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  • thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general  (834)
  • machine learning  (586)
  • COVID-19  (376)
  • MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (1,636)
  • English  (1,636)
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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Seismic exploration is a geophysical method with deeper exploration capabilities and higher resolution than potential geophysical methods. It has been widely used in the fields of oil and gas, mineral, and environmental exploration, as well as engineering. This Special Issue provides several advanced methods and technologies for seismic data processing and interpretation, including the following: noise elimination, migration and inversion, passive seismic exploration, a theory for seismic wave propagation, and also Artificial Intelligence technology used in seismic data processing.
    Keywords: Geophysics;Seismic;Processing;Interpretation;Imaging ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Agricultural production management is facing a new era of intelligence and automation. With developments in sensor technologies, the temporal, spectral, and spatial resolution from ground/air/space platforms have been notably improved. Optical sensors play an essential role in agriculture production management. Specifically, monitoring plant health, growth conditions, and insect infestation has traditionally involved extensive fieldwork. We believe that sensors, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are not simply scientific experiments but opportunities to make our agricultural production management more efficient and cost-effective, further contributing to the healthy development of natural–human systems. This reprint compiles the latest research on optical sensors and machine learning in agricultural monitoring, including related topics: Machine learning approaches for crop health, growth, and yield monitoring; Combined multisource/multi-sensor data to improve the crop parameters mapping; Crop-related growth models, artificial intelligence models, algorithms, and precision management; Farmland environmental monitoring and management; Ground, air, and space platforms application in precision agriculture; Development and application of field robotics; High-throughput field information survey; Phenological monitoring.
    Keywords: soil moisture content ; spectral processing technology ; hyperspectral ; principal component analysis ; feature parameters extraction ; yield estimation ; rice ; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ; tasseled cap transformation ; precision agriculture ; weed identification ; YOLOv4-Tiny ; attention mechanism ; multiscale detection ; angle normalization ; vegetation canopy reflectance ; geostationary satellite ; path length correction ; Minnaert model ; GOCI ; winter wheat ; LSTM ; LAI ; deep learning ; land use ; land cover ; classification ; random forest ; Sentinel data ; SRTM ; feature selection ; accuracy ; validation ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; soybean ; convolutional neural network ; multispectral imagery ; fusarium head blight ; texture indices ; machine learning ; cropland ; multi-seasonal ; fractal feature ; feature extraction ; accuracy evaluation ; black soil ; UAV ; chlorophyll ; fractional vegetation cover ; maturity monitoring ; anomaly detection ; smart agriculture ; detection of apple leaf diseases ; YOLOv5 ; transformer ; CBAM ; crop type classification ; multi-temporal ; remote sensing ; dairy cows ; body condition score ; 3D TOF sensor ; non-contact evaluation ; recognize area of interest ; sugarcane clones ; canopy cover ; light interception ; biomass ; cane yield ; peanut southern blight ; reflection spectrum ; spectral index ; continuous wavelet transform ; VGNet ; corn diseases ; leaf detection ; lightweight ; transfer learning ; agriculture ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Biomedical sensors stand at the forefront of modern medical technologies, serving as indispensable components in diverse instruments and equipment. These sensors unravel the intricacies of biological processes and medical interventions. The recent surge in high-density sensor systems, characterized by arrangements in matrix arrays and other configurations, has ushered in a new era of functional evaluation. This spans electrophysiological activity, the metabolic responses of organs and tissues, and motor control analysis, all enriched with crucial spatial information. Functional mapping, a burgeoning approach in various biomedical techniques such as EEG, EMG, ECG, NIRS, and MEG, is proving to be transformative. Its integration enhances our comprehension of complex biological behaviors, where the precise spatial localization of sensing methodologies becomes paramount. The applications of functional mapping using biomedical sensors extend across multiple fields, including neuroscience, neuromuscular physiology, rehabilitation, and cardiology. Its utility ranges from diagnostic purposes to assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. The primary objective of this reprint was to collect papers that delineate the forefront of techniques, methods, and applications in the realm of biomedical sensors. Additionally, the focus extends to specific algorithms for data processing, ensuring a robust understanding of functional information intricately associated with spatial localization.
    Keywords: EMG ; EEG ; rehabilitation ; neuromotor ; evaluation ; assessment ; review ; machine learning ; biofeedback ; transfer learning ; random forest classifier ; COVID-19 ; intubation ; tracheoesophageal fistula ; tracheal lesions ; acute respiratory distress syndrome ; modeling ; intensive care unit ; muscle synergies ; whole body FES ; neurological patients ; photodynamic therapy ; fluorescence ; laser ; fluorophores ; enamel ; effective connectivity ; kurtosis ; resting-state connectivity ; stationarity ; sleep monitoring ; pressure bed sensor (PBS) ; unobtrusive measure ; multi-scale analysis ; sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) ; shift-working ; optically detected magnetic resonance ; quantum magnetometer ; magnetoencephalography ; time domain ; functional near infrared spectroscopy ; diffuse optics ; brain ; hemodynamics ; resting-state brain oscillation ; mental workload ; signal processing ; reliability ; cognitive performance ; Simon task ; emotion detection ; valence ; arousal ; wearable sensors ; regression ; classification ; technology acceptance model ; rehabilitation exoskeletons ; therapists ; neuro-rehabilitation ; multiple linear regression ; Pearson’s correlation ; integrated sensor systems ; hand function ; hand osteoarthritis ; electromyography ; diagnosis ; discriminant analysis ; photoplethysmogram ; microcirculation ; deep learning ; convolutional neural network ; modelling ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This Special Issue delves into the strides made, challenges encountered, and research imperatives within the realm of Industrie 4.0 from both a scientific and practical standpoint. This publication features the voices of Industrie 4.0 pioneers Henning Kagermann and Wolfgang Wahlster, as well as leaders in research and industrial application of smart manufacturing concepts.
    Keywords: Industrie 4.0 ; intelligent manufacturing ; smart factories ; industrial artificial intelligence ; digital twins ; zero-defect manufacturing ; digital ecosystems ; China Manufacturing 2025 ; Industrial Internet ; Cloud Manufacturing ; digitalization ; small-medium enterprises ; new business models ; data democratization ; fourth industrial revolution ; smart manufacturing ; smart factory ; digital transformation ; industry ; sustainability ; sovereignty ; interoperability ; mass customization ; Industry 4.0 ; skills ; competencies ; bibliometric analysis ; survey ; Hungary ; maturity model ; transformation ; methodology ; Industry 4.0 strategy ; socio-technical system ; business transformation ; industrial implementation ; mergers and acquisitions ; knowledge management ; networking ; process management ; informational change ; scarce data ; machine learning ; information fusion ; development of work ; sociotechnical systems approach ; human-oriented work design ; D-SI ; DCC ; digital signature ; calibration ; servitization ; digital factory transformation ; smart services ; IoT ; AI ; internal services ; remote work ; COVID-19 ; investment ; n/a ; digital twin ; digital manufacturing ; multi-agent systems ; data architecture ; Logistics 4.0 ; digital transformation strategy ; urban planning and city operation ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJC Business strategy ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This reprint entails descriptions of novel issues and challenges for primary mental healthcare regarding both general and vulnerable populations on a global scale. It is intended for health professionals and all who are interested in mental health care at the primary level.
    Keywords: depression ; sense of coherence ; burnout ; COVID-19 ; nurses ; medication adherence ; mental health nurses ; tacit knowledge ; schizophrenia ; sensory processing sensitivity ; environmental sensitivity ; university students ; nursing ; scale ; somatization ; number of diseases ; coping strategies ; sex ; aggression ; alexithymia ; comprehensibility ; quality of life ; family caregivers ; students ; medical ; psychological problem ; undergraduate ; Saudi Arabia ; n/a ; prospect theory ; applied psychology ; health ; decision making ; behavior ; prevention ; multiple sclerosis ; Beck depression inventory ; anxiety ; fatigue ; mediation ; lawyers ; suicidal ideation ; occupational stress ; loneliness ; perceived stress ; mental health ; work overcommitment ; mental health care ; adolescence ; internalizing/externalizing problems ; social skills ; neurodevelopmental disorders ; filmmaking intervention ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBP Health systems & services::MBPK Mental health services
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Geohazards, such as landslides, rock avalanches, debris flow, ground fissures, and ground subsidence, pose a significant threat to people’s lives and property. Recently, machine learning (ML) has become the predominant approach in geohazard modeling, offering advantages such as an excellent generalization ability and accurately describing complex and nonlinear behaviors. However, the utilization of advanced algorithms in deep learning remains poorly understood in this field. Additionally, there are fundamental challenges associated with ML modeling, including input variable selection, uncertainty quantification, and hyperparameter tuning. This reprint presents original research exploring new advances and challenges in the application of ML in the spatial–temporal modeling of geohazards. The contributions cover the susceptibility analysis of glacier debris flow and landslides, the displacement prediction of reservoir landslides, slope stability prediction and classification, building resilience evaluation, and the prediction of rainfall-induced landslide warning signals.
    Keywords: Geohazard modeling ; Spatial&ndash ; temporal prediction ; Machine learning ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: The aim of this Special Issue is to specify relevant principles of mathematics and mechanics in order to explore and understand biological problems. We summarize the most important parameters that influence human performance and that are related to the health sciences for all age groups, throughout their lives. We present papers that aim to introduce the latest research in the fields of health, quality-of-life improvement, and sport rehabilitation and that summarize their recommendations for best practice. The aim for this Special Issue is, therefore, to effectively combine and coordinate research and results in order to understand and improve human movement in medicine, sports, and at work.
    Keywords: tendinopathy ; Achilles tendon ; hyaluronic acid ; viscoelastic properties ; isometric contraction ; matrix metalloproteinase 3 ; interleukin-1beta ; fascia ; chronic low back pain ; myofascial release ; quality of life ; older adults ; oldest-old ; measurement invariance ; SHARE European Survey ; therapeutic exercises ; chronic neck pain ; scapular dyskinesia ; DOMS ; vibration ; post-exercise muscle damage ; physical exercise ; recovery ; women’s rugby ; anthropometry ; body composition ; adiposity ; somatotype ; lower-body strength ; accelerometry ; falls ; squat jump ; syndesmosis ; anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament ; high ankle sprain ; rotational instability ; posterior malleolus ; stabilization ; anatomic repair ; syndesmotic screw ; suture-button ; internal bracing ; treatment algorithm ; cardiac rehabilitation ; peripheral artery disease ; COVID-19 ; intermittent claudication ; review ; pressotherapy ; compression ; regeneration ; return-to-play ; rotator cuff repair ; shoulder injuries ; shoulder surgery ; shoulder assessment ; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; COPD ; acupuncture ; acupuncture therapy ; acupuncture treatment ; health-related quality of life ; anterior knee laxity ; stiffness ; general joint laxity ; genu recurvatum ; low back pain ; physical activity ; trunk alignment ; rasterstereographic system ; young males ; tissue flossing ; floss band ; vascular occlusion ; muscle strength ; muscle endurance ; warm-up ; TECAR therapy ; high-intensity laser therapy ; manual therapy ; muscle disorders ; hemophilia ; knee ; virtual reality exposure therapy ; joint pain ; physiotherapy ; daily physical function ; middle-aged and older adults ; CHARLS ; aging ; appendicular muscle mass ; inflammaging ; biomarkers ; adiponectin ; sarcopenia ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: The 3D analysis of human movement aims to objectively and quantitatively assess motor functions and alterations. It is a valuable method for sport scientists, coaches, and clinicians to evaluate sport performance, common movements, and alterations. The feasibility of 3D analysis is increasing because it can be adopted both in a laboratory setting or directly in the field, in static or dynamic conditions, and for physiological or pathological movements. This evaluation technique can be adopted for many people, including children, adolescents, adults, and older people, whether they are sedentary or athletes and whether they are healthy or motor-impaired people.
    Keywords: virtual reality ; augmented reality ; lifelogging ; mirror world ; health ; posture training ; feedback ; COVID-19 ; neck-shoulder-region ; shoulder protraction ; upper crossed syndrome ; posture weakness ; physical inactivity ; sedentary behavior ; soccer ; climbing ; exhaustion ; fatigue ; training ; machine learning ; sports ; gender ; data mining ; artificial intelligence ; posture ; reproducibility ; mobile app ; movement ; kinesiology ; sport performance ; inertial sensor ; inertial sensor device ; inertial measurement unit ; training load ; external load ; physical demand ; handstand ; postural control ; postural balance ; sEMG ; stabilometric assessment ; exercise ; Nordic walking ; walking ; 3D kinematics ; biomechanics ; gait analysis ; kyphosis ; spinal mouse ; photogrammetry ; postural evaluation ; bicycle ; cyclists ; saddle pressure ; perineal pressure ; urogenital system ; injury prevention ; cervical ROM ; elastic taping ; neck pain ; musculoskeletal health ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: In the orthopedic surgical field, knee surgeries, including articular cartilage repair procedures, meniscus surgery, ligament reconstruction surgery, osteotomy surgery, and partial/total knee arthroplasty surgery, have made great advances over the last few decades. This Special Issue highlights and focuses on the surgical concepts and techniques, decision-making processes, perioperative management protocols, and clinical outcomes of the recent various advanced knee surgery procedures.
    Keywords: high tibial osteotomy ; TomoFix ; plate position ; anatomical conformity ; dual-energy CT ; Hounsfield unit ; bone mineral density ; volumetric phantomless BMD ; opportunistic CT ; orthopedic surgeon ; planning ; survey ; total knee arthroplasty ; unicompartmental knee arthroplasty ; anterior cruciate ligament ; reconstruction ; bone tunnel widening ; adjustable-loop device ; interference screw ; hamstring tendon ; autograft ; tibial component alignment ; radiographic references ; extramedullary system ; tranexamic acid ; clamping time ; transfusion ; estimated blood loss ; continuous cold flow therapy ; cryotherapy ; pain ; opioids consumption ; patient satisfaction ; bone marrow lesion ; knee ; meniscus ; root tear ; root repair ; femorotibial joint ; chondromalacia ; aging ; body mass index ; magnetic resonance imaging ; automated detection ; detection algorithm ; deep learning ; venous thromboembolism ; medial collateral ligament ; strain ; video extensometer ; medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy ; central sensitization ; patient-reported outcomes ; osteotomy site pain ; minimal clinically important difference ; human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells ; cartilage regeneration ; cartilage repair ; osteoarthritis treatment ; stem cell therapy ; Outerbridge ; degeneration ; spacer block ; intramedullary rod ; femorotibial congruence ; unicompartmental arthroplasty ; osteoarthritis ; cartilage ; stem cells ; umbilical cord blood ; femur fracture ; polyethylene insert ; osteoporosis ; multivariate logistic analysis ; atelocollagen ; microfracture ; ACIC ; bone marrow aspirate concentrate ; human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells ; knee osteoarthritis ; loosening ; arthroplasty ; machine learning ; transfer learning ; review ; prosthesis ; meniscus root ; medial meniscus posterior root ; medial meniscus posterior root tear ; meniscus root repair ; transtibial pull-out repair ; bone tunnel enlargement ; anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction ; landmark ; lateral tibial spine ; anatomy ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The reprint "Comprehensive Research in Earthquake Forecasting and Seismic Hazard Assessment" is a collection of articles dealing with various aspects of the physics of seismic processes, earthquake forecasting, and the search for their precursors. All published articles can be roughly divided into three unequal groups according to the number of articles presented. The first group includes theoretical and methodological articles. The second group includes articles confirming one or another model of seismicity behaviour in anticipation of a strong earthquake. Finally, the third and most numerous group of articles consists of those analysing the results of long-term observations of the behaviour of various geophysical fields. We are confident that each of these articles will find an interested reader, and that the collection as a whole deserves the attention of representatives of the scientific community concerned with the problem of earthquake forecasting and the search for their precursors.
    Keywords: earthquake forecasting ; strain rates ; multiplicative hybrid models ; reverse testing ; spatial distribution ; atmospheric electric field ; earthquake precursors ; radon concentration ; earthquake interevent times ; Greek seismicity ; temporal correlations ; statistical distributions ; earthquake prediction ; infrared remote sensing ; multi-channel ; pre-seismic anomaly ; relative power spectrum ; connected region ; seismic noise ; time series ; singularity spectrum ; wavelet analysis ; spectral measure of coherence ; Kamchatka Peninsula ; earthquake ; source deactivation ; logistic equation ; nonlinear diffusion equation ; Omori epoch ; round-the-world echo ; mirror triad ; PGA ; PGV ; return period ; PSHA ; stochastic seismic hazard assessment ; earthquake preparation ; areas of increased shear deformations ; mathematical simulation ; rock deformation ; acoustic emission of near-surface rocks ; apparent resistivity ; correlation ; earthquakes ; magnetotellurics ; electromagnetic signals ; electromagnetic anomalies ; aftershocks sequences ; Tsallis entropy ; interevent times ; power-law scaling ; complexity ; Antarctic Peninsula ; Seymour–Marambio Island ; Orca submarine volcano ; numerical modelling ; earthquake simulator ; statistical methods ; earthquake clustering ; northern Adriatic sea ; statistical seismology ; numerical modeling ; probabilistic forecasting ; time-series analysis ; wavelet-based entropy ; wavelet-based Donoho–Johnston index ; correlations ; day length ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This reprint, entitled “Management of Acute and Chronic Complications of Lysosomal Storage Diseases in Children and Adults: Current Practice and Future Opportunities”, covers broad aspects of this group of rare diseases. The first theme includes articles on the management of pain, corneal clouding, gastrointestinal and airway diseases in Mucopolysaccharidoses and Mucolipidoses, and the evaluation of dysphonia in Pompe disease. Additionally, attention deficit and ADHD and the management of atherosclerosis in Fabry disease are considered here. The second theme includes diagnostic conundrums in lysosomal storage diseases, e.g., the prenatal diagnosis of Gaucher disease during pregnancy, the diagnosis of secondary hyperparathyroidism in Mucolipidoses, and the application of the new biomarker “plasma neurofilament light” in Niemann Pick C disease, as well as the correlation of enzyme activity with molecular diagnosis in Pompe disease. The articles in the third theme describe the impact of therapies on clinical outcomes. For example, a systematic review of the impact of enzyme replacement therapy on late-onset Pompe disease and trehalose use on Niemann Pick A and B is included. The remaining articles describe the NHS processes for overcoming challenges resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and the differences in the transition from paediatric to adult services between different countries.
    Keywords: Mucopolysaccharidosis ; corneal clouding ; penetrating keratoplasty ; deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty ; mucopolysaccharidoses ; airway ; obstruction ; management ; Fabry disease ; attention ; Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity ; cognition ; late-onset Pompe disease ; gastrointestinal ; smooth muscles ; PROMIS–GI symptom scales ; GAAKO mice ; glycogen storage disorder ; translational research ; patient-reported outcomes measures ; mucopolysaccharidosis ; MPS ; disease manifestations ; symptoms ; morbidity ; spine disease ; anaesthesia ; perioperative complications ; surgery ; pompe disease ; speech ; voice ; dysphonia ; acoustic ; auditory-perceptual ; GRBAS ; respiratory ; Pompe disease ; gene panel sequencing ; alpha-glucosidase ; GAA ; dried-blood spots ; fabry disease ; neuropathic pain ; depression ; Fabry ; atherosclerosis ; ischaemia ; perfusion ; angina ; Sanfilippo syndrome ; mortality ; Niemann–Pick C ; neurofilament light ; biomarkers ; neurological disease ; glycogen storage disease type II ; enzyme replacement therapy ; COVID-19 ; inherited metabolic disorders ; rare autoinflammatory diseases ; health care providers ; Gaucher disease ; NIHF ; perinatal-lethal Gaucher disease ; PLGD ; ichthyosis ; GBA gene ; airway management ; radiology ; hyoid bone ; chin ; intubation ; intratracheal ; lysosomal storage disease (LSD) ; Niemann–Pick type A ; Niemann–Pick type B ; acid sphingomyelinase ; sphingolipid deposition ; trehalose ; mucolipidosis type II ; ML II ; I-cell disease ; hyperparathyroidism ; mucolipidosis ; ML ; MLII ; transition service ; adult metabolic medicine ; collaboration ; challenges ; inherited metabolic diseases ; healthcare systems ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: This reprint aims to identify critical areas of water quality assessment, modeling, and mitigation in freshwater bodies, wastewater treatment, and groundwater aquifers, which require special attention. This links the volume to multiple regulatory options, including policy and governance measures, alternative ecosystem service dependence options (i.e., nature-based solutions), or mechanisms that link regions to international processes, like measures proposed under the Environmental Protection guidelines. The reprint will pay special attention to water quality assessment, modeling, and mitigation.
    Keywords: pumping station pipeline ; chaotic characteristic ; IVMD ; vibration response ; correlation dimension ; Lyapunov exponent ; monitoring ; mitigations ; spatial and temporal variabilities ; principal component analysis ; cluster analysis ; discriminant analysis ; water quality ; pollution ; correlation ; settlement ; damage evolution ; seepage/stress-damage method ; data monitoring ; groundwater ; heavy metals ; physicochemical parameters ; in-situ ; machine learning ; geostatistical analysis ; nanofiltration ; electrocoagulation ; nickel ; zinc ; copper ; water pollution ; adsorption ; copper ions ; adsorption mechanism ; adsorption kinetics ; thermodynamics ; expanded S-curve model ; domestic water usage ; economic development ; mathematical model ; Sentinel-2 ; chlorophyll ; turbidity ; lake ; concentration modeling of contaminants ; Cuernavaca aquifer ; hydrochemistry ; water quality index ; time series analysis ; spatial analysis ; water intensity ; LMDI model ; Tapio model ; technical effect ; industrial structure effect ; regional scale effect ; tannery effluent ; ozonation ; optimization ; turbidity removal ; Taguchi ; ecosystem services ; provisioning ecosystem services ; regulating ecosystem services ; cultural ecosystem services ; supporting ecosystem services ; modeling ; water quality indexing ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Partial differential equations are indispensable for modeling various phenomena and processes, such as those in physics, biology, finance, and engineering. Finding solutions to partial differential equations using qualitative theories or quantitative methods, as well as the application of such investigations to real-world problems, has drawn a large amount of interest from researchers. This reprint encompasses all the articles that were accepted and published in this Special Issue titled "Applications of Partial Differential Equations ". We hope that these accepted and published papers will be impactful and motivate future research on partial differential equations for solving complex problems in various fields, disciplines, and applications.
    Keywords: non-linear optimal control ; stratified fluids ; energy functional ; optimal condition ; state variable ; travelling waves ; Eyring–Powell ; geometric perturbation ; nonlinear reaction–diffusion ; unsteady flow ; C∞-semigroups ; analytic semigroups ; Fourier multipliers ; Λ-ellipticity ; fractional Zakharov system ; stochastic Zakharov system ; Riccati–Bernoulli sub-ODE method ; Jacobi elliptic function method ; generalized fractional derivative ; time-diffusion problem ; generalized linear interpolation ; numerical scheme ; backward nonlocal wave equation ; Pascal bases automatically satisfying specified conditions ; integral boundary condition ; nonlocal boundary shape function ; delay differential equations ; 2D parabolic equations ; fractional step method ; convection diffusion problems ; shallow water flow ; Faedo–Galerkin method ; feedback control ; PDE’s stabilization ; tuberculosis ; COVID-19 ; diffusion ; coinfection ; stability ; singularly perturbed problem ; parabolic differential equation ; convection–diffusion problem ; line discontinuous source term ; streamline–diffusion finite element method ; Shishkin mesh ; uniformly convergent ; diffusion equations ; traveling waves ; phototaxis ; bacterial motion ; biological aggregation ; chemotaxis model ; integral inequality ; global uniform boundedness ; CNL-GZE ; lump-type solitons ; rogue wave ; appropriate transformation technique ; optimal decay ; viscoelastic wave equation ; nonlinear time-varying delay ; nonlinear damping ; acoustic boundary conditions ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Cybersecurity attacks are increasing in sophistication and intensity and are known to have a disruptive effect on organizations and society. This reprint contains a range of papers that address various issues relating to the problem, and insights are provided into how cybersecurity awareness can be increased and how organizations can be made less vulnerable to attacks. The solutions put forward will help staff to utilize technology better and devise methodological approaches that when operationalized, help defend the organization’s networks and computer systems from cyber-attacks.
    Keywords: Cybersecurity ; machine learning ; networks ; threat detection ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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  • 15
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: The research field of data analysis and mining has attracted the interest of both academia and industry in recent years. This reprint contains 17 papers, which cover different topics of the broad research field of data analysis and mining. Each paper presents new data mining algorithms and techniques, as well as applications of data analysis and mining in real-world domains.
    Keywords: chi-square test ; constrained likelihood ratio test ; Fisher test ; gamma distribution ; uniformly most powerful test ; key interested frame ; commodity video ; clustering ; deep neural network ; frequent subtree ; parallel algorithms ; data partitioning ; load balancing ; trust inference ; trust propagation ; online social network ; social network analysis ; probabilistic graphical model ; message passing ; belief propagation ; model interpretability ; sequential rule mining ; non redundant sequential rules ; TRuleGrowth ; top-k non redundant rules ; closed sequential patterns ; multivariate time series ; deep spatiotemporal information ; down-sampling convolution ; attention ; graph neural network ; mobility patterns ; social media data ; artificial intelligence ; tourist clusters ; tourist flows ; forecasting ; univariate ; time series ; Python ; PSF ; spam detection ; deep learning ; semantic similarity ; social network security ; web analytics ; web log mining ; clickstream analysis ; sequence mining ; sequitur ; graph techniques ; feature subset selection ; data mining ; educational data mining ; machine learning ; metaheuristics ; artificial neural networks ; random decision forests ; posttraumatic stress disorder ; DSM-V ; emergency cesarean section ; elective cesarean section ; postpartum period ; text similarity calculation ; passage-level event connection graph ; vector tuning ; graph embedding ; meteorological data mining and machine learning ; class imbalance ; classification ; randomized undersampling ; SMOTE oversampling ; undersampling using temporal distances ; recommender systems ; session-based recommendations ; e-commerce ; data and web mining ; item co-occurrence ; graph data model ; next-item and next-basket recommendations ; graph-based recommendations ; purchase intent ; LSTM-RNN ; signal processing ; smart device ; electromagnetic field ; non-ionizing radiation protection ; SAR ; ANOVA ; data science ; selection ; constraint satisfaction ; preprocessing ; mobile technology ; statistics ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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  • 16
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-24
    Description: This book reprints articles from the Special Issue "Advances in Computer-Aided Technology" published online in the open-access journal Machines (ISSN 2075-1702). This book consists of thirteen published articles. This Special Issue belongs to the "Mechatronic and Intelligent Machines" section. Industry 4.0 is characterized by the integration of advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and cloud computing, into traditional manufacturing and production processes. CAx (Computer-Aided Systems) systems are a set of computer software tools used in engineering and product design, covering various stages of the product development cycle. Advanced CAx tools combine many different aspects of product lifecycle management (PLM), including design, finite element analysis (FEA), manufacturing, production planning and product. In connection with the transition to Industry 4.0 concepts, the concept of the digital twin comes to the fore, and existing CAx systems must adapt to this trend. The Special Issue deals with a number of research areas, such as: - New trends in CAx systems; Digital manufacturing; Internet of Things in manufacturing; Simulation of production systems and processes; Systems for advanced finite element analysis; Material engineering; Digitization and 3D scanning.
    Keywords: tensor glyph ; golden section ; vector space ; sandwich ; springback ; Vegter yield criterion ; numerical simulation ; PAM-STAMP 2G ; isotropic hardening law ; kinematic hardening law ; bending ; Bauschinger effect ; machine learning ; artificial neural network ; additive manufacturing ; high precision metrology ; CAD ; predictive model ; ship hull structure ; computer-aided design of structure ; database ; function soft block ; gun drill tool ; deep-drilling technology ; optimization ; tool life ; angle ; digital implant impression ; interimplant distance ; intraoral scanner ; trueness ; sewing machine ; needle bar ; floating needle ; electromagnet ; electromagnetic simulation ; noise reduction ; cycloidal gearbox ; friction ; actuator ; servomotor ; permanent magnet synchronous machine ; fixture design ; machining ; sustainable manufacturing ; process innovation ; complex-shape part ; signal processing ; monitoring system ; laser profiler ; surface roughness ; quality assessment ; non-contact method ; vision-based method ; frequency analysis ; abrasive water jet ; wood plastic composite ; natural reinforcement ; knitting machine ; stroke ; drive ; simulation ; cylinder ; dynamic modeling ; load spectrum reconstruction ; fatigue test ; hydraulic excavator ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::C Language and Linguistics
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The purpose of this Special Issue was to collect and present research results and experiences on energy supply in the Visegrad Group countries. This research considers both macroeconomic and microeconomic aspects. It was important to determine how the V4 countries deal with energy management, how they have undergone or are undergoing energy transformation and in what direction they are heading. The articles concerned aspects of the energy balance in the V4 countries compared to the EU, including the production of renewable energy, as well as changes in its individual sectors (transport and food production). The energy efficiency of low-emission vehicles in public transport and goods deliveries are also discussed, as well as the energy efficiency of farms and energy storage facilities and the impact of the energy sector on the quality of the environment.
    Keywords: energy supplies ; energy security ; energy market ; EU countries ; Hellwig’s method ; sustainability strategies ; sustainable development ; Visegrád Group ; sustainable strategic management ; the renewable energy sector ; energy use ; structures ; food production systems ; Visegrad Group ; energy mix ; renewables ; energy in transport ; energetic efficiency ; energy sources ; economic growth ; developing and developed countries ; energy sector ; environmental quality ; renewable energy sources (RES) ; nuclear energy ; southeastern Poland ; sustainability ; renewable energy sources ; European Union ; cluster analysis ; Visegrad Group countries ; fuels ; cointegration ; Granger causality ; electricity prices ; households ; directions of price changes ; biogas energy ; solar energy ; hybrid biogas plant ; renewable energy ; circular economy ; off-grid systems ; energy efficiency ; social and economic aspects of energy ; economic efficiency ; low emissions ; zero emissions ; e-commerce ; last mile ; parcel lockers ; efficiency of logistics processes ; economies of scale ; simulation of logistics processes ; COVID-19 ; BESS management ; price arbitration ; shift load ; microgrid ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, and the disease now affects nearly every country and region. Nearly 18 months later, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to present significant challenges to health systems, public health, and the economy of countries across both hemispheres. The morbidity and mortality of the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been significant, and various waves of disease outbreaks initially overwhelmed hospitals and clinics in many countries and continue to do so. This influences everyone, and public health countermeasures have been dramatic in terms of their impact on employment, social systems, and mental health. This Special Issue collection follows on from the Special Issue “COVID-19: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives” and provides an avenue for authors from various disciplines to provide feedback on the response to and our future global preparedness for COVID-19, as well as to disseminate critical information about SARS-CoV-2 and the associated COVID-19 pandemic.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; new-onset DM ; severe infection ; mortality ; outbreak ; P.1 variant ; Gamma variant ; SARS-CoV-2 infection ; whole-genome sequencing ; pandemic ; overweight ; obesity ; Peru ; psychological impacts ; public health ; preparedness ; mRNA-1273 ; BNT162b2 ; TAK-919 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; post-vaccination ; healthcare personnel ; vaccination ; asymptomatic infection ; HIV ; infectious disease ; excess mortality ; regdanvimab ; remdesivir ; severe ; community transmission ; population density gradient ; Dhaka ; Bangladesh ; dengue ; undifferentiated febrile illness ; antigen testing ; variants ; reinfections ; breakthrough infections ; vaccine hesitancy ; sub-Saharan Africa ; pulmonary fibrosis ; postacute COVID-19 syndrome ; tuberculosis ; helminth coinfection ; coronavirus ; coordination ; health operations and technical expertise ; AFRO ; diarrhea ; liver ; pancreas ; inflammatory bowel diseases ; liver transplantation ; reproduction rate ; phylogenetic analysis ; clade GK ; D614G ; P681R ; cross-reactivity ; haemorrhage ; thrombocytopenia ; thrombosis ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) ; molecular diagnostics ; real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) ; economy ; income levels ; waves ; policy ; turning points ; occupational exposure ; risk factors ; personal protective equipment ; SIR model ; socio-behavioral aspects ; interaction distance ; school reopening strategy ; self-medication ; over-the-counter ; medicine use ; Pakistan ; clinical features ; Luanda ; Angola ; socioeconomic status ; risk perception ; risk prevention practices ; qualitative ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 19
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: The sustainable management of water cycles is crucial in the context of climate change and global warming. It involves managing global, regional, and local water cycles, as well as urban, agricultural, and industrial water cycles, to conserve water resources and their relationships with energy, food, microclimates, biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and anthropogenic activities. Hydrological modeling is indispensable for achieving this goal, as it is essential for water resources management and the mitigation of natural disasters. In recent decades, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in hydrology and water resources management has led to notable advances. In the face of hydro-geo-meteorological uncertainty, AI approaches have proven to be powerful tools for accurately modeling complex, nonlinear hydrological processes and effectively utilizing various digital and imaging data sources, such as ground gauges, remote sensing tools, and in situ Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The thirteen research papers published in this Special Issue make significant contributions to long- and short-term hydrological modeling and water resources management under changing environments using AI techniques coupled with various analytics tools. These contributions, which cover hydrological forecasting, microclimate control, and climate adaptation, can promote hydrology research and direct policy making toward sustainable and integrated water resources management.
    Keywords: ANN ; roadside IoT sensors ; simulations of the gridded rainstorms ; 2D inundation simulation and real-time error correction ; weather types and features ; meteorological feature extraction ; artificial neural network ; self-organizing map (SOM) ; urban agriculture ; resource utilization efficiency ; urban northern Taiwan ; machine learning ; random forest ; regression analysis ; support vector machine ; threshold rainfall ; threshold runoff ; XGBoost ; stochastic rainfall generator ; Huff rainfall curve ; copula ; GeoAI ; artificial intelligence ; hydrological ; hydraulic ; fluvial ; water quality ; geomorphic ; modeling ; anomaly detection ; deep reinforcement learning ; telemetry water level ; time series ; ensemble ; multi-model ensemble ; precipitation ; forecasting ; persian gulf ; deep learning ; dam inflow ; RNN ; LSTM ; GRU ; hyperparameter ; rainfall time series ; artificial neural networks ; Multiple Linear Regression ; Chania ; CNN ; ELM ; temporary rivers ; hydrological extremes ; multivariate stochastic model ; autoregressive model ; Markov model ; daily temperature ; temperature generator ; Bayesian neural network ; forecasting uncertainty ; multi-step ahead forecasting ; probabilistic streamflow forecasting ; variational inference ; smart microclimate-control system (SMCS) ; system dynamics ; water–energy–food nexus ; agricultural resilience ; hydroinformatics ; hydrological modeling ; early warning ; uncertainty ; sustainability
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The eradication of vector-borne diseases is threatened by the limited range of available insecticides, leading, inevitably, to the development of resistance. This is particularly concerning for malaria control, which relies heavily on insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual sprays (IRS). New chemistries are being developed, and innovative deployment of insecticides may play a role in overcoming resistance, either through new types of tools or new means of distribution. A variety of novel product types and vector control strategies are under development and evaluation, which is to be celebrated, but a strong evidence base is needed to guide effective operational deployment decisions. Novel approaches should be supported by robust data collected using appropriate and validated methods to monitor efficacy, durability, and any emerging resistance. This reprint presents original research into developing and characterizing new vector control products, as well as understanding and monitoring insecticide resistance. Review articles explore the impact of insecticide resistance and offer guidance on insecticide choice in the face of pyrethroid resistance. Consensus methodologies are presented, in the form of standard operating procedures (SOPs) designed to be adopted and used to generate reproducible data that can be compared and interpreted across and between studies. It is hoped that this collection of articles offers inspiration and guidance on how consistent data can be generated to inform more effective development, evaluation, and use of new and existing vector control tools.
    Keywords: prallethrin ; insecticide ; spatial treatment ; mosquito fitness ; protection ; pyrethroids ; Aedes albopictus ; Culex pipiens ; life tables ; mosquito ; bite-proof garment ; model ; textile ; non-insecticidal ; physical barrier ; insecticide selection ; out-crossing ; strain authentication ; laboratory screening ; pyrethroid ; pyrethroid resistance ; insecticide resistance ; insecticide resistance management ; vector control ; malaria ; malaria control ; Anopheles ; host-seeking behavior ; insecticide exposure ; pathogen transmission ; Aedes aegypti ; Anopheles gambiae ; ATSB ; Culex quinquefasciatus ; Iroquois ; RNAi ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; yeast ; Anopheles mosquito ; fertility ; ovary development ; pyriproxyfen (PPF) ; side-effects ; machine learning ; image classification ; automated identification ; convolutional neural network ; insecticide-treated net (ITN) ; PBO ITN ; synergist ITN ; dual-AI ITN ; insecticide resistance management (IRM) ; method validation ; durability monitoring ; bioinsecticide ; disease transmission ; insecticide-resistance ; mosquito-borne disease ; mosquito control ; natural compounds ; phytochemical ; malaria vector ; insecticide treated nets ; cytochrome P450s ; kdr ; cuticular resistance ; deltamethrin ; imidacloprid ; bifenthrin ; β-cyfluthrin ; etofenprox ; α-cypermethrin ; λ-cyhalothrin ; thiacloprid ; mosquitoes ; Attractive Toxic Sugar Bait (ATSB) ; Attractive Targeted Sugar Bait (ATSB) ; diagnostic bioassay ; resistance monitoring ; insecticide-treated nets (ITN) ; strain characterisation ; method development ; product evaluation ; quality control (QC) ; dual active ingredients (dual-AI) ; bioefficacy ; IRS ; application technology ; broflanilide ; clothianidin ; pirimiphos-methyl ; WHO tube ; WHO tunnel test ; ITNs ; interceptor ; interceptor G2 ; membrane ; human arm ; rabbit ; bioassay ; bio-efficacy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Introducing “A Feasible Approach for Natural Products to Treatment of Diseases”–an exploration of the therapeutic potential locked within nature’s abundant offerings. This comprehensive reprint delves into the fascinating realm of natural products, uncovering their inherent properties, mechanisms of action, and potential roles in effective disease management. Through extensive scientific research and reviews, the authors shed light on the immense potential of natural products as a viable approach to enhancing health and combating diseases. This reprint presents a diverse and multidimensional exploration, bridging the gap between traditional wisdom and contemporary scientific understanding and offering new avenues for healthcare professionals, researchers, and enthusiasts to harness the power of nature’s remarkable resources. As a catalyst for unlocking the healing potential of natural products, this reprint inspires further investigation and innovation, and drives us towards a future where their integration into mainstream healthcare becomes indispensable. Discover the possibilities and embark on a health and well-being journey with “A Feasible Approach for Natural Products to Treatment of Diseases”.
    Keywords: cancer immunotherapy ; fructan ; FT-IR ; mass spectrometry ; young green barley ; COVID-19 ; β-glucans ; immunomodulation ; anti-inflammation ; anti-oxidant ; ACE2 regulation ; impedance ; ECIS ; antitumor activity ; anticancer properties ; betulin ; betulinic acid ; Amadori rearrangement compounds ; barley ; anti-obesity ; arginyl-fructose ; adipogenic ; ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraenol (ERGT) ; cholesta-5,7,22,24-tetraenol (CHT) ; ergosterol biosynthesis ; antimetabolite ; suicide substrate ; Trypanosoma brucei ; coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 ; main protease ; Saussurea costus ; molecular docking ; GC-MS profiling ; Molineria recurvata ; diabetic nephropathy ; urinary biomarkers ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; walnut ; Juglans regia ; high-fat diet ; insulin resistance ; cognitive function ; JNK/NFκB pathway ; Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium ; flavonoids ; anticancer ; mechanism ; phenotype ; Angelica sinensis polysaccharide ; Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide ; hexokinase 2 ; glycolysis ; JAK2/STAT3 pathway ; liver regeneration ; Holoptelea integrifolia ; MMP-9 ; wound healing ; friedelin ; oxalactam A ; macrolactam ; anti-Rhizoctonia solani ; Penicillium oxalicum ; molecular dynamics ; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ; natural products ; terpenoids ; mechanisms ; treatment ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 22
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: In recent years, inorganic oxidic nanomaterials have been extensively investigated for their outstanding properties that allow their use within a large variety of raising fields of interest, ranging from (photo)catalysis to the development of functional nanocomposites. Nanoscopic metal (eventually mixed) oxides are often fabricated following soft-chemistry approaches, characterized by the possibility of favouring specific morphologies, particles dimensions, and surface porosities through different synthetic methods and templating processes. In this context, surface functionalities and reactivity play a major role in the determination of nanomaterials final properties. For this reason, further surface functionalization with specific chemical moieties is often recommended to extend their field of application. This Special Issue, now edited as a book, aimed at extending the comprehension of the mechanisms involved in the synthesis and templating of inorganic oxidic nanomaterials, as well as in their surface functionalization and reactivity. Additionally, this Special Issue aimed at increasing the knowledge on the latest advances of these systems in (photo)catalysis, environmental clean-up processes, energy storage, controlled transport and/or release, biomedicine, sensing, development of smart-materials, stimuli-responsive materials, and nanocomposites. Nanomaterials of interest included: silica, alumina, titania, zirconia, zinc oxide, aluminosilicates, iron oxides, perovskites and titanates, rare earth oxides, and composites. Furthermore, particular attention was dedicated toward studies describing alternative ecofriendly preparation methods.
    Keywords: alumino-silicates ; biomedicine ; ceramics ; clays ; inorganic chemistry ; environmental remediation ; nanomaterials ; porous materials ; mesoporous material ; zero-valent-iron nanoparticles ; methylene blue adsorption ; metal–organic framework ; iridium oxide ; nanostructuration ; IrO2 applications ; IrO2 synthesis ; OER ; C3N4 ; ZnO ; heterojunction ; photocatalyst ; metal oxide nanocomposites ; microstructural analysis ; electrospinning ; polymer substrate ; photodegradation ; LSA 99Mo ; thermodynamic parameters ; solid-phase extraction ; isotherm ; metal oxides NPs ; Ni-Fe-TiO2 nanocomposite ; microstructure ; biocompatibility ; endodontic file ; graphitic carbon nitride ; photocatalysts ; g-C3N4/ZnO ; visible light ; photocatalytic degradation ; inorganic coatings ; functional coatings ; stimuli-responsive polymers ; sol–gel ; antimicrobial ; wear-resistance ; photo-catalytic activity ; UV protection ; calcium oxide-doped carbon nitride nanostructures ; basic fuchsine ; elimination mechanism ; π-π stacking ; magnetic nanoparticles ; magnetite ; solvothermal synthesis ; waste valorization ; green chemistry ; advanced oxidation processes ; experimental protocols ; heterogeneous catalysis ; inorganic thermal activation ; organic pollutants ; perovskites ; physico-chemical characterization ; solution combustion synthesis ; strontium ferrates ; water treatment ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNK Inorganic chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The sustainability of water resources worldwide is increasingly imperiled as climate change contributes to the human-induced problems of water supply scarcity and maldistribution. Environmental problems associated with water quality, such as aquifer depletion, land subsidence, the seasonal drying of river flows, waterlogging, the salinization of rivers and groundwater, and human health problems from the excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides will require a radical re-thinking of resource-management policy and new tools to help analysts and regulators craft novel solutions. Over the past several decades, with the advent and rapid progress of computational technology, watershed models have increasingly become important and effective tools for tackling a wide range of water resource and environmental management issues and for supporting regulatory compliance. Statistical and machine-learning methods are being used to support and even supplant more traditional simulation models to improve the estimation of the temporal dynamics and patterns of variability in pollutant concentrations and loads. With the advancements in modeling approaches for water quality, there have also been developments in decision-support tools for water quality management. This reprint describes innovative decision-support approaches from around the world and across sectors that can be applied by stakeholders, government entities, and regulators to reduce environmental pollution and result in cost-effective and sustainable water management strategies.
    Keywords: tree-ring ; flow reconstruction ; pre-development ; estuarine salinity ; salinity intrusion ; water quality forecasting ; decision support ; WARMF ; regression model ; salinity ; irrigated agriculture ; stakeholder involvement ; stream water quality ; CART ; ID3 ; random forest ; bagging ; boosting ; extremely random trees ; Gradient Boosting ; land use factor ; Decision Support System ; water quality forecast ; MLP neural network ; Daubechies 5 wavelet ; long short-term memory network ; hybrid model ; decomposition-and-ensemble ; CE-QUAL-W2 ; EDSS ; SaaS ; irrigation ; agriculture ; policy ; water ; economics ; model ; conservation practices ; decision making ; nutrients ; sediment ; targeting ; water quality ; chemical footprint ; emerging contaminants ; endocrine-disrupting compounds ; footprint calculator ; personal care products ; remote sensing ; geographical information systems ; watershed management ; ambient monitoring ; data collection ; San Joaquin River ; decision support system ; assimilative capacity ; real-time management economics ; drinking water quality ; operational decision-making ; real-time monitoring ; Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology::TQK Pollution control
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In 2020-2022, much of the world was at risk for catching COVID-19. This reprint, “Crimmigration in the Age of COVID-19,” contributes to understanding immigration during the pandemic. It engages a cross-national and interdisciplinary case-study approach to show how countries carved out exceptions to public health protocols for migrants. In the immigration context a variety of governments weaponized public health protocols to criminalize and exclude migrants. The Trump Administration sadistically misplayed the pandemic at almost every turn. Trump came to power on the backs of migrants, referring to them as murderers and rapists. The intersection of Trump’s COVID-19 and migration policies carved out space for the exceptional dehumanization of migrants in 2020-21. This reprint documents the weaponization of public through crimmigration. Crimmigration is the criminalization of migration and migrants via state-of-the-art surveillance and militarized technologies. During the worst of COVID-19, crimmigration strategies--mandatory detention and harsh exclusions— exacerbated the risk of transmission among migrants. Policies not migrants were to blame here. The ostensibly public health related Title42 actually pushed migrants, already at great risk, into unregulated shantytowns controlled by Mexican drug cartels. Additionally, migrants contended with detention facilities, medium security prisons, that functioned as Petrie dishes for the disease. We hope this reprint contributes to understanding the intersection of public health and crimmigration, and border penologies during these exceptional times.
    Keywords: coronavirus ; immigration detention ; migration enforcement ; detention abolition ; detention ; immigration ; human rights ; healthcare ; access to justice ; crimmigration ; deportation ; return ; COVID-19 ; pandemic ; securitisation ; threat prioritisation ; Australia ; New Zealand ; welfare ; exclusion ; surveillance ; attrition ; incarcergration ; decriminalization ; detention standards ; alternatives to detention ; conditions of detention ; COVID ; racial apathy ; white ignorance ; institutional legitimacy ; governing through migration ; The Netherlands ; discourse ; border practices ; asylum seekers ; economic migrants ; Poland ; pushbacks at the border ; COVID-19 pandemic ; governmental xenophobia ; migrants/refugees ; vaccination ; Greece ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The purpose of this Special Issue on inclusive research is to capture internationally, “How far have we come?” and “Where do we need to go?” Such questions are relevant now that it has been close to two decades since Walmsley and Johnson (2003) first introduced the inclusive research paradigm in their text, Inclusive research with people with learning disabilities: past, present, and futures. Within this Special Issue we have reprinted 18 articles that promote inclusive research as a paradigm that has succeeded in transferring power to people with intellectual disabilities who were once the "researched" to now being and becoming the "researchers". The articles draw upon the work of co-researchers both with and without the lived experience of disability who have adopted inclusive research as a paradigm to redress the exclusion of people with intellectual disabilities as researchers. All the 18 articles have an eye on the future and are sequenced across the following themes: the individual impact of being and becoming an inclusive researcher; building inclusive research relationships as a duo; being part of an inclusive research network; and using inclusive research to push boundaries and facilitate issues of importance identified by people with disabilities. The reprint concludes with two articles where inclusive researchers of long standing reflect on how to continue to walk forward on the road that aided by this reprint will become more well-travelled?
    Keywords: university ; higher education ; intellectual disability ; inclusive education ; autoethnography ; Down Syndrome ; action research ; design research ; inclusion ; social workers ; intellectual disabilities ; inclusive research ; participatory research ; developmental disability ; mental health ; collaborative groups ; qualitative research ; creative methodologies ; people with intellectual disabilities ; profound intellectual and multiple disabilities ; belonging ; intersubjectivity ; disability studies ; COVID-19 ; lived experience ; disability ; community researchers ; prisoners ; former prisoners ; criminal justice system ; inclusive employment ; collaborative autoethnography ; ethnography ; collaboration ; pandemic ; relationships ; research methods ; health ; rehabilitation ; assistive technology ; consumer-led ; employment ; students with intellectual disability ; sex education ; sexuality and gender identity ; sexual abuse ; inclusive ; research ; learning/intellectual disability ; impact ; life history ; rights ; community ; capacity building ; policy ; and practice ; funding ; co-design ; co-researching ; research with people with intellectual disability ; research with people with learning disability ; advocacy ; self-advocacy ; manifesto for inclusive research ; accessible academic literature ; space and non-accessible space ; down syndrome ; quality of life ; happiness ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This Special Issue includes 14 contributions, with 2 review contributions and 12 research contributions. The review contributions provide a survey with an overview of the state of the art in detecting and projecting cyber-attack scenarios, and the review of a specific application area, the safety of autonomous haulage systems in the mining environment related to both cybersecurity and communication. 10 research contributions are addressing the area of advanced services for intrusion detection systems: (a) the use of different machine learning models depending on the specific scenarios and datasets; (b) the use of deep learning techniques for the detection of zero-day attacks; (c) a proposal of an integrated scalable framework aimed at efficiently detecting anomalous events on large amounts of unlabeled data logs; (d) a spatiotemporal characterization of cyber-attacks for detecting such attacks; (e) a two-stage intrusion detection system for industrial control networks; (f) a chatbot for detecting online sex offenders, based on an artificial conversational entity (ACE); and (g) an open-source platform for manipulating both streaming and archived network flow data in real time. This Special Issue also contains two protection-related research contributions, including: (a) a countermeasure for on–off web defacement attacks and (b) the evaluation of multi-path routing as a protection feature against network attacks and failures.
    Keywords: cybersecurity ; machine learning ; intrusion detection ; cybersecurity awareness&nbsp ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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  • 27
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The diversity of wood and non-wood forest products is enormous and reflected in their anatomical, physical and chemical properties as well as their potential applications. Special attention should be given to lesser-known species and even to invasive species, which may be profitable when properly managed, thereby decreasing the overexploitation of threatened species. Besides the market importance of stem wood, other tree components and non-wood forest products, often regarded simply as forest residual materials, are valuable forest resources with various potential applications that can strengthen the circular economy. Assessing the characteristics of these diverse materials, such as their structure and anatomy as well as their physical and chemical properties, is fundamental for evaluating their potential and increasing high-quality end-uses. This knowledge will also contribute to sustainable forest management with enhanced forest diversity and species conservation in addition to the reinforcement of certification and environmental policies.
    Keywords: Calamus zollingeri ; Calamus ornatus ; dynamic vapor sorption ; basic density ; volumetric swelling ; white rot ; mold ; Quercus suber L. ; seasonal variation ; cuticular waxes ; leaves ; new species ; morphology ; wood ; properties ; chemical composition ; spectroscopy ; chemometrics ; unconventional species ; Quercus suber ; cork borer ; cork ; phenolics ; tropical species ; wood anatomy ; wood density ; wood color ; multivariate analysis ; species diversity ; dark-brown zone ; lenticular filling tissue ; quantitative anatomical characteristics ; Quercus variabilis ; reproduction cork ; scanning electron microscopy ; sclereid ; virgin cork ; Cytisus scoparius ; liquefied ; optimization ; eco-valorization ; agro-industrial residues ; Asparagaceae ; lignocellulose ; crystalline cellulose ; syringyl/guaiacyl ; anatomy ; Tilia amurensis Rupr. ; Tilia mandshurica Rupr. & Maxim. ; branch ; wood properties ; papermaking material ; tropical timber ; color parameters ; mid-infrared spectroscopy ; FTIR ratios ; environmental factors ; West African Sahel ; Cupressus funebris Endl. wood ; wood knots ; physical properties ; wood color properties ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNA Agribusiness and primary industries::KNAL Forestry industry
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  • 28
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: New scientific advances in different areas have allowed the design of more precise strategies for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders through nutrition. In this context emerges the term Precision Nutrition, a new approach that takes advantage of scientific knowledge about the interaction of internal and external environmental factors to develop dynamic and precise nutritional recommendations. Therefore, Precision Nutrition includes personalized advice based on genetics and well-documented gene–nutrient–phenotype interactions, as well as other factors such as individual metabolome, transcriptome, and microbiota profile; food behavior; and dietary, physical activity, and life-style habits; and the resulting interactomes. Precision Nutrition should be based at least on three sequential steps: conventional nutritional approaches (considering age, gender, and physiological states); the incorporation of nutritional and health status information (e.g., metabolites, physical and nutritional behavior); and the genetic baggage including multiomics functional integration.
    Keywords: dietary parameters ; carbohydrate intake ; obesity ; single nucleotide polymorphism ; CLOCK gene ; rs3749474 ; sodium intake ; hypertension ; single-nucleotide polymorphism ; personalized nutrition ; dietary vitamin A ; body fat ; UCP ; retinoic acid ; PBMC ; genetic variant ; weight loss ; nutrigenomics ; dietary intervention ; FTO gene ; dietary protein ; dietary carbohydrates ; dietary fat ; macronutrients ; gene-diet interaction ; glucose homeostasis ; glaucoma ; polygenetic-risk scores ; gene-gene interaction ; gene-nutrient interaction ; precision medicine ; childhood ; insulin resistance ; adipokine ; metabolomics ; biomarkers ; ELOVL ; metabolic alterations ; Mexican population ; Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ; pediatrics ; cardiometabolic risk factors ; precision nutrition ; eating behavior ; nutrigenetics ; microbiota ; metabolic syndrome ; Mediterranean diet ; genetic risk score ; HELENA ; adolescents ; sex ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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  • 29
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Herein we describe some molecular aspects of the recent anti-COVID-19 research, including some approaches making use of natural remedies, especially from medicinal plants, in silico methods, and different experimental procedures that led to the discovery of novel targets of SARS-CoV-2 and consequently novel potential COVID-19 therapeutics. COVID-19 vaccines also find mention in this book with also a description of some adverse effects reported in some cases. Considering that the different beta coronaviruses present certain conserved biomolecular mechanisms and, thus, some common therapeutic targets, finding effective therapies for a specific member of their family (such as SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV) even in a scenario of a reduced impact at the time of the related disease on humankind is still relevant as it could offer or inspire efficacious therapeutic strategies not only in the context of novel pathogenic mutations of the already known beta coronaviruses, but also when future zoonoses caused by other beta coronaviruses will emergence, which is not unlikely to occur in the current world where the interactions between humans and wildlife are made more and more frequent due to the growing loss of intact ecosystems worldwide.
    Keywords: coronavirus infections ; pandemics ; natural compounds ; clove ; Syzygium aromaticum ; eugenol ; eugeniin ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; phytochemicals ; herbal medicine ; catechin ; polyphenol ; tea leaf extract ; theaflavin ; virucidal activity ; MERS-CoV ; S1-NTD ; pharmacophore modeling ; ADME ; quantum mechanical calculation ; DFT ; FMO ; MM/GBSA ; molecular docking ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; HOMO ; LUMO ; COVID-19 vaccine ; disseminated intravascular coagulation ; heparin induced thrombocytopenia ; platelet factor 4 ; thrombosis ; thrombotic thrombo-cytopenic purpura ; vaccine induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis ; disinfectants ; ethanol ; hand hygiene ; ozonated water ; slightly acidic electrolyzed water ; virucidal mechanism ; coronavirus ; renal disease ; nephrotoxicity ; reno-protective effect ; green tea ; epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) ; flavonoids ; natural products ; medicinal plant ; SARS-Cov-2 nsp10 ; structural similarity ; fingerprint ; ADMET ; toxicity ; main protease ; triazole ; docking ; MD simulation ; drug ; proteomic ; vaccine ; immunology ; biomarker ; cheminformatics ; phytocompounds ; systems pharmacology ; anti-COVID-19 ; drug repositioning ; molecular dynamic simulations ; binding free energy ; signal peptide ; RBD protein ; secretion ; mutant ; nucleocapsid or nucleoprotein ; structure-based drug discovery ; alphafold model and molecular dynamics ; neuroinflammation ; brain fog ; neuropeptides ; neurotransmission ; metabolism ; NSAIDs ; inflammation ; ketoprofen ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
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  • 30
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The reprint focuses on the latest research in cybersecurity and data science. Digital transformation turns data into the new oil, so the increasing availability of big data, structured and unstructured datasets, raises new challenges in cybersecurity, efficient data processing and knowledge extraction. The field of cybersecurity and data science fuels the data-driven economy. Innovations in this field require strong foundations in mathematics, statistics, machine learning and information security. The unprecedented increase in the availability of data in many fields of science and technology (e.g., genomic data, data from industrial environments, network traffic, streaming media, sensory data of smart cities, and social network data) ask for new methods and solutions for data processing, information extraction and decision support. This stimulates the development of new methods of data analysis, including those adapted to the analysis of new data structures and the growing volume of data. The papers included in this reprint discuss various topics ranging from cyberattacks, steganography, anomaly detection, evaluation of the attacker skills, modelling of the threats, and wireless security evaluation, as well as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. Given this diversity of topics the book represents a valuable reference for researchers in cybersecurity security and data science.
    Keywords: steganography ; network security ; steganography detection ; steganalysis ; machine learning ; big data ; IoT ; pattern mining ; wireless communications ; covert channel ; dirty constellation ; wireless postmodulation steganography ; phase drift ; drift correction modulation ; undetectability ; security ; quadrature amplitude modulation ; spam ; phishing ; classification ; augmented dataset ; multi-language emails ; cybersecurity ; data protection ; SoC ; threat agents ; motivation ; opportunity ; capability ; user profiling ; implicit ; modeling ; real-time user monitoring ; complexity threat agent ; threat assessment ; network traffic analysis ; convolutional neural networks ; network traffic images ; visualization of traffic ; classifiers ; e-mail ; ham ; data science ; datasets ; cyber threats modeling ; multi-agent systems ; cyber deception ; pseudorandom sequences generators ; prime numbers ; additive Fibonacci generator ; statistical characteristics ; android device ; BrainShield ; hybrid model ; malware detection ; Omnidroid ; image processing ; BOSS database ; ensemble classifier ; deep learning ; stegomalware ; traffic analysis ; network probe ; hash function ; SHA-3 ; FPGA ; cognitive security ; cyberattacks ; game software ; threat matrix computing ; evaluation function ; data modeling ; authentication ; bit template ; information-processing electronic device ; Poisson pulse sequences generators ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This reprint focuses on exploring the relationship between urban form, mobility, and social well-being across neighborhoods, cities, and regions. Understanding more about these relationships is helpful in shaping integrated sustainable urban planning and transport development strategies. All reprint chapters primarily contribute to the existing literature on the interdisciplinary field of the impact of urban planning and transport on social well-being and facilitate novel ways of measuring the abstract concept of well-being, particularly in Asian and European countries. We suggested that further research could explore these themes in greater depth by means of both theoretical frameworks and methodological developments in this integrated field.
    Keywords: social well-being ; social equity ; quality of life ; behavioural change and decision making ; urban mobility ; travel behaviour ; sustainable transport development ; urban and transport modelling ; urban form ; urban planning ; sustainable cities ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint is devoted to studying RE-doped bulk and nanocrystalline materials from a scientific point of view and to presenting their possible applications in any field. This reprint is intended to serve as a unique multidisciplinary forum covering all aspects of science, technology and applications of rare-earth-doped crystals, starting from the growth techniques with specific attention to the optical and spectroscopic properties of these materials and their applications.
    Keywords: luminescence thermometry ; phosphors ; Er3+ ; Judd–Ofelt ; Slater integrals ; anisotropy ; particle synthesis ; luminescence ; europium-doping ; Lu(OH)2Cl ; Lu2O3 ; europium luminescence ; charge compensation ; niobium ; microwave synthesis ; hafnia ; dispersion ; photoluminescence ; co-precipitation ; anti-counterfeiting ; CaWO4 ; nanoparticles ; in situ TEM ; ion irradiation ; thermal annealing ; ceria ; rare-earth orthochromites ; magnetization reversal ; magnetocaloric effect ; phosphor ; Eu3+ ; niobates ; Judd-Ofelt ; quantum efficiency ; refractive index ; microwave heating ; cerium oxide ; temperature field ; morphology ; SrWO4 ; fingerprint ; K0.3Bi0.7F2.4 ; nanophosphors ; lanthanide ; infrared spectroscopy ; Nd-luminescence ; yttria-stabilized zirconia ; Tb4O7-doped ; annealed in H2/Ar atmosphere ; optical properties ; optical floating-zone method ; saturation spectroscopy ; LYB ; ytterbium ; erbium ; spectral hole ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
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  • 33
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The intention of this Special Issue is to focus on new aspects of drug discovery, including the search for new molecular targets of various diseases, the creation of new modern methods for diagnosing diseases, the development of new test systems and kits for assessing the selectivity and effectiveness of new drugs, the study of the molecular mechanisms of biologically active compounds, the formulation of new drugs, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies, and preclinical trials of important molecules.
    Keywords: Streptococci ; antimicrobials ; QSAR ; MD simulation ; Kunitz-type peptides ; neuroprotective activity ; sea anemones ; TRPV1 ; P2X7R ; Parkinson’s disease (PD) ; diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) ; deep neural network ; drug discovery ; drug combination ; biomarker ; cancer severity ; cancer prognosis ; MAFB ; tumor-associated macrophages ; prostate cancer ; photodynamic therapy ; magnetic resonance imaging ; ex vivo ; anti-inflammatory substance ; N-acylhydrazone ; naphthyl-N-acylhydrazone ; LASSBio-1524 analogues ; phosphacoumarin ; azomethine ylide ; cycloaddition ; anti-cancer ; cytotoxicity ; quantum chemistry ; pravastatin ; metformin ; radiation-induced intestinal injury ; minipigs ; epithelial regeneration ; inflammation ; arylazo sulfones ; DNA binding ; DNA cleavage ; DNA photocleavage ; A375 melanoma cells ; molecular docking ; radicals ; N–S bond homolysis ; platinum(II) ; five-coordinate complexes ; glycoconjugation ; cytotoxic activity ; protein X-ray structure ; lipophilicity ; natural products ; acetylcholinesterase inhibitors ; butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors ; Alzheimer’s disease ; central nervous system ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 34
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Modern materials and structures are significantly different from conventional ones. Their sizes can be orders of magnitude smaller, and their compositions are so sophisticated that traditional characteristic methods are inapplicable. Non-conventional methods are essential to tackle these issues, which must often be approached in an interdisciplinary fashion. This Special Issue is a collection of articles that shed light on these problems.
    Keywords: analytical solution ; Fourier cosine series ; vibrations ; FGM rectangular plates ; Mindlin plate theory ; phased array transducer ; transducer optimization ; beam focusing ; pulse–echo mode ; harmonic generation ; stress-free boundary ; total correction ; acoustic emission ; electrical resistance ; damage monitoring ; criticality ; natural time analysis ; nonlinear parameter ; noncontact reception ; air-coupled receiver ; aluminum samples ; corrections ; field theory ; deformation and fracture ; 7075 aluminum alloy ; electronic speckle pattern interferometry ; concrete beam ; bending ; cementitious matrix ; FRCM ; analytical model ; numerical model ; linear low-density polyethylene ; digital image correlation ; optical non-destructive testing ; speckle ; fourier scaling theorem ; gaussian filtering ; optical methods ; AlSi10Mg ; SLM ; NDE ; deep learning ; CNN ; k-fold cross validation ; non-destructive testing ; optical interferometry ; residual stress ; thermal expansion ; elasticity ; high entropy alloys ; complex concentrated alloys ; refractory metal intermetallic composites ; high entropy phases ; complex concentrated phases ; Nb silicide-based alloys ; alloy design ; biomechanics ; Achilles tendon ; beam-to-beam contact ; arbitrary cross-section ; ANCF ; lithium-ion batteries ; redox-active organic anode ; organic anode materials ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
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  • 35
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: A collection of 18 scientific papers written in honor of Professor Karlheinz Schwarz's 80th birthday. The main topics include spectroscopy, excited states, DFT developments, results analysis, solid states, and surfaces.
    Keywords: density functional theory ; Coulomb systems ; excited states ; nodal variational principle ; DFT ; anatase TiO2(101) surface ; adsorption energy ; Bader charge ; helium atom ; screened Coulomb potential ; variational Monte Carlo method ; Lagrange mesh method ; comparison theorem ; TD-DFT ; MC-PDFT ; Lie–Clementi ; Colle–Salvetti ; OLEDs ; subphthalocyanines ; UV–visible spectra ; axial substituents ; peripheral substituents ; time-dependent DFT ; hexatetra-carbon ; electrical properties ; molecular aggregates ; singlet excitons ; triplet excitons ; TDDFT ; charge-transfer states ; charge-resonance states ; Frenkel states ; localized excitations ; diabatic states ; adiabatic states ; semiconductors ; oscillator strength ; hybrid exchange-correlation functional ; non-local potential ; statistics ; methods comparison ; benchmarking ; band gaps ; atomization energy ; DFT codes ; electronic structure calculation ; numerical accuracy and precision ; kinetic functional ; Yukawa potential ; periodic DFTB ; deMonNano ; graphene ; graphite ; benzene dimers ; deposited benzene ; supported clusters ; weighted mulliken charges ; LAPW method ; APW+lo method ; all-electron DFT ; density matrix functional embedding ; density-functional theory ; householder transformation ; He atomic basis sets ; helium dimer ; He2 potential well ; correlation energy ; complete basis set ; sigma basis set ; atomic multiplet theory ; crystal/ligand-field theory ; coordination compounds ; electronic structure ; Cu2OCl2 ; Cu2OBr2 ; Cu2OI2 ; oxyhalides ; magnetic couplings ; Néel temperature ; chemical pressure ; NMR ; machine learning ; zeolites ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint includes papers from different research fields, reflecting the sectional talks presented at the 9th edition of the Scientific Conference of the Doctoral Schools from the “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, which took place in June 2021. The objective of the 2021 Conference was to bring together perspectives and challenges in doctoral research in a common forum and to provide a platform enabling doctoral researchers to meet and share state-of-the-art developments in their fields. It consists of 16 papers presented at the 9th edition of the Scientific Conference of the Doctoral Schools from the “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, in several fields such as: mechanical and industrial engineering, food science and biotechnology, electrical/electronic engineering, systems engineering and information technologies, chemistry, electrochemistry, and economic models and strategies.
    Keywords: incremental pumps ; profiling of generating tools ; helical surfaces ; Romania ; coastal area ; wind energy ; measurements ; IEC classes ; wind turbines ; mass tourism ; management model ; Constanta ; PESTEL ; Black Sea ; sustainability ; eggplant peels ; bioactive compounds ; hydrogels ; anthocyanins ; beetroot peel ; betalains ; polyphenols ; CCD-RSM ; optimal control ; metaheuristic algorithms ; evolutionary algorithms ; simulation ; ventilation on ships ; HVAC requirements ; COVID-19 ; spread the disease ; airborne transmission ; HEPA filtration ; UV disinfection ; heat recovery ; L-tryptophan ; polypyrrole ; sensor ; amino acid ; cyclic voltammetry ; chronoamperometry ; atorvastatin ; carbon nanotubes ; gold nanoparticles ; Hippophae rhamnoides L. ; carotenoids ; flavonoids ; antioxidant activity ; microencapsulation ; modulation ; electromagnetic disturbances ; electromagnetic compatibility ; military ship ; communication systems ; navigation conditions ; Danube River ; management tool ; quality function deployment ; house of quality ; enwrapping surfaces ; profiling ; geometrical methods ; tower ; wind turbine ; load ; offshore wind ; marine renewable energy ; living labs ; design thinking ; coastal zone ; integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) ; Romanian coastal zone ; Black Sea basin ; wind parameters ; historical data ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies
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  • 37
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: This reprint emphasizes the perspectives and challenges surrounding COVID-19 and obesity-related cancers, including but not limited to the risk factors of severe COVID-19 in cancer patients; the complications of COVID-19 in cancer patients; the challenges in cancer treatment and surgery; guidelines for cancer care during COVID-19; delayed diagnosis and suboptimal cancer management; the impact of COVID-19 on cancer screening, early diagnosis and cancer presentation; immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in cancer patients; psychological distress among cancer survivors; telehealth in cancer care; the role of diet and nutraceuticals in the prevention of severe COVID-19 and cancer; and the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on cancer research.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; neutropenia ; G-CSF treatment ; respiratory failure ; colorectal neoplasms ; gastrointestinal neoplasms ; immune checkpoint inhibitors ; neoplasms ; oncogenic viruses ; oncolytic virotherapy ; post-acute COVID-19 syndrome ; reactive oxygen species ; tumor escape ; SARS-CoV-2 ; thyroid cancer ; differentiated thyroid cancer ; COVID-19 severity ; inflammation ; immunity ; oxidative stress ; obesity ; SARS-Cov-2 ; oncology ; cancer screening ; clinical trials ; melanoma ; management ; pandemic ; teledermatology ; diagnostic delay ; immunotherapy ; vaccination ; lymph adenopathy ; cancer ; nutraceuticals ; supplements ; colorectal ; meta-analysis ; gynecologic oncology ; malignancy ; blood cancer ; hematologic malignancy ; leukemia ; lymphoma ; multiple myeloma ; myelodysplasia ; breast cancer ; cancer care ; screening ; surgery ; psychological distress ; cancer therapies ; immunogenicity ; safety ; vaccine hesitancy ; tumor subtype ; mortality ; intensive care unit ; medico-administrative data ; France ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 38
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Ageing is a diverse and multifaceted experience that is unique to each person. The process of ageing is lived differently according to each individual’s socio-cultural, historical, religious, and political context, among other factors. However, the stereotype of homogeneity is still one of the strongest aspects related to later life. This Special Issue covers manuscripts of original research that critically explore the experience of old age and the process of growing older from the social sciences and humanities perspectives. It also explores the topics pertaining to social gerontology, cultural and literary gerontology, environmental gerontology, gerotechnological studies, social anthropology, gender studies, body politics, sexuality, active and healthy ageing, space and place, age-friendly politics and other themes. The published articles collect arguments that show the variables and uniqueness of later life, and expand on the current theoretical frameworks in the field of age studies and beyond. The overall aim of this Special Issue was to broaden the gerontological scholarship and develop critical thought of old age and the life course beyond the merely biological processes of growing older and their sociocultural constructs. This Special Issue can be of interest to scholars, practitioners, stakeholders, care workers and individuals who are concerned with the dynamics of ageing as well as current and future dialogues on the unique experiences of ageing.
    Keywords: ageing ; older adults ; intimacy ; creativity ; strict morality ; sexuality ; theories of retirement ; rhythmanalysis ; management of time ; interdisciplinary gerontology ; busy ethic ; societal rhythms ; home ; identity ; Ireland ; place attachment ; rural ; Sweden ; women ; inclusivity ; Zimbabwe ; urban environments ; discourse analysis ; urban policy ; Africa ; ageism ; COVID-19 ; fourth age ; nursing homes ; third age ; cultural and literary gerontology ; aging and society ; agism ; popular culture and comics ; DC superheroes ; aging in place ; dementia ; cognitive changes ; design practice ; user involvement ; participatory design ; socio-gerontechnology ; active ageing ; age-friendly ; age panic ; metaphor ; neoliberal imagination ; older adults’ media practices ; older adults’ media biographies ; long-term care ; social isolation in later life ; social agency ; person-centered care ; information and communication technology (ICT) ; life course perspective ; communicative ecology mapping ; focused ethnography ; activism ; Iaioflautas ; intergenerational solidarity ; politicization ; social movements ; culture ; interdependence ; older immigrants ; religious minority ; social relationships ; older people ; public participation ; European welfare states ; gerontological responses ; pandemic management ; materiality ; corporeality ; humanoid robot Pepper ; human–robot interactions ; gender ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology::JHMC Social and cultural anthropology
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  • 39
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: In the last few years, huge amounts of progress have been made regarding remote sensing in the field of computer vision. This success and progress is mostly due to the effectiveness of deep learning (DL) algorithms. In addition, the remote sensing community has shifted its attention to DL, and DL algorithms have been used to achieve significant success in many image analysis tasks. However, with regard to remote sensing, a number of challenges caused by difficulties in data acquisition and annotation have not been fully solved yet. This reprint is a collection of novel developments in the field of remote sensing using computer vision, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. The articles published involve fundamental theoretical analyses as well as those demonstrating their application to real-world problems.
    Keywords: tropical cyclone detection ; meteorological satellite images ; deep learning ; deep transfer learning ; generative adversarial networks ; image target detection ; multiple scales ; any angle object ; remote sensing of small objects ; point clouds ; 3D tracking ; state estimation ; Siamese network ; deep LK ; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ; multilayer feature aggregation ; attention mechanism ; remote sensing image scene classification (RSISC) ; hyperspectral image classification ; variational autoencoder ; generative adversarial network ; crossed spatial and spectral interactions ; crater detection algorithm (CDA) ; R-FCN ; self-calibrated convolution ; split attention mechanism ; transfer learning ; remote sensing ; oriented object detection ; rotated inscribed ellipse ; remote sensing images ; keypoint-based detection ; gated aggregation ; eccentricity-wise ; object detection ; remote sensing image ; anchor free ; oriented bounding boxes ; deformable convolution ; three-dimensional radar imaging ; convolution neural network ; super-resolution ; side-lobe suppression ; terahertz radar ; aerial image generation ; satellite image generation ; structure map ; style vector ; high resolution image ; self-constructing graph ; semantic segmentation ; GAN ; image generation ; data augmentation ; remote sensing disaster image ; convolutional neural network ; double-stream structure ; feedback ; encoder–decoder network ; dense connections ; instance segmentation ; Swin transformer ; cascade mask R-CNN ; remote sensing image retrieval ; hashing algorithm ; binary code ; triplet ordinal relation preserving ; cross entropy ; feature distillation ; forest fire ; smoke segmentation ; Smoke-Unet ; residual block ; Landsat-8 ; band sensibility ; unsupervised domain adaptation ; bidirectional domain adaptation ; image-to-image translation ; generative adversarial networks (GANs) ; U-Net ; high-density laser scanning ; logging trails ; digital surface model ; canopy height model ; commercial thinning ; convolutional neural networks ; multiview ; satellite and UAV image ; joint description ; image matching ; neural network ; contextual information ; Anchor Free Region Proposal Network ; polar representation ; 3D object detection ; point cloud ; sampling ; single-stage ; rotated object detection ; angle-based detector ; angle-free framework ; rotated region of interests (RRoIs) ; representative points ; plastic ; UAVs ; contrastive learning ; mutual guidance ; spatial misalignment ; vehicle detection ; ANN ; automatic classification ; risk mitigation ; machine learning ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 40
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This reprint focusses on Smartness, a multidisciplinary topic, which is examined from four perspectives: Sensors, IoT, and Data Generation; Data and Information Processing; Actuation; and Digital Systems and Infrastructure. We see smartness in the way sensing is embedded in a system, the way data and information are processed, how a system interacts internally and with its environment, and whether a system is ubiquitous or limited by space (cloud-based or edge-enabled). This reprint contains a total of 14 chapters, which are grouped according to their areas of application: mobility and transportation, healthcare, industrial environments, and other urban infrastructures. This book covers a range of topics, including mobility; healthcare; image analysis; permeable pavements; solid-waste management; sensor node and gateway architectures; cloud, fog, and edge computing; air-quality monitoring; thermal anomalies and smart helmets in industrial environments; smart airports; smart districts; smart travel choices; sensor cities; artificially intelligent cities; platform urbanism; and more.
    Keywords: artificial intelligence (AI) ; artificially intelligent city ; artificially intelligence commons ; smart city ; smart urban technology ; urban informatics ; sustainable urban development ; climate change ; pandemics ; natural disasters ; sensor city ; City 4.0 ; smart urbanism ; smart governance ; disruptive urban transition ; Internet-of-Things (IoT) ; technology giants ; sensors ; transit ; bus ; transfer ; smart card ; spatial analysis ; mode choice ; internet of everything (IoE) ; 6th generation (6G) networks ; artificial intelligence ; Distributed AI as a Service (DAIaaS) ; fog computing ; edge computing ; cloud computing ; smart airport ; smart districts ; PPE ; OHS ; risk detection ; naive Bayes ; support vector machine ; convolutional neural network ; deep learning ; microcontroller ; edge-fog-cloud computing ; Internet of Things ; robotics ; autonomous driving ; image registration ; smart sensor ; real time big data ; land-use ; air quality ; particulate matter (PM10 PM2.5) ; Intelligent Transportation Systems ; functional requirements ; machine learning ; model actionability ; model evaluation ; cloud server ; customized sensor node ; customized gateway ; FLoRa simulation ; LoRa range radio ; solid waste management ; smart cities ; big data ; event detection ; road traffic ; distributed machine learning ; automatic labeling ; social media ; data analytics ; social media analytics ; Arabic tweets ; 3D microstructure reconstruction ; permeable pavement ; generative adversarial networks ; tiny AI ; tiny ML ; distributed AI as a service (DAIaaS) ; skin disease diagnosis ; healthcare ; smart societies ; smart healthcare ; reference architecture ; TensorFlow ; visually impaired ; smart mobility ; LiDAR ; ultrasonic ; obstacle detection ; obstacle recognition ; assistive tools ; green computing ; sustainability ; Arduino Uno ; smart app ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 41
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: There has been a rapid development in the academic literature over the last ten years on papers relating to individualization, personalization, patient-, client-, consumer- and person-centredness, with work on conceptual, instrumental, observational, and experimental levels. This Special Issue presents papers that can further establish the current state of science on these topics relating to personalized nursing and health care. We collected papers that highlight and further the knowledge base conceptually, instrumentally, observationally, and experimentally with sound theoretical and methodological underpinnings and implications for research, theory, and clinical work in the disciplines of nursing, medicine, allied health, and beyond.
    Keywords: anxiety ; life satisfaction ; life–work concerns ; melatonin ; cortisol ; biopsychosocial model ; obstetric complications ; patients’ rights ; student ; nursing ; personalized medicine ; HIV ; mobile health ; smartphone application ; symptom management ; nurse practitioners ; nursing home ; COVID-19 ; palliative care ; end-of-life ; dignified death ; older adults ; accidental falls ; fall prevention ; barriers ; patient compliance ; music therapy ; dementia ; caregiver ; RCT ; patient-centred care ; competence ; assessment ; instrument ; measurement ; validity ; reliability ; individual care ; nurses ; older diabetes patients ; physicians ; support ; Parkinson’s disease ; nursing training ; integrated care ; Parkinson nurse ; personalized care ; multidisciplinary care ; patient-centered ; arthritis ; autoimmune disease ; sociopsychological factors ; emotion ; depression ; self-identity ; qualitative study ; observational study ; dysmenorrhea ; kinesio tape ; auricular acupressure ; pain ; nursing care ; patient care planning ; quality of health care ; conditional inference trees ; education ; distance ; learning ; digital ; drawings ; Nigeria ; perinatal loss ; social networks ; stillbirth ; stillborn ; functional status ; health care ; hospitalization ; activities of daily living ; pelvic floor muscle exercises ; pelvic floor dysfunction ; qualitative research ; therapeutic exercise ; therapeutic adherence ; women’s health physiotherapy ; diabetes mellitus type 2 ; prediction model ; LogicRegression ; interpretability ; pelvic organ prolapse ; lifestyle changes ; women’s experience ; n/a ; foot ; foot self-care ; methodological review ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 42
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: This book focuses on fundamental and applied research on construction project management. It presents research papers and practice-oriented papers. The execution of construction projects is specific and particularly difficult because each implementation is a unique, complex, and dynamic process that consists of several or more subprocesses that are related to each other, in which various aspects of the investment process participate. Therefore, there is still a vital need to study, research, and conclude the engineering technology and management applied in construction projects. This book present unanimous research approach is a result of many years of studies, conducted by 35 well experienced authors. The common subject of research concerns the development of methods and tools for modeling multi-criteria processes in construction engineering.
    Keywords: earned value method—EVM ; time variances ; cost variances ; schedule ; cadastre ; land surveyor ; construction surveying ; building layout ; polar coordinates ; stake-out methods ; total station ; construction reports ; construction contracts ; natural language processing ; machine learning ; simulation modeling ; bridge expansion and contraction installation (BECI) ; decision making (DM) ; technical condition assessment ; analytic hierarchy process (AHP) ; whale optimization algorithm ; Tent chaotic mapping ; Lévy flight ; resilience ; baseline schedule ; uncertainty ; taxonomy ; construction project ; PERT ; theory of constraint (TOC) ; drum-buffer-rope (DBR) ; construction schedule ; monitoring progress ; construction phase ; automated monitoring ; digital tools ; as-built ; as-planned ; efficiency ; risk ; randomization ; association analysis ; tabu search ; delay ; time schedules ; project risk ; construction project management ; Time-at-Risk (TaR) ; investment-construction process model ; Monte Carlo simulation ; decision-making process ; decision modelling in construction activities ; decisions in civil engineering ; liquid cooling system ; flow calibration ; differential pressure ; experimental method ; aircraft ; building information modelling (BIM) ; automatisation ; facilities design ; domestic plumbing and sanitation ; management ; project cost ; investment schedule ; risk mitigation ; randomness ; fuzziness ; health and safety control ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This Special Issue of Geosciences focuses on the application of the cosmogenic nuclides (3He, 10Be, 14C, 21Ne, 26Al and 36Cl) in diverse disciplines in the field of earth sciences, as well as on improvements in sampling, analytical sample preparation and analytical techniques. After the past three decades, and nearly 70 years after the first application, cosmogenic nuclides have become an amazingly versatile tool for Earth scientists to disentangle the unsolved pieces of Earth's history during the Quaternary. Today, Earth scientists apply cosmogenic nuclides to establish the timing of Quaternary ice volume fluctuations, and volcanic and palaeoseismic events, to gauge surface and/or rock uplift and denudation rates and to reconstruct terrace chronologies, as well as to determine the rates and styles of local and large-scale erosion, soil development and landscape evolution.
    Keywords: Sennwald rock avalanche ; cosmogenic nuclide dating ; run-out modelling ; cosmogenic nuclides ; sediment fingerprinting ; geomorphometric analysis ; positive feedback ; Prättigau half-window ; cosmogenic 21Ne ; noble gas isotope ; mass spectrometry ; neon isotope ; 21Ne ; Ne dating ; Bruderheim chondrite ; Imilac pallasite ; CREU quartz ; glacial erosion rates ; cosmogenic 36Cl ; Swiss Alps ; limestone plateau ; Bündnerbergjoch ; nunatak ; cosmonuclides ; 10Be ; 26Al ; 3He ; 36Cl ; 14C ; MATLAB ; Octave ; cosmogenic surface exposure dating ; Jan Mayen ; background production ; nuclide production ; burial dating ; European Alps ; rock avalanche ; Dan3D-Flex runout modeling ; active tectonics ; fault scarp dating ; Gediz Graben ; western Anatolia ; earthquake ; Holocene ; isochron-burial dating ; Swiss northern Alpine Foreland ; Middle Pleistocene ; Möhlin glaciation ; Bünten Till ; soil forming factors ; chronosequences ; high-mountain soils ; proglacial areas ; erratic boulders ; LGM Glaciations ; eastern Anatolia ; glacier retreat ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: In the past 20 years, karst desertification control has produced remarkable results, and the South China karst has been a global hotspot for greening. However, in the new stage of karst desertification control, the functional lag of forest ecosystems and the insufficient supply capacity of ecosystem services are gradually becoming prominent. We not only lack systematic research on vulnerability and resilience, structure and stability, ecological assets and services, carrying capacity and ecological security, and service trade-offs/synergies and optimization in controlled ecosystems. There is still a lack of research on the ecological processes of newly constructed forests in improving ecosystem functions and services. Therefore, this reprint mainly focuses on the research improvement of forest ecosystem functions in karst desertification control. This includes the improvement mechanism of ecosystem structure, function, and services, the mechanism of ecosystem service tradeoff/synergy, and function optimization. An optimization model of ecosystem function and an improvement path for eco-product supply are introduced. The role of functional traits in the maintenance of ecological function and services is also established, and social–ecological responses to afforestation in karst desertification control are discussed.
    Keywords: structural trait ; element trait ; physiological trait ; leaf ; root ; karst ; ecosystem service supply ; value accounting ; eco-industry ; karst desertification environment ; farmland hydrological cycle ; agroforestry ; agronomic measures to water saving ; planting combinations ; investment strategy ; plant adaptability ; soil ; response ; biodiversity ; ecosystem services ; forests ; karst desertification ; plant functional traits ; structure ; landscape security pattern ; sensitivity ; landscape connectivity ; Guanling County ; Guizhou ; ecological products ; value realization ; ecological industry ; resilient landscape ; rural planning ; resilience assessment ; karst rocky desertification control areas ; karst forest ; vegetation water use strategy ; hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes ; hydrologic niche separation ; principal component analysis ; redundancy analysis ; karst rocky desertification area ; species diversity ; evaluation indicator systems ; fuzzy integrated evaluation ; karst spring ; dissolved organic carbon/nitrogen ; rocky desertification ; terrestrial ecosystem ; soil aggregate stability ; soil nutrients ; vegetation restoration ; karst rocky desertification ; forest ; karst desertification control ; loquat ; intercropping peanut ; N2O emission ; Abies fanjingshanensis ; microbial carbon use efficiency ; physicochemical indices ; bacteria ; fungus ; structural optimization ; water and fertilizer regulation ; functional improvement ; forests ecosystem ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint entitled "Nanomedicine Based Drug Delivery Systems: Recent Developments and Future Prospects" contains 14 articles in total. This includes one editorial, ten research articles, and three review articles. All articles are associated with nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems for the solubility, bioavailability, and therapeutic enhancement of active drug molecules. In recent years, there has been a tremendous amount of research on nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems. This reprint has brought together prominent scientists who have explored a diverse range of applications of nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems. I believe that further clinical and toxicological studies on both animal and human models are still required to explore the complete potential and commercial exploitation of nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems. The diverse and critical perspectives within this reprint provide sufficient information on the development, characterization, and evaluation of nanomedicine-based drug delivery systems.
    Keywords: bioflavonoid ; droplet size ; hepatoprotective effects ; luteolin ; SNEDDS ; cancer ; smart nanocarriers ; drug targeting ; nanoparticles ; stimulus for drug release ; bioavailability ; ciprofloxacin ; lipid-based colloidal carriers ; ocular delivery ; turmeric rhizome extract ; turmeric oil ; curcumin ; HepG2 ; anticancer ; quality by design ; quality planning ; initial risk assessment ; critical factors ; thermosensitive liposomes ; thin-film hydration method ; dental diseases ; essential oils ; herb ; natural products ; nanotechnology ; regulations ; tedizolid-phosphate ; chitosan ; antibacterial ; eye-irritation transcorneal-permeation ; drug delivery ; contraception ; levonorgestrel ; liposomes ; microneedle ; sustained-release ; apremilast ; psoriatic arthritis ; pharmacokinetics studies ; solubility ; dissolution ; oral bioavailability ; functionalized fullerenes ; fullerenols ; antibiotics ; gentamicin ; antibacterial properties ; cytotoxicity ; skin fibroblasts ; nanomedicine ; tedizolid ; antimicrobial ; nanocrystals ; eyeirritation ; ocular pharmacokinetics ; transcorneal permeation ; quality by Design (QbD) ; nano-pharmaceuticals ; pharmaceutical industry ; polyamidoamine dendrimers ; erlotinib ; non-small-cell lung cancer ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: After almost two decades of continuous development in bio, circular, and green economy, the time is ripe for the assessment of the major achievements and challenges that private and public enterprises face today to further enhance these global sustainability concepts. Due to the central role of political incentives for the development and implementation of environmentally friendly and sustainable practices, the present book project focuses on the nexus between public policies, institutions, quality of public sector management, and patterns of interaction between government and private businesses in backing bio, green, and circular economy practices and eco-innovation. In addition, the project also accommodates surveys that elaborate on the differences between the implementation of new organizational forms and scientific innovations in technologically advanced and developing settings.
    Keywords: energy demand ; renewable energy ; biomass ; energy policies ; organizational factors ; healthcare waste management practices ; public hospitals ; Libya ; consumers ; cluster analysis ; sustainable consumption ; mass media ; social media ; green hydrogen ; green hydrogen value chain ; developing countries ; renewable energy sources ; hydrogen strategy ; scaling ; upscaling ; scaling innovation ; innovation diffusion ; innovation ; systematic literature review ; garbage sorting ; urban garbage disposal ; rural garbage disposal ; willingness ; family life ; neighbourhood ; COVID-19 ; Pakistan economy ; economic scale ; Keynesian theory ; mitigation ; economic revival measures ; innovations ; renewable power ; rebound effect ; low-carbon economy ; carbon pricing policy ; border carbon tax ; Sino–US trade friction ; export grab effect ; firm innovation ; GDP prediction ; feature selection ; deep learning ; temporal convolutional network ; organizational sustainability ; social and economic sustainability ; knowledge sharing ; organizational agility ; organizational behavior ; sustainable organizations ; economic sustainability ; consumer experience ; sustainable commerce ; online consumer behaviour ; e-commerce platform ; online purchase intention ; online customer engagement ; energy security ; energy policy ; energy resources ; sustainability ; bibliometrics ; circular business model ; open business model ; sharing economy ; circular economy ; peer-to-peer ; electricity trading ; green product ; green consumer behavior ; environmental responsibility ; environmental concern ; green purchasing decisions ; green business ; consumption dimension ; production dimension ; financial dimension ; technological dimension ; fundraising campaigns ; social networking sites ; NPO ; humanitarian response ; Kuwait ; Bahrain ; Guatemala ; forest ; property rights ; community concession ; entrepreneurship ; forest sustainability ; economic development ; free-market environmentalism ; Latin America ; consumption coupons ; purchase probability ; inventory optimization ; minimum-cost maximum-flow ; bioeconomy ; green growth ; eco-innovation ; environmental Kuznets curve ; EKC ; environmental economics and policy ; ecological economics ; resource management ; sustainable development ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: It is currently apparent that extracellular ATP's physiological effect is mediated by its interaction with specific purinergic receptors. All purinergic receptors are divided into P1-purinoreceptors and P2-purinoreceptors. Each of the subtypes is divided into a number of families. For instance, P2 receptors are divided into P2X and P2Y receptors according to the mechanism by which their effect is realized: P2Y are G-protein-coupled receptors, while P2X receptors are ligand-operated ion channels. P2X receptors are important molecular therapeutic targets, the malfunctioning of which leads to severe complications in the physiology of humans and animals and causes dangerous diseases. The search for compounds that can modulate the function of purinergic receptors can lead to the creation of new drugs that are effective in central and peripheral nervous system and immune system disease treatment, including neuroinflammation, hypoxia/ischemia, epilepsy and neuropathic pain. In this Special Issue, we wish to offer a platform for high-quality publications on the latest advances in the identification of P2X/Y- and P1-receptor blockers, functions and regulation by them; the characterization of these receptor signaling networks and crosstalk; mechanisms underlying the role of purinoceptors in neurodegenerative illnesses as well as chronic neuronal changes following acute noxious damage and therapeutic opportunities associated with regulation of purinergic receptor activity.
    Keywords: adenosine receptors ; adipogenesis ; osteogenesis ; adipose tissue ; bone marrow ; obesity ; neonatal seizures ; development ; ATP ; purinergic signalling ; P2X7 receptor ; endometriosis ; adenosine ; P2Y ; P2X ; ectonucleotidases ; pain ; inflammation ; endometrium ; CD73 ; CD39 ; P2Y2 receptor ; P2X4 receptor ; canine ; dog ; DH82 ; macrophage ; neuroinflammation ; antinociception ; cerebral ischemia ; oxygen-glucose deprivation ; A2B receptors ; oligodendrocyte differentiation ; demyelination ; retina ; purinergic modulation ; glycinergic neurotransmission ; microglia ; neurodegeneration ; glycine transporters ; guanosine ; stroke ; neuroprotection ; purinergic signaling ; purinergic receptors ; autoimmune disease ; astroglia ; G protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) ; neurite outgrowth ; montelukast ; NG2 ; ex vivo organotypic brain slice co-culture ; neurodegeneration and neuroregeneration ; n/a ; macrophages ; P2X7R ; pore formation ; inflammasome activation ; inflammatory diseases ; gallic acid ; visceral pain ; depression ; hippocampus ; spinal cord ; dorsal root ganglion ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: The reprint provides the most relevant and state-of-the-art in the field, including recent developments in the production of natural compounds from various bioresources, and their formulations as bioactives. This reprint also covered the engineered approaches for enhanced biological properties and their potential applications. Identification of novel compounds and bioprocess tools to improve the quantity and quality of bioactive compounds and their formulations are exclusively covered in this reprint.
    Keywords: anti-solvent ; enzymatic saccharification ; EMIM-Ac ; ethanol ; ionic liquid ; lignocellulosic biomass ; recycling ; agro-industry ; microencapsulation ; bioactive compounds ; in vitro digestion ; yogurt ; cannabis ; cannabinoids ; postharvest ; drying ; curing ; storage ; biosynthesis ; pre-treatments ; sorption isotherm ; Raphanus sativus L. ; recombinant IFN-α2a ; apoptosis ; antiviral and antitumor activity ; Japanese knotweed rhizome bark ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; virus neutralization test ; nano-formulation ; nutraceuticals ; prebiotics ; nanofabricated delivery system ; liposomes ; nano-emulsions ; Abelmoschus manihot ; neurodegenerative disease ; oxidative stress ; proliferation ; inflammation ; nucleotide excision repair ; Actinosynnema pretiosum ; ansamitocin P-3 ; ssgA ; AdpA ; morphological differentiation ; pomegranate ; pomace ; extraction ; biological activity ; functional beverages ; sensory quality ; vitamins ; formulation ; homogeneous systems ; hydrophile–lipophile balance ; Emblica officinalis ; phytochemicals ; hyperlipidemia ; pharmacology ; nanoformulation ; Prunus mume ; vasorelaxant ; hypertension ; angiotensin receptor blockers ; agro-waste ; valorization ; value-added bioproducts ; micro/nano encapsulation ; agri-food-pharma applications ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: The field of healthcare is constantly evolving and advancing with new technologies and innovations. Among these, assistive technologies, robotics, and automated machines are rapidly gaining ground as powerful tools to improve the quality of care and enhance patient outcomes. From wearable devices that monitor vital signs to surgical robots that assist in complex procedures, these technologies have the potential to revolutionize the way we deliver healthcare. The development and the integration of assistive technologies, care robots, and automated machines are strategic both as single components, when paired together, and when interconnected in the health domain.This reprint explores the latest developments in assistive technologies, robotics, and automated machines in the health domain, providing a comprehensive overview of their applications and potential impact. The reprint is for the benefit of healthcare professionals, researchers, engineers, and students interested in these rapidly evolving fields.
    Keywords: n/a ; rehabilitation ; virtual reality ; upper extremity ; virtual rehabilitation ; Facebook advertisements ; personalized advertisements ; social media ; precision medicine ; public health informatics ; public health communications ; consumer health informatics ; population health ; human immunodeficiency virus ; diagnosis ; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ; regulation ; artificial intelligence ; digital radiology ; medical devices ; child patient ; care robot ; caregiver ; hospitalization ; testing ; motor coordination ; screening tool ; robotic exoskeletons ; servo motor ; brushless ; brushed ; actuators ; torque ; centre mass ; clinical decision ; U-Net ; CNN ; CAD system ; brain tumor ; classification ; segmentation ; humanoid social robot ; older adults ; living alone ; loneliness ; social isolation ; home-based ; spinal cord injuries ; assistive technology ; tongue barbell piercing ; tongue drive system ; inductive tongue control system ; rehabilitation robot ; assistive technology sports rehabilitation ; continuation therapy ; degenerative diseases ; elder ; telemedicine ; expectation confirmation theory ; trust typology theory ; personal privacy concerns ; urination and defecation care ; automation ; multi-sensor fusion detection algorithm ; stroke ; gait robot ; goal setting ; Remote Monitoring Digital Solutions (RMDSs) ; elderly patient ; mental and emotional decline ; COVID-19 ; exoskeleton device ; gait ; robot ; personal satisfaction ; physical fitness ; orthodontics ; AI ; ChatGPT ; AI Treatment Assessment ; Teledentistry Cephalometrics ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBG Medical equipment & techniques
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This reprint covers 27 papers published in the Special Issue entitled “Corporate Finance, Governance, and Social Responsibility,” which examines several topics related to corporate finance, financial modeling, corporate governance, and corporate social responsibility. Corporate finance-related articles (Anton and Afloarei Nucu, 2021; Bae et al., 2023; Kedzior et al., 2020; Lääts and Lukason, 2022; Miglo, 2020; Mihail et al., 2021; Mota and Moreira, 2023; Tsolas, 2021; Tudose et al., 2021; and Wen et al., 2021) focus on the drivers of the capital structure and firm performance, the effect of working capital management on profitability, and the link between derivative use and profitability. Regarding financial modeling, stock market volatility was explored during COVID-19 (Gherghina et al., 2021). Corporate governance studies (Aluchna and Kuszewski, 2020; Ararat et al., 2021; Ding and Chea, 2021; Kjærland et al., 2020; Lourenço et al., 2021; Lukason and Camacho-Miñano, 2020; Maier and Yurtoglu, 2022; Mihail and Dumitrescu, 2021; Mihail et al., 2022; Mihail and Micu, 2021; and Pourmansouri et al., 2022) examine the effect of corporate governance compliance practices, board attributes, or employee stock option plans on bankruptcy risk, performance, firm value, or earnings management. Regarding CSR (Bozos et al., 2022; Rossi et al., 2021; Saeed and Sroufe, 2021; Singh and Hong, 2023; and Tseng and Shih, 2022), the research focuses on how CSR affects financial performance, risk management, or analyst profits estimates.
    Keywords: capital structure ; New Technology-Based Firms (NTBFs) ; internal and external innovativeness ; intangibility ; corporate governance ; information disclosure ; timeliness of financial reporting ; law violation ; private firms ; corporate governance best practice ; corporate governance compliance ; company value ; Warsaw Stock Exchange ; accrual earnings management ; Nordic model ; zero-debt policy ; flexibility ; tax shield ; free cash flow problem ; debt overhang ; dividend policy ; emerging economy ; profitability ; working capital management ; employee stock option plans ; executive compensation ; firm performance ; New Zealand ; financial derivatives ; Shenzhen stock exchange of China ; state-owned companies ; private-owned enterprises ; performance ; measurement of performance ; EVA ; strategies ; business success ; Romanian stock market ; volatility clustering ; autocorrelation ; COVID-19 ; GARCH models ; vector autoregression model ; Granger causality ; CSR practice ; financial performance ; environmental social and governance (ESG) ; board size ; independent board members ; return on equity ; Romania ; boards of directors ; Egypt ; gender diversity ; Egyptian Revolution ; investor relations ; Bucharest Stock Exchange ; firm efficiency ; data envelopment analysis (DEA) ; pharmaceutical, cosmetic and detergent (PCD) firms ; Greece ; agency ; corporate social responsibility ; information environment ; distress risk ; trade credit ; LGBT ; market value ; resource-based theory ; sexual orientation and identity ; simultaneous equations ; protection of minority investors ; stock market development ; economic growth ; board diversity ; CEO characteristics ; board committees ; ownership concentration ; agency theory ; COVID-19 pandemic ; Iran ; global economy ; financial management ; corporate social responsibility reports ; mandatory disclosure ; mandatory assurance ; analyst forecast accuracy ; analyst forecast dispersion ; board independence ; bankruptcy risk ; Europe ; corporate sustainability ; environmental ; social ; failure risk ; nonbinding voting ; shareholder activism ; systematic risk ; risk management practices ; performance outcome ; strategy ; supply chain ; capital budgeting ; capital budgeting practices ; footwear industry ; metalworking industry ; manufacturing ; SMEs ; equity investments ; property and liability insurers ; financial crisis ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics and emerging economies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The use of telemedicine and mobile devices is growing, and sensors might aid in creating creative solutions. Developing these solutions is crucial for monitoring senior citizens, lifestyles, and medical procedures. This Special Issue’s goal was to bring together academics and professionals in healthcare and medicine interested in using information and communication technologies (ICT) to serve people with special needs. The development of assistive technology for various users to follow sports and other activities is strongly tied to this study area. Data protection is crucial, and the development of these solutions for medical uses should be verified. The security and privacy of the information may be tied to other recognized research projects for their acceptability. ICT research has considerably improved quality of life and has fully assimilated all citizens into society through medical rehabilitation and assistive technology. The technologies and research fields that influence medical informatics include databases, networking, graphical user interfaces, data mining, machine learning, intelligent decision support systems, and specialized programming languages. Because mobile devices are commonly used for several everyday chores and are equipped with sensors that monitor various physical and physiological indicators, it is crucial to encourage the development of m-Health and e-Health solutions for healthcare practitioners. In this area, several solutions are now being developed. In addition, they can collaborate with emerging technologies for social assistance while enhancing life quality.
    Keywords: data privacy ; taxonomy ; IoT ; COVID-19 ; mobile application ; accelerometer sensor ; stand-up time ; total time ; aging ; linear-map convolutional neural network ; direct acyclic graph ; action recognition ; spatial feature ; temporal feature ; frailty ; home monitoring ; user-centered design ; usability ; user experience ; acceptance ; activity recognition ; Internet of Things ; smart house ; deep learning ; channel state information ; glaucoma screening ; retinal images ; segmentation ; classification ; precision nutrition ; food plans ; machine learning ; food logging ; Eight Hop Test ; systematic review ; measurement ; sensors ; diseases ; wrist-wearable device ; PPG processing ; physiological parameters ; web-based applications ; data analysis ; elderly monitoring ; successful aging ; gerontechnology ; AAL ; healthcare ; prevalidation ; deployment ; chronic heart failure ; large-scale pilot ; H2020 ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This overview of the most recent advances in the field of SMA research and applications in civil engineering aims to help remove the knowledge barriers across disciplines and sheds considerable light on the opportunity to commercialize SMA products in the construction industry.
    Keywords: seismic analysis ; rocking pier ; shape memory alloy ; ECC material ; bridge engineering ; television transmission tower ; seismic excitation ; shape memory alloy damper ; parametric study ; vibration control ; shape memory alloys ; engineered cementitious composites ; composites materials ; self-recovery capacity ; bending behavior ; machine learning ; artificial neural networks ; superelastic ; parameter identification ; constitutive model ; thermodynamic parameters ; shape memory alloy (SMA) ; self-centering SMA brace ; loading rate ; initial strain ; energy dissipation coefficient ; self-centering ; beam-column joints ; seismic performance ; iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) ; shape memory effect ; martensitic transformation ; prestressing ; low cycle fatigue ; seismic ; damping ; transmission tower ; wind excitation ; SMA damper ; energy response ; viscoelastic ; brace ; hybrid control ; seismic resilience ; self-centering rocking (SCR) piers ; seismic fragility ; resilience ; life-cycle loss ; ferrous shape memory alloys ; prestress ; recovery stress ; relaxation ; thermomechanical behavior ; fatigue ; active materials ; low-cost SMAs ; civil engineering applications ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials::TNKX Conservation of buildings and building materials
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue, entitled “Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: Bridging Health and Food Under a New Perspective”, aims to approach the current state-of-the-art research on nutraceuticals and functional foods. The main issue in this field of research is the sustainability and recovery of bioactive substances from vegetal- or animal-origin byproducts to project and realize novel food supplements and nutraceuticals. Low environmental impact, safety, new food sources and analytical methodologies are of growing interest in the research area of food. The perspective approach addresses the mechanism of action of nutraceuticals, safety and functional foods and nutraceuticals’ mechanisms of action, revealing new possibilities for their use as tools in a complementary proactive approach to certain health issues to prevent the onset of health conditions or to be used in subjects who do not qualify for a conventional therapeutical approach. The areas involved in this perspective range from food chemistry and analysis to nutrition and from safety to sustainability; new therapeutical approaches and novel techniques of analysis and formulation are also involved, which require a wide inter- and multi-disciplinary approach. The overall assessment of these aspects creates new challenges for research and also impacts sustainability, health and safety. This Special Issue may also consider the bridging of health and food in their different declinations from a new perspective.
    Keywords: Food and by-products ; Functional foods and novel sources ; Health and beneficial properties ; Nutraceuticals and novel sources ; Prevention ; Clinical data ; In vitro and in vivo data ; Nanonutraceuticals and nanodelivery ; Clinical experience ; Formulation and novel sources ; Mechanism of action ; Analytical aspects ; Safety ; Interactions with active molecules. ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Multicomponent pharmaceutical materials are solids in which at least one component is an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). This kind of pharmaceutical solid has attracted interest in the past decade as a promising alternative to the laborious and expensive process of traditional pipeline drug development. The application of crystal engineering techniques into the design of pharmaceutical salts, co-crystals, and other multicomponent materials, in addition to the achievement of more environmentally friendly synthetic approaches, has succeeded in modulating the physicochemical, mechanical, and pharmacokinetic properties of drugs, thereby working toward the enhancement of their clinical performance. This Special Issue welcomed original research articles and reviews devoted to all aspects related to the field of multicomponent pharmaceutical solids. Our interests include the fundamentals of applied research, using theoretical and experimental approaches, the development of synthetic methods, the screening of multicomponent materials, structure–activity rationale, the salt–co-crystal continuum identification, the enhancement in physicochemical/mechanical/pharmacokinetic performance, as well as the functionality and applications of multicomponent pharmaceuticals solids.
    Keywords: solvate ; polymorph ; bilastine ; crystal structure determination ; single crystal X-ray diffraction ; structure determination from powder diffraction ; aripiprazole ; multicomponent crystal ; crystal structure ; solubility ; drug–drug cocrystal ; furosemide ; ethenzamide ; piroxicam ; mechanochemical synthesis ; amorphous drug ; characterization methods ; crystallization ; physical stability ; molecular mobility ; aminoglutethimide ; eutectic mixture ; melt phase diagram ; nucleobases ; multicomponent solids ; crystal engineering ; DFT ; H-bonding ; pyridinecarboxamides ; cocrystals ; mandelic acid ; X-ray structure ; DFT calculations ; xanthines ; theophylline ; squaric acid ; controlled release ; dissolution ; lidocaine ; mechanochemistry ; multicomponent materials ; API ; pharmaceutical solids ; diclofenac ; pharmaceutical solid forms ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue of Atmosphere, “Atmospheric Aqueous-Phase Chemistry”, comprises ten original articles dealing with different aspects of chemistry in atmospheric liquid water. Liquid water in cloud and fog droplets and in moist aerosol particles is ubiquitous in the atmosphere. Dissolved species from the soluble aerosol fraction, as well as soluble trace gases, undergo chemical reactions in the aqueous phase via different mechanisms, usually yielding different products from those in the gas phase. In addition to their different reactivity, the chemical species solubility determines their fate in the atmosphere, i.e., their involvement in gas-phase or aqueous-phase chemistry.The articles of this Special Issue can be divided into three groups: (i) the first is mostly based on field measurements and/or combined field and modeling studies giving insights into the chemical characterization of different atmospheric liquid water samples from various environments; (ii) the second group is focused on studies of aqueous-phase reactivity of some important atmospheric organic compounds; and (iii) the final group comprises articles based on predictive modeling and/or combined modeling and laboratory studies providing insight into aqueous secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation.
    Keywords: secondary organic aerosol ; isoprene epoxydiol ; aqueous aerosol ; cloudwater ; reduced sulfur species ; marine aerosols ; water-soluble fraction ; voltammetry ; mercapto-type compounds ; Rogoznica Lake ; atmospheric processes ; rate constants ; atmospheric pollutants ; advanced oxidation processes ; brown carbon chromophores ; biomass burning ; photooxidation ; nitration ; nitrophenols ; methylnitrocatechols ; mass absorption coefficient ; organic carbon ; surface-active substances ; trace elements ; long-range transport ; dibenzothiophene ; intermediate-volatility organic compounds ; aqueous phase ; brown carbon ; PM2.5 ; air quality ; aerosol liquid water ; OH radicals ; dicarboxylic acids ; succinic acid ; pimelic acid ; aqueous phase chemistry ; absorbance ; modeling ; Puy de Dôme station (PUY) ; cloud chemistry and physics ; air mass history ; oceanic vs. continental influences ; partial least squares (PLS) regression ; atmospheric aqueous-phase chemistry ; multiphase chemistry ; organic pollutants ; inorganic species ; kinetic studies ; mechanistic studies ; chemical mechanisms ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: We are honored to announce this reprint, containing contributions from the top experts in the field of logic and fuzzy logic. In total, this reprint consists of 10 papers that were selected from more than 20 submissions. The 10 papers comprising the reprint are the product of re-known experts in fuzzy logic from all over the world, such as Canada, Poland, China, Slovakia, Lithuania, Turkey, Pakistan, Germany, Serbia, Portugal, Taiwan, Norway, India, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, and Mexico. We expect that the papers comprising the Special Issue will contribute to an advancement in the state of the art in the fields of logic and also fuzzy logic.
    Keywords: fuzzy-sets ; fuzzy-random variables ; distribution generating function ; fuzzy binomial distribution ; Fuchs distribution ; MADM ; Aczel–Alsina operations ; IVIFNs ; IVIF Aczel–Alsina geometric aggregation operators ; interval type-3 fuzzy theory ; fuzzy control ; manufacturing ; Vietè’s method ; Newton–Raphson method ; regula falsi method ; testing of algorithms ; foundations of mathematics ; arithmetic ; set theory ; spatial fuzzy C-means ; COVID-19 ; rustbelt states ; extrapolation ; interpolation ; proving ; refuting ; improving ; fuzzy set ; linear Diophantine fuzzy sets ; linear Diophantine fuzzy relations ; level cut relations ; rough approximations on two universes ; decision analysis ; multi-valued logic trees ; hydraulic proportional valve ; weighting factors ; optimization ; granular computing ; formal concept analysis ; intuitionistic fuzzy sets ; periodicity ; spatial and temporal aspects ; knowledge discovery ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This reprint focuses on the current progress in sports medicine, with a specific interest in surgery, exercise therapy, and multi-disciplinary research. With the advancement of society, more attention is paid to the quality of life, which emphasizes the importance of sports and exercise. Correspondingly, there is a great need for sports medicine. This issue collected novel findings on sports medicine in surgery, conservative therapy, and the application of exercise training in other disorders
    Keywords: shoulder ; rotator cuff ; allografts ; demineralized bone matrix ; biologics ; diabetes mellitus ; aerobic training ; resistance training ; vascular function ; meta-analysis ; femoroacetabular impingement ; hip arthroscopy ; longitudinal capsulotomy ; femoroplasty ; labrum repair ; degenerative lumbar diseases ; albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio ; spinal fusion rate ; prognostic marker ; arterial hypertension ; exercise hypertension ; blood pressure ; exercise testing ; sports injuries ; machine learning ; injury prediction ; sports monitorization ; elite football ; performance ; systemic inflammation ; physical endurance ; physical fitness ; maximal aerobic capacity ; gingivitis ; cardiac rehabilitation ; exercise therapy ; balance exercises ; cardiovascular diseases ; ACLR ; hamstring tendon with preserved tibial insertion ; MRI ; T2 ; cartilage volume ; gait retraining ; running-related injuries ; kinetics ; kinematics ; rehabilitation ; rotator cuff tear ; rotator cuff repair ; bone quality ; osteopenia ; osteoporosis ; anchor pullout ; pullout strength ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Novel Anticancer Strategies (Volume II) reviews important findings and updates within the cancer therapy field of great interest to those in academic research studying the development and validation of novel anticancer approaches. The Editor invited preeminent specialists to contribute to original and review articles devoted to key areas of major progress and expectations. Key Features:Nanoparticle-based drug delivery in cancer therapy;Nanoerythrosomes;Cancer immunotherapy;Therapeutic vaccines;Oncogenic and tumor suppressive components of the cell cycle;Antimitotics in cancer clinical trials;Multifunctional enzymes as anti-cancer drug targets;Targeting undruggable proteins and non-coding RNAs;Cell-penetrating peptides;Repurposed cancer drugs in clinical trials;Circulating tumour cells.
    Keywords: Breast cancer treatment ; Photodynamic therapy ; Inorganic nanoparticles ; Active targeting ; cathepsins ; BAX ; MOMP ; ubiquitination ; apoptosis ; chemotherapy ; cancer ; nanoerythrosome ; nanoerythrocyte ; nanovesicles ; biomimetic ; cancer therapy ; diagnostics ; imaging agents ; cell cycle ; cyclin-dependent kinase ; p16 ; p21 ; p27 ; breast cancer ; prognosis ; drug delivery ; HL60 ; leukemia ; prodrug ; resistance ; retinoic acid ; vitamin K ; drug repurposing ; COVID-19 ; pandemic ; vaccination ; multi-drug resistance ; enhanced permeation and retention effect ; nanotherapeutics ; cancer theranostic ; clinical translation ; cell-penetrating peptides ; protein transduction domains ; tumor imaging ; targeted therapies ; dog ; comparative oncology ; molecular targets ; spheroids ; tumoroids ; hydrogel ; collagen ; agarose ; mammary spheroids ; tissue engineering ; cisplatin ; melanoma ; melanin nanoparticles ; cytotoxicity ; laser medical applications ; hyperthermia ; antimitotics ; mitotic slippage ; spindle assembly checkpoint ; clinical trials ; TRAIL ; cancer stem cells ; TRAIL resistance ; angiogenesis ; on-demand drug delivery systems ; electrospun nanofibers ; poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) ; gold nanorods ; paclitaxel ; β-Cyclodextrin ; SPIONs ; metallodrugs ; RAPTA derivatives ; phosphino-amine ligands ; CTCs ; NSCLCs ; metastasis suppression ; curcumin ; flavonoids ; TNBC ; immunotherapy ; immune checkpoint ; nanocarrier ; combinational immunotherapy ; lung cancer ; miRNA ; oncomiRs ; photodynamic therapy PDT ; porphyrin ; iron oxide nanoparticles ; mesoporous silica nanoparticles ; antibody functionalization ; targeted drug delivery systems ; molecular-targeted therapies ; multifunctional enzymes ; HCC ; CHRNA5 ; metastasis ; stemness property ; sorafenib sensitivity ; neoantigens ; vaccine ; Patched ; chemotherapy resistance ; metastases ; persistent cells ; adrenocortical carcinoma ; BUB3 ; mitosis ; senescence ; anticancer target ; boron neutron capture therapy ; 4-borono-l-phenylalanine ; drug discovery ; solubility ; mebendazole ; polymer ; HPMA ; controlled drug release ; PLK1 ; BI2536 ; Navitoclax ; slippage ; PD-1 ; gemcitabine ; new anti-cancer drugs ; precision medicine ; undruggable targets ; non-coding RNAs ; oligonucleotide therapeutics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Nowadays, diet-related non-communicable diseases and their complications are one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Food supplements and functional foods are considered food products which contribute to the achievement of optimal nutritional well-being, health status, and quality of life through reducing the risk of diseases and promoting the appropriate function of human organs and systems. Nowadays, the assessment of these functional foods and the study of their implications in nutrition and health are important challenges in societies of developed countries where consumers increasingly demand foods with added value beyond the provision of nutrients and the satisfaction of appetite. In this reprint, the characterization of the nutritional composition and phytochemicals of functional foods and food supplements as well as the evaluation of their potential health benefits in different disorders and diseases through clinical trials or preliminary studies are addressed.
    Keywords: food supplement ; folic acid ; pregnancy ; food safety ; health claims ; nutrition ; Amazonian fruits ; composition ; metabolic effects ; royal jelly ; acetylcholine ; fatty acid ; ophthalmology ; dry eye ; magnesium ; pharmacy ; food supplements ; drugstore ; functional foods ; healthy eating ; credibility ; extrinsic attributes ; conjoint analysis ; Mediterranean diet ; phytonutrients ; dietary recommendations ; healthy diet ; polyphenols ; flavonoids ; carotenoids ; organosulfur ; caffeine ; antidiabetic activity ; antioxidant activity ; inhibition of α-glucosidase ; inhibition of α-amylase ; inhibition of collagenase ; kombucha ; bacteria ; yeast ; metagenome ; metabolome ; tea polyphenols ; antioxidants ; Glossogyne tenuifolia ; exercise ; forelimb grip strength ; lactate ; ammonia ; creatine kinase ; medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) ; obesity ; energy expenditure ; diet-derived fat ; postprandial resting metabolism ; sedentary ; octanoic acid ; decanoic acid ; creatine ; magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; cost-effectiveness ; brain ; muscle ; healthcare ; anthocyanins ; organosulfur compounds ; tannins ; phenolic acids ; Persea americana ; non-alcoholic liver disease ; liver enzymes ; inflammation ; oxidative stress ; novel foods ; novel ingredients ; extracts ; risk assessment ; dietary supplements ; HPLC ; food authenticity ; neural tube defects ; food ; food analysis ; food ingredients ; infant formula ; kynurenic acid ; (poly)phenol-based supplement ; pharmacokinetics ; urinary excretion ; bioavailability ; inter-individual variability ; non-invasive brain stimulation ; TMS ; a-tDCS ; indicaxanthin ; brain food ; cortical excitability ; homeostatic plasticity ; trans-resveratrol ; regulation ; labels ; nutrition claims ; high-performance thin-layer chromatography ; HPTLC ; glutamine ; intestinal stem cells ; crypt ; proliferation ; burns ; micronutrient ; health claim ; labeling ; European legislation ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This book focuses on advanced research topics on human lactation, such as breastfeeding experiences, milk composition and production, COVID-19 and human milk, food allergens in human milk, the human milk microbiome, and the impacts of human milk on infant growth and development. The symposium proceedings aim to add diversity, passion, and innovation to lactation research and have a positive impact on mothers, infants, and communities worldwide, showcasing integrative mother/infant-centered research.
    Keywords: thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Various molecular techniques based on omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics) and phylogenetics have been applied in biological sciences. Molecular dynamics and approaches evolved over time into various quantitative tools that allow researchers from multiple disciplines to design different studies. The molecular-based techniques can be comprehensive and systematic, as they allow identification, resolve genetic differences, molecular docking, and prediction models of ecological niches and taxonomic ranks. Investigating genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques utilize a novel class of DNA elements, such as microsatellites from mitochondria and chloroplast and retrotransposons, resulting in genetic variations using molecular data. In addition to this, the advantages and limitations of molecular approaches have been well studied and acknowledged. The combination of molecular phylogenetic and omics techniques and expression and pathways analysis may greatly increase our capacity to understand and develop new molecular mechanisms and stress responses in biological systems. Furthermore, these techniques offer extensive opportunities for researchers to develop targeted therapy approaches and disease diagnoses using molecular data. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how data from diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies. The study and applications of molecular approaches hold significant potential for advancing genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques in biological sciences.
    Keywords: autophagy-related protein ; degradation ; ubiquitin ; proteasome ; autophagy ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; Cry toxin ; nematicidal activity ; pore-formation ; diabetes ; vaccines ; clinical trials ; insulin ; GLP ; nitric oxide ; antioxidants ; metal-stress related transcripts ; rice ; Pb-stress ; Aurisin A ; beta-cyclodextrins ; inclusion complex ; lung cancer ; ruxolitinib ; JAK inhibitor ; rheumatoid arthritis ; molecular modeling ; TOR ; photosynthesis ; cell growth ; AZD8055 ; Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa ; ovarian cancer ; somatic BRCA mutational status ; digital pathology ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; super-secondary structure ; 3β-corner ; folding nuclei ; structure stability ; H Ferritin subunit ; PRDX6 ; protein-protein interaction ; seed-specific transcription factors ; signaling pathways ; seed size ; seed development ; juvenile idiopathic arthritis ; transcriptome-wide association study ; gene-based association analysis ; enrichment analysis ; gene regulatory network ; computational cancer biology ; precision medicine ; oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) ; data bank ; AlphaFold 2.0 ; graph neural network ; protein features ; nasopharyngeal carcinoma ; bioinformatics ; genes ; melon ; CmSUN ; IQ67 domain ; expression analysis ; overexpression phenotype ; fruit shape regulation ; protein interaction ; smooth muscle titin ; protein aggregates ; amyloid aggregation ; amyloids ; cross-β ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: We are facing a complicated public health issue in the form of global drug shortages, including antibiotics. Synthetic biology empowers the next generation of antibiotics development, bringing us into a new era.
    Keywords: global regulator ; milbemycins ; Streptomyces bingchenggensis ; SspH ; actinorhodin ; avermectin ; ceftriaxone ; hepatotoxicity ; metal complexes ; oxidative stress ; Streptomyces ; comparative transcriptome ; polyether antibiotics ; salinomycin ; exporter genes ; spectroscopic studies ; antioxidant capacities ; hepatic functions ; cancer cells ; cefotaxime ; Inonotus hispidus ; natural product ; biological activity ; medicinal fungi ; phytochemicals ; antimicrobial agents ; biosynthetic pathway ; secondary metabolites ; 1-benzazepine ; l-kynurenine ; genome mining ; biosynthesis ; iterative methyltransferase ; genetic dereplication ; cyclodipeptide ; OSMAC ; cytotoxicity ; Zymomonas mobilis ; antibiotic resistance ; ampicillin ; genome editing ; CRISPR−Cas12a ; resistance selection markers ; traditional Chinese medicine ; antifungal drug ; immune regulation ; combination of drugs ; fungal infection ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This volume 'Sustainability in Heritage and Urban Planning’ represents an extraordinary collection of papers spanning a broad spectrum of topics at the intersection of sustainability and heritage in urban planning. These articles included here are intellectually stimulating and vital in our contemporary context. From adaptive reuse of cultural landscapes to passive strategies in vernacular architecture, and from commercial culture's impact on urban structures to sustainable management of historic greenery, these articles cover a wide spectrum of crucial subjects. Each article contributes unique insights to the fields of architecture, heritage, urban planning, and sustainability. Explore these articles and join the conversation on shaping our built environment and cultural heritage.
    Keywords: [cultural historic heritage] ; [circular economy] ; [historic centers] ; [integrated adaptive reuse projects] ; [vernacular housing] ; [passive design strategies] ; [urban heritage] ; [cultural value] ; [sustainable urban renewal] ; [urban regeneration] ; [historic district] ; [spatial morphology] ; [conservation strategy] ; [cultural landscape] ; [intangible cultural heritage] ; multi-methodological assessment] ; [economic feasibility] ; [financial sustainability]. ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Transportation is one of the most crucial aspects across the world, supporting the daily life of human beings and the sustainable development of the whole of society. Generally, meteorology causes various impacts on transportation operation, safety and efficiency. In the context of global warming, increasing numbers of extreme weather and climate events (such as fog, icy roads, and extreme winds) have been detected worldwide and are expected to occur more frequently in the future. Meanwhile, extreme events, such as dense fog, rainstorm, and blizzard, tend to damage transportation and traffic facilities (such as express ways, port, airport, and high-speed railway) and induce serious traffic blocks and accidents. In recent decades, concentrated and continuous efforts have been made to carry out meteorological analyses regardless of urban traffic or transportation conditions, including those of highways, shipping, aviation, etc. A number of methods and techniques have been intensively developed to promote the qualities of both observations and forecasts. More recently, state-of-the-art machine learning frameworks have also been widely introduced into studies regarding transportation meteorology and many other fields.
    Keywords: transportation meteorology ; pavement temperature prediction ; deep learning ; BiLSTM ; attention mechanisms ; winter icing ; air pollution ; traffic vitality ; built environment ; spatial correlation ; spatial lag model ; phone signaling data ; air quality ; behavioral habits ; activity density ; population distribution ; land use mix ; wind forecast ; error decomposition ; bias ; distribution ; sequence ; urban meteorology ; observation ; forecast ; early warning ; review ; China ; low-level wind shear ; ensemble learning classifiers ; Bayesian optimization ; SHapley Additive exPlanations ; wind shear ; go-around ; machine learning ; dynamic ensemble selection ; civil aviation safety ; pilot reports ; self-paced ensemble ; Shapley additive explanations ; climate change ; climatology ; sea ice ; marginal sea ; East Asia ; time-series modeling ; pavement temperature ; nowcasting ; variation characteristics ; forecast validation ; relative humidity ; microwave radiometer data ; total rainfall ; precipitation duration ; vertical distribution ; Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region ; rail breakage ; frequency ; high-speed railway ; Siberian high ; teleconnection ; temperature ; Qinling mountains ; rainfall ; change characteristics ; geographical factors ; highways ; road blockage ; fuzzy analytic hierarchy process ; CRITIC weight assignment method ; road network vulnerability ; spatiotemporal distribution ; precipitation forecast ; ConvLSTM ; PredRNN ; expressway ; agglomerate fog ; risk level prediction of fog-related accidents ; meteorological conditions ; road hidden dangers ; traffic flow conditions ; visibility ; Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea ; observation data ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TR Transport technology and trades
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: This reprint addresses healthcare transformation towards personalized, participative, preventive, predictive, and precision medicine (5P Medicine) with the support of new technologies such as micro-, nano-, and bio-techniques, as well as artificial intelligence and learning systems. It focuses, therefore, on the representation and management of knowledge from different domains and their actors, using their methodologies and languages but also individual skills and experiences. The outcome is a system-oriented, architecture-centric, ontology-based, policy-driven approach allowing a formal representation and management of health ecosystems, including their integration and interoperability. Such development is accompanied by security, privacy, and ethical challenges to be resolved. The reprint describes the principles, methodologies, and standards for successfully managing the transformation of health and social care, illustrated by many practical examples and implemented use cases. The reprint is based on papers published in the context of the pHealth 2021 Conference in Genoa, Italy. However, the content goes far beyond the focus and size of the original papers.
    Keywords: syntactical parsing ; natural language processing ; electronic health records ; Node2Vec ; automatic text labeling ; graph algorithms ; mobile application ; mHealth ; digital technology ; emergency service ; hospital ; emergency department ; clinical laboratory information systems ; communication ; text messaging ; pediatrics ; postoperative risks ; aortic aneurysm ; integrated data ; predictive modeling ; feature extraction ; machine learning ; privacy ; trust ; modelling ; antecedents ; Fuzzy attractiveness rating ; didactic ; Healthcare IT ; citizens ; E-Learning ; digitalization ; digitization ; patient empowerment ; education ; healthcare communications ; surgical biobank ; post-traumatic arthritis ; osteomyelitis ; semantic data integration ; system theory ; biomedical ontologies ; knowledge representation ; ascending aortic dilatation ; aneurysm ; risk factors ; echocardiography ; social media ; physical activity ; chatbot ; health ; participatory health ; usability ; conversational agent ; behavior change ; genomics ; security ; modular architecture ; GIPAMS ; standards ; Markov model ; periprosthetic joint infection ; revision arthroplasty ; total hip replacement ; decision trees ; oncohematology ; epilepsy risk ; epilepsy modeling ; COVID-19 ; pneumonia ; dynamical Bayesian networks ; treatment trajectories ; auto ML ; eHealth ; data democratization ; health data infrastructure ; privacy-enhancing technologies ; hospital-acquired infections ; international coding system ; laboratory information systems ; information extraction ; stress detection ; individual learning ; centralized learning ; federated learning ; smartwatch ; health transformation ; ecosystems ; knowledge representation and management ; architecture ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Since early diagnosis and optimal treatment selection are crucial to improving the prognosis of these diseases, the discovery of useful biomarkers has the potential to greatly reduce their burden. Recent technical and mechanical developments have allowed for the detection of tiny differences in various factors modified in physical conditions, which could contribute to the discovery of novel biomarkers for some diseases.In this Special Issue, we aim to focus on novel biomarkers for GI cancers, including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer and biliary cancer. In addition, any samples (tissue, blood, urine and feces) are useful as biomarker sources, although body-fluid-based biomarkers are promising as diagnostic biomarkers due to their noninvasiveness. This Special Issue aims to collect novel insights clarifying the current situation and future perspective in this field.
    Keywords: colorectal cancer ; advanced adenoma ; screening ; stool ; mRNA ; n/a ; cancer screening ; cirrhosis ; AFP ; machine learning ; MALDI-TOF ; proteomics ; CXCR4 ; prognosis ; overall survival ; rectal cancer ; neoadjuvant chemoradiation ; mouse model ; biomarkers ; urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) ; urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) ; plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) ; circulating tumour cell (CTC) ; gastric cancer ; oesophageal cancer ; serine proteases ; tumour microenvironment ; serpins ; biomarker ; chemoresistance ; liquid biopsy ; microRNA ; long non-coding RNA ; colorectal neoplasms ; cancer screening tests ; early detection of cancer ; precision medicine ; unfolded protein ; hepatocellular cancer ; GSVA ; unfolded protein score ; epigenetic regulation genes ; somatic mutations ; molecular genetic markers ; extracellular vesicles ; microbiome ; 16S rRNA amplicon ; metagenomics ; liver fibrosis ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; recurrence ; SHG/TPEF microscopy ; artificial intelligence ; advanced gastric cancer ; targeted therapy ; urinary miRNA ; miR-129-1-3p ; miR-566 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: There has been significant growth in branches of industry directly related to new materials, such as metals, polymers, and composite materials. Considering the increase in material costs, it has become exceedingly important to produce lightweight constructions through the use of certified materials with appropriate mechanical properties. Many composite materials, especially in building engineering, are characterized by the use of waste materials, allowing them to meet environmental demands and often also positively affecting the performance (as well as mechanical) properties of the whole construction. A similar phenomenon has been noticed in polymers and metals, with the “ecologically friendly” factor having increasing influence in such materials. The main aim of our Special Issue was to gather novel research results concerning different materials available for all important industries—building engineering, the heavy industry, automotive, aerospace, and medicine. Such a general title has been proposed to also include different manufacturing technologies using various materials—conventional (milling, casting, forming, and turning) and novel (hybrid and additive manufacturing).
    Keywords: additive manufacturing ; powder bed fusion ; 316L stainless steel ; ultrasonic atomization ; gas atomization ; three-point bending ; polyamide-based composites ; fused filament fabrication ; concrete additives ; concrete fibers ; concrete strength tests ; threshold effect ; flake graphene ; graphene oxide ; reduced graphene oxide ; lubricants ; grease ; fatigue life prediction ; CuZn37 brass ; machine learning ; IPCs ; ceramic preform ; ceramic–elastomer composite ; silane coupling agent ; hot isostatic pressing (HIP) ; wettability ; mechanical properties ; mechanical engineering ; laser powder bed fusion ; 21 NiCrMo2 steel ; process parameters ; post-heat treatment ; torsional strength ; cellular structures ; 20MnCr5 Steel ; cement–glass composite bricks ; digital image correlation analysis ; material extrusion ; PET-G ; waste disposal ; hybrid additive manufacturing ; lattice structures ; hot isostatic pressing ; fatigue behaviour ; polymer–straw boards ; thermoplastic polymers ; annual plants ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The reprint showcases a review and empirical studies on life satisfaction and its related aspects. The studies are from several countries on a wide range of samples including university students, faculty, nurses, entrepreneurs, adolescents, national databases, refugees, and community samples.
    Keywords: preference-based health-related quality of life ; refugee ; EQ–5D–5L ; post-migration stressors ; self-efficacy ; recreation specialization ; flow experience ; life satisfaction ; mediating effect ; Gallup World Poll ; New Zealand ; wellbeing ; trust in government ; social security fairness ; social security satisfaction ; social entrepreneur ; exit intention ; prosocial motivation ; gender ; nurses ; quality of life ; protective factors ; coping strategies ; type of practice ; COVID-19 ; ageism ; stereotypes ; discrimination ; work engagement ; conscientiousness ; physical well-being ; subjective well-being ; activities of daily living ; health ; physical activity ; post-COVID-19 condition ; work ; community home-based elderly care ; Chinese older adults ; kindness interventions ; materialism ; satisfaction with life ; self-determination theory ; emotional intelligence ; resilience ; self-esteem ; university students ; happiness ; positive affect ; family functioning ; developmental age ; systematic review ; youth ; adolescence ; normative stressors ; interpersonal stressors ; school stressors ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JM Psychology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This reprint is the result of a Special Issue, which took place in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) during 2022-2023. The general topic of the reprint discusses the different uses, protection and promotion of food, always from a broad perspective, through 15 innovative research papers, from both qualitative and quantitative methodological approaches.
    Keywords: health ; values and preferences ; red meat ; processed meat ; cross-sectional study ; mixed methods ; explanatory sequential ; survey ; food consumption ; well-being ; dietary patterns ; sustainable consumption ; consumer behaviour ; food well-being ; subjective well-being ; social influence ; food choice ; climate-friendly eating ; social media ; political consumerism ; children’s health ; functional diversity ; commensality ; self-esteem ; shame ; loneliness ; aquaculture ; food heritage ; carp ; consumer preferences of Young Adult Populations ; marketing place ; sustainability ; consumer attitudes ; organic food ; consumer behavior ; sustainable food ; food surveys ; food change ; food policies ; sociology of food ; obesity ; edible insects ; alternative proteins ; planetary health ; systematic review ; gastronomic routes ; Iberian ham ; olive oil ; wine ; Córdoba ; ARIMA ; food ; gastronomic tourism ; social media data ; outdoor dining environment preference ; rural restaurants ; human-oriented ; rural sustainable development ; food label ; consumer purchase intention ; attitude ; food delivery app ; online food delivery ; online-to-offline (O2O) ; COVID-19 ; post-pandemic ; thematic review ; food preferences ; entomophagy ; nutrition surveys ; food neophobia ; cultural domains ; pile sorts ; food risk ; trust ; distrust ; pregnancy ; breastfeeding ; prehabilitation ; ERAS ; endometrial cancer ; surgery ; protein supplementation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue explores the fascinating topic of urban heat islands (UHIs), examining them from temporal and spatial perspectives. We embark on a journey that focuses on the essential impacts of UHI formations, including land use composition, city characteristics, and anthropogenic factors. Our objective is to raise awareness of the many facets of UHIs and their significant effects on urban environments and sustainability. This collective aim is to further strengthen urban sustainability through a deeper understanding of UHI dynamics. This volume includes a wide range of topics related to UHIs, including cutting-edge methods and datasets for capturing UHI phenomena. We investigate the spatial interactions between UHI intensity and land use/cover distribution within metropolitan areas, examine the geographic patterns and processes underlying UHIs in sprawling cities, and analyze the spatial differences in UHI intensity between developing and developed countries. Additionally, we focus on UHI catastrophe mitigation and adaptation measures, which are crucial for setting sail for a sustainable urban future. Finally, we engage in the critical work of prediction and scenario analysis, equipping policymakers and urban planners with the insights necessary for informed decision-making. We express our thanks to the researchers, academics, and contributors who have made this Special Issue possible as we begin this investigation into urban heat islands. We aim to foster a comprehensive understanding of UHIs and contribute to the broader discourse on urban sustainability.
    Keywords: cooling effect ; distance analysis ; landscape pattern ; urban heat island ; urban lake ; land surface temperature ; spatial analysis ; urban agglomeration ; driving factors ; geo-detector metric ; urban heat island (UHI) ; land use land cover (LULC) ; land surface temperature (LST) ; spatiotemporal changes ; SUHI-contributing factors ; satellite imagery ; literature review ; Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) ; Land Surface Temperature (LST) ; Principal Component Analysis (PCA) ; Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) ; Machine Learning ; Naïve Bayes ; greenspace spatial patterns ; landscape metrics ; spatial autoregressive model ; seasonal variation ; functional construction land zones ; urban thermal environment ; differential surface temperature ; environmental indicators ; Shenzhen ; surface urban heat island ; SUHI ; LST ; seasonal hysteresis ; MODIS ; ESA-CCI ; Köppen–Geiger climate zones ; urbanization ; sustainable cities ; green space ; impervious surface ; Kathmandu ; temporal and spatial variation ; Zhengzhou city ; neighboring environment ; seasonal effect ; scale effect ; optimal spatial scale ; extreme gradient boosting regression ; urban vegetation ; urban heat island effect ; landscape patterns ; spatial correlation ; Landsat 8 ; urban thermal security pattern ; surface temperature ; circuit theory ; research framework ; Wuhan urban agglomeration ; China ; thermal environment ; heat island intensity ; spatio-temporal characteristics ; local spatial pattern ; land use ; regression analysis ; mono-window algorithm ; land indices ; correlation coefficients ; directional profiling ; hotspots (Getis–Ord Gi* statistics) ; MODIS night-time LST ; Prayagraj city ; air quality ; GeoDetector ; habitat quality ; urban remote sensing ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Organogels, hydrogels, and ionic gels have been investigated both in a theoretical and experimental manner. The research performed was focused on their synthesis and applications in high-performance chemistry and its important branches. All mentioned gels were characterized from structural and supramolecular points of view by FTIR, NMR, X-ray diffraction, and POM. The keywords proposed in this reprint were as follows: organogels, hydrogels, ionic gels, chitosan, and fractal analysis. These terms were extremely pertinent to this research piece, hereby presented. As a result, all reference themes, as well as those associated with them, were touched upon in this reprint. We mention that the articles in this selection focused on one or more of the topics listed above.
    Keywords: poly(aspartic acid) hydrogel ; dopamine ; three-dimensional cell migration ; hydrogel scaffold ; SH-SY5Y ; hydrogel ; biocompatibility ; antimicrobial activity ; biodegradation ; SEM image ; fractal analysis ; magnesium alloy ; anodizing process ; sol–gel ; corrosion performance ; hybrid inorganic-organic sol–gel coating ; ionogel ; vitrimer ; polythioether ; solid electrolyte ; self-healing ; grafted starch ; ionotropic gelation ; covalent cross-linking ; molecular dynamics simulation ; sorption capacity ; spent caustic ; alkali activator ; geopolymer ; immobilization ; organics ; clay minerals ; hydration product ; compound activation ; ettringite ; calcium aluminate hydrate ; cement ; Portland ; 3D printing ; additive manufacturing ; neutron scattering ; NMR ; molecular dynamics ; modeling ; gel ; admixture ; drug release ; chitosan ; dynamics ; non-differentiable scale ; multifractal curves ; copper/zinc doped TiO2 powders ; sol−gel method ; thermal behaviour ; photocatalytic activity ; antibacterial properties ; GdFeO3 ; Sol–Gel auto-combustion method ; synthesis ; characterization ; phenothiazine ; imine ; mercury recovery ; MCM-41 ; low release ; cefotaxime ; mesoporous material ; Nb-doped ITO thin films ; Sol–gel ; Optical properties ; CO detection ; modified sol–gel synthesis ; PhACs ; nanocomposites ; capping agents ; anatase TiO2 ; 5-fluorouracil ; chitosan hydrogels ; multifractal dynamics ; SEM images ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry::PNR Physical chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint of the Special Issue "BDS/GNSS for Earth Observation” highlights and discusses major aspects of Earth monitoring. Among the most noteworthy works are articles presenting variations in the plasmaspheric total electron content (TEC) and correlations between the seismo-ionospheric anomalies of GNSS-TEC and earthquake energy. Those addressing the analysis of the Earth's ionosphere employ two new methods developed for determining the optimal thin layer ionospheric height in the polar regions and for estimating the multi-GNSS differential code bias without using the ionospheric function model. In addition, the troposphere is investigated using a modified interpolation method of multi-reference station tropospheric delay. There are two papers addressing precise orbit determination, employing the Haiyang-2b altimetry satellite and GRACE-FO antenna phase center modeling. Works on GNSS signals are also published, with variations in multi-channel differential code biases from new BDS-3 signal observations, and the modelling and assessment of a new triple-frequency IF1213 PPP with BDS/GPS. Furthermore, GNSS precipitable water vapor (PWV) and its applications are discussed with regard to individual station meteorological data, while three other works examine improvements in iGNSS-R ocean altimetric precision, maritime multiple moving target detection using multiple-BDS radar, and a regional groundwater storage anomaly by combining GNSSs and surface mass load data. Lastly, a review addressing the application of multi-GNSS for Earth observation and its emerging applications is presented.
    Keywords: plasmasphere ; PTEC ; GPS ; GCPM ; F10.7 index ; GPS meteorology ; weighted mean temperature ; precipitable water vapor ; radiosonde ; NRTK ; PPP ; static ; congruence ; GNSS ; CORS ; thin layer ionospheric height (TLIH) ; mapping function ; dG-TLIH technique ; global navigation satellite system (GNSS) ; height of maximum density of the F2 layer (hmF2) ; VRS ; tropospheric delay ; interpolation ; GNSS positioning ; GNSS meteorology ; MERRA-2 ; sliding window algorithm ; tropospheric parameters ; HY-2B ; precise orbit determination ; empirical accelerations model ; satellite laser ranging ; GPS antenna phase center ; single-receiver ambiguity resolution ; single receiver ambiguity resolution ; phase center variation (PCV) calibration ; GRACE-FO satellites ; GPS time-series analysis ; common mode error ; independent component analysis ; seasonal signals ; surface mass loading ; coherent integration time optimization model ; global navigation satellite systems reflectometry (GNSS-R) ; ocean altimetry precision ; waveform correlation ; signal optimization processing ; global navigation satellite system reflectometry (GNSS-R) ; Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS) ; Doppler compensation ; range resolution ; BeiDou Global Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) ; Differential Code Biases (DCBs) ; multi-channel ; ionospheric correction ; earthquake energy ; total electron content ; global ionosphere maps ; seismo-ionospheric anomaly ; differential code bias (DCB) ; global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) ; multi-GNSS experiments (MGEX) ; total electron content (TEC) ; GNSS ionosphere ; GNSS-Reflectometry ; GeoHazards ; ground water storage ; surface mass load ; groundwater monitoring station ; remove-restore method ; BDS ; triple-frequency signals ; IFCB ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Advancements in medical imaging modalities have resulted in increasing the importance and demand of pediatric radiology. This reprint showcases various examples of advanced research in pediatric radiology and nuclear medicine. These include the use of medical imaging modalities such as computed tomography, general radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, and ultrasound for diagnosis, as well as the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) in computer-aided detection and diagnosis in the pediatric population. The radiation dose issue of pediatric radiological examinations and emerging AI technology for dose reduction, as well as the use of three-dimensional printing based on medical images for pediatric surgical planning, healthcare professional education, and patient–clinician communication are also covered.
    Keywords: as low as reasonably achievable ; computed tomography ; convolutional neural network ; deep learning ; dose reduction ; generative adversarial network ; image processing ; machine learning ; medical imaging ; noise ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; head ultrasound ; brain death ; infants ; ancillary test ; child ; paediatric ; infant ; adolescent ; chest X-ray ; CXR ; chest radiography ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; coronavirus ; biliary atresia ; ultrasonography ; diagnostic accuracy ; intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) ; diagnostic performance ; elastography ; three-dimensional printing ; congenital heart disease ; children ; model ; personalized medicine ; application ; confusion matrix ; disease identification ; image interpretation ; pneumonia ; artificial intelligence (AI) ; deep learning (DL) ; paediatric pneumonia ; chest radiograph ; computer-aided detection (CAD) ; cumulative ; radiation dose ; acute tonsillitis ; shear wave elastography ; stiffness ; pediatric ; magnetic resonance imaging ; infection ; neck ; emergency medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The authentication of foods and beverages is a very current topic of great interest for all the actors involved in the food chain, including the food industry, consumers, and food science researchers. Food authenticity covers many different aspects related to mislabeling, adulteration, and misleading claims about origin, production methods, or processing technologies. As many factors may affect the chemical composition of foods (e.g., geographical origin, variety or breed, conditions of cultivation, and breeding and/or feeding), the implementation of accurate, robust, and high-throughput analytical methods is needed to assess their authenticity and traceability and, consequently, guarantee their safety and quality in terms of organoleptic, nutritional, and bioactive characteristics. For these purposes, multiple analytical tools can be employed in combination with advanced chemometrics, such as spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, DNA-based methods, and state-of-the-art omics approaches. In this context, in 2020, the journal Foods launched the Special Issue “Food Authentication: Techniques, Trends and Emerging Approaches” to gather research papers and review articles dealing with the development and application of analytical techniques and emerging approaches in food authentication. Considering the success and popularity of this earlier Special Issue, we will now release a second Special Issue comprising ten valuable scientific contributions, including one review article, one commentary article, and eight original research articles.
    Keywords: rapid authentication ; handheld Raman ; NIR ; fatty acid profile ; oil qualification ; coffee authenticity ; HPLC-UV ; HPLC-FLD ; fingerprinting ; chemometrics ; food adulteration ; chicory ; barley ; flours ; fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy ; second-derivative spectrum ; red pepper powder ; geographical origin ; discriminant analysis ; SDS method ; Qiagen method ; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ; multiple attribute decision making (MADM) analysis ; Aerodramus ; coffee ; fermentation ; gastrointestinal tract ; Kopi Luwak ; civet ; characterization ; Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy ; cluster analysis ; Sherry vinegar ; spectralprint ; random forest ; support vector machine ; molecular traceability ; authentication ; agri-food ; molecular markers ; DNA barcoding ; isothermal amplification ; sequencing ; alkaline phosphatase determination ; PDO Pecorino Siciliano cheese ; raw milk determination ; vinegar ; protected designation of origin ; UV-Vis spectroscopy ; prediction ; sterols ; olive oil ; triterpenic dialcohols ; supported liquid extraction ; high performance liquid chromatography ; gas chromatography ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: In the last few years, huge amounts of progress have been made regarding remote sensing in the field of computer vision. This success and progress is mostly due to the effectiveness of deep learning (DL) algorithms. In addition, the remote sensing community has shifted its attention to DL, and DL algorithms have been used to achieve significant success in many image analysis tasks. However, with regard to remote sensing, a number of challenges caused by difficulties in data acquisition and annotation have not been fully solved yet. This reprint is a collection of novel developments in the field of remote sensing using computer vision, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. The articles published involve fundamental theoretical analyses as well as those demonstrating their application to real-world problems.
    Keywords: tropical cyclone detection ; meteorological satellite images ; deep learning ; deep transfer learning ; generative adversarial networks ; image target detection ; multiple scales ; any angle object ; remote sensing of small objects ; point clouds ; 3D tracking ; state estimation ; Siamese network ; deep LK ; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ; multilayer feature aggregation ; attention mechanism ; remote sensing image scene classification (RSISC) ; hyperspectral image classification ; variational autoencoder ; generative adversarial network ; crossed spatial and spectral interactions ; crater detection algorithm (CDA) ; R-FCN ; self-calibrated convolution ; split attention mechanism ; transfer learning ; remote sensing ; oriented object detection ; rotated inscribed ellipse ; remote sensing images ; keypoint-based detection ; gated aggregation ; eccentricity-wise ; object detection ; remote sensing image ; anchor free ; oriented bounding boxes ; deformable convolution ; three-dimensional radar imaging ; convolution neural network ; super-resolution ; side-lobe suppression ; terahertz radar ; aerial image generation ; satellite image generation ; structure map ; style vector ; high resolution image ; self-constructing graph ; semantic segmentation ; GAN ; image generation ; data augmentation ; remote sensing disaster image ; convolutional neural network ; double-stream structure ; feedback ; encoder–decoder network ; dense connections ; instance segmentation ; Swin transformer ; cascade mask R-CNN ; remote sensing image retrieval ; hashing algorithm ; binary code ; triplet ordinal relation preserving ; cross entropy ; feature distillation ; forest fire ; smoke segmentation ; Smoke-Unet ; residual block ; Landsat-8 ; band sensibility ; unsupervised domain adaptation ; bidirectional domain adaptation ; image-to-image translation ; generative adversarial networks (GANs) ; U-Net ; high-density laser scanning ; logging trails ; digital surface model ; canopy height model ; commercial thinning ; convolutional neural networks ; multiview ; satellite and UAV image ; joint description ; image matching ; neural network ; contextual information ; Anchor Free Region Proposal Network ; polar representation ; 3D object detection ; point cloud ; sampling ; single-stage ; rotated object detection ; angle-based detector ; angle-free framework ; rotated region of interests (RRoIs) ; representative points ; plastic ; UAVs ; contrastive learning ; mutual guidance ; spatial misalignment ; vehicle detection ; ANN ; automatic classification ; risk mitigation ; machine learning ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: The 10th International Conference on Modern Circuit and System Technologies on Electronics and Communications (MOCAST 2021) will take place in Thessaloniki, Greece, from July 5th to July 7th, 2021. The MOCAST technical program includes all aspects of circuit and system technologies, from modeling to design, verification, implementation, and application. This Special Issue presents extended versions of top-ranking papers in the conference. The topics of MOCAST include:Analog/RF and mixed signal circuits;Digital circuits and systems design;Nonlinear circuits and systems;Device and circuit modeling;High-performance embedded systems;Systems and applications;Sensors and systems;Machine learning and AI applications;Communication; Network systems;Power management;Imagers, MEMS, medical, and displays;Radiation front ends (nuclear and space application);Education in circuits, systems, and communications.
    Keywords: incremental power and timing optimization ; Lagrangian relaxation ; gate sizing ; multimode multicorner ; physical optimization ; two-qubit states ; quantum computers ; quantum gates ; Rabi oscillations ; single qubit quantum computer ; quantum operations simulation ; vision transformers ; computer vision ; deep learning ; artistic style recognition ; memristor model ; tantalum oxide ; memory crossbar ; nonlinear dopant drift ; window function ; LTSPICE library memristor model ; stochastic computing ; stochastic filtering ; stochastic FIR filter ; unconventional computing ; electrical masking ; interconnection delay ; Single Event Multiple Transients ; Soft Error Rate ; STA ; TCAD ; timing-masking ; transient faults ; IoT ; wireless sensor networks ; hydroponics ; smart agriculture ; Network-on-Chip ; bufferless routing ; 3D NoC ; Markov chains ; visible light communication (VLC) ; wireless communication ; analog front end (AFE) ; pre-amplification ; classification ; COVID-19 ; lightweight neural network ; medical imaging ; chest X-rays ; image sensors ; 3D pixels ; 3D sequential integration ; 3DSI ; monolithic 3D ; M3D ; coupling ; parasitic capacitances ; memristor ; emulator ; analog design ; switched capacitor ; mixed signal ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The digital economy has significantly impacted countries throughout the world by contributing to the growth of the economy and the further progress of societies. Recent developments demonstrate that the information and innovation-driven era triggered integration of traditional activities and digital technologies. Moreover, the rise of innovation has been accelerating in emerging industries such as cleantech, the new generation of information technology, biotechnology, and high-end equipment manufacturing. The estimations provided by the World Economic Forum predict that “new value creation over the next decade will be based on digitally enabled platform business models”. Therefore, organizations must change the traditional approaches adopted and capture value in the context of digital disruptions. These tendencies raise a number of management challenges that need to be solved by the efforts of the scientific community. Therefore, this Special Issue provides the platform for a fruitful discussion and the development of relevant theories.
    Keywords: leadership behaviors ; e-training ; employment security ; stress management ; employee performance ; teaching staff ; digitalisation ; hospital ; optimisation of resources ; equipment/facilities ; COVID-19 ; benefits ; savings ; leadership styles ; high-involvement human resource management practices ; small and medium enterprises ; digital era ; active learning ; growth mindset ; self-efficacy ; engagement of employees ; adaptive performance ; innovation management ; digital entrepreneurship ; creative industries ; tourism ; creative entrepreneurship ; research agenda ; e-government ; digital management ; e-leadership ; technologies ; municipalities ; stablecoins ; risks in business economics and finance ; digital trading and investment platforms ; economic sanctions ; digital currencies ; customer loyalty ; perceived service quality ; relational benefits ; relationship quality ; sustainability ; bibliometric analysis ; Scopus ; digital transformation ; labor market ; labor productivity ; unemployment ; Saudi Arabia ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics and emerging economies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The aim of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is to reduce the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere and to mitigate its effects on climate change. Over the years, naturally occurring CO2 sources have been utilized in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) projects in the United States. This has presented an opportunity to supplement and gradually replace the high demand for natural CO2 sources with anthropogenic sources. There also exist incentives for operators to become involved in the storage of anthropogenic CO2 within partially depleted reservoirs, in addition to the incremental production oil revenues. These incentives include a wider availability of anthropogenic sources, the reduction of emissions to meet regulatory requirements, tax incentives in some jurisdictions, and favorable public relations. The United States Department of Energy has sponsored several Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSPs) through its Carbon Storage program which have conducted field demonstrations for both EOR and saline aquifer storage. Various research efforts have been made in the area of reservoir characterization, monitoring, verification and accounting, simulation, and risk assessment to ascertain long-term storage potential within the subject storage complex. This book is a collection of lessons learned through the RCSP program within the Southwest Region of the United States. The scope of the book includes site characterization, storage modeling, monitoring verification reporting (MRV), risk assessment and international case studies.
    Keywords: geologic CO2 sequestration ; CO2 and brine leakage ; underground source of drinking water ; risk assessment ; response surface methodology ; early detection criteria ; multi-objective optimization ; CO2-WAG ; machine learning ; numerical modeling ; hybrid workflows ; morrow ; Farnsworth ; Anadarko ; incised valley ; geological carbon sequestration ; reactive surface area ; mineral trapping ; enhanced oil recovery with CO2 (CO2-EOR) ; geochemical reactions ; workflow ; workshop ; process influence diagram ; response surface model ; polynomial chaos expansion ; NRAP ; relative permeability ; geologic carbon storage ; multi-phase flow simulation ; life cycle analysis ; CO2-enhanced oil recovery ; anthropogenic CO2 ; global warming potential ; greenhouse gas (GHG) ; carbon storage ; CO2-EOR ; CO2 sequestration ; geomechanics ; reservoir fluid flow modelling ; tightness of caprock ; CO2 leakage ; threshold pressure ; reactive solute transport ; multi-phase fluid flow ; Farnsworth Unit ; STOMP ; GEM ; TOUGHREACT ; 4D ; time lapse ; CO2 ; EOR ; WAG ; sequestration ; monitoring ; carbon sequestration ; caprock integrity ; noble gas migration ; seal by-pass ; carbon dioxide storage ; storage efficiency factor ; probabilistic ; expectation curve ; Monte Carlo ; Farnsworth Field ; petroleum system modeling ; CO2 migration ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: System dynamics is a simulation modeling approach to strategic and policy analysis that has been applied to many health care and public health issues since the 1960s and has become increasingly prevalent since the 2000s. The ten articles in this reprint appeared in a Special Issue of Systems and cover a broad cross-section of relevant methodological topics as well as applications to specific health problems.One methodological article describes the use of cascaded system archetypes, with an application to reducing hospital congestion. Another discusses Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis, with an application to the US opioid crisis. Three of the articles describe models of community response to severe shocks, including recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Two other articles address strategies for dealing with myriad chronic diseases and risk factors in a population. Other papers include in-depth analyses of prostate cancer screening, digital prosthetic services for lower-limb amputees, and the complex behavioral health challenge of youth homelessness.This reprint provides an excellent snapshot of the current state of practice in system dynamics as it is applied to public health, health care delivery, and health policy. It offers practical policy guidance and will be of interest to both experienced practitioners and those new to the field.
    Keywords: simulation model ; public health practice ; chronic disease ; prevention ; cardiovascular diseases ; cancer ; COVID-19 ; tourism recovery ; public policy ; system dynamics ; participatory modelling ; health ; social care ; integrated care ; hospital ; delayed hospital discharges ; strategy ; congestion ; capacity ; archetypes ; unintended consequences ; population health and well-being ; equity ; stewardship ; resilience ; simulation modeling ; uncertainty analysis ; optimization ; sensitivity testing ; Monte Carlo randomization ; opioid epidemic ; prosthetics ; major lower-limb amputations ; prosthesis usage ; amputee mobility ; health care system ; health policy ; youth homelessness ; child welfare ; juvenile justice ; mental health ; public health ; decision making ; long-term conditions ; resource allocation ; complex systems ; early detection of cancer ; mass screening ; decision-making ; dissemination ; clinical practice guidelines ; evidence-based guidelines ; policy decision thresholds ; prostate cancer ; natural history of disease ; biomarker ; PSA ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Biocontrol of plant diseases is considered one of the most important and current challenges of our society due to the need to look for eco-friendly alternatives to chemicals. Thus, research towards the biological control sensu lato [antagonist microorganisms, biostimulants, Induced Resistance (IR)] of plant diseases is an urgent demand for the agro-food sector of the Euroregion as well as for our society in the frame of the European Green Deal. Exploring different biocontrol tools as well as their combined effect against plant diseases is essential to generate knowledge on such topics to look for optimum management strategies in crop protection in the frame of organic and sustainable agriculture. Within this framework, this Special Issue of Plants brings together a collection of research papers on applied plant pathology and targeted reviews of biocontrol, including studies on antagonist microorganisms, biostimulants, and host resistance-inducers against plant diseases.
    Keywords: biological control agents ; biostimulation ; resistance host inducers ; sustainable agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint contains the articles accepted for publication in the Special Issue of Micromachines (MDPI) on 'Micro/Nanophotonic Devices in Europe'. It aims at presenting an overview, limited but still representative, of the research in the field of photonics being carried out by European groups (often in collaboration with colleagues abroad). The reprint includes, among others, a review paper on photonic devices fabricated by Germanium implantation and two review articles illustrating the fundamentals of non-linear photonic phenomena and devices, and their main applications.
    Keywords: multimode interference ; square-core fiber ; temperature measurement ; strain measurement ; optical fiber sensors ; surface texture ; electrically tunable lens ; materials ; hypromellose ; surface topography ; surface roughness ; pharmaceutical tablet ; variable focus imaging ; silicon photonics ; optical waveguide ; Ge ion implantation ; annealing ; wafer-scale testing ; post-fabrication trimming ; programmable photonic circuits ; azobenzene ; photo-mobile polymers ; liquid crystals ; thermal properties ; miniaturized specimen ; digital image correlation (DIC) ; Small Specimen Test Techniques (SSTT) ; Bauschinger effect ; sheet metal characterization ; axicons ; thermo-optical devices ; beam shaping ; long focusing devices ; graphene–PDMS hetero interfaces ; toroidal dipole ; metasurfaces ; multipole expansion ; broken symmetry ; 3D printing ; microwaves ; Bloch Surface Waves ; strong coupling ; TMD ; 2D materials ; photonics devices ; nonlinear photonics ; integrated photonics ; photonic structures ; optical materials ; all-optical signal processing ; all-optical computing ; nonlinear optical sources ; all-optical communications ; all-optical digital devices ; signal amplification and frequency conversion ; all-optical signal regeneration ; supercontinuum generation ; microcomb generation ; quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy ; quartz tuning fork ; voltage-mode read-out ; front-end electronics ; signal-to-noise ratio ; gas sensing ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHJ Optical physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Since the introduction of Bitcoin in 2009, the cryptocurrency market has experienced exponential expansion. Evolving from sets of transactions primarily conducted on Internet fora into a significant market valued at over 1.2 trillion USD as of August 2023, today cryptocurrency trading occurs 24/7 on more than 600 platforms. Despite its persistent volatility, recurrent speculation bubbles and subsequent market crashes, the trading characteristics of cryptocurrency exchanges are similar to those observed in mature financial markets. Recently, the correlation between the most frequently traded cryptocurrencies, specifically Bitcoin and Etherereum, has increased significantly versus the stock indices and other financial assets, suggesting an emerging connectedness with the global financial markets. This Special Issue collected research studies that make steps towards developing a better understanding of cryptocurrency market, with a particular aim of confirming or denying the growing signs of market maturity. Most submissions focus on price fluctuations in the cryptocurrency exchanges and produce evidence of the cryptocurrency market’s evolution into a valid and interrelated component of the global financial markets. Interestingly, the events related to COVID-19 contributed to the intensification of this process. Some articles address the structure of the cryptocurrency market, including DeFi, the methods of obtaining consensus used, and the environmental impact of these transactions.
    Keywords: public-key cryptosystem ; error correcting code ; bounded distance decoding ; blockchain technology ; cryptocurrency ; Kolmogorov entropy ; DAO ; metaverse ; Bitcoin carbon footprint ; Bitcoin mining ; energy consumption ; FIGARCH ; MFDFA ; long memory ; Hurst exponent ; permanent policy ; cryptocurrencies ; noise and trend effects ; tick-by-tick data ; network structure ; community detection ; COVID-19 ; AI ; business development ; information processing ; volatility ; precision ; financial development ; bitcoin ; ADCC-GARCH ; diversifier ; hedge ; safe haven ; anomaly score ; Mahalanobis distance ; minimum covariance determinant ; shrinkage estimators ; blockchain ; edge computing ; electric vehicles ; Ethereum ; P2P charging ; DeFi ; oracle ; automated market makers ; decentralized exchange ; lending protocol ; forex market ; complexity ; entropy ; multifractal analysis ; complex systems ; financial crisis ; econophysics ; financial markets ; cross-correlations ; multiscale ; time series ; fluctuations ; correlations ; multifractality ; market maturity ; market impact ; collective dynamics ; time series analysis ; portfolio optimization ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This book highlights the role of research in Ecosystem Services and Land Use Changes in Asia. The contributions include case studies that explore the impacts of direct and indirect drivers affecting provision of ecosystem services in Asian countries, including China, India, Mongolia, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. Findings from these empirical studies contribute to developing sustainability in Asia at both local and regional scales.
    Keywords: coast ; Odisha ; Brahmani River ; climate resilience ; water management ; water quality ; hydrological simulation ; management plan ; water-energy nexus ; spatial water variability ; climate change ; thermal power plant ; Ganges River basin ; 3Rs program ; landscape sustainability ; municipal solid waste ; pig farming ; resource circulation ; resource use efficiency ; urban–rural nexus ; zero-waste lifestyle ; herder ; rangeland degradation ; perception ; traditional rangeland management practices ; Mongolia ; expansion of impervious surface ; underground space development ; deep soil excavation ; SOC loss in deep soil ; urban renovation ; Guangzhou city ; ecological sensitivity ; ecosystem service values ; CA-Markov model ; urban expansion ; Three Gorges Reservoir area ; land use ; ecosystem services ; InVEST ; topographic index ; ecosystem pattern ; wetland ecosystem ; urban wetland ; wetland ecosystem services ; Muthurajawela Marsh ; Negombo Lagoon ; sustainability ; land change modeling ; scenario modeling ; wind erosion prevention service ; revised wind erosion equation ; geo-detector ; food-energy-water security ; nexus ; weighted mean method ; indicator framework ; circulating ecological sphere ; Nagpur ; land use change ; ecosystem service value ; patch-general land use simulation (PLUS) model ; Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration ; heat stress ; WBGT index ; humidex index ; public perceptions ; payment for watershed ecosystem services ; willingness to pay ; willingness to accept ; public participation ; village tank cascade system ; land use systems ; ecosystem services mapping ; ecosystem services trade-offs ; ecosystem services-based ecological restoration ; land-use change ; hotspot analysis ; Geodetector ; central Yunnan urban agglomeration ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: The year 2021 marks the 10th anniversary of Journal of Clinical Medicine, and as one of the major sections of JCM, we are launching a 10th anniversary Special Issue in the section “Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine”. We accepted papers for the Special Issue, titled "Recent diagnostic and therapeutic advance in Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine". This medical field is a complex and wide-ranging field that deals with diseases in multiple organs such as the gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary pancreas. With recent advances in diagnostic imaging and interventional treatment, those in endoscopic diagnosis and treatment, those in functional test and those in genetic diagnosis and drug therapy, including the molecular-targeted therapy, many new medical findings have been accumulated. In this Special Issue, we looked for reports that make full use of advances in diagnostics and therapeutics in the field of Gastroenterology and Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine.
    Keywords: TXI ; sessile serrated lesion ; hyperplastic polyp ; colonoscopy ; endoscopic submucosal dissection ; colorectal tumor ; traction method ; carbon dioxide ; CO2 insufflation ; abdominal pain ; abdominal distention ; transnasal endoscopy ; health check ; tranexamic acid ; gastrointestinal bleeding ; mortality ; thromboembolic events ; liver metastases ; colorectal liver metastases ; non-colorectal and non-neuroendocrine liver metastases ; liver resection ; Crohn’s disease ; biologics ; small-molecule drugs ; health-related quality of life (HRQoL) ; gastric cancer ; gastric cancer screening ; endoscopy ; H. pylori ; eradication therapy ; n/a ; functional bowel disorders ; gut microbiota ; personalized diet ; machine learning ; personalized medicine ; Turkey ; machine perfusion ; normothermic ; hypothermic ; liver transplant ; survival ; ustekinumab ; perianal fistula ; radiological fistula remission ; metastatic pancreatic carcinoma ; FOLFIRINOX ; sarcopenia ; oxaliplatin ; L3 skeletal muscle index ; percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy ; prognostic factor ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Food systems are under increasing pressure. They must meet the food requirements of a growing world population, and socio-economic changes also influence the type of foods which are under demand. At the same time, food systems are a major contributor to global environmental change, and environmental changes adversely impact agricultural productivity. This Special Issue explores opportunities and challenges towards achieving more sustainable food systems. Essential changes required in food systems are highlighted, such as more effective food distribution, the avoidance or valorisation of food waste, and less meat consumption. How to actually achieve these required changes across food value chains is also presented. This Special Issue supports solution-oriented approaches towards addressing one of most complex challenges of this century. The reader is invited to study the publications included in this Special Issue in detail.
    Keywords: consumer attitudes ; meat avoiders ; meat reducers ; environmental concerns ; global warming ; climate change ; sustainability ; ecology ; planetary health ; food security ; land ; land use consolidation ; land-use planning ; land tenure ; rural development ; Rwanda ; tenure responsive ; tenure responsive land-use planning ; tenure security ; demographic correlates ; food access ; household ; food insecurity experience scale ; Zanzibar ; sub-Saharan Africa ; vulnerability of food systems ; food neophobia ; environmental concern ; global environmental change ; behavior change ; willingness to pay (WTP) ; organic foods ; China ; Bibliometrics ; food rescue ; convention center ; greenhouse gas emissions ; landfill diversion ; anaerobic digestion ; codigestion ; food waste ; organic waste ; energy and resource recovery ; food waste disposal ; loss aversion ; dead hogs ; policy evaluation ; hog production ; chilli pepper ; organic manure ; application rate ; elevated temperature ; rain-shelter plastic house ; greenhouse ; field ; maize ; agrobiodiversity ; traditional food systems ; local knowledge ; cultural practices ; sustainable agriculture ; supply chain coordination ; supply chain sustainability ; livestock industry ; guanxi ; trust ; dynamic environment ; repeated purchase intention ; agricultural food system ; food policy ; food system sustainability ; urban agriculture ; local development ; food governance ; stakeholder engagement ; food systems ; global food regimes ; innovation ; political–economy ; social–ecological systems ; transformation ; regime shifts ; resilience ; sustainability in the food sector ; food supply chains ; food insecurity ; food waste and loss ; innovation and change ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics
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  • 86
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Fruits and vegetables are important sources of nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds, and provide many health benefits. However, due to non-optimal post-harvest management, large quantities of fresh or fresh-cut fruits and vegetables experience a decline in their quality and nutritional value before they reach the consumer. This Special Issue covers technologies for the harvesting, handling, and storage of vegetables, including storage strategies such as active packaging, edible coatings, the application of nanotechnology in the post-harvest of vegetable crops, and others, with the aim of improving the shelf-life of fresh and fresh-cut fruits and vegetables.
    Keywords: fresh walnut ; total phenols ; frozen storage ; fatty acid ; antioxidant enzyme ; fruit storage ; antioxidant capacity ; phenolic compounds ; gene expression ; Fragaria × ananassa Duch. ; Sabrosa ; ripening stage ; headspace solid phase microextraction (HS SPME GC/MS) ; HPLC-MS/MS principal component analysis ; fresh-cut cauliflower ; storage period ; calcium chloride ; temperature ; factor analysis ; quality ; table grapes ; optimal harvesting ; technological maturity ; phenolic maturity ; non-destructive tools ; Multiplex® 3 ; pectin-based coating ; quality attributes ; fresh-cut carrot ; respiratory activity ; carotenoids and phenolic compounds ; lemon byproduct ; antioxidant ; e-nose ; ATR-FTIR ; image analysis ; multivariate analysis ; Barhi dates ; Phoenix dactylifera ; chitosan ; orange peel ; olive cake ; coating ; scanning electron microscopy ; surface structure ; antifungal active packaging ; raspberry ; green tea extract ; rosemary extract ; citrus ; intelligent logistics ; modeling ; orange ; postharvest ; chilling injury ; storage ; melatonin ; 1-MCP ; oregano ; vacuum packaging ; Allium cepa ; Rhus coriaria ; refrigeration ; mango fruit ; melatonin treatment ; cold storage ; decay ; physiological and metabolic processes ; goji berries ; shelf-life ; postharvest quality ; sensorial attributes ; freshness ; active packaging ; cold plasma ; dipping ; E-nose ; high hydrostatic pressure ; innovative postharvest technologies ; pulsed electric field ; vacuum impregnation ; near-infrared spectroscopy ; Pleurotus eryngii ; king oyster mushroom ; quality influential factors ; preservation ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 87
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Ciguatoxins (CTXs), which are responsible for Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), are liposoluble toxins produced by microalgae of the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa. This book presents 18 scientific papers that offer new information and scientific evidence on: (i) CTX occurrence in aquatic environments, with an emphasis on edible aquatic organisms; (ii) analysis methods for the determination of CTXs; (iii) advances in research on CTX-producing organisms; (iv) environmental factors involved in the presence of CTXs; and (v) the assessment of public health risks related to the presence of CTXs, as well as risk management and mitigation strategies.
    Keywords: ciguatoxins ; HRMS ; Q-TOF ; ciguatera poisoning ; C-CTX1 ; fragmentation pathways ; maitotoxins ; Gambierdiscus ; Fukuyoa ; LC-MS/MS ; QToF ; neuroblastoma cell assay ; matrix effect ; ciguatera monitoring ; SPATT passive samplers ; HP20 resin ; CBA-N2a ; WS artificial substrate ; qPCR ; HTS metabarcoding ; ciguatera ; ciguatoxin ; cytotoxicity assay ; ELISA ; HPLC ; immunoassay ; mouse bioassay ; receptor-binding assay ; ciguatoxins (CTXs) ; neuroblastoma cell-based assay (CBA) ; immunosensor ; pacific ciguatoxins ; natural product ; polycyclic ether ; ring-closing metathesis ; Tsuji-Trost allylation ; French Polynesia ; epidemiology ; toxicological analyses ; risk management ; climate change ; Gambierdiscus polynesiensis ; toxin profile ; nitrate ; urea ; culture medium acidification ; CTX1B ; 52-epi-54-deoxyCTX1B ; 54-deoxyCTX1B ; Dictyota ; Caribbean ; dinoflagellate ; benthic algae ; algal toxin ; harmful algal bloom ; the Indian Ocean ; Arabian sea ; Kuwait bay ; Aden Gulf ; Red Sea ; Gulf of Aqaba ; Andaman Sea ; Bay of Bengal ; seafood safety ; foodborne disease ; experimental exposure ; lionfish ; trophic transfer ; toxin accumulation ; Selvagens Islands ; morphology ; phylogeny ; benthic dinoflagellate ; Beibu Gulf ; Chinese waters ; least absolute shrinkage and selection operator ; machine learning ; data science ; medical informatics ; survival analysis ; foodborne diseases ; Ciguatera Fish Poisoning ; digital technologies ; open data ; risk analysis ; marine biotoxins ; Lagodon rhomboides ; pinfish ; bioaccumulation ; depuration ; Caribbean ciguatoxin ; growth dilution ; model ; kinetics ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology::MMGT Medical toxicology
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  • 88
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The present reprint contains all of the articles in the second edition of the Special Issue titled “Statistical Data Modeling and Machine Learning with Applications II”. This Special Issue belongs to the “Mathematics and Computer Science” Section and aims to publish research on the theory and application of statistical data modeling and machine learning. New mathematical methods and approaches, new algorithms and research frameworks, and their applications aimed at solving diverse and nontrivial practical problems are proposed and developed in this SI. We believe that the chosen papers are attractive and useful to the international scientific community and will contribute to further research in the field of statistical data modeling and machine learning.
    Keywords: forecasting model ; electricity energy consumption ; grey model ; artificial neural network ; machine learning ; rotation CART ensemble ; bagging ; boosting ; arcing ; simplified selective ensemble ; linear stacked model ; IoV ; xNN ; K-MEANS ; anomaly detection ; single-index models ; composite quantile regression ; SCAD ; Laplace error penalty (LEP) ; causality ; Bayesian networks ; scalability ; group lasso penalty ; data integration ; network estimation ; stability selection ; time series model ; wavelet transform ; neural network NARX ; ionospheric parameters ; gambling ; jackpot ; multidimensional integrals ; Monte Carlo methods ; lattice sequences ; digital sequences ; surface approximation ; surface segmentation ; surface denoising ; gaussian process latent variable model ; line geometry ; line elements ; regression ; classification ; prediction ; meteorological parameters ; traffic incidents ; multi-agent architecture ; air pollution ; random forest ; ARIMA errors ; MIMO averaging strategy ; multi-step ahead prediction ; unmeasured forecast ; Explainableartificial intelligence ; credit card frauds ; deep learning ; long short-term memory ; fraud classification ; lung cancer ; tumor ; CT image ; one-stage detector ; YOLO ; multi-scale ; receptive field ; data analysis ; decision trees ; LightGBM ; SHAP ; leisure time ; influencing factors ; time allocation ; neural networks ; cosmic rays ; space weather ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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  • 89
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue on the “Dynamic Behavior of Materials” collected recent research findings on the dynamic behavior of various materials. A collection of fifteen peer-reviewed research articles were included in this Special Issue. The main topics covered include processing technology, state-of-the-art characterization, testing, theoretic modeling, and simulation. We hope that this Special Issue will be interesting for the academic community, and also hope that it will shed light on future research activities in this field.
    Keywords: reactive material ; shaped charge jet ; trans-scale discretization ; formation ; unsaturated clay ; moisture content ; Hugoniot parameters ; high-pressure EOS ; multi-diameter tungsten fiber-reinforced Zr-based bulk metallic glasses matrix composite ; tungsten fiber ; penetration failure mode ; bend space ; ultimate bending diameter ; explosively formed projectile ; tungsten heavy alloy ; liner material ; dynamic response ; fracture mechanics ; Johnson–Kendall–Robert model ; polyurethane setae array ; surface energy ; modeling ; simulation ; reactive materials ; impact-induced deflagration ; ignition behavior ; reaction ratio ; temperature distribution ; dynamic modeling ; impact ; kinetic projectile ; honeycomb ; multi-layer plates ; dynamic model ; weaved composite material ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; parachute recovery ; deployment phase ; parameter analysis ; fine-grained D6A steel ; fine grain strengthening ; strain rate sensitivity ; Johnson–Cook constitutive model ; finite element simulation ; ceramic composite armor ; 12.7 mm API projectile ; ballistic performance ; deflection and yaw ; NM500/Q345 clad plate ; austenitization ; microstructure ; properties ; movement ; inclusions ; cold hearth ; flow field ; PTFE/Al ; Johnson-Cook constitutive model ; reactive shaped charge jet ; numerical simulation ; near-α titanium alloy ; dynamic deformation ; deformation twin ; Johnson–Cook equation ; reactive materials projectile ; multi-layer aluminum target ; damage evolutionary behavior ; deflagration reaction ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
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  • 90
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Nowadays, computational and mathematical methods provide effective tools for handling vast quantities of data and information in the fields of big data analytics, knowledge discovery and decision-making for solving complex problems in the world. The present reprint contains all of the articles accepted and published in the first edition of the Special Issue titled “Computational and Mathematical Methods in Information Science and Engineering”. The objective of this Special Issue is to provide a channel through which members of the scientific community can exchange insights regarding recent advances in the theory and application of computational and mathematical methods in information science and engineering, with the long-term goal being to solve data-handling problems in practice. We hope that the papers published in this Special Issue will be considered impactful by the international scientific community and motivate further research into computational and mathematical methods that can solve complex problems in various fields and applications.
    Keywords: multi-scale ; local interaction ; lightweight image reconstruction network ; global fusion ; green supply chain ; environmental awareness ; information acquisition ; outsourcing ; in-house ; career choice ; prediction ; machine learning ; college students ; non-cooperative equilibrium ; complex supply chain network ; environmental policies ; circular economy ; structural balance ; feedback mechanism ; opinions polarization ; reservoir characterization ; productivity prediction ; knowledge interaction neural network ; embedded model ; egg shape equation ; displacement of volume method ; egg volume ; classical retrial policy ; queue dependent service rate ; waiting time analysis ; infinite orbit ; private set intersection ; quantum authentication ; oblivious quantum key distribution ; Internet of Things ; multi-objective optimization ; mining plan ; metal mines ; adaptive ; hybrid mutation ; multi-facility location problem ; clustering algorithm ; center-of-gravity method ; hybrid multi-attribute ; three-way group decision making ; VIKOR model ; grey correlation analysis ; interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers ; tourist arrival forecast ; variational mode decomposition ; empirical mode decomposition ; multiscale analysis ; deep learning model ; convolutional neural network model ; seasonal ARIMA ; ARIMA ; sales forecasting ; demand pattern ; dynamic weighting ; model selection ; retail ; malicious network traffic ; GAN ; imbalanced classification ; partial discharge (PD) ; phase-resolved PD (PRPD) ; rotating machine ; stator coil ; buffer wards ; mixed-integer programming ; dynamic bed allocation ; patient admission control ; COVID-19 pandemic ; regression ; data stream ; non-convex loss function ; noise-resilient ; online-learning ; ARL ; control charts ; COVID-19 data ; deviance residuals ; link functions ; logistic profiling ; Pearson residuals ; conditional autoregressive model ; Markov chain Monte Carlo ; occurrence rate ; spatial Poisson model ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science
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  • 91
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The provision of affordable housing for low-income households is a very complex issue that has long been debated in many countries around the world. Social housing (SH) is one of the tools for achieving fairness, social sustainability, and economic feasibility, and it is interrelated with politics, ethics, and economics, as well as the environment, architecture, and technology. In other words, national and local policies, as well as public and private financial resources, are all needed to provide SH.SH also involves social and urban transformations and is, consequently, linked to urban planning and redevelopment projects, real estate market dynamics, and cooperation between public and private stakeholders. Furthermore, decision-making on SH policies and projects has to be supported by assessments of economic feasibility and social and environmental sustainability.This volume presents studies on various topics to recompose the multi-faceted subjects of social housing within a unified framework.
    Keywords: real estate appraisal ; capital gain ; financial feasibility ; economic sustainability ; public–private partnership ; risk assessment ; social housing ; urban regeneration ; urban rent ; affordable prices ; discounted cash flow analysis ; road infrastructures ; social sustainability ; mass appraisal ; Regional Strategic Intervention Programs ; multi-criteria analysis ; stakeholder analysis ; NAIADE method ; public housing neighborhoods ; project-induced effects ; assessment framework ; multi-criteria decision-making model ; housing affordability ; housing policy ; affordable housing ; Malaysia ; young adults ; renters ; housing costs ; parental supports ; discriminant analysis ; regression analysis ; independent living ; Nigeria ; strategies ; housing tenure ; low-income earners ; sustainability ; critical junctures ; housing delivery ; public-private partnership ; Vision 2030 ; Saudi Arabia ; affordable rent ; cluster analysis ; social fairness ; community acceptance ; housing accessibility ; India ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 92
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This Special Issue collects research on and applications of the relationship between food, nutrition, and databases. The development of databases of nutrients, bioactive compounds, and metabolites are key tools for human health and public nutrition and represent resources for a wide range of applications in food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, epidemiology, and medicinal areas. The current research trends are highlighted.
    Keywords: plant sterols ; database ; Polish population ; supermarket packaged foods ; private labels ; generic labels ; branded labels ; health star rating ; sugar ; sodium ; healthiness ; price ; public health policy ; food data ; natural substances ; health promotion ; sustainable foods ; national food composition databases ; one health ; nutritional knowledge ; eight-year-old students ; official control ; school canteen ; food composition database ; nutrient pattern ; nutrient composition ; principal component analysis ; food-based dietary guideline ; salt intake ; South Africa ; salt content ; nutritional claims ; nutrient profile/profiling models ; changes in sodium content ; food database ; public health ; industrially-produced trans fatty acids ; Elaidic acid ; Linolelaidic acid ; traditional dishes ; Arabic sweets ; market foods ; Lebanon ; n/a ; fast food ; total sugars ; population health ; food environments ; meal combos ; food standardization ; nutrients ; bioactive compounds ; personalized nutrition ; saccharin ; sucralose ; gut microbiota ; acceptable daily intake ; short-term studies ; long-term studies ; short-chain fatty acids ; cognitive impairment ; cognitive decline ; nutritional care ; hospitalized patient ; elderly patient ; EuroFIR AISBL ; food data banks ; standardization ; harmonization ; interoperability ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBC Cultural and media studies::JBCC Cultural studies::JBCC4 Cultural studies: food and society
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  • 93
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This reprint focuses on recent advances in the processing of surface electromyography (EMG) signals acquired during human movement, as well as on innovative approaches to sense muscle activity. A wide range of methods is examined, including machine learning techniques to detect the onset/offset timing of muscle activity and approaches to evaluate muscle fatigue and analyze muscle synergies and co-contractions. Applications of these techniques are explored in different medical scenarios, e.g., for the benefit of patients suffering from low back pain, stroke survivors, and patients requiring polysomnography.
    Keywords: gait ; locomotion ; motor module ; number of synergies ; VAF ; gait analysis ; EMG ; muscle activation patterns ; movement analysis ; muscle synergies ; sEMG ; stroke ; factor analysis ; neurorehabilitation ; MRC ; dynamometer ; strength ; mechanomyography ; piezoelectric sensor ; vibration sensor ; human-machine interface ; prosthetic control ; hand gesture recognition ; convolutional neural network ; electromyography ; polysomnography ; REM sleep without atonia ; REM sleep behavior disorder ; RBD ; parkinsonism ; Parkinson’s disease ; spectral power ; sitting balance ; trunk control ; ipsilesional arm ; MFRT ; fatiguing frequency-dependent lifting ; low back pain ; trunk muscle coactivation ; onset detection ; muscle activation ; machine learning ; neural networks ; surface EMG ; sEMG processing ; force estimation ; isometric contractions ; surface EMG signal ; co-contraction detection ; muscular synergies ; the time–frequency domain ; wavelet transform ; power spectral density ; spectral estimation techniques ; Welch method ; Burg method ; autoregressive model ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
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  • 94
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The survival of plants under stressful environments requires the study of the mechanisms that help in reversing the adverse impacts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) excessively generated under these conditions. Understanding the mechanisms helps in adopting strategies to induce such mechanisms for the better acclimation of plants. These ROS, if not scavenged, cause damage of cellular components, including lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites, and, in extreme cases, even the death of cells in plants. Confronted with abiotic stress, there is an initial elevation in ROS that activates redox signaling to initiate defense in plants through the activation of antioxidant activity. The improvement in the capacity of antioxidant machinery is one of the essential strategies with which to develop tolerance and relieve the pressure of abiotic-stress-induced oxidative changes for the survival of plants. This reprint provides knowledge on the following aspects: Impact of abiotic stress factors and the response of antioxidant machinery to changing abiotic stress conditions, as well as strategies with which to strengthen antioxidant machinery for the survival of plants; Strategies to improve the tolerance mechanisms of plants against abiotic stress factors; Roles and the mechanisms of the plant signaling molecules/growth modifiers/mineral nutrients/hormones/other elicitors in relieving the impacts of abiotic stresses; The utilization of approaches such as genomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, ionomics, and nutiomics to strengthen antioxidant machinery and make plant life easier under abiotic stress conditions.
    Keywords: tomato ; photosynthesis ; root growth ; oxidative damage ; melatonin ; drought ; gene expression ; toxic metals/metalloid ; nanoparticles ; phytohormones ; phytoremediation ; reactive oxygen species ; antioxidant enzymes ; heavy metal stress ; ubiquitination ; protein degradation ; gas exchange features ; osmotic adjustment ; water deficiency ; water-use-efficiency ; antioxidant defense ; arabidopsis ; bioinformatic analysis ; SlBAG genes ; SlBAG9 ; Solanum lycopersicum ; antioxidants ; oxidative stress ; marker-free transgenic rice ; mature seed-derived calli ; pea DNA helicase 45 ; salinity stress tolerance ; ethylene response factor ; flooding stress ; metallothionein ; monodehydroascorbic acid reductase ; resistant cultivar ; respiratory burst oxidase ; sensitive cultivar ; biochemical metabolites ; plant growth ; stigmasterol ; wheat ; polyamine ; iron-deficiency ; transcriptomics ; BAG9 ; Hsps ; thermotolerance ; ethylene ; hydrogen sulfide ; nitric oxide ; rice ; Arabidopsis ; metabolome ; ROS ; rohitukine ; ascorbate peroxidase ; catalase ; hydrogen peroxide ; NADP dehydrogenases ; NADPH oxidase ; salt stress ; superoxide dismutase ; seed priming ; spermine ; chromium ; S1fa transcription factor ; cell wall ; yeast ; antioxidant enzyme ; heat stress ; betaine ; seed germination ; physiology ; biochemistry ; Hibiscus cannabinus ; physiological changes ; bioactive constituents ; antioxidant capacity ; bioactive molecules ; carotenoids ; flavonoids ; osmotic stress ; phenolic acids ; secondary metabolites ; exogenous spermidine ; lettuce ; transcriptome ; vanadium stress ; sweet potato ; antioxidant defense system ; stomatal traits ; antioxidant systems ; Cu stress ; leucine ; nitrogen metabolism ; peach ; polyamine uptake protein ; Put2 ; ascorbate ; Dittrichia ; glutathione ; thallium toxicity ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 95
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The provision of affordable housing for low-income households is a very complex issue that has long been debated in many countries around the world. Social housing (SH) is one of the tools for achieving fairness, social sustainability, and economic feasibility, and it is interrelated with politics, ethics, and economics, as well as the environment, architecture, and technology. In other words, national and local policies, as well as public and private financial resources, are all needed to provide SH.SH also involves social and urban transformations and is, consequently, linked to urban planning and redevelopment projects, real estate market dynamics, and cooperation between public and private stakeholders. Furthermore, decision-making on SH policies and projects has to be supported by assessments of economic feasibility and social and environmental sustainability.This volume presents studies on various topics to recompose the multi-faceted subjects of social housing within a unified framework.
    Keywords: real estate appraisal ; capital gain ; financial feasibility ; economic sustainability ; public–private partnership ; risk assessment ; social housing ; urban regeneration ; urban rent ; affordable prices ; discounted cash flow analysis ; road infrastructures ; social sustainability ; mass appraisal ; Regional Strategic Intervention Programs ; multi-criteria analysis ; stakeholder analysis ; NAIADE method ; public housing neighborhoods ; project-induced effects ; assessment framework ; multi-criteria decision-making model ; housing affordability ; housing policy ; affordable housing ; Malaysia ; young adults ; renters ; housing costs ; parental supports ; discriminant analysis ; regression analysis ; independent living ; Nigeria ; strategies ; housing tenure ; low-income earners ; sustainability ; critical junctures ; housing delivery ; public-private partnership ; Vision 2030 ; Saudi Arabia ; affordable rent ; cluster analysis ; social fairness ; community acceptance ; housing accessibility ; India ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Language: English
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  • 96
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: When adopting remote sensing techniques in precision agriculture, there are two main areas to consider: data acquisition and data analysis methodologies. Imagery and remote sensor data collected using different platforms provide a variety of information volumes and formats. For example, recent research in precision agriculture has used multispectral images from different platforms, such as satellites, airborne, and, most recently, drones. These images have been used for various analyses, from the detection of pests and diseases, growth, and water status of crops to yield estimations. However, accurately detecting specific biotic or abiotic stresses requires a narrow range of spectral information to be analyzed for each application. In data analysis, the volume and complexity of data formats obtained using the latest technologies in remote sensing (e.g., a cube of data for hyperspectral imagery) demands complex data processing systems and data analysis using multiple inputs to estimate specific categorical or numerical targets. New and emerging methodologies within artificial intelligence, such as machine learning and deep learning, have enabled us to deal with these increasing data volumes and the analysis complexity.
    Keywords: vineyard ; pesticide application ; variable rate application ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; satellite ; nanosatellite ; monsoon crops ; leaf area index ; leaf chlorophyll concentration ; crop water content ; multispectral ; hyperspectral ; deep learning ; forage dry matter yield ; high-throughput phenotyping ; Brazilian pasture ; nitrogen indicator ; nitrogen nutrition diagnosis ; optical sensor ; spectral index ; UAV ; wheat lodging ; lightweight ; digital surface model (DSM) ; winter wheat ; fractional order differential ; continuous wavelet transform ; optimal subset regression ; support vector machine ; wheat powdery mildew ; machine learning ; information fusion ; remote sensing monitoring ; hyperspectral imaging ; dimensionality reduction ; LDA ; PLS ; PCA ; RandomForest ; ReliefF ; XGB ; Meloidogyne ; Solanum tuberosum ; soil salinity sensitive parameter ; random forest ; optimal retrieval model ; remote sensing ; high throughput phenotyping ; UAV/drone ; biomass estimation ; oats ; wheat ; yield prediction ; random forests ; satellite imagery ; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 97
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Scientific motivation to publish this book comes from the increased interest in the study of toxoplasmosis, showed all over the world. Though the Toxoplasma gondii infection was first discovered in 1908, toxoplasmosis remains a today's research topic, a realm of questions and dilemmas that interest both the veterinarians and the human doctors. Studies in the field are directed to the epidemiology of the disease, the sources of infection, epidemiological chains, being underlined the important feature in the transmission of this parasite: the ability to pass from one intermediate host to another intermediate host without passing through the final host - felids. An increased prevalence of toxoplasmosis in humans and animals, as well as the difficulty of coproscopic diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in cats, expensive serological examinations in both animals and humans, lack of diagnostic methods accessible to veterinarians in slaughterhouses, cultural and culinary differences of human patients, which can influence the prevalence of the disease, motivate the scientific and practical importance of the proposed book and reveal the importance of this topic for animal and human health. So, the proposed book will contain informations regarding the etiology and history of Toxoplasma gondii infection and also the parasite's morphology and biology. This work will contain a very detailed epidemiology of the toxoplasmosis from all over the world and for all species of animals. This chapter will include also personal findings of the authors about the Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in domestic animals from Romania. In the last part of the book we will present the main methods for toxoplasma diagnosis. At the end of the book we will synthesize the main routes for T. gondii infection and the recommendations for reducing toxoplasmosis seroprevalence.
    Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii ; animals ; humans ; seroprevalence ; prevention ; control ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics
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  • 98
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: This reprint represents a collection of scientific papers belonging to a Special Issue of Antioxidants entitled "Advances in the Astonishing World of Phytochemicals: State-of-the-Art for Antioxidants". Several studies have revealed that plants are a source of a plethora of bioactive compounds, such as phytohormones, glycosides, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and essential oils, with a strong potential impact in the fields of pharmaceutics and agriculture. These phytochemicals represent a valuable weapon that plants use in self-defense in order to counteract the effects of abiotic stress disturbing the delicate equilibrium between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense systems. In recent years, interest in this area of research has been increasing due to the multifaceted properties of natural compounds with antioxidants having anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanism of their action is crucial to establishing their real potential in applied sciences. This reprint focuses on the most recent advances in the study of antioxidant molecular mechanisms activated by phytochemicals, with potential pharmacological and agricultural applications. We thank all the authors for their contribution to the research topic of this reprint and all editorial staff for their valuable support.
    Keywords: antioxidant response element (ARE) ; Nrf2 signaling pathway ; bioactive byproducts ; proanthocyanidins ; oxidative stress mechanisms ; thinned apples ; polyphenols ; anti-oxidant ; anti-inflammatory ; NRF2 ; NF-κB ; proteomics ; antioxidants ; acetylcholinesterase ; 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl ; HPLC ; medicinal plants ; oxidative stress ; cytotoxicity ; hepatoprotective effects ; HeLa cancer ; inflammation ; mass spectrometry ; oxidation ; prostate cancer ; phytochemical ; phenolic acids ; phenolic mixtures ; interaction effect ; antioxidant activity ; FRAP ; ORAC ; Achillea millefolium ; yarrow extract ; H. pylori ; supercritical anti-solvent fractionation ; anti-inflammatory activity ; antibacterial activity ; A. gangeticus ; protein and dietary fiber ; minerals ; phytochemicals ; HPLC-UV DPPH ; ABTS+ ; PA profiles ; NaCl ; Mexican Gordolobo ; supercritical CO2 extraction ; fatty acids ; biomass valorization ; mountain pepper ; rosella ; strawberry gum ; lemon aspen ; flavonoids ; anthocyanins ; bioavailability ; LC-MS/MS ; microalgae ; exopolysaccharides ; phycoerythrin ; biocompatibility ; wound healing ; Echinacea purpurea extracts ; fractions ; phenols/carboxylic acids ; alkylamides ; human primary macrophages ; pressurized liquid extraction ; seaweeds ; green extraction technique ; bioactive compounds ; functional ingredients ; food packaging ; future trends ; tomato-based products ; metabolic syndrome ; HFD ; antioxidant capacity ; phytonutrients ; yarrow ; fragmentation pathway ; electrospray ionization ; secondary metabolites ; horseradish ; mass spectra ; kaolinite ; phyto-carrier system ; phytocompounds ; methyl gallate ; autophagy ; apoptosis ; p53 ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: In the treatment of acute stroke, thrombolysis and thrombectomy have proven to be highly effective. Many patients have seen significant improvement after reperfusion therapy. This reprint aims to address current knowledge gaps and promote advancements in the use of thrombolysis and thrombectomy for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
    Keywords: ischemic stroke ; acute kidney injury ; contrast media ; endovascular treatment ; outcome ; hyperglycemia ; acute ischemic stroke ; large vessel occlusion ; mechanical thrombectomy ; stroke ; ischemia ; machine learning ; cerebral infarction ; biomarkers ; recanalization therapy ; reperfusion ; temperature ; time to admission ; prehospital delay ; prior stroke ; basilar artery ; brain ischemia ; intracranial atherosclerosis ; embolism ; infarction ; clinical symptoms ; intravenous thrombolysis ; endovascular therapy ; recanalization times ; clinical outcome ; hypoperfusion index ratio ; collateral circulation ; collateral scoring ; CTA ; CTP ; thrombolysis ; C-reactive protein ; white blood cell count ; prognosis ; hypoperfusion ; collaterality ; thrombectomy ; frailty ; elderly patients ; hospital frailty risk score ; acute stroke ; perfusion imaging ; CT perfusion ; MR perfusion ; RAPID ; fasting hyperglycemia ; fasting normoglycemia ; long-term outcome ; hemorrhagic transformation ; parenchymal hematoma ; GWAS ; single nucleotide variants ; anterior circulation ; bridging therapy ; recanalization ; stroke risk score ; COVID-19 ; Lithuania ; reperfusion therapies ; outcomes ; safety ; prehospital stroke diagnosis ; ultrasound ; brain perfusion ; SONAS® ; prehospital stroke scales ; point-of-care diagnostics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Collectively, the studies presented in this reprint have used various validated biomechanical models or proposed novel methods of motion analysis to gain new insights into health-related problems and sports performance.
    Keywords: human ankle model ; product of exponentials formula ; anthropometry ; biomechanics ; coordinate measuring machines ; kinematics ; pose estimation ; position measurement ; biomedical informatics ; adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) ; surface electromyography (sEMG) ; paraspinal muscle ; Schroth exercise ; paraspinal muscle symmetry index (PMSI) ; negative heel shoes ; positive heel shoes ; gait ; pregnant women ; OpenSim ; IDEEA ; dentistry ; dental unit chair systems ; muscle fatigue ; muscle activation ; in vivo study ; femoral neck fracture ; internal fixation ; intramedullary fixation ; finite element analysis ; finite element ; proximal junctional failure ; spinal reconstruction ; thoracolumbar ; rollback ; ligament strain ; kinematic alignment ; mechanical alignment ; total knee arthroplasty ; markerless motion capture system ; gait analysis ; joint moment ; joint power ; running economy ; running style ; duty factor ; vertical oscillation ; stride frequency ; freezing of gait ; gait initiation ; Parkinson’s disease ; posture ; segmental centers of mass ; anthropometric measurement ; base of support ; hand exoskeleton design ; motion simulation ; rehabilitation ; intention recognition ; machine learning ; deep learning ; two-dimensional (2D) image ; marker-free video ; walking speed ; walking speed classification ; bi-LSTM ; redundant feature ; ratio-based body measurement ; optimal feature ; surface topography ; rasterstereographic back shape analysis ; normative data ; healthy adults ; posture analysis ; spine ; intelligent system ; classroom behavior ; motion identification ; shoulder activity ; sensor ; rehabilitation protocol ; proximal humerus fracture ; ground reaction force ; knee and hip ; lower limb ; normal walking ; musculoskeletal multibody dynamics ; spinal biomechanics ; spinal alignment ; spinal loading ; muscle force computation ; thoracolumbar spine ; biomechanical model ; electromyography ; inertial measurement units ; gait-phase prediction ; spinal cord injury (SCI) ; muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) ; surface electromyography (EMG) ; EMG–force relation ; composite index ; characteristic points ; multivariable linear regression ; anterior cruciate ligament deficiency ; competitive swimming ; performance ; velocity fluctuations ; multibody simulation ; finite element method ; co-simulation ; sports ; degeneration ; intervertebral disc ; coupled ; embryo implantation ; human choriocarcinoma cell ; extracellular matrix ; stiffness ; durotaxis ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing
    Language: English
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