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  • Political Science  (1,103)
  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues  (1,084)
  • bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine  (987)
  • English  (3,171)
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  • 1
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    Policy-Oriented Technology Assessment Across Europe (2016)
    London : Palgrave Macmillan
    Details
    Keywords: Computer network architectures ; Political theory ; Public policy ; Political science ; Public administration ; Computer Systems Organization and Communication Networks ; Political Theory ; Public Policy ; Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, multidisciplinary ; Political Science ; Public Administration
    Description / Table of Contents: This book is open access under a CC-BY license. Policy-making to address grand challenges faces greater complexity than any previous project of modernization. Future scenarios are haunted by uncertainty and there is real ambivalence as to the values that policy should strive for. In this situation decision-makers look to research and innovation to provide answers and solutions. But neither can the great transitions ahead be planned by science, nor will conventional methods of innovation bring such transitions about. A turn to interactive governance is therefore underway with policy-makers and citizens becoming increasingly involved in processes of deliberating futures. Technology Assessment (TA) is the art of structuring such processes. TA goes beyond traditional expert policy analysis by systematically combining a multi-disciplinary evidence base with participatory approaches to policy deliberation. TA thus seeks to act as a hub for serious and transparent dialogue between policy, industry, science, and society about the challenges ahead and the available options for overcoming them responsibly. This volume offers an up-to-date account of the expansion of technology assessment capacities across new European member states. The contributions of this volume are written by leading European researchers and practitioners in technology assessment (TA) and are based on the PACITA (Parliaments and Civil Society in Technology Assessment) project. Lars Klüver is Director of the Danish Board of Technology, Copenhagen, Denmark. Rasmus Øjvind Nielsen is Researcher at the Danish Board of Technology, Copenhagen, Denmark. Marie Louise Jørgensen is Project Manager at the Danish Board of Technology, Copenhagen, Denmark
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 171 pages)
    ISBN: 9781137561725
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-1-137-56172-5
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Environmental management ; Political science ; Wildlife ; Fish ; Marine sciences ; Freshwater ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Political Science ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Marine & Freshwater Sciences ; Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea: Identifying Key Challenges Research Topics and Analytical Approaches. Part 1: Interdisciplinary Case Studies of Environmental Governance --- Chapter 2. Eutrophication and the Ecosystem Approach to Management: A Case Study of Baltic Sea Environmental Governance --- Chapter 3. Fisheries: A Case Study of Baltic Sea Environmental Governance --- Chapter 4. Biological Invasions: a Case Study of Baltic Sea Environmental Governance --- Chapter 5. Governance of Chemicals in the Baltic Sea Region: A Study of Three Generations of Hazardous Substances --- Chapter 6. Oil Spills from Shipping: A Case Study of the Governance of Accidental Hazards and Intentional Pollution in the Baltic Sea --- Part 2: Cross-Case Analysis of Key Environmental Governance Challenges --- Chapter 7. The Ecosystem Approach to Management in Baltic Sea Governance: Towards Increased Reflexivity? --- Chapter 8. Science-Policy Interfaces in Baltic Sea Environmental Governance: Towards Regional Cooperation and Management of Uncertainty? --- Chapter 9. Risk Communication and the Role of the Public: Towards Inclusive Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea? --- Chapter 10. Seeking Pathways Towards Improved Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 253 pages) , 10 illustrations, 3 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319270067
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-27006-7
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea (2016)
    Cham : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Environment ; Environmental management ; Political science ; Wildlife ; Fish ; Marine sciences ; Freshwater ; Environment ; Environmental Management ; Political Science ; Water Policy/Water Governance/Water Management ; Marine & Freshwater Sciences ; Fish & Wildlife Biology & Management
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea: Identifying Key Challenges Research Topics and Analytical Approaches. Part 1: Interdisciplinary Case Studies of Environmental Governance --- Chapter 2. Eutrophication and the Ecosystem Approach to Management: A Case Study of Baltic Sea Environmental Governance --- Chapter 3. Fisheries: A Case Study of Baltic Sea Environmental Governance --- Chapter 4. Biological Invasions: a Case Study of Baltic Sea Environmental Governance --- Chapter 5. Governance of Chemicals in the Baltic Sea Region: A Study of Three Generations of Hazardous Substances --- Chapter 6. Oil Spills from Shipping: A Case Study of the Governance of Accidental Hazards and Intentional Pollution in the Baltic Sea --- Part 2: Cross-Case Analysis of Key Environmental Governance Challenges --- Chapter 7. The Ecosystem Approach to Management in Baltic Sea Governance: Towards Increased Reflexivity? --- Chapter 8. Science-Policy Interfaces in Baltic Sea Environmental Governance: Towards Regional Cooperation and Management of Uncertainty? --- Chapter 9. Risk Communication and the Role of the Public: Towards Inclusive Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea? --- Chapter 10. Seeking Pathways Towards Improved Environmental Governance of the Baltic Sea
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 253 pages) , 10 illustrations, 3 illustrations in color
    ISBN: 9783319270067
    URL: https://link.springer.com/openurl?genre=book&isbn=978-3-319-27006-7
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  • 4
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    Social Decision-Making in Animals (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: social-decision making ; animal behavior ; behavioral ecology ; animal collective behavior ; animal SDM ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    The Message is Murder (2021)
    Pluto Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: The Message is Murder analyses the violence bound up in the everyday functions of digital media. At its core is the concept of 'computational capital' - the idea that capitalism itself is a computer, turning qualities into quantities, and that the rise of digital culture and technologies under capitalism should be seen as an extension of capitalism's bloody logic. Engaging with Borges, Turing, Claude Shannon, Hitchcock and Marx, this book tracks computational capital to reveal the lineages of capitalised power as it has restructured representation, consciousness and survival in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Ultimately The Message is Murder makes the case for recognising media communications across all platforms - books, films, videos, photographs and even language itself - as technologies of political economy, entangled with the social contexts of a capitalism that is inherently racial, gendered and genocidal.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Capitalism ; Media Studies ; Marshall McLuhan ; Violence ; Borges ; Turing ; Claude Shannon ; Hitchcock ; Marx ; Computational Capital ; Power ; Digital Culture ; Political Economy ; Race & Ethnicity ; Gender ; Photography ; Racism ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFD Media studies
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Electrospun and Electrosprayed Formulations for Drug Delivery (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This book is comprised of important reviews and cutting-edge original research papers concerning electrospun and electrosprayed formulations in drug delivery. Electrospinning and electrospraying have, in recent years, attracted increasing attention in the pharmaceutical sector, with research in the area advancing rapidly. It is now possible to prepare extremely complex systems using multi-fluid processes, and to increase production rates to an industrial scale. Electrospun formulations can be produced under GMP conditions and are in clinical trials. In this volume, we explore a range of topics around electrospinning and electrospraying in controlled drug delivery. Four reviews cover the exciting potential of cyclodextrin-containing fibers and the many potential biomedical applications of electrospun fibers. The use of electrospinning to prepare amorphous systems and improve the dissolution rate and solubility of poorly soluble active ingredients is addressed, and the possibilities of such materials in tissue engineering are comprehensively covered. The six original research papers cover the effect of molecular properties on API release from Eudragit-based electrospun fibers; ferulic acid solid dispersions; electrospun medicines to treat psoriasis; scale up of electrospinning and its use to produce low-dose tablets; transepithelial permeation of drugs released from electrospun fibers, and the possibilities for the synergistic chemophotothermal treatment of cancer.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RM1-950 ; tissue engineering ; cyclodextrin ; permeability ; poly (vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) ; crystalline ; antibacterial ; drug delivery ; homogenization ; capsaicin ; combination therapy ; high-shear mixing ; cyclodextrin-inclusion complexes ; amorphous ; high-speed electrospinning ; PMVE/MA ; aqueous solubility enhancement ; sieve analysis ; Raman mapping ; Eudragit ; nanofibers ; psoriasis ; PCL ; essential oils ; parameters ; antibiotics ; xanthan gum ; carvedilol ; amorphous composite ; coaxial electrospinning ; insoluble drug ; NIR-triggered drug release ; fast dissolution ; electrospinning ; oral drug delivery ; electrospun nanofibers ; poly-cyclodextrin ; TRPV1 ; gallic acid ; solid dispersion ; photothermal therapy ; drug release ; applications ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Beverage Consumption Habits around the World: Association with Total Water and Energy Intakes (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Fluid intake has barely been assessed, and hydration status has only rarely been measured in epidemiological studies. This hampers attempts to assess the adequacy of water intake at a population level. However, although guidelines have been established to determine how much water humans require to avoid dehydration and to optimize physical and psychological function, limited data are available on the total water and beverages intake. Therefore, the percentage of population with inadequate water intake is unknown. There is a clear need for studies in different settings around the world that quantify total water and beverage intake and explore associations between types of beverages consumed and energy intake.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; Adequate hydration ; Beverages consumption ; Water and energy intake ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Decreasing the Impact of Treatment Resistance in Schizophrenia: Identifying Novel Molecular Targets/ Pathways to Increase Treatment Efficacy (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: omics ; epigenetics ; pharmacogenetics ; CYP ; risk prediction ; microbiota ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    European Union - The Second Founding (2021)
    Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: The author is presenting a broadly structured study about the first fifty years of European integration, its geopolitical context and academic reflection. His study is based on the two-fold thesis that since a few years, the European Union is going through a process of its Second Founding while simultaneously changing its rationale.
    Keywords: Political Science ; eu ; european union ; integration ; european integration ; Member state of the European Union ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Physiology of Myelin Forming Cells, from Myelination to Neural Modulators (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: oligodendrocyte ; Schwann cell ; oligodendrocyte precursor cell ; myelin ; myelin repair ; axon physiology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    Neuroimmune Interface in Health and Diseases (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: It is now well appreciated that the immune system, in addition to its traditional role in defending the organism against pathogens, communicate in a well-organized fashion with the brain to maintain homeostasis and regulate a set of neural functions. Perturbation in this brain-immune interactions due to inflammatory responses may lead to psychiatric and neurological disorders. Microglia are one of the essential cells involved in the brain-immune interactions. Microglial cells are now not simply regarded as resident tissue macrophages in the brain. These cells are derived from myeloid progenitor cells in the yolk sac in early gestation, travel to the brain parenchyma and interact actively with neurons during the critical period of neurogenesis. Microglia provide a trophic support to developing neurons and take part in the neural wiring through the activity-dependent synapse elimination via direct neuron-microglia interactions. Altered microglial functions including changes in the gene expression due to early life inflammatory events or psychological and environmental stressors can be causally related to neurodevelopmental diseases and mental health disorders. This type of alterations in the neural functions can occur in the absence of infiltration of inflammatory cells in the brain parenchyma or leptomeninges. In this sense, the pathogenetic state underlying a significant part of psychiatric and neurological diseases may be similar to “para-inflammation”, an intermediate state between homeostatic and classical inflammatory states as defined by Ruslan Medzhitov (Nature 454:428-35, 2008). Therefore, it is important to study how systemic inflammation affects brain health and how local peripheral inflammation induces changes in the brain microenvironment. Chronic pain is also induced by disturbance in otherwise well-organized multisystem interplay comprising of reciprocal neural, endocrine and immune interactions. Especially, early-life insults including exposure to immune challenges can alter the neuroanatomical components of nociception, which induces altered pain response later in life. Recently the discrete roles of microglia and blood monocyte-derived macrophages are being defined. The distinction may be further highlighted by disorders in which the brain parenchymal tissue is damaged. Therefore, studies investigating the dynamics of immune cells in traumatic brain injury and neurotropic viral infections including human immunodeficiency virus, etc. as well as neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are promising to clarify the interplay between the central nervous and immune systems. The understanding of the histological architecture providing the infrastructure of such neuro-immune interplay is also essential. This Frontiers research topic brings together fourteen articles and aims to create a platform for researchers in the field of psychoneuroimmunology to share the recent theories, hypotheses and future perspectives regarding open questions on the mechanisms of cell-cell interactions with chemical mediators among the nervous, immune and endocrine systems. We hope that this platform would reveal the relevance of the studies on multisystem interactions to enhance the understanding of the mechanisms underlying a wide variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC346-429 ; RC581-607 ; brain-immune interaction ; fatigue ; pain ; HIV ; neuroinflammation ; traumatic brain injury ; depression ; microglia ; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; autism ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 12
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    Nature for Sale (2021)
    Pluto Press | Pluto Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-24
    Description: Uncovering the rich heritage of common ownership which existed before the dominance of capitalist property relations, Giovanna Ricoveri argues that the subsistence commons of the past can be reinvented today to provide an alternative to the current destructive economic order. Ricoveri outlines the distinct features of common ownership as it has existed in history through cooperatives, sustainable use of natural resources and direct democracy. In doing so, she shows how it is possible to provide goods and services which are not commodities exchanged on the capitalistic market, something still demonstrated today in village communities across the global South. Tracing the erosion of the commons from the European enclosures at the dawn of the Industrial Revolution to the new enclosures of modern capitalism, the book concludes by arguing that a new commons is needed today. It will be essential reading for activists as well as students and academics in history, politics, economics and development studies.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Public Policy ; Environmental Policy ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy & protocols
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  • 13
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    Examining Evolutionary Trends in Equus and Its Close Relatives From Five Continents (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Evolution of the horse has been an often-cited primary example of evolution, as well as one of the classic and important stories in paleontology for over a century and a half, due to their rich fossil record across 5 continents: North America, South America, Europe, Asia and Africa. The recent horse has served a profound role in human ancestry, including agriculture, commerce, sport, transport, warfare, and in prehistory, for the subsistence of humans. Many studies have examined the evolution of the Equidae and chronicled the striking changes in skulls, dentition, limbs, and body size which have long been perceived to be a response to environmental shifts through time. Most comprehensive studies heretofore have: (1) focused on the “Great Transformation”- changes that occurred in the early Miocene, (2) involved tracking long-term diversity or paleoecological trends on a single continent or within a geographical locality, or (3) concentrated on the 3-toed hipparions. The Plio–Pleistocene evolutionary stage of horse evolution is punctuated by the great climatic fluctuations of the Quaternary beginning 2.6 Ma which influenced Equus evolution, biogeographic dispersion and adaptation on a nearly global scale. The evolutionary biology of Equus evolution across its entire range remains relatively poorly understood and often highly controversial. Some of this lack of understanding is due to assumptions that have arisen because of the relatively derived craniodental and postcranial anatomy of Equus and its close relatives which has seemed to imply that that these forms occupied relatively homogenous and narrow dietary and locomotor niches - notions that have not been adequately addressed and rigorously tested. Other challenges have revolved around teasing apart environmentally-driven adaptation versus phylogenetically defined morphological change. Geochronologic age control of localities, geographic provinces and continents has improved, but in no way is absolute and can be reexamined in our proposed volume. Temporal resolution for paleodietary, paleohabitat and paleoecological interpretations are also challenging for understanding the evolution of Equus. Our proposed volume attempts to assemble a group of experts who will address multiple dimensions of Equus’ evolution in time and space.
    Keywords: Ecomorphology ; Equus ; Paleoecology ; Taxonomy ; Biogeography ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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  • 14
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    Inhibiting PARP as a Strategic Target in Cancer (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
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    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) proteins are critical mediators of DNA repair. Many traditional anti-cancer chemotherapy agents overwhelm a cell’s ability to repair DNA damage in order to kill proliferating malignant cells. Recent evidence suggests that cancers within and across tissue types have specific defects in DNA repair pathways, and that these defects may predispose for sensitivity and resistance to various classes of cytotoxic agents. Breast, ovarian and other cancers develop in the setting of inherited DNA repair deficiency, and these cancers may be more sensitive to cytotoxic agents that induce DNA strand breaks, as well as to inhibitors of PARP activity. A series of recent clinical trials has tested whether PARP inhibitors can achieve synthetic lethality in hereditary DNA repair-deficient tumors. At the current time, mutation of BRCA serves as a potential, but not comprehensive, biomarker to predict response to PARP inhibitor therapy. Mechanisms of resistance to PARP inhibitors are only recently being uncovered. Future studies seek to identify sporadic cancers that harbor genomic instability rendering susceptibility to PARP inhibitors that compound lethal DNA damage.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC254-282 ; DNA reapir ; PARP inhibitor ; Homologous Recombination ; combination therapy ; DNA Damage ; Cancer ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 15
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    Political science in motion (2021)
    Éditions de l'Université de Bruxelles
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: This book examines recent developments in political science research, by considering its new influences and its new challenges.
    Keywords: Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    International Perspectives on Health and Safety Among Dairy Workers Challenges, Solutions and the Future (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This e-book provides the insight into occupational health and safety problems, challenges and solutions of the dairy sector. Thirty-two authors have been sharing their results and knowledge reflecting the challenges from small scale farming up to industrial style. The worldwide trend of growing farm sizes and a reduction in numbers is one of the major drivers for the changes in the working environment. Musculoskeletal disorders are among the most prevalent health problems of people working on farms. Nevertheless mechanisation has not reduced the number of complaints, and new problems arise due to the changing working environment.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RA1-1270 ; immigrant workers ; Dairy farming ; OHS ; MSS ; MSD ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 17
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    From Ptolemaus to Copernicus: The Evolving System of Gluten-Related Disorder (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Gluten is the major protein of wheat and other cereals (rye and barley); it is responsible for triggering celiac disease (CD) in genetically predisposed individuals. Until a few years ago, CD was the major (if not the only) well-known gluten-related disorder. However, in recent years, it has become clear that gluten proteins may activate different pathological mechanisms, leading to a wide spectrum of human diseases, including non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), gluten ataxia, neuro-psychiatric disorders, and many others. Conceptually, we have therefore moved from a Ptolemaic to a Copernican system, i.e., CD is no longer the “center of the universe”, but is just one of the possible worlds of gluten intolerance. Many other gluten planets do indeed exist and deserve the attention of researchers and clinicians alike. Although different gluten-related disorders show specific epidemiological, pathophysiological, and clinical aspects, these conditions share a trigger and treatment: the gluten-free diet. For a very long time, awareness of these disorders has been limited and, therefore, the epidemiology of gluten-related disorders is still a “work in progress”. Current research strives to clarify the boundaries between these entities, their disease mechanisms, and how a proper diagnosis can be implemented.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; gluten-related disorders；celiac disease；gluten intolerance ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Gramsci on Tahrir (2021)
    Pluto Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Coming in the wake of intense political and academic debate on the nature and development of the Arab Uprisings, Gramsci on Tahrir zeroes in on the complex dynamic of Egypt's revolution and counter-revolution. It shows how a Gramscian understanding of the revolutionary process provides a powerful instrument for charting the possibilities for an emancipatory project by the Egyptian subaltern classes. Central to De Smet’s argument is Gramsci’s interpretation of ‘Caesarism’, an occasion in which two evenly matched political opponents reach a potentially catastrophic stalemate; such an interplay between these forces can only end in mutual destruction. In applying this to the Egyptian revolution, we see how the Egyptian state was bereft of strong hegemonies and the people were replete with capable counter-hegemonies. The current situation in Egypt demonstrates how both national histories and global power relations enable, define and displace popular resistance and social transformation.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Politics ; Social Movements ; Political Theory ; Antonio Gramsci ; Egypt ; Tahrir Square ; Political Activism ; Revolution ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPW Political activism / Political engagement::JPWQ Revolutionary groups and movements
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    Microglia in Health and Disease: A Unique Immune Cell Population (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Microglia are essential for the development and function of the adult brain. Their ontogeny, together with the absence of turnover from the periphery and the singular environment of the central nervous system (CNS), make microglia a unique cell population compared to other tissue-macrophages. The unique properties and functions of microglial cells, such as their role in synaptic pruning or the exceptional capacity to scan the brain parenchyma and rapidly react to its perturbations, have emerged in recent years. In the coming years, understanding how microglia acquire and maintain their unique profiles in order to fulfil distinct tasks in the healthy CNS and how these are altered in disease, will be essential to develop strategies to diagnose or treat CNS disorders with an immunological component. This Research Topic covers several aspects of microglial biology, ranging from their origin and the functional role of microglia during development and lifespan, their molecular properties compared with other brain and peripheral immune cells to microglial phenotypes and functional states in neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumours. In conclusion, the present Research Topic provides a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of several cellular and molecular mechanisms that make microglia a unique immune cell population within the healthy CNS as well as under inflammatory, neurodegenerative and tumorigenic processes.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC346-429 ; RC581-607 ; inflammation ; brain tumour ; neurodegeneration ; microglia ; ontogeny ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Towards Tokyo 2020: What Will Contribute to Optimal Olympic Athlete Performance? (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: Exercise Science ; Performance ; Physiology ; Japan ; Olympics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology
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    Drifting Apart of Transatlantic Security (2021)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: For the first time, this book examines the comparative impact of the Obama administration on the NATO and defense policies of European allies. Germany, Poland and Turkey serve as case studies to evaluate American policies vis-à-vis NATO Europe. All three are representative for the Alliance in various ways. Thus, the results of this book offer an outlook for NATO Europe and the Alliance as a whole. Despite the fact that all three countries are highly dependent on American security guarantees in theory and practice, the results of this study reveal different national responses. Indeed, the book demonstrates multi-, bi-, and unilateralization attempts in reaction to US engagement in and vis-à-vis NATO Europe. Hence, a better understanding of current developments within the Alliance as well as the basis for the future debate about the transatlantic organisation are provided. Aylin Matlé works for the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e.V.; most recently, she worked for the foundation's Israel office in Jerusalem. Previously, Aylin Matlé was a research associate at the chair of international relations and European politics at the Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg.
    Keywords: History ; Military ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHW Military history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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    Organohalide Respiration: New Findings in Metabolic Mechanisms and Bioremediation Applications (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: organohalide respiration ; Microbial reductive dehalogenation ; Dehalococcoides ; electron transport chain ; reductive dehalogenase ; Community composition and function ; bioremediation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKF Pathology::MKFM Medical microbiology and virology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
    Language: English
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    The Netherlands and the Oil Crisis (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The Netherlands played a remarkable role during the October War and the oil crisis of 1973. In secret, the Dutch government sent a substantial amount of ammunition and spare parts to Israel. The Dutch supported Israel also politically. Within the EC they vetoed a more pro-Arab policy. The Arab oil producing countries punished The Netherlands by imposing an oil embargo. The embargo against the Netherlands was intimidating. The Netherlands was dependent on Arab oil. The embargo seemed to threaten the Dutch position in the international oil sector. The government introduced several measures to reduce oil consumption. However, within two months it became clear that oil continued to arrive in Rotterdam. There was in fact no oil shortage in the Netherlands. The Netherlands even profited from the oil crisis. The energy situation in The Netherlands was much better than in other West European countries. The Dutch, therefore, rejected French plans for a more interventionist energy policy. Atlanticism and liberalism were the key words of the Dutch policy during the oil crisis. This book is the result of intensive research in all relevant Dutch archives. The authors had free access to all the files they wanted to see. They also used resources from other countries involved. Many politicians were interviewed. The result is a surprising analysis of the oil crisis of 1973, and of the Dutch role in particular. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPB Comparative politics
    Language: English
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    Seafloor Heterogeneity: Artificial Structures and Marine Ecosystem Dynamics (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: artificial reefs ; offshore oil and gas platforms ; coastal infrastructure ; aquaculture facilities ; anthropogenic influences ; ecological restoration ; marine conservation ; rigs-to-reef ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology and the hydrosphere::RBKC Oceanography (seas and oceans)
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    HLA-G-mediated Immune Tolerance: Past and New Outlooks (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The non-classical HLA class I molecule HLA-G is different from classical HLA class I molecules because of the low polymorphism in the coding region, the fact that HLA-G primary transcript is alternatively spliced in seven isoforms, and the inhibitory action on immune cells. Although HLA-G is low polymorphic, variants in both promoter and 3’ un-translated region (UTR) of HLA-G locus regulate its expression. In healthy conditions, a basal level of HLA-G gene transcription is observed in most cells and tissues; however, translation into HLA-G protein is restricted to trophoblasts in the placenta, where it participates in promoting tolerance at the fetal-maternal interface. HLA-G is also expressed by thymic epitelial, cornea, mesenchymal stem cells, nail matrix, pancreatic beta cells, erythroid, and endothelial precursors. HLA-G can be neo-expressed in adult tissues in pathological conditions, and its expression has been documented autoimmune disorders, viral infections, and cancer. In the latter setting de novo HLA-G expression is associated with the capability of tumor cells to evade the immune control. In the last decade it has become evident that HLA-G expression on T cells and antigenpresenting cells confers to these cells tolerogenic properties. This Research Topic focused on i) summarizing updated clinical and immunological evidences that HLA-G expression is associate with beneficial or detrimental tolerance, ii) gathering new insights into the mechanisms governing the expression of HLA-G in healthy and pathological conditions, such as pre-eclampsia, and iii) examining the mechanisms underlying HLA-G mediated tolerance.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC581-607 ; Pregnancy ; Autoimmunity ; Immuno-modulation ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Infections ; Exosomes ; HLA-G ; polymorphisms ; tolerance ; Cancer ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    PT governments (2023)
    CLACSO
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: It is used to say that the first victim of a war is the truth. In fact, in a war in the strict sense or in a political war, the murder of the truth and the concealment of the facts occur profusely. It is not different in Brazil. Democracy was neither the first nor the only victim of the parliamentary coup (a.k.a. impeachment) in 2016. It was also the truth. Before the coup, and to justify it, anti-people and anti-national forces broadcasted, to exhaustion, a series of lies about the governments of the Workers Party (PT). The presentation of Dilma Rousseff
    Keywords: Political Science ; History ; Latin American Studies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes::JPHV Political structures: democracy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas
    Language: English
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    Current Trends and Future Directions in Prosthetic and Implant Dentistry in the Digital Era (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Advancements in digital technologies are reshaping the world of dentistry, from prosthodontics to implant dentistry. Intraoral scanners, facial scanners, 3D printers, and milling machines have revolutionized the clinical approach and operative workflow in daily practice. However, digital dentistry brings several challenges to clinicians due to the rapid evolution of new technologies and the lack of evidence-based guidelines for their correct use. The aim of this Special Issue is to cover the latest advances in the development and application of digital technologies in prosthetic and implant dentistry. We wish to provide both clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive and up-to-date source of information on current trends, limitations, and potential future applications of digital technologies in daily clinical practice.
    Keywords: dental implants ; digital impression ; intraoral scanner ; CAD/CAM materials ; toothbrushing wear ; surface ; roughness ; surface integrity ; alveolar remodeling ; tooth extraction ; intraoral digital scanning ; imaging superimposition ; less traumatic surgery ; socket healing ; implantology ; computer-aided surgery ; image-guided surgery ; zygomatic implants ; navigation system ; dental implant ; bone level ; prospective study ; sub-crestal placement ; emergence profile ; guided surgery ; digital workflow ; stereolithographic surgical guide ; accuracy ; CAD–CAM ; DICOM–STL ; static guided surgery ; clinical study ; intraoral scanners ; digital dentistry ; impression techniques ; full-arch impression ; elderly population ; dimensional measurement accuracy ; implant scan ; operator ; precision ; scan area ; trueness ; occlusion ; overloading ; complications ; implant-supported restorations ; marginal bone loss ; oral implantology ; intraoral scan ; cone-beam computed tomography ; oral surgery ; emergence angle ; retrospective study ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    Improving Interagency Information Sharing Using Technology Demonstrations (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: The Department of Defense (DoD) has developed new sensor technologies to support U.S. forces in Iraq and Afghanistan; these technologies are potentially useful for counterdrug operations along the southern U.S. border, but there are legal questions regarding how they may be used and how sensor information may be shared between federal agencies in domestic operations. This report examines federal law and DoD policy to answer these questions.
    Keywords: History ; Technology ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHH African history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSD Diplomacy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JK Social services and welfare, criminology::JKS Social welfare and social services::JKSW Emergency services::JKSW1 Police and security services ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
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    COVID-19: Current Status and Future Prospects (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, and the disease now affects nearly every country and region. Nearly 18 months later, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to present significant challenges to health systems, public health, and the economy of countries across both hemispheres. The morbidity and mortality of the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been significant, and various waves of disease outbreaks initially overwhelmed hospitals and clinics in many countries and continue to do so. This influences everyone, and public health countermeasures have been dramatic in terms of their impact on employment, social systems, and mental health. This Special Issue collection follows on from the Special Issue “COVID-19: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives” and provides an avenue for authors from various disciplines to provide feedback on the response to and our future global preparedness for COVID-19, as well as to disseminate critical information about SARS-CoV-2 and the associated COVID-19 pandemic.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; new-onset DM ; severe infection ; mortality ; outbreak ; P.1 variant ; Gamma variant ; SARS-CoV-2 infection ; whole-genome sequencing ; pandemic ; overweight ; obesity ; Peru ; psychological impacts ; public health ; preparedness ; mRNA-1273 ; BNT162b2 ; TAK-919 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; post-vaccination ; healthcare personnel ; vaccination ; asymptomatic infection ; HIV ; infectious disease ; excess mortality ; regdanvimab ; remdesivir ; severe ; community transmission ; population density gradient ; Dhaka ; Bangladesh ; dengue ; undifferentiated febrile illness ; antigen testing ; variants ; reinfections ; breakthrough infections ; vaccine hesitancy ; sub-Saharan Africa ; pulmonary fibrosis ; postacute COVID-19 syndrome ; tuberculosis ; helminth coinfection ; coronavirus ; coordination ; health operations and technical expertise ; AFRO ; diarrhea ; liver ; pancreas ; inflammatory bowel diseases ; liver transplantation ; reproduction rate ; phylogenetic analysis ; clade GK ; D614G ; P681R ; cross-reactivity ; haemorrhage ; thrombocytopenia ; thrombosis ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) ; molecular diagnostics ; real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) ; economy ; income levels ; waves ; policy ; turning points ; occupational exposure ; risk factors ; personal protective equipment ; SIR model ; socio-behavioral aspects ; interaction distance ; school reopening strategy ; self-medication ; over-the-counter ; medicine use ; Pakistan ; clinical features ; Luanda ; Angola ; socioeconomic status ; risk perception ; risk prevention practices ; qualitative ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    Troubled Partnership (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: U.S.-Turkish relations, long a vital element of U.S. policy, have seriously deteriorated in recent years. However, the arrival of a new U.S. administration offers an opportunity to repair recent fissures. Priority should be given to harmonizing policy toward Iraq and the Middle East as well as Central Asia and the Caucasus.
    Keywords: Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy and protocols
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    Origins of the Resting-State fMRI Signal (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: resting-state fMRI ; fMRI denoising ; vascular modulation ; head motion ; arousal ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    Europe - Against the Tide (2021)
    Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-24
    Description: Was sind die gegenwärtigen Herausforderungen der Europäischen Union? Wie reagiert sie auf internationale Veränderungen und Krisen? Und wie antwortet sie auf ihre Kritiker in den Mitgliedsstaaten? 16 Beiträge von internationalen Experten geben auf diese Fragen eine Antwort.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Comparative Politics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPB Comparative politics
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    Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy of Epilepsy (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders and is characterized by recurrent seizures resulting from abnormal neuronal excitability in the central nervous system. Despite the availability of thirty-six antiseizure medications, about one-third of patients with epilepsy do not respond to the pharmacological treatment and develop a so-called “pharmaco-resistant epilepsy” or “refractory epilepsy.” Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel, effective therapies based on novel mechanisms underlying neuronal excitability that leads to seizures. This reprint’s original research papers and review articles highlight unknown mechanisms underlying pharmaco-resistant resistant epilepsy, epileptogenesis, and seizure suppression.
    Keywords: 3CAI ; GRIA1 ; GRIA2 ; intractable epilepsy ; PICK1 ; protein kinase C ; pericytes ; mural cells ; cytokine ; blood-brain barrier ; neuroinflammation ; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 ; AKT ; cyclosporin A ; GluA1 ; GluR1 ; PDK1 ; refractory seizure ; temporal lobe epilepsy ; hippocampus ; 4-aminopyridine ; epilepsy model ; long-term potentiation ; AMPA receptor ; audiogenic epilepsy ; rodents ; fear reaction ; behavior genetics ; c-Fos ; early gene activation ; epileptogenesis ; lipopolysaccharide ; pentylenetetrazole ; post-traumatic epilepsy ; seizure susceptibility ; traumatic brain injury ; epilepsy ; ghrelin ; ghrelin receptor ; anxiety ; TRPV1 channels ; neuronal activity ; neuropsychiatric comorbidity ; immunofluorescence ; audiogenic kindling ; acoustically evoked seizures ; EACT ; generalized tonic-clonic seizures ; inherited epilepsy ; TMEM1A channels ; wild running seizures ; astrocyte ; ML365 ; pharmacoresistant epilepsy ; cortical atrophy ; hippocampal atrophy ; intracerebral electrode ; magnetic resonance imaging ; posttraumatic epilepsy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    Thy1/CD90 Surface Glycoprotein: Sensor of the Microenvironment? (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: Thy-1 ; CD90 ; Signal Transduction ; cell-cell interaction ; Cell-matrix interaction ; Scaffold ; Nanodomains ; integrin ; Mechanotransduction ; Cancer ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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    Protein Export and Secretion Among Bacterial Pathogens (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: export ; secretion ; pathogens ; toxins ; macromolecular machineries ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MJ Clinical and internal medicine::MJC Diseases and disorders::MJCJ Infectious and contagious diseases
    Language: English
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    Cross Talk between Lymph Node Lymphatic Endothelial Cells and T Cells in Inflammation and Cancer (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Lymphocytes constantly survey the lymph nodes in search for potential infection by a pathogen. They enter the afferent lymphatic vessel that serves as a conduit to transport the motile lymphocytes to the draining lymph node. Lymphatic vessels (LVs) are present in most vascularized tissues. They are traditionally regarded as passive conduits for soluble antigens and leukocytes. Afferent LVs begin as blind ended capillaries, which give rise to collecting vessels that merge and connect with draining lymph nodes (dLNs). Initial lymphatic capillaries are composed of Lymphatic Endothelial Cells (LECs) connected by discontinuous cell junctions, which join to form larger collecting lymphatic vessels, and ultimately feed into the LN subcapsular sinus. Within the LN, LECs are localized to the subcapsular, cortical, and medullary sinuses, where they interact with incoming and exiting leukocytes. LECs, and in general LN stromal cells, have emerged in the recent years as active players in the immune response. In support to this,studies have shown that the immune response generated during inflammation and under pathologic conditions is accompanied by modeling of the LVs and generation of new lymphatics, a process known as lymphangiogenesis. These facts strongly suggest that LECs and stromal LN cells in general, are not inert players but rather are part of the immune response by organizing immune cells movement, exchanging information and supplying survival factors. The purpose of this research topic is to review the role of the LECs during immune homeostasis and cancer. Considering the critical role of lymphangiogenesis in many pathologies like chronic and acute inflammation, autoimmunity, wound healing, graft rejection, and tumor metastasis, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms that govern the cross talks between the LECs and immune cells during homeostasis and inflammation.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC581-607 ; Liver Injury ; Lymphatic Vessels ; Lymphatic Vasculature ; Tumor Microenvironment ; PD-L1 ; Antigen Presenting Cells ; Lymphatic Endothelial Cells ; T cell trafficking ; T cells ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Heart Rate Variability and other Autonomic Markers in Children and Adolescents (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: Heart Rate ; Heart rate variability ; Autonomic Nervous System ; infants ; Children ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology
    Language: English
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    Enzymes Regulating the Homeostasis of Agonists and Antagonists of the N-Methyl D-Aspartate Receptors (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: NMDAR = N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor ; Enzymes - metabolism ; enzyme drug target ; d-serine ; L-serine ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
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    Transmucosal Absorption Enhancers in the Drug Delivery Field (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Development of strategies to assist the movement of poorly permeable molecules across biological barriers has long been the goal of drug delivery science. In the last three decades, there has been an exponential increase in advanced drug delivery systems that aim to address this issue. However, most proprietary delivery technologies that have progressed to clinical development are based on permeation enhancers (PEs) that have a history of safe use in man. This Special Issue entitled “Transmucosal Absorption Enhancers in the Drug Delivery Field” aims to present the current state-of-the-art in the application of PEs to improve drug absorption. Emphasis is placed on identification of novel permeation enhancers, mechanisms of barrier alteration, physicochemical properties of PEs that contribute to optimal enhancement action, new delivery models to assess PEs, studies assessing safety of PEs, approaches to assist translation of PEs into effective oral, nasal, ocular and vaginal dosage forms and combining PEs with other delivery strategies.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RM1-950 ; chitosan ; intestinal epithelial cells ; ocular delivery ; amphiphilic polymers ; cornea ; tight junction modulator ; cyclodextrin ; permeability ; gemini surfactant ; transferrin ; compound 48/80 ; epithelial permeability ; cervicovaginal tumors ; nanoparticles ; confocal laser scanning microscopy ; safety ; formulation ; salcaprozate sodium ; intestinal absorption ; FITC-dextran ; curcumin ; block copolymers ; nasal vaccination ; whole leaf ; brush border ; ocular drug delivery ; vaccine adjuvant ; nanoparticle ; nasal delivery ; efflux ; permeation enhancers ; absorption enhancers ; nose to brain delivery ; small intestine ; epithelium ; CNS disorders ; absorption modifying excipients ; insulin ; absorption enhancer ; gel ; intestinal delivery ; thermogel system ; Caco-2 ; biocompatibility studies ; absorption enhancement ; man ; PN159 ; poorly absorbed drug ; tryptophan ; tight junction ; oral macromolecule delivery ; penetration enhancer ; intestinal permeation enhancers ; nanocrystals ; simvastatin ; nanomedicine ; enterocyte ; N-dodecyl-?-D-maltoside (DDM) ; cell-penetrating peptide ; quaternization ; KLAL ; nasal ; nasal permeability ; transmucosal drug delivery ; Caco-2 cells ; mast cell activator ; penetration enhancers ; drug delivery ; nose-to-brain ; bioenhancer ; polymeric micelles ; mucoadhesion ; cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) ; simulated intestinal fluid ; vaginal delivery ; nasal formulation ; pharmacokinetic interaction ; sodium caprate ; clinical trial ; transmucosal permeation ; drug absorption enhancer ; sugar-based surfactants ; nanocapsules ; imatinib ; teriparatide ; osteoporosis ; hydrophobization ; F-actin ; combined microsphere ; transepithelial electrical resistance ; oral delivery ; ocular conditions ; metabolism ; antimicrobial peptide ; permeation enhancer ; drug administration ; antiepileptic drug ; amino acid ; in vivo studies ; sodium cholate (NaC) ; epithelial transport ; preclinical ; nose to brain transport ; pharmacokinetics ; chitosan derivatives ; ophthalmology ; tight junctions ; sheep ; cationic functionalization ; GLP-1 ; pulmonary ; and liposome ; cytochrome P450 ; claudin ; P-glycoprotein ; in situ hydrogel ; mucoadhesiveness ; PTH 1-34 ; Aloe vera ; oral peptides ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Extracellular Enzymes in Aquatic Environments: Exploring the Link Between Genomic Potential and Biogeochemical Consequences (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: Microbial ; activity ; extracellular enzyme ; marine ; freshwater ; Metabolic potential ; function ; metabolic ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKF Pathology::MKFM Medical microbiology and virology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    Farmers in the Forest (2023)
    University of Hawai'i Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Farmers in the Forest, while using examples chiefly from northern Thailand, is concerned with complex problems found in all tropical countries. In these areas rapid population growth, increasing demands for food, and burgeoning international markets for forest products and other raw materials are associated with active competition for land and natural resources in upland areas. This book brings together studies by administrators, agronomists, anthropologists, forest ecologists, geographers and jurists, who describe a variety of swidden systems and their effect on soil, forest, society, and economy. They point to conflicts between traditional farming systems and modern legal and administrative constraints now being imposed, and they describe special and technological conditions that contribute to a marginal, stagnant upland economy, increasing socio-economic disparities with the lowlands, and the serious ecological consequences of these conditions. Several possible solutions are suggested to solve these problems.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Anthropology ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPQ Central government::JPQB Central government policies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
    Language: English
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    A Continent Moving West? (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: A Continent Moving West? argues that the conceptualization of migration as a one-way or long-term process is becoming increasingly wide of the mark. Rather, east-west labor migration in Europe, in common perhaps with other flows in and from other parts of the world, is diverse, fluid, and influenced by the dynamics of local and sector-specific labor markets and migration-related political regulations. The papers in this book contribute to critical understanding of the east-west migration within the European Union after the 2004 enlargement, from the new to the old member states.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
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    Precise Genome Editing Techniques and Applications (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: precise genome editing ; CRISPR ; HDR efficiency ; biallelic HDR targeting ; off-target effect ; animal model ; base editing ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFN Medical genetics
    Language: English
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    From War to the Rule of Law (2023)
    Amsterdam University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: As recent events in Iraq demonstrate, countries that have suffered civil war or rule by military regime can face a long, difficult transition to peaceful democracy. Drawing on the experiences of Bosnia, Haiti, Rwanda and Afghanistan, this outstanding volume demonstrates that newly emerging democracies need more than emergency economic support: restoring the rule of law can involve the training of a new police force, for example, or the creation of an international war crimes tribunal. Concluding with specific recommendations for the UN and EU members,Voorhoeve reminds us that disregard for human rights or delay in civilian reconciliation can lead to resurgences of violence. This title is available in the OAPEN Library - http://www.oapen.org.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPB Comparative politics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology
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    Black Gold and Blackmail (2021)
    Cornell University Press | Cornell University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Black Gold and Blackmail seeks to explain why great powers adopt such different strategies to protect their oil access from politically motivated disruptions. In extreme cases, such as Imperial Japan in 1941, great powers fought wars to grab oil territory in anticipation of a potential embargo by the Allies; in other instances, such as Germany in the early Nazi period, states chose relatively subdued measures like oil alliances or domestic policies to conserve oil. What accounts for this variation? Fundamentally, it is puzzling that great powers fear oil coercion at all because the global market makes oil sanctions very difficult to enforce. Rosemary A. Kelanic argues that two variables determine what strategy a great power will adopt: the petroleum deficit, which measures how much oil the state produces domestically compared to what it needs for its strategic objectives; and disruptibility, which estimates the susceptibility of a state's oil imports to military interdiction—that is, blockade. Because global markets undercut the effectiveness of oil sanctions, blockade is in practice the only true threat to great power oil access. That, combined with the devastating consequences of oil deprivation to a state's military power, explains why states fear oil coercion deeply despite the adaptive functions of the market. Together, these two variables predict a state's coercive vulnerability, which determines how willing the state will be to accept the costs and risks attendant on various potential strategies. Only those great powers with large deficits and highly disruptible imports will adopt the most extreme strategy: direct control of oil through territorial conquest.
    Keywords: Political Science ; International Relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations
    Language: English
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    The U.S. Army and the New National Security Strategy (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: This book examines the Army's role in the war on terrorism; the Army's homeland security needs; the implications of increased emphasis on Asia; the Army's role in coalition operations; the unfinished business of jointness-the lessons learned from operations and how to prepare for the future; the Army's deployability, logistical, and personnel challenges; and whether the Army can afford its Transformation. These examinations are bracketed by an introduction, a description of the Army's place in the new national security strategy, and a summary of the authors' conclusions.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Management & Organizational Behavior ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJM Management & management techniques::KJMV Management of specific areas::KJMV2 Personnel & human resources management ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence
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    Microbial Ecotoxicology (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: Microbial communities ; Pollutants ; Environmental risk assessment ; Bioindication ; Biodegradation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKF Pathology::MKFM Medical microbiology and virology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    Los Angeles County Juvenile Justice Crime Prevention Act (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: California’s Juvenile Justice Crime Prevention Act provides funds for counties to offer evidence-based programs for high-need juvenile probationers and at-risk youth. This report, based on the annual report to the state legislature, outlines the program’s success for six outcome measures (completion of probation, restitution, and community service; arrests; probation violations; and incarcerations) and county-required supplemental outcomes.
    Keywords: Law ; History ; Political Science ; Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNF Criminal law: procedure and offences::LNFQ Juvenile criminal law ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JK Social services and welfare, criminology::JKS Social welfare and social services::JKSW Emergency services::JKSW1 Police and security services ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JK Social services and welfare, criminology::JKV Crime and criminology
    Language: English
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    Foundations of the Islamic State (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Drawing from 140 recently declassified documents, this report comprehensively examines the organization, territorial designs, management, personnel policies, and finances of the Islamic State of Iraq (ISI) and al-Qa‘ida in Iraq. Analysis of the Islamic State predecessor groups is more than a historical recounting. It provides significant understanding of how ISI evolved into the present-day Islamic State and how to combat the group.
    Keywords: Political Science ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHG Middle Eastern history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPW Political activism / Political engagement::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle
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    Neuroscientific Research for Management of Dementia (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: Alzheimer's disease ; Neurodegeneration ; Peptides ; cognitive ; model ; Parkinson's disease ; database ; transgenic ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    Toppling the Taliban (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: On September 11, 2001, the United States was without a plan for military operations in Afghanistan. One was quickly created by the Defense Department and operations began October 7. The Taliban was toppled in less than two months. This report describes preparations at CENTCOM and elsewhere, Army operations and support activities, building a coalition, and civil-military operations in Afghanistan from October 2001 through June 2002.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWK Military and defence strategy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations
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    Recent Progress of Nanomedicine and Targeted Drug Delivery for Cancer Treatment (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Currently, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and is the most complex and challenging disease known to humankind. Due to the complex underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis, as well as the intrinsic limitations of conventional cancer therapies, the effective treatment of cancer remains a great challenge. Novel therapeutic strategies with superior anticancer ability urgently need to be discovered. In recent years, nano-drug delivery systems have been extensively investigated and applied as alternatives to conventional cancer treatments. Cancer nanomedicines aim to achieve the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumor site, utilizing strategies such as passive targeting, active targeting and stimuli-triggered drug release, while simultaneously decreasing drug accumulation in normal tissues, which together lead to improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects. Currently, several cancer nanomedicines are in regular use, and several others are in various stages of development.This Special Issue will highlight recent progress in the development of novel nanomedicines and targeted drug delivery systems for cancer therapy.
    Keywords: graphene quantum dot ; targeted drug delivery ; photothermal therapy ; chemo-therapy ; polymeric prodrug ; theranostic nanocomplex ; pH-triggering releasing ; magnetic targeting ; magnetic hyperthermia ; magnetic resonance imaging ; docetaxel ; adenosine receptors ; PLGA ; nanoparticles ; lung cancer ; Notch signaling ; RBPJ protein ; drug repurposing ; fidaxomicin ; acarbose ; schaftoside ; breast cancer ; experimental skin cancer ; entrapment efficacy ; ethosomes ; metformin ; in vitro permeation ; zeta potential ; sesamol ; albumin nanoparticles ; doxorubicin ; oxidative stress ; antioxidants ; tumor-derived membrane vesicles ; cancer therapy ; tumor vaccine ; personalized immunotherapy ; low-density lipoprotein ; nanoparticle ; tumor microenvironment-responsive ; magnetic nanofluid ; improved magnetic resonance imaging ; neutral-responsive Fenton reaction ; enhanced chemodynamic therapy ; brain targeting ; folate receptor ; glioma cancer ; erlotinib ; blood–brain barrier ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    Frontiers in Sports and Active Living: Anniversary Edition (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: Sport ; performance ; physiology ; kinesiology ; biomechanics ; health ; exercise ; physical activity ; athletes ; training ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::S Sports and Active outdoor recreation ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKW Sports injuries and medicine
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    The Functional Anatomy of the Reticular Formation (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: Brainstem monoamine neurons ; locus coeruleus ; emotion ; pain ; morphometry ; amphetamine derivatives ; sleep ; gaze ; trigeminal nerve ; microglia. ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Processes in Cardiovascular Diseases (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: It is long known that many cells can shed extracellular vesicles, small membrane-enclosed cell fragments. Although the existence of extracellular vesicles has been recognized for many years, researchers are only beginning to understand their physiologic significance. Several recent studies have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles released from cells serve as a mode of cellular communication. They can carry diverse molecular payload (e.g. nucleic acids, bioactive lipids and proteins) to distal organs and recipient cells. Extracellular vesicles can be classified into three major groups: exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. All these types of extracellular vesicles can be found in a variety of biologic specimen and their numbers, distribution and composition may serve as biomarkers for various disorders, including cardiovascular disease. Although extracellular vesicle-mediated processes are currently best characterized in the fields of cancer biology and neurobiology, evidence is accumulating that extracellular vesicles play a key role in the pathophysiology of diabetes, thrombosis, inflammation and cardiovascular calcification. In this Research Topic, we invited review and methodological articles that advance our understanding of extracellular vesicle-related processes in vascular biology.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; Angiogenesis ; Atherosclerosis ; Extracellular vesicles ; Calcification ; Biomarkers ; Cardiovascular disease ; Inflammation ; Exosomes ; Platelets ; Heart valve ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Prognostic Factors for Pediatric Tumors (2024)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: In this Special Issue, recent advancements in the field of pediatric tumors are discussed, and novel prognostic markers are critically appraised. Greater understanding of the heterogeneity of pediatric cancers will ultimately lead to new therapeutic strategies with the potential to provide new prospects for precision medicine in pediatric oncology.
    Keywords: undernutrition ; obesity ; nutritional status ; childhood cancer ; overall survival ; event-free survival ; relapse ; treatment-related toxicity ; review ; sarcoma botryoides ; fertility-sparing surgery ; embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma ; genital tract ; prognosis ; treatment ; local debulking ; neoadjuvant chemotherapy ; radiation ; ovarian cancer ; adolescents ; diagnosis ; therapy ; guidelines ; children ; papillary thyroid cancer ; proto-oncogene B-raf gene (BRAF) ; craniopharyngioma ; recurrence ; risk factors ; youth ; acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) ; child ; genetics ; CDKN2A/2B deletions ; fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) ; multiple-ligation probe amplification (MLPA) ; copy-number alterations (CNAs) ; risk stratification ; minimal residual disease (MRD) ; cardiotoxicity ; chemotherapeutics agents ; biomarkers ; omics technology ; medulloblastoma ; tumor ; histologic ; pediatrics ; micro-RNAs ; non-coding RNAs ; molecular subgroup ; stratification ; acute lymphoblastic leukemia ; proteomics ; oncology ; chemotherapy ; cardiac function tests ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    Polymer Materials in Biomedical Application (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Recently, the development of polymeric materials for biomedical applications has advanced significantly. Polymeric materials are favored in the development of therapeutic devices, including temporary implants and three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering and in vitro disease modelling.Further advancements have also occurred in the utilization of polymeric materials for pharmacological applications, such as delivery vehicles for drug release.We would like to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue. Research topics of interest include, but are not limited to, recent advances related to 3D cell culture, biomaterials, tissue engineering, disease modelling, hydrogel, organoids, drug discovery, bioimaging, cardio-renal, metabolic disease, and stem cell biology.
    Keywords: hydrogels ; crosslinking ; degradable ; gamma (γ)-irradiation ; sterilization ; sterility assurance ; antibacterial ability ; jojoba ; Simmondsia ; chemistry ; liquid wax ; biology ; toxicity ; pharmaceutical/industrial uses ; articular cartilage ; mechanical properties ; tribological properties ; antibacterial ; pathogens ; infectious diseases ; silver nanoparticles ; wound care ; wound dressings ; polymers ; gelatin ; nanofibers ; sponges ; Ag/RGO nanocomposites ; green preparation ; anticancer performance ; potential mechanism ; oxidative stress ; hydrogel ; poloxamer 407 polymer ; poloxamer 407 gel ; transungual drug delivery ; onychomycosis ; ungual penetration enhancer ; Terbinafine ; diafiltration ; SAXS ; aromatic interactions ; poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) ; chlorpheniramine ; polyelectrolyte ; aggregation ; coaxial electrospinning ; extracellular matrix ; myelination ; oligodendrocyte ; water-soluble materials ; orthokeratology lens ; protein deposition ; optical characteristics ; rubbing ; chitosan ; kenaf ; nanocrystalline cellulose ; platelet lysate ; wound healing ; carbohydrate polymers blends ; functional food ; antioxidant activity ; co-microencapsulation ; spray drying ; bacteria viability (Bacillus clausii) ; probiotics ; itraconazole ; self-emulsifying nanovesicles ; transungual ; anti-fungal ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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    How to improve immune reconstitution in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation? (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is widely used in the treatment of haematological malignancies as a form of immunotherapy acting through a graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) reaction. This curative allogeneic response can be associated with severe drawbacks, such as frequent and severe graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and a long-lasting immunodeficiency, especially now with the development of innovative strategies such as umbilical cord blood transplantation or transplants from haplo-identical family donors (Haplo-HSCT). In the long-term follow-up of these patients, severe post-transplant infections, relapse or secondary malignancies may be directly related to persistent immune defects.Reconstitution of the different lymphocyte populations (B, T, NK, NKT) and antigen presenting cells of myeloid origin (monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells) should be considered not only quantitatively but especially qualitatively, in terms of functional subsets. Immune deficiency leading to an increased susceptibility to infections lasts for more than a year. Although infections that occur in the first month mostly result from a deficiency in both granulocytes and mononuclear cells (MNC), later post-engraftment infections are due to a deficiency in MNC subsets, primarily CD4 T-cells and B-cells. T-cell reconstitution has been extensively studied because of the central role of T-cells in mediating both GvHD, evidenced by the reduced incidence of this complication following T-Cell depletion, and a GvL effect as shown by DLI. In the recent years there has been renewed interest in the role of NK-cells, especially in the context of Haplo-HSCT, and in B-cell reconstitution.This Frontiers Research Topic will provide state of the art knowledge of the mechanisms of immune reconstitution in an allogeneic environment, in order to improve monitoring and therapeutic intervention in allo-HSCT patients.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC581-607 ; cell therapy ; Immune reconstitution ; Haplo-SCT ; HSCT ; Thymic function ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Beyond NATO (2021)
    Brookings Institution Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: In this new Brookings Marshall Paper, Michael O’Hanlon argues that now is the time for Western nations to negotiate a new security architecture for neutral countries in eastern Europe to stabilize the region and reduce the risks of war with Russia. He believes NATO expansion has gone far enough. The core concept of this new security architecture would be one of permanent neutrality. The countries in question collectively make a broken-up arc, from Europe’s far north to its south: Finland and Sweden; Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus; Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan; and finally Cyprus plus Serbia, as well as possibly several other Balkan states. Discussion on the new framework should begin within NATO, followed by deliberation with the neutral countries themselves, and then formal negotiations with Russia.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Security Politics ; NATO ; Western Nations ; Russia ; International Relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations
    Language: English
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    Rheumatic Diseases: Pathophysiology, Targeted Therapy, Focus on Vascular and Pulmonary Manifestations (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This e-book summarises the latest advances in the rheumatic diseases with a focus on the recent efforts of vascular and pulmonary manifestations and anticipate the new and future directions of these research topic. Rheumatic diseases represent a heterogeneous group of severe autoimmune disorders. The present Special Issue aims to provide an overview of the complexity of vascular and pulmonary manifestations of rheumatologic diseases and helps in knowledge to manage them. The eleven published articles here collected underline the complexity of rheumatic diseases and the difficult to treated them. The manuscripts provide an overview of the pathophysiology and current treatment regimes of these disorders, highlighting tools which assist with diagnosis, risk stratification and therapy. Finally, we underline the importance of a multidisciplinary team working using the skills of clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists.
    Keywords: systemic sclerosis ; scleroderma ; interstitial lung disease ; pulmonary function tests ; high-resolution computed tomography ; rheumatic ; pulmonary arterial hypertension ; targeted therapy ; systemic lupus erythematosus ; airway disease ; shrinking lung syndrome ; diffuse alveolar hemorrhage ; pleurisy ; infection ; cardiopulmonary exercise testing ; osteopontin ; connective tissue diseases ; pulmonary involvement ; microvascular involvement ; nailfold capillaroscopy ; rheumatoid arthritis ; interstitial lung diseases ; CX3CL1/fractalkine ; CX3CR1 ; M1 macrophage ; M2 macrophage ; SKG mice ; heart failure ; 3D-echocardiography ; ventricular function ; outcome ; ventricular-arterial coupling ; antifibrotic agents ; COVID-19 ; IPF ; progressive fibrosing ILD ; UIP ; pharmacological interactions ; fibromyalgia ; gastrointestinal symptoms ; probiotic ; VSL#3® ; efficacy ; tolerability ; polymyalgia rheumatica ; vagus nerve stimulation ; inflammatory response ; PMR ; t-vns ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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    Recent advances in γδ T cell biology: New ligands, new functions, and new translational perspectives (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Gamma/delta (γδ) T-cells are a small subset of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral circulation but constitute a major T-cell population at other anatomical localizations such as the epithelial tissues. In contrast to conventional a/ß T-cells, the available number of germline genes coding for T-cell receptor (TCR) variable elements of γδ T-cells is very small. Moreover, there is a prefential localization of γδ T-cells expressing given Vgamma and Vdelta genes in certain tissues. In humans, γδ T-cells expressing the Vg9Vd2-encoded TCR account for anywhere between 50 and 〉95% of peripheral blood γδ T-cells, whereas cells expressing non-Vd2 genes dominate in mucosal tissues. In mice, there is an ordered appearance of γδ T-cell „waves“ during embryonic development, resulting in preferential localization of γδ T-cells expressing distinct VgammaVdelta genes in the skin, the reproductive organs, or gut epithelia. The major function of γδ T-cells resides in local immunosurveillance and immune defense against infection and malignancy. This is supported by the identification of ligands that are selectively recognized by the γδ TCR. As an example, human Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cells recognize phosphorylated metabolites („phosphoantigens“) that are secreted by many pathogens but can also be overproduced by tumor cells, providing a basis for a role of these γδ T-cells in both anti-infective and anti-tumor immunity. Similarly, the recognition of endothelial protein C receptor by human non-Vdelta2 γδ T-cells has recently been identified to provide a link for the role for such γδ T-cells in immunity against epithelial tumor cells and cytomegalovirus-infected endothelial cells. In addition to „classical“ functions such as cytokine production and cytotoxicity, recent studies suggest that subsets of γδ T-cells can exert additional functions such as regulatory activity and – quite surpisingly – „professional“ antigen-presenting capacity. It is currently not well known how this tremendous extent of functional plasticity is regulated and what is the extent of γδ TCR ligand diversity. Due to their non-MHC-restricted recognition of unusual stress-associated ligands, γδ T-cells have raised great interest as to their potential translational application in cell-based immunotherapy. Topics of this Research Focus include: Molecular insights into the activation and differentiation requirements of γδ T-cells, role of pyrophosphates and butyrophilin molecules for the activation of human γδ T-cells, role of γδ T-cells in tumor immunity and in other infectious and non-infectious diseases, and many others. We are most grateful to all colleagues who agreed to write a manuscript. Thanks to their contributions, this E-book presents an up-to-date overview on many facets of the still exciting γδ T-cells.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC581-607 ; Infection ; Butyrophilin 3A1 ; Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes ; cancer immunotherapy ; IL-17 ; Pyrophosphates ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Traditional Medicines and Globalisation (2021)
    Maven Publishers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: The development of natural products requires the confluence of the modern techniques and integrated approaches in various fields of science and technology. Intention of this book is to highlight different aspects of globalization of traditional medicine with the focus on some crucial and contemporary issues on validation of natural products. Eminent scientists around the globe have contributed for this book on different issues of ethnopharmacology, traditional medicine and globalization. Given the importance on promotion and development of natural products, this book covers various aspects on revitalization of traditional medicines. The contributors have provided an insight into the modem aspects and future of traditional medicine inspired drug development, validation, safety related quality issues, sustainability and globalization. Bringing together expertise from academia and industry, this edited volume provides an overview of traditional medicine with wisdom and know-how in both innovation and commercialization, placing natural product research in a broader sense for readers. This edited volume contains 68 chapters emphasizing several thrust areas of ethnopharmacology and natural products. A wide diversity of chapters has been contributed by eminent personalities throughout the world including Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, Sri. Shekhar Dutt, Dr. Marco Leonti, Dr. G. A. Cordell, Dr. R. Verpoorte, Dr. P. J. Houghton, Dr. P. Pushpangadan, Dr. Y. K. Gupta, Dr. A.K.S. Rawat, Dr. S.K. Kulkarni, Dr. Colin W. Wright, Dr. S. C. Mandal, Dr. C. K. Katiyar, Dr. T. K. Mukherjee, Dr. S. Rajan, Dr. G. Schemda, Dr. P. K. Debnath, Dr. Bob Alkin, Dr. Elfin Y. Sukandar, Dr. N. Maity, Dr. A. K. Mitra, Dr. E. Hossain, Dr. H. Fukui, Dr. S.Bhadra, Dr. N. Neema, Dr. H. Mizuguchi, Dr. D. Chattopadhyay, Dr. T. Sen, Dr. Erdem Yesilada, Dr. S.K.Mitra, Dr. S.C. Bachar, Dr. S. Karmakar, Dr. G. B. J. Bailly, Dr. P. Haldar, Dr. Y. Oztruk, Dr. S. Pandit, and others. All representing the-state-of-the-art of the field, and thus would be interesting sources for information. This book will be of enormous help to the undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers and academia and all others working in the area of Ethnopharmacology and natural product research. It will be an imperative addition to the libraries of technical and administrative personnel in the industries and Universities as a potential resource to update their knowledge.
    Keywords: Globalization ; traditional medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Research Topics in Medicines and How Our Board Members Are Engaged in Them (2022)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: With the development of analytical instruments, the academic system has become more complicated, producing new journals one after another. Therefore, it became much important to clarify what is original of “Medicines”. As the name Medicines indicates, it includes science and practice of caring for a patient and managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment or palliation of their injury or disease. Therefore, Medicines differs from other journals with similar title in that it covers a wide range of fields, from traditional medicine to rapidly developing molecular-targeted drugs, focusing on their pharmacological effects, structure–activity relationships, metabolic pathways, gene expression, using cultured cells, animals, and clinical trials. Most parts of this Special Issue were written by our editorial board members, who described the research topics and how they are engaged in their field of research. All of these articles are their life-long story. We collected a total number of 22 original works by basic researchers and clinical doctors. We hope that readers can get a chance to know the current status of diverse fields of medicines, and what your most important research themes are after reading these articles.
    Keywords: Hedychium ; traditional medicine ; coronarin D ; villosin ; anti-acetylcholinesterase ; antidiabetic ; anti-inflammatory ; antimicrobial ; antioxidant ; antitumor ; Genista tridentata ; Pterospartum tridentatum ; isoflavones ; flavonols ; genistein ; biochanin A ; rutin ; daidzein ; inflammatory bowel disease ; Crohn’s disease ; ulcerative colitis ; extra-intestinal manifestations ; orofacial granulomatosis ; tag-like lesions ; cobblestoning ; mucogingivitis ; lip swelling ; aphthous stomatitis ; Angelicae Sinensis Radix ; Danggui ; granules ; herb ; multivariate analysis ; ultra-performance liquid chromatography ; Tai Chi ; qigong ; immune system ; immunity ; inflammation ; telemedicine ; remote monitoring ; GER-e-TEC ; elderly patient ; artificial intelligence ; geriatric syndromes ; detection of the precursory signs of decompensation of geriatric syndromes ; renal cell cancer ; genomic landscape ; targeted therapy ; tumor evolution ; tumor heterogeneity ; allergic rhinitis ; quercetin ; human CD4+ T cells ; Th1/Th2 cytokine balance ; modulation ; in vitro ; intravascular catheter ; CRBSI ; biofilm ; CVC ; antifouling ; chromone ; tumor specificity ; QSAR analysis ; apoptosis ; cell cycle analysis ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; LI-RADS ; chronic liver disease ; granuloma annulare ; granulomatous disorders of the skin ; inflammatory skin conditions ; medical dermatology ; biliary tract cancer ; cholangiocarcinoma ; PARP ; BRCA ; olaparib ; rucaparib ; liver cancer ; pancreatic adenocarcinoma ; pancreatic cancer ; sarcoidosis ; superior vena cava syndrome ; venous thrombosis ; RUCAM ; Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method ; diagnostic algorithm ; iDILI ; iDrug induced liver injury ; DILI ; HILI ; herb induced liver injury ; Stachys L. ; traditional uses ; pharmacological activities ; phytochemicals ; bioactive compounds ; Kampo formulae ; alkaline extract of Sasa sp. ; pine cone extract ; povidone-iodine ; HSV ; HIV ; loss of infectivity ; solubilization method ; diaphragmatic breathing ; abdominal breathing ; breathing exercise ; systematic review ; randomized controlled trial ; respiratory function ; auricular acupuncture ; preoperative anxiety ; protocol ; randomized controlled trials ; meta-analysis ; boiogito ; knee osteoarthritis ; rat ; Yokukansan ; fentanyl ; transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel ; phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) ; whole-cell patch-clamp recording ; herbal medicine ; calcium metabolism ; bone metabolism ; protease ; osteoclast ; macrophage ; RANKL ; LPS ; TLR4 ; TREM2 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    Proceedings of Olivebioteq 2018 – Olive Management, Biotechnology and Authenticity of Olive Products (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: biotechnology ; abiotic stress ; crop management ; oil quality ; table olive ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Regional Cohesion in Europe 2020-2021 (2021)
    European Investment Bank | European Investment Bank
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: EU Cohesion Policy aims to strengthen economic, social and territorial cohesion across the European Union and to correct imbalances between countries and regions. The green and digital transition are key priorities of Cohesion Policy for the next years. Cohesion support 2021-2027 is focused on five key policy objectives to support growth: A more competitive and smarter Europe A greener, low-carbon transition towards a net zero carbon economy A more connected Europe by enhancing mobility A more social and inclusive Europe A Europe closer to citizens by fostering the sustainable and integrated development of all types of territories. EU funds will support investment across these policy objectives with a particular focus on a smart and green Europe. However, the COVID-19 pandemic risks deepening divergences between citizens, territories and firms. Firms across the EU will need to adapt to the post-pandemic environment and megatrends, notably digitalization and climate change, to stay competitive looking ahead. The EU has committed to a joint recovery centered on fostering the transition towards a greener and smarter economy across the EU. The extent to which this will mitigate the risks of rising inequalities and divergences across firms depends not least on support for cohesion. Data coming from the EIB Investment Survey (EIBIS) provides a unique tool to gain insights on how non-financial corporates in cohesion and non-cohesion regions are behaving. EIBIS information sheds new light on investment needs and gaps, financing requirements as well as firm activity on innovation, digitalization and climate change.
    Keywords: Political Science ; International Relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations
    Language: English
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    Global health issues of aflatoxins in food and agriculture: Challenges and opportunities (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Aflatoxins are a group of polyketide mycotoxins that are produced mainly by members of the genus Aspergillus. Production of these toxic secondary metabolites is closely related to fungal development (Keller et al., 2005; Jamali et al., 2012). Contamination of food, feed and agricultural commodities by aflatoxins poses enormous economic and serious health concerns because these chemicals are highly carcinogenic and can directly influence the structure of DNA. The resulting genetic defects can lead to fetal misdevelopment and miscarriages; aflatoxins are also known to suppress immune systems (Razzaghi-Abyaneh et al., 2013). In a global context, aflatoxin contamination is a constant concern between the 35N and 35S latitude where developing countries are mainly situated. With expanding boundaries of developing countries, aflatoxin contamination has become a persistent problem to those emerging areas (Shams-Ghahfarokhi et al., 2013). The continuing threat by aflatoxin contamination of food, feed and agricultural commodities to the world population has made aflatoxin research one of the most exciting and rapidly developing study areas of microbial toxins. The present research topic includes six review articles, three mini reviews and four original research articles. Contributors highlight current global health issues arising from aflatoxins and aflatoxigenic fungi and cover important aspects of aflatoxin research including contamination of crops, epidemiology, molecular biology and management strategies. Special attention is given to fungus-plant host interactions, biodiversity and biocontrol, sexual recombination in aflatoxigenic aspergilli, potential biomarkers for aflatoxin exposure in humans and safe storage programs.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; QR1-502 ; Q1-390 ; TX341-641 ; genetic diversity ; Public Health ; Aspergillus flavus ; Genomics ; MicroRNAs ; Fungus host interactions ; biological control ; aflatoxin ; agricultural crops ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    Austrian Studies Today (2023)
    University of New Orleans Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This volume celebrates the study of Austria in the twentieth century by historians, political scientists and social scientists produced in the previous twenty-four volumes of Contemporary Austrian Studies. One contributor from each of the previous volumes has been asked to update the state of scholarship in the field addressed in the respective volume. The title Austrian Studies Today, then, attempts to reflect the state of the art of historical and social science related studies of Austria over the past century, without claiming to be comprehensive. The volume thus covers many important themes of Austrian contemporary history and politics since the collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy in 1918―from World War I and its legacies, to the rise of authoritarian regimes in the 1930s and 1940s, to the reconstruction of republican Austria after World War II, the years of Grand Coalition governments and the Kreisky era, all the way to Austria joining the European Union in 1995 and its impact on Austria's international status and domestic politics.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; European Studies ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHB General and world history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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    Emerging Materials for Additive Manufacturing (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: In this reprint, state-of-the-art research and review articles on emerging material systems for additive manufacturing (AM) are collected, with a focus on the process–structure–properties relationships. Additive manufacturing (AM) has grown and evolved rapidly in recent years. There are many exciting research and translational works in many areas of application, such as biomedical, aerospace and electronics. These advancements are typically coupled with materials development, which has resulted in more functionalities added to 3D-printed parts, such as multi-material fabrications and integration with machine learning or digital twins. Such enhancements in functionalities have enabled the evolution of AM from a rapid prototyping tool to an actual manufacturing solution. In this reprint, two reviews and thirteen original research articles are included to highlight the latest development in the field of materials science for AM.
    Keywords: titanium scaffolds ; 3D printing ; pore design ; selective laser melting ; lattice structures ; torsion ; design ; additive manufacturing ; functionally gradient lattice ; torsional stiffness ; energy absorption ; failure behavior ; ferritic steel ; heat treatment ; SLM ; nuclear application ; laser powder bed fusion ; solidification crack ; hot crack ; aluminum alloy powder ; EN AW-5083 ; AA5083 ; AlSi10Mg ; powder bed fusion ; metal matrix composites ; laser powder-bed fusion ; aluminum alloys ; reinforcement ; ceramic particulates ; grain refinement ; crystallographic texture ; mechanical properties ; laser-directed energy deposition ; melt pool ; process maps ; multi-fidelity Gaussian process ; Bayesian Optimization ; uncertainty quantification ; K418 alloy ; orientation ; phase ; microhardness ; color 3D printing ; penetration depth ; chromaticity ; image-based metric ; color reproduction ; Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn ; titanium alloy ; biomedical engineering ; microstructure ; X-ray diffraction ; directed energy deposition ; shape-memory alloys ; joining of metals ; elemental powders ; 3D concrete printing (3DCP) ; hybrids ; geopolymer ; frost resistance ; UV radiation ; thermal conductivity ; surface finishing ; physical vapor deposition ; composites ; recycling ; polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) ; direct ink writing ; liquid deposition modeling ; glass fibers ; stainless steel ; AISI 316L ; AISI 630 (17-4PH) ; AISI 420 ; AISI 440C ; carbon content ; online monitoring ; electron beam melting ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    Chapter 8 Computational Modelling of the Steps Involved in Photodynamic Therapy (2021)
    InTechOpen | Molecular Photochemistry - Various Aspects
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a branch of phototherapy that has seen a surge of interest in the last few decades, due to its potential in the treatment of various cancers, infections and heart disease.(Bonnett, 2000) This chapter aims to give an overview of the various photochemical steps involved in PDT as a cancer therapy, and in particular the challenges and insight gained from their theoretical description. After a brief review of PDT in general, in a biological and chemical context, the photochemical steps involved will be discussed, detailing the computational techniques required to model these chemical pathways theoretically. We will detail the methodologies that can currently be applied, as well as their limitations of use at present, and areas requiring further development.
    Keywords: computational modelling ; photodynamic therapy ; computational modelling ; photodynamic therapy ; Electron ; Excited state ; Ground state ; Molecule ; Multi-configurational self-consistent field ; Pacific Time Zone ; Photosensitizer ; Porphyrin ; Wave function ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Language: English
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    MALDI-TOF MS Application for Susceptibility Testing of Microorganisms (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: mass spectometry ; MALDI-TOF ; susceptibility testing ; carbapenamase ; resistance detection ; MRSA - Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKF Pathology::MKFM Medical microbiology and virology ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    Marine Compounds and Cancer (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In Western countries, cancer is among the most frequent causes of death. Despite striking advances in cancer therapy, especially by the so called “targeted agents”, there is still an urgent need for new drugs in oncology. Hope comes from the marine environment, which is a rich source of natural compounds showing anti-cancer activity. To date, four marine cytotoxic substances, namely cytarabine, trabectidine, eribulin, and monomethyl auristatin E (as a drug-antibody conjugate named vedotin) have made it into clinical routine. Many more are in all phases of clinical testing, and a plethora of substances has already been examined for in vitro and in vivo activity. Interestingly, more and more precise research tools allow the dissection of the molecular mode of action of these cytotoxic substances, thereby uncovering the specific drug targets in cancer cells. This development will blur the edges between “targeted” and “untargeted” therapy, and will hopefully lead to a more directed use of cancer medicine (based on a molecular rationale of activity) in the future. This Topical Collection will cover the whole scope from agents with cancer-preventive activity, to novel and previously characterized compounds with anti-cancer activity, both in vitro and in vivo, and the latest status of clinical development from drug trials. Of note, compounds possessing pro-carcinogenic activity or mediating cancer cell survival are also within the scope of this Topical Collection. In addition, a special focus will be placed on current shortfalls and possible strategies to overcome obstacles in the area of marine anti-cancer drug development.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; toxicology ; marine toxins ; drug discovery ; marine natural compounds and their derivatives ; xenograft models ; drug combination ; cancer ; drug resistance ; cancer-preventive activity ; molecular effects ; molecular targets ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Civil Democratic Islam (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: In the face of Islam's own internal struggles, it is not easy to see who we should support and how. This report provides detailed descriptions of subgroups, their stands on various issues, and what those stands may mean for the West. Since the outcomes can matter greatly to international community, that community might wish to influence them by providing support to appropriate actors. The author recommends a mixed approach of providing specific types of support to those who can influence the outcomes in desirable ways.
    Keywords: Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPW Political activism::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle
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    Personalized Medicine for Parkinson's Disease (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Personalized medicine for Parkinson’s disease is a growing and emerging concept in light of recent recognition that Parkinson’s is a syndromic condition affecting multiple neurotransmitter systems, as well as brain and extracranial structures. The clinical expression is, thus, heterogeneous, and presentation age can range from the 30s to the 90s, with PD in older patients being associated with significant neuropathological comorbidity as well, involving not just misfolded alpha synuclein deposition but also amyloid and tau. Traditional and largely guideline-driven “one size fits all” management strategies adopted in clinical practice are, therefore, often inadequate in holistic management of a patient, particularly when aspects of motor and nonmotor symptoms are taken into consideration. In this supplement of JPM, we present a selection of papers which address several possible strands of personalized medicine in PD, ranging from genomic precision medicine to digital “checklists” to ensure delivery of holistic personalized medicine involving nonpharmacological strategies, as well. We are soliciting any papers addressing biomarkers, genetics and pharmacogenetics, treatment or complementary therapies for personalized or individualized treatment for PD.
    Keywords: Parkinson’s disease ; movement disorders ; periodontitis ; periodontal disease ; hematologic tests ; Vitamin D ; oral health ; Parkinson’s Disease ; cognition ; GABAergic signaling ; cerebellum ; MRS ; response inhibition ; non-motor symptoms ; carer stress ; older persons with Parkinson’s disease ; education ; lifestyle behaviours ; diet ; cross-sectional ; population study ; neurological disorders ; precision medicine ; genetics ; clinical trials ; Parkinson’s disease (PD) ; cognitive rehabilitation ; intervention ; deep brain stimulation ; levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel ; apomorphine ; radiofrequency ; focused ultrasound ; induced pluripotent stem cells ; cell therapy ; gene therapy ; personalized medicine ; advanced Parkinson’s disease (APD) ; apomorphine subcutaneous infusion therapy ; pain ; intrajejunal ; levodopa ; motor and non-motor symptoms ; PKG (KinetiGrap) ; rehabilitation ; device-aided therapies ; personalised medicine ; Alzheimer’s disease ; clinical trial ; impulsive-compulsive disorders (ICD) ; dopaminergic therapy ; genetic markers ; pharmacogenetic ; polymorphisms ; insomnia ; sleep quality ; assessment ; young onset Parkinson’s (YOPD) ; Emiratis ; expatriate ; genetic ; epigenetics ; societal impact ; device aided therapies ; quality of life ; non motor symptoms ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
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    Urological Cancer 2022 (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: In the urological sphere, the number of tumor malignancies caused by cancer is continuously growing in Western countries. Although this is mainly due to the contemporary increase in the life expectancy of people in these geographic areas, many other factors are also contributing to this growth. Urological cancer is a complex and varied disease which affects different organs and mainly affects the male population. In fact, in most statistics, kidney, prostate, and bladder cancer are regularly included in the top-ten list of the most frequent neoplasms in males. The female population, however, has also been increasingly affected by renal and bladder cancer in the last decade. From these facts, it is clear that urological cancer is a problem of major concern in developed societies. This Topic Issue of Cancers intends to shed some light on the complexity of this field and will consider all useful and appropriate contributions from scientists and clinicians in order to improve urological cancer knowledge for patients’ benefit.
    Keywords: high-risk prostate cancer ; androgen receptor axis ; castration resistance ; neuroendocrine carcinoma ; PARP inhibition ; immunotherapy ; cancer genome ; precision targeting ; robot-assisted partial nephrectomy ; renal cell carcinoma ; indocyanine green ; nephron sparing ; prostate cancer survivors ; follow-up care ; primary health care ; general practice ; process evaluation ; Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research ; prostate-specific membrane antigen positron-emission tomography ; multiparametric magnetic-resonance imaging ; primary diagnosis ; prostate cancer ; systematic review ; diagnosis ; PSMA ; PSA ; tumor ; PET scan ; bladder cancer ; bisphenol A ; bisphenol S ; energy metabolism ; migration ; proliferation ; carbon-ion radiotherapy ; elderly patients ; radiotherapy ; particle beam therapy ; life expectancy ; systemic immune-inflammation index ; Charlson comorbidity index ; CAPRA-S ; early survival ; male incontinence ; robotic prostatectomy ; clear cell renal cell carcinoma ; ferroptosis ; prognostic model ; TCGA ; E-MTAB-1980 ; GLS2 ; pazopanib ; real-world data ; non-interventional study ; time on drug ; nivolumab ; everolimus ; trial-eligibility ; ureteral neoplasms ; urinary bladder neoplasms ; ureteroscopy ; CNTF ; CNTFRα ; LNCaP ; 22Rv1 ; castration resistant ; castration sensitive ; STAT3 ; ERK ; MMP ; biomarker ; Gleason grade ; transforming growth factor-β family ; activin ; INHBA ; INHBB ; INHBC ; prostate-specific antigen ; false-positive results ; real world-data ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    Assessing Freedom of Movement for Counterinsurgency Campaigns (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Freedom of movement (FoM) is the actual or perceived degree to which individuals or groups can move from place to place within a given environment or into and out of that environment. Focusing specifically on Afghanistan, this examination considers actual and perceived FoM for a range of groups and profiles the factors that influence them and affect data reporting in potentially misleading ways.
    Keywords: Political Science ; History ; Technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWK Military and defence strategy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations::JPSH Espionage and secret services ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TT Other technologies and applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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    Sea Power and American Interests in the Western Pacific (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This book examines the strategic choices that American and Chinese decisionmakers face regarding sea power in the Western Pacific, shaped by geography, history, technology, and politics. In particular, the author explores the potential for cooperation on maritime security in the Western Pacific, and how the United States might pursue such cooperation as part of a broader strategy to advance its interests in the region.
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHF Asian history ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWC Military forces and sectors::JWCK Naval forces and warfare ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations
    Language: English
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    Epigenetics of B Cells and Antibody Responses (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Epigenetics is the study of changes in gene activity that are heritable but not caused by changes in the DNA sequence. By modulating gene activities, epigenetic changes regulate cell functions. They include DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modifications and gene silencing by the action of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs. It is now clear that epigenetic changes regulate B cell development. By acting in concert with networks of transcription factors, they modulate the activation of B cell lineage specific gene programs and repress inappropriate gene transcription in particular B cell differentiation states. A hallmark of B cell development in the bone marrow is the assembly of the B cell receptor (BCR) for antigen through rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy (IgH) and light (IgL) chain V(D)J genes, as mediated by RAG1/RAG2 recombinases. Ig V(D)J rearrangement critically times the progression from pro-B cell to pre-B cell and, finally, mature B cell. Such progression is modulated by epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation and histone posttranslational modifications, that increase chromatin accessibility and target RAG/RAG2 to V, D and J DNA. It is also dependent on the expression of multiple microRNAs. Mice deficient in Ago2, which is essential for microRNA biogenesis and function, have B cell development blocked at the pro-B cell stage. In agreement with this, B cell specific ablation of microRNA by B cell-specific knockout of Dicer virtually blocks B cell differentiation at the pro-B to pre-B cell transition. After mature B cells encounter antigen, changes of the epigenetic landscape are induced by the same stimuli that drive the antibody response; such epigenetic changes underpin the maturation of the antibody response itself. They instruct those B cell differentiation processes, somatic hypermutation (SHM), class switch DNA recombination (CSR) and plasma cell differentiation, that are central to the maturation of the antibody response as well as differentiation of memory B cells. Inducible histone modifications, together with DNA methylation and microRNAs modulate the transcriptome, particularly the expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), central to SHM and CSR, and B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1), which is central to plasma cell differentiation. Combinatorial histone modifications also function as histone codes in the targeting of the CSR and, possibly, the SHM machinery to the Ig locus by recruiting specific adaptors (histone code readers) that can in turn target and/or stabilize CSR/SHM factors. Epigenetic alterations in memory B cells contribute to their functionally distinction from their naive counterparts. Memory B cells inherit epigenetic information from their precursors and acquire new epigenetic marks, which make these resting B cells poised to promptly respond to antigen. The cross/feedback regulation of different epigenetic modifications/elements further increases the complexity of the B cell epigenome, which interacts with the genetic information for precise modulation of gene expression. It is increasingly evident that epigenetic dysregulation in B cells, including aberrant expression of microRNAs, can result in aberrant antibody responses to microbial pathogens, emergence of pathogenic autoantibodies or B cell neoplastic transformation. Epigenetic marks are potential targets for new therapeutics in autoimmunity and B cell malignancy.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC581-607 ; BLIMP-1 ; CSR ; immunoglobulin ; memory B cell ; Plasma cell ; V(D)J Recombination ; microRNA ; SHM ; AID ; epigenetics ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    Experimental models of early exposure to alcohol: a way to unravel the neurobiology of mental retardation (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Excessive alcohol drinking represents a major social and public health problem for several countries. Alcohol abuse during pregnancy leads to a complex syndrome referred to as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), chiefly characterized by mental retardation. The effects of early exposure to ethanol can be reproduced in laboratory animals and this helped to answer several key questions concerning the human pathology. The interest of experimental models of FASD is twofold. First, they increase our knowledge about the dose and modality of alcohol consumption able to induce damaging effects on the developing brain. Second, experimental models of FASD can provide useful hints to elucidate the basic mechanisms leading to the intellectual disability. In fact, experimental exposure to alcohol can be carried out during discrete, often very restricted, time windows. As a consequence, FASD models, though depending on the multifaceted interference of alcohol with several molecular pathways, can provide valuable information about which specific developmental periods and brain areas are critically involved in the genesis of mental retardation. Putting together data obtained through several experimental paradigms of alcohol exposure and those deriving from other genetic and non-genetic models, one can figure out to what extent different types of mental retardation share common pathogenetic mechanisms. The present Research Topic is aimed at establishing the state of the art of the current research on experimental FASD, focusing on differences and homologies with other types of intellectual disability. The ultimate goal is to find out a common roadmap in view of future therapeutical approaches.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC435-571 ; RJ1-570 ; glial cells ; development ; Amygdala ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ; Cerebral Cortex ; Intellectual Disability ; epigenetics ; Apoptosis ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    Non-racialism in South Africa (2023)
    African Sun Media | Sun Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: At the time of his death in August 2012 Neville Alexander was undoubtedly one of South Africa’s foremost proponents of the philosophy of non-racialism. He had devoted his life to fighting against the evils of racism, sexism and economic injustice. He understood how these social realities not only divided but also ranked human beings in terms of human worth and value. He saw how these realities diminished the whole society, both the perpetrators and victims. And so he gave over his life as a scholar and a political activist to challenging these realities. This volume brings together the reflections of a group of activists and scholars on the significance of Neville Alexander to the cause of freedom and justice in South Africa. The reflections are essentially the keynote speeches and the responses to them that were made at a conference in Alexander’s honour held at the Centre for Non-Racialism and Democracy at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University in July 2013.
    Keywords: Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes::JPHV Political structures: democracy
    Language: English
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    Immunobiology of Leishmaniasis (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: Leishmaniasis ; immunobiology ; pathogenesis ; immunity ; virulence factors ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MJ Clinical and internal medicine::MJC Diseases and disorders::MJCJ Infectious and contagious diseases
    Language: English
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    Alegal (2023)
    Fordham University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Okinawan life, at the crossroads of American militarism and Japanese capitalism, embodies a fundamental contradiction to the myth of the monoethnic state. Suspended in a state of exception, Okinawans have never been officially classified as colonial subjects of the Japanese empire or the United States, nor have they ever been treated as equal citizens of Japan. As a result, they live amid one of the densest concentrations of U.S. military bases in the world. By bringing Foucauldian biopolitics into conversation with Japanese Marxian theorizations of capitalism, Alegal uncovers Japan's determination to protect its middle class from the racialized sexual contact around its mainland bases by displacing them onto Okinawa, while simultaneously upholding Okinawa as a symbol of the infringement of Japanese sovereignty figured in terms of a patriarchal monoethnic state. This symbolism, however, has provoked ambivalence within Okinawa. In base towns that facilitated encounters between G.I.s and Okinawan women, the racial politics of the United States collided with the postcolonial politics of the Asia Pacific. Through close readings of poetry, reportage, film, and memoir on base-town life since 1945, Shimabuku traces a continuing failure to "become Japanese." What she discerns instead is a complex politics surrounding sex work, tipping with volatility along the razor's edge between insurgency and collaboration. At stake in sovereign power's attempt to secure Okinawa as a military fortress was the need to contain alegality itself-that is, a life force irreducible to the legal order. If biopolitics is the state's attempt to monopolize life, then Alegal is a story about how borderland actors reclaimed the power of life for themselves. In addition to scholars of Japan and Okinawa, this book is essential reading for anyone interested in postcolonialism, militarism, mixed-race studies, gender and sexuality, or the production of sovereignty in the modern world. Alegal is available from the publisher on an open-access basis.
    Keywords: Sociology ; History ; Asian Studies ; Political Science ; Language & Literature ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSL Ethnic studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJF Asian history ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBT History: specific events & topics::HBTQ Colonialism & imperialism ; bic Book Industry Communication::D Literature & literary studies::DS Literature: history & criticism::DSA Literary theory
    Language: English
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    Sustaining Key Skills in the UK Military Aircraft Industry (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: The United Kingdom Ministry of Defence's Fixed Wing Sector Strategy Board commissioned RAND Europe to assist in the development of a strategy and sustainment plan for the military fixed wing sector. RAND focused on the health and sustainment of key skills in the sector's industrial base. This monograph describes the qualitative and quantitative methodologies that the RAND team followed and summarises its findings and recommendations.
    Keywords: Political Science ; Business ; Technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCS Economic systems & structures ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TT Other technologies & applied sciences::TTM Military engineering
    Language: English
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    Particles at Fluid Interfaces (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: Particle-stabilised droplets ; foams ; fluid interfaces ; Pickering emulsions ; liquid marbles ; adsorption ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues
    Language: English
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    ELSI in Human Enhancement: What Distinguishes it from Therapy? (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: enhancement ; genetics ; therapeutics ; CRISPR ; editorial ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFN Medical genetics
    Language: English
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    Aviation Security (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: While security budgets shrink, passenger loads grow, and hostility towards security procedures increases, terrorist groups such as al Qaeda remain obsessed with attacking airplanes. In the face of these challenges and real, innovative threats, the author proposes a mechanism for conducting an independent re-examination of the strategy behind current aviation security policies and procedures—before disaster strikes.
    Keywords: Transportation Studies ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNG Transport industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPW Political activism::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle ; bic Book Industry Communication::W Lifestyle, sport & leisure::WG Transport: general interest::WGM Aircraft: general interest
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    South-North Migration of EU Citizens in Times of Crisis (2021)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: Migration; Population Economics; European Law; Political Science
    Keywords: Migration ; Population Economics ; European Law ; Political Science
    Language: English
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    The Challenge of Nuclear-Armed Regional Adversaries (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Deterrence of nuclear use through the threat of retaliation could be highly problematic in many plausible conflict scenarios with nuclear-armed regional adversaries. This could compel U.S. leaders to temper their military and political objectives if they come into conflict with these states. This book examines the reasons behind this important shift in the international security environment and its strategic and force planning implications.
    Keywords: Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPV Political control and freedoms
    Language: English
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    Immune responses to AAV vectors, from bench to bedside (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The recent wave of clinical studies demonstrating long-term therapeutic efficacy highlights the enormous potential of gene therapy as an approach to the treatment of inherited disorders and cancer. While in recent years lentiviral vectors have dominated the field of ex vivo gene therapy in man, adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have become the platform of choice for the in vivo gene delivery, both local and systemic.Despite the achievements in the clinic however, a number of hurdles remain to be overcome in gene therapy, these include availability of scalable vector production systems, potential issues associated with insertional mutagenesis, and concerns related to immunogenicity of gene therapeutics. For AAV vectors, clinical trials showed that immunity directed against the vector could either prevent transduction of a target tissue or limit the duration of therapeutic efficacy. Initial observations in the context of a gene therapy trial for hemophilia spurred over a decade efforts by gene therapists and immunologists to understand the mechanism and identify factors that contribute to AAV’s immunogenicity, including the prevalence of B cell and T cell immunity to wild type AAV in humans and the interaction of AAV vectors with the innate and adaptive immune system. Despite a number of important contributions in particular in the more recent past, our knowledge on the immunology of gene transfer is still rudimental; this is partly due to the fact that the basic understanding of the complex balance between tolerance and immunity to an antigen, key aspect of gene transfer with AAV, keeps evolving rapidly. However, continuing work towards a better definition of the interaction of viral vectors with the immune system has led to significant advances in the knowledge of the factors influencing the outcome of gene transfer, such as the vector dose, the immune privilege of certain tissues, and the induction of tolerance to an antigen. A better understanding of the structure-function relationship of the viral capsid has boosted the development of novel immune-escape vector variants. In addition, novel immunomodulatory strategies were established to prevent or reduce anti-capsid immunity have been developed and are being tested in preclinical models and in clinical trials. Together, these advances are bringing us closer to the goal of achieving safe and sustained therapeutic gene transfer in humans. In this research topic, a collection of Original Research and Review Articles highlights critical aspects of the interaction between gene AAV vectors and the immune system, discussing how these interactions can be either detrimental or constitute an advantage, depending on the context of gene transfer, and providing tools and resources to better understand the issue of immunogenicity of AAV vectors in gene transfer.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC581-607 ; antibody response ; Clinical Trial ; Gene Therapy ; Regulatory T Cell ; Immunomodulation ; Tolerance induction ; adaptive and innate immunity ; adeno-associated virus ; Vaccine ; Epitopes ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    A Tale of Two Unions (2023)
    transcript Verlag | transcript Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-16
    Description: Brexit is a tale of two unions, not one: the British and the European unions. Their origins are different, but both struggle to maintain unity in diversity and both have to face the challenge of populism and claims of democratic deficit. Mark Corner suggests that the »four nations« that make up the UK can only survive as part of a single nation-state, if the country looks more sympathetically at the very European structures from which it has chosen to detach itself. This study addresses both academic and lay audiences interested in the current situation of the UK, particularly the strains raised by devolution and Brexit.
    Keywords: Brexit ; Constitution ; European Union ; Politics ; Europe ; Cultural History ; International Relations ; European Politics ; Democracy ; Political System ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations::JPSN International institutions::JPSN2 EU & European institutions ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPH Political structure & processes::JPHV Political structures: democracy
    Language: English
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    Temporal Structure of Neural Processes Coupling Sensory, Motor and Cognitive Functions of the Brain (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: binding ; perception ; multi-scale timing ; temporal coupling ; mutual information ; time-dimension in the brain ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
    Language: English
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    Advances in Metabolic Mechanisms of Aging and Its Related Diseases (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: senescence ; glucose metabolism ; lipid metabolism ; mitochondria ; oxidative stress ; aminoacid metabolism ; signaling ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences::MFG Physiology
    Language: English
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    Interventional Strategies for Enhancing Quality of Life and Health Span in Older Adults (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: older adults ; interventional strategies ; quality of life ; health span ; neuroscience of aging ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    Cyberspace and Instability (2023)
    Edinburgh University Press | Edinburgh University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: A wide range of actors have publicly identified cyber stability as a key policy goal but the meaning of stability in the context of cyber policy remains vague and contested. Vague because most policymakers and experts do not define cyber stability when they use the concept. Contested because they propose measures that rely – often implicitly – on divergent understandings of cyber stability. This volume is a thorough investigation of instability within cyberspace and of cyberspace itself. Its purpose is to reconceptualise stability and instability for cyberspace, highlight their various dimensions and thereby identify relevant policy measures. This book critically examines both ‘classic’ notions associated with stability – for example, whether cyber operations can lead to unwanted escalation – as well as topics that have so far not been addressed in the existing cyber literature, such as the application of a decolonial lens to investigate Euro-American conceptualisations of stability in cyberspace.
    Keywords: Political Science ; International Relations ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPS International relations
    Language: English
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    National Security Perspectives on Terrorism Risk Insurance in the United States (2023)
    RAND Corporation
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-05
    Description: Congress enacted the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (TRIA) in 2002, in response to terrorism insurance becoming unavailable or extremely costly in the wake of the 9/11 attacks. TRIA is set to expire at the end of 2014, and Congress is considering the appropriate government role in terrorism insurance markets. This policy brief examines the potential national security implications of allowing TRIA to expire.
    Keywords: Political Science ; History ; Business ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KF Finance & accounting::KFF Finance::KFFN Insurance & actuarial studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBJ Regional & national history::HBJK History of the Americas ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPW Political activism::JPWL Terrorism, armed struggle
    Language: English
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    Marine Natural Products as Anticancer Agents 2.0 (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Global cancer incidence and death are expected to increase in the next decades. Inappropriate therapeutic regimens and tumor recurrence due to the development of drug resistance are two major clinical challenges impacting poor patient outcomes, which is critical to the discovery and development of new anticancer drugs. Over the last few decades, the marine environment has proved to be a key source of molecules with potent anticancer properties. The Special Issue, “Marine Natural Products as Anticancer Agents 2.0”, gathered eleven publications, including two reviews and nine research articles, about the anticancer activities of marine natural and/or derived products on in vitro 2D and 3D cellular models, and/or in vivo models of colorectal, breast, lung, myeloma, liver, leukemia, and melanoma cancers. Altogether, the eleven scientific papers published in this Special Issue provide an exciting overview of marine natural products as potential anticancer agents.
    Keywords: Clavatadine C ; spirocyclic bromotyrosines ; cytotoxicity ; cancer selectivity ; marine compounds ; melanoma A-375 cell line ; Sarcophyton convolutum ; sarcoconvolutum A–E ; cembrenoids ; anti-angiogenesis ; bromophenols ; tube formation ; vasculogenic mimicry ; brefeldin A ; ester derivative ; chronic myelogenous leukemia ; BCR-ABL ; proliferation inhibition ; molecular modeling ; 5-O-(N-Boc-l-alanine)-renieramycin T ; Xestospongia sp. ; marine sponge ; lung cancer ; anti-cancer ; cancer stem cells ; apoptosis ; Akt ; c-Myc ; migrastatics ; cell migration ; cell invasion ; metastasis ; terpenes ; algae ; marine natural products ; mitochondrial dysfunction ; oxidative stress ; anticancer ; Sphaerococcus coronopifolius ; seaweed ; Laminaria japonica ; Laminaria japonica peptides ; cancer ; liver ; cell cycle ; porphyrin ; Isabela ; hemin ; X-ray diffraction ; NOESY NMR ; cytotoxic ; colorectal cancer ; 5-fluorouracil ; 7S,15R-dihydroxy-16S,17S-epoxy-docosapentaenoic acid ; tumor-associated macrophages ; chemoresistance ; fucoidan ; immunopotentiation ; immunomodulatory ; immunotherapy ; cancer treatment ; cytokines ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
    Language: English
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    Resistance to Salinity and Water Scarcity in Higher Plants. Insights From Extremophiles and Stress-Adapted Plants: Tools, Discoveries and Future Prospects (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: salinity ; water stress ; resistance ; adaptation ; extremophiles ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Biotechnological Potential of Plant-Microbe Interactions in Environmental Decontamination (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
    Keywords: plant growth promoting microorganisms ; plant-microbe-metal interactions ; biotechnology ; climate change induced-stresses ; environmental decontamination ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    CD4+ T cell differentiation in infection: amendments to the Th1/Th2 axiom (2021)
    Frontiers Media SA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: CD4+ T lymphocytes play an essential role in host defense against bacterial, parasitic and viral infections. During infection, under the influence of intrinsic signals received through peptide-MHC/TCR interactions and extrinsic signals provided by pathogen-conditioned dendritic and other accessory cells, CD4+ T cells proliferate and differentiate into specialized T helper (Th) effectors, which produce distinct sets of cytokines tailored to combat a specific class of microbes. The concept of CD4+ T cell multi-functionality was developed after the seminal discovery of Th1 and Th2 cells nearly 30 years ago. Although the Th1/Th2 paradigm has successfully withstood the test of time, in the past decade additional Th subsets (Th17, Tfh, Th22, Th9) have been identified. Similarly, single cell analyses of cytokines and master transcriptional factors have revealed that, at the population level, CD4+ T cell responses are far more heterogeneous than initially anticipated. While some of the checkpoints in Th cell specification have been identified, recent studies of transcriptional and epigenetic regulation have uncovered a significant flexibility during the course CD4+ T lymphocyte polarization. In addition, Th cells expressing cytokines with counteracting functions, as a measure of self-regulation, display yet another level of diversity. Understanding the mechanisms that control the balance between stability vs. plasticity of Th effectors both at the time of initiation of immune response and during development of CD4 T cell memory is critical for the rational design of better vaccines and new immunotherapeutic strategies. This research topic will cover current views on Th cell development, with a focus on the mechanisms that govern differentiation, function and regulation of effector Th cells in the context of microbial infections.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC581-607 ; Infection ; Dendritic Cells ; Cytokines ; Immunoregulation ; CD4 lymphocytes ; Memory ; long noncoding RNA ; Macrophages ; Metabolism ; Th1 Th2 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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    @ is for Activism (2023)
    Pluto Books
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: @ is For Activism examines the transformation of politics through digital media, including digital television, online social networking and mobile computing. Joss Hands maps out how political relationships have been reconfigured and new modes of cooperation, deliberation and representation have emerged. This analysis is applied to the organisation and practice of alternative politics, showing how they have developed and embraced the new political and technological environment. Hands offers a comprehensive critical survey of existing literature, as well as an original perspective on networks and political change. He includes many case studies including the anti-war and global justice movements, peer production, user created TV and 'Twitter' activism. @ is For Activism is essential for activists and students of politics and media.
    Keywords: Computer Science ; Political Science ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UT Computer networking and communications ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPW Political activism / Political engagement
    Language: English
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    Communicating Medicine (2021)
    Ledizioni
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This study investigates eighteenth-century medical writing, particularly concerning the elaboration and the communication of medicine in such reference works as universal dictionaries of arts and sciences, medical dictionaries, and handbooks. Most of the vernacular texts under scrutiny here were issued in the second half of the century, a period in which the advancements in medical research, medical education and medical practice favoured the circulation of an expanding medical vocabulary and stimulated medical writing as a whole. A vast amount of reference works was produced for experts and non-experts alike: medical topics were common in social settings, in personal and communal letters, in specialised journals, in pamphlets and in magazines. All this unprecedented activity certainly contributed to the vernacularisation, and the dissemination of medicine in different kinds of works and different text types. The texts examined in the study are representative of their authors’ effort to expand medical knowledge and to define medicine as an independent science based on strict observation, as well as to establish intelligibility within and outside the disciplinary discourse community.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; english ; medicine ; language ; communication ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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