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  • 550.28  (19)
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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Univ. Paderborn
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Transport processes play an important role in many natural phenomena. Prominent examples are the chaotic advection of fluid particles in geophysical flows or the transport of asteroids and comets in the solar system. Similar transport mechanisms are also at work in chemical physics explaining for example the transition between different conformations of molecules or the kinematics of chemical reactions. Therefore, in the numerical analysis of such dynamical systems one is interested in the identification of those regions in phase space that are involved in the transport process. In this context, invariant manifolds of hyperbolic objects play a crucial role as these structures are known to form natural barriers to transport ...
    Beschreibung: thesis
    Schlagwort(e): 550.28 ; 523 ; 550 ; TOW 000 ; Fluiddynamik {Geophysik}
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 142 S.
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Sea ice is a very important component of the climate system. While the Arctic sea ice extent has retreated during the past 20 years, it has remained constant in the Antarctic. In order to better understand the role of sea ice in the climate system in the context of global warming currently used coupled Atmosphere-Ocean Global Circulation Models have to be improved. This requires to know the sea ice concentration C for a long period for both hemispheres and at the best possible spatial resolution. Currently used methods to obtain C like the NASA Team (NT) algorithm are based on data acquired by the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) at 19 and 37GHz. The SEA LION (SL) algorithm presented here allows to infer C from the polarization P at 85GHz taking advantage of the higher spatial resolution at this frequency. However, the decrease of P caused by the weather influence leads to an overestimation of C. Therefore, P is corrected using a radiative transfer model and atmospheric data taken from Numerical Weather Prediction models and/or derived from SSM/I measurements. The various sea ice and snow properties are considered calculating monthly sea ice tie points. The average standard deviation of C derived with the SL algorithm is 12% for C 〈 50% and below 5% for C 〉 90%. The SL ice edge agrees within 10km with the one evident in VIS/IR images. The SL ice concentration gradient across the marginal ice zone (MIZ) agrees much better with the one evident in SAR images compared to results of the NT algorithm. Using the higher spatial resolution at 85GHz the SL algorithm allows to detect smaller open water areas than known algorithms. A major limitation of the SL algorithm arises from the quality of atmospheric data needed for the weather correction. A spatial resolution of these data lower than the 85GHz SSM/I channels and/or a time lag larger than half an hour between both data sets can cause relative errors above 100%, particulary in the cloud-covered parts of the MIZ.
    Beschreibung: thesis
    Schlagwort(e): 550.28 ; 551.31 ; 550 ; TWH 500 ; TWC 100 ; Einfluss von Eis {Klimatologie} ; Instr. Ergebn. zu Klimaänderungen und Klimaschwankungen
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 186 S.
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    Unbekannt
    Humboldt-Univ., Berlin
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: The motivation to our studies came from simulation of earth-quakes, that are modeled with elastic wave equations. In our paper we focus on the study of the stiff problems for the wave-equations. Due to this contribution we discuss iterative operator splitting methods for wave-equations motivated from a realistic problem in seismic sources and waves. The operator-splitting methods are wel-know to solve such complicated multidimensional and multi physics problems. We present the consistency analysis for the iterative methods as theoretical background for the wave-equation with respect to the underlying boundary conditions. From the algorithmic point of view we discuss the application of the decoupling and non-decoupling the equations, with respect to the eigenvalues. We verify our methods for test problems with known analytical solutions. Multi-dimensional examples are presented for realistic applications in wave equations. Finally we discuss the results.
    Beschreibung: report
    Schlagwort(e): 551.22 ; 550.28 ; 550 ; ZfM : partial differential equations ; ZfM : Operator-Splitting methods ; ZfM : iterative mehtods ; ZfM : seismic sources and waves ; ZfM : consistency analysis
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , publishedVersion
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: A stochastic numerical method is developed for simulation of flows and particle transport in a 2D layer of porous medium. The hydraulic conductivity is assumed to be a random field of a given statistical structure, the flow is modeled in the layer with prescribed boundary conditions. Numerical experiments are carried out by solving the Darcy equation for each sample of the hydraulic conductivity by a direct solver for sparse matrices, and tracking Lagrangian trajectories in the simulated flow. We present and analyze different Eulerian and Lagrangian statistical characteristics of the flow such as transverse and longitudinal velocity correlation functions, longitudinal dispersion coefficient, and the mean displacement of Lagrangian trajectories. We discuss the effect of long-range correlations of the longitudinal velocities which we have found in our numerical simulations. The related anomalous diffusion is also analyzed.
    Beschreibung: research
    Schlagwort(e): 550.28 ; 550 ; ZfM : Darcy equation ; ZfM : random hydraulic conductivity ; ZfM : randomized spectral models ; ZfM : diffusion regime ; ZfM : long-range correlations
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , draft
    Format: 24 S.
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: Durch den Prozess der Urbanisierung verändert die Menschheit die Erdoberfläche in großem Ausmaß und auf unwiederbringliche Weise. Die optische Fernerkundung ist eine Art der Erdbeobachtung, die das Verständnis dieses dynamischen Prozesses und seiner Auswirkungen erweitern kann. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht, inwiefern hyperspektrale Daten Informationen über Versiegelung liefern können, die der integrierten Analyse urbaner Mensch-Umwelt-Beziehungen dienen. Hierzu wird die Verarbeitungskette von Vorverarbeitung der Rohdaten bis zur Erstellung referenzierter Karten zu Landbedeckung und Versiegelung am Beispiel von Hyperspectral Mapper Daten von Berlin ganzheitlich untersucht. Die traditionelle Verarbeitungskette wird mehrmals erweitert bzw. abgewandelt. So wird die radiometrische Vorverarbeitung um die Normalisierung von Helligkeitsgradienten erweitert, welche durch die direktionellen Reflexionseigenschaften urbaner Oberflächen entstehen. Die Klassifikation in fünf spektral komplexe Landnutzungsklassen wird mit Support Vector Maschinen ohne zusätzliche Merkmalsextraktion oder Differenzierung von Subklassen durchgeführt...
    Beschreibung: thesis
    Schlagwort(e): 550.28 ; 622.159 ; 550 ; TQH 000 ; Aerogeophysik
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 276 S.
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: The hyperspectral UV-vis-NIR spectrometer SCIAMACHY will be launched aboard the European satellite Envisat. Its limb measurements will provide vertically resolved profiles of trace gases and other atmospheric parameters. No retrieval algorithms and radiative transfer models have been established for these measurements yet.In this thesis, a unique, fast radiative transfer model for UV-vis-NIR limb radiances has been developed, implemented, and validated. It takes into account the sphericity of the atmosphere and up to two orders of scattering and surface reflection. The weighting functions for all parameters are calculated from analytical formulae. A realistic instrument model with field-of-view integration and signal-to-noise computation and retrieval algorithms have also been implemented. All have been combined in the new program package SCIARAYS. The package has been applied for the characterisation of the limb measurements in several ways:The simulated weighting functions agree well with those due to full multiple scattering. Thus they may be used to calculate theoretical precision estimates and averaging kernels. In conformance with this, test retrievals with approximate weighting functions converge correctly. Therefore, the approximate weighting functions of SCIARAYS are well suited for retrievals from SCIAMACHYś limb measurements.Detailed theoretical retrieval precisions have been calculated for SCIAMACHYś trace gas targets. The conclusion is that a UV-vis-NIR limb sensor like SCIAMACHY is well suited for studying the vertical structure of the stratosphere and also of the upper troposphere above cloud top.Further investigations show that the vertical resolution of retrievals from SCIAMACHYś limb measurements can be improved beyond its geometrical limits. As a trade-off for better vertical resolution, the retrieval precision gets worse. Thus O3 profile features with 1km vertical extent will be detectable with a precision of 20-30%.
    Beschreibung: thesis
    Schlagwort(e): 551.5 ; 550.28 ; 550 ; TUA 850 ; TQI 000 ; TVA 210 ; Satellitenmeteorologie ; Geophysikalische Satellitenfernerkundung ; Chemische Zusammensetzung der Atmosphäre {Meteorologie}
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 247 S.
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: These lecture notes are devoted to an overview of the modelling and the numerical analysis of surface waves in two-component saturated poroelastic media. This is an extension to the part of the lecture notes by K. Wilmanski (WIAS-Preprint No. 945) which is primarily concerned with the classical surface waves in single component media. We use the ''simple mixture model'' which is a simplification of the classical Biot's model for poroelastic media. Two interfaces are considered here: firstly the interface between a porous half space and a vacuum and secondly the interface between a porous halfspace and a fluid halfspace. For both problems we show how a solution can be constructed and a numerical solution of the dispersion relation can be found. We discuss the results for phase and group velocities and attenuations, and compare some of them to the high and low frequency approximations. For the interface porous medium/vacuum there exist in the whole range of frequencies two surface waves - a leaky Rayleigh wave and a true Stoneley wave. For the interface porous medium/fluid one more surface wave appears - a leaky Stoneley wave. For this boundary velocities and attenuations of the waves are shown in dependence on the surface permeability. The true Stoneley wave exists only in a limited range of this parameter ...
    Beschreibung: report
    Schlagwort(e): 550.28 ; 550 ; VAE 130 ; TOE 000 ; TM 300 ; ZfM : surface waves ; ZfM : porous media ; ZfM : geophysics ; ZfM : numerical analysis of dispersion relation ; Geomechanik ; Physikalisches Verhalten der Erde {Geophysik} ; Methodik. Arbeitsmittel. Abkürzungsverzeichnisse {Geophysik}
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , draft
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: This work deals with the stochastic flow simulation in statistically isotropic and anisotropic saturated porous media in 3D case. The hydraulic conductivity is assumed to be a random field with lognormal distribution. Under the assumption of smallness of fluctuations in the hydraulic conductivity we construct a stochastic Eulerian model for the incompressible flow as a divergenceless Gaussian random field with a spectral tensor of a special structure derived from Darcy's law. A randomized spectral representation is then used to simulate this random field. Numerical results are compared with the analytical results obtained by the small pertrubation expansion. A series of test calculations confirmed the high accuracy and computational efficiency of the method. Comparisons with asymptotically exact results show a good agreement.
    Beschreibung: report
    Schlagwort(e): 550.28 ; 550 ; TOW 000 ; ZfM : hydraulic conductivity ; ZfM : lognormal random field ; ZfM : small fluctuation ; ZfM : darcy law ; ZfM : randomized spectral representation ; Fluiddynamik {Geophysik}
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , draft
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: To enhance interpretation capabilities of transient electromagnetic (TEM) methods, a multidimensional inverse solution is introduced, which allows for a explicit sensitivity calculation with reduced computational effort. The main conservation of computational load is obtained by solving Maxwell's equations directly in time domain. This is achieved by means of a high efficient Krylov-subspace technique that is particularly developed for the fast computation of EM fields in the diffusive regime. Traditional modeling procedures for Maxwell's equations yields solutions independently for every frequency or, in the time domain, at a given time through explicit time stepping. Because of this, frequency domain methods are rendered extremely time consuming for multi-frequency simulations. Likewise the stability conditions required by explicit time stepping techniques often result in highly inefficient calculations for large diffusion times and conductivity contrasts. The computation of sensitivities is carried out using the adjoint Green functions approach. For time domain applications, it is realized by convolution of the background electrical field information, originating from the primary signal, with the impulse response of the receiver acting as secondary source. In principle, the adjoint formulation may be extended allowing for a fast gradient calculation without calculating and storing the whole sensitivity matrix but just the gradient of the data residual. This technique, which is also known as migration, is widely used for seismic and, to some extend, for EM methods as well. However, the sensitivity matrix, which is not easily given by migration techniques, plays a central role in resolution analysis and would therefore be discarded ...
    Beschreibung: thesis
    Schlagwort(e): 550.28 ; 550 ; TQD 000 ; Elektrische Verfahren {Geophysik}
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 233 S.
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Univ. Freiberg (Sachsen)
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-03-29
    Beschreibung: The field of earth observation (EO) has seen tremendous development over recent time owing to the increasing quality of the sensor technology and the increasing number of operational satellites launched by several space organizations and companies around the world. Traditionally, the satellite data is analyzed by only considering the spectral characteristics measured at a pixel. The spatial relations and context were often ignored. With the advent of very high resolution satellite sensors providing a spatial resolution of ≤ 5m, the shortfalls of traditional pixel-based image processing techniques became evident. The need to identify new methods then led to focusing on the so called object-based image analysis (OBIA) methodologies. Unlike the pixel-based methods, the object-based methods which are based on segmenting the image into homogeneous regions use the shape, texture and context associated with the patterns thus providing an improved basis for image analysis ...
    Beschreibung: thesis
    Schlagwort(e): 550.28 ; TQI 000 ; VBJ 000 ; Geophysikalische Satellitenfernerkundung ; Satellitenbildgeologie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 135 S.
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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