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  • GFZ Data Services  (50)
  • Cham : Springer International Publishing  (9)
  • English  (59)
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  • 2020-2024
  • 2015-2019  (59)
  • 2017  (59)
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  • English  (59)
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  • 2020-2024
  • 2015-2019  (59)
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  • 1
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    Broadband Recordings for LITHOS-CAPP: LITHOspheric Structure of Caledonian, Archaean and Proterozoic Provinces, Sep. 2014 - Oct. 2016, Sweden and Finland – Recorder log-file - Datasets (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: LITHOS-CAPP is the German contribution to the international ScanArray experiment. ScanArray is an array of broadband seismometers with which we aim to study the lithosphere and upper mantle beneath the Scandinavian Mountains and the Baltic Shield. LITHOS-CAPP contributed 20 broadband recording stations from September 2014 to October 2016, 10 in Sweden and 10 in Finland, continuously recordings at 100 samples per second. The stations were deployed by the KIT Geophysical Institute and GFZ section 2.4 (seismology). They form part of the temporary network ScanArrayCore (FDSN network code 1G 2012-2017). This data publication contains the original log-files of the recorders.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/workingPaper
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  • 2
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    Köthen 2011/2012 - an EnMAP Preparatory Flight Campaign (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    In:  EnMAP Flight Campaigns Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The dataset is composed of hyperspectral imagery acquired during airplane overflights on May 10th, 2011, June 27th, 2011 and May 24th, 2012 consisting of 367 and 368 spectral bands, respective-ly, ranging from VIS to SWIR (400 - 2500 nm) wavelength regions. The hyperspectral image datasets were acquired in the framework EnMAP preparation project HyLand (Hyperspectral remote sens-ing for the assessment of crop and soil parameters in precision farming and yield estimation). With-in the project, innovative techniques were developed to derive crop and soil parameters from hy-perspectral remote sensing and terrestrial laser scanning, which served as input parameters for novel yield estimation models.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Seismic Monitoring of Glacier Activity on Svalbard (SEISMOGLAC) - Datasets (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Climatic change is of incredible importance in the polar regions as ice-sheets and glaciers respond strongly to change in average temperature. The analysis of seismic signals (icequakes) emitted by glaciers (i.e., cryo-seismology) is thus gaining importance as a tool for monitoring glacier activity. To understand the scaling relation between regional glacier-related seismicity and actual small-scale local glacier dynamics and to calibrate the identified classes of icequakes to locally observed waveforms, a temporary passive seismic monitoring experiment was conducted in the vicinity of the calving front of Kronebreen, one of the fastest tidewater glaciers on Svalbard (Fig. 1). By combining the local observations with recordings of the nearby GEOFON station GE.KBS, the local experiment provides an ideal link between local observations at the glacier to regional scale monitoring of NW Spitsbergen. During the 4-month operation period from May to September 2013, eight broadband seismometers and three 4-point short-period arrays were operating around the glacier front of Kronebreen.
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    IndCoils_FGE - A software package for merging Fluxgate and Induction Coil data (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: For frequencies above 30 mHz the instrument intrinsic noise level of typical fluxgate magnetometers used at geomagnetic observatories usually masks ambient magnetic field variations on magnetically quiet days. Natural field variations referred to as pulsations (Pc-1, Pc-2, Pi-1) fall in this band. Usually their intensity is so small that they rarely surpass the instrumental noise of fluxgate magnetometers. INTERMAGNET has set a minimum quality standard for definitive 1 s data (Turbitt, 2014) which can actually hardly be met by fluxgate magnetometers in use by magnetic observatories. Brunke et al. (2017) propose a method to improve 1Hz observatory data by merging data from the proven and tested fluxgate magnetometers currently in use with induction coil magnetometers into a single data stream. This data publication includes the according MATLAB software package implementing the merging of both data sets. The content of the software package and the functionality of each module is described in the content.txt file that is also included in the zip folder. The resulting data are in line with the INTERMAGNET format for 1 s magnetic data, but surpasses the INTERMAGNET 1 s standard by far. The long term stability of the fluxgate data is not affected. The changes to the fluxgate data remain within the range of the instrument intrinsic noise. In addition to the Matlab software, we provide test datasets of one day length kindly provided by the magnetic observatories Niemegk, Conrad and Eskdalemuir.
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Superconducting Gravimeter Data from Potsdam - Level 1. (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Kite - Software for Rapid Earthquake Source Optimisation from InSAR Surface Displacement (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: We present a modular open-source software framework - kite (http://pyrocko.org), written in Python and C. The software enables rapid post-processing of space-born InSAR-derived surface displacement maps, swift parametrization and sub-sampling of the displacement measurements. With our package we aim to ease and streamline the optimization of earthquake source parameters from InSAR and GPS data and facilitate their joint optimization with seismological waveforms in combination with the pyrocko toolbox. Through such joint data optimizations from near- and far-field observations the determination of rupture parameters and processes will become more accurate and robust. Moreover, we present an intuitive kinematic deformation modelling sandbox for handling and manipulating various kinds of tectonic and volcanic deformation sources, interacting in elastic homogeneous or layered, full- or half-spaces.
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Supplement to: Growing Faults in the Lab: Insights int the Scale Dependence of the Fault Zone Evolution Process (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This dataset is supplementary material to the article of Ritter et al. (2017). In this article, the similarity of fault propagation work in analogue sandbox experiments to natural fault networks is investigated through measurements in a strike-slip sandbox and in a ring-shear-tester. The transient shear strength of the samples is measured for different fault lengths and from this the work is determined. For a detailed description of the procedure and the set-up please see Ritter et al. (2017). The data available in this supplementary publication are: • For the strike-slip experiments three video sequences of the deformation together with the evolution of boundary force for fault lengths of 20 cm, 30 cm and 40 cm. The videos show the curl of the deformation field, determined by Digital Image Correlation of top-view video images. These files are in AVI-format and included in the zip folder 2017-005-Ritter-movies.zip. • A folder containing force vs. displacement measurements for each experiment (2017-005-Ritter-forces.zip). These are 25 ASCII-files that contain two columns of numerical data: the first column is the displacement in meter; the second column is the corresponding force in newton. The files are named according to the following pattern: 〈fault length in meter〉_〈experiment number〉.asc • A Matlab script to load the force files and calculate the work. This file is called “plotwork.m” and calls the Matlab function “work.m”, which does the actual calculations. These files have been tested in Matlab version 2012b. The surface deformation data are available upon request.
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    High resolution Digital Elevation Model of Merapi summit in 2015 generated by UAVs and TLS (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This data publication is a high resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generated for the Merapi summit by combining terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) photogrammetry data acquired in 2014 and 2015, respectively. The structures of the data are further analysed in Darmawan et al. 2017 (http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.11.006). The published datasets consist of combined point clouds with ~65 million data points and a DEM with a resampled resolution of 0.5 m. The DEM data covers the complexity of the Merapi summit with area of 2 km2. The coordinate of the datasets is projected to global coordinates (WGS 1984 UTM Zone 49 South). TLS is a topography mapping technique which exploits the travel time of a laser beam to measure the range between the ground-based scanning instrument and the earth’s surface. TLS provides high accuracy, precision, and resolution for topography mapping, however, it requires different scan position to obtain accurate topography model in a complex topography. The TLS dataset was acquired by using a long-range RIEGL VZ-6000 instrument with a Pulse Repetition Rate (PRR) of 30 kHz. The Merapi data includes an observation range of 0.129 – 4393.75 m, a theta range (vertical) of 73 – 120° with a sampling angle of 0.041°, a phi range (horizontal) of 33° - 233° with a sampling angle of 0.05°, and 12 reflectors for each scan. The used TLS dataset was achieved by combining two scan positions, both realized in September 2014. In order to reduce still eminent shadowing, we conducted additionally a UAV photogrammetry survey. The UAV data allows to fill data gaps and generate a complete 3D point cloud. The UAV photogrammetry was conducted by using DJI Phantom 2 quadcopter drone in October 2015. The drone carried GoPro HERO 3+ camera and a H3-3D gimbal to reduce image shaking. We obtained over 300 images which cover the summit area of Merapi. By applying the Structure from Motion algorithm, we are able to generate a 3D point cloud model of Merapi summit. Further details on this procedure are provided in Darmawan et al. (2017). Structure from Motion is a technique to generate a 3D model based on 2D overlapped images. The algorithm detects and matches the same ground features of 2D images, reconstructs a 3D scene, and calculates a depth map for each camera frame. The algorithm used is implemented in Agisoft Photoscan Professional software. After importing the images in Agisoft, we used the ‘align image’ function with high accuracy setting to generate 3D sparse point cloud and ‘build dense cloud’ function with high quality to generate 3D dense point cloud. The 3D point clouds of TLS and UAV photogrammetry were then georeferenced to our georeferenced 3D point cloud which acquired in 2012. The RMS of TLS and UAV photogrammetry during georeferenced is 0.60 and 0.44 m, respectively, as described in Further details on this procedure are provided in Darmawan et al. (2017). After georeferencing, both 3D point clouds were merged and interpolated to a raster format in the ArcMap software.
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  • 9
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    Hydrothermal Friction data of gouges derived from the Alpine Fault (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The Alpine Fault, New Zealand, is a major plate-bounding fault that accommodates 65–75% of the total relative motion between the Australian and Pacific plates. Here we present data on the hydrothermal frictional properties of Alpine Fault rocks that surround the principal slip zones (PSZ) of the Alpine Fault and those comprising the PSZ itself. The samples were retrieved from relatively shallow depths during phase 1 of the Deep Fault Drilling Project (DFDP-1) at Gaunt Creek. Simulated fault gouges were sheared at temperatures of 25, 150, 300, 450, and 600°C in order to determine the friction coefficient as well as the velocity dependence of friction. Friction remains more or less constant with changes in temperature, but a transition from velocity-strengthening behavior to velocity-weakening behavior occurs at a temperature of T = 150°C. The transition depends on the absolute value of sliding velocity as well as temperature, with the velocity-weakening region restricted to higher velocity for higher temperatures.Friction was substantially lower for low-velocity shearing (V〈0.3 μm/s) at 600°C, but no transition to normal stress independence was observed. In the framework of rate-and-state friction, earthquake nucleation is most likely at an intermediate temperature of T = 300°C. The velocity-strengthening nature of the Alpine Fault rocks at higher temperatures may pose a barrier for rupture propagation to deeper levels, limiting the possible depth extent of large earthquakes. Our results highlight the importance of strain rate in controlling frictional behavior under conditions spanning the classical brittle-plastic transition for quartzofeldspathic compositions. The data is provided in a .zip folder with 33 subfolders for 33 samples. Detailed information about the files in these subdfolders as well as sensors used, conversions and data specifications is given in the explanatory file Niemeijer-2017-DFDP-explanation-of-folder-structure-and-file-list.pdf.
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Airborne Gravimetry Data from GEOHALO project - (Data Set) (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The dataset contains the results of airborne gravimetry realized by the GEOHALO flight mission over Italy in 2012. The intention was to show whether and how an efficient airborne gravity field determination is feasible in wide areas when using a fast jet aircraft like HALO at higher altitudes. Here, unlike in airborne gravimetry for exploration purposes, the aim is not primarily to reach the highest spatial resolution by flying as low and slowly as possible. A challenge for HALO would be to map areas (e.g., Antarctica) where only insufficient or no terrestrial gravity data are available to achieve a resolution which is better than that of satellite-only gravity field models. This is beneficial for the generation of global gravity field models which require a uniform, high spatial resolution for the gravity data over the entire Earth. The raw gravimetry recordings were recorded by the GFZ air-marine gravimeter Chekan-AM. Kinematic vertical accelerations were calculated from Doppler observations which were derived by GNSS carrier phase measurements (1 Hz). To remove the high-frequency noise, a low-pass filter with a cut-off wavelength of 200 s (corresponding to a half-wavelength resolution of approximately 12 km) was applied to both the Chekan-AM measurements and GNSS kinematic accelerations. To investigate how future airborne gravity campaigns using jet aircraft could be optimized, a dedicated flight track was repeated two times which shows that the equipment worked well also at higher altitude and speed. For the accuracy analysis 17 crossover points could be used. This analysis yielded a RMS of the gravity differences of 1.4 mGal which, according to the law of error propagation, implies an accuracy of a single measurement to be 1 mGal. The dataset is provided in as ASCII text (Lu-et-al_2017-001_Tracks_GEOHALO.txt) and is described in the README. For a detailed description of the set-up and analysis of the data, please see Biao et al. (2017, http://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB014425).
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  • 11
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    The gravity field model based on the second invariant of the GOCE gravitational gradient tensor: IGGT_R1 (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: IGGT_R1 is a static gravity field model based on the second invariant of the GOCE gravitational gradient tensor, up to degree and order 240. Based on tensor theory, three invariants of the gravitational gradient tensor (IGGT) are independent of the gradiometer reference frame (GRF). Compared to traditional methods for calculation of gravity field models based on GOCE data, which are affected by errors in the attitude indicator, using IGGT and least squares method avoids the problem of inaccurate rotation matrices. IGGT_R1 is the first experiment to use this method to build a real gravity field model by using GOCE gravitational gradients. This new model has been developed by Wuhan University (WHU), GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Technical University of Berlin (TUB), Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) and Zhengzhou Information Engineering University (IEU). More details about the gravity field model IGGT_R1 is given in our paper “The gravity field model IGGT_R1 based on the second invariant of the GOCE gravitational gradient tensor” (Lu et al., 2017, http://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-017-1089-8). This work is supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council (No. 201506270158), the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41104014, 41131067, 41374023, 41474019 and 41504013) and the Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry Education, Wuhan University (No. 16-02-07).
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  • 12
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    Data collection for a damage assessment after the flash flood in Braunsbach (Germany) in May 2016 (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: A severe flash flood event hit the town of Braunsbach (Baden-Württemberg, Germany) on the evening of May 29, 2016, heavily damaging and destroying several dozens of buildings. It was only one of several disastrous events in Central Europe caused by the low-pressure system “Elvira”. The DFG Research Training Group “Natural hazards and risks in a changing world” (NatRiskChange, GRK 2043/1) at the University of Potsdam investigated the Braunsbach flash flood. In this context damage data for 94 affected buildings, describing building characteristics, the degree of impact and the caused damage, were collected ten days after the flood event and provide the basis for damage assessment studies (Agarwal et al., 2017; Laudan et al., 2017, Vogel et al., 2017). The multi-polygon maps provide flood loss in EUR for residential land use areas according to the ATKIS (Authoritative Topographic Cartographic Information System) codes residential areas (2111) and areas of mixed use (2113), (BKG GEODATENZENTRUM: ATKIS-Basis-DLM, 2005). Loss values are calculated using the FloodLossEstimationMOdel for the residential sector (FLEMOps+r) developed by Elmer et al. (2010) in combination with exposure data based on total replacement costs for residential buildings (Kleist et al., 2006). Asset values with a spatial resolution corresponding to the underlying inundation depth maps of the stochastic event set (100x100 m) have been derived by applying a binary disaggregation method and using the digital basic landscape model ATKIS as ancillary information (Wünsch et al. 2009). The flood event sets are derived for the historical period (1970-1990) and two RCPs (4.5 and 8.5) for the near future (2020-2049) and far future (2070-2099) for four CORDEX models. These flood event sets are created within continuous long-term simulations of a coupled model chain including the IMAGE stochastic multi-variable, multi-site weather generator, the eco-hydrological model SWIM and 1D river network coupled with 2D hydro-numeric hinterland inundation model, see Schröter et al. (2017) for further details The data have been produced within the OASIS+ demonstrator project 'Future Danube Multi Hazard and Risk Model' funded by Climate-KIC in the period from January 2016 to December 2017. Key features: • Flood loss maps for residential areas in the German part of the Danube catchment from stochastic flood event sets for current and future climate. • High spatial resolution for ATKIS residential land use areas intersected with 100x100 m inundation depth maps. • Flood loss scenarios for historical period (1970-1990) and two RCPs (4.5 and 8.5) for the near future (2020-2049) and far future (2070-2099) from four CORDEX models Key usage: • Large-scale flood risk assessment • Future flood risk assessment • Flood risk management with long-term perspective A full description of the data provenance and specification is given in the README_Schroeter-et-al-2017-004.txt file available in the data download section at this DOI Landing Page.
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  • 13
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    IPOC cGPS - Continuous Mode GPS data in the IPOC Region, Northern Chile (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    The GOCE-only global gravity field model IfE_GOCE05s (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: IfE_GOCE05s is a GOCE-only global gravity field model, which was developed at the Institut für Erdmessung (IfE), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany. The observations with a time span from 1 November 2009 to 20 October 2013 are used for the model recovery. The GOCE precise kinematic orbit with 1-s sampling rate is processed for the gravity field up to degree/order 150, while the three main diagonal gravity gradients are down-sampled to 2 s and used to recover the model up to degree/order 250. With two additional Kaula’s regularizations, the combined model “IfE_GOCE05s” is derived, with a maximum degree of 250. To develop IfE_GOCE05s, the following GOCE data (01.11.2009 - 20.10.2013) was used: * Orbits: SST_PKI_2, SST_IAQ_2; * Gradients: EGG_GGT_2, EGG_IAQ_2. None any priori gravity field information was used. Processing procedures: Gravity from orbits (SST): * Acceleration approach was applied to the kinematic orbit data; * PKI data was at 1 s sampling rate; * Model was derived up to d/o (degree/order) 150; * VCM (Variance-Covariance Matrix) was derived arc-wisely from the post-fit residuals. Gravity from gradients (SGG): * Gradients Vxx, Vyy and Vzz in the GRF (Gradiometer Reference Frame) were used; * Gradients were down-sampled to 2 s; * Model was derived up to d/o 250; * VCM was estimated arc-wisely from the post-fit residuals. Regularization: * A strong Kaula-regularization was applied to constrain the (near-)zonal coefficients that are degraded by the polar gap problem; * A slight Kaula-regularization was applied to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the coefficients between d/o 201 and 250; * The regularization parameters were empirically determined. Combined solution: * The normal equations for SST and SGG were summed wih proper weighting factors; * Weighting factors for SST and SGG were determined from variance component estimation; * A direct inversion was applied on the final normal equation.
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  • 15
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    Supplementary Data to: “Bedrock Geology of DFDP-2B, Central Alpine Fault, New Zealand" (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: These data are supplementary material to “Bedrock Geology of DFDP-2B, Central Alpine Fault, New Zealand” (Toy et al., 2017, http://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2017.1375533). The data tables SF3 and SF4 are provided as well as Excel as well as CSV and PDF versions (in the zip folder). The table numbers below are referring to Toy et al. (2017): Toy_SF1.pdf (Data Description): Supplementary Data to “Bedrock Geology of DFDP-2B, Central Alpine Fault, New Zealand”, including supplementary methods, Information on reference frames and corrections, and protocols for thin section preparation and scanning electron microscopic analyses. Toy_SF2: Table S1. Time vs. depth during drilling, with lag dip corrections Toy_SF3: Table S2. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) data acquired using a TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA) and phases detected by mineral liberation analysis (MLA) Toy_SF4: Table S3. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) grain sizes
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    Pyrocko - An open-source seismology toolbox and library (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Pyrocko is an open source seismology toolbox and library, written in the Python programming language. It can be utilized flexibly for a variety of geophysical tasks, like seismological data processing and analysis, calculation of Green's functions and earthquake models' synthetic waveforms and static displacements (InSAR or GPS). Those can be used to characterize extended earthquake ruptures, point sources (moment tensors) and other seismic sources. This publication includes the Pyrocko core, a library providing building blocks for researchers and students wishing to develop their own applications.
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  • 17
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    The Swath-D Seismic Network in Italy and Austria (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The SWATH-D experiment is dense deployment of 154 seismic stations in the Central and Eastern Alps between Italy and Austria, complementing the larger-scale sparser AlpArray Seismic Network (AASN). SWATH-D will provide high resolution images from the surface into the upper mantle, and allow observations of local seismicity. SWATH-D focuses on a key area of the Alps where the hypothesized flip in subduction polarity has been suggested, and where an earlier seismic profile (TRANSALP) has imaged a jump in the Moho. Where mains power is available (at ca. 80 sites) stations are providing realtime data via the cellphone network and are equipped with Güralp CMG-3EPSC (60s) seismometers and Earth Data Recorders EDR-210. The rest of the stations are offline and consist mainly of Nanometrics Trillium Compact (120s) and Güralp CMG-3EPSC (60s) seismometers equipped with either Omnirecs CUBE3 or PR6-24 Earth Data Loggers. All stations are equipped with external GPS antennas and the sampling rate is 100 Hz (Heit, et al., 2018). The network will operate for 2 years starting in July 2017. The Swath-D data will be used directly by 20 individual proposals of the MB-4D Priority Program (Mountain Building Processes in Four Dimensions, 2017) of the German Research Foundation (DFG) and data products derived from it will contribute to additional 13 proposals. SWATH-D is thus an important link between the MB-4D Priority Program and the international AlpArray communities and a scientific service to many of the proposals within the DFG Priority Program. Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code ZS, and are embargoed until August 2023. After the end of embargo, data will be openly available under CC-BY 4.0 license according to GIPP-rules.
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  • 18
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    EnMAP Campaign Portal – Flight campaigns of the “EnMAP Data Exploitation and Application Development Program” (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    In:  EnMAP Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Hyperspectral airborne campaigns have been carried out in the frame of the data exploitation and application development program of the German Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) to support method and application development in the prelaunch phase of the EnMAP satellite mission. A metadata portal (EnMAP Campaign Portal) has been set up providing general information about the campaigns, recorded airborne hyperspectral data sets, other data associated to the respective campaigns like field and laboratory measurements and a number of field guides for in-situ data acquisition. Furthermore, it informs about the availability of simulated EnMAP and Sentinel-2 data for the respective campaign region. The data listed in the EnMAP Campaign Portal is freely available under a Creative Commons License as DOI-referenced data publications.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 19
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    Alternate_Mag_Absolutes - A software package for Magnetic Absolute Measurements with arbitrarily distributed DI Theodolite Orientations (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This data publication includes a matlab software package as described in Brunke (2017). In addition to the Matlab software, we provide three test dataset from the Niemegk magnetic observatories (NGK). We present a numerical method, allowing for the evaluation of an arbitrary number (minimum 5 as there are 5 independent parameters) of telescope orientations. The traditional measuring schema uses a fixed number of eight orientations (Jankowski et al, 1996). Our method provides D, I and Z base values and calculated uncertitudes of them. A general approach has significant advantages. Additional measurements may by seamlessly incorporate for higher accuracy. Individual erroneous readings are identified and can be discarded without invalidating the entire data set, a-priory information can be incorporated. We expect the general method to ease requirements also for automated DI-flux measurements. The method can reveal certain properties of the DI-theodolite, which are not captured by the conventional method. Based on the alternative evaluation method, a new faster and less error prone measuring schema is presented. It avoids the need to calculate the magnetic meridian prior to the inclination measurements. Measurements in the vicinity of the magnetic equator become possible with theodolites without zenith ocular.
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    Residential flood loss maps Danube catchment (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This data set provides a set of residential flood loss maps (ESRI Shapefiles) for the German part of the Danube catchment for current and future climate based on a stochastic event set of flood hazard footprints (Schröter et al. 2017; http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.5.4.2017.003). The multi-polygon maps provide flood loss in EUR for residential land use areas according to the ATKIS (Authoritative Topographic Cartographic Information System) codes residential areas (2111) and areas of mixed use (2113), (BKG GEODATENZENTRUM: ATKIS-Basis-DLM, 2005). Loss values are calculated using the FloodLossEstimationMOdel for the residential sector (FLEMOps+r) developed by Elmer et al. (2010) in combination with exposure data based on total replacement costs for residential buildings (Kleist et al., 2006). Asset values with a spatial resolution corresponding to the underlying inundation depth maps of the stochastic event set (100x100 m) have been derived by applying a binary disaggregation method and using the digital basic landscape model ATKIS as ancillary information (Wünsch et al. 2009). The flood event sets are derived for the historical period (1970-1990) and two RCPs (4.5 and 8.5) for the near future (2020-2049) and far future (2070-2099) for four CORDEX models. These flood event sets are created within continuous long-term simulations of a coupled model chain including the IMAGE stochastic multi-variable, multi-site weather generator, the eco-hydrological model SWIM and 1D river network coupled with 2D hydro-numeric hinterland inundation model, see Schröter et al. (2017) for further details The data have been produced within the OASIS+ demonstrator project 'Future Danube Multi Hazard and Risk Model' funded by Climate-KIC in the period from January 2016 to December 2017. Key features: • Flood loss maps for residential areas in the German part of the Danube catchment from stochastic flood event sets for current and future climate. • High spatial resolution for ATKIS residential land use areas intersected with 100x100 m inundation depth maps. • Flood loss scenarios for historical period (1970-1990) and two RCPs (4.5 and 8.5) for the near future (2020-2049) and far future (2070-2099) from four CORDEX models Key usage: • Large-scale flood risk assessment • Future flood risk assessment • Flood risk management with long-term perspective A full description of the data provenance and specification is given in the README_Schroeter-et-al-2017-004.txt file available in the data download section at this DOI Landing Page.
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    A new time-series of GRACE monthly gravity field solutions obtained by accounting for the colored noise in the K-Band range-rate measurements (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The WHU_RL01 GRACE monthly gravity field solutions are produced with the classical dynamic approach at the GNSS Research Center of Wuhan University. Three sets of monthly solutions complete to d/o 60, 90 and 120 are produced without any regularization for the time period from 2002-04 to 2016-07. K-Band range rates with a sampling of 5 seconds and reduced-dynamic orbits with a sampling of 5 minutes are used as observations. To account for the colored noise in the K-Band range-rate measurements, the frequency-dependent data weighting scheme proposed by Ditmar et al. (2007) is adopted. Additionally, a unified weight for the reduced-dynamic orbits is applied based on its a priori precision of 2 cm for each component. The strategy adopted for producing the WHU_RL01 GRACE monthly gravity field models is summarized in Table 1 (please find it in the attached explanatory file). It should be noted that relatively short arcs (6 hours per arc) are used to reduce the resonance effects caused by inaccuracies in initial state vectors and background force models (Colombo, 1984). The reduced-dynamic orbits are also used as observations in our data processing. Although a reduced-dynamic orbit contain certain a priori gravity field information, the resulting bias in the gravity field solutions have been proved to be limited when inverted together with the K-band measurements (Chen et al., 2014; Liu et al., 2010).
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    Argolis, Greece, Site Effect Study for the HERACLES Project (Nov. 2012 – Jun. 2013) - Seismic Data - Datasets (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Engineering seismological models (incl. ground amplification and topographic effects) of key structures in Tiryns and Midea, Greece, will be used to test the hypothesis of seismogenic causes of the decline of the Mycenaean settlements in the 12th century BC.
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    Routing Service: A data centre federation for the seismological community (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This service provides routing information for distributed data centres, in the case where multiple different seismic data centres offer access to data and products using compatible types of services. Examples of the data and product objects are seismic timeseries waveforms, station inventory, or quality parameters from the waveforms. The European Integrated Data Archive (EIDA) is an example of a set of distributed data centres (the EIDA „nodes“). EIDA have offered Arclink and Seedlink services for many years, and now offers FDSN web services, for accessing their holdings. In keeping with the distributed nature of EIDA, these services could run at different nodes or elsewhere; even on computers from normal users. Depending on the type of service, these may only provide information about a reduced subset of all the available waveforms. To be effective, the Routing Service must know the locations of all services integrated into a system and serve this information in order to help the development of smart clients and/or services at a higher level, which can offer the user an integrated view of the entire system (EIDA), hiding the complexity of its internal structure. The service is intended to be open and able to be queried by anyone without the need of credentials or authentication.
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    Survey Mode GPS data in the IPOC Region, Central Andes, Chile (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
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    IPOC Creep (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
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    VelocityConversion (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This code is a python implementation of the p- and s-wave velocity to density conversion approach after Goes et al. (2000). The implementation has been optimised for regular 3D grids using lookup tables instead of Newton iterations. Goes et al. (2000) regard the expansion coefficient as temperature dependent using the relation by Saxena and Shen (1992). In `Conversion.py`, the user can additionally choose between a constant expansion coefficient or a pressure- and temperature dependent coefficient that was derived from Hacker and Abers (2004). For detailed information on the physics behind the approach have a look at the original paper by Goes et al. (2000). Up-to-date contact information are given on the author's github profile https://github.com/cmeessen.
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    East Pollino Experiment, Southern Italy (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
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    3D-city Flood Damage Module prototype implementation (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Climate change manifests in terms of changing frequency and magnitude of extreme hydro-meteorological events and thus drives changes in urban flood hazard. Flood risk oriented urban planning is key to derive smart adaptation strategies, strengthen resilience and achieve sustainable development. 3D city models offer detailed spatial information which is useful to describe the exposure and to characterize the susceptibility of buildings at risk.This web-based application presents the 3d-city flood damage module (3DCFD) prototype which has been developed and implemented within a pathfinder projected funded by Climate-KIC during 2015-2016. The presentation illustrates the results of the 3DCFD-module exemplarily for the demonstration case in the City of Dresden. Relative damage to residential buildings which results from various flooding scenarios is shown for the focus area Pieschen in Dresden.The application allows the user to browse through the virtual city model and to colour the residential buildings regarding their relative damage values caused by different flooding scenarios. To do so click on 'Content', then on the brush-icon next to 'Buildings' and select a certain style from the drop-down menu. A style represents a specific combination of loss model and flooding scenario. Flooding scenarios provide spatially detailed inundation depth information according to different water stages at the gauge Dresden. Currently two flood loss models are implemented: a simple stage-damage-function (sdf) which related inundation depth to relative loss and the 3DCFD-module which uses additional information about building characteristics available from the virtual city model. A click on a coloured building will display additional information. The loss estimation module has been developed by the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Section Hydrology. The web-application has been developed by virtualcitySYSTEMS GmbH. The data consisting of flood scenarios, a virtual 3D city model, and a terrain model were provided by the City of Dresden.
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    Land seismic data of the ALPHA amphibious controlled source experiment – Datasets (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Raw-, SEG-Y and other supplementary data of the landside deployment from the amphibious wide-angle seismic experiment ALPHA are presented. The aim of this project was to reveal the crustal and lithospheric structure of the subducting Adriatic plate and the external accretionary wedge in the southern Dinarides. Airgun shots from the RV Meteor were recorded along two profiles across Montenegro and northern Albania.
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    Multi-GNSS Rapid Orbit-, Clock- & EOP-Product Series (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences is providing Rapid multi-GNSS orbit-, clock- and EOP-product series (EOP = Earth Orientation Parameters). The Orbit/Clock product covers the following Global Navaigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) - GAL (Galileo) / Europe - GPS (GPS) / USA - GLO (Glonass) / Russian Federation - BDS (Beidou) / PR China - QZS (QZSS) / Japan All products are estimated using the latest version of GFZ's automated EPOS-8 GNSS processing environment and using global daily RINEX observation data of the International GNSS Service (IGS). The orbit/clock product is provided: - in the SP3-d data format, - daily with a nominal latency of 1 day after the last observation, - the orbit positions epoch interval is of 5 minutes. - the satellite clock corrections epoch interval is of 30 seconds. The EOP product is provided: - in the IGS ERP data format, - daily with a nominal latency of 1 day after the last observation, - with one estimated 24 hour EOP record based on real GNSS RINEX observation data, The products are available via ftp. The time series are provided in weekly folders, beginning with 28 January 2014 (GPS Week 1777). For recent (latest) products used for routine applications a registration via mgnss@gfz-potsdam.de is needed to get special access. Products with an age older than 2 days are available without restrictions. For the used data formats see Kouba and Mierault (2010, https://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov/igscb/data/format/erp.txt) for the description of the EOP Product Series and Hilla (2010, https://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov/igscb/data/format/sp3d.pdf) for the description of the Orbit-/ Clock format SP3-d).
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    Generating circumferential images of tomographic drill-core scans (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This code (nwrap.ijm) can be used to generate an 'unrolled' circumferential image of a tomographic drill-core scan, such as an X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) scan. The resulting image is analogous to those produced by a DMT CoreScan system®. By comparing such images to geographically references borehole televiewer data, it may be used to reorientate drill-core back into geographic space (Williams et al. submitted).
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    Hourly mean values geomagnetic observatory Huancayo (HUA), 1935 to 1985 (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The data set contains hourly mean values (HMV) of the horizontal magnetic field component H as measured at the geomagnetic observatory Huancayo for 1935 to 1985. Huancayo (IAGA code HUA) is located close to the magnetic equator and is operated by Instituto Geofisico del Peru. The HMVs were taken from the World Data Centre Kyoto (WDC Kyoto) and existing data gaps (in total some 19 years from the 1960ies, 1970ies and 1980ies) were filled in by typing handwritten records of the HMV at GFZ. These handwritten records were monthly tables that were received as digital images from geomagnetic observatory Huancayo or that were received as microfilms from World Data Centre Boulder, Colorado. We also produced digital images of these microfilms. The values from the WDC Kyoto are definitive values; the monthly tables presumably also contain definitive values. Corrections to HUA HMVs from WDC Kyoto: There is a known error in the time stamping of the HUA HMVs prior to 1948 (before 1948 the data was reported in local time, rather than universal time). This error is corrected in the present dataset. Also, an attempt was made to correct for a jump in the HMV time series at this time. For further corrections, see Matzka et al, 2017. Please note that a dataset based on the data provided here will be submitted to the WDC Kyoto at a later stage and might undergo further modifications. The data file is in ASCII format and contains blank-separated first the year (YYYY), the month (MM), the day (DD) followed by the 24 HMVs of H (format HHHHH) in nanotesla (nT), starting with the HMV for 00 to 01 universal time. Geomagnetic observatories are described in e.g. Jankowski and Sucksdorf (1996).
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    Supplement to: Sandbox Rheometry: Co-Evolution of Stress and Strain in Riedel- and Critical Wedge-Experiments (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This dataset is supplementary to the article of Ritter et al. (2017). In this article, a new experimental device is presented that facilitates precise measurements of boundary forces and surface deformation at high temporal and spatial resolution. This supplementary dataset contains the measurement data from two experiments carried out in this new experimental device: one experiment of an accretionary critical wedge and one of Riedel-type strike-slip deformation. For a detailed description of the set-up and an analysis of the data, please see Ritter et al. (2017). The data available for either experiment are: • A video showing deformation in top view together with the evolution of boundary force. This file is in AVI-format. • A time-series of 2D vector fields describing the surface deformation. These vector fields were obtained from top-view video images of the respective experiment by means of digital image correlation (DIC). Each vector field is contained in a separate file; the files are consecutively numbered. The vector fields are stored in *.mat-files that can be opened using e.g. the software Matlab or the freely available GNU Octave. They take the form of Matlab structure arrays and are compatible to the PIVmat-toolbox by Moisy (2016) that is freely available. The most important fields of the structure are: x and y, that are vectors spanning a coordinate system, and vx and vy, which are arrays containing the actual vector components in x- and y-direction, respectively. • A file containing the measurements of the boundary force applied to drive deformation. This file is also a *.mat-file, containing a structure F with fields force, velocity and position. These fields are vectors describing the force applied by the indenter, the indenter velocity and the indenter position
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    Stable water isotopes in precipitation in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-08
    Description: This dataset contains 74 weekly/bi-weekly precipitation sum samples recorded at An Long, in the northern part of the Mekong Delta (Plain of Reed, Dong Thap province, Vietnam). The data were collected as part of a study analyzing the influence of local and regional climatic factors on the stable isotopic composition of rainfall in the Mekong delta as part of the Asian monsoon region (Le Duy et al., 2017).. Samples were taken on a weekly basis between June 2014 and May 2015 and twice a week between June 2015 and December 2015. The rain collector was a dip-in sampler type as described in the guidelines of the IAEA technical procedure for precipitation sampling (IAEA, 2014). It consists of a 5 liters accumulation glass bottle fitted with a vertical 14 cm diameter plastic funnel that reaches almost to the bottom to prevent evaporative losses, and a pressure equilibration plastic tube (2 mm in diameter and 15 m in length) to minimize evaporation out of the collection device. All collected samples were stored in 30 mL plastic sample bottles with tight screw caps to avoid evaporation effects. Between collection and laboratory analysis, the samples were stored in the dark. All stable isotope samples were analyzed at the laboratory of the Alfred-Wegener-Institute (AWI) in Potsdam, Germany. The measurements were performed with a Finnigan MAT Delta-S mass spectrometer using equilibration techniques to determine the ratio of stable oxygen (18O/16O) and hydrogen (2H/1H) isotopes. Analytical results were reported as δ2H and δ18O (‰, relative to Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water - VSMOW) with internal 1σ errors of better than 0.8‰ and 0.1‰ for δ2H and δ18O, respectively. The deuterium excess (d-excess) was calculated with the equation of Dansgaard (1964): d-excess = δ2H - 8*δ18O
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    Tecplot 360 Add-on GeoStress (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-17
    Description: For the visualization and analysis of the stress field from 4D thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) numerical model results two main technical steps are necessary. First, one has to derive from the six independent components of the stress tensor scalar and vector values such as the ori-entation and magnitude of the maximum and minimum horizontal stress, stress ratios, differential stress. It is also of great interest to display e.g. the normal and shear stress with respect to an arbitrarily given surface. Second, an appropriate geometry has to be given such as cross sections, profile e.g. for borehole pathways or surfaces on which the model results and further derived values are interpolated. This includes the three field variables temperature, pore pressure and the displacement vector. To facilitate and automate these steps the add-on GeoStress for the professional visualization software Tecplot 360 EX has been programmed. Besides the aforementioned values derived from the stress tensor the tool also allows to calculate the values of Coulomb Failure Stress (CFS), Slip and Dilation tendency (ST and DT) and Fracture Potential (FP). GeoStress also estimates kinematic variables such as horizontal slip, dip slip, rake vector of faults that are implemented as contact surfaces in the geomechanical-numerical model as well as the true vertical depth. Furthermore, the add-on can export surfaces and polylines and map on these all availble stress values. The technical report describes the technical details of the visualization tool, its usage and ex-emplifies its application using the results of a 3D example of a geomechanical-numerical model of the stress field. The numerical solution is achieved with the finite element software Abaqus version 6.11. It also presents a number of special features of Tecplot 360 EX in combination with GeoStress that allow a professional and efficient analysis. The Add-on and a number of example and input files are provided at http://doi.org/10.5880/wsm.2017.001.
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    AHEPA and Volvi ambient seismic noise experiments - Datasets (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-26
    Description: A temporary seismic array of short-period seismometers was installed in the 8-story AHEPA hospital, located in the city of Thessaloniki, N. Greece. The scope of the survey was to assess the dynamic characteristics of the RC-building by processing ambient vibration recordings of more than 40 seismic stations installed at different positions in the building. Part of the instruments was used in a soil experiment, outside of the hospital, to study possible Soil Structure Interaction phenomena. In addition to above experiments, a site-specific survey was performed in the Volvi basin, 30km ENE of the city of Thessaloniki. The scope of this experiment was to investigate the soil properties and the geometry of the subsurface geology.
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    Global magnetic observatory data 2013 (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-12-14
    Description: Definitive digital values of the Earth's magnetic field recorded during 2013 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive file (gzipped tar format) available from this landing page. This is the 23rd annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual (https://intermagnet.github.io/docs/Technical-Manual/technical_manual.pdf) and the Technical note TN6 "INTERMAGNET Definitive One-second Data Standard"..
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    Ketzin Seismic Monitoring Network (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Ketzin in a small town 20km west of Berlin that hosts a research facility for underground storage. Starting in 2008 the site was used to investigate the onshore geological storage of carbon dioxide (Liebscher et al., 2013). Among a large variety of downhole monitoring measurements and repeated 3D seismics above the storage formation, a seismic network was installed to investigate the possibility of monitoring subsurface processes related to the injection of CO2 with passive seismic recordings (Gassenmeier et al., 2015). The network was operated for 12 month from early 2011 to 2012 and consisted of 10 Guralp broadband sensors of the Geophysical Instrument Pool Potsdam (GIPP). Five instruments were located at the drilling site and five instruments were installed at a distance up to 3.5km around the injection site. The Instruments were either installed in basements or buried at a depth of about 70cm (KTE, KTF and KTG). The installation was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, grant 03G0736A) by the University of Leipzig and the GIPP.
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    X-ray Computed Tomography and borehole televiewer images of the Alpine Fault’s hanging-wall, New Zealand: Deep Fault Drilling Project phase 1 (DFDP-1) and Amethyst Hydro Project (AHP) (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The orientations and densities of fractures in the foliated hanging-wall of the Alpine Fault provide insights into the role of a mechanical anisotropy in upper crustal deformation, and the extent to which existing models of fault zone structure can be applied to active plate-boundary faults. Three datasets were used to quantify fracture damage at different distances from the Alpine Fault principal slip zones (PSZs): (1) X-ray computed tomography (CT) images of drill-core collected within 25 m of the PSZs during the first phase of the Deep Fault Drilling Project that were reoriented with respect to borehole televiewer (BHTV) images, (2) field measurements from creek sections at 〈500 m from the PSZs, and (3) CT images of oriented drill-core collected during the Amethyst Hydro Project at distances of ~500-1400 m from the PSZs. Results show that within 160 m of the PSZs in foliated cataclasites and ultramylonites, gouge-filled fractures exhibit a wide range of orientations. At these distances, fractures are interpreted to form at high confining pressures and/or in rocks that have a weak mechanical anisotropy. Conversley, at distances greater than 160 m from the PSZs, fractures are typically open and subparallel to the mylonitic foliation or schistosity, implying that fracturing occurred at low confining pressures and/or in rocks that are mechanically anisotropic. Fracture density is similar across the ~500 m width of the hanging-wall datasets, indicating that the Alpine Fault does not have a typical âdamage zoneâ defined by decreasing fracture density with distance. Instead, we conclude that the ~160 m-wide zone of intensive gouge-filled fractures provides the best estimate for the width of brittle fault-related damage. This estimate is similar to the 60-200 m wide Alpine Fault low-velocity zone detected through fault zone guided waves, indicating that a majority of its brittle damage occurs within its hanging-wall. The data provided here include CT scan 'core logs' for drill-core from both boreholes of the first phase of the Deep Fault Drilling Project (DFDP-1A and DFDP-1B) and from the Amethyst Hydro Project (AHP), the code to generate 'unrolled' CT images (which is to be run on imageJ), and an overview image of the integration of unrolled DFDP-1B CT images and BHTV images (DFDP-1B_BHTV-CT-Intergration.pdf). The header for the scan log images indicate 'core run-core section-upper depth-lower depth' for DFDP and 'borehole-core run-core section-upper depth-lower depth' for AHP boreholes. CT scan core logs cover the depth range 67.5-91.1 m in DFDP-1A drill-core and all of DFDP-1B drill-core. A classification of fracture type is given in Williams et al (2016). For DFDP-1 CT scan logs, title of each page labelled by: core run - core section - depth range. For AHP CT scan log, header of each page gives: borehole - core run - core section - depth. These are supplementary material to Williams et al. (submitted), in which a methodology for matching unrolled CT and BHTV images is given in Appendix A.
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    Matlab script Stress2Grid (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The distribution of data records for the maximum horizontal stress orientation SHmax in the Earth’s crust is sparse and very unequally. In order to analyse the stress pattern and its wavelength or to predict the mean SHmax orientation on a regular grid, statistical interpolation as conducted e.g. by Coblentz and Richardson (1995), Müller et al. (2003), Heidbach and Höhne (2008), Heidbach et al. (2010) or Reiter et al. (2014) is necessary. Based on their work we wrote the Matlab® script Stress2Grid that provides several features to analyse the mean SHmax pattern. The script facilitates and speeds up this analysis and extends the functionality compared to aforementioned publications. The script is complemented by a number of example and input files as described in the WSM Technical Report (Ziegler and Heidbach, 2017, http://doi.org/10.2312/wsm.2017.002). The script provides two different concepts to calculate the mean SHmax orientation on a regular grid. The first is using a fixed search radius around the grid point and computes the mean SHmax orientation if sufficient data records are within the search radius. The larger the search radius the larger is the filtered wavelength of the stress pattern. The second approach is using variable search radii and determines the search radius for which the variance of the mean SHmax orientation is below a given threshold. This approach delivers mean SHmax orientations with a user-defined degree of reliability. It resolves local stress perturbations and is not available in areas with conflicting information that result in a large variance. Furthermore, the script can also estimate the deviation between plate motion direction and the mean SHmax orientation.
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    Survey Mode GPS data in the IPOC Region, Central Andes, Chile (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-13
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The survey-mode GPS (sGPS) network in the IPOC region consists of 91 geodetic markers. Over the last decade, the positions of these points in the network have been periodically measured, thus enabling us to quantify the decadal patterns of deformation processes. This temporal catalogue of coordinates complement the continuous GPS (cGPS) array. Meta-data and raw data in Rinex format for the surveys carried out in 2008, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016 are available for 91 sites in the north of Chile and the northwest of Argentina. Included in this temporal catalogue are observations made shortly after the 2014 Pisagua-Iquique earthquake. Detailed information about data availability, metadata and site descriptions can be found at: https://kg189/gnss/IPOCSGPS. More description about the Integrated Plate Boundary Observatory Chile (IPOC) can be found at the IPOC Website (www.ipoc-network.org) and on the sGPS Survey on www.ipoc-network.org/associated-projects/gps-campaigns/.
    Keywords: GPS ; Chile ; earthquakes ; subduction zone ; active deformation ; monitoring ; IPOC ; Integrated Plate Boundary Observatory Chile
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 2 Files
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  • 42
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    The experimental gravity field model XGM2016 (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-02
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The experimental gravity field model XGM2016 is an outcome of TUM's assessment of a 15'x15' data grid excerpt provided from NGA's updated and revised gravity data base. The assessment shall support NGA's efforts on the way on the way to the Earth Gravity Model EGM2020.
    Description: Other
    Description: XGM2016 is a combination model based on the satellite-only gravity field model GOCO05s and a global 15'x15' data grid provided from NGA's data base.
    Keywords: ICGEM ; global gravitational model ; GOCO ; Geodesy ; GOCE
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 15478728 Bytes
    Format: 4 Files
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  • 43
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    Friction data of simulated fault gouges derived from the Groningen gas field (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: Abstract
    Description: We investigated the frictional properties of simulated fault gouges derived from the main lithologies present in the seismogenic Groningen gas field (NE Netherlands), employing in-situ P-T conditions and varying pore fluid salinity. Direct shear experiments were performed on gouges prepared from the Carboniferous Shale/Siltstone underburden, the Upper Rotliegend Slochteren Sandstone reservoir, the overlying Ten Boer Claystone, and the Basal Zechstein anhydrite-carbonate caprock, at 100 ºC, 40 MPa effective normal stress, and sliding velocities of 0.1-10 µm/s. As pore fluids, we used pure water, 0.5-6.2 M NaCl solutions, and a 6.9 M mixed chloride brine mimicking the formation water. Our results show a mechanical stratigraphy, with a maximum friction coefficient (µ) of ~0.65 for the Basal Zechstein, a minimum of ~0.37 for the Ten Boer claystone, ~0.6 for the reservoir sandstone, ~0.5 for the Carboniferous, and µ-values between the end-members for mixed gouges. Pore fluid salinity had no effect on frictional strength. Most gouges showed velocity-strengthening behavior, with little effect of pore fluid salinity on (a-b). However, Basal Zechstein gouge showed velocity-weakening at low salinities and/or sliding velocities, as did 50:50 mixtures with sandstone gouges, tested with the 6.9 M reservoir brine. From a Rate-and-State-Friction viewpoint, our results imply that faults incorporating Basal Zechstein anhydrite-carbonate material at the top of the reservoir are the most prone to accelerating slip, i.e. have the highest seismogenic potential. The results are equally relevant to other Dutch Rotliegend fields and to similar sequences globally. The data is provided in a .zip folder with 29 subfolders for 29 experiments/samples. Detailed information about the files in these subfolders as well as information on how the data is processed is given in the explanatory file Hunfeld-et-al-2017-Data-Description.pdf
    Keywords: Frictional properties ; Simulated fault gouge ; Groningen gas field ; EPOS ; Multi-scale laboratories ; rock and melt physical properties
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset
    Format: 69191878 Bytes
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  • 44
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    Hourly mean values geomagnetic observatory Huancayo (HUA), 1935 to 1985 (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-09
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The data set contains hourly mean values (HMV) of the horizontal magnetic field component H as measured at the geomagnetic observatory Huancayo for 1935 to 1985. Huancayo (IAGA code HUA) is located close to the magnetic equator and is operated by Instituto Geofisico del Peru. The HMVs were taken from the World Data Centre Kyoto (WDC Kyoto) and existing data gaps (in total some 19 years from the 1960ies, 1970ies and 1980ies) were filled in by typing handwritten records of the HMV at GFZ. These handwritten records were monthly tables that were received as digital images from geomagnetic observatory Huancayo or that were received as microfilms from World Data Centre Boulder, Colorado. We also produced digital images of these microfilms. The values from the WDC Kyoto are definitive values; the monthly tables presumably also contain definitive values. Corrections to HUA HMVs from WDC Kyoto: There is a known error in the time stamping of the HUA HMVs prior to 1948 (before 1948 the data was reported in local time, rather than universal time). This error is corrected in the present dataset. Also, an attempt was made to correct for a jump in the HMV time series at this time. For further corrections, see Matzka et al, 2017. Please note that a dataset based on the data provided here will be submitted to the WDC Kyoto at a later stage and might undergo further modifications. The data file is in ASCII format and contains blank-separated first the year (YYYY), the month (MM), the day (DD) followed by the 24 HMVs of H (format HHHHH) in nanotesla (nT), starting with the HMV for 00 to 01 universal time.Geomagnetic observatories are described in e.g. Jankowski and Sucksdorf (1996).
    Keywords: Geomagnetic Observatory Huancayo ; hourly mean values ; magnetic equator ; equator ; equatorial electrojet ; ionosphere
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 3335118 Bytes
    Format: 1 Files
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  • 45
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    Seismic Monitoring of Glacier Activity on Svalbard (SEISMOGLAC) - Datasets (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-13
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Climatic change is of incredible importance in the polar regions as ice-sheets and glaciers respond strongly to change in average temperature. The analysis of seismic signals (icequakes) emitted by glaciers (i.e., cryo-seismology) is thus gaining importance as a tool for monitoring glacier activity. To understand the scaling relation between regional glacier-related seismicity and actual small-scale local glacier dynamics and to calibrate the identified classes of icequakes to locally observed waveforms, a temporary passive seismic monitoring experiment was conducted in the vicinity of the calving front of Kronebreen, one of the fastest tidewater glaciers on Svalbard (Fig. 1). By combining the local observations with recordings of the nearby GEOFON station GE.KBS, the local experiment provides an ideal link between local observations at the glacier to regional scale monitoring of NW Spitsbergen. During the 4-month operation period from May to September 2013, eight broadband seismometers and three 4-point short-period arrays were operating around the glacier front of Kronebreen.
    Keywords: Icequakes ; Glacier monitoring ; cryo-seismology
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , temporary seismological network
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  • 46
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    Köthen 2011/ 2012 - An EnMAP Preparatory Flight Campaign (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-17
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The dataset is composed of hyperspectral imagery acquired during airplane overflights on May 10th, 2011, June 27th, 2011 and May 24th, 2012 consisting of 367 and 368 spectral bands, respective-ly, ranging from VIS to SWIR (400 - 2500 nm) wavelength regions. The hyperspectral image data was acquired in the framework of the EnMAP preparation project HyLand (Hyperspectral remote sensing for the assessment of crop and soil parameters in precision farming and yield estimation). Within the project, innovative techniques were developed to derive crop and soil parameters from hyper-spectral remote sensing and terrestrial laser scanning data, which served as input parameters for novel yield estimation models.
    Description: Other
    Description: The Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) is a German hyperspectral satellite mission that aims at monitoring and characterizing the Earth’s environment on a global scale. EnMAP serves to measure and model key dynamic processes of the Earth’s ecosystems by extract-ing geochemical, biochemical and biophysical parameters, which provide information on the status and evolution of various terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In the frame of the EnMAP preparatory phase, pre-flight campaigns including airborne and in-situ measurements in different environments and for several application fields are being conducted. The main purpose of these campaigns is to support the development of scientific applications for EnMAP. In addition, the acquired data are input in the EnMAP end-to-end simulation tool (EeteS) and are employed to test data pre-processing and calibration-validation methods. The campaign data are made freely available to the scientific community under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. An overview of all available data is provided in in the EnMAP Flight Campaigns Metadata Portal (http://www.enmap.org/?q=flightbeta).
    Keywords: Imaging Spectroscopy ; Precision Farming ; Yield Estimation ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 AGRICULTURE 〉 SOILS 〉 SOIL TEXTURE ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 AGRICULTURE 〉 AGRICULTURAL PLANT SCIENCE 〉 CROP/PLANT YIELDS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING 〉 VISIBLE WAVELENGTHS 〉 VISIBLE IMAGERY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SPECTRAL/ENGINEERING 〉 INFRARED WAVELENGTHS 〉 INFRARED IMAGERY
    Language: English
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  • 47
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    Supplementary data for SELASOMA Project, Madagascar 2012-2014 - Datasets (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-29
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset contains supplementary data concerning the SELASOMA project (GIPP-Project: Madagaskar; ID: 201204; FDSN-network code: ZE): (1) For stations with Cube data loggers, the raw data files are included. (2) For stations with EDL data loggers the log and auxiliary files are included. The main purpose of this dataset is to archive raw information on the timing quality, and to allow future use of alternative Cube-to-miniseed converters. Do not use this dataset if you are interested in continuous or event-based waveform data. Instead, refer to related dataset containing continuous waveforms . The dataset contains 1) log files for the stations with EDL data loggers (organized in sub-directories according to time range and station code); 2) separated MSEED-formatted data affected by some problems (organized in sub-directories according to time range and station code) and 3) raw CUBE-formatted data (organized in sub-directories according to time range and station name).
    Keywords: Seismology
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 48
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    Broadband Recordings for LITHOS-CAPP: LITHOspheric Structure of Caledonian, Archaean and Proterozoic Provinces, Sep. 2014 - Oct. 2016, Sweden and Finland – Recorder log-file - Datasets (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-29
    Description: Abstract
    Description: LITHOS-CAPP is the German contribution to the international ScanArray experiment. ScanArray is an array of broadband seismometers with which we aim to study the lithosphere and upper mantle beneath the Scandinavian Mountains and the Baltic Shield. LITHOS-CAPP contributed 20 broadband recording stations from September 2014 to October 2016, 10 in Sweden and 10 in Finland, continuously recordings at 100 samples per second. The stations were deployed by the KIT Geophysical Institute and GFZ section 2.4 (seismology). They form part of the temporary network ScanArrayCore (FDSN network code 1G 2012-2017). This data publication contains the original log-files of the recorders.
    Keywords: Broadband seismology ; Scandinavia ; temporary seismic network
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , temporary seismological network
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  • 49
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    IPOC Creep (2017)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: Abstract
    Description: IPOC Creep is an array of 11 creepmeters installed along 4 active segments oft eh Atacama Fault Zone in Northern Chile. Installation of instruments started in 2008 within the framework of the Integrated Plate-boundary Observatory Chile (IPOC) and was completed in 2011. All installations are designed by the authors and follow a general concept, but are adapted to each site specifically. All the installed instruments use solid 12 mm thick invar rods as length standards, which are firmly attached to a concrete foundation in the hanging wall of the fault and pass through a PVC pipe to the footwall side of the fault where it is fixed to another concrete foundation. The creepmeters are buried at a depth of 30 - 70 cm, in order to increase the signal-to-noise ratio. We use a LVDT (linear variable differential transformer) with a range of 50 mm to monitor the relative displacement of the free end of the rod relative to the fixation point. Displacement is measured as voltage change and stored on a data logger with a sampling rate of 1/min (2008-2011 and 2/min (since 2011). Temperature at the rod is continuously measured with the same sampling rate to correct for thermal expansion and contraction of the length standard. The length of the instrument is dependent on the geometry at each site and ranges between 2 and 9 m. More specific information on each site can be found on http://www.ipoc-network.org/index.php/observatory/creepmeter.html . The Data is stored as time series since the initial start of operation of each creepmeter until July 2016. Data format is asci and contains 4 columns: 1st column Date[D.M.Y] 2nd column Time [HH:MM:SS] 3rd column ReferenceSensor[V]The reference signal is a steady signal of 1V and fluctuations indicate general voltage fluctuations in the setup. By normalizing to the reference signal it is possible to correct for these voltage changes. 4th column CreepSensor[V]The measured voltage of the CreepSensor is linearly proportional to the actual displacement. It can be converted to micrometers as follows: Displacement(µm) = (CreepSensor(t2)[V] - CreepSensor(t1)[V]) * 10000.
    Keywords: Tectonic Creep ; Active Faults ; Fault Displacement Rate ; Convergent Margin ; Trench Parallel Fault System ; IPOC
    Language: English
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  • 50
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    Global magnetic observatory data 2013 (2017)
    INTERMAGNET ; Addis Ababa University, Institute of Geophysics, Space Science and Astronomy (Ethiopia) ; Altay-Sayan Branch of Geophysical Survey of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia) ; [et al.]
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-20
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Definitive digital values of the Earth's mangetic field recorded during 2013 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive file (gzipped tar format) available from this landing page. This is the 23rd annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted".For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual (http://www.intermagnet.org/publication-software/technicalsoft-eng.php) and the Technical note TN6 "INTERMAGNET Definitive One-second Data Standard"..
    Description: Methods
    Description: Geomagnetic data is recorded and quality controlled at the institutions responsible for each observatory. Before becoming a member of INTERMAGNET, institutes must make a detailed submission for each observatory that is to join. This submission is verified by a committee in INTERMAGNET before the observatory is admitted. Only data from INTERMAGNET members is published by INTERMAGNET. Each annual definitive data set is checked for quality by a team of data checkers in INTERMAGNET before the data is admitted to the series for that year.
    Description: Other
    Description: The International Real-time Magnetic Observatory Network (INTERMAGNET) is the global network of observatories, monitoring the Earth's magnetic field. The INTERMAGNET programme exists to establish a global network of cooperating digital magnetic observatories, adopting modern standard specifications for measuring and recording equipment, in order to facilitate data exchange and the production of geomagnetic products in close to real time. INTERMAGNET also coordinates the publication of quality-controlled, definitive geomagnetic data from its affiliated observatories.
    Keywords: definitive data ; INTERMAGNET ; geomagnetism ; magnetism ; observatory ; definitive ; In Situ Land-based Platforms 〉 GEOPHYSICAL STATIONS/NETWORKS 〉 GEOMAGNETIC STATIONS ; EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES 〉 ENVIRONMENTAL ADVISORIES 〉 GEOLOGICAL ADVISORIES 〉 GEOMAGNETISM ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOMAGNETISM
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 1 Files
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  • 51
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    The diversity of Russian estuaries and lagoons exposed to human influence (2017)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    Details Availability
    Call number: AWI G2-20-93405
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume describes the complex characteristics of almost all Russian coastal estuaries systematized in the following regions: the coasts of the White Sea, the Barents Sea, the Kara Sea, the Laptev Sea, the East Siberian Sea, the Chukchi Sea, the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov, the Baltic Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk, the Sea of Japan and the Bering Seas. The part on the Baltic Sea includes a detailed description of the Kaliningrad coast and the Gulf of Finland. Apart from the geology and morphology, this book also looks at the anthropogenic effects on shores as well as at hydrological conditions, local climate and water level characteristics, and at economic use of lagoons
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: xiii, 270 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 9783319433929 , 9783319433905 (print)
    Series Statement: Estuaries of the World
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-43392-9
    Language: English
    Note: Contents 1 Specific Features of Estuaries, Lagoons, Limans: Concepts and Terms / Petr Brovko and Ruben Kosyan 2 Estuaries and Lagoons of the Russian Arctic Seas / Vyacheslav Krylenko 3 Estuaries, Lagoons, and Limans of the Marginal Seas of Northeast Asia / Petr Brovko, Yuri Mikishin, and Tamara Ponomareva 4 Lagoons of the Black Sea / Vyacheslav Krylenko and Marina Krylenko 5 Lagoons of the Smallest Russian Sea / Marina Krylenko, Ruben Kosyan, and Vyacheslav Krylenko 6 Transboundary Lagoons of the Baltic Sea / Boris Chubarenko, Dmitriy Domnin, Svetlana Navrotskaya, Zhanna Stont, Vladimir Chechko, Valentina Bobykina, Vasiliy Pilipchuk, Konstantin Karmanov, Anastasea Domnina, Tatiana Bukanova, Victoria Topchaya, and Alexander Kileso 7 Neva Bay: A Technogenic Lagoon of the Eastern Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea) / Daria Ryabchuk, Vladimir Zhamoida, Marina Orlova, Alexander Sergeev, Julia Bublichenko, Andrey Bublichenko, and Leontina Sukhacheva 8 The White Sea as an Estuarine System / Evgeniy Ignatov, Oleksiy Kalynychenko, and Anatoliy Pantiulin 9 The Diversity of Russian Estuaries / Ruben Kosyan, Petr Brovko, and Jean-Paul Ducrotoy Index
    Location: AWI Reading room
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  • 52
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Rural sustainability : a complex systems approach to policy analysis (2017)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    Details Availability
    Call number: PIK B 010-19-92685
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Chapter1. Complex Adaptive Systems and a Sustainability Framework -- Chapter2. Rural Development in the Poyang Lake Region amid Floods -- Chapter3. Assessing Well-being in the Poyang Lake Region -- Chapter4. Understanding the Complex Processes Underlying Well-being of Rural Households -- Chapter5. Exploring Future Rural Development in the Poyang Lake Region -- Chapter6. Sustainability of human-environment systems -- Chapter7. The complex systems approach to policy analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: This volume applies the science of complexity to study coupled human-environment systems (CHES) and integrates ideas from the social sciences of climate change into a study of rural development amid flooding and urbanization in the Poyang Lake Region (PLR) of China. Author Qing Tian operationalizes the concept of sustainability and provides useful scientific analyses for sustainable development in less developed rural areas that are vulnerable to climatic hazards. The book uses a new sustainability framework that is centered on the concept of well-being to study rural development in PLR. The PLR study includes three major analyses: (1) a regional assessment of human well-being; (2) an empirical analysis of rural livelihoods; and (3) an agent-based computer model used to explore future rural development. These analyses provide a meaningful view of human development in the Poyang Lake Region and illustrate some of the complex local- and macro-level processes that shape the livelihoods of rural households in the dynamic process of urbanization. They generate useful insights about how government policy might effectively improve the well-being of rural households and promote sustainable development amid social, economic, and environmental changes. This case study has broader implications. Rural populations in the developing world are disproportionally affected by extreme climate events and climate change. Furthermore, the livelihoods of rural households in the developing world are increasingly under the influences of macro-level forces amid urbanization and globalization. This case study demonstrates that rural development policies must consider broader development dynamics at the national (and even global) level, as well as specific local social and environmental contexts. By treating climate as one of many factors that affect development in such places, we can provide policy recommendations that synergistically promote development and reduce climatic impacts and therefore facilitate mainstreaming climate adaptation into development
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XIX, 150 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    ISBN: 9783319526843
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Geography
    Language: English
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 53
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Freezing Colloids: Observations, Principles, Control, and Use : Applications in Materials Science, Life Science, Earth Science, Food Science, and Engineering (2017)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    Details Availability
    Call number: M 20.93843
    Description / Table of Contents: This book presents a comprehensive overview of the freezing of colloidal suspensions and explores cutting-edge research in the field. It is the first book to deal with this phenomenon from a multidisciplinary perspective, and examines the various occurrences, their technological uses, the fundamental phenomena, and the different modeling approaches. Its chapters integrate input from fields as diverse as materials science, physics, biology, mathematics, geophysics, and food science, and therefore provide an excellent point of departure for anyone interested in the topic.The main content is supplemented by a wealth of figures and illustrations to elucidate the concepts presented, and includes a final chapter providing advice for those starting out in the field. As such, the book provides an invaluable resource for materials scientists, physicists, biologists, and mathematicians, and will also benefit food engineers, civil engineers, and materials processing professionals.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XXIII, 598 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 978-3-319-50513-8
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    Language: English
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 54
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Fiber optic sensors : current status and future possibilities (2017)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    Details
    Call number: M 17.90354
    Description / Table of Contents: Fiber optic sensors based on nano-films -- Lossy Mode Resonances based sensors -- Surface Plasmon Resonances based fiber optic sensors -- Plastic optical fiber biosensors -- Vapor based deposition techniques for optical fiber sensing -- Fiber optic sensors in biomedical applications -- Optical hyperspectral sensors -- Fiber optic sensors for radiation dosimetry -- Fiber optic gas sensors -- Structural health monitoring fiber optic sensors -- Distributed temperature sensors -- Respiratory diseases fiber optic based sensors -- Optical sensing based on photonic crystal structures -- Long Period grating based sensors -- Magnetic field fiber optic sensors -- Sensing at THz frecuencies -- Multimode Interference Fiber Sensors -- Fiber optics sensors based on multicore structures
    Description / Table of Contents: This book describes important recent developments in fiber optic sensor technology and examines established and emerging applications in a broad range of fields and markets, including power engineering, chemical engineering, bioengineering, biomedical engineering, and environmental monitoring. Particular attention is devoted to niche applications where fiber optic sensors are or soon will be able to compete with conventional approaches. Beyond novel methods for the sensing of traditional parameters such as strain, temperature, and pressure, a variety of new ideas and concepts are proposed and explored. The significance of the advent of extended infrared sensors is discussed, and individual chapters focus on sensing at THz frequencies and optical sensing based on photonic crystal structures. Another important topic is the resonances generated when using thin films in conjunction with optical fibers, and the enormous potential of sensors based on lossy mode resonances, surface plasmon resonances, and long-range surface exciton polaritons. Detailed attention is also paid to fiber Bragg grating sensors and multimode interference sensors. Each chapter is written by an acknowledged expert in the subject under discussion
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: VIII, 381 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 9783319426242
    Series Statement: Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation 21
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42625-9
    Classification:
    Engineering
    Language: English
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  • 55
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    The Role of Halogens in Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Geochemical Processes : Surface, Crust, and Mantle (2017)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    Details Availability
    Call number: 10/M 18.90965 ; M 18.90965
    Description / Table of Contents: The book summarizes the knowledge and experiences concerning the role of halogens during various geochemical processes, such as diagenesis, ore-formation, magma evolution, metasomatism, mineralization, and metamorphism in the crust and mantle of the Earth. It comprises the role of halogens in other terrestrial worlds like volatile-rich asteroids, Mars, and the ice moons of Jupiter and Saturn. Review chapters outline and expand upon the basis of our current understanding regarding how halogens contribute to the geochemical/geophysical evolution and stability of terrestrial worlds overall.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: vi, 1030 Seiten
    Edition: 1st edition 2018
    ISBN: 978-3-319-61665-0
    Series Statement: Springer Geochemistry
    Classification:
    Geochemistry
    Language: English
    Location: Reading room
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 56
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Boron isotopes : the fifth element (2017)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    Details Availability
    Call number: 10/M 17.91211 ; M 18.91287
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: v, 289 Seiten
    ISBN: 9783319646640
    Series Statement: Advances in isotope geochemistry
    Classification:
    Geochemistry
    Language: English
    Location: Reading room
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 57
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    Monograph available for loan
    An Overview of the SIGMA Research Project : a European Approach to Seismic Hazard Analysis (2017)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    Associated volumes
    Details
    Call number: 8/M 17.90854
    In: Geotechnical, geological and earthquake engineering ; 42
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction -- 2 General Concepts and PSHA Background -- 3 Seismic Source Characterization -- 4 Rock Motion Characterization -- 5 Site Response Characterization -- 6 Seismic Hazard Computation -- 7 Interfaces Between Sub Projects -- 8 Probabilistic Seismic Testing and Updating of Seismic Hazard Results -- 9 Summary and Way Forward -- 10 References -- 11 Annex 1: List of Committee Members -- 12 Annex 2: List of Publications
    Description / Table of Contents: This book presents a summary of the important outcomes of the SIGMA project related to all aspects of Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment: source characterization, rock motion characterization, site response characterization, and hazard calculations, with for all of them emphasis on the treatment of uncertainties. In recent years, attempts have been made to identify and quantify uncertainties in seismic hazard estimations for regions with moderate seismicity. These uncertainties, for which no estimation standards exist, create major difficulties and can lead to different interpretations and divergent opinions among experts. To address this matter, an international research project was launched in January 2011, by an industrial consortium composed of French and Italian organizations. This program, named SIGMA (Seismic Ground Motion Assessment) lasted for five years and involved a large number of international institutions. This book is intended for instructors running courses on engineering seismology, graduate students in the same field and practicing engineers involved in Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analyses
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XI, 172 Seiten , farbige Illustrationen
    ISBN: 9783319581545 , 9783319581538 (print)
    Series Statement: Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering 42
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-58154-5
    Language: English
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    Introduction to Anticipation Studies (2017)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    Details Availability
    Call number: IASS 17.91074
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. An Outline Map of Anticipation -- Chapter 2. Understanding the Future -- Chapter 3 Wholes -- Chapter 4 Time -- Chapter 5. Emergence -- Chapter 6. Systems -- Chapter 7. Complexity -- Chapter  8. The Modeling Relation -- Chapter 9. The Discipline of Anticipation
    Description / Table of Contents: This book presents the theory of anticipation, and establishes anticipation of the future as a legitimate topic of research. It examines anticipatory behavior, i.e. a behavior that ‘uses’ the future in its actual decisional process. The book shows that anticipation violates neither the ontological order of time nor causation. It explores the question of how different kinds of systems anticipate, and examines the risks and uses of such anticipatory practices.   The book first summarizes the research on anticipation conducted within a range of different disciplines, and describes the connection between the anticipatory point of view and futures studies. Following that, its chapters on Wholes, Time and Emergence, make explicit the ontological framework within which anticipation finds its place. It then goes on to discuss Systems, Complexity, and the Modeling Relation, and provides the scientific background supporting anticipation. It restricts formal technicalities to one chapter, and presents those technicalities twice, in formal and plain words to advance understanding. The final chapter shows that all the threads presented in the previous chapters naturally converge toward what has come to be called “Discipline of Anticipation”
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: X, 275 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 9783319630212 (print) , 9783319630236 (eBook)
    Series Statement: Anticipation Science 1
    URL: http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=4b14b2490d034d1dab1da8dc7e1ec821&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63023-6
    Language: English
    Branch Library: RIFS Library
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    Monograph available for loan
    Data assimilation for atmospheric, oceanic and hydrologic applications (Vol. III) (2017)
    Cham : Springer International Publishing
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: M 18.92012
    In: Data assimilation for atmospheric, oceanic and hydrologic applications
    Description / Table of Contents: This book contains the most recent progress in data assimilation in meteorology, oceanography and hydrology including land surface. It spans both theoretical and applicative aspects with various methodologies such as variational, Kalman filter, ensemble, Monte Carlo and artificial intelligence methods. Besides data assimilation, other important topics are also covered including targeting observation, sensitivity analysis, and parameter estimation. The book will be useful to individual researchers as well as graduate students for a reference in the field of data assimilation.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: xxxvi, 553 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: 1. Auflage
    Edition: Online edition Springer eBook Collection. Earth and Environmental Science
    ISBN: 978-3-319-43414-8
    Series Statement: Data assimilation for atmospheric, oceanic and hydrologic applications Vol. III
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    Language: English
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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