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  • 1
    Schlagwort(e): Geology, Stratigraphic ; Stratigraphy ; Sequenzstratigraphie ; Estratigrafia
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: John F. Aitken and John A. Howell: High resolution sequence stratigraphy: innovations, applications and future prospects / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:1-9, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.01 --- S. F. Mitchell, C. R. C. Paul, and A. S. Gale: Carbon isotopes and sequence stratigraphy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:11-24, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.02 --- S. J. Davies and T. Elliott: Spectral gamma ray characterization of high resolution sequence stratigraphy: examples from Upper Carboniferous fluvio-deltaic systems, County Clare, Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:25-35, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.03 --- David G. Quirk: ‘Base profile’: a unifying concept in alluvial sequence stratigraphy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:37-49, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.04 --- Ian D. Bryant: The application of physical measurements to constrain reservoir-scale sequence stratigraphic models / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:51-63, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.05 --- John M. Armentrout: High resolution sequence biostratigraphy: examples from the Gulf of Mexico Plio-Pleistocene / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:65-86, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.06 --- David C. Jennette and Cheyenne O. Riley: Influence of relative sea-level on facies and reservoir geometry of the Middle Jurassic lower Brent Group, UK North Viking Graben / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:87-113, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.07 --- F. L. Wehr and L. D. Brasher: Impact of sequence-based correlation style on reservoir model behaviour, lower Brent Group, North Cormorant Field, UK North Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:115-128, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.08 --- John A. Howell and Stephen S. Flint: A model for high resolution sequence stratigraphy within extensional basins / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:129-137, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.09 --- T. McKie and I. R. Garden: Hierarchical stratigraphic cycles in the non-marine Clair Group (Devonian) UKCS / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:139-157, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.10 --- A. Guy Plint: Marine and nonmarine systems tracts in fourth-order sequences in the Early-Middle Cenomanian, Dunvegan Alloformation, northeastern British Columbia, Canada / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:159-191, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.11 --- John F. Aitken and Stephen S. Flint: Variable expressions of interfluvial sequence boundaries in the Breathitt Group (Pennsylvanian), eastern Kentucky, USA / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:193-206, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.12 --- Ciaran J. O’Byrne and Stephen Flint: Interfluve sequence boundaries in the Grassy Member, Book Cliffs, Utah: criteria for recognition and implications for subsurface correlation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:207-220, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.13 --- Gary J. Hampson, Trevor Elliott, and Stephen S. Flint: Critical application of high resolution sequence stratigraphic concepts to the Rough Rock Group (Upper Carboniferous) of northern England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:221-246, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.14 --- David Uličný and Lenka Špičáková: Response to high frequency sea-level change in a fluvial to estuarine succession: Cenomanian palaeovalley fill, Bohemian Cretaceous Basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:247-268, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.15 --- David Owen: Interbasinal correlation of the Cenomanian Stage; testing the lateral continuity of sequence boundaries / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:269-293, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.16 --- Bruce W. Fouke, Arnout-Jan W. Everts, Erik W. Zwart, Wolfgang Schlager, P. C. Smalley, and Helmut Weissert: Subaerial exposure unconformities on the Vercors carbonate platform (SE France) and their sequence stratigraphic significance / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:295-319, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.17 --- Dave Hunt, Tim Allsop, and Richard E. Swarbrick: Compaction as a primary control on the architecture and development of depositional sequences: conceptual framework, applications and implications / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:321-345, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.18 --- Lars Stemmerik: High frequency sequence stratigraphy of a siliciclastic influenced carbonate platform, lower Moscovian, Amdrup Land, North Greenland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 104:347-365, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.104.01.19
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 374 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1897799489
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 2
    Schlagwort(e): Mittelmeerraum ; Paläomagnetismus ; Tektonik ; Cenozoic ; Geodynamics ; Geologia estrutural ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; Geology, Structural ; Mediterranean Region ; Mesozoic ; Paleomagnetism ; Paleomagnetismo ; Plate tectonics
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: A. Morris and D. H. Tarling: Palaeomagnetism and tectonics of the Mediterranean region: an introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:1-18, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.01 --- Western Mediterranean --- A. Kirker and E. McClelland: Application of net tectonic rotations and inclination analysis to a high-resolution palaeomagnetic study in the Betic Cordillera / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:19-32, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.02 --- J. J. Villalaín, M. L. Osete, R. Vegas, V. García-Dueñas, and F. Heller: The Neogene remagnetization in the western Betics: a brief comment on the reliability of palaeomagnetic directions / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:33-41, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.03 --- H. Feinberg, O. Saddiqi, and A. Michard: New constraints on the bending of the Gibraltar Arc from palaeomagnetism of the Ronda peridotites (Betic Cordilleras, Spain) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:43-52, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.04 --- D. Khattach, D. Najid, N. Hamoumi, and D. H. Tarling: Palaeomagnetic studies in Morocco: tectonic implications for the Meseta and Anti-Atlas since the Permian / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:53-57, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.05 --- D. Rey, P. Turner, and A. Ramos: Palaeomagnetism and magnetostratigraphy of the Middle Triassic in the Iberian Ranges (Central Spain) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:59-82, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.06 --- M. T. Juárez, M. L. Osete, R. Vegas, C. G. Langereis, and G. Meléndez: Palaeomagnetic study of Jurassic limestones from the Iberian Range (Spain): tectonic implications / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:83-90, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.07 --- M. Garcés, J. M. Parés, and L. Cabrera: Inclination error linked to sedimentary facies in Miocene detrital sequences from the Vallès-Penedès Basin (NE Spain) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:91-99, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.08 --- P. Keller and U. Gehring: Consequences of post-collisional deformation on the reconstruction of the East Pyrenees / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:101-109, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.09 --- J. L. Pereira, A. Rapalini, D. H. Tarling, and J. Fonseca: Palaeomagnetic dating and determination of tectonic tilting: a study of Mesozoic-Cenozoic igneous rocks in central West Portugal / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:111-117, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.10 --- Central Mediterranean and Carpathians --- J. E. T. Channell: Palaeomagnetism and palaeogeography of Adria / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:119-132, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.11 --- M. Iorio, G. Nardi, D. Pierattini, and D. H. Tarling: Palaeomagnetic evidence of block rotations in the Matese Mountains, Southern Apennines, Italy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:133-139, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.12 --- M. Mattei, C. Kissel, L. Sagnotti, R. Funiciello, and C. Faccenna: Lack of Late Miocene to Present rotation in the Northern Tyrrhenian margin (Italy): a constraint on geodynamic evolution / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:141-146, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.13 --- M. Fedi, G. Florio, and A. Rapolla: The pattern of crustal block rotations in the Italian region deduced from aeromagnetic anomalies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:147-152, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.14 --- Emő Márton and Péter Márton: Large scale rotations in North Hungary during the Neogene as indicated by palaeomagnetic data / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:153-173, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.15 --- Miroslav Krs, Marta Krsová, and Petr Pruner: Palaeomagnetism and palaeogeography of the Western Carpathians from the Permian to the Neogene / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:175-184, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.16 --- Václav Houša, Miroslav Krs, Marta Krsová, and Petr Pruner: Magnetostratigraphy of Jurassic-Cretaceous limestones in the Western Carpathians / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:185-194, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.17 --- M. Iorio, D. H. Tarling, B. D’argenio, and G. Nardi: Ultra-fine magnetostratigraphy of Cretaceous shallow water carbonates, Monte Raggeto, southern Italy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:195-203, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.18 --- E. McClelland, B. Finegan, and R. W. H. Butler: A magnetostratigraphic study of the onset of the Mediterranean Messinian salility crisis; Caltanissetta Basin, Sicily / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:205-217, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.19 --- F. Florindo and L. Sagnotti: Revised magnetostratigraphy and rock magnetism of Pliocene sediments from Valle Ricca (Rome, Italy) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:219-223, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.20 --- Giancarlo Scalera, Paolo Favali, and Fabio Florindo: Palaeomagnetic database: the effect of quality filtering for geodynamic studies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:225-237, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.21 --- Eastern Mediterranean --- A. H. F. Robertson, J. E. Dixon, S. Brown, A. Collins, A. Morris, E. Pickett, I. Sharp, and T. Ustaömer: Alternative tectonic models for the Late Palaeozoic-Early Tertiary development of Tethys in the Eastern Mediterranean region / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:239-263, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.22 --- H. J. Mauritsch, R. Scholger, S. L. Bushati, and A. Xhomo: Palaeomagnetic investigations in Northern Albania and their significance for the geodynamic evolution of the Adriatic-Aegean realm / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:265-275, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.23 --- D. Kondopoulou, A. Atzemoglou, and S. Pavlides: Palaeomagnetism as a tool for testing geodynamic models in the North Aegean: convergences, controversies and a further hypothesis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:277-288, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.24 --- H. Feinberg, B. Edel, D. Kondopoulou, and A. Michard: Implications of ophiolite palaeomagnetism for the interpretation of the geodynamics of Northern Greece / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:289-298, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.25 --- J. D. A. Piper, Joanna M. Moore, O. Tatar, H. Gursoy, and R. G. Park: Palaeomagnetic study of crustal deformation across an intracontinental transform: the North Anatolian Fault Zone in Northern Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:299-310, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.26 --- Antony Morris: A review of palaeomagnetic research in the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:311-324, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.27 --- A. M. Kafafy, D. H. Tarling, M. M. El Gamili, H. H. Hamama, and E. H. Ibrahim: Palaeomagnetism of some Cretaceous Nubian Sandstones, Northern Sinai, Egypt / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:325-332, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.28 --- A. L. Abdeldayem and D. H. Tarling: Palaeomagnetism of some Tertiary sedimentary rocks, southwest Sinai, Egypt, in the tectonic framework of the SE Mediterranean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:333-343, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.29 --- Applications in Volcanology --- Leon Bardot, Rick Thomas, and Elizabeth McClelland: Emplacement temperatures of pyroclastic deposits on Santorini deduced from palaeomagnetic measurements: constraints on eruption mechanisms / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:345-357, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.30 --- Maurizio De’ Gennaro, Paola R. Gialanella, Alberto Incoronato, Giuseppe Mastrolorenzo, and Debora Naimo: Palaeomagnetic controls on the emplacement of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:359-365, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.31 --- Alberto Incoronato: Magnetic stratigraphy procedures in volcanic areas: the experience at Vesuvius / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:367-371, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.32 --- Archaeomagnetism --- M. E. Evans: Archaeomagnetic results from the Mediterranean region: an overview / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:373-384, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.33 --- P. Márton: Archaeomagnetic directions: the Hungarian calibration curve / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:385-399, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.34 --- A. Morris: Glossary of basic palaeomagnetic and rock magnetic terms / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 105:401-415, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.105.01.35
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (422 Seiten) , Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1897799551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Unbekannt
    London : The Geological Society
    Schlagwort(e): Atlantischer Raum Nord ; Präkambrium ; Erdkruste ; Crosta da terra (evolução) ; Crust ; Earth ; Earth - Crust - Congresses ; Geology ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; Géologie - Atlantique Nord (région) ; Lithosphère ; North Atlantic Region ; Precambrian ; Pré-cambriano - Oceano atlântico;região norte ; Précambrien
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: D. B. Snyder, S. B. Lucas, and J. H. McBride: Crustal and mantle reflectors from Palaeoproterozoic orogens and their relation to arc-continent collisions / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:1-23, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.01 --- H. R. Rollinson: Tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite magmatism and the genesis of Lewisian crust during the Archaean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:25-42, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.02 --- A. Vrevsky, R. Krimsky, and S. Svetov: Rare earth and isotopic (Nd, O) heterogeneity of the Archaean mantle, Baltic Shield / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:43-53, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.03 --- E. V. Bibikova, T. Skiöld, and S. V. Bogdanova: Age and geodynamic aspects of the oldest rocks in the Precambrian Belomorian Belt of the Baltic (Fennoscandian) Shield / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:55-67, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.04 --- S. V. Bogdanova: High-grade metamorphism of 2.45–2.4 Ga age in mafic intrusions of the Belomorian Belt in the northeastern Baltic Shield / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:69-90, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.05 --- Martin J. Van Kranendonk and Richard J. Wardle: Burwell domain of the Palaeoproterozoic Torngat Orogen, northeastern Canada: tilted cross-section of a magmatic are caught between a rock and a hard place / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:91-115, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.06 --- Toby Rivers, Flemming Mengel, David J. Scott, Lisa M. Campbell, and Normand Goulet: Torngat Orogen — a Palaeoproterozoic example of a narrow doubly vergent collisional orogen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:117-136, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.07 --- R. J. Wardle and M. J. Van Kranendonk: The Palaeoproterozoic Southeastern Churchill Province of Labrador-Quebec, Canada: orogenic development as a consequence of oblique collision and indentation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:137-153, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.08 --- Andrew Kerr, Bruce Ryan, Charles F. Gower, Richard J. Wardle, and Andrew Kerr: The Makkovik Province: extension of the Ketilidian Mobile Belt in mainland North America / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:155-177, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.09 --- B. Chadwick and A. A. Garde: Palaeoproterozoic oblique plate convergence in South Greenland: a reappraisal of the Ketilidian Orogen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:179-196, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.10 --- Charles F. Gower: The evolution of the Grenville Province in eastern Labrador, Canada / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:197-218, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.11 --- Ian C. Starmer: Accretion, rifting, rotation and collision in the North Atlantic supercontinent, 1700-950 Ma / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:219-248, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.12 --- A. Wikström, T. Skiöld, and B. Öhlander: The relationship between 1.88 Ga old magmatism and the Baltic-Bothnian shear zone in northern Sweden / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:249-259, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.13 --- J. N. Connelly and K-I. Åhäll: The Mesoproterozoic cratonization of Baltica — new age constraints from SW Sweden / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:261-273, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.14 --- J. F. Menuge and T. S. Brewer: Mesoproterozoic anorogenic magmatism in southern Norway / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:275-295, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.15 --- J. N. Connelly, J. Berglund, and S. Å. Larson: Thermotectonic evolution of the Eastern Segment of southwestern Sweden: tectonic constraints from U-Pb geochronology / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:297-313, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.16 --- Laurence M. Page, Michael B. Stephens, and Carl-Henric Wahlgren: 40Ar/39Ar geochronological constraints on the tectonothermal evolution of the Eastern Segment of the Sveconorwegian Orogen, south-central Sweden / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:315-330, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.17 --- S. Mertanen, L. J. Pesonen, and H. Huhma: Palaeomagnetism and Sm-Nd ages of the Neoproterozoic diabase dykes in Laanila and Kautokeino, northern Fennoscandia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:331-358, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.18 --- Trevor F. Emmett: The provenance of pre-Scandian continental flakes within the Caledonide Orogen of south-central Norway / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:359-366, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.19 --- W. R. Fitches, N. J. G. Pearce, J. A. Evans, and R. J. Muir: Provenance of late Proterozoic Dalradian tillite clasts, Inner Hebrides, Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:367-377, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.20
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VII, 386 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1897799624
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 4
    Schlagwort(e): Becken (Geologie) ; Cergy (1996) ; Geologie ; Mittelmeer ; Pannonisches Becken ; Basins (Geology) ; Mediterranean region ; Orogeny ; Alpine region ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; Geology, Cenozoic
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: B. Durand and L. Jolivet: Foreword / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:vii-ix, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.01 --- L. Jolivet, D. Frizon de Lamotte, A. Mascle, and M. Séranne: The Mediterranean Basins: Tertiary Extension within the Alpine Orogen — an introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:1-14, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.02 --- Western Mediterranean --- Michel Séranne: The Gulf of Lion continental margin (NW Mediterranean) revisited by IBS: an overview / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:15-36, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.03 --- N. Chamot-Rooke, J.-M. Gaulier, and F. Jestin: Constraints on Moho depth and crustal thickness in the Liguro-Provençal basin from a 3D gravity inversion: geodynamic implications / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:37-61, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.04 --- J. Vergés and F. Sàbat: Constraints on the Neogene Mediterranean kinematic evolution along a 1000 km transect from Iberia to Africa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:63-80, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.05 --- A. Benedicto, M. Séguret, and P. Labaume: Interaction between faulting, drainage and sedimentation in extensional hanging-wall syncline basins: example of the Oligocene Matelles basin (Gulf of Lion rifted margin, SE France) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:81-108, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.06 --- H. P. Zeck: Alpine plate kinematics in the western Mediterranean: a westward-directed subduction regime followed by slab roll-back and slab detachment / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:109-120, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.07 --- Alain Mascle and Roland Vially: The petroleum systems of the Southeast Basin and Gulf of Lion (France) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:121-140, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.08 --- Marjorie Wilson and Gianluca Bianchini: Tertiary-Quaternary magmatism within the Mediterranean and surrounding regions / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:141-168, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.09 --- A. Mauffret and I. Contrucci: Crustal structure of the North Tyrrhenian Sea: first result of the multichannel seismic LISA cruise / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:169-193, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.10 --- Pannonian Basin --- Frank Horváth and Gábor Tari: IBS Pannonian Basin project: a review of the main results and their bearings on hydrocarbon exploration / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:195-213, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.11 --- Gábor Tari, Péter Dövényi, István Dunkl, Frank Horváth, László Lenkey, Mihai Stefanescu, Péter Szafián, and Tamás Tóth: Lithospheric structure of the Pannonian basin derived from seismic, gravity and geothermal data / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:215-250, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.12 --- István Györfi, László Csontos, and András Nagymarosy: Early Tertiary structural evolution of the border zone between the Pannonian and Transylvanian Basins / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:251-267, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.13 --- P. Gerner, G. Bada, P. Dövényi, B. Müller, M. C. Oncescu, S. Cloetingh, and F. Horváth: Recent tectonic stress and crustal deformation in and around the Pannonian Basin: data and models / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:269-294, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.14 --- László Fodor, László Csontos, Gábor Bada, István Györfi, and László Benkovics: Tertiary tectonic evolution of the Pannonian Basin system and neighbouring orogens: a new synthesis of palaeostress data / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:295-334, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.15 --- E. Juhász, L. Phillips, P. Müller, B. Ricketts, Á. Tóth-Makk, M. Lantos, and L. Ó. Kovács: Late Neogene sedimentary facies and sequences in the Pannonian Basin, Hungary / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:335-356, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.16 --- Marco Sacchi, Frank Horváth, and Orsolya Magyari: Role of unconformity-bounded units in the stratigraphy of the continental record: a case study from the Late Miocene of the western Pannonian Basin, Hungary / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:357-390, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.17 --- R. T. Van Balen, L. Lenkey, F. Horváth, and S. A. P. L. Cloetingh: Two-dimensional modelling of stratigraphy and compaction-driven fluid flow in the Pannonian Basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:391-414, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.18 --- Eastern Mediterranean --- Denis Hatzfeld: The present-day tectonics of the Aegean as deduced from seismicity / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:415-426, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.19 --- L. Jolivet and M. Patriat: Ductile extension and the formation of the Aegean Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:427-456, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.20 --- A. L. W. Lips, J. R. Wijbrans, and S. H. White: New insights from 40Ar/39Ar laserprobe dating of white mica fabrics from the Pelion Massif, Pelagonian Zone, Internal Hellenides, Greece: implications for the timing of metamorphic episodes and tectonic events in the Aegean region / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:457-474, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.21 --- Aral I. Okay and Okan Tüysüz: Tethyan sutures of northern Turkey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:475-515, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.22 --- General --- P. A. Ziegler and F. Roure: Petroleum systems of Alpine-Mediterranean foldbelts and basins / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:517-540, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.23 --- C. Doglioni, E. Gueguen, P. Harabaglia, and F. Mongelli: On the origin of west-directed subduction zones and applications to the western Mediterranean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 156:541-561, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.156.01.24
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 569 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1862390339
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 5
    Unbekannt
    London : The Geological Society
    Schlagwort(e): Carbonatplattform ; Carbonates ; Carbonatos ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; Marine sediments ; Reefs ; Rochas sedimentares ; Rocks, Carbonate
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: V. P. Wright and T. P. Burchette: Carbonate ramps: an introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:1-5, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.01 --- W. M. Ahr: Carbonate ramps, 1973–1996: a historical review / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:7-14, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.02 --- A. Kirkham: A Quaternary proximal foreland ramp and its continental fringe, Arabian Gulf, UAE / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:15-41, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.03 --- Gordon Walkden and Alun Williams: Carbonate ramps and the Pleistocene-Recent depositional systems of the Arabian Gulf / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:43-53, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.04 --- Viviane Testa and Dan W. J. Bosence: Carbonate-siliciclastic sedimentation on a high-energy, ocean-facing, tropical ramp, NE Brazil / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:55-71, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.05 --- Janice M. Light and John B. Wilson: Cool-water carbonate deposition on the West Shetland Shelf: a modern distally steepened ramp / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:73-105, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.06 --- J. Fred Read: Phanerozoic carbonate ramps from greenhouse, transitional and ice-house worlds: clues from field and modelling studies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:107-135, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.07 --- M. Aurell, B. Bádenas, D. W. J. Bosence, and D. A. Waltham: Carbonate production and offshore transport on a Late Jurassic carbonate ramp (Kimmeridgian, Iberian basin, NE Spain): evidence from outcrops and computer modelling / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:137-161, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.08 --- Martyn Pedley: A review of sediment distributions and processes in Oligo-Miocene ramps of southern Italy and Malta (Mediterranean divide) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:163-179, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.09 --- Rodney F. Gilham and Charlie S. Bristow: Facies architecture and geometry of a prograding carbonate ramp during the early stages of foreland basin evolution: Lower Eocene sequences, Sierra del Cadí, SE Pyrenees, Spain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:181-203, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.10 --- H. D. Sinclair, Z. R. Sayer, and M. E. Tucker: Carbonate sedimentation during early foreland basin subsidence: the Eocene succession of the French Alps / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:205-227, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.11 --- Irene Gómez-Pérez, Pedro A. Fernández-Mendiola, and Joaquín García-Mondéjar: Constructional dynamics for a Lower Cretaceous carbonate ramp (Gorbea Massif, north Iberia) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:229-252, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.12 --- Martina Bachmann and Jochen Kuss: The Middle Cretaceous carbonate ramp of the northern Sinai: sequence stratigraphy and facies distribution / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:253-280, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.13 --- Ana C. Azerêdo: Geometry and facies dynamics of Middle Jurassic carbonate ramp sandbodies, West-Central Portugal / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:281-314, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.14 --- Kinga Hips: Lower Triassic storm-dominated ramp sequence in northern Hungary: an example of evolution from homoclinal through distally steepened ramp to Middle Triassic flat-topped platform / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:315-338, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.15 --- Ákos Török: Controls on development of Mid-Triassic ramps: examples from southern Hungary / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:339-367, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.16 --- Zakaria Lasemi, Rodney D. Norby, and Janis D. Treworgy: Depositional facies and sequence stratigraphy of a Lower Carboniferous bryozoan-crinoidal carbonate ramp in the Illinois Basin, mid-continent USA / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:369-395, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.17 --- Jobst Wendt and Bernd Kaufmann: Mud buildups on a Middle Devonian carbonate ramp (Algerian Sahara) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:397-415, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.18 --- Bernd Kaufmann: Middle Devonian reef and mud mounds on a carbonate ramp: Mader Basin (eastern Anti-Atlas, Morocco) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:417-435, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.19 --- Yong Seok Choi and J. A. Simo: Ramp facies and sequence stratigraphic models in an epeiric sea: the Upper Ordovician mixed carbonate-siliciclastic Glenwood and Platteville Formations, Wisconsin, USA / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 149:437-456, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.149.01.20
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (465 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1862390258
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 6
    Unbekannt
    London : The Geological Society
    Schlagwort(e): Anden ; Argentinien ; Gondwanaland ; Palöozoikum ; Argentina ; Geology ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; Gondwana (Continent) ; Paleozoic
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: R. J. Pankhurst and C. W. Rapela: The proto-Andean margin of Gondwana: an introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:1-9, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.01 --- Ricardo A. Astini: Stratigraphical evidence supporting the rifting, drifting and collision of the Laurentian Precordillera terrane of western Argentina / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:11-33, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.02 --- Martin Keller, Werner Buggisch, and Oliver Lehnert: The stratigraphical record of the Argentine Precordillera and its plate-tectonic background / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:35-56, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.03 --- Juan L. Benedetto: Early Palaeozoic brachiopods and associated shelly faunas from western Gondwana: their bearing on the geodynamic history of the pre-Andean margin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:57-83, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.04 --- Patricia wood Dickerson and Martin Keller: The Argentine Precordillera: its odyssey from the Laurentian Ouachita margin towards the Sierras Pampeanas of Gondwana / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:85-105, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.05 --- Warren D. Huff, Stig M. Bergström, Dennis R. Kolata, Carlos A. Cingolani, and Ricardo A. Astini: Ordovician K-bentonites in the Argentine Precordillera: relations to Gondwana margin evolution / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:107-126, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.06 --- Heinrich Bahlburg: The geochemistry and provenance of Ordovician turbidites in the Argentine Puna / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:127-142, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.07 --- Victor A. Ramos, R. D. Dallmeyer, and Graciela Vujovich: Time constraints on the Early Palaeozoic docking of the Precordillera, central Argentina / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:143-158, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.08 --- Graciela I. Vujovich and Suzanne Mahlburg Kay: A Laurentian? Grenville-age oceanic arc/back-arc terrane in the Sierra de Pie de Palo, Western Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:159-179, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.09 --- C. W. Rapela, R. J. Pankhurst, C. Casquet, E. Baldo, J. Saavedra, C. Galindo, and C. M. Fanning: The Pampean Orogeny of the southern proto-Andes: Cambrian continental collision in the Sierras de Córdoba / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:181-217, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.10 --- Luis H. Dalla Salda, Mónica G. López de Luchi, Carlos A. Cingolani, and Ricardo Varela: Laurentia-Gondwana collision: the origin of the Famatinian-Appalachian Orogenic Belt (a review) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:219-234, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.11 --- W. Von Gosen and C. Prozzi: Structural evolution of the Sierra de San Luis (Eastern Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina): implications for the Proto-Andean Margin of Gondwana / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:235-258, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.12 --- J. P. Sims, T. R. Ireland, A. Camacho, P. Lyons, P. E. Pieters, R. G. Skirrow, P. G. Stuart-Smith, and R. Miró: U-Pb, Th-Pb and Ar-Ar geochronology from the southern Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina: implications for the Palaeozoic tectonic evolution of the western Gondwana margin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:259-281, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.13 --- J. Saavedra, A. Toselli, J. Rossi, E. Pellitero, and F. Durand: The Early Palaeozoic magmatic record of the Famatina System: a review / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:283-295, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.14 --- Grady C. Grissom, Susan M. Debari, and Lawrence W. Snee: Geology of the Sierra de Fiambalá, northwestern Argentina: implications for Early Palaeozoic Andean tectonics / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:297-323, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.15 --- E. J. Llambías, A. M. Sato, A. Ortiz Suárez, and C. Prozzi: The granitoids of the Sierra de San Luis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:325-341, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.16 --- R. J. Pankhurst, C. W. Rapela, J. Saavedra, E. Baldo, J. Dahlquist, I. Pascua, and C. M. Fanning: The Famatinian magmatic arc in the central Sierras Pampeanas: an Early to Mid-Ordovician continental arc on the Gondwana margin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 142:343-367, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.17
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (383 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1862390215
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 7
    Schlagwort(e): Paläogeographie ; Fossile Erdoberfläche ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; Geomorphology ; Intemperismo ; Paleoambientes ; Paleogeography ; Paleopedology
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: M. Widdowson: The geomorphological and geological importance of palaeosurfaces / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:1-12, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.01 --- C. R. Twidale: The great age of some Australian landforms: examples of, and possible explanations for, landscape longevity / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:13-23, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.02 --- Europe --- Philip S. Ringrose and Piotr Migoń: Analysis of digital elevation data for the Scottish Highlands and recognition of pre-Quaternary elevated surfaces / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:25-35, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.03 --- Peter Coxon and Catherine Coxon: A pre-Pliocene or Pliocene land surface in County Galway, Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:37-55, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.04 --- John J. McAlister and Bernard J. Smith: Geochemical trends in Early Tertiary palaeosols from northeast Ireland: a statistical approach to assess element behaviour during weathering / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:57-65, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.05 --- David W. Jolley: Palaeosurface palynofloras of the Skye lava field and the age of the British Tertiary volcanic province / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:67-94, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.06 --- Karna Lidmar-Bergström, Siv Olsson, and Mats Olvmo: Palaeosurfaces and associated saprolites in southern Sweden / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:95-124, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.07 --- Yvonne Battiau-Queney: Preservation of old palaeosurfaces in glaciated areas: examples from the French western Alps / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:125-132, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.08 --- W. Brian Whalley, Brice R. Rea, Michelle M. Rainey, and John J. McAlister: Rock weathering in blockfields: some preliminary data from mountain plateaus in North Norway / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:133-145, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.09 --- M. Gutiérrez-Elorza and F. J. Gracia: Environmental interpretation and evolution of the Tertiary erosion surfaces in the Iberian Range (Spain) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:147-158, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.10 --- Harald Borger: Environmental changes during the Tertiary: the example of palaeoweathering residues in central Spain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:159-173, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.11 --- E. Molina Ballesteros, J. García Talegón, and M. A. Vicente Hernández: Palaeoweathering profiles developed on the Iberian Hercynian Basement and their relationship to the oldest Tertiary surface in central and western Spain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:175-185, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.12 --- Piotr Migoń: Tertiary etchsurfaces in the Sudetes Mountains, SW Poland: a contribution to the pre-Quaternary morphology of Central Europe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:187-202, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.13 --- Ján Lacika: Neogene palaeosurfaces in the volcanic area of Central Slovakia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:203-219, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.14 --- India --- M. Widdowson: Tertiary palaeosurfaces of the SW Deccan, Western India: implications for passive margin uplift / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:221-248, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.15 --- Yanni Gunnell: Topography, palaeosurfaces and denudation over the Karnataka Uplands, southern India / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:249-267, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.16 --- M. Widdowson, J. N. Walsh, and K. V. Subbarao: The geochemistry of Indian bole horizons: palaeoenvironmental implications of Deccan intravolcanic palaeosurfaces / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:269-281, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.17 --- Africa --- Kevin White, Nick Drake, and John Walden: Remote sensing for mapping palaeosurfaces on the basis of surficial chemistry: a mixed pixel approach / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:283-293, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.18 --- D. J. Bowden: The geochemistry and development of lateritized footslope benches: The Kasewe Hills, Sierra Leone / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:295-305, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.19 --- South America --- L. Kennan, S. H. Lamb, and L. Hoke: High-altitude palaeosurfaces in the Bolivian Andes: evidence for late Cenozoic surface uplift / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:307-323, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.20 --- Errata --- Erratum / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:ERR, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.22 --- Erratum / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 120:ERR, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.120.01.23
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 330 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1897799578
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 8
    Unbekannt
    London : The Geological Society
    Schlagwort(e): Quartärforschung ; Quartär ; Britische Inseln ; Großbritannien ; Estratigrafia ; Geology ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; Great Britain ; Quartair ; Quaternary
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: R. C. Preece: Introduction - Island Britain: a Quaternary perspective / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:1-2, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.01 --- Brian M. Funnell: Global sea-level and the (pen-)insularity of late Cenozoic Britain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:3-13, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.02 --- P. L. Gibbard: The formation of the Strait of Dover / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:15-26, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.03 --- D. R. Bridgland and B. D’Olier: The Pleistocene evolution of the Thames and Rhine drainage systems in the southern North Sea Basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:27-45, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.04 --- Andrew G. Bellamy: Extension of the British landmass: evidence from shelf sediment bodies in the English Channel / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:47-62, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.05 --- D. H. Keen: Raised beaches and sea-levels in the English Channel in the Middle and Late Pleistocene: problems of interpretation and implications for the isolation of the British Isles / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:63-74, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.06 --- J. D. Scourse and R. M. Austin: Palaeotidal modelling of continental shelves: marine implications of a land-bridge in the Strait of Dover during the Holocene and Middle Pleistocene / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:75-88, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.07 --- T. Meijer and R. C. Preece: Malacological evidence relating to the insularity of the British Isles during the Quaternary / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:89-110, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.08 --- A. J. Stuart: Insularity and Quaternary vertebrate faunas in Britain and Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:111-125, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.09 --- Antony J. Sutcliffe: Insularity of the British Isles 250 000–30 000 years ago: the mammalian, including human, evidence / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:127-140, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.10 --- Alan Turner: Evidence for Pleistocene contact between the British Isles and the European Continent based on distributions of larger carnivores / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:141-149, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.11 --- Adrian M. Lister: Sea-levels and the evolution of island endemics: the dwarf red deer of Jersey / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:151-172, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.12 --- K. D. Bennett: Insularity and the Quaternary tree and shrub flora of the British Isles / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:173-180, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.13 --- Robert J. N. Devoy: Deglaciation, Earth crustal behaviour and sea-level changes in the determination of insularity: a perspective from Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:181-208, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.14 --- Robin T. R. Wingfield: A model of sea-levels in the Irish and Celtic seas during the end-Pleistocene to Holocene transition / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:209-242, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.15 --- P. Coxon and S. Waldren: The floristic record of Ireland’s Pleistocene temperate stages / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 96:243-267, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.096.01.16
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (274 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1897799403
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  • 9
    Schlagwort(e): Bildgebendes Verfahren ; Bohrloch ; Bohrlochmessung ; Bohrlochgeophysik ; Borehole mining ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; Geophysical well logging
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Stephen E. Prensky: Advances in borehole imaging technology and applications / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:1-43, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.01 --- Philip S. Cheung: Microresistivity and ultrasonic imagers: tool operations and processing principles with reference to commonly encountered image artefacts / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:45-57, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.02 --- J. C. Lofts and L. T. Bourke: The recognition of artefacts from acoustic and resistivity borehole imaging devices / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:59-76, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.03 --- Robert Trice: A methodology for applying a non unique, morphological classification to sine wave events picked from borehole image log data / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:77-90, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.04 --- Jeremy Prosser, Stuart Buck, Shaun Saddler, and Vince Hilton: Methodologies for multi-well sequence analysis using borehole image and dipmeter data / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:91-121, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.05 --- Malcolm Rider, Tim Goodall, and Tim Dodson: A pre-development turbidite reservoir evaluation using FMS electrical images / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:123-137, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.06 --- David J. Went and William C. Fisher: Stratigraphic relationships in the upper Rotliegend: interpretations from horizontal and vertical well borehole images, core and logs in the Lancelot area, Southern North Sea, UK / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:139-153, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.07 --- Robert Trice: Application of borehole image logs in constructing 3D static models of productive fracture networks in the Apulian Platform, Southern Apennines / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:155-176, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.08 --- R. M. McGarva, C. Bell, and J. Bedford: Use of Resistivity At Bit (RAB) images within an Eocene submarine channel complex, Alba Field, UKCS / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:177-189, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.09 --- T. Hansen and D. N. Parkinson: Insights from simultaneous acoustic and resistivity imaging / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:191-201, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.10 --- Ian Goodall, Jeremy Lofts, Matthew Mulcahy, Michael Ashton, and Sam Johnson: A sedimentological application of ultrasonic borehole images in complex lithologies: the Lower Kimmeridge Clay Formation, Magnus Field, UKCS / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:203-225, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.11 --- Trevor Williams and Carlos Pirmez: FMS Images from carbonates of the Bahama Bank Slope, ODP Leg 166: Lithological identification and cyclo-stratigraphy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:227-238, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.12 --- Laird B. Thompson and J. W. Snedden: Geology and reservoir description of 1Y1 reservoir, Oso Field, Nigeria using FMS and dipmeter / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:239-257, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.13 --- D. N. Parkinson, R. J. Dixon, and E. J. Jolley: Contributions of acoustic imaging to the development of the Bruce Field, Northern North Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:259-270, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.14 --- L. M. Grace, B. M. Newberry, and J. H. Harper: Fault visualization from borehole images for sidetrack optimization / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:271-281, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.15 --- T. S. Brewer, P. K. Harvey, S. Haggas, P. A. Pezard, and D. Goldberg: Borehole images of the ocean crust: case histories from the Ocean Drilling Program / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 159:283-294, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.159.01.16
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (296 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Tabellen
    ISBN: 1862390436
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  • 10
    Schlagwort(e): Atlantischer Ozean Nord ; Jungquartär ; Kontinentalrand ; Paläoozeanographie ; Arctic Ocean Region ; Continental margins ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; North Atlantic Ocean Region ; Paleoceanography ; Quaternary
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: John T. Andrews, William E. N. Austin, Helene Bergsten, and Anne E. Jennings: The Late Quaternary palaeoceanography of North Atlantic margins: an introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:1-6, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.01 --- Karen Luise Knudsen and William E. N. Austin: Late glacial foraminifera / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:7-10, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.02 --- Canadian North Atlantic Margins --- J. T. Andrews, L. E. Osterman, A. E. Jennings, J. P. M. Syvitski, G. H. Miller, and N. Weiner: Abrupt changes in marine conditions, Sunneshine Fiord, eastern Baffin Island, NWT during the last deglacial transition: Younger Dryas and H-0 events / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:11-27, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.03 --- Anne E. Jennings, Kathy A. Tedesco, John T. Andrews, and Matthew E. Kirby: Shelf erosion and glacial ice proximity in the Labrador Sea during and after Heinrich events (H-3 or 4 to H-0) as shown by foraminifera / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:29-49, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.04 --- James P. M. Syvitski, C. F. Michael Lewis, David J. W. Piper, and James P. M. Syvitski: Palaeoceanographic information derived from acoustic surveys of glaciated continental margins: examples from eastern Canada / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:51-76, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.05 --- R. R. Stea, R. Boyd, O. Costello, G. B. J. Fader, and D. B. Scott: Deglaciation of the inner Scotian Shelf, Nova Scotia: correlation of terrestrial and marine glacial events / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:77-101, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.06 --- Frank R. Hall and Stefanie J. Reed: Rock (mineral)-magnetic properties of post-glacial (16–0.5 ka) sediments from the Emerald Basin (Scotian Shelf), Canada / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:103-115, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.07 --- Arctic Ocean, East Greenland Margin and Northeastern North Atlantic --- Thomas M. Cronin, Gary S. Dwyer, Paul A. Baker, Julio Rodriguez-Lazaro, and William M. Briggs, Jr: Deep-sea ostracode shell chemistry (Mg:Ca ratios) and Late Quaternary Arctic Ocean history / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:117-134, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.08 --- Ruediger Stein, Seung-il Nam, Hannes Grobe, and Hans Hubberten: Late Quaternary glacial history and short-term ice-rafted debris fluctuations along the East Greenland continental margin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:135-151, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.09 --- J. T. Andrews, Anne E. Jennings, T. Cooper, Kerstin M. Williams, and J. Mienert: Late Quaternary sedimentation along a fjord to shelf (trough) transect, East Greenland (c. 68° N) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:153-166, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.10 --- J. C. Duplessy, L. D. Labeyrie, and M. Paterne: North Atlantic sea surface conditions during the Younger Dryas cold event / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:167-175, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.11 --- Nalân Koç, Eystein Jansen, Morten Hald, and Laurent Labeyrie: Late glacial-Holocene sea surface temperatures and gradients between the North Atlantic and the Norwegian Sea: implications for the Nordic heat pump / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:177-185, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.12 --- Northwestern European and European Arctic Margins --- W. E. N. Austin and D. Kroon: Late glacial sedimentology, foraminifera and stable isotope stratigraphy of the Hebridean Continental Shelf, northwest Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:187-213, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.13 --- J. D. Peacock: Marine mollescan proxy data applied to Scottish late glacial and Flandrian sites: strengths and limitations / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:215-228, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.14 --- Ian Shennan, Mairéad M. Rutherford, James B. Innes, and Kevin J. Walker: Late glacial sea level and ocean margin environmental changes interpreted from biostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic studies of isolation basins in northwest Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:229-244, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.15 --- Hui Jiang and Kjell Nordberg: Late Weichselian environmental changes of the southern Kattegat, Scandinavia, inferred from diatom records / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:245-260, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.16 --- Niels Richardt: Sedimentological examination of the Late Weichselian sea-level history following deglaciation of northern Denmark / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:261-273, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.17 --- Morten Hald, Trond Dokken, and Sveinung Hagen: Palaeoceanography on the European arctic margin during the last deglaciation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:275-287, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.18 --- J. Lloyd, D. Kroon, C. Laban, and G. Boulton: Deglaciation history and palaeoceanography of the western Spitsbergen margin since the last glacial maximum / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:289-301, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.19 --- Tore O. Vorren and Jan S. Laberg: Late glacial air temperature, oceanographic and ice sheet interactions in the southern Barents Sea region / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:303-321, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.20 --- Leonid Polyak and Valery Mikhailov: Post-glacial environments of the southeastern Barents Sea: foraminiferal evidence / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:323-337, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.21 --- Mikko Punkari: Late Weichselian deglaciation of the Barents Sea and low salinity events in the Norwegian Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:339-349, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.22 --- Related Topics --- Karin A. F. Zonneveld and Karin P. Boessenkool: Palynology as a tool for land-sea correlation; an example from the eastern Mediterranean region / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:351-357, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.23 --- Nils-Axel Mörner: Earth rotation, ocean circulation and palaeoclimate: the North Atlantic — European example / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 111:359-370, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.111.01.24
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 376 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1897799616
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  • 11
    Schlagwort(e): Unterkarbon ; Unteres Karbon ; Carboniferous ; Estratigrafia ; Europe ; Geology ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; Mississippian ; New Mexico
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Peter Strogen, Ian D. Somerville, and Gareth Ll. Jones: Preface / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:vii-ix, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.01 --- Mineralization, Hydrocarbons and Diagenesis --- J. D. Johnston, D. Coller, G. Millar, and M. F. Critchley: Basement structural controls on Carboniferous-hosted base metal mineral deposits in Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:1-21, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.02 --- E. Shearley, P. Redmond, M. King, and R. Goodman: Geological controls on mineralization and dolomitization of the Lisheen Zn-Pb-Ag deposit, Co. Tipperary, Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:23-33, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.03 --- Cathy Hollis, Gordon Walkden, and Cathy Hollis: The use of burial diagenetic calcite cements to determine the controls upon hydrocarbon emplacement and mineralization on a carbonate platform, Derbyshire, England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:35-49, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.04 --- C. Veale and J. Parnell: Metal-organic interactions in the Dinantian Solway Basin, UK: inferences for oil migration studies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:51-63, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.05 --- Carbonate Buildups and Waulsortian Mud-Mounds --- Neil A. H. Pickard: Evidence for microbial influence on the development of Lower Carboniferous buildups / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:65-82, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.06 --- Wayne M. Ahr and Robert J. Stanton, Jr.: Constituent composition of Early Mississippian carbonate buildups and their level-bottom equivalents, Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:83-95, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.07 --- Kent C. Kirkby and Dave Hunt: Episodic growth of a Waulsortian buildup: the Lower Carboniferous Muleshoe Mound, Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico, USA / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:97-110, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.08 --- David L. Jeffery and Robert J. Stanton, Jr.: Biotic gradients on a homoclinal ramp: the Alamogordo Member of the Lake Valley Formation, Lower Mississippian, New Mexico, USA / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:111-126, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.09 --- Ian D. Somerville, Peter Strogen, Gareth LL. Jones, and H. E. Anne Somerville: Late Viséan buildups at Kingscourt, Ireland: possible precursors for Upper Carboniferous bioherms / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:127-144, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.10 --- Sergio Rodríguez: Development of coral reef-facies during the Viséan at Los Santos de Maimona, SW Spain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:145-152, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.11 --- Siliciclastic Rocks --- Carmen Moreno, Sonia Sierra, and Reinaldo Sáez: Evidence for catastrophism at the Famennian-Dinantian boundary in the Iberian Pyrite Belt / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:153-162, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.12 --- Kelly Maguire, Jillian Thompson, and Stuart Gowland: Dinantian depositional environments along the northern margin of the Solway Basin, UK / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:163-182, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.13 --- John R. Graham: Dinantian river systems and coastal zone sedimentation in northwest Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:183-206, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.14 --- Carbonate Platforms and Ramps --- Giancarlo Rizzi, Colin J. R. Braithwaite, and Giancarlo Rizzi: Cyclic emersion surfaces and channels within Dinantian limestones hosting the giant Navan Zn-Pb deposit, Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:207-219, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.15 --- A. D. Horbury and A. E. Adams: Microfacies associations in Asbian carbonates: an example from the Urswick Limestone Formation of the southern Lake District, northern England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:221-237, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.16 --- Stephen J. Gallagher: The stratigraphy and cyclicity of the late Dinantian platform carbonates in parts of southern and western Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:239-251, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.17 --- John G. Kelly: Initiation, growth and decline of a tectonically controlled Asbian carbonate ramp: Cuilcagh Mountain area, NW Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:253-262, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.18 --- P. Strogen, I. D. Somerville, N. A. H. Pickard, G. LL. Jones, and M. Fleming: Controls on ramp, platform and basinal sedimentation in the Dinantian of the Dublin Basin and Shannon Trough, Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:263-279, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.19 --- Simon Vanstone: The influence of climatic change on exposure surface development: a case study from the Late Dinantian of England and Wales / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:281-301, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.20 --- Basinal Facies --- Hans-Jürgen Gursky: Siliceous rocks of the Culm Basin, Germany / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:303-314, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.21 --- Zdzislaw Belka, Stanislaw Skompski, and Janina Sobon-Podgorska: Reconstruction of a lost carbonate platform on the shelf of Fennosarmatia: evidence from Viséan polymictic debrites, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:315-329, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.22 --- D. Naylor, G. D. Sevastopulo, and A. G. Sleeman: Contemporaneous erosion and reworking within the Dinantian of the South Munster Basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:331-343, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.23 --- J. G. Rees, J. D. Cornwell, Z. K. Dabek, and R. J. Merriman: The Apedale tuffs, North Staffordshire: probable remnants of a late Asbian/Brigantian (P1a) volcanic centre / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:345-357, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.24 --- Faunas, Floras and Biostratigraphy --- Mariya KH. Makhlina: Cyclic stratigraphy, facies and fauna of the Lower Carboniferous (Dinantian) of the Moscow Syneclise and Voronezh Anteclise / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:359-364, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.25 --- G. A. Rukina: Sequence biostratigraphy of the Tournaisian-Lower Viséan rocks of the Russian Platform / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:365-369, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.26 --- G. LL. Jones and I. D. Somerville: Irish Dinantian biostratigraphy: practical applications / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:371-385, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.27 --- O. A. Lebedev: Fish assemblages in the Tournaisian-Viséan environments of the East European Platform / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:387-415, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.28 --- A. Ivanov: The Early Carboniferous chondrichthyans of the South Urals, Russia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:417-425, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.29 --- David A. T. Harper and Anna L. Jeffrey: Mid-Dinantian brachiopod biofacies from western Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:427-436, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.30 --- Jim Smith: A palynofacies analysis of the Dinantian (Asbian) Glenade Sandstone Formation of the Leitrim Group, northwest Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 107:437-448, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.107.01.31
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (IX, 463 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1897799586
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  • 12
    Unbekannt
    London : The Geological Society
    Schlagwort(e): Nordwesteuropa ; Paläogen ; Stratigraphie ; Tertiär ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; Paleogene ; Geology / Europe, Western ; Stratigraphy ; Western Europe
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: R. W. O’B. Knox: Correlation of the early Paleogene in northwest Europe: an overview / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:1-11, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.01 --- Regional Studies: Stratigraphy, Tectonics and Volcanism --- J. E. Neal: A summary of Paleogene sequence stratigraphy in northwest Europe and the North Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:15-42, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.02 --- P. A. Nadin and N. J. Kusznir: Forward and reverse stratigraphic modelling of Cretaceous-Tertiary post-rift subsidence and Paleogene uplift in the Outer Moray Firth Basin, central North Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:43-62, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.03 --- J. D. Ritchie and K. Hitchen: Early Paleogene offshore igneous activity to the northwest of the UK and its relationship to the North Atlantic Igneous Province / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:63-78, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.04 --- Aidan M. Joy: Controls on Eocene sedimentation in the central North Sea Basin: results of a basinwide correlation study / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:79-90, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.05 --- David C. Mudge and Jonathan P. Bujak: An integrated stratigraphy for the Paleocene and Eocene of the North Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:91-113, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.06 --- J. E. Thomas: The occurrence of the dinoflagellate cyst Apectodinium (Costa & Downie 1976) Lentin & Williams 1977 in the Moray and Montrose Groups (Danian to Thanetian) of the UK central North Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:115-120, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.07 --- Susan E. Wood and Richard V. Tyson: An integrated palynological-palynofacies approach to the zonation of the Paleogene in the Forties-Montrose Ridge area, central North Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:121-128, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.08 --- Jason R. Ali and David W. Jolley: Chronostratigraphic framework for the Thanetian and lower Ypresian deposits of southern England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:129-144, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.09 --- A. J. Powell, H. Brinkhuis, and J. P. Bujak: Upper Paleocene-Lower Eocene dinoflagellate cyst sequence biostratigraphy of southeast England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:145-183, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.10 --- Richard A. Ellison, Jason R. Ali, Nicolette M. Hine, and David W. Jolley: Recognition of Chron C25n in the upper Paleocene Upnor Formation of the London Basin, UK / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:185-193, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.11 --- J. R. Ali, E. A. Hailwood, and C. King: The ‘Oldhaven magnetozone’ in East Anglia: a revised interpretation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:195-203, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.12 --- J. J. Hooker: Mammalian biostratigraphy across the Paleocene-Eocene boundary in the Paris, London and Belgian basins / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:205-218, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.13 --- David W. Jolley: The earliest Eocene sediments of eastern England: an ultra-high resolution palynological correlation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:219-254, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.14 --- Alexander G. Mitlehner: Palaeoenvironments in the North Sea Basin around the Paleocene-Eocene boundary: evidence from diatoms and other siliceous microfossils / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:255-273, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.15 --- B. Schmitz, C. Heilmann-Clausen, C. King, E. Steurbaut, F. P. Andreasson, R. M. Corfield, and J. E. Cartlidge: Stable isotope and biotic evolution in the North Sea during the early Eocene: the Albæk Hoved section, Denmark / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:275-306, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.16 --- Global Perspective: Geochronology and the Oceanic Record --- W. A. Berggren and M.-P. Aubry: A late Paleocene-early Eocene NW European and North Sea magnetobiochronological correlation network / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:309-352, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.17 --- Marie-Pierre Aubry, William A. Berggren, Lowell Stott, and Ashish Sinha: The upper Paleocene-lower Eocene stratigraphic record and the Paleocene-Eocene boundary carbon isotope excursion: implications for geochronology / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:353-380, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.18 --- Lowell D. Stott, Ashish Sinha, Medard Thiry, Marie-Pierre Aubry, and William A. Berggren: Global δ13C changes across the Paleocene-Eocene boundary: criteria for terrestrial-marine correlations / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:381-399, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.19 --- E. Thomas and N. J. Shackleton: The Paleocene-Eocene benthic foraminiferal extinction and stable isotope anomalies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:401-441, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.20 --- Richard M. Corfield and Richard D. Norris: Deep water circulation in the Paleocene Ocean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:443-456, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.21 --- Stella D. Charisi and Birger Schmitz: Early Eocene palaeoceanography and palaeoclimatology of the eastern North Atlantic: stable isotope results for DSDP Hole 550 / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 101:457-472, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.22
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VI, 480 Seiten) , Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1897799470
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 13
    Schlagwort(e): Biostratigraphie ; Erdölgeologie ; Bioestratigrafia ; Biostratigraphie ; Geology, Economic ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; Géologie économique ; Micropaleontologia ; Paleontology, Stratigraphic ; Petroleum ; Prospecting ; Prospecção geológica ; Pétrole - Géologie ; Stratigraphie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: R. W. Jones and M. D. Simmons: Preface and Introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:1-3, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.01 --- S. N. J. Payne, D. F. Ewen, and M. J. Bowman: The role and value of ‘high-impact biostratigraphy’ in reservoir appraisal and development / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:5-22, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.02 --- S. Duxbury, D. Kadolsky, and S. Johansen: Sequence stratigraphic subdivision of the Humber Group in the Outer Moray Firth area (UKCS, North Sea) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:23-54, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.03 --- P. H. Morris, S. N. J. Payne, and D. P. J. Richards: Micropalaeontological biostratigraphy of the Magnus Sandstone Member (Kimmeridgian-Early Volgian), Magnus Field, UK North Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:55-73, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.04 --- D. J. Shipp: Well-site biostratigraphy of Danish horizontal wells / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:75-84, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.05 --- J. A. Bergen and P. J. Sikora: Microfossil diachronism in southern Norwegian North Sea chalks: Valhall and Hod fields / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:85-111, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.06 --- P. J. Sikora, J. A. Bergen, and C. L. Farmer: Chalk palaeoenvironments and depositional model, Valhall-Hod fields, southern Norwegian North Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:113-137, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.07 --- M. D. Bidgood, A. G. Mitlehner, G. D. Jones, and D. J. Jutson: Towards a stable and agreed nomenclature for North Sea Tertiary diatom floras — the ‘Coscinodiscus’ problem / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:139-153, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.08 --- N. A. Holmes: The Andrew Formation and ‘biosteering’ — different reservoirs, different approaches / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:155-166, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.09 --- G. Mangerud, T. Dreyer, L. Søyseth, O. Martinsen, and A. Ryseth: High-resolution biostratigraphy and sequence development of the Palaeocene succession, Grane Field, Norway / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:167-184, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.10 --- R. W. Jones: Forties Field (North Sea) revisited: a demonstration of the value of historical micropalaeontological data / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:185-200, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.11 --- D. McLean and S. J. Davies: Constraints on the application of palynology to the correlation of Euramerican Late Carboniferous clastic hydrocarbon reservoirs / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:201-218, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.12 --- M. D. Simmons, M. D. Bidgood, P. Brenac, P. D. Crevello, J. J. Lambiase, and C. K. Morley: Microfossil assemblages as proxies for precise palaeoenvironmental determination — an example from Miocene sediments of northwest Borneo / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:219-241, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.13 --- R. W. Jones, N. E. Jones, A. D. King, and D. Shaw: Reservoir biostratigraphy of the Pedernales Field, Venezuela / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:243-257, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.14 --- J. M. Armentrout, L. B. Fearn, K. Rodgers, S. Root, W. D. Lyle, D. C. Herrick, R. B. Bloch, J. W. Snedden, and B. Nwankwo: High-resolution sequence biostratigraphy of a lowstand prograding deltaic wedge: Oso Field (late Miocene), Nigeria / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:259-290, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.15 --- C. J. Van Der Zwan and W. A. Brugman: Biosignals from the EA Field, Nigeria / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:291-301, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.16 --- B. J. O’Neill, A. E. DuVernay, and R. A. George: Applied palaeontology: a critical stratigraphic tool in Gulf of Mexico exploration and exploitation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 152:303-308, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.152.01.17
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (318 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme ; 25cm + fold out charts
    ISBN: 1862390312
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 14
    Schlagwort(e): Känozoikum ; Vortiefe ; Westeuropa ; Basins (Geology) ; Europe, Western ; Cenozoic ; Europe ; Geology ; Geology, Stratigraphic
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: B. Durand: Foreword / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:vii-viii, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.01 --- Alain Mascle and Cai Puigdefàbregas: Tectonics and sedimentation in foreland basins: results from the Integrated Basin Studies project / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:1-28, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.02 --- Guadalquivir and Ebro Foreland Basins (Spain) --- M. Fernàndez, X. Berástegui, C. Puig, D. García-Castellanos, M. J. Jurado, M. Torné, and C. Banks: Geophysical and geological constraints on the evolution of the Guadalquivir foreland basin, Spain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:29-48, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.03 --- X. Berástegui, C.J. Banks, C. Puig, C. Taberner, D. Waltham, and M. Fernàndez: Lateral diapiric emplacement of Triassic evaporites at the southern margin of the Guadalquivir Basin, Spain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:49-68, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.04 --- Edward A. Williams, Mary Ford, Jaume Vergés, and Andrea Artoni: Alluvial gravel sedimentation in a contractional growth fold setting, Sant Llorenç de Morunys, southeastern Pyrenees / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:69-106, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.05 --- J. Vergés, M. Marzo, T. Santaeulària, J. Serra-Kiel, D. W. Burbank, J. A. Muñoz, and J. Giménez-Montsant: Quantified vertical motions and tectonic evolution of the SE Pyrenean foreland basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:107-134, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.06 --- Wouter Nijman: Cyclicity and basin axis shift in a piggyback basin: towards modelling of the Eocene Tremp-Ager Basin, South Pyrenees, Spain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:135-162, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.07 --- Anna Travé, Pierre Labaume, Francesc Calvet, Albert Soler, Jordi Tritlla, Martine Buatier, Jean-Luc Potdevin, Michel Séguret, Suzanne Raynaud, and Louis Briqueu: Fluid migration during Eocene thrust emplacement in the south Pyrenean foreland basin (Spain): an integrated structural, mineralogical and geochemical approach / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:163-188, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.08 --- French Western Alps --- W. Henry Lickorish and Mary Ford: Sequential restoration of the external Alpine Digne thrust system, SE France, constrained by kinematic data and synorogenic sediments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:189-211, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.09 --- Andrea Artoni and Lawrence D. Meckel III: History and deformation rates of a thrust sheet top basin: the Barrême basin, western Alps, SE France / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:213-237, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.10 --- Yann Philippe, Eric Deville, and Alain Mascle: Thin-skinned inversion tectonics at oblique basin margins: example of the western Vercors and Chartreuse Subalpine massifs (SE France) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:239-262, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.11 --- Christian Beck, Eric Deville, Eric Blanc, Yann Philippe, and Marc Tardy: Horizontal shortening control of Middle Miocene marine siliciclastic accumulation (Upper Marine Molasse) in the southern termination of the Savoy Molasse Basin (northwestern Alps/southern Jura) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:263-278, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.12 --- Swiss, German and Austrian Molasse Basin --- Martin Burkhard and Anna Sommaruga: Evolution of the western Swiss Molasse basin: structural relations with the Alps and the Jura belt / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:279-298, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.13 --- J. Zweigel, T. Aigner, and H. Luterbacher: Eustatic versus tectonic controls on Alpine foreland basin fill: sequence stratigraphy and subsidence analysis in the SE German Molasse / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:299-323, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.14 --- J. Zweigel: Reservoir analogue modelling of sandy tidal sediments, Upper Marine Molasse, SW Germany, Alpine foreland basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:325-337, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.15 --- Ludwig R. Wagner: Tectono-stratigraphy and hydrocarbons in the Molasse Foredeep of Salzburg, Upper and Lower Austria / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:339-369, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.16 --- Numerical Modelling --- Stefan Bornholdt and Hildegard Westphal: Automation of stratigraphic simulations: quasi-backward modelling using genetic algorithms / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:371-379, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.17 --- Taco den Bezemer, Henk Kooi, Yuri Podladchikov, and Sierd Cloetingh: Numerical modelling of growth strata and grain-size distributions associated with fault-bend folding / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:381-401, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.18 --- B. Andeweg and S. Cloetingh: Flexure and ‘unflexure’ of the North Alpine German-Austrian Molasse Basin: constraints from forward tectonic modelling / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134:403-422, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.134.01.19
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 427 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1862390150
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 15
    Unbekannt
    London : The Geological Society
    Schlagwort(e): Archaikum (Geologie) ; Präkambrium ; Archaean ; Geology, Stratigraphic ; Geology, Structural ; Plate tectonics ; Précambrien ; Stratigraphie - Précambrien ; Tectonique des plaques
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Maarten J. De Wit and Andrew Hynes: The onset of interaction between the hydrosphere and oceanic crust, and the origin of the first continental lithosphere / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:1-9, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.01 --- Kenneth A. Eriksson: Crustal growth, surface processes, and atmospheric evolution on the early Earth / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:11-25, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.02 --- E. G. Nisbet: Archaean ecology: a review of evidence for the early development of bacterial biomes, and speculations on the development of a global-scale biosphere / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:27-51, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.03 --- R. M. Shackleton: Tectonic evolution of greenstone belts / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:53-65, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.04 --- P. Choukroune, H. Bouhallier, and N. T. Arndt: Soft lithosphere during periods of Archaean crustal growth or crustal reworking / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:67-86, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.05 --- Peter J. Treloar and Tom G. Blenkinsop: Archaean deformation patterns in Zimbabwe: true indicators of Tibetan-style crustal extrusion or not? / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:87-107, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.06 --- James F. Wilson, Robert W. Nesbitt, and C. Mark Fanning: Zircon geochronology of Archaean felsic sequences in the Zimbabwe craton: a revision of greenstone stratigraphy and a model for crustal growth / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:109-126, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.07 --- Alec F. Trendall: Paradigms for the Pilbara / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:127-142, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.08 --- John S. Myers: The generation and assembly of an Archaean supercontinent: evidence from the Yilgarn craton, Western Australia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:143-154, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.09 --- D. I. Groves, J. R. Ridley, E. M. J. Bloem, M. Gebre-Mariam, S. G. Hagemann, J. M. A. Hronsky, J. T. Knight, N. J. McNaughton, J. Ojala, R. M. Vielreicher, T. C. McCuaig, and P. W. Holyland: Lode-gold deposits of the Yilgarn block: products of Late Archaean crustal-scale overpressured hydrothermal systems / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:155-172, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.10 --- R. J. Herrington: Late Archaean structure and gold mineralization in the Kadoma region of the Midlands greenstone belt, Zimbabwe / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:173-191, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.11 --- David Bridgwater, Flemming Mengel, Brian Fryer, Paul Wagner, and Søren Claudius Hansen: Early Proterozoic mafic dykes in the North Atlantic and Baltic cratons: field setting and chemistry of distinctive dyke swarms / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:193-210, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.12 --- R. G. Park: Palaeoproterozoic Laurentia-Baltica relationships: a view from the Lewisian / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:211-224, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.13 --- Timothy James Wynn: Deformation in the mid to lower continental crust: analogues from Proterozoic shear zones in NW Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:225-241, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.14 --- Mike P. Coward, Richard M. Spencer, and Camille E. Spencer: Development of the Witwatersrand Basin, South Africa / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:243-269, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.15 --- R. H. Graham: Asian analogues for Precambrian tectonics? / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95:271-289, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.095.01.16
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 295 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 1897799365
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 16
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-04-04
    Beschreibung: Focused fluid flow shapes the evolution of marine sedimentary basins by transferring fluids and pressure across geological formations. Vertical fluid conduits may form where localized overpressure breaches a cap rock (permeability barrier) and thereby transports overpressured fluids towards shallower reservoirs or the surface. Field outcrops of an Eocene fluid flow system at Pobiti Kamani and Beloslav Quarry (ca 15 km west of Varna, Bulgaria) reveal large carbonate‐cemented conduits, which formed in highly permeable, unconsolidated, marine sands of the northern Tethys Margin. An uncrewed aerial vehicle with an RGB sensor camera produces ortho‐rectified image mosaics, digital elevation models and point clouds of the two kilometre‐scale outcrop areas. Based on these data, geological field observations and petrological analysis of rock/core samples, fractures and vertical fluid conduits were mapped and analyzed with centimetre accuracy. The results show that both outcrops comprise several hundred carbonate‐cemented fluid conduits (pipes), oriented perpendicular to bedding, and at least seven bedding‐parallel calcite cemented interbeds which differ from the hosting sand formation only by their increased amount of cementation. The observations show that carbonate precipitation likely initiated around areas of focused fluid flow, where methane entered the formation from the underlying fractured subsurface. These first carbonates formed the outer walls of the pipes and continued to grow inward, leading to self‐sustaining and self‐reinforcing focused fluid flow. The results, supported by literature‐based carbon and oxygen isotope analyses of the carbonates, indicate that ambient seawater and advected fresh/brackish water were involved in the carbonate precipitation by microbial methane oxidation. Similar structures may also form in modern settings where focused fluid flow advects fluids into overlying sand‐dominated formations, which has wide implications for the understanding of how focusing of fluids works in sedimentary basins with broad consequences for the migration of water, oil and gas.
    Beschreibung: Integrated School of Ocean Sciences (ISOS) Kiel
    Beschreibung: European Union’s Horizon 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010661
    Beschreibung: Bulgarian Science Fund
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 17
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-04-07
    Beschreibung: The decomposition of thawing permafrost organic matter (OM) to the greenhouse gases (GHG) carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane forms a positive feedback to global climate change. Data on in situ GHG fluxes from thawing permafrost OM are scarce and OM degradability is largely unknown, causing high uncertainties in the permafrost‐carbon climate feedback. We combined in situ CO2 and methane flux measurements at an abrupt permafrost thaw feature with laboratory incubations and dynamic modeling to quantify annual CO2 release from thawing permafrost OM, estimate its in situ degradability and evaluate the explanatory power of incubation experiments. In July 2016 and 2019, CO2 fluxes ranged between 0.24 and 2.6 g CO2‐C m−2 d−1. Methane fluxes were low, which coincided with the absence of active methanogens in the Pleistocene permafrost. CO2 fluxes were lower three years after initial thaw after normalizing these fluxes to thawed carbon, indicating the depletion of labile carbon. Higher CO2 fluxes from thawing Pleistocene permafrost than from Holocene permafrost indicate OM preservation for millennia and give evidence that microbial activity in the permafrost was not substantial. Short‐term incubations overestimated in situ CO2 fluxes but underestimated methane fluxes. Two independent models simulated median annual CO2 fluxes of 160 and 184 g CO2‐C m−2 from the thaw slump, which include 25%–31% CO2 emissions during winter. Annual CO2 fluxes represent 0.8% of the carbon pool thawed in the surface soil. Our results demonstrate the potential of abrupt thaw processes to transform the tundra from carbon neutral into a substantial GHG source.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Thawing of permanently frozen soils (permafrost) in the northern hemisphere forms a threat to global climate since these soils contain large amounts of frozen organic carbon, which might be decomposed to the greenhouse gases (GHGs) carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane upon thaw. How fast these GHGs are produced is largely unknown, since field observations of greenhouse gas fluxes from thawing permafrost are too sparse. Consequently, simulations on the effect of thawing permafrost soils on future climate are highly uncertain. We measured CO2 and methane fluxes from soils affected by abrupt permafrost thaw in Siberia during two summer seasons. We used these field observations and long‐term incubation data to calibrate two models that simulate the CO2 release over a whole year. We found that greenhouse gas fluxes were dominated by CO2 and that the minor importance of methane was due to the absence of methane producing microorganisms in the Pleistocene permafrost. The CO2 release in the first year accounted for 0.8% of thawed permafrost carbon but decomposition rates decreased after the depletion of the rapidly decomposable organic matter. Abrupt permafrost thaw turned the tundra into a substantial source of CO2, of which 25%–31% was released in the non‐growing season.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: Abrupt permafrost thaw turned the tundra into a substantial annual source of CO2 of which 25%–31% were released in the non‐growing season. About 0.8% of thawed permafrost carbon was decomposed to CO2 in one year but decomposition rates declined after the loss of labile carbon. Methane contributed a minor fraction to total greenhouse gas fluxes also because of a low methanogen abundance in Pleistocene permafrost.
    Beschreibung: German Ministry for Education and Research
    Beschreibung: German Research Foundation
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5584710
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 18
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-04-07
    Beschreibung: Hydrogen isotope ratios of sedimentary leaf waxes (δ2HWax values) are increasingly used to reconstruct past hydroclimate. Here, we add δ2HWax values from 19 lakes and four swamps on 15 tropical Pacific islands to an updated global compilation of published data from surface sediments and soils. Globally, there is a strong positive linear correlation between δ2H values of mean annual precipitation (δ2HP values) and the leaf waxes n‐C29‐alkane (R2 = 0.74, n = 665) and n‐C28‐acid (R2 = 0.74, n = 242). Tropical Pacific δ2HWax values fall within the predicted range of values based on the global calibration, and the largest residuals from the global regression line are no greater than those observed elsewhere, despite large uncertainties in δ2HP values at some Pacific sites. However, tropical Pacific δ2HWax values in isolation are not correlated with estimated δ2HP values from isoscapes or from isotope‐enabled general circulation models. Palynological analyses from these same Pacific sediment samples suggest no systematic relationship between any particular type of pollen distribution and deviations from the global calibration line. Rather, the poor correlations observed in the tropical Pacific are likely a function of the small range of δ2HP values relative to the typical residuals around the global calibration line. Our results suggest that δ2HWax values are currently most suitable for use in detecting large changes in precipitation in the tropical Pacific and elsewhere, but that ample room for improving this threshold exits in both improved understanding of δ2H variability in plants, as well as in precipitation.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Past precipitation patterns are difficult to reconstruct, limiting our ability to understand Earth’s climate system. Geochemists reconstruct past precipitation by measuring the amount of heavy hydrogen naturally incorporated into the waxy coating of leaves, which is preserved in mud that accumulates in lakes, soils, and oceans. Heavy hydrogen in leaf waxes is strongly correlated with local precipitation, allowing us to learn about rainfall intensity, temperature, and cloud movement. However, no existing calibration studies include sites from the tropical Pacific, home to the most intense rainfall on the planet and populations that rely on rain for drinking water and farming. We measured heavy hydrogen in leaf waxes from tropical Pacific islands and show that although values are within the global calibration error, no precipitation relationship exists within the region. Plant type distributions do not explain the lack of correlation, which is best attributed to poorly constrained estimates of heavy hydrogen in local rain and the relatively small range of variability within the region. At present, heavy hydrogen from ancient leaf waxes can show large changes in past precipitation, but improved process‐level understanding is needed to use this tool to understand smaller changes in the tropical Pacific and elsewhere.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: Leaf wax 2H/1H ratios are correlated with mean annual precipitation 2H/1H ratios globally, but not in the tropical Pacific. Deviations from the global relationship between precipitation leaf wax 2H/1H ratios cannot be predicted from palynological assemblages. Small range and large uncertainties in estimates of tropical Pacific precipitation 2H/1H ratios likely account for poor correlations.
    Beschreibung: Swiss National Science Foundation
    Beschreibung: National Science Foundation (NSF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
    Beschreibung: Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000270
    Beschreibung: Department of Education and Training, Australian Research Council (ARC) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000923
    Beschreibung: http://10.0.15.89/ethz-b-000412154
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551 ; ddc:577.7
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 19
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-04-05
    Beschreibung: Human alteration of nutrient cycles has caused persistent and widespread degradation of water quality around the globe. In many regions, including Western Europe, elevated nitrate (NO3−) concentration in surface waters contributes to eutrophication and noncompliance with environmental legislation. Discharge, NO3− concentrations and the vulnerability of the aquatic ecosystems to eutrophication often exhibit a distinct seasonality. Understanding spatial patterns and long‐term trends in this seasonality is crucial to improve water quality management. Here, we hypothesized that NO3− concentrations during high‐flow periods would respond faster to changes in nutrient inputs than low‐flow concentrations because of greater connectivity of shallow diffuse NO3− sources with the river network. To test this hypothesis, we compiled long‐term NO3− and discharge time series from 290 Western European catchments. To characterize the long‐term trajectories of seasonal NO3− concentration, we propose a novel hysteresis approach comparing low‐ and high‐flow NO3− concentration in the context of multi‐decadal N input changes. We found synchronous winter maxima of NO3− and discharge in 84% of the study catchments. However, contrary to our hypothesis, there were surprisingly diverse long‐term trajectories of seasonal NO3− concentration. Both clockwise (faster high‐flow NO3− response) and counterclockwise hysteresis (faster low‐flow NO3− response) occurred in similar proportions, potentially due to a high complexity in the underlying processes. Spatial variability of seasonality in NO3− concentration across the catchments was more pronounced and better predictable than its long‐term variability. This work demonstrates the value of seasonal and inter‐annual hydrochemical analysis and provides new tools for water quality monitoring and management.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Nitrogen is an essential element of all living organisms and has thus often been used excessively as fertilizer to secure food production. However, surface waters can suffer from elevated nutrients inputs, causing toxic algal blooms and impairing drinking water quality, especially during summer low flows. To manage water quality, it is crucial to understand these seasonal variations of nitrogen and discharge and the underlying processes. We used data from 290 catchments in France and Germany to characterize average seasonality patterns and their long‐term evolution across the variety of landscapes and human influences. This allowed classifying catchment behavior and linking them to controls. As expected, both nitrogen and discharge peak during winter in most catchments (84%). However, there are well explainable deviations, for example, in mountainous regions. The long‐term evolution of seasonality was more diverse than expected suggesting a complex interplay of various processes with the long input history from fertilization and wastewater being part of the controls. We found that the differences among catchments were greater than the long‐term changes of seasonality within most catchments. By identifying catchment typologies, our study increases the understanding of nitrate seasonality patterns across a large extent and thus supports ecological water quality management.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: Spatial patterns of nitrate and discharge seasonality are linked to topography and hydroclimate with winter maxima dominating for both. After decreasing nutrient inputs, cases with decreases in river nitrate preceding during low‐ and high‐flow seasons occurred equally often. Spatial variability of nitrate seasonality is greater and more predictable from catchment characteristics than its long‐term variability.
    Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Beschreibung: Helmholtz Association http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009318
    Beschreibung: US National Science Foundation (NSF)
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 20
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-30
    Beschreibung: Abstract The number of newly discovered and confirmed impact structures on earth is growing continuously. In this review paper, the main attributes of 198 confirmed impact structures and 10 further structures, for which final confirmation based on the identification of shock features is not yet entirely satisfying, are presented. The impact craters are compared statistically, with regard to their morphology, structure, and status of erosion or burial. The size– and age–frequency distributions of terrestrial impact structures are presented. Additional aspects concern target petrography and shock effects found in the craters. Based on the discovery statistics of presently known crater structures, an estimate can be made of the number of craters that await discovery. The paper is complementary to the recently published atlas of terrestrial impact structures by Gottwald et al. (2020).
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 21
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-30
    Beschreibung: The prevailing view suggests that the Eemian interglacial on the European Plain was characterized by largely negligible geomorphic activity beyond the coastal areas. However, systematic geomorphological studies are sparse. Here we present a detailed reconstruction of Eemian to Early Weichselian landscape evolution in the vicinity of a small fingerlake on the northern margin of the Salzwedel Palaeolake in Lower Saxony (Germany). We apply a combination of seismics, sediment coring, pollen analysis and luminescence dating on a complex sequence of colluvial, paludal and lacustrine sediments. Results suggest two pronounced phases of geomorphic activity, directly before the onset and at the end of the Eemian period, with an intermediate period of pronounced landscape stability. The dynamic phases were largely driven by incomplete vegetation cover, but likely accentuated by fluvial incision in the neighbouring Elbe Valley. Furthermore, we discovered Neanderthal occupation at the lakeshore during Eemian pollen zone (PZ) E IV, which is chronologically in line with other known Eemian sites of central Europe. Our highly‐resolved spatio‐temporal data substantially contribute to the understanding of climate‐induced geomorphic processes throughout and directly after the last interglacial period. It helps unraveling the landscape dynamics between the coastal areas to the north and the loess belt to the south.
    Beschreibung: Two phases of channel incision at the Saalian‐Eemian transition and in the late Eemian. Incisions closely followed by rising water tables. Long‐lasting phase of geomorphic stability in the mid‐Eemian, characterized by: very dense forest cover. the formation of a fingerlake within the paleochannel with gradually sinking water table. no influx of clastic sediments, but deposition of peat and lake‐marl deposits.
    Beschreibung: Max‐Planck‐Gesellschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004189
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:554.3 ; ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 22
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-31
    Beschreibung: Although previous findings support an origin of the Shatsky Rise igneous plateau (Northwest Pacific) through interaction of a mantle plume with a mid‐ocean ridge triple junction, the evidence for the involvement of a mantle plume is equivocal. The identification of an intraplate hotspot track emanating from the plateau could solve this controversy. Here we present major and trace element geochemical data from two different bathymetric features that emanate from the youngest end of Shatsky Rise: Papanin Ridge and the Ojin Rise Seamount province. Combining our results with plate tectonic reconstructions, we conclude that Papanin Ridge represents a hotspot track formed by plume‐ridge interaction. Whereas the southwestern part was formed along the path of the retreating Pacific‐Farallon‐Izanagi triple junction, the northeastern part was built by preferential drainage into its Pacific‐Farallon branch. In contrast, the Ojin Rise Seamounts formed as a true intraplate hotspot track of the Shatsky plume tail. Our wide‐ranging study reveals systematic spatial geochemical variations, consistent with a lithospheric thickness control on magma composition derived from melting a heterogeneous plume source. The recognition of two hotspot tracks and in particular of the Ojin Rise Seamounts as an intraplate hotspot track that is directly linked to Shatsky plateau volcanism both in terms of geochemistry and plate tectonic reconstructions confirms the long‐disputed involvement of a mantle plume for the formation of Shatsky Rise.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: The origin of Shatsky Rise, a large igneous plateau in the NW Pacific, has long been debated. It could have either formed by shallow mantle melting due to its confirmed creation along a mid‐ocean ridge or with additional contribution of deeper mantle material that upwelled as so‐called mantle plume beneath the spreading ridge (“plume‐ridge interaction”). The identification of an intraplate hotspot track emanating from Shatsky Rise and related to the plateau could answer this question. Here we present major and trace element geochemical data from lava samples dredged from two different structures that arise from the youngest end of the Shatsky Rise plateau: Papanin Ridge and the Ojin Rise Seamount province. By combining our results with plate tectonic reconstructions, we conclude that Papanin Ridge formed, like the main Shatsky Rise, by continued plume‐ridge interaction. In contrast, the Ojin Rise Seamounts formed as a true intraplate hotspot track by the drift of the Pacific Plate over the stationary Shatsky hotspot (plume tail). The recognition of an intraplate hotspot track that is directly linked to the Shatsky plateau volcanism both in terms of geochemistry and plate tectonic reconstructions also confirms the involvement of a mantle plume for the formation of Shatsky Rise.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: The Ojin Rise Seamounts are identified as intraplate hotspot track of the same mantle plume that formed the Shatsky Rise oceanic plateau. Papanin Ridge formed by plume‐ridge interaction and represents the northeastern continuation of the Shatsky plateau. Linking an intraplate hotspot track to the Shatsky plateau confirms the involvement of a mantle plume for its formation.
    Beschreibung: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
    Beschreibung: GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.26022/IEDA/111976
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551 ; ddc:552.2
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 23
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-25
    Beschreibung: The Miocene period saw substantially warmer Earth surface temperatures than today, particularly during a period of global warming called the Mid Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO; ∼17–15 Ma). However, the long‐term drivers of Miocene climate remain poorly understood. By using a new continuous climate‐biogeochemical model (SCION), we can investigate the interaction between volcanism, climate and biogeochemical cycles through the Miocene. We identify high tectonic CO2 degassing rates and further emissions associated with the emplacement of the Columbia River Basalt Group as the primary driver of the background warmth and the MMCO respectively. We also find that enhanced weathering of the basaltic terrane and input of explosive volcanic ash to the oceans are not sufficient to drive the immediate cooling following the MMCO and suggest that another mechanism, perhaps the change in ocean chemistry due to massive evaporite deposition, was responsible.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: The Miocene period was much warmer than today, with the Mid Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO, roughly 17–15 million years ago) especially warm. Due to the high surface temperatures, comparisons to projected climatic conditions as a result of anthropogenic climate change have been drawn. However, the drivers of climate during the Miocene are not well understood. By using a new type of climate model, we investigate the impact volcanic eruptions had on the period, and link the extreme warmth of the MMCO with greenhouse gas release from the eruption of the Columbia River Basalts Group (CRBG). We find weathering of the CRBG does not explain the cooling at the end of the MMCO, and so discuss other potential explanations such as evaporite deposition.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: A new climate‐biogeochemical model allows investigation of drivers of climate change in the Miocene. Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG) degassing is sufficient to have caused the Mid Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO). Weathering of CRBG insufficient to drive cooling after the MMCO. This may be linked to evaporite deposition and changes to marine chemistry.
    Beschreibung: UK Natural Environment Research Council
    Beschreibung: French Research Agency (ANR)
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 24
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-28
    Beschreibung: Glacial landforms are abundant in the North Sea basin and are often used to reconstruct the impact and dynamics of ice sheets during the Pleistocene. Geophysical methods have allowed the mapping and structural analysis of glacial landforms at the surface and in the subsurface to estimate the position of former ice margins in the North Sea. However, the glacial history of the southeastern North Sea remains underexplored. In this study, we present a structural analysis of Late Pliocene to Late Pleistocene sediments based on a dense grid of 2D high‐resolution multi‐channel reflection seismic data from the German sector of the southeastern North Sea. We show that the Heligoland Glacitectonic Complex (HGC) is larger than previously assumed (700 km2, 32×22 km) and characterized by three distinct zones of thrusting and deformation on two décollements. The kinematic restoration of seismic cross‐sections and dip measurements of thrust faults demonstrate that the HGC was formed by an ice lobe advancing from the southeast. To explain the origin of the HGC, we provide alternative models for its formation during a single ice advance or two ice advances in the study area. Furthermore, we validate the early or pre‐Elsterian age of the HGC based on nearby Elsterian tunnel valleys, and conclude that salt structures in the subsurface may have influenced its location.
    Beschreibung: Schleswig‐Holstein Agency for Coastal Defence, National Park and Marine Conservation (LKN.SH) and the State Agency for Agriculture, Environment and Rural Areas of Schleswig‐Holstein (LLUR)
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 25
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-29
    Beschreibung: The Late Holocene marks a substantial cultural and economic transition in the eastern Eurasian Steppe and Altai Region with the dispersal of nomadic pastoralism. So far, paleoclimate conditions during this time remain unclear and controversial. Here, we present a high‐resolution 4.2 ka paleoclimate record from Lake Khar Nuur in the Mongolian Altai that is based on lake sediment proxies and biomarker compound‐specific δ2H analyses. Our results document increased aridity before ∼3.7 cal. ka BP, followed by two pronounced phases of warm and wet conditions from ∼3.5–2.8 to ∼2.3–1.5 cal. ka BP, and a strong increase in aridity since ∼1.5 cal. ka BP. Phases of warmer and wetter conditions coincide with a negative North Atlantic Oscillation, which has been responsible for advecting moisture into the region by more southerly‐displaced Westerlies and possibly favored the expansion of mobile nomadic pastoralism in the region.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Nomadic pastoralism is the dominant subsistence practice in the eastern Eurasian Steppe and Altai Region since the Late Bronze Age. Whether this had climatic reasons is one of the most intriguing question, because former climatic conditions are poorly understood in this important but understudied region. To address this issue, we established a hydrological record for the last ∼4.2 ka from a high‐altitude lake in the Mongolian Altai. Our findings provide evidence of exceptionally warm and wet conditions from ∼3.5–2.8 and ∼2.3–1.5 cal. ka BP. Those favorable climate conditions likely favored productive grasslands and the widespread dispersal of nomadic pastoralism in the eastern Eurasian Steppe and Altai Region.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: A high‐resolution 4.2 ka paleoclimate record from Lake Khar Nuur in the Mongolian Altai, based on biomarker compound‐specific δ2H analyses. Our hydrological proxies record distinct changes in warm/wet and cold/dry conditions during the Late Holocene in the Altai Region: Pronounced warm/wet conditions from ∼3.5 to 2.8 cal. ka BP probably favored the widespread dispersal of nomadic pastoralism in the region.
    Beschreibung: Ernst Abbe Stiftung
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.936512
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 26
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-03-29
    Beschreibung: Although submarine landslides have been studied for decades, a persistent challenge is the integration of diverse geoscientific datasets to characterize failure processes. We present a core‐log‐seismic integration study of the Tuaheni Landslide Complex to investigate intact sediments beneath the undeformed seafloor as well as post‐failure landslide deposits. Beneath the undeformed seafloor are coherent reflections underlain by a weakly‐reflective and chaotic seismic unit. This chaotic unit is characterized by variable shear strength that correlates with density fluctuations. The basal shear zone of the Tuaheni landslide likely exploited one (or more) of the low shear strength intervals. Within the landslide deposits is a widespread “Intra‐debris Reflector”, previously interpreted as the landslide's basal shear zone. This reflector is a subtle impedance drop around the boundary between upper and lower landslide units. However, there is no pronounced shear strength change across this horizon. Rather, there is a pronounced reduction in shear strength ∼10–15 m above the Intra‐debris Reflector that presumably represents an induced weak layer that developed during failure. Free gas accumulates beneath some regions of the landslide and is widespread deeper in the sedimentary sequence, suggesting that free gas may have played a role in pre‐conditioning the slope to failure. Additional pre‐conditioning or failure triggers could have been seismic shaking and associated transient fluid pressure. Our study underscores the importance of detailed core‐log‐seismic integration approaches for investigating basal shear zone development in submarine landslides.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Submarine landslides move enormous amounts of sediment across the seafloor and have the potential to generate damaging tsunamis. To understand how submarine landslides develop, we need to be able to image and sample beneath the seafloor in regions where landslides have occurred. To image beneath the seafloor we generate sound waves in the ocean and record reflections from those waves, enabling us to produce “seismic images” of sediment layers and structures beneath the seafloor. We then use scientific drilling to sample the sediment layers and measure physical properties. In this study, we combine seismic images and drilling results to investigate a submarine landslide east of New Zealand's North Island. Drilling next to the landslide revealed a ∼25 m‐thick layer of sediment (from ∼75–95 m below the seafloor) that has strong variations in sediment strength and density. We infer that intervals of relatively low strength within this layer developed into the main sliding surface of the landslide. Additionally, results from within the landslide suggest that the process of landslide emplacement has induced a zone of weak sediments closer to the seafloor. Our study demonstrates how combining seismic images and drilling data helps to understand submarine landslide processes.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: We integrate scientific drilling data with seismic reflection data to investigate the submarine Tuaheni Landslide Complex. Basal shear zone of the landslide likely exploited a relatively low shear strength interval within an older (buried) mass transport deposit. Landslide emplacement seems to have induced an additional weak zone that is shallower than the interpreted base of the landslide deposit.
    Beschreibung: Marsden Fund (Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden Fund) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009193
    Beschreibung: European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling
    Beschreibung: International Ocean Drilling Program, Science Support Program
    Beschreibung: New Zealand Ministry for Business Innovation and Employment
    Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Beschreibung: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.928073
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:622.15 ; ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 27
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-06-26
    Beschreibung: Physical weathering in cold, steep bedrock hillslopes occurs at rates that are thought to depend on temperature, but our ability to quantify the temperature‐dependence of erosion remains limited when integrating over geomorphic timescales. Here, we present results from a 1D numerical model of in‐situ cosmogenic 10Be, 14C, and 3He concentrations that evolve as a function of erosion rate, erosion style, and ground surface temperature. We used the model to explore the suitability of these nuclides for quantifying erosion rates in areas undergoing non‐steady state erosion, as well as the relationship between bedrock temperature, erosion rate, and erosional stochasticity. Our results suggest that even in stochastically eroding settings, 10Be‐derived erosion rates of amalgamated samples can be used to estimate long‐term erosion rates, but infrequent large events can lead to bias. The ratio of 14C to 10Be can be used to evaluate erosional stochasticity, and to determine the offset between an apparent 10Be‐derived erosion rate and the long‐term rate. Finally, the concentration of 3He relative to that of 10Be, and the paleothermometric interpretations derived from it, are unaffected by erosional stochasticity. These findings, discussed in the context of bedrock hillslopes in mountainous regions, indicate that the 10Be‐14C‐3He system in quartz offers a method to evaluate the temperature‐sensitivity of bedrock erosion rates in cold, high‐alpine environments.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: All mountains erode, but not all mountains erode in the same way and at the same rate. In cold mountainous landscapes, temperature is thought to be an important control on erosion. Previous research suggests that rocks fracture by frost most effectively at temperatures between −3°C and −8°C, and that the warming and thawing of permanently frozen ground (permafrost) destabilizes hillslopes and leads to more and larger rockfalls. However, our ability to test these hypotheses is limited, due to difficulties in measuring or estimating erosion rates and linking them with the temperatures that rocks experience. In this paper we present the results of a computer modeling study that tests the suitability of geochemical tools as measures of erosion rate, erosion style, and long‐term bedrock temperature. We find that these geochemical tracers, called cosmogenic nuclides, can be used to determine erosion rates, even in places that are prone to rare rockfalls, together with the long‐term bedrock temperature. They are therefore uniquely suitable for evaluating the link between temperatures and erosion rates in cold bedrock hillslopes over long timescales.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: Cosmogenic 10Be, 14C, and 3He is used to determine erosion rates, erosion styles, and bedrock temperatures in cold regions. 14C/10Be ratios of surface samples reflect the depth at which material was previously eroded, allowing for determination of erosion style. 14C/10Be ratios combined with 10Be‐derived erosion rates improve erosion rate estimates in stochastically eroding environments.
    Beschreibung: European Research Council Horizon 2020
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.3.3.2022.001
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 28
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-06-24
    Beschreibung: We investigate the chemical budget of subduction zones at sub‐solidus conditions using a thermodynamic‐numerical simulation in which all major rock components are treated as soluble and potentially mobile in aqueous fluids. This new strategy significantly improves the accuracy of predicted fluid‐rock equilibrium compositions in open petrological systems. We show that all slabs release volatiles and nonvolatiles to the mantle wedge, contributing to its refertilization. But some mobile constituents, such as alkali and alumina, may be trapped along layer boundaries or traverse without interaction depending on chemical contrasts between adjacent lithologies. The accumulation of igneous alumina and silica in the limestones of the central‐eastern Pacific slabs drives their decarbonation and is marked by metasomatic garnet growth. Those slabs are also predicted to lose much of their alkalis before sub‐arc depth. Even when they are produced in the altered mafic and ultramafic layers, fluids reach the slab/mantle wedge interface with distinct compositional signatures that are typical of the sedimentary cover. We distinguished supply and transport limited regimes of element subduction by testing the sensitivity of our mass balance to changes in slab hydration state (HS). Transport limited slabs sensitive to HS include notably a hotspot of carbon release to the mantle wedge (e.g., Costa Rica). Finally, we show that the quantitative budgets do depend on the geometry of fluid flows, and on assuming that slabs are mechanically continuous structures, which is questionable. Taken together, these insights will help better constrain the long‐term chemical evolution of the shallow planetary interior, and the thermomechanical behavior of the subduction interface.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Subduction zones return chemical elements from the surface to the deep Earth. But quantifying this transfer has been challenging. Here, we present a model where all major elements are partly mobile in the fluid phase, enabling us to compile a chemical budget for subduction zones in which only fluids mediate mass transport. We identify transport and supply regimes of element subduction as a function of lithospheric hydration state, rock compositions, and slab temperature. We show that the transport of many rock‐forming elements such as SiO2, CaO, and Al2O3, within and out of the slab, modifies rock composition and contributes to the efficiency of slab decarbonation. Our model of subduction fluid and rock compositions has important implications to understand the role of slab‐derived metasomatic fluid in modifying the composition of the mantle wedge over time, the mechanical properties of deeply subducted rocks, and it will inform future investigations for the high‐pressure petrology of rocky planets in general.
    Beschreibung: Key Points. Inter dependence of element transfers in subduction zones. Thermodynamics of intra‐slab metasomatism of major elements. Transport‐ and supply limited regimes of carbonate subduction.
    Beschreibung: Alexander von Humboldt‐Stiftung (Humboldt‐Stiftung) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100005156
    Beschreibung: Branco Weiss Fellowship—Society in Science
    Beschreibung: Swiss National Science Foundation
    Beschreibung: https://osf.io/y84d2/
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 29
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-06-22
    Beschreibung: Oceanic transform faults (OTFs) are an inherent part of seafloor spreading and plate tectonics, whereas the process controlling their morphology remains enigmatic. Here, we systematically quantify variations in transform morphology and their dependence on spreading rate and age‐offset, based on a compilation of shipborne bathymetric data from 94 OTFs at ultraslow‐ to intermediate‐spreading ridges. In general, the length, width and depth of OTFs scale systematically better with age‐offset rather than spreading rate. This observation supports recent geodynamic models proposing that cross‐transform extension scaling with age‐offset, is a key process of transform dynamics. On the global scale, OTFs with larger age‐offsets tend to have longer, wider, and deeper valleys. However, at small age‐offsets (〈5 Myr), scatters in the depth and width of OTFs increase, indicating that small age‐offset OTFs with weak lithospheric strength are easily affected by secondary tectonic processes.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: In the past 5 decades, studies on oceanic transform faults (OTFs) have revealed significant complexity in their morphology, which calls for detailed quantitative analysis to study the processes controlling the morphology of OTFs. Using the most complete and advanced compilation of bathymetric data from ultraslow‐ to intermediate‐spreading ridges, we parameterized the morphological characteristics of OTFs and extracted length, width and depth for each transform fault from the compiled bathymetric data. Moreover, correlations between these morphological parameters and related tectonic factors (e.g., spreading rate, age‐offset) were investigated in this study. We find that correlations between morphological features and spreading rate are rather weak. Comparison of correlations suggests that age‐offset scales better with the morphological parameters, along with scatters mostly at small age‐offsets, indicating small‐age‐offset OTFs are unstable due to their weak lithospheric strength. Our observation evidences extensional tectonics at OTFs.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: We compiled multibeam bathymetric data of 94 oceanic transform faults (OTFs) to quantify their morphological characteristics. Morphology of OTFs is dominated by age‐offset rather than spreading rate. Transform valleys get systematically deeper and wider with increasing age‐offset, implying extensional tectonics at OTFs.
    Beschreibung: China Scholarship Council
    Beschreibung: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4774185
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 30
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-09-29
    Beschreibung: Megathrust earthquakes impose changes of differential stress and pore pressure in the lithosphere‐asthenosphere system that are transiently relaxed during the postseismic period primarily due to afterslip, viscoelastic and poroelastic processes. Especially during the early postseismic phase, however, the relative contribution of these processes to the observed surface deformation is unclear. To investigate this, we use geodetic data collected in the first 48 days following the 2010 Maule earthquake and a poro‐viscoelastic forward model combined with an afterslip inversion. This model approach fits the geodetic data 14% better than a pure elastic model. Particularly near the region of maximum coseismic slip, the predicted surface poroelastic uplift pattern explains well the observations. If poroelasticity is neglected, the spatial afterslip distribution is locally altered by up to ±40%. Moreover, we find that shallow crustal aftershocks mostly occur in regions of increased postseismic pore‐pressure changes, indicating that both processes might be mechanically coupled.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Large earthquakes modify the state of stress and pore pressure in the upper crust and mantle. These changes induce stress relaxation processes and pore pressure diffusion in the postseismic phase. The two main stress relaxation processes are postseismic slip along the rupture plane of the earthquake and viscoelastic deformation in the rock volume. These processes decay with time, but can sustain over several years or decades, respectively. The other process that results in volumetric crustal deformation is poroelasticity due to pore pressure diffusion, which has not been investigated in detail. Using postseismic surface displacement data acquired by radar satellites after the 2010 Maule earthquake, we show that poroelastic deformation may considerably affect the vertical component of the observed geodetic signal during the first months. Poroelastic deformation also has an impact on the estimation of the postseismic slip, which in turn affects the energy stored at the fault plane that is available for the next event. In addition, shallow aftershocks within the continental crust show a good, positive spatial correlation with regions of increased postseismic pore‐pressure changes, suggesting they are linked. These findings are thus important to assess the potential seismic hazard of the segment.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: A poro‐viscoelastic deformation model improves the geodetic data misfit by 14% compared to an elastic model that only accounts for afterslip. Poroelastic deformation mainly produces surface uplift and landward displacement patterns on the coastal forearc region. Neglecting poroelastic effects may locally alter the afterslip amplitude by up to ±40% near the region of maximum coseismic slip.
    Beschreibung: Helmholtz Association (亥姆霍兹联合会致力) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009318
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 31
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-10-04
    Beschreibung: Climate change affects the stability and erosion of high‐alpine rock walls above glaciers (headwalls) that deliver debris to glacier surfaces. Since supraglacial debris in the ablation zone alters the melt behaviour of the underlying ice, the responses of debris‐covered glaciers and of headwalls to climate change may be coupled. In this study, we analyse the beryllium‐10 (10Be)‐cosmogenic nuclide concentration history of glacial headwalls delivering debris to the Glacier d'Otemma in Switzerland. By systematic downglacier‐profile‐sampling of two parallel medial moraines, we assess changes in headwall erosion through time for small, well‐defined debris source areas. We compute apparent headwall erosion rates from 10Be concentrations ([10Be]), measured in 15 amalgamated medial moraine debris samples. To estimate both the additional 10Be production during glacial debris transport and the age of our samples we combine our field‐based data with a simple model that simulates downglacier debris trajectories. Furthermore, we evaluate additional grain size fractions for eight samples to test for stochastic mass wasting effects on [10Be]. Our results indicate that [10Be] along the medial moraines vary systematically with time and consistently for different grain sizes. [10Be] are higher for older debris, closer to the glacier terminus, and lower for younger debris, closer to the glacier head. Computed apparent headwall erosion rates vary between ~0.6 and 10.8 mm yr−1, increasing over a maximum time span of ~200 years towards the present. As ice cover retreats, newly exposed headwall surfaces may become susceptible to enhanced weathering and erosion, expand to lower elevations, and contribute formerly shielded bedrock of likely different [10Be]. Hence, we suggest that recently lower [10Be] reflect the deglaciation of the debris source areas since the end of the Little Ice Age.
    Beschreibung: In glacial landscapes, systematic downglacier‐sampling of medial moraine debris holds the potential to assess changes in headwall erosion through time. Cosmogenic beryllium‐10 (10Be) concentrations within the medial moraines of Glacier d'Otemma, Switzerland, broadly increase downglacier and translate into increasing headwall erosion rates towards the present. These trends may reflect processes associated with the exposure of new bedrock surfaces across recently deglaciating source headwalls.
    Beschreibung: European Research Council (ERC) H2020‐EU.1.1.
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.3.3.2021.007
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 32
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-10-04
    Beschreibung: Greenhouse gas fluxes (CO2, CH4, and N2O) from African streams and rivers are under‐represented in global datasets, resulting in uncertainties in their contributions to regional and global budgets. We conducted year‐long sampling of 59 sites in a nested‐catchment design in the Mara River, Kenya in which fluxes were quantified and their underlying controls assessed. We estimated annual basin‐scale greenhouse gas emissions from measured in‐stream gas concentrations, modeled gas transfer velocities, and determined the sensitivity of up‐scaling to discharge. Based on the total annual CO2‐equivalent emissions calculated from global warming potentials (GWP), the Mara basin was a net greenhouse gas source (294 ± 35 Gg CO2 eq yr−1). Lower‐order streams (1–3) contributed 81% of the total fluxes, and higher stream orders (4–8) contributed 19%. Cropland‐draining streams also exhibited higher fluxes compared to forested streams. Seasonality in stream discharge affected stream widths (and stream area) and gas exchange rates, strongly influencing the basin‐wide annual flux, which was 10 times higher during the high and medium discharge periods than the low discharge period. The basin‐wide estimate was underestimated by up to 36% if discharge was ignored, and up to 37% for lower stream orders. Future research should therefore include seasonality in stream surface areas in upscaling procedures to better constrain basin‐wide fluxes. Given that agricultural activities are a major factor increasing riverine greenhouse gas fluxes in the study region, increased conversion of forests and agricultural intensification has the possibility of increasing the contribution of the African continent to global greenhouse gas sources.
    Beschreibung: Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001655
    Beschreibung: IHE Delft Institute for Water Education
    Beschreibung: Federal Ministry of Education and Research http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
    Beschreibung: Helmholtz Association http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009318
    Beschreibung: TERENO Bavarian Alps/ Pre‐Alps Observatory
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 33
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-10-04
    Beschreibung: Changes to the carbon content of the deep ocean, the largest reservoir in the surficial carbon cycle, are capable of altering atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and thereby Earth's climate. While the role of the deep ocean's carbon inventory in the last ice age has been thoroughly investigated, comparatively little is known about whether the deep ocean contributed to the change in the pacing and intensity of ice ages around 1 million years ago during the Mid‐Pleistocene Transition (MPT). Qin et al. (2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL097121) provide new reconstructions of deep ocean carbonate ion saturation, a proxy for carbon content, from the deep Pacific Ocean across the MPT. Intriguingly, their results show that a reduction in deep Pacific carbonate ion saturation across the MPT occurred at different intervals from carbonate ion saturation decline in the deep Atlantic Ocean. These results suggest a more nuanced contribution of whole‐ocean carbon sequestration to the climate changes reconstructed across the MPT.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Earth's periodic ice ages became longer and more intense around 1 million years ago. While the underlying reasons for this climate change remain debated, it is widely understood that the deep ocean may have played an important role by storing the potent greenhouse gas carbon dioxide away from the atmosphere. New research by Qin et al. (2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gl097121) shows that the deep Pacific Ocean did indeed accumulate additional carbon around the time of this million‐year old climate transition. However, the new results also show that Pacific Ocean accumulated carbon over different intervals than the Atlantic Ocean, deepening the mystery around how and why this carbon uptake occurred.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: The deep Atlantic and Pacific Oceans accumulated carbon at different intervals during the mid‐Pleistocene transition.
    Beschreibung: National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL097121
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 34
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-10-04
    Beschreibung: Lithium has limited biological activity and can readily replace aluminium, magnesium and iron ions in aluminosilicates, making it a proxy for the inorganic silicate cycle and its potential link to the carbon cycle. Data from the North Pacific Ocean, tropical Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean and Red Sea suggest that salinity normalized dissolved lithium concentrations vary by up to 2%–3% in the Indo‐Pacific Ocean. The highest lithium concentrations were measured in surface waters of remote North Pacific and Indian Ocean stations that receive relatively high fluxes of dust. The lowest dissolved lithium concentrations were measured just below the surface mixed layer of the stations with highest surface water concentrations, consistent with removal into freshly forming aluminium rich phases and manganese oxides. In the North Pacific, water from depths 〉2,000 m is slightly depleted in lithium compared to the initial composition of Antarctic Bottom Water, likely due to uptake of lithium by authigenically forming aluminosilicates. The results of this study suggest that the residence time of lithium in the ocean may be significantly shorter than calculated from riverine and hydrothermal fluxes.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: Li/Na ratios vary by up to 2%–3% in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Authigenic formation of aluminosilicates slightly deplete deep‐water lithium concentrations in the North Pacific. The residence time of lithium in the ocean is 240,000 ± 70,000 years, based on removal from North Pacific deep‐water.
    Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Beschreibung: MoES, Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004814
    Beschreibung: National Science Foundation USA
    Beschreibung: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.941888
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 35
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-06-17
    Beschreibung: Volcanic crises are often associated with magmatic intrusions or the pressurization of magma chambers of various shapes. These volumetric sources deform the country rocks, changing their density, and cause surface uplift. Both the net mass of intruding magmatic fluids and these deformation effects contribute to surface gravity changes. Thus, to estimate the intrusion mass from gravity changes, the deformation effects must be accounted for. We develop analytical solutions and computer codes for the gravity changes caused by triaxial sources of expansion. This establishes coupled solutions for joint inversions of deformation and gravity changes. Such inversions can constrain both the intrusion mass and the deformation source parameters more accurately.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Volcanic crises are usually associated with magmatic fluids that intrude and deform the host rocks before potentially breaching the Earth's surface. It is important to estimate how much fluid (mass and volume) is on the move. Volume can be determined from the measured surface uplift. Mass can be determined from surface gravity changes. The fluid intrusion increases the mass below the volcano, thereby increasing the gravity and pressurizing the rocks. This dilates parts of the host rock and compresses other parts, changing the rock density and redistributing the rock mass. This causes secondary gravity changes, called deformation‐induced gravity changes. The measured gravity change is always the sum of the mass and deformation‐induced contributions. Here, we develop mathematical equations for the rapid estimation of these deformation‐induced gravity changes caused by arbitrary intrusion shapes. This way we can take the mass contribution apart from the deformation contribution. We show that by using this solution not only the intrusion mass, but also other intrusion parameters, including the volume, depth, and shape can be calculated more accurately.
    Beschreibung: Key Points; We develop analytical solutions for gravity changes due to the point Compound Dislocation Model simulating triaxial expansions. Rapid coupled inversions of deformation and gravity changes, accounting for deformation‐induced gravity changes are now possible. For shallow sources, estimation errors in the chamber volume change may lead to large biases in the simulated gravity changes.
    Beschreibung: EU Horizon 2020 programme NEWTON‐g project, under the FETOPEN‐ Grant Agreement No.
    Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Beschreibung: https://volcanodeformation.com/onewebmedia/pCDMgravity.zip
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 36
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-06-17
    Beschreibung: We examine the historical evolution and projected changes in the hydrography of the deep basin of the Arctic Ocean in 23 climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). The comparison between historical simulations and observational climatology shows that the simulated Atlantic Water (AW) layer is too deep and thick in the majority of models, including the multi‐model mean (MMM). Moreover, the halocline is too fresh in the MMM. Overall our findings indicate that there is no obvious improvement in the representation of the Arctic hydrography in CMIP6 compared to CMIP5. The climate change projections reveal that the sub‐Arctic seas are outstanding warming hotspots, causing a strong warming trend in the Arctic AW layer. The MMM temperature increase averaged over the upper 700 m at the end of the 21st century is about 40% and 60% higher in the Arctic Ocean than the global mean in the SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios, respectively. Salinity in the upper few hundred meters is projected to decrease in the Arctic deep basin in the MMM. However, the spread in projected salinity changes is large and the tendency toward stronger halocline in the MMM is not simulated by all the models. The identified biases and projection uncertainties call for a concerted effort for major improvements of coupled climate models.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Coupled climate models are crucial tools for understanding and projecting climate change, especially for the Arctic where the climate is changing at unprecedented rates. A cold fresh layer of water (aka halocline) has been protecting sea‐ice at the surface from the warm layer of water (aka Atlantic Water layer) which flows underneath and could potentially accelerate sea ice melting from below. Climate change disturbs this vertical structure by changing the temperature and salinity of the Arctic Ocean (in a process known as Atlantification and Pacification) which may lead to additional sea ice basal melting and accelerate sea ice decline. We examined the simulated temperature and salinity in the Arctic Ocean deep basin in state‐of‐the‐art climate model simulations which provided the basis for the IPCC Assessment Report. We found that although there are persistent inaccuracies in the representation of Arctic temperature and salinity, the Arctic Ocean below 100 m is subject to much stronger warming than the average global ocean. On the other hand, the upper Arctic Ocean salinity is projected to decrease, which on average may strengthen the isolation of sea ice from Atlantic Water heat in the Arctic deep basin area.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: A too deep and thick Arctic Atlantic Water layer continues to be a major issue in contemporary climate models contributing to the CMIP6. The Arctic Ocean below the halocline is subject to much stronger warming than the global mean during the 21st century. The multi‐model mean upper ocean salinity is projected to decrease in the future but with high uncertainty.
    Beschreibung: European union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
    Beschreibung: German Helmholtz climate initiative REKLIM
    Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Beschreibung: https://esgf-data.dkrz.de/projects/esgf-dkrz/
    Beschreibung: http://psc.apl.washington.edu/nonwp_projects/PHC/Data3.html
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 37
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-12-06
    Beschreibung: Molecular‐biological data and omics tools have increasingly been used to characterize microorganisms responsible for the turnover of reactive compounds in the environment, such as reactive‐nitrogen species in groundwater. While transcripts of functional genes and enzymes are used as measures of microbial activity, it is not yet clear how they are quantitatively related to actual turnover rates under variable environmental conditions. As an example application, we consider the interface between rivers and groundwater which has been identified as a key driver for the turnover of reactive‐nitrogen compounds, that cause eutrophication of rivers and endanger drinking water production from groundwater. In the absence of measured data, we developed a reactive‐transport model for denitrification that simultaneously predicts the distributions of functional‐gene transcripts, enzymes, and reaction rates. Applying the model, we evaluate the response of transcripts and enzymes at the river‐groundwater interface to stable and dynamic hydrogeochemical regimes. While functional‐gene transcripts respond to short‐term (diurnal) fluctuations of substrate availability and oxygen concentrations, enzyme concentrations are stable over such time scales. The presence of functional‐gene transcripts and enzymes globally coincides with the zones of active denitrification. However, transcript and enzyme concentrations do not directly translate into denitrification rates in a quantitative way because of nonlinear effects and hysteresis caused by variable substrate availability and oxygen inhibition. Based on our simulations, we suggest that molecular‐biological data should be combined with aqueous geochemical data, which can typically be obtained at higher spatial and temporal resolution, to parameterize and calibrate reactive‐transport models.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Molecular‐biological tools can detect how many enzymes, functional genes, and gene transcripts (i.e., precursors of enzyme production) associated with a microbial reaction exist in a sample from the environment. Although these measurements contain valuable information about the number of bacteria and how active they are, they do not directly say how quickly a contaminant like nitrate disappears. Nitrate, from agriculture and other sources, threatens groundwater quality and drinking water production. In the process of denitrification, bacteria can remove nitrate by converting it into harmless nitrogen gas using specialized enzymes. The interface between rivers and groundwater is known as a place where denitrification takes place. In this study, we use a computational model to simulate the coupled dynamics of denitrification, bacteria, transcripts, and enzymes when nitrate‐rich groundwater interacts with a nearby river. The simulations yield complex and nonunique relationships between the denitrification rates and the molecular‐biological variables. While functional‐gene transcripts respond to daily fluctuations of environmental conditions, enzyme concentrations and genes are stable over such time scales. High levels of functional‐gene transcripts therefore provide a good qualitative indicator of reactive zones. Quantitative predictions of nitrate turnover, however, will require high‐resolution measurements of the reacting compounds, genes, and transcripts.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: We simulate the distributions of functional‐gene transcripts and enzymes related to denitrification at the river‐groundwater interface. Functional‐gene transcripts respond quickly to diurnal fluctuations of substrate and oxygen concentrations. Substrate limitation and oxygen inhibition impede the direct prediction of denitrification rates from transcript or enzyme concentrations.
    Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6584591
    Beschreibung: https://gitlab.com/astoeriko/nitrogene
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6584641
    Beschreibung: https://gitlab.com/astoeriko/adrpy
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5213947
    Beschreibung: https://github.com/aseyboldt/sunode
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551 ; reactive‐transport modeling ; denitrification ; groundwater‐river interface ; functional genes ; transcripts ; molecular biology
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 38
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-12-05
    Beschreibung: To explore the dynamic mechanism of continental rifting within a convergent setting, we determine the first P wave radial anisotropic tomography beneath the Woodlark rift in southeastern Papua New Guinea, which develops within the obliquely colliding zone between the Australian and southwest Pacific plates. The rift zone is depicted as localized low‐velocity anomalies with positive radial anisotropy, which rules out a dominant role of active mantle upwelling in promoting the rift development and favors passive rifting with decompression melting as main processes. Downwelling slab relics in the upper mantle bounding the rift zone are revealed based on observed high‐velocity anomalies and negative radial anisotropy, which may contribute to the ultra‐high pressure rock exhumations and rift initiation. Our observations thus indicate that the Woodlark rift follows a passive model and is mainly driven by slab pull from the northward subduction of the Solomon plate.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: The Woodlark rift in Papua New Guinea develops within the shear zone between the Australian and southwest Pacific plates and is one of the youngest and most rapidly extending continental rifts in the world. In this work, we analyze teleseismic P wave arrivals to study both 3‐D velocity and radial anisotropy structures of the upper mantle, offering new evidence to understand rift initiation under a generally convergent setting. Slab remnants in the upper mantle bordering the rift zone are detected and sinking into the deeper mantle. Downwelling of these slab segments may induce small scale return flows in the mantle and contribute to exhumation of the ultra‐high pressure rocks and rift development. Significant low‐velocity anomalies are revealed beneath the rift zone and have consistently positive radial anisotropy, which indicates a dominant strain in the horizontal plane and supports a passive rifting model, where mantle material is brought to shallower depths simply as a result of the extension of the lithosphere and melt is produced due to the lowered melting point at reduced pressure (decompression melting). Tensional stresses transferred from slab pull of the northward Solomon subduction are probably driving the rifting.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: P wave radial anisotropic structure beneath the young and highly extended Woodlark rift is constrained from teleseismic tomography. Downwelling of slab relics bordering the rift zone may contribute to ultra‐high pressure rock exhumation and rift development. Slab‐pull drives rift initiation and induces decompression melting in the upper mantle under the rift zone by horizontal stress transfer.
    Beschreibung: National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809
    Beschreibung: National Science Foundation (NSF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
    Beschreibung: MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691
    Beschreibung: Alexander von Humboldt‐Stiftung (Humboldt‐Stiftung) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100005156
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/XD_1999
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.7914/SN/ZN_2010
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551 ; Woodlark rift ; radial anisotropy ; decompression melting ; slab‐pull ; slab downwelling ; ultra‐high pressure rock
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 39
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-12-05
    Beschreibung: Data from profiling floats in the Black Sea revealed complex temporal and spatial relationships between physical variables and oxygen, chlorophyll and the backscattering coefficient at 700 nm, as well as some limits in understanding the details of biogeochemistry dynamics. To account for different interdependences between physical and biogeochemical properties, a feedforward backpropagation neural network (NN) was used. This NN learns from data recorded by profiling floats and predicts biogeochemical states using physical measurements only. The performance was very high, particularly for oxygen, but it decreased when the NN was applied to older data because the interrelationships between the physical and biogeochemical properties have changed recently. The biogeochemical states reconstructed by the NN using physical data produced by a coupled physical–biogeochemical operational model were better than the biogeochemical outputs of the same coupled model. Therefore, the use of data from profiling floats, physical properties from numerical models and NNs appears to be a powerful approach for reconstructing the 4D dynamics of the euphotic zone. Basin‐wide patterns and temporal variabilities in oxygen, backscattering coefficient and chlorophyll were also analyzed. Of particular interest is the reconstruction of short‐lived biogeochemical features, particularly in coastal anticyclone areas, which are difficult to observe with available floats at the basin scale.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: This study addresses the biogeochemical dynamics of the euphotic layer in the Black Sea. Observations are provided from profiling floats, and the observed biogeochemical parameters include oxygen, the backscattering coefficient at 700 nm and chlorophyll‐a. Data analysis showed complex temporal and spatial relationships between physical and biogeochemical variables and some limits in understanding the details of biogeochemical dynamics. A feedforward backpropagation neural network was developed, which can be considered an input–output mapping in which the neurons combine the input data in such a way that the output can be considered a nonlinear combination of input data. When applied to older data, the reconstruction performance decreases, suggesting a change in the dependency of biogeochemical characteristics on physical drivers caused by known climate change. A comparison with simulations from a coupled operational biogeochemical model shows that the neural network outperforms the numerical model. The newly proposed method, combining data from profiling floats, physical properties from numerical models and a backpropagation neural network, allows us to reconstruct the 4D dynamics of the euphotic layer over the period 2013–2020.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: Machine learning helps identify fundamental biogeochemical mechanisms in the Black Sea. A feedforward backpropagation neural network performs better than a coupled physical‐biogeochemical model. Data from profiling floats, physical data from numerical models and machine learning enabled the analysis of 4D biogeochemical dynamics.
    Beschreibung: MASRI
    Beschreibung: National Roadmap for Scientific Infrastructure
    Beschreibung: European Horizon 2020 project DOORS
    Beschreibung: https://resources.marine.copernicus.eu/product-detail/BLKSEA_MULTIYEAR_PHY_007_004/INFORMATION
    Beschreibung: https://resources.marine.copernicus.eu/product-detail/BLKSEA_REANALYSIS_BIO_007_005/INFORMATION
    Beschreibung: http://www.coriolis.eu.org/Data-Products/Data-selection
    Beschreibung: https://zenodo.org/record/6860705
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551 ; biogeochemistry ; neural networks ; profiling floats ; euphotic zone
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 40
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-12-07
    Beschreibung: Future precipitation levels remain uncertain because climate models have struggled to reproduce observed variations in temperature‐precipitation correlations. Our analyses of Holocene proxy‐based temperature‐precipitation correlations and hydrological sensitivities from 2,237 Northern Hemisphere extratropical pollen records reveal a significant latitudinal dependence and temporal variations among the early, middle, and late Holocene. These proxy‐based variations are largely consistent with patterns obtained from transient climate simulations (TraCE21k). While high latitudes and subtropical monsoon areas show mainly stable positive correlations throughout the Holocene, the mid‐latitude pattern is temporally and spatially more variable. In particular, we identified a reversal from positive to negative temperature‐precipitation correlations in the eastern North American and European mid‐latitudes from the early to mid‐Holocene that mainly related to slowed down westerlies and a switch to moisture‐limited convection under a warm climate. Our palaeoevidence of past temperature‐precipitation correlation shifts identifies those regions where simulating past and future precipitation levels might be particularly challenging.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Predicting future precipitation levels reliably is more challenging than predicting temperature change. Accordingly, we need to understand the relationship between temperature and precipitation and its changes in space and time. We used climate proxy‐data derived from 2,237 pollen records from lake sediments and peats from the Northern Hemisphere extratropics for the early, middle, and late Holocene (i.e., 12,000–8,000, 8,000–4,000, 4,000–0 years before present, respectively). Our results reveal a significant latitudinal dependence and temporal variation of the temperature‐precipitation relationship. These proxy‐based variations are largely consistent with patterns obtained from simulations using climate models. While high latitudes and subtropical monsoon areas show mainly stable positive correlations throughout the Holocene (i.e., warm conditions co‐occur with wet conditions), the mid‐latitude pattern is temporally and spatially more variable. In particular, we identified a reversal to negative temperature‐precipitation correlations in the eastern North American and European mid‐latitudes from the early to middle Holocene. We hypothesize that weak westerly circulation, warm climate, and climate‐soil feedbacks limited evaporation and as such reduced convection during the middle Holocene which led to a negative relationship between temperature and precipitation. Our analysis of past temperature‐precipitation correlation shifts identifies regions where past changes in the temperature‐precipitation relationships are variable and thus where predicting precipitation might be particularly challenging in a warming climate.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: We analyzed Holocene temperature‐precipitation correlations and hydrological sensitivities using climate proxy (pollen) and model data from Northern Hemisphere extratropics. We found reversals to negative temperature‐precipitation correlations from the cold early Holocene to the warm mid‐Holocene likely related to moisture‐limited convection. Correlations and hydrological sensitivities were mostly stable positive in polar and extratropical monsoon‐areas.
    Beschreibung: EC European Research Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000781
    Beschreibung: PALMOD
    Beschreibung: China Scholarship Council http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004543
    Beschreibung: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.930512
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5910989
    Beschreibung: https://zenodo.org/record/7038402%23.YxBL1uzP3V8
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551 ; ddc:561 ; Holocene ; pollen ; Northern Hemisphere ; temperature-precipation correlations
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 41
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-12-07
    Beschreibung: The characterization of the karst conduit network is an essential task to understand the complex flow system within karst aquifers. However, this task is challenging and often associated with uncertainty. Equivalent porous media approaches for modeling flow in karst aquifers fall short of capturing the hydraulic effect of individual karst features, while process‐oriented karst evolution models imply major computational efforts. In this study, we apply the Stochastic Karst Simulator (SKS) developed by Borghi et al. (2012) to generate karst conduit networks at a regional scale of a highly karstified carbonate aquifer located in the Eastern Mediterranean region and extensively used for water supply. The SKS generates conduit network geometries reasonably quick, using a mathematical proxy that mimics conduit evolution. The conduit simulation is based on a conceptual model of the genesis of the aquifer, consisting of different karstification phases. The stochastic approach of the algorithm enables us to generate an ensemble of conduit network realizations and to represent the uncertainties of these simulations in a Karst Probability Map. With only soft input information to constrain conduit evolution, multiple equivalent realizations yield similar resulting network geometries, indicating a robust approach. The presented methodology is numerically efficient, and its input can be easily adjusted. Subsequently, the resulting stochastic spatial distribution of conductivities can be employed for the parametrization of regional karst groundwater models.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: We statistically generate multiple sets of karst conduit network geometries using input data based on soft information. The resulting Karst Probability Map accounts for uncertainty in the spatial distribution of the karst conduit network. Our approach can assist in the integration of soft information into the parametrization of karst groundwater models.
    Beschreibung: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-16021
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551 ; karst conduit modeling ; stochastic modeling ; structural uncertainty ; karst probability mapping ; groundwater modeling
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 42
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-12-10
    Beschreibung: Understanding the temporal variability of plate tectonics is key to unraveling how mantle convection transports heat, and one critical factor for the formation and evolution of plate boundaries is rheological “memory,” that is, the persistence of weak zones. Here, we analyze the impact of such damage memory in global, oceanic‐lithosphere‐only models of visco‐plastic mantle convection. Self‐consistently‐formed weak zones are found to be reactivated in distinct ways, and convection preferentially selects such damaged zones for new plate boundaries. Reactivation of damage zones increases the frequency of plate reorganizations, and hence reduces the dominant periods of surface heat loss. The inheritance of distributed lithospheric damage thus dominates global surface dynamics over any local boundary stabilizing effects of weakening. In nature, progressive generation of weak zones may thus counteract and perhaps overcome any effects of reduced convective vigor throughout planetary cooling, with implications for the frequency of orogeny and convective transport throughout Wilson cycles.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Understanding how and why the motion of the lithosphere changes over time is important since this is telling us how planets with a plate tectonic style of heat transport evolve by thermo‐chemical mantle convection. One important factor for the evolution of plate boundaries is hysteresis, that is, memory of past deformation. Inherited weak zones, such as sutures, and progressive weakening are well documented in the geological record. Convection with damage shows dynamical behavior that is different from pure plastic failure without memory, or homogenous lithosphere that is being newly broken. We analyze the impact of damage with global, oceanic‐lithosphere‐only models of plate‐like mantle convection. Weak zones that are formed in an initially homogenous material are found to be reactivated subsequently in distinct ways. Within our tectonic system model, convection preferentially selects pre‐damaged zones for new, active plate boundaries. This reactivation increases the frequency of plate reorganizations compared to models without damage, and also changes the time‐dependence of cyclic surface heat loss. In nature, the progressive generation of weak zones over planetary history may counteract and perhaps overcome any effects of reduced convective vigor during cooling. This has implications for the frequency of mountain building and understanding Wilson cycles.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: Results from global, plate‐generating convection models with damage. Self‐consistently formed persistent weak zones lead to more frequent plate reorganizations. Accumulation of weak zones might counteract decrease in convective vigor for tectonic variability.
    Beschreibung: NSF EAR
    Beschreibung: Division of Earth Sciences http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000160
    Beschreibung: https://geodynamics.org/resources/citcoms
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6546322
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551 ; plate tectonics ; visco-plastic convection models
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 43
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-12-10
    Beschreibung: Deception Island is one of the most active and best‐documented volcanoes in Antarctica. Since its last eruption in 1970, several geophysical surveys have targeted reconstructing its magmatic systems. However, geophysics fails to reconstruct the pathways magma and fluids follow from depth to erupt at the surface. Here, novel data selection strategies and multi‐frequency absorption inversions have been framed in a Geographical Information System, using all available geological (vents and faults distribution), geochemical and geophysical knowledge of the volcano. The result is the detection of these eruptive pathways. The model offers the first image of the magma and associated fluids pathways feed the 1967, 1969, and 1970 eruptions. Results suggest that future ascending paths might lead to active research bases and zones of planned helicopter rescue. The connection between seismic absorption, temperature, and fluid content makes it a promising attribute for detecting and monitoring eruptions at active calderas.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Deception Island is the gateway for tourists to Antarctica and a laboratory to understand ice‐capped volcanoes and their eruptions. While the Island has been the target of many geophysical studies, no clear tomographic model shows how deep eruptive pathways of its last eruptions have reached the surface in the 1960s and 1970s. This is a recurrent topic in volcano geophysics: dikes and fluid migrations develop across structures considered too small to be detected by tomographic techniques. This paper demonstrates that seismic absorption has sufficient sensitivity to temperature and fluid content to detect these pathways. Once integrated within a Geographical Information System with all the information we have on the volcano, the models resolve the feeding systems of these eruptions, from a tectonically deformed deep magma chamber to shallow cold dyke intrusions and fluid migrations still feeding the volcano today. The correlation between seismic absorption, temperature, and fluid content offers a new tool for detecting and monitoring shallow volcanic hazards.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: High absorption detects deep eruptive pathways from the caldera center to its rim. Absorption imaging reconstructs shallow pathways of hazardous materials. Seismic absorption is sensitive to thermal anomalies at depth.
    Beschreibung: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6561124
    Beschreibung: https://zenodo.org/badge/latestdoi/493744216
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551 ; seismic absorption ; seismic tomography ; Deception Island ; Volcanology ; remote sensing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
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  • 44
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-12-10
    Beschreibung: Faults and fractures can be permeable pathways for focused fluid flow in structurally controlled ore‐forming hydrothermal systems. However, quantifying their role in fluid flow on the scale of several kilometers with numerical models typically requires high‐resolution meshes. This study introduces a modified numerical representation of m‐scale fault zones using lower‐dimensional elements (here, one‐dimensional [1D] elements in a 2D domain) to resolve structurally controlled fluid flow with coarser mesh resolutions and apply the method to magmatic‐hydrothermal ore‐forming systems. We modeled horizontal and vertical structure‐controlled magmatic‐hydrothermal deposits to understand the role of permeability and structure connectivity on ore deposition. The simulation results of vertically extended porphyry copper systems show that ore deposition can occur along permeable vertical structures where ascending, overpressured magmatic fluids are cooled by downflowing ambient fluids. Structure permeability and fault location control the distribution of ore grades. In highly permeable structures, the mineralization can span up to 3 km vertically, resulting in heat‐pipe mechanisms that promote the ascent of a magmatic vapor phase to an overlying structurally controlled epithermal system. Simulations for the formation of subhorizontal vein‐type deposits suggest that the major control on fluid flow and metal deposition along horizontal structures is the absence of vertical structures above the injection location but their presence at greater distances. Using a dynamic permeability model mimicking crack‐seal mechanisms within the structures leads to a pulsating behavior of fracture‐controlled hydrothermal systems and prevents the inflow of ambient fluids under overpressured conditions.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: Faults and fractures can serve as permeable pathways for focused fluid flow in the subsurface and therefore be essential geological features for the formation of economic mineral deposits. However, quantifying their role in the hydrothermal systems on the scale of several kilometers with numerical models typically requires high‐resolution meshes. This study presents a modified numerical representation of m‐scale fault zones with variable orientations to understand the hydrology of magmatic‐hydrothermal ore‐forming systems. The vertically extended systems simulation results show that ore deposition can occur along permeable vertical structures where ascending magmatic fluids are cooled by downflowing ambient fluids. Structure permeability and fault location can directly control the distribution of ore grades. In contrast, mineralization in horizontal structures requires the absence of vertical structures above the injection location of metal‐bearing magmatic volatiles but their presence at greater distances. Our model also shows how dynamic opening and closing of the structures in response to magmatic degassing can lead to a pulsating behavior and prevent the downflow of ambient fluids.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: We describe structurally controlled fluid flow by representing faults and fractures as one‐dimensional line elements within a 2D modeling domain. Vertical structures are efficient pathways for focused fluid flow and formation of high‐grade mineralization. Ore formation in horizontal fractures requires a hydraulic connection to distal vertical fault zones.
    Beschreibung: German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
    Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Beschreibung: Helmholtz Recruitment Initiative
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:551 ; magmatic‐hydrothermal systems ; ore deposits ; fluid flow ; numerical simulations ; faults and fractures
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: doc-type:article
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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