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  • Lexington, Ky.  (25)
  • Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory  (12)
  • English  (37)
  • 1965-1969  (37)
  • 1
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Microspherules in snow and ice-fog crystals (1969)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: ZSP-202-245
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Snow crystals in Greenland. - Microspherules. - Microspherules in snow and ice-fog crystals. - Concentration and radii of spherules. - Discussion and conclusions. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: Spherules found in snow crystals, ice-fog crystals, fallout particles, and fly ash were studied with an electron microscope using the electron diffraction method. The central part of the residues of 1004 specimens of natural snow crystals from Greenland, the United States, and Japan were examined; 14 spherules 0.1 to 1.5? in radius were found among them. The residues of 658 artificial ice-fog crystals formed from water vapor in flue gases of coal-burning electric power plants at Fairbanks, Alaska, were also examined; nine spherules were found. Spherules similar to those found in ice-fog residues were found in furnace-produced fly ash fallout at Fairbanks, Alaska. Electron and optical microscope examination of spherules found in Greenland snow reveals a size distribution of the form dN/d(log r) = Cr-ß where ß approximately 3. The properties of spherules and the mean mass of snow crystals from Greenland are described. The electron microscope study indicated that less than 0.7% of the 1004 snow crystals contained spherules of possible extraterrestrial origin, and that snow crystals are formed mainly on clay mineral particles by heterogeneous nucleation.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 10 Seite , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 245
    URL: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/tr/AD0691326
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    The attenuation and backscattering of infrared radiation by ice fog and water fog (1969)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: ZSP-202-264
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Physical properties of ice fog. - Mie scattering computations. - Results. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: Ice-fog crystals consisting of many spherical particles, and some hexagonal plates and columns, were observed at ambient temperatures of about -40°C in the Fairbanks, Alaska area during mid-winter. The concentrations and the size distributions of the ice-fog crystals were measured. The attenuation and backscattering of infrared radiation by ice-fog crystals were computed for optical wavelengths of 2.2[My], 2.7[My], 4.5[My], 5.75[My], 9.7[My] and 10.9[My] using the Mie theory. The minimum attenuation coefficients and backscattering functions of ice fog were found to be at 9.7[My] wavelength in the observed wavelengths. Optical attenuation coefficients and volume backscattering functions of water fogs were also computed using the Mie theory. The minimum attenuation coefficients and backscattering functions of water fog were found to be at 10.9[My] wavelength in the region of 2.2[My], 2.7[My], 4.5[My], 5.75[My], 9.7[My] and 10.9[My]. Both the attenuation coefficients and backscattering functions of ice fog are within the same order of magnitude as water fog for equivalent fog concentrations and wavelengths.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 7 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 264
    URL: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/227540578
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Series available for loan
    Thermal instability in a layer of water formed by melting ice from below (1969)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
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    Call number: ZSP-202-263
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Theoretical background. - Experimental apparatus and procedures. - Results and discussion. - Conclusions. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: The transition in the mode of heat transfer from conduction to convection in a layer of water formed continuously by melting ice from below has been determined experimentally. This was accomplished by locating the inflection point on the curve relating the water-ice interface (or melting front) and time. Thus, the critical Rayleigh number, Rac, at which convective heat transfer started can be correlated empirically as a function of warm plate temperature, Ts, by Rac= 14,200 exp(-6.64 x 10^-2 Ts). This relation is valid for Ts varying from 7.72 to 25.50°C. The initial ice temperature T0 was varied from -4.8 to -22.00°C. The effect of T0 was found to be insignificant. Homogeneous, bubble-free ice was prepared and used in all the experiments.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 12 Seiten , Illustrations
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 263
    URL: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5325820
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Series available for loan
    On plates sealing an incompressible liquid (1968)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
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    Call number: ZSP-202-260
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction and statermnt of problem. - Solution of problem shown in Figure 3. - Solution of problem shown in Figure 4. - The negligibility of the effects of buoyancy and incompressibility of the sealed liquid. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: After a brief description of the circumstances which led to the investigation of the title problem and discussion of some related previous investigations, exact solutions are derived for a circular plate which seals an incompressible liquid, is clamped along the boundary and is subjected at an arbitrary point to a lateral concentrated force P. For the case when the plate is covered by a thin liquid layer the solution is obtained in closed form. When this liquid layer is absent, the solution is obtained as an infinite series. The paper concludes with a study of the range of the parameter ([Lambda] a) for which the effort of buoyancy is negligible upon the deflections and stresses in the plate.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 11 Seiten , Illustartionen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 260
    URL: http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5325791
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    A high-response triaxial strain-gage anemometer (1969)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
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    Call number: ZSP-202-254
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Description of the anemometer. - Temperature effects and their compensation. - Input-output relations. - Vibration isolation and compensation. - Wind tunnel tests. - Conclusions.
    Description / Table of Contents: A triaxial semiconductor strain-gage anemometer measuring wind velocities in three directions and thereby also determining the direction of the wind was designed and subjected to many crucial tests under various conditions. It was found that the measurements were affected by temperature and vibrations. Temperature compensation in two directions was made and wind tunnel tests on an almost vibration-free platform were performed. The results show that this type of instrument can be successfully used to measure large-scale turbulences. Throughout this report, emphasis is placed on the compensation necessary for temperature and vibration effects and the determination of input-output relationships. It is concluded that it is possible to design a practical triaxial strain-gage anemometer with high-frequency response and high sensitivity and to measure wind velocities accurately with this type of instrument when temperature and vibration compensations are properly made.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 15 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 254
    URL: https://worldcat.org/de/title/6023794
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Series available for loan
    Attenuation of visible light by falling snow (1969)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Materiel Command, Terrestrial Sciences Center, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory
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    Call number: ZSP-202-242
    In: Research report, 242
    Description / Table of Contents: The attenuation of visible light by falling snow was studied by making simultaneous attenuation measurements and snow concentration measurements. The attenuation coefficient was calculated from photometric measurements and from visual observations. Snow concentration in the air was evaluated by two methods: from Formvar replicas collected during the snowfall, and by mass accumulation of snow in collecting pans. The snowflakes were arbitrarily classified by crystal types according to their estimated fall velocity. It was found that the correlation between extinction coefficient (attenuation) and snow concentration was generally much higher by types than when all snowflakes were considered together regardless of crystal components and degree of riming. Two types, apparently improperly classified, displayed lower correlations than the overall group. When no fog is present during the snowfall, the experimental results coincide well with attenuation theory if a reasonable correction is applied to the values obtained in the measurement of snowflake diameters. Measurements of mass flux indicate that for a given intensity the attenuation caused by snow is an order of magnitude greater than that caused by the same mass flux of rain.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 27 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 242
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/5949
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS: Preface. - Abstract. - Introduction. - Initial theoretical considerations. - Light attenuation by particles. - Basis of attenuation meter measurements. - Contrast reduction and visual range. - Transmissometer theory, Pritchard photometric method. - Terminal velocity of snowflakes. - Methods of measurement: Light attenuation. - Duntley (Scripps Institution) attenuation meter. - "Meteorological range" observations. - Pritchard photometric method. - Methods of measurement: Atmospheric concentration of snowflakes. - Replication method. - Mass accumulation method. - Analysis of snow samples. - Terminal velocity of snowflakes. - Flux density and atmospheric concentration. - Mass accumulation rate. - Concurrent attenuation due to fog. - Discussion of results. - Computational methods. - Correlations: Attenuation coefficient vs area concentration. - Correlations: Attenuation coefficient vs are a flux. - Correlations: Attenuation coefficient vs mass concentration and mass flux. - Comparison of sampling methods for mass flux. - Attenuation of visible light by snow compared to rain. - Literature cited. - Appendix A.
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  • 7
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    Effects of pumping from the Ohio River valley alluvium between Carrollton and Ghent, Kentucky (1969)
    Lexington, Ky.
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    Call number: SR 90.1049(10,18)
    In: Information circular
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 20 S.
    Series Statement: Information circular / Kentucky Geological Survey ser. 10, no. 18
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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  • 8
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    Engineering geology of the Calvert City quadrangle, Livingston and Marshall Counties, Kentucky (1968)
    Lexington, Ky.
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    Call number: SR 90.1049(10,16)
    In: Information circular
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 28 S.
    Series Statement: Information circular / Kentucky Geological Survey ser. 10, no. 16
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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  • 9
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    Pumping test of an eocene aquifer near Mayfield, Kentucky (1967)
    Lexington, Ky.
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    Call number: SR 90.1049(10,15)
    In: Information circular
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 20 S.
    Series Statement: Information circular / Kentucky Geological Servey ser. 10, no. 15
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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  • 10
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    Geology and successful farm ponds in the Inner Blue Grass Region of Kentucky (1966)
    Lexington, Ky.
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    Call number: SR 90.1047(10,1)
    In: Thesis series
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: X, 64 S. + 4 Kt.-Beil.
    Series Statement: Thesis series / Kentucky Geological Survey Ser. 10, no. 1
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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