecting false-positive PCR results, detecting organisms in viral and microbial diseases and hospital environment, following safety assessments of food products, and using PCR for introduction of mutations. This is a must-have book for any PCR laboratory.
    Keywords: gene expression, pcr, microrna, food safety, microorganisms, dna ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Vitamin K2 (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book serves as a comprehensive survey of the impact of vitamin K2 on cellular functions and organ systems, indicating that vitamin K2 plays an important role in the differentiation/preservation of various cell phenotypes and as a stimulator and/or mediator of interorgan cross talk. Vitamin K2 binds to the transcription factor SXR/PXR, thus acting like a hormone (very much in the same manner as vitamin A and vitamin D). Therefore, vitamin K2 affects a multitude of organ systems, and it is reckoned to be one positive factor in bringing about "longevity" to the human body, e.g., supporting the functions/health of different organ systems, as well as correcting the functioning or even "curing" ailments striking several organs in our body. Vitamin K2 - Vital for Health and Wellbeing has been produced and distributed through the support from Kappa Bioscience, Norway.
    Keywords: nf-κb, drug delivery, bacteria, hepatocellular carcinoma, cardiovascular, osteoporosis ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Protein Phosphorylation (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Protein phosphorylation reactions are carried out in a cell by protein kinases, which predominantly use ATP as a phosphate donor that is transferred and covalently bound to an amino acid on a substrate protein. Protein phosphorylation was discovered in 1954 by Edmond Fischer who shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 1992 with Edwin Krebs. There are so many kinases that one was called "Just Another Kinase" for JAK kinase. Their counterpart is protein phosphatases that remove phosphates from phosphorylated proteins. Kinases and phosphatases act as switches in the cell that activates or inactivates protein functions. These reactions are reversible; the cell can quickly react to a situation but can then go back to its initial state.
    Keywords: cancer, biomarker, biosensor, aggregation, spinal cord injury, neurotoxicity ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Phytochemicals (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Phytochemicals provides original research work and reviews on the sources of phytochemicals, and their roles in disease prevention, supplementation, and accumulation in fruits and vegetables. The roles of anthocyanin, flavonoids, carotenoids, and taxol are presented in separate chapters. Antioxidative and free radicle scavenging activity of phytochemicals is also discussed. The medicinal properties of Opuntia, soybean, sea buckthorn, and gooseberry are presented in a number of chapters. Supplementation of plant extract with phytochemical properties in broiler meals is discussed in one chapter. The final two chapters include the impact of agricultural practices and novel processing technologies on the accumulation of phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables. This book mainly focuses on medicinal plants and the disease-preventing properties of phytochemicals, which will be a useful resource to the reader.
    Keywords: flavonoids, cancer, oxidative stress, medicinal plants, bioactive compounds, essential oils ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Cucumber Economic Values and Its Cultivation and Breeding (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Cucumber is a well-known and popular vegetable because of its rich nutrient profile and versatile uses in culinary, therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. This book provides information on the plant’s origins, biology, and breeding as well as research on its economic value, utilization, cultivation, and therapeutic benefits.
    Keywords: diabetes, flavonoids, fermentation, soil, biological control, lactic acid bacteria ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Recent Progress in Plant Taxonomy and Floristic Studies (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Taxonomy, floristic studies, biosystematics, classical taxonomy, and modern taxonomic advances; phylogenomics, phylogenetics, and biogeography, including phylogeography; and the description of well-documented new taxonomic taxa, monographs, and taxonomic revisions. It incorporates data from classical morphology (including both macro and micro morphology), molecular study, anatomy and ecology, distribution, molecular evolution, evolutionary development, population biology, conservation biology, evolutionary ecology, paleobiology, and related methods and theories in recent development in systematics and floristic studies.
    Keywords: species boundaries ; species concept ; taxonomic relationship ; conservation ; future climate change ; ecology ; Mimosoideae taxa ; pollen morphology ; taxonomic relevance ; light microscopy ; scanning electron microscopy ; Dalbergia ; Early Miocene ; ITS ; long-distance dispersal ; matK ; monophyletic ; rbcL ; flora ; environmental variable ; multivariate analysis ; soil moisture ; Shangla district ; Pakistan ; coastal and insular vegetation ; protected areas ; coastal wetland ; freshwater swamp ; mangrove ; lowland dipterocarp forest ; exine sculpturing ; palynomorph ; pollen grains ; Arabian Peninsula ; chorology ; flora of Saudi Arabia ; flora of West Asia ; Hijazi Mountains ; Jabal Al-Ward ; Tabuk ; Saudi Arabia ; bioclimatology ; agronomy ; olive cultivation ; climate change ; vegetation cover ; antioxidant capacity ; bioactive compounds ; endangered medicinal species ; high altitude environment ; oxidative stresses ; protectorate ; fernlike plant ; new syntaxa ; Ophioglossaceae ; phytosociological study ; palynoflora ; taxonomic ; microscopy ; systematics ; vegetation’s origin ; Turkish flora ; surface ; clustering analysis (CA) ; principle component analysis (PCA) ; Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) ; leaf ; morphometry ; morphotype ; Ricinus communis ; SEM ; stomata ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
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    Affinity Chromatography (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Most will agree that one major achievement in the bio-separation techniques is affinity chromatography. This coined terminology covers a myriad of separation approaches that relies mainly on reversible adsorption of biomolecules through biospecific interactions on the ligand. Within this book, the authors tried to deliver for you simplified fundamentals of affinity chromatography together with exemplarily applications of this versatile technique. We have always been endeavor to keep the contents of the book crisp and easily comprehensive, hoping that this book will receive an overwhelming interest, deliver benefits and valuable information to the readers.
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Agroecosystems (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book, “Agroecosystems – Very Complex Environmental Systems”, aims to present an update on different aspects associated with the importance of sustainable agriculture. It was our intention to gather information from diverse sources in this volume and to give some real-life examples, extending the appreciation of the complexity of this subject in a way that may stimulate new approaches in relevant fields.
    Keywords: remote sensing, conservation, biodiesel, gis, cyanobacteria, pretreatment ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Solubility of Polysaccharides (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Sugars, with a scientific term as saccharides, are involved in various aspects in the lives of human beings, including the sense of taste, energy for daily life, etc. Recent development in polysaccharides, as well as the background knowledge in this field, further deepens insight into their roles as healthy supplements. In this book, the principles on polysaccharides' solubility and structure, methodologies and application of polysaccharides have been reviewed. The chapters in this book include the relationship between structure and solubility of polysaccharide, the experimental and computational researches on polysaccharide solubility and the common polysaccharide, which may further aid scholars and researchers in regard to solubility of polysaccharides, methodologies and modification.
    Keywords: chitosan, antioxidant activity, chitin, rheology, hydrolysis, osmotic pressure ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Current and Emerging Challenges in the Diseases of Trees (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This Edited Volume Current and Emerging Challenges in the Diseases of Trees is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters, offering a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of Life Sciences. The book comprises single chapters authored by various researchers and edited by an expert active in the Agricultural and Biological Sciences research area. All chapters are complete in themselves but united under a common research study topic. This publication aims at providing a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors on Agricultural and Biological Sciences and open new possible research paths for further novel developments.
    Keywords: epidemiology ; bacteria ; citrus ; pests ; anthracnose ; botanicals ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Plant Physiological Aspects of Phenolic Compounds (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Phenolic compounds are considered secondary metabolites within the physiology of a plant. They have different functions, such as pollination systems, sun protection, protection against pathogens and diseases, etc.Research on these compounds has increased due to the number of molecules they can include and the different biological activities they demonstrate. It is important to know the methods of extracting molecules, the biosynthesis routes, and their relationship with activities that can benefit from their consumption. Therefore, the book includes chapters that provide information on extraction and optimization techniques, biosynthetic pathways, and the identification and characterization of miRNAs involved in the regulation of their biosynthesis.
    Keywords: polyphenols, oxidative stress, antioxidant, nutrition, bioactive compounds, metabolism ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Reactive Sulfur Species in Biology and Medicine (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a naturally occurring signaling molecule produced in vivo and plays a pivotal role in regulating a wide array of physiological processes. Additionally, emerging findings have illuminated that many of the biological effects initially attributed to H2S may actually stem from other reactive sulfur species (RSS), including hydropersulfides (RSSH) and various higher-order polysulfur species (RSSnH, RSSnR, and HSnH, where n 〉 1). These studies have underscored the contributions of these species to essential cellular processes, such as the efficient scavenging of reactive oxygen species and electrophiles, and their influence on mitochondrial function. Nonetheless, the chemistry of RSS remains challenging due to their inherently reactive nature, and their precise measurement within biological systems continues to pose a formidable challenge. This compilation of reprints focuses on recent advancements in the field of H2S/RSS chemical biology. It encompasses original research studies and comprehensive reviews, all geared towards exploring the therapeutic potential of H2S/RSS donors in the treatment of various conditions, including cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, it delves into the molecular mechanisms and physiological roles played by RSS along with the development of methodologies for quantifying and measuring the distribution of RSS within biological systems.
    Keywords: reactive sulfur species ; hydrogen sulfide ; polysulfides ; pharmacology ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Fatty Acids (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The purpose of this book is to concentrate on recent developments on fatty acids. The articles collected in this book are contributions by invited researchers with a long-standing experience in different research areas. We hope that the material presented here is understandable to a broad audience, not only scientists but also people with general background in many different biological sciences. This volume offers you up-to-date, expert reviews of the fast-moving field of fatty acids. The book is divided into four major sections: (1) Fatty Acids in Physiopathology, (2) Fatty Acids and Cancer, (3) Fatty Acids in Aquatic Organisms, and (4) Fatty Acids in Veterinary and Dairy Products.
    Keywords: cancer, microalgae, inflammation, pregnancy, nutrition, cardiovascular disease ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Grain and Seed Proteins Functionality (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Climate resilience and growing population are the two main global challenges that encourage the development of an affordable and sustainable source of vegetable protein to ensure future food security. Advanced scientific programs and agro-food developments should be proprietarily on-demand to face different stresses in order to maintain yield and quality of seed production. In this regard, legume crops are key sustainable alternatives for healthier diets while contributing to appropriate natural resource management. Taken together, the 11 chapters in this book represent a generous addition to the progress in our understanding of climate-resilient legumes, hoping to contribute to the improvement of global food security in the future.
    Keywords: nutraceuticals, functional properties, bioactive peptides, essential amino acids, cancer, diabetes mellitus ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Monitoring Lakes Water Based on Multisource Remote Sensing and Novel Modeling Techniques (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Inland lakes are indicators of climate change and environmental deterioration. As a unique ecosystem unit, an inland lake is one of the basic locations for human survival and development. In recent years, with the rapid development of regional society and economy, the ecological environment of inland lakes has been continuously disturbed by human activities under the influence of large-scale water and soil exploitation activities, which have affected the ecological environment of lakes. Therefore, lake ecological restoration and water quality monitoring under the coupled effect of climate change and human activities are the key to lake protection and management. In recent years, remote sensing has played an increasingly important role in the monitoring of the terrestrial water cycle. Remote sensing technology has been applied in many fields, such as water storage, water quality, water level, and hydrodynamics. Furthermore, the explosive growth of remote sensing data applications is driven by the coupling of multisource remote sensing data and the expansion of new modeling technology.
    Keywords: Lakes ; rivers ; water environment ; remote sensing ; modeling ; water resource management ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Polymers from Renewable Resources (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The aim of this reprint is to provide more awareness of the use of bioplastics obtained from renewable resources in numerous aspects of our daily used items. This reprint presents recent progress in the use of innovative feedstock, full characterization of new biomaterials and innovative technologies used to produce innovative sustainable materials.
    Keywords: biobased polymers ; biobased polyesters ; biodegradable polymers ; sustainable development ; waste-derived materials ; renewable resources ; sustainable packaging ; green composites ; furan-based polymers ; compostable materials&nbsp ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Celebrating 〈em〉Applied Sciences〈/em〉 Reaches 20,000 Articles Milestone: Invited Papers in "Applied Dentistry and Oral Sciences" Section (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: We are delighted to present this Special Issue to celebrate a remarkable milestone in the journey of Applied Dentistry. With great pleasure, we announce the publication of the journal's 20,000th paper. This remarkable achievement reflects the unwavering commitment and dedication of our esteemed authors, reviewers, and readers who have contributed to the advancement of dental research.Over the years, Applied Dentistry has emerged as a beacon of knowledge, serving as a platform for the dissemination of cutting-edge research and innovative ideas in various domains of dental science. Our journal encompasses a wide range of disciplines, covering everything from dental materials and biomaterials to preventive and therapeutic strategies, from clinical applications to regenerative dentistry.We envision this milestone as a stepping stone toward even greater accomplishments. Through the collaboration and collective efforts of researchers worldwide, we strive to push the boundaries of dental science, explore new frontiers, and improve oral health outcomes for individuals across the globe.In conclusion, we extend our warmest congratulations to all those who have contributed to the publication of the Special Issue celebrating Applied Dentistry's 20,000th paper milestone.
    Keywords: cigarette smoking ; cytokines ; pain ; peri-implantitis ; peri-implant crevicular fluid ; inflammation ; sealers ; vertical fracture ; root filling ; fracture resistance ; obturation technique ; clinical manifestations ; gingival disorders ; oral scurvy ; scurvy ; vitamin C deficiency ; marginal misfit ; laser profilometry ; Micro-CT ; selective laser melting ; CAD-CAM ; periapical surgery ; surgical endodontic treatment ; preoperative factors ; prospective study ; migrants ; middle-and low-income countries ; oral health of migrants ; oral hygiene habits ; migrant children’s oral health status ; dental caries ; gingival bleeding ; polymers ; polymethyl methacrylate ; bacteria ; disinfection ; oral health ; tooth shade ; skin color ; shade and age ; skin and shade ; Saudi ; PMMA ; acrylic teeth ; non-anatomic teeth ; semi-anatomic teeth ; injection molding technique ; compression molding technique ; denture processing ; tooth movement ; denture base resin ; posterior tooth form ; linear dimensional change ; complete denture ; CAD/CAM ; resin composite ; hardness ; instrumented indentation testing ; titanium alloy ; zirconia ; retention ; additive manufacturing ; subtractive manufacturing ; custom post and core ; 3D printing ; non-precious alloy ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    New Trends in Ion Exchange Studies (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book covers new systems in technology that have developed our knowledge of ion exchange. This book discusses ion exchange resins to enhance cell growth; anion exchange membrane; nanosystems in ion exchange and ion exchange in environmental applications. The ion exchange system is used in bionanotechnology, cosmetic industry and water treatment.
    Keywords: chitosan, drug delivery, biomarker, water, nanotechnology, polymer ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Agro-Economic Risks of Phytophthora and an Effective Biocontrol Approach (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book examines the risk of Phytophthora infection on different economic plants. It is divided into three sections that address the threats of Phytophthora infections to economic plants in Egypt and Ghana, the biocontrol of Phytophthora infections, and the prevalence and recognition of Phytophthora infection. This book discusses significant aspects of Phytophthora diseases as well as methods of their control to maintain sustainable agriculture and national economy. It is a valuable scientific resource for farmers, agriculturists, and other interested readers.
    Keywords: epidemiology, deep learning, bacteria, sustainable development, pathogenicity, internet of things (iot) ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Peripheral Membrane Proteins (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The peripheral membrane proteins transduce the extracellular signaling into the cells. The peripheral membrane proteins include the G protein-coupled receptors, receptor tyrosine kinases, channels and transporters. The signals, which are transduced via the peripheral membrane proteins, activate several pathways including G protein signaling, MAPK signaling, TNF signaling, TGF? signaling, Wnt signaling and Hedgehog signaling. The peripheral membrane proteins transduce the signaling from the extracellular ligands into the cells. This book intends to provide a comprehensive overview of the features and signaling of peripheral membrane proteins, which includes the molecular structure and interaction. The insights into membrane proteins associated with diseases and therapeutics and the effects of drugs and chemicals are also discussed in this book.
    Keywords: innate immunity, prostate cancer, yeast, signal transduction, crystallization, morphogenesis ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Plant Competition in Cropping Systems (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In the coming years, farmers will face difficult challenges throughout the world in terms of climate change, water scarcity, and environmental issues caused by conventional agricultural technologies. Effective management of natural resources can be encouraged by orienting the common agricultural practices towards the functional biodiversity concept in designing and implementing sustainable and eco-friendly cropping systems. In the framework of polycrop science, this book provides basic principles and several case studies of polycrop utilization in various regions of the world as a method of functional biodiversity amplification through species associations that maximize the productivity per unit of land area, suppress the growth and development of weeds, and reduce the amount of harmful pests and insects.
    Keywords: sustainability, biodiversity, biological control, cassava, legumes, agroforestry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
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    Peat (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Peatlands are formed in limited areas and have significant effects on our planet. As a result of their use peatlands are continually shrinking on a daily basis. This edited book, Peat, is intended to provide an overview of different perspectives of peat material in relevant disciplines. We hope that this book will contribute to the expectations and needs of all relevant disciplines that share their findings for future research.
    Keywords: land use, carbon, drainage, dye, design, humic acids ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Neurorehabilitation: Looking Back and Moving Forward (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The article collection of this Special Issue reprint covers a wide range of neurorehabilitation modalities, although they only represent a small proportion of the whole scene. We trust that they will assist clinicians in performing evidence-based interventions and illuminate the necessity of multidisciplinary collaboration. Furthermore, they share an important motivational drive, that is, the inspiration to move forward to a new era where medical, basic research, engineering, and high-tech advances can develop more efficacious approaches, combining neuromodulation techniques under sophisticated neuroimaging guidance. These can be widely and remotely applied to all people that need them, organized under a fresh “patient-centric” approach, with home-based and tele-rehabilitation protocols replacing long stays in medical centers.
    Keywords: Covid-19 ; telerehabilitation ; post-stroke rehabilitation ; virtual reality ; stroke ; percutaneous electric nerve stimulation ; transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation ; adult ; urinary bladder ; overactive ; urinary incontinence ; tibial nerve ; multiple sclerosis ; employment ; patient-reported outcome ; MSWDQ-23 ; validation ; rTMS ; dementia ; Alzheimer’s disease ; magnetic stimulation ; non-pharmacological treatments ; refractory temporal seizures ; neurosurgery ; cognitive outcome ; memory ; long-term follow-up ; backward walking ; balance ; cerebral palsy ; mental motor imagery ; neurorehabilitation ; cost–utility ; upper extremity ; EQ-5D ; cognitive exercise therapy ; sensorimotor ; activity of daily living ; Parkinson’s disease ; salivation ; clinical features ; non-motor ; motor ; sialorrhea ; drooling ; oxidative stress ; antioxidant defense ; Oxidative Status Index (OSI) ; hydroperoxides ; rehabilitation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Some New Aspects of Colloidal Systems in Foods (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Some New Aspects of Colloidal Systems in Foods is a new book on food emulsions, which provides in-depth coverage of some new aspects of food colloids. The coverage includes confident overviews of theoretical issues as well as descriptions of new techniques and recent colloid research findings. Specific topics include the role of electrostatic and steric forces in the stabilization of food colloids, antioxidants in food emulsions, nanoemulsions, and nanostructured colloids in food science. This book can be used as a specialized text for graduate students and researchers in food science and technology. In addition, it will serve as a reference text for advanced students in chemistry, engineers, biochemists, nutritionists, and analytical chemists in the food industry and research.
    Keywords: oxidative stress, antioxidants, safety, food industry, nanoemulsions ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Progress in Carotenoid Research (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The book "Progress in Carotenoid Research" presents an authoritative and comprehensive overview of the biology, biochemistry, and chemistry of carotenoids. Divided into 14 discrete parts, this book covers topics on basic science and applied technology of carotenoid molecules. This book provides an insight into future developments in each field and has an extensive bibliography. It will be an essential resource for researchers and academic and industry professionals in the natural pigment field.
    Keywords: carotenoids, astaxanthin, lycopene, remote sensing, mass spectrometry, fermentation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Secondary Metabolites (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book provides an overview of secondary metabolites in three sections: “Introduction”, “Secondary Metabolites: General Reviews and Biotechnological Interventions” and “Plant Secondary Metabolites.” It discusses the antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities of secondary metabolites, biotechnological interventions in the production and research of secondary metabolites, and the secondary metabolites of plants.
    Keywords: Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Flavonoid Metabolism (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The presence of flavonoids such as chalcones, flavones, flavonols, anthocyanins, and proanthocyanidins is ubiquitous throughout the plant kingdom. It was previously believed that the oldest plants that produced flavonoids were liverworts and mosses. However, recent discoveries have found genes encoding enzymes in the shikimate pathway responsible for flavonoid biosynthesis in a variety of plants including algae, liverworts, mosses, lycophytes, ferns and horsetails, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. These genes include the first two enzymes for flavonoid biosynthesis, chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase. Furthermore, recent research has found flavones, isoflavones, and flavonols in microalgae from five distinct evolutionary lineages(Cyanobacteria, Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta, Haptophyta, and Ochrophyta) using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. This implies that plants may have developed the capacity to make flavonoids earlier than previously believed. Flavonoids in the earliest plants that produced them were believed to have acted as protection against UV radiation and control of plant hormone activity. As plants evolved, these roles diversified, and the study of flavonoids has revealed how plants developed the capacity to produce a wide array of specialized metabolites and then evolved the metabolic pathways required to manufacture them. This book delves into the structural diversity of flavonoids found throughout the plant kingdom, the evolution of flavonoid biosynthesis genes in plants, and the molecular interaction of flavonoids with growth hormones. The metabolic routes of flavonoids are thoroughly investigated using both biochemical and molecular biology methods, and the book elucidates the links between genes/proteins and metabolites, as well as between metabolites. The book also explores the interplay between flavonoid metabolism and external environmental factors that are subject to continuous change.
    Keywords: flavonoids ; biosynthesis ; agriculture ; bioactive compounds ; secondary metabolites ; genetic engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Botany (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book integrates knowledge of plant biotechnology, plant physiology, and the environment. It presents new information about soil organic carbon sequestration using plant species (tropical grasses) that have potential in climate change mitigation. It also presents scientific knowledge on the multipurpose role of microRNA (miRNA), focusing mainly on stress tolerance in crop plants. Chapters discuss uses, methods, and advantages of recombinant DNA technology and novel plant biotechnology applications for plant-based vaccines. This volume brings together knowledge about non-edible plants seeds as potential sources of biodiesel production to mitigate the global energy crisis.
    Keywords: covid-19, abiotic stress, biodiesel, mirna, biosynthesis, stress tolerance ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
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    Ubiquitin Proteasome System (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The human ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is comprised of nearly 1000 proteins. Although originally identified as a mechanism of protein destruction, the UPS has numerous additional functions and mediates central signaling events in myriad processes involved in both cellular and organismal health and homeostasis. Numerous pathways within the UPS are implicated in disease, ranging from cancer to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's. The goal of this book is to deliver a collection of synopses of current areas of UPS research that highlights the importance of understanding the biology of the UPS to identify disease-relevant pathways, and the need to elucidate the molecular machinations within the UPS to develop methods for therapeutic modulation of these pathways.
    Keywords: cancer, ubiquitination, autophagy, immune system, dna damage, cell cycle ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Forage Groups (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The correct use of forage as animal food is a less expensive way of improving animal performance and reducing the costs of animal products. Therefore, we hope the book Forage Groups allows its readers to acquire knowledge about cultivation, harvesting, and conservation of grass and legumes. This book presents data from many countries around the world and we hope it will be useful for all interested readers in improving their background in forage.
    Keywords: climate change, deforestation, methane, carbon dioxide, cattle, greenhouse gas emissions ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
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    B Group Vitamins (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: B-group vitamins are involved in numerous metabolic reactions and their widespread deficiency can cause a large series of health problems. The aim of this book is to provide an update on the current use and perspectives of B-group vitamins. Novel methods to detect folates in pregnant women, the use and role of folate dentistry, the use of genotype notification to modify food intake behavior, thiamin metabolism in Archaea and its role in plants and in crop improvement, the use of riboflavin in blood safety and niacin in metabolic stress and resistance in dairy cows are some of the subjects that are described in this multitopic book written by authors from seven different countries.
    Keywords: folate, oxidative stress, stress, insulin, dentistry, polymorphism ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Advances in Biology and Ecology of Nitrogen Fixation (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Biological nitrogen fixation has essential role in N cycle in global ecosystem. Several types of nitrogen fixing bacteria are recognized: the free-living bacteria in soil or water; symbiotic bacteria making root nodules in legumes or non-legumes; associative nitrogen fixing bacteria that resides outside the plant roots and provides fixed nitrogen to the plants; endophytic nitrogen fixing bacteria living in the roots, stems and leaves of plants. In this book there are 11 chapters related to biological nitrogen fixation, regulation of legume-rhizobium symbiosis, and agriculture and ecology of biological nitrogen fixation, including new models for autoregulation of nodulation in legumes, endophytic nitrogen fixation in sugarcane or forest trees, etc. Hopefully, this book will contribute to biological, ecological, and agricultural sciences.
    Keywords: Plant reproduction & propagation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    The Effects of LED Light Spectra and Intensities on Plant Growth (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Light is the main source of energy for the primary process that sustains life on our planet, known as photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the strategy adopted by many living organisms for capturing and incorporating energy, and it is under this context that light is primarily experienced, explored, and exploited. Plants perceive information from the ambient environment and communicate with other organisms using light. They have developed a plethora of photoreceptors that permit this communication with the surrounding environment. Additionally, the physical properties of light, such as the spectral quality, irradiance, intensity, and photoperiod, play an integral role in the morphogenesis, growth, and metabolism of many biochemical pathways in plants.To facilitate photosynthesis in controlled environments, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have been shown to offer interesting prospects for use in plant lighting designs in controlled-environment agriculture (greenhouses) and growth chambers for in vitro cultures. In high-technology greenhouses (for instance, vertical agriculture), artificial light may assume both assimilative (optimizing photosynthetic efficiency) and control functionality (guiding growth and development or the synthesis and accumulation of plant metabolites). In vitro cultures are regulated by different factors, and among them, light is the most important.
    Keywords: Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don ; alkaloid content ; callus ; in vitro culture ; LED lights ; light intensity ; saponarin ; isoorientin ; hexacosanol ; octacosanol ; fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductase (FAR) ; blue LED ; flower bud formation ; number of flowers ; photoperiod ; photomorphogenesis ; blue photon flux density ; functional structural plant modelling ; indoor farming ; LED lighting ; artificial lighting ; energy use efficiency ; protected horticulture ; light exposure ; far-red illumination ; medicinal plants ; water use efficiency ; growth analysis ; canopy size ; incident light ; light interception ; light use efficiency ; mizuna ; projected canopy size ; quantum yield of photosystem II ; blue light ; Cucumis sativus L. (cucumber) ; green light ; light-emitting diode (LED) ; morphology ; photosynthesis ; red light ; intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) ; photostationary state of phytochrome (PSS) ; photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) ; yield photon flux (YPF) ; medicinal plant ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; flavones ; metabolites ; light-emitting diode ; daily light integral ; volatile organic compounds ; energy consumption ; plant morphology ; biomass efficacy ; sodium lamps ; plants cultivation ; silicon fertilizer ; red-leaved lettuce ; green-leaved lettuce ; CoeLux® ; LEDs ; light spectrum ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; growth and development ; confined environment ; low light ; mint ; monoterpenes ; solid phase microextraction (SPME) ; hydroponics ; LED supplement ; LED light ; fluorescent light ; UV light ; elicitation ; plant secondary metabolites ; plant in vitro cultures ; LED ; ascorbic acid ; chlorophylls ; carotenoids ; light quality ; tomato ; greenhouse ; light spectra ; root stock ; photosensors ; host-pathogen interaction ; resistance genes ; gene regulation ; bacterial growth ; Erwinia amylovora ; circadian rhythms ; optogenetics ; Internet of Things (IoT) ; optimal control ; supplemental lighting in greenhouses ; image processing ; light-emitting diodes (LEDs) ; intra-canopy illumination ; interlighting ; bell pepper ; fruit set ; daily light integral (DLI) ; Lactuca sativa ; plant factory ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; carbon isotope discrimination ; light fluence rate ; growth regulators ; alfalfa ; growth ; adaption ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
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    Protein-Protein Interactions (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Proteins are indispensable players in virtually all biological events. The functions of proteins are coordinated through intricate regulatory networks of transient protein-protein interactions (PPIs). To predict and/or study PPIs, a wide variety of techniques have been developed over the last several decades. Many in vitro and in vivo assays have been implemented to explore the mechanism of these ubiquitous interactions. However, despite significant advances in these experimental approaches, many limitations exist such as false-positives/false-negatives, difficulty in obtaining crystal structures of proteins, challenges in the detection of transient PPI, among others. To overcome these limitations, many computational approaches have been developed which are becoming increasingly widely used to facilitate the investigation of PPIs. This book has gathered an ensemble of experts in the field, in 22 chapters, which have been broadly categorized into Computational Approaches, Experimental Approaches, and Others.
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Iron Metabolism (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Iron is an essential element for numerous fundamental biologic processes. Iron-containing proteins are required for vital cellular and organismal functions including oxygen transport, mitochondrial respiration, intermediary and xenobiotic metabolism, nucleic acid replication and repair, host defense, and cell signaling. However, excess iron is toxic. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the essential role of iron in biology, the regulation of systemic and cellular iron homeostasis, and how imbalances in iron homeostasis contribute to disease.
    Keywords: Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Trace Elements and Their Effects on Human Health and Diseases (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book is an excellent compilation of trace elements and their positive and negative effects on human health and the environment. Over two sections, the book examines the adverse effects of trace elements in the human body and the atmosphere and how to overcome them.
    Keywords: oxidative stress, breast cancer, antioxidant, public health, genotoxicity, environmental hazards ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Bisphenol A (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic compound for hardening and clearing polycarbonate plastics. BPA is mainly classified as an estrogen-like endocrine-disrupting chemical. In the last decade, attention has arisen in scientific communities that it is not safe to use this chemical in mainly polycarbonate plastics. Exposure to BPA starts in prenatal period, which is the critical period for its toxic effects on different organs. Throughout this book, the readers will obtain information on the effects of BPA on different systems. They will also get information on the prenatal and postnatal effects of BPA. We believe that readers will get qualified scientific knowledge and a general overview of the toxic effects of BPA exposure and its consequences from this book.
    Keywords: steroidogenesis, gene expression, chronic kidney disease, reproduction, ovarian cancer, hemodialysis ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Corn (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Corn or maize (Zea mays L.) plays an important role in global food security. The many uses of corn make it a central commodity and a great influence on prices. Because of its worldwide distribution and relatively lower price, corn has a wider range of uses. It is used directly for human consumption, in industrially processed foods, as livestock feed, and in industrial nonfood products such as starches, acids, and alcohols. Recently, there has been interest in using maize for the production of ethanol as a substitute for petroleum-based fuels. It is an important source of carbohydrate, protein, iron, vitamin B, and minerals. Climate change, however, is a growing concern among corn growers worldwide. Scientists estimate that corn production will need to be increased by 15% per unit area between 2017 and 2037. To increase corn yields, advanced and new production technology needs to be developed and distributed among corn growers. The advanced technology to boost corn yields and counteract climate change is important for food security for the growing global population. Nutritionally, maize seeds contain 60-68% starch and 7-15% protein. Maize oil is widely used as a cooking medium and for manufacturing hydrogenated oil. The oil has the quality of reducing cholesterol in the human blood similar to sunflower oil. Corn flour is used as a thickening agent in the preparation of many edibles such as soups, sauces, and custard powder. Integrated nutrients management improves corn growth, leaf area index and light interception, dry matter accumulation and distribution, grain and fodder quality, yield components, grain and biomass yields, harvest index, and shelling percentage, and reduces the problem of food insecurity.
    Keywords: maize, antioxidants, gis, biotechnology, flavonoids, functional foods ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Advanced Research on Sprouts and Microgreens as a Source of Bioactive Compounds (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Today, researchers are focused on studying and identifying new products that can be beneficial for both food and pharmaceutical purposes. In this context, sprouts and microgreens are widely recognized as functional foods due to their high nutritional value, and in particular, their high bioactive compound content, which is mainly composed of phytochemicals. However, despite extensive research on the germination of species cultivated under optimal conditions, knowledge gaps remain regarding various aspects of sprout and microgreen production. To address this research issue, interdisciplinary collaboration is crucial. This involves the identification of novel species for edible sprout cultivation, the exploration of innovative strategies to stimulate bioactive compound production, and the development of new “nutraceutical” foods. Moreover, it is imperative to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of the consumption of microgreens. This reprint presents cutting-edge research on sprouts and microgreens, providing valuable insights for the academic community.
    Keywords: Canavalia ; molybdenum ; seed priming ; nitrogen assimilation ; high CO2 ; caraway plants ; sprouting ; mature plants ; nutritious metabolites ; antioxidant ; antimicrobial activity ; anise sprouts ; He–Ne laser ; bacterial endophytes ; Chenopodium sp. ; sprouts ; photosynthesis ; amino acid metabolism ; phenolics metabolism ; anti-inflammatory ; Medicago species ; priming ; KNO3 ; bioactivity ; Medicago interexta ; SeNPs ; BABA ; anti-diabetic ; microscale vegetables ; microgreens ; phytonutrients ; functional foods ; malnutrition ; biofortification ; illumination ; health-promoting compounds ; pakchoi ; greenhouse ; UV-B ; antioxidant activity ; flavonoids ; biosynthetic pathway ; Triticum dicoccum ; salinity ; calcium homeostasis ; phenolic acid ; hydrogen peroxide ; oat seedling ; policosanol ; hexacosanol ; AMPK ; growth times ; GC-MS ; bioactive compounds ; carotenoid ; chlorophyll ; gold nanoparticles photometric assay ; seedling ; spectroscopy ; vegetation index ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Potassium in Human Health (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This is an introductory book on the role of potassium in health, physiology of potassium homeostasis, diagnostic approach to potassium derangement, and clinical management of potassium disorders. It is a concise, easy-to-read reference for students in the health professions, mid-level providers, house staff trainees, and clinicians.
    Keywords: Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Plant Growth (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Over the last few decades, the prevalence of studies about plant growth has dramatically grown in most regions of the world. Many aspects have been investigated related to this phenomenon. If we can gain understanding of how plants grow, then we may be able to manipulate it to reduce both chemical fertilizer use and its environmental impact without decreasing the yield. This book provides information about the use of bio-agents, plant health, plant pathogen, property of melanin, and the influence of rootstock and root growth. We hope this information will be useful for all the people who work with this hot topic.
    Keywords: drought, bacteria, abiotic stress, stress, energy, evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of Vaccines against Viruses: From Network Medicine to Clinical Experimentation (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint emerges as a beacon guiding researchers, scientists, and medical professionals through uncharted territories. In this volume, we delve deep into the intricate world of immunization, where the fusion of bioinformatics and network medicine reshapes our understanding of vaccines' efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity.
    Keywords: monkeypox ; mpox ; MPXV ; universal vaccine ; multi-epitope mRNA vaccine ; immunoinformatics ; influenza ; H3N2 ; antigenic distance ; hemagglutinin ; attribute network embedding ; herpes simplex virus ; HSV-2 ; vaccine ; costimulation ; genital ; antibodies ; T cells ; MDV ; chickens ; Th17 cells ; IL-17A ; interferon-gamma and adaptive immunity ; adenoviral vector ; cell fusion ; human endogenous retrovirus type W (HERV-W) ; R-peptide ; Syncytin-1 ; HIV ; PLWH ; ART ; vaccination ; immune responses ; CD4 ; COVID-19 ; HPV ; respiratory syncytial virus ; RSV ; mucosal vaccine ; inactivated vaccine ; low-energy electron irradiation ; LEEI ; PC formulation ; PCLS ; binding antibody assay ; immune correlates of protection ; modified treatment policy ; neutralizing antibody assay ; principal stratification ; principal surrogate ; SARS-CoV-2 ; stochastic intervention ; stochastic interventional vaccine efficacy ; peste des petits ruminants ; ewes ; lambs ; passive immunity ; quadrivalent adjuvanted influenza vaccines ; toll-like receptors ; CVID ; azoximer bromide ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Plant Growth and Regulation (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Plant Growth and Regulation - Alterations to Sustain Unfavorable Conditions consists of five chapters written by scientists from different parts of the world, who are experts in their respective focuses of research. The topics cover the physical growth and physiological and genetic alterations in plants, particularly under environmental stress conditions. The storyline of this book starts from the plant community, followed by cellular and ultrastructural phenomenes occurring within the plant in its interaction with the environment, and ends with elucidation of chloroplast's DNAs, their transfer to the nucleus, and the genetic engineering technology applicable for plant adaptation to changing environmental conditions. This book is aimed at attracting the attention of students, teachers, as well as scientists who have a similar focus of study or interest. It contains advanced studies in the respective chapters.
    Keywords: climate change, heavy metal, chlorophyll, biotechnological applications, metal toxicity ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Bioinformatics (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: An interdisciplinary bioinformatics science aims to develop methodology and analysis tools to explore large-volume of biological data using conventional and modern computer science, statistics, and mathematics, as well as pattern recognition, reconstruction, machine learning, simulation and iterative approaches, molecular modeling, folding, networking, and artificial intelligence. Written by international team of life scientists, this Bioinformatics book provides some updates on bioinformatics methods, resources, approaches, and genome analysis tools useful for molecular sciences, medicine and drug designs, as well as plant sciences and agriculture. I trust chapters of this book should provide advanced knowledge for university students, life science researchers, and interested readers on some latest developments in the bioinformatics field.
    Keywords: databases, cancer, inflammation, data mining, targeted therapy, microbiome ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Plant Roots (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The root is an organ that generally grows into the soil in developed plants that have adapted to terrestrial life but rarely is found above the ground. The roots have channels to transport nutrients and water to the stem and leaves. Studies on roots will provide opportunities to develop food security and environmental sustainability. This book explains root-soil interactions, ethnobotanical use of roots, secondary metabolite production, and soil resource acquisition from agricultural and ecological perspectives.
    Keywords: physiology, cotton, pgpr, biochemistry, abiotic stresses, plant nutrition ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Active Ingredients from Aromatic and Medicinal Plants (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Recently, new compounds from medicinal plants were discovered, and they were used as anti-severe diseases. Therefore, this book covers interested research topics dealing with isolation, purification, and identification of active ingredients from wild and medicinal plants. This discovery will lead to an increase in the global pharmaceutical market as well as open such new gate for medicinal plant research. This book will add significant information to medical researchers and can be used for postgraduate students.
    Keywords: antioxidant, antimicrobial, meat quality, essential oils, quality control, pathogens ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Abiotic Stress Response in Plants (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Plants, unlike animals, are sessile. This demands that adverse changes in their environment are quickly recognized, distinguished and responded to with suitable reactions. Drought, heat, cold and salinity are among the major abiotic stresses that adversely affect plant growth and productivity. In general, abiotic stress often causes a series of morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular changes that unfavorably affect plant growth, development and productivity. Drought, salinity, extreme temperatures (cold and heat) and oxidative stress are often interrelated; these conditions singularly or in combination induce cellular damage. To cope with abiotic stresses, of paramount significance is to understand plant responses to abiotic stresses that disturb the homeostatic equilibrium at cellular and molecular level in order to identify a common mechanism for multiple stress tolerance. This multi authored edited compilation attempts to put forth an all-inclusive biochemical and molecular picture in a systems approach wherein mechanism and adaptation aspects of abiotic stress are dealt with. The chief objective of the book hence is to deliver state of the art information for comprehending the effects of abiotic stress in plants at the cellular level.
    Keywords: Botany & plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Bamboo (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The idea of information on research and development carried out on bamboo has emerged with the paradigm shift in the area of utilization of natural fibres in various industries. Technological advancements in bamboo sustenance have involved chemical and physical modification that has led to products of high-performance index. This book provides the latest research developments in many aspects of bamboo process, manufacture and commercialization potential. Apart from the interest to facilitate a complete assessment of bamboo as well as assist readers in achieving their goals, this book is intended to be of value to both fundamental research and also to practicing scientists and will serve as a useful reference for researchers, agricultural practitioners and organizations involved in the bamboo-based industry.
    Keywords: biomass, pyrolysis, wear, pathogens, nitrogen, thermal properties ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Advances in Photosynthesis (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Photosynthesis is one of the most important reactions on Earth. It is a scientific field that is the topic of many research groups. This book is aimed at providing the fundamental aspects of photosynthesis, and the results collected from different research groups. There are three sections in this book: light and photosynthesis, the path of carbon in photosynthesis, and special topics in photosynthesis. In each section important topics in the subject are discussed and (or) reviewed by experts in each book chapter.
    Keywords: Botany & plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Smart and Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Applications for Food Safety (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: With the aid of smart and functional nanomaterials, various analytical techniques and their applications have been greatly improved. Based on functional nanomaterials, this Reprint contains innovative studies and comprehensive reviews regarding the design of SERS, fluorescence, bioluminescence, and chromatographic assays and electrochemical techniques for the detection of food contaminants. It includes the pretreatment of food samples, signal amplification mechanisms, detection strategies, method construction process, and other topics.
    Keywords: aptasensor ; quencher-free ; photo-induced electron transfer ; guanine-quenching fluorescence ; ochratoxin A ; red carbon dots ; manganese ion ; zinc ion ; fluorescence ; macroalgae ; electrochemical sensors ; molecularly imprinted polymers ; separation and detection ; food safety ; antibiotics detection ; G-quadruplex ; label-free ; fluorescence aptasensor ; ratiometric ; determination of dipicolinic acid ; smartphone-based detection ; Au nanoparticles ; ZnO nanosheets ; MEMS gas sensor ; 3-hydroxy-2-butanone ; foodborne-pathogens detection ; Förster resonance energy transfer ; ZnSe nanostructures ; aptamer ; zeta potential ; fluorescence detection ; electrochemistry ; biosensor ; high sensitivity ; high selectivity ; nanozyme ; food hazards ; determination ; chitosan ; bioelectronic sensors ; biomedicine ; HPTLC ; bioluminescence ; herbal tea ; hypolipidemic activity ; adulteration ; NIC ; DNC ; residue ; TRFICA ; chicken muscle ; sodium metabisulfite ; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ; copy paper ; AgNPs ; shrimp ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Chemistry and Applications of Benzimidazole and its Derivatives (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Finding new strategies for synthesizing benzimidazole derivatives and functionalizing the benzimidazole core has proved to be important due to the compound's various applications in medicine, chemistry, and other areas. The multitude of benzimidazole derivatives marketed as drugs has led to intensive research in the field for the discovery of new biologically active structures. The general applications of benzimidazole derivatives in materials chemistry, electronics, technology, dyes, pigments, and agriculture open up new research horizons. This book guides the rational design of benzimidazole derivatives synthesis with certain applications. Chapters cover such topics as therapeutic use of benzimidazole in conditions like diabetes, viruses, and parasitic diseases; X-ray crystal structure of selected benzimidazole derivatives; benzimidazole compounds for cancer therapy; and others.
    Keywords: fluorescence, catalysis, anticancer, fuel cells, toxicology, inhibitors ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    Lipoproteins (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: By typing into databases such as Medline or PubMed the word “lipoprotein” one gets more than 100.000 hits that highlight the common interest in this topic. It is actually impossible to cover all aspects of lipoprotein structure, function, metabolism and pathophysiology in one issue like the present volume, but attempts have been made to concentrate on topics that are in focus of current lipoprotein research. These topics have been divided into 10 sections. This volume will help new investigators in the field to get acquainted with the general topic of lipoprotein research and will guide scientists interested in this area to emerging new fields.
    Keywords: Biochemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Abiotic Stress in Plants (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: How plants adapt to climate change is a complex and multifaceted process and understanding it requires a comprehensive knowledge of plant biology and ecology. Some of the most serious stresses that plants face include heat and water stress, soil degradation, and increased pests and diseases. Addressing these challenges is crucial to preserve lives and livelihoods and requires a combination of scientific research, technical innovations, and policy interventions to increase ecosystem resilience and sustainable agricultural practices. This book is a step in the right direction, as it provides a comprehensive overview of plant adaptation to abiotic stresses.
    Keywords: agriculture ; drought ; global warming ; oxidative stress ; environment ; antioxidants ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Terpenes and Terpenoids (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Terpenes belong to the diverse class of chemical constituents isolated from materials found in nature (plants, fungi, insects, marine organisms, plant pathogens, animals and endophytes). These metabolites have simple to complex structures derived from Isopentyl diphosphate (IPP), dimethyl allyl diphosphate (DMAPP), mevalonate and deoxyxylulose biosynthetic pathways. Terpenes play a very important role in human health and have significant biological activities (anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiallergic, skin permeation enhancer, anti-diabetic, immunomodulatory, anti-insecticidal). This book gives an overview and highlights recent research in the phytochemical and biological understanding of terpenes and terpenoid and explains the most essential functions of these kinds of secondary metabolites isolated from natural sources.
    Keywords: biosynthesis, malaria, plasmodium falciparum, biological activities, mechanisms ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Fuel Ethanol Production from Sugarcane (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book offers a broad understanding of bioethanol production from sugarcane, although a few other substrates, except corn, will also be mentioned. The 10 chapters are grouped in five sections. The Fuel Ethanol Production from Sugarcane in Brazil section consists of two chapters dealing with the first-generation ethanol Brazilian industrial process. The Strategies for Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreatment section deals with emerging physicochemical methods for biomass pretreatment, and the non-conventional biomass source for lignocellulosic ethanol production addresses the potential of weed biomass as alternative feedstock. In the Recent Approaches for Increasing Fermentation Efficiency of Lignocellulosic Ethanol section, potential and research progress using thermophile bacteria and yeasts is presented, taking advantage of microorganisms involved in consolidating or simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation processes. Finally, the Recent Advances in Ethanol Fermentation section presents the use of cold plasma and hydrostatic pressure to increase ethanol production efficiency. Also in this section the use of metabolic-engineered autotrophic cyanobacteria to produce ethanol from carbon dioxide is mentioned.
    Keywords: fermentation, pretreatment, bioethanol, lignocellulosic biomass, saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacteria ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Nitric Oxide Synthase (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Nitric Oxide Synthase - Simple Enzyme-Complex Roles provides information on nitric oxide synthase, a biomolecule of key importance for the different biological systems, including central and peripheral nervous, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems. With recent links to the role of nitric oxide in the reactions that can impact cell signaling, and discoveries surrounding the complex role of nitric oxide synthase that have increased research attention across the fields of cell and molecular biology, physiology, pharmacology, toxicology, neuroscience, cardiology, urology, and endocrinology, this book tries to provide a comprehensive overview of biology/pathobiology of nitric oxide synthases and a perspective from possible therapeutic indication of the enzyme inhibitors.
    Keywords: spermatozoa, oxidative stress, breast cancer, depression, toxicity, infection ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Vitamin D (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book examines the sometimes controversial role of vitamin D in various health problems. Divided into four sections, chapters cover such topics as vitamin D deficiency in women, newborns, and the elderly, as well as the role of vitamin D in COVID-19, autism spectrum disorder, diabetes, dental diseases, and central nervous system pathological processes.
    Keywords: alzheimer’s disease, pregnancy, aging, stroke, neurodegeneration, elderly ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Vitamin A (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This book is the most up-to-date research on vitamin A. It is designed for scientists and researchers to deepen their knowledge in this critical knowledge field, and it is a solid resource that brings together multidisciplinary research, development and innovation for a varied analysis of vitamin A.
    Keywords: human health, ulcerative colitis, micronutrients, biofortification, myopia, stem cell niche ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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