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  • bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine  (628)
  • bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences  (481)
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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint is the printed edition of the Special Issue published in Materials. The reprint provides an overview on current international research activities in the field of advanced pulse laser machining technology. It covers fundamental and applied aspects and collects contributions of renowned scientists from academics and industries working in the fields of laser processing, materials science, physics, chemistry, and engineering in order to foster the current knowledge and present new ideas for future applications and new technologies.
    Keywords: multi-beam micromachining ; beam splitting ; invar ; shadow masks ; OLED ; nanosecond laser ; direct laser interference patterning ; design of experiments ; central composite design ; morphological filtering ; surface texture homogeneity ; micro structuring ; bearing steel ; dual laser beam processing ; excited state absorption ; semiconducting thin films ; stimulated emission depletion ; femtosecond laser ; silicon ; amorphization ; crystallization ; spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry ; transmission electron microscopy ; atomic force microscopy ; laser ablation ; ultrafast ; re-deposition ; fs-laser writing ; waveguides ; element redistribution ; Soret effect ; diffusion competition effects ; ultra-short pulses ; double pulses ; burst processing ; MHz bursts ; GHz bursts ; X-ray emission ; micromachining ; dose rate ; X-ray spectrum ; ultrafast laser ; laser ; ultrashort pulse ; plasma ; X-ray ; Bremsstrahlung ; resonance absorption ; burst ; bi-burst ; beam shaping ; squared top-hat ; fs-laser ; laser surface structuring ; laser-induced periodic surface structures ; micro-channels ; glass ; ultrafast laser processing ; Bessel beam ; X-ray emission hazards ; ultrashort pulsed laser ; radiation protection ; industrial applications ; protection housing ; ambient dose rate ; pulsed laser ; laser micromachining ; mechanical shutter ; solenoid shutter ; electro-optic modulator shutter ; opening time ; lifetime ; X-ray energies ; X-ray dose rate ; laser printing ; laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) ; digital manufacturing ; additive manufacturing ; printing of materials ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Landscapes and cultural heritage have faced many challenges over time, including modifications and degradation that appear with time, overlaps with other challenges not previously observed, and the influence of cities and management. One of the most visible and globally discussed challenges is climate change. Therefore, there is an urgent need to launch initiatives to tackle climate change and other current challenges from the perspective of landscape and cultural heritage protection. This Special Issue presents selected papers of studies conducted in relation to the 28th Conference on the Series of Garden Art and Historical Dendrology entitled “Climate Change and Current Challenges for Landscapes and Cultural Heritage” that was held on 28 and 29 October 2021. This collection serves as a platform for the exchange of experiences among researchers from different scientific domains.
    Keywords: nature reserves ; landscape fragmentation ; north–south transitional zone ; spatial differentiation ; Qinling–Daba Mountains ; habitat quality ; water dams ; Krakow fortress ; climate change ; environmental management ; cultural heritage conservation ; urban densification ; prefabricated housing estates ; spatial devastation ; protection of urban layout ; Cracow ; climate change mitigation ; cultural heritage ; urban renewal ; urban parks ; therapeutic landscapes ; climate resilience ; vernacular heritage ; climate narratives ; climate adaptation ; climate stories ; courtyard ; urban green infrastructure ; urban pattern ; supervised classification ; ecosystem services (ES) ; urban cemeteries ; biocultural diversity (BCD) ; urban green infrastructure (UGI) ; questionnaire survey ; Leipzig ; Łódź ; sensory gardens ; urban green spaces ; aromatic herbs ; plant smell memory ; stress ; human wellbeing in urban areas ; restorative environments ; history of gardens ; castle garden ; goosefoot avenue ; star-shaped garden layout ; Austro-Hungarian Empire ; Transylvania as part of Romania ; green infrastructure ; resilience management ; biodiversity ; scenario analysis ; cellular automata model ; historic psychiatric hospitals ; therapeutic landscape ; green therapy ; horticulture therapy ; historical commons ; human cultural heritage ; local development ; landscape values ; rainwater management ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This book is comprised of important reviews and cutting-edge original research papers concerning electrospun and electrosprayed formulations in drug delivery. Electrospinning and electrospraying have, in recent years, attracted increasing attention in the pharmaceutical sector, with research in the area advancing rapidly. It is now possible to prepare extremely complex systems using multi-fluid processes, and to increase production rates to an industrial scale. Electrospun formulations can be produced under GMP conditions and are in clinical trials. In this volume, we explore a range of topics around electrospinning and electrospraying in controlled drug delivery. Four reviews cover the exciting potential of cyclodextrin-containing fibers and the many potential biomedical applications of electrospun fibers. The use of electrospinning to prepare amorphous systems and improve the dissolution rate and solubility of poorly soluble active ingredients is addressed, and the possibilities of such materials in tissue engineering are comprehensively covered. The six original research papers cover the effect of molecular properties on API release from Eudragit-based electrospun fibers; ferulic acid solid dispersions; electrospun medicines to treat psoriasis; scale up of electrospinning and its use to produce low-dose tablets; transepithelial permeation of drugs released from electrospun fibers, and the possibilities for the synergistic chemophotothermal treatment of cancer.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RM1-950 ; tissue engineering ; cyclodextrin ; permeability ; poly (vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) ; crystalline ; antibacterial ; drug delivery ; homogenization ; capsaicin ; combination therapy ; high-shear mixing ; cyclodextrin-inclusion complexes ; amorphous ; high-speed electrospinning ; PMVE/MA ; aqueous solubility enhancement ; sieve analysis ; Raman mapping ; Eudragit ; nanofibers ; psoriasis ; PCL ; essential oils ; parameters ; antibiotics ; xanthan gum ; carvedilol ; amorphous composite ; coaxial electrospinning ; insoluble drug ; NIR-triggered drug release ; fast dissolution ; electrospinning ; oral drug delivery ; electrospun nanofibers ; poly-cyclodextrin ; TRPV1 ; gallic acid ; solid dispersion ; photothermal therapy ; drug release ; applications ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Fluid intake has barely been assessed, and hydration status has only rarely been measured in epidemiological studies. This hampers attempts to assess the adequacy of water intake at a population level. However, although guidelines have been established to determine how much water humans require to avoid dehydration and to optimize physical and psychological function, limited data are available on the total water and beverages intake. Therefore, the percentage of population with inadequate water intake is unknown. There is a clear need for studies in different settings around the world that quantify total water and beverage intake and explore associations between types of beverages consumed and energy intake.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; Adequate hydration ; Beverages consumption ; Water and energy intake ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Wildfire risk can be perceived as the combination of wildfire hazards (often described by likelihood and intensity) with the susceptibility of people, property, or other valued resources to that hazard. Reflecting the seriousness of wildfire risk to communities around the world, substantial resources are devoted to assessing wildfire hazards and risks. Wildfire hazard and risk assessments are conducted at a wide range of scales, from localized to nationwide, and are often intended to communicate and support decision making about risks, including the prioritization of scarce resources. Improvements in the underlying science of wildfire hazard and risk assessment and in the development, communication, and application of these assessments support effective decisions made on all aspects of societal adaptations to wildfire, including decisions about the prevention, mitigation, and suppression of wildfire risks. To support such efforts, this Special Issue of the journal Fire compiles articles on the understanding, modeling, and addressing of wildfire risks to homes, water resources, firefighters, and landscapes.
    Keywords: wildfire risk ; object-oriented image analysis ; Sentinel-2 ; fire behavior ; flammap ; wildfire management ; water supply ; erosion ; wildfire containment ; Potential fire Operational Delineations ; Monte Carlo simulation ; transmission risk ; WUI ; fire ; defensible space ; prescribed fire ; community vulnerability ; fire suppression costs ; Zillow ; wildfire ; predictive modeling ; fire spread model ; Monte Carlo ; spatial modeling ; area difference index ; statistics ; precision ; recall ; principal components analysis ; risk assessment ; structure loss ; wildland–urban interface ; mitigation ; mapping ; land use ; disaster ; fire spread models ; surrogate modeling ; sensitivity analysis ; global sensitivity analysis ; colour coding ; communication ; forest fire ; ordinal categorization ; palette ; risk ; firefighter safety ; safe separation distance ; safety zones ; LCES ; Google Earth Engine ; lidar ; LANDFIRE ; Landsat ; GEDI ; parcel-level risk ; post-fire analysis ; risk mitigation ; rapid assessment ; natural hazards ; fuels ; fire hazard ; remote sensing ; LiDAR ; Sentinel ; modeling ; simulation ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAL Forestry & related industries
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Gluten is the major protein of wheat and other cereals (rye and barley); it is responsible for triggering celiac disease (CD) in genetically predisposed individuals. Until a few years ago, CD was the major (if not the only) well-known gluten-related disorder. However, in recent years, it has become clear that gluten proteins may activate different pathological mechanisms, leading to a wide spectrum of human diseases, including non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), gluten ataxia, neuro-psychiatric disorders, and many others. Conceptually, we have therefore moved from a Ptolemaic to a Copernican system, i.e., CD is no longer the “center of the universe”, but is just one of the possible worlds of gluten intolerance. Many other gluten planets do indeed exist and deserve the attention of researchers and clinicians alike. Although different gluten-related disorders show specific epidemiological, pathophysiological, and clinical aspects, these conditions share a trigger and treatment: the gluten-free diet. For a very long time, awareness of these disorders has been limited and, therefore, the epidemiology of gluten-related disorders is still a “work in progress”. Current research strives to clarify the boundaries between these entities, their disease mechanisms, and how a proper diagnosis can be implemented.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; gluten-related disorders;celiac disease;gluten intolerance ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This Special Issue highlights fundamental changes to the questions that we can ask about both the recent past and deep time. Delve into the forefront of paleontological research with this Special Issue reprint. Renowned paleontologists from around the world share groundbreaking insights into ancient life on Earth. Discover the latest advances in fossil discovery, analytical techniques, interdisciplinary collaborations, and technological innovations that are shaping our understanding of evolution and the Earth's history. This collection of cutting-edge research is a must-read for scientists, researchers, and enthusiasts interested in the dynamic field of paleontology in the modern era.
    Keywords: REE ; Tyrannosaurus rex ; molecular paleontology ; geochemical taphonomy ; diagenesis ; bone ; protein ; collagen ; Hell Creek Formation ; cuticle ; Eocene ; Fur Formation ; insects ; melanin ; mo-clay ; pigment ; Stolleklint Clay ; structural coloration ; Ølst Formation ; fossil ; dinosaur ; paleoproteomics ; porphyrin ; keratin ; feather ; taphonomy ; degradation ; microbes ; CO2 ; apatite ; paleontology ; China ; history ; 20th century ; 21th century ; paleobiology ; history and philosophy of paleontology ; twenty-first-century paleontology ; paleobiological revolution ; technoscience and global issues ; fossil proteins ; rare earth elements ; soft-tissue preservation ; geochemistry ; soft tissues ; molecular preservation ; Hornerstown Formation ; shallow marine ; glauconite ; hybridization ; introgression ; ancient DNA (aDNA) ; hominin paleontology ; paleoanthropology ; Brachylophosaurus ; Judith River Formation ; ELISA ; RIA ; Venta Micena site ; VM-0 ; VM-1960 ; taxonomy ; morphometrics ; phylogeny ; evolution ; morphological clock ; molecular clock ; biodiversity ; palaeobiogeography ; macroevolution ; primates ; Cercopithecidae ; monkeys ; genotype:phenotype mapping ; dentition ; Equidae ; Equinae ; hipparionini ; protohippini ; equini ; paleoecology ; paleoclimatology ; biochronology ; steroids ; diet ; coprolites ; Gryphaea dilatata ; crystallographic texture ; pole figures ; neutron diffraction ; recrystallization ; thick-walled shells ; molecular taphonomy ; fossils ; preservation ; mass spectrometry ; dinosaurs ; Neanderthal ; Combe-Grenal ; juvenile ; mandible ; periodontitis ; tooth ; tartar ; SEM analysis ; n/a ; terrestrialization ; artrhopods ; Cambrian explosion ; molecular clocks ; palaeontology ; phylogenomics ; teeth ; enamel ; microanalysis ; Purussaurus ; Neoepiblema ; miocene ; ICP-MS ; MEV ; microscopy ; magnetic resonance imaging ; micro-computed tomography ; radiocarbon dating ; DNA barcoding ; synchrotron ; bone remodeling ; elemental analysis ; diagenetic alteration ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This Special Issue introduces recent research results on MEMS packaging and 3D integration whose subjects can be divided as follow; three papers on biocompatible implantable packaging, three papers on interconnect, three papers on bonding technologies, one paper on vacuum packaging, and three papers on modeling and simulation.
    Keywords: heterogeneous integration ; wafer bonding ; wafer sealing ; room-temperature bonding ; Au-Au bonding ; surface activated bonding ; Au film thickness ; surface roughness ; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) packaging ; inkjet printing ; redistribution layers ; capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducers (CMUT) ; fan-out wafer-level packaging (FOWLP) ; adhesion ; thin film metal ; parylene ; neural probe ; scotch tape test ; FEM ; MEMS resonator ; temperature coefficient ; thermal stress ; millimeter-wave ; redundant TSV ; equivalent circuit model ; S-parameters extraction ; technology evaluation ; MEMS and IC integration ; MCDM ; fuzzy AHP ; fuzzy VIKOR ; fan-out wafer-level package ; finite element ; glass substrate ; reliability life ; packaging-on-packaging ; thermal sensors ; TMOS sensor ; finite difference time domain ; optical and electromagnetics simulations ; finite element analysis ; ultrasonic bonding ; metal direct bonding ; microsystem integration ; biocompatible packaging ; implantable ; reliability ; Finite element method (FEM) ; simulation ; multilayer reactive bonding ; integrated nanostructure-multilayer reactive system ; spontaneous self-ignition ; self-propagating exothermic reaction ; Pd/Al reactive multilayer system ; Ni/Al reactive multilayer system ; low-temperature MEMS packaging ; crack propagation ; microbump ; deflection angle ; stress intensity factor (SIF) ; polymer packaging ; neural interface ; chronic implantation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Advancements in digital technologies are reshaping the world of dentistry, from prosthodontics to implant dentistry. Intraoral scanners, facial scanners, 3D printers, and milling machines have revolutionized the clinical approach and operative workflow in daily practice. However, digital dentistry brings several challenges to clinicians due to the rapid evolution of new technologies and the lack of evidence-based guidelines for their correct use. The aim of this Special Issue is to cover the latest advances in the development and application of digital technologies in prosthetic and implant dentistry. We wish to provide both clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive and up-to-date source of information on current trends, limitations, and potential future applications of digital technologies in daily clinical practice.
    Keywords: dental implants ; digital impression ; intraoral scanner ; CAD/CAM materials ; toothbrushing wear ; surface ; roughness ; surface integrity ; alveolar remodeling ; tooth extraction ; intraoral digital scanning ; imaging superimposition ; less traumatic surgery ; socket healing ; implantology ; computer-aided surgery ; image-guided surgery ; zygomatic implants ; navigation system ; dental implant ; bone level ; prospective study ; sub-crestal placement ; emergence profile ; guided surgery ; digital workflow ; stereolithographic surgical guide ; accuracy ; CAD–CAM ; DICOM–STL ; static guided surgery ; clinical study ; intraoral scanners ; digital dentistry ; impression techniques ; full-arch impression ; elderly population ; dimensional measurement accuracy ; implant scan ; operator ; precision ; scan area ; trueness ; occlusion ; overloading ; complications ; implant-supported restorations ; marginal bone loss ; oral implantology ; intraoral scan ; cone-beam computed tomography ; oral surgery ; emergence angle ; retrospective study ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, and the disease now affects nearly every country and region. Nearly 18 months later, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to present significant challenges to health systems, public health, and the economy of countries across both hemispheres. The morbidity and mortality of the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been significant, and various waves of disease outbreaks initially overwhelmed hospitals and clinics in many countries and continue to do so. This influences everyone, and public health countermeasures have been dramatic in terms of their impact on employment, social systems, and mental health. This Special Issue collection follows on from the Special Issue “COVID-19: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives” and provides an avenue for authors from various disciplines to provide feedback on the response to and our future global preparedness for COVID-19, as well as to disseminate critical information about SARS-CoV-2 and the associated COVID-19 pandemic.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; new-onset DM ; severe infection ; mortality ; outbreak ; P.1 variant ; Gamma variant ; SARS-CoV-2 infection ; whole-genome sequencing ; pandemic ; overweight ; obesity ; Peru ; psychological impacts ; public health ; preparedness ; mRNA-1273 ; BNT162b2 ; TAK-919 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; post-vaccination ; healthcare personnel ; vaccination ; asymptomatic infection ; HIV ; infectious disease ; excess mortality ; regdanvimab ; remdesivir ; severe ; community transmission ; population density gradient ; Dhaka ; Bangladesh ; dengue ; undifferentiated febrile illness ; antigen testing ; variants ; reinfections ; breakthrough infections ; vaccine hesitancy ; sub-Saharan Africa ; pulmonary fibrosis ; postacute COVID-19 syndrome ; tuberculosis ; helminth coinfection ; coronavirus ; coordination ; health operations and technical expertise ; AFRO ; diarrhea ; liver ; pancreas ; inflammatory bowel diseases ; liver transplantation ; reproduction rate ; phylogenetic analysis ; clade GK ; D614G ; P681R ; cross-reactivity ; haemorrhage ; thrombocytopenia ; thrombosis ; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) ; molecular diagnostics ; real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) ; economy ; income levels ; waves ; policy ; turning points ; occupational exposure ; risk factors ; personal protective equipment ; SIR model ; socio-behavioral aspects ; interaction distance ; school reopening strategy ; self-medication ; over-the-counter ; medicine use ; Pakistan ; clinical features ; Luanda ; Angola ; socioeconomic status ; risk perception ; risk prevention practices ; qualitative ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The World Health Organization recommends the consumption of plant foods instead of animal-origin foods due to their high levels of saturated fat and cholesterol. Consumption of plant products has led to research on the beneficial properties of their components beyond basic nutrients. Vegetable-derived peptides have shown multifunctional effects related to chronic diseases, attracting interest from the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. This reprint highlights studies on various vegetable extracts, such as chestnut, quinoa, amaranth, buckwheat, and Protium heptaphyllum gum resin, which have demonstrated antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and cholesterol-regulating properties. Specific compounds derived from plants, such as methyl p-coumarate and lupin protein hydrolysate, have shown effectiveness in reducing inflammation and anxiety, respectively. A vegetable extract of rosemary has been studied for its potential to treat osteogenesis imperfecta. Moreover, this repprint reviews Lycium barbarum berries, essential oils from Annonaceae species, antioxidant compounds, phytosterols, and natural compounds for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis was discussed. Overall, these studies suggest that vegetable-derived bioactive compounds could serve as new nutraceuticals to prevent and treat a wide range of chronic diseases.
    Keywords: hypercholesterolemia ; gene expression ; HMGCR ; PCSK9 ; PPARα ; enzymatic activity ; molecular docking ; statin ; monacolin ; breu branco ; seed storage proteins ; peptides ; anti-inflammatory ; antioxidant ; trypsin inhibitors ; quinoa ; amaranth ; buckwheat ; in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion ; natural products ; Brazilian species ; essential oil ; applications ; phytosterols ; neurodegeneration ; Alzheimer’s disease ; blood brain barrier ; obesity ; oxidative stress ; dyslipidemia ; diabetes ; enzyme-assisted extraction ; plant material ; phenolic compounds ; oligosaccharides ; prebiotic ; nanocellulose ; nanofibers ; fermentation ; sustainability ; cancer ; drug delivery ; oral mucositis ; treatment ; lupin ; protein hydrolysates ; anxiety ; ApoE−/− ; functional foods ; peptidomics ; rosemary extract ; collagen type I ; unfolded protein response ; autophagy ; proteasome ; skin fibroblasts ; apoptosis ; osteogenesis imperfecta ; asthma ; methyl p-coumarate ; Th2 cytokines ; eosinophil ; NF-κB ; Castanea sativa shells ; Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) ; antimicrobial activity ; goji berries ; pro-healthy effects ; phenolics ; biological properties ; functional ingredients ; in vitro cultures ; Ruta montana ; coumarins ; alkaloids ; antibiofilm formation ; antibacterial activity ; antioxidant activity ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders and is characterized by recurrent seizures resulting from abnormal neuronal excitability in the central nervous system. Despite the availability of thirty-six antiseizure medications, about one-third of patients with epilepsy do not respond to the pharmacological treatment and develop a so-called “pharmaco-resistant epilepsy” or “refractory epilepsy.” Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel, effective therapies based on novel mechanisms underlying neuronal excitability that leads to seizures. This reprint’s original research papers and review articles highlight unknown mechanisms underlying pharmaco-resistant resistant epilepsy, epileptogenesis, and seizure suppression.
    Keywords: 3CAI ; GRIA1 ; GRIA2 ; intractable epilepsy ; PICK1 ; protein kinase C ; pericytes ; mural cells ; cytokine ; blood-brain barrier ; neuroinflammation ; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 ; AKT ; cyclosporin A ; GluA1 ; GluR1 ; PDK1 ; refractory seizure ; temporal lobe epilepsy ; hippocampus ; 4-aminopyridine ; epilepsy model ; long-term potentiation ; AMPA receptor ; audiogenic epilepsy ; rodents ; fear reaction ; behavior genetics ; c-Fos ; early gene activation ; epileptogenesis ; lipopolysaccharide ; pentylenetetrazole ; post-traumatic epilepsy ; seizure susceptibility ; traumatic brain injury ; epilepsy ; ghrelin ; ghrelin receptor ; anxiety ; TRPV1 channels ; neuronal activity ; neuropsychiatric comorbidity ; immunofluorescence ; audiogenic kindling ; acoustically evoked seizures ; EACT ; generalized tonic-clonic seizures ; inherited epilepsy ; TMEM1A channels ; wild running seizures ; astrocyte ; ML365 ; pharmacoresistant epilepsy ; cortical atrophy ; hippocampal atrophy ; intracerebral electrode ; magnetic resonance imaging ; posttraumatic epilepsy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: It is our pleasure to present this Special Issue of Molecules entitled “Food Processing and Its Impact on Phenolic and other Bioactive Constituents in Food”. Bioactive compounds including phenolic ingredients have long been used as important constituents of a healthy diet. As a result, consumer awareness about the important role of high-quality products rich in bioactive compounds—especially phenolic compounds—in human nutrition, health, and prevention against diseases has increased. Additionally, methods for food processing, regardless of the technology used, have a huge impact on the quality of the final products. Therefore, the big challenges for scientists lie in the monitoring of changes during food processing and the optimization of technology to achieve the minimal degradation of nutrients (including phenolic compounds). Thus, for this Special Issue, I encourage you to read some interesting papers aimed at bringing the latest scientific news, insights, and advances in the field of food processing and its impact on bioactive constituents in food, especially phenolic compounds. The information presented will certainly arouse considerable interest among a large group of our readers from different disciplines and research fields.
    Keywords: apple ; phenolic compounds ; genetic resources ; HPLC-DAD ; thyme ; oregano ; dry herbs ; polyphenols ; chlorophyll ; carotenoids ; microbial ; cytotoxicity ; dissolution test ; functional food ; innovative food ; drying ; natural food ; Helianthus tuberosus ; pro-healthy properties ; plant polyphenols ; food processing ; phenolic content ; bioavailability ; bioaccessibility ; coffee Arabica ; roasting process ; brewing methods ; antioxidant activity ; flavonoids ; caffeine ; pH of infusions ; tannins ; snack ; baking ; carotenoids content ; chlorophyll content ; total polyphenols content ; calorific value ; sensory properties ; sourdough fermentation ; inoculation ; lactic acid bacteria ; FODMAP ; fructans ; antioxidants ; chocolate ; free radical scavenging activity ; reducing power ; functionalization of food ; electronic nose analysis ; isoflavone conversion ; thermal process ; immature seeds ; mature seeds ; internal water content ; konjac ; linseed flour ; fat substitute ; volatile compounds ; lipid oxidation ; encapsulation ; Mauritia flexuosa (aguaje) ; controlled dehydration ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The eradication of vector-borne diseases is threatened by the limited range of available insecticides, leading, inevitably, to the development of resistance. This is particularly concerning for malaria control, which relies heavily on insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual sprays (IRS). New chemistries are being developed, and innovative deployment of insecticides may play a role in overcoming resistance, either through new types of tools or new means of distribution. A variety of novel product types and vector control strategies are under development and evaluation, which is to be celebrated, but a strong evidence base is needed to guide effective operational deployment decisions. Novel approaches should be supported by robust data collected using appropriate and validated methods to monitor efficacy, durability, and any emerging resistance. This reprint presents original research into developing and characterizing new vector control products, as well as understanding and monitoring insecticide resistance. Review articles explore the impact of insecticide resistance and offer guidance on insecticide choice in the face of pyrethroid resistance. Consensus methodologies are presented, in the form of standard operating procedures (SOPs) designed to be adopted and used to generate reproducible data that can be compared and interpreted across and between studies. It is hoped that this collection of articles offers inspiration and guidance on how consistent data can be generated to inform more effective development, evaluation, and use of new and existing vector control tools.
    Keywords: prallethrin ; insecticide ; spatial treatment ; mosquito fitness ; protection ; pyrethroids ; Aedes albopictus ; Culex pipiens ; life tables ; mosquito ; bite-proof garment ; model ; textile ; non-insecticidal ; physical barrier ; insecticide selection ; out-crossing ; strain authentication ; laboratory screening ; pyrethroid ; pyrethroid resistance ; insecticide resistance ; insecticide resistance management ; vector control ; malaria ; malaria control ; Anopheles ; host-seeking behavior ; insecticide exposure ; pathogen transmission ; Aedes aegypti ; Anopheles gambiae ; ATSB ; Culex quinquefasciatus ; Iroquois ; RNAi ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; yeast ; Anopheles mosquito ; fertility ; ovary development ; pyriproxyfen (PPF) ; side-effects ; machine learning ; image classification ; automated identification ; convolutional neural network ; insecticide-treated net (ITN) ; PBO ITN ; synergist ITN ; dual-AI ITN ; insecticide resistance management (IRM) ; method validation ; durability monitoring ; bioinsecticide ; disease transmission ; insecticide-resistance ; mosquito-borne disease ; mosquito control ; natural compounds ; phytochemical ; malaria vector ; insecticide treated nets ; cytochrome P450s ; kdr ; cuticular resistance ; deltamethrin ; imidacloprid ; bifenthrin ; β-cyfluthrin ; etofenprox ; α-cypermethrin ; λ-cyhalothrin ; thiacloprid ; mosquitoes ; Attractive Toxic Sugar Bait (ATSB) ; Attractive Targeted Sugar Bait (ATSB) ; diagnostic bioassay ; resistance monitoring ; insecticide-treated nets (ITN) ; strain characterisation ; method development ; product evaluation ; quality control (QC) ; dual active ingredients (dual-AI) ; bioefficacy ; IRS ; application technology ; broflanilide ; clothianidin ; pirimiphos-methyl ; WHO tube ; WHO tunnel test ; ITNs ; interceptor ; interceptor G2 ; membrane ; human arm ; rabbit ; bioassay ; bio-efficacy ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 15
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Development of strategies to assist the movement of poorly permeable molecules across biological barriers has long been the goal of drug delivery science. In the last three decades, there has been an exponential increase in advanced drug delivery systems that aim to address this issue. However, most proprietary delivery technologies that have progressed to clinical development are based on permeation enhancers (PEs) that have a history of safe use in man. This Special Issue entitled “Transmucosal Absorption Enhancers in the Drug Delivery Field” aims to present the current state-of-the-art in the application of PEs to improve drug absorption. Emphasis is placed on identification of novel permeation enhancers, mechanisms of barrier alteration, physicochemical properties of PEs that contribute to optimal enhancement action, new delivery models to assess PEs, studies assessing safety of PEs, approaches to assist translation of PEs into effective oral, nasal, ocular and vaginal dosage forms and combining PEs with other delivery strategies.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RM1-950 ; chitosan ; intestinal epithelial cells ; ocular delivery ; amphiphilic polymers ; cornea ; tight junction modulator ; cyclodextrin ; permeability ; gemini surfactant ; transferrin ; compound 48/80 ; epithelial permeability ; cervicovaginal tumors ; nanoparticles ; confocal laser scanning microscopy ; safety ; formulation ; salcaprozate sodium ; intestinal absorption ; FITC-dextran ; curcumin ; block copolymers ; nasal vaccination ; whole leaf ; brush border ; ocular drug delivery ; vaccine adjuvant ; nanoparticle ; nasal delivery ; efflux ; permeation enhancers ; absorption enhancers ; nose to brain delivery ; small intestine ; epithelium ; CNS disorders ; absorption modifying excipients ; insulin ; absorption enhancer ; gel ; intestinal delivery ; thermogel system ; Caco-2 ; biocompatibility studies ; absorption enhancement ; man ; PN159 ; poorly absorbed drug ; tryptophan ; tight junction ; oral macromolecule delivery ; penetration enhancer ; intestinal permeation enhancers ; nanocrystals ; simvastatin ; nanomedicine ; enterocyte ; N-dodecyl-?-D-maltoside (DDM) ; cell-penetrating peptide ; quaternization ; KLAL ; nasal ; nasal permeability ; transmucosal drug delivery ; Caco-2 cells ; mast cell activator ; penetration enhancers ; drug delivery ; nose-to-brain ; bioenhancer ; polymeric micelles ; mucoadhesion ; cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) ; simulated intestinal fluid ; vaginal delivery ; nasal formulation ; pharmacokinetic interaction ; sodium caprate ; clinical trial ; transmucosal permeation ; drug absorption enhancer ; sugar-based surfactants ; nanocapsules ; imatinib ; teriparatide ; osteoporosis ; hydrophobization ; F-actin ; combined microsphere ; transepithelial electrical resistance ; oral delivery ; ocular conditions ; metabolism ; antimicrobial peptide ; permeation enhancer ; drug administration ; antiepileptic drug ; amino acid ; in vivo studies ; sodium cholate (NaC) ; epithelial transport ; preclinical ; nose to brain transport ; pharmacokinetics ; chitosan derivatives ; ophthalmology ; tight junctions ; sheep ; cationic functionalization ; GLP-1 ; pulmonary ; and liposome ; cytochrome P450 ; claudin ; P-glycoprotein ; in situ hydrogel ; mucoadhesiveness ; PTH 1-34 ; Aloe vera ; oral peptides ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Phenolic compounds in food such as fruits, vegetables, wine, spices, and oils have been characterized and their possible effects on human health has been studied in depth. Several technological aspects have also been considered concerning the sustainable extraction of phenolic compounds, the long-term storage effects, and the influence of fermentation and boiling techniques on their properties.
    Keywords: chestnut ; water curing ; non-targeted MS analysis ; antioxidants ; Arecaceae ; polyphenols ; volatile content ; antioxidant activity ; liquid chromatography ; inflammation ; lung ; oxidative damage ; antiviral ; polyphenol ; phenolic acids ; flavonoids ; Vicia faba ; functional food ; green solvents ; biologically active compounds ; selective separation ; medicinal plants ; ultrasonic-assisted extraction ; microwave-assisted extraction ; kombucha ; black tea ; long-term storage ; antioxidant scavenging activity ; total phenolic content ; meat quality ; antimicrobial activity ; C. scolymus ; food quality ; beverages ; health properties ; antioxidant activities ; fibrinogen ; albumin ; rutin ; tannic acid ; resveratrol ; binding properties ; first order ; kinetic modelling ; zero order ; food processing ; herbal tea ; boiling ; EVOO ; vegetables ; phenolic compounds ; thermal treatment ; processing techniques ; bioaccessibility ; bioavailability ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 17
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-07-06
    Description: The articles in this Special Issue cover a very wide range of topics related to the cultivation, management and use of fast-growing tree species. In addition to research on breeding and on the influence of pruning practices on the height growth of paulownia, three articles deal with the influence of site characteristics and nutrient availability on the physiology and yield security of fast-growing tree species. Another article focuses on the modeling of soil carbon in Salix plantations, while the article by Boruszewski et al. reports on potentially suitable areas for the planting of fast-growing tree species in Poland. Zitzmann and Rode examine the impact of short-rotation plantation management on phytodiversity, while Helbig et al. deal with the influence of leaf feeding on the growth of poplars and willows. Finally, Hernandez-Estrada et al. describe the dry matter loss of poplar wood chips during storage.
    Keywords: woody biomass crops ; bioenergy ; biodiversity ; species richness ; flora ; vascular plants ; short rotation coppices ; poplars ; willows ; feeding simulation ; defoliation ; herbivory ; short rotation coppice ; phosphatase activity ; nutrient content ; growth stages ; biomass ; willow ; Salix ; capacity ; European larch ; fast-growing trees ; plantations ; plantation area ; poplar cultivar “Hybrid 275” ; sown area ; biomass production ; life cycle assessment ; climate impact ; soil organic carbon ; genotypic difference ; CRISPR/Cas9 ; genome editing ; Populus ; INRA 717-1B4 ; pyramidal plant habitus ; leaf petiole angle ; branch angle ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; carbon ; physiology ; F. mandshurica ; Robinia pseudoacacia L. ; photosynthetic vitality ; chlorophyll and phenol content ; nutrition supply ; dry matter yield ; land reclamation ; spring pruning ; year-long pruning ; branching ; angle diversion of sprout ; dry matter losses ; poplar wood chips ; laboratory scale ; cultivable saproxylic microbiota ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAL Forestry & related industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This book presents the advances in plant salinity stress and tolerance, including mechanistic insights revealed using powerful molecular tools and multi-omics and gene functions studied by genetic engineering and advanced biotechnological methods. Additionally, the use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in the improvement of plant salinity tolerance and the underlying mechanisms and progress in breeding for salinity-tolerant rice are comprehensively discussed. Clearly, the published data have contributed to the significant progress in expanding our knowledge in the field of plant salinity stress and the results are valuable in developing salinity-stress-tolerant crops; in benefiting their quality and productivity; and eventually, in supporting the sustainability of the world food supply.
    Keywords: watermelon ; salt stress ; RNA-seq ; amino acids ; endocytosis ; Arabidopsis thaliana ; halophyte ; high-affinity potassium transporter (HKT) ; Na+ transporter ; salt tolerance ; Sporobolus virginicus ; aquaporins ; barley ; ion transport ; oocytes ; plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) ; GmbZIP15 ; transcription factor ; drought stress ; soybean ; biotechnology breeding ; high-throughput sequencing ; QTLs ; rice ; halophytic wild barley ; salinity ; osmotic stress ; metabolome ; transcriptome ; ionome ; stress adaptation ; Hordeum marinum ; aquaporin ; Zygophyllum xanthoxylum ; plant growth ; abiotic stress ; sensing ; signaling ; transcription factors ; osmoregulation ; antioxidation ; ion homeostasis ; jasmonates ; jasmonate signaling pathway ; crosstalk ; exogenous jasmonate applications ; GWAS ; PGPR ; ACC deaminase ; seed priming ; IAA ; cell wall integrity ; cell wall sensor ; LRXs ; CrRLK1Ls ; Millettia pinnata ; calmodulin-like ; heterologous expression ; halophiles ; plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) ; RNA sequence analysis (RNA-seq) ; quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: In recent years, new and emerging digital technologies applied to food science have been gaining attention and increased interest from researchers and the food/beverage industries. In particular, those digital technologies that can be used throughout the food value chain are accurate, easy to implement, affordable, and user-friendly. Hence, this Special Issue (SI) is dedicated to novel technology based on sensor technology and machine/deep learning modeling strategies to implement artificial intelligence (AI) into food and beverage production and for consumer assessment. This SI published quality papers from researchers in Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Spain, and Mexico, including food and beverage products, such as grapes and wine, chocolate, honey, whiskey, avocado pulp, and a variety of other food products.
    Keywords: sensory ; physicochemical measurements ; artificial neural networks ; near infra-red spectroscopy ; wine quality ; machine learning modeling ; weather ; consumer acceptance prediction ; data fusion ; emotion recognition ; facial expression recognition ; galvanic skin response ; machine learning ; neural networks ; sensory analysis ; avocado ; cultivars ; preference mapping ; sensory evaluation ; sensory descriptive analysis ; consumer science ; unifloral honeys ; botanical origin ; physicochemical parameters ; classification ; natural language processing ; deep learning ; sensory science ; flavor lexicon ; long short-term memory ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Currently, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and is the most complex and challenging disease known to humankind. Due to the complex underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis, as well as the intrinsic limitations of conventional cancer therapies, the effective treatment of cancer remains a great challenge. Novel therapeutic strategies with superior anticancer ability urgently need to be discovered. In recent years, nano-drug delivery systems have been extensively investigated and applied as alternatives to conventional cancer treatments. Cancer nanomedicines aim to achieve the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumor site, utilizing strategies such as passive targeting, active targeting and stimuli-triggered drug release, while simultaneously decreasing drug accumulation in normal tissues, which together lead to improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects. Currently, several cancer nanomedicines are in regular use, and several others are in various stages of development.This Special Issue will highlight recent progress in the development of novel nanomedicines and targeted drug delivery systems for cancer therapy.
    Keywords: graphene quantum dot ; targeted drug delivery ; photothermal therapy ; chemo-therapy ; polymeric prodrug ; theranostic nanocomplex ; pH-triggering releasing ; magnetic targeting ; magnetic hyperthermia ; magnetic resonance imaging ; docetaxel ; adenosine receptors ; PLGA ; nanoparticles ; lung cancer ; Notch signaling ; RBPJ protein ; drug repurposing ; fidaxomicin ; acarbose ; schaftoside ; breast cancer ; experimental skin cancer ; entrapment efficacy ; ethosomes ; metformin ; in vitro permeation ; zeta potential ; sesamol ; albumin nanoparticles ; doxorubicin ; oxidative stress ; antioxidants ; tumor-derived membrane vesicles ; cancer therapy ; tumor vaccine ; personalized immunotherapy ; low-density lipoprotein ; nanoparticle ; tumor microenvironment-responsive ; magnetic nanofluid ; improved magnetic resonance imaging ; neutral-responsive Fenton reaction ; enhanced chemodynamic therapy ; brain targeting ; folate receptor ; glioma cancer ; erlotinib ; blood–brain barrier ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: In this Special Issue, recent advancements in the field of pediatric tumors are discussed, and novel prognostic markers are critically appraised. Greater understanding of the heterogeneity of pediatric cancers will ultimately lead to new therapeutic strategies with the potential to provide new prospects for precision medicine in pediatric oncology.
    Keywords: undernutrition ; obesity ; nutritional status ; childhood cancer ; overall survival ; event-free survival ; relapse ; treatment-related toxicity ; review ; sarcoma botryoides ; fertility-sparing surgery ; embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma ; genital tract ; prognosis ; treatment ; local debulking ; neoadjuvant chemotherapy ; radiation ; ovarian cancer ; adolescents ; diagnosis ; therapy ; guidelines ; children ; papillary thyroid cancer ; proto-oncogene B-raf gene (BRAF) ; craniopharyngioma ; recurrence ; risk factors ; youth ; acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) ; child ; genetics ; CDKN2A/2B deletions ; fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) ; multiple-ligation probe amplification (MLPA) ; copy-number alterations (CNAs) ; risk stratification ; minimal residual disease (MRD) ; cardiotoxicity ; chemotherapeutics agents ; biomarkers ; omics technology ; medulloblastoma ; tumor ; histologic ; pediatrics ; micro-RNAs ; non-coding RNAs ; molecular subgroup ; stratification ; acute lymphoblastic leukemia ; proteomics ; oncology ; chemotherapy ; cardiac function tests ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Recently, the development of polymeric materials for biomedical applications has advanced significantly. Polymeric materials are favored in the development of therapeutic devices, including temporary implants and three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering and in vitro disease modelling.Further advancements have also occurred in the utilization of polymeric materials for pharmacological applications, such as delivery vehicles for drug release.We would like to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue. Research topics of interest include, but are not limited to, recent advances related to 3D cell culture, biomaterials, tissue engineering, disease modelling, hydrogel, organoids, drug discovery, bioimaging, cardio-renal, metabolic disease, and stem cell biology.
    Keywords: hydrogels ; crosslinking ; degradable ; gamma (γ)-irradiation ; sterilization ; sterility assurance ; antibacterial ability ; jojoba ; Simmondsia ; chemistry ; liquid wax ; biology ; toxicity ; pharmaceutical/industrial uses ; articular cartilage ; mechanical properties ; tribological properties ; antibacterial ; pathogens ; infectious diseases ; silver nanoparticles ; wound care ; wound dressings ; polymers ; gelatin ; nanofibers ; sponges ; Ag/RGO nanocomposites ; green preparation ; anticancer performance ; potential mechanism ; oxidative stress ; hydrogel ; poloxamer 407 polymer ; poloxamer 407 gel ; transungual drug delivery ; onychomycosis ; ungual penetration enhancer ; Terbinafine ; diafiltration ; SAXS ; aromatic interactions ; poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) ; chlorpheniramine ; polyelectrolyte ; aggregation ; coaxial electrospinning ; extracellular matrix ; myelination ; oligodendrocyte ; water-soluble materials ; orthokeratology lens ; protein deposition ; optical characteristics ; rubbing ; chitosan ; kenaf ; nanocrystalline cellulose ; platelet lysate ; wound healing ; carbohydrate polymers blends ; functional food ; antioxidant activity ; co-microencapsulation ; spray drying ; bacteria viability (Bacillus clausii) ; probiotics ; itraconazole ; self-emulsifying nanovesicles ; transungual ; anti-fungal ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Vegetable crops provide valuable minerals and vitamins that are indispensible for human health. Scientists have been working on the genetics of vegetable crops, deciphering the molecular bases of agronomically important traits. These genetic bases and variations in vegetable traits will greatly facilitate vegetable genetic improvement. Therefore, the genes of and genetic research on vegetable crops are of great importance. This Special Issue is a collection of 13 important research papers addressing the genes, genetics, and breeding of major vegetable crops. In the present book, the authors described the genes and QTLs responsible for stress tolerance, disease resistance, vegetable yield, and quality. The 13 research papers cover germplasm enhancement and evaluation, QTL mapping, gene isolation, marker development, and gene expression as well as gene editing in a wide range of vegetable species, including broccoli, pepper, eggplant, onion, and Cucurbita species. Readers from all over the globe are expected to greatly benefit from this Special Issue collection regarding their own work and the goal of improving breeding efficiency with molecular breeding to generate environment-adaptive, high-yield, and high-quality vegetable crops with which to feed the global population of 9.7 billion in an extreme climate by 2050.
    Keywords: pepper ; Capsicum annuum ; Phytophthora capsici ; high-density genetic map ; QTL ; Capcicum annuum L. ; RNA-Seq ; nitrogen-use efficiency ; low-nitrogen tolerance ; CaHSP18.1a ; gene silencing ; transgenic Arabidopsis ; heat stress ; gene expression ; pumpkin ; simple sequence repeat (SSR) ; syntenic relationship ; cross-species markers ; population structure ; eggplant ; heat shock factor (Hsf) ; heat shock protein (Hsp) ; thermotolerance ; C. frutescens ; SSR ; germplasm ; genetic diversity ; CRISPR/Cas ; gene knockout ; genome editing ; germplasm resource ; precision editing ; regulatory framework ; trait improvement ; Brassica oleracea ; broccoli ; candidate gene ; anthocyanin ; allelochemicals ; VOCs properties ; VOCs action ; VOCs detection ; green agriculture ; progress ; genetic researches ; molecular breeding ; transcriptomics ; transcription factor ; heritability ; genetic advance ; multi-trait selection ; principal component analysis ; HRM ; molecular marker ; phylogenetic analysis ; RNA sequencing ; SCAR ; SNP ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This e-book summarises the latest advances in the rheumatic diseases with a focus on the recent efforts of vascular and pulmonary manifestations and anticipate the new and future directions of these research topic. Rheumatic diseases represent a heterogeneous group of severe autoimmune disorders. The present Special Issue aims to provide an overview of the complexity of vascular and pulmonary manifestations of rheumatologic diseases and helps in knowledge to manage them. The eleven published articles here collected underline the complexity of rheumatic diseases and the difficult to treated them. The manuscripts provide an overview of the pathophysiology and current treatment regimes of these disorders, highlighting tools which assist with diagnosis, risk stratification and therapy. Finally, we underline the importance of a multidisciplinary team working using the skills of clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists.
    Keywords: systemic sclerosis ; scleroderma ; interstitial lung disease ; pulmonary function tests ; high-resolution computed tomography ; rheumatic ; pulmonary arterial hypertension ; targeted therapy ; systemic lupus erythematosus ; airway disease ; shrinking lung syndrome ; diffuse alveolar hemorrhage ; pleurisy ; infection ; cardiopulmonary exercise testing ; osteopontin ; connective tissue diseases ; pulmonary involvement ; microvascular involvement ; nailfold capillaroscopy ; rheumatoid arthritis ; interstitial lung diseases ; CX3CL1/fractalkine ; CX3CR1 ; M1 macrophage ; M2 macrophage ; SKG mice ; heart failure ; 3D-echocardiography ; ventricular function ; outcome ; ventricular-arterial coupling ; antifibrotic agents ; COVID-19 ; IPF ; progressive fibrosing ILD ; UIP ; pharmacological interactions ; fibromyalgia ; gastrointestinal symptoms ; probiotic ; VSL#3® ; efficacy ; tolerability ; polymyalgia rheumatica ; vagus nerve stimulation ; inflammatory response ; PMR ; t-vns ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: With the development of analytical instruments, the academic system has become more complicated, producing new journals one after another. Therefore, it became much important to clarify what is original of “Medicines”. As the name Medicines indicates, it includes science and practice of caring for a patient and managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment or palliation of their injury or disease. Therefore, Medicines differs from other journals with similar title in that it covers a wide range of fields, from traditional medicine to rapidly developing molecular-targeted drugs, focusing on their pharmacological effects, structure–activity relationships, metabolic pathways, gene expression, using cultured cells, animals, and clinical trials. Most parts of this Special Issue were written by our editorial board members, who described the research topics and how they are engaged in their field of research. All of these articles are their life-long story. We collected a total number of 22 original works by basic researchers and clinical doctors. We hope that readers can get a chance to know the current status of diverse fields of medicines, and what your most important research themes are after reading these articles.
    Keywords: Hedychium ; traditional medicine ; coronarin D ; villosin ; anti-acetylcholinesterase ; antidiabetic ; anti-inflammatory ; antimicrobial ; antioxidant ; antitumor ; Genista tridentata ; Pterospartum tridentatum ; isoflavones ; flavonols ; genistein ; biochanin A ; rutin ; daidzein ; inflammatory bowel disease ; Crohn’s disease ; ulcerative colitis ; extra-intestinal manifestations ; orofacial granulomatosis ; tag-like lesions ; cobblestoning ; mucogingivitis ; lip swelling ; aphthous stomatitis ; Angelicae Sinensis Radix ; Danggui ; granules ; herb ; multivariate analysis ; ultra-performance liquid chromatography ; Tai Chi ; qigong ; immune system ; immunity ; inflammation ; telemedicine ; remote monitoring ; GER-e-TEC ; elderly patient ; artificial intelligence ; geriatric syndromes ; detection of the precursory signs of decompensation of geriatric syndromes ; renal cell cancer ; genomic landscape ; targeted therapy ; tumor evolution ; tumor heterogeneity ; allergic rhinitis ; quercetin ; human CD4+ T cells ; Th1/Th2 cytokine balance ; modulation ; in vitro ; intravascular catheter ; CRBSI ; biofilm ; CVC ; antifouling ; chromone ; tumor specificity ; QSAR analysis ; apoptosis ; cell cycle analysis ; contrast-enhanced ultrasound ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; LI-RADS ; chronic liver disease ; granuloma annulare ; granulomatous disorders of the skin ; inflammatory skin conditions ; medical dermatology ; biliary tract cancer ; cholangiocarcinoma ; PARP ; BRCA ; olaparib ; rucaparib ; liver cancer ; pancreatic adenocarcinoma ; pancreatic cancer ; sarcoidosis ; superior vena cava syndrome ; venous thrombosis ; RUCAM ; Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method ; diagnostic algorithm ; iDILI ; iDrug induced liver injury ; DILI ; HILI ; herb induced liver injury ; Stachys L. ; traditional uses ; pharmacological activities ; phytochemicals ; bioactive compounds ; Kampo formulae ; alkaline extract of Sasa sp. ; pine cone extract ; povidone-iodine ; HSV ; HIV ; loss of infectivity ; solubilization method ; diaphragmatic breathing ; abdominal breathing ; breathing exercise ; systematic review ; randomized controlled trial ; respiratory function ; auricular acupuncture ; preoperative anxiety ; protocol ; randomized controlled trials ; meta-analysis ; boiogito ; knee osteoarthritis ; rat ; Yokukansan ; fentanyl ; transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel ; phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (pERK) ; whole-cell patch-clamp recording ; herbal medicine ; calcium metabolism ; bone metabolism ; protease ; osteoclast ; macrophage ; RANKL ; LPS ; TLR4 ; TREM2 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: In this reprint, state-of-the-art research and review articles on emerging material systems for additive manufacturing (AM) are collected, with a focus on the process–structure–properties relationships. Additive manufacturing (AM) has grown and evolved rapidly in recent years. There are many exciting research and translational works in many areas of application, such as biomedical, aerospace and electronics. These advancements are typically coupled with materials development, which has resulted in more functionalities added to 3D-printed parts, such as multi-material fabrications and integration with machine learning or digital twins. Such enhancements in functionalities have enabled the evolution of AM from a rapid prototyping tool to an actual manufacturing solution. In this reprint, two reviews and thirteen original research articles are included to highlight the latest development in the field of materials science for AM.
    Keywords: titanium scaffolds ; 3D printing ; pore design ; selective laser melting ; lattice structures ; torsion ; design ; additive manufacturing ; functionally gradient lattice ; torsional stiffness ; energy absorption ; failure behavior ; ferritic steel ; heat treatment ; SLM ; nuclear application ; laser powder bed fusion ; solidification crack ; hot crack ; aluminum alloy powder ; EN AW-5083 ; AA5083 ; AlSi10Mg ; powder bed fusion ; metal matrix composites ; laser powder-bed fusion ; aluminum alloys ; reinforcement ; ceramic particulates ; grain refinement ; crystallographic texture ; mechanical properties ; laser-directed energy deposition ; melt pool ; process maps ; multi-fidelity Gaussian process ; Bayesian Optimization ; uncertainty quantification ; K418 alloy ; orientation ; phase ; microhardness ; color 3D printing ; penetration depth ; chromaticity ; image-based metric ; color reproduction ; Ti-24Nb-4Zr-8Sn ; titanium alloy ; biomedical engineering ; microstructure ; X-ray diffraction ; directed energy deposition ; shape-memory alloys ; joining of metals ; elemental powders ; 3D concrete printing (3DCP) ; hybrids ; geopolymer ; frost resistance ; UV radiation ; thermal conductivity ; surface finishing ; physical vapor deposition ; composites ; recycling ; polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) ; direct ink writing ; liquid deposition modeling ; glass fibers ; stainless steel ; AISI 316L ; AISI 630 (17-4PH) ; AISI 420 ; AISI 440C ; carbon content ; online monitoring ; electron beam melting ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In Western countries, cancer is among the most frequent causes of death. Despite striking advances in cancer therapy, especially by the so called “targeted agents”, there is still an urgent need for new drugs in oncology. Hope comes from the marine environment, which is a rich source of natural compounds showing anti-cancer activity. To date, four marine cytotoxic substances, namely cytarabine, trabectidine, eribulin, and monomethyl auristatin E (as a drug-antibody conjugate named vedotin) have made it into clinical routine. Many more are in all phases of clinical testing, and a plethora of substances has already been examined for in vitro and in vivo activity. Interestingly, more and more precise research tools allow the dissection of the molecular mode of action of these cytotoxic substances, thereby uncovering the specific drug targets in cancer cells. This development will blur the edges between “targeted” and “untargeted” therapy, and will hopefully lead to a more directed use of cancer medicine (based on a molecular rationale of activity) in the future. This Topical Collection will cover the whole scope from agents with cancer-preventive activity, to novel and previously characterized compounds with anti-cancer activity, both in vitro and in vivo, and the latest status of clinical development from drug trials. Of note, compounds possessing pro-carcinogenic activity or mediating cancer cell survival are also within the scope of this Topical Collection. In addition, a special focus will be placed on current shortfalls and possible strategies to overcome obstacles in the area of marine anti-cancer drug development.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; toxicology ; marine toxins ; drug discovery ; marine natural compounds and their derivatives ; xenograft models ; drug combination ; cancer ; drug resistance ; cancer-preventive activity ; molecular effects ; molecular targets ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Personalized medicine for Parkinson’s disease is a growing and emerging concept in light of recent recognition that Parkinson’s is a syndromic condition affecting multiple neurotransmitter systems, as well as brain and extracranial structures. The clinical expression is, thus, heterogeneous, and presentation age can range from the 30s to the 90s, with PD in older patients being associated with significant neuropathological comorbidity as well, involving not just misfolded alpha synuclein deposition but also amyloid and tau. Traditional and largely guideline-driven “one size fits all” management strategies adopted in clinical practice are, therefore, often inadequate in holistic management of a patient, particularly when aspects of motor and nonmotor symptoms are taken into consideration. In this supplement of JPM, we present a selection of papers which address several possible strands of personalized medicine in PD, ranging from genomic precision medicine to digital “checklists” to ensure delivery of holistic personalized medicine involving nonpharmacological strategies, as well. We are soliciting any papers addressing biomarkers, genetics and pharmacogenetics, treatment or complementary therapies for personalized or individualized treatment for PD.
    Keywords: Parkinson’s disease ; movement disorders ; periodontitis ; periodontal disease ; hematologic tests ; Vitamin D ; oral health ; Parkinson’s Disease ; cognition ; GABAergic signaling ; cerebellum ; MRS ; response inhibition ; non-motor symptoms ; carer stress ; older persons with Parkinson’s disease ; education ; lifestyle behaviours ; diet ; cross-sectional ; population study ; neurological disorders ; precision medicine ; genetics ; clinical trials ; Parkinson’s disease (PD) ; cognitive rehabilitation ; intervention ; deep brain stimulation ; levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel ; apomorphine ; radiofrequency ; focused ultrasound ; induced pluripotent stem cells ; cell therapy ; gene therapy ; personalized medicine ; advanced Parkinson’s disease (APD) ; apomorphine subcutaneous infusion therapy ; pain ; intrajejunal ; levodopa ; motor and non-motor symptoms ; PKG (KinetiGrap) ; rehabilitation ; device-aided therapies ; personalised medicine ; Alzheimer’s disease ; clinical trial ; impulsive-compulsive disorders (ICD) ; dopaminergic therapy ; genetic markers ; pharmacogenetic ; polymorphisms ; insomnia ; sleep quality ; assessment ; young onset Parkinson’s (YOPD) ; Emiratis ; expatriate ; genetic ; epigenetics ; societal impact ; device aided therapies ; quality of life ; non motor symptoms ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: In the urological sphere, the number of tumor malignancies caused by cancer is continuously growing in Western countries. Although this is mainly due to the contemporary increase in the life expectancy of people in these geographic areas, many other factors are also contributing to this growth. Urological cancer is a complex and varied disease which affects different organs and mainly affects the male population. In fact, in most statistics, kidney, prostate, and bladder cancer are regularly included in the top-ten list of the most frequent neoplasms in males. The female population, however, has also been increasingly affected by renal and bladder cancer in the last decade. From these facts, it is clear that urological cancer is a problem of major concern in developed societies. This Topic Issue of Cancers intends to shed some light on the complexity of this field and will consider all useful and appropriate contributions from scientists and clinicians in order to improve urological cancer knowledge for patients’ benefit.
    Keywords: high-risk prostate cancer ; androgen receptor axis ; castration resistance ; neuroendocrine carcinoma ; PARP inhibition ; immunotherapy ; cancer genome ; precision targeting ; robot-assisted partial nephrectomy ; renal cell carcinoma ; indocyanine green ; nephron sparing ; prostate cancer survivors ; follow-up care ; primary health care ; general practice ; process evaluation ; Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research ; prostate-specific membrane antigen positron-emission tomography ; multiparametric magnetic-resonance imaging ; primary diagnosis ; prostate cancer ; systematic review ; diagnosis ; PSMA ; PSA ; tumor ; PET scan ; bladder cancer ; bisphenol A ; bisphenol S ; energy metabolism ; migration ; proliferation ; carbon-ion radiotherapy ; elderly patients ; radiotherapy ; particle beam therapy ; life expectancy ; systemic immune-inflammation index ; Charlson comorbidity index ; CAPRA-S ; early survival ; male incontinence ; robotic prostatectomy ; clear cell renal cell carcinoma ; ferroptosis ; prognostic model ; TCGA ; E-MTAB-1980 ; GLS2 ; pazopanib ; real-world data ; non-interventional study ; time on drug ; nivolumab ; everolimus ; trial-eligibility ; ureteral neoplasms ; urinary bladder neoplasms ; ureteroscopy ; CNTF ; CNTFRα ; LNCaP ; 22Rv1 ; castration resistant ; castration sensitive ; STAT3 ; ERK ; MMP ; biomarker ; Gleason grade ; transforming growth factor-β family ; activin ; INHBA ; INHBB ; INHBC ; prostate-specific antigen ; false-positive results ; real world-data ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: This Special Issue provides a collection of recent research and reviews that investigate many areas of welfare assessment, such as novel approaches and technologies used to evaluate the welfare of farmed, captive, or wild animals. Research in this Special Issue includes welfare assessment related to pilot whales, finishing pigs, commercial turkey flocks, and dairy goats; the use of sensors or wearable technologies, such as heart rate monitors to assess sleep in dairy cows, ear tag sensors, and machine learning to assess commercial pig behaviour; non-invasive measures, such as video monitoring of behaviour, computer vision to analyse video footage of red foxes, remote camera traps of free-roaming wild horses, infrared thermography of effort and sport recovery in sport horses; telomere length and regulatory genes as novel biomarkers of stress in broiler chickens; the effect of environment on growth physiology and behaviour of laboratory rare minnows and housing system on anxiety, stress, fear, and immune function of laying hens; and discussions of natural behaviour in farm animal welfare and maintaining health, welfare, and productivity of commercial pig herds.
    Keywords: bioethics ; domestication ; genetic selection ; animal behavior ; animal welfare ; eye caruncle temperature ; Spanish Sport Horse ; performance test ; genetic lines ; heritability ; infrared thermography ; pigs ; welfare ; health ; herd management ; monitoring technologies ; animal husbandry ; welfare assessment ; wellbeing ; goat ; caprine ; dairy ; dairy cows ; heart rate ; sleep ; heart rate variability ; polysomnography ; animal-based welfare indicators ; camera traps ; wild horses ; precision swine farming ; ear tag pig sensor ; behavioral monitoring ; machine intelligence ; technology adoption ; broiler ; corticosterone ; performance ; telomeres ; telomere regulators ; stress biomarkers ; horse ; equine ; lying ; time budget ; locomotion ; geriatric ; orthopedic ; recumbency ; mixed commercial turkey flocks ; on-farm assessment ; YOLOv4 ; computer vision ; animal monitoring ; animal activity ; body posture ; rare minnow ; environmental enrichment ; growth ; physiology ; anxiety-like behavior ; enrichment ; hospitalization requirement ; lameness ; lesions ; tail biting ; attention bias ; conventional cage ; environmental complexity ; feather corticosterone ; IgA ; laying hen ; animal welfare assessment ; behaviour ; human intervention ; marine mammal ; cetacean ; management ; stranding ; wildlife ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAK Genetics (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: Global cancer incidence and death are expected to increase in the next decades. Inappropriate therapeutic regimens and tumor recurrence due to the development of drug resistance are two major clinical challenges impacting poor patient outcomes, which is critical to the discovery and development of new anticancer drugs. Over the last few decades, the marine environment has proved to be a key source of molecules with potent anticancer properties. The Special Issue, “Marine Natural Products as Anticancer Agents 2.0”, gathered eleven publications, including two reviews and nine research articles, about the anticancer activities of marine natural and/or derived products on in vitro 2D and 3D cellular models, and/or in vivo models of colorectal, breast, lung, myeloma, liver, leukemia, and melanoma cancers. Altogether, the eleven scientific papers published in this Special Issue provide an exciting overview of marine natural products as potential anticancer agents.
    Keywords: Clavatadine C ; spirocyclic bromotyrosines ; cytotoxicity ; cancer selectivity ; marine compounds ; melanoma A-375 cell line ; Sarcophyton convolutum ; sarcoconvolutum A–E ; cembrenoids ; anti-angiogenesis ; bromophenols ; tube formation ; vasculogenic mimicry ; brefeldin A ; ester derivative ; chronic myelogenous leukemia ; BCR-ABL ; proliferation inhibition ; molecular modeling ; 5-O-(N-Boc-l-alanine)-renieramycin T ; Xestospongia sp. ; marine sponge ; lung cancer ; anti-cancer ; cancer stem cells ; apoptosis ; Akt ; c-Myc ; migrastatics ; cell migration ; cell invasion ; metastasis ; terpenes ; algae ; marine natural products ; mitochondrial dysfunction ; oxidative stress ; anticancer ; Sphaerococcus coronopifolius ; seaweed ; Laminaria japonica ; Laminaria japonica peptides ; cancer ; liver ; cell cycle ; porphyrin ; Isabela ; hemin ; X-ray diffraction ; NOESY NMR ; cytotoxic ; colorectal cancer ; 5-fluorouracil ; 7S,15R-dihydroxy-16S,17S-epoxy-docosapentaenoic acid ; tumor-associated macrophages ; chemoresistance ; fucoidan ; immunopotentiation ; immunomodulatory ; immunotherapy ; cancer treatment ; cytokines ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are particles wrapped in a lipid bilayer membrane and are naturally released from cells. This kind of cargo vessel is a nanostructure that mainly transfers lipids, proteins, various nucleic acid fragments, and metabolic components to neighboring cells or distant parts of the body through the circulatory system. EVs are of great significance to the communication mechanism between cells. This book collects feature articles to enhance our understanding of the biological characteristics of EVs and their potential applications.
    Keywords: extracellular vesicle ; precision oncology ; cancer biomarker ; prostate cancer ; drug delivery ; extracellular vesicles ; lysosome ; nanocarriers ; ultrasound ; size exclusion chromatography ; differential ultracentrifugation ; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) ; exosomes ; cancer ; biomarker ; diagnostic ; therapy ; liquid biopsy ; small extracellular vesicles (sEV) ; tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) ; melanoma cell-derived exosomes (MTEX) ; proteomics ; tumor microenvironment ; biomarkers ; ectosomes ; neoplasia ; microvesicles ; small extracellular vesicles ; isolation ; purification ; size-exclusion chromatography ; ultracentrifugation ; sucrose density cushion ; lymph node ; spleen ; solid tissue ; microvesicle ; exosome ; cancer therapeutic ; drug carrier ; flow cytometry ; immunophenotyping ; swarm detection ; tumor-associated macrophages ; macrophage polarization ; mannose receptor ; HIV-1 Nef ; glioblastoma ; microRNA ; immunoprecipitation ; CD44 ; human milk ; nutrient ; microbiota ; microRNAs ; nanocommunicator ; diagnostic biomarker ; drug delivery vehicle ; personalized cancer immunotherapy ; therapeutic agents ; cell-to-cell communication ; ionising radiation ; non-targeted effects ; signalling ; imaging flow cytometry ; biomarker reservoirs ; cancer diagnostics ; disease monitoring ; large EVs ; ovarian cancer cells ; ES-2 ; OAW-42 ; adipose tissue origin mesenchymal stem cells ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: This reprint is related to the latest research in the field of thyroid surgery, including molecular and imaging diagnosis, surgical treatment, and the treatment of recurrent disease and advanced thyroid carcinoma.
    Keywords: thyroid carcinoma ; prophylactic central lymph node dissection ; lymph node metastases ; RET ; medullary thyroid carcinoma ; clinical management ; variants of uncertain significance ; differentiated thyroid cancer ; papillary thyroid cancer ; minimal extrathyroidal extension ; radioactive iodine therapy ; prognosis ; TNM ; histology ; multifocality ; lymph node metastasis ; vascular invasion ; autoimmune thyroid diseases ; radioiodine refractory ; Lenvatinib ; 18F-FDG-PET/CT ; cost-benefit analysis ; economics ; medical ; thyroid neoplasms ; radiomics ; ultrasound ; magnetic resonance imaging ; computer tomography ; prediction ; classification ; angiogenic microenvironment ; prognostic factors ; antiangiogenic therapy ; therapeutic target ; tumor microenvironment ; tumor behavior ; proliferation pathways ; cell cycle control pathways ; angiogenesis process ; thyroid cancer ; Gal-3 expression ; NIFTP ; EFVPTC ; lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT) ; immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis ; molecular imaging ; theranostics ; companion diagnostics ; immunoPET ; anaplastic thyroid cancer ; poorly thyroid cancer ; genetic landscape ; genetically guided therapy ; fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (18F-FDG) ; positron emission tomography (PET) ; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ; recurrence ; neoplasm metastasis ; thyroid surgery ; hypoparathyroidism ; fluorescence-guided surgery ; near-infrared autofluorescence ; PRKAR1A ; PKA ; Carney complex ; cAMP ; bone metastasis ; metastasectomy ; stereotactic radiosurgery ; ultrasound imaging ; thyroid nodule ; fine-needle aspiration ; papillary thyroid carcinoma ; lobectomy ; operative extent ; CONUT score ; tyrosine kinase inhibitors ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Thanks to their rich chemodiversity, marine natural products represent a unique source of new bioactive metabolites. As the new leading compounds in drug discovery and development, these molecules may represent challenges for the treatment of a number of human diseases, attracting the attention of many researchers during their chemical and biological studies. This Special Issue covers all fields of drugs research in which marine natural products are involved, including their isolation and characterization, biological activities, and medicinal applications as well as synthetic approaches and their related analogues. The cover picture shows “The Nudibranch mollusk Godiva quadricolor on a sponge, reflected under the surface during the low tide. Fusaro Lagoon, Bacoli (Naples)”.
    Keywords: alginate ; Sargassum duplicatum ; okra ; antioxidant ; diabetic ; wound healing ; sulfavant ; sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols ; sulfoglycolipids ; mass spectrometry ; UHPLC-MS ; lipids ; cancer therapy ; gold nanoparticles ; marine products ; natural products ; photosensitizer ; purpurin 18 ; reactive oxygen species ; seaweed ; biosilica ; diatom frustule ; sustainable production ; drug delivery ; Sargassum ilicifolium ; mangosteen rind ; diabetic mice ; Aquimarina sp. ; diketopiperazine ; N-phenethylacetamide ; epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) ; A549 cells ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a severe chronic health condition that is often misunderstood or ignored by health establishments. The lack of definitive diagnostic markers to separate ME/CFS patients from the healthy population as well as from other chronic disorders is problematic for both health professionals and researchers. A consortium of Australian researchers gathered to systematically understand ME/CFS, ranging from a deep analysis of clinical and pathology data to metabolomic profiles and the investigation of mitochondrial function. From this broad collaboration, a number of compelling insights have arisen that may form the basis of specific serum, blood, and/or urinary biomarkers of ME/CFS. This Special Edition reports on a conference centred on these biomedical discoveries, with other contributions, with a translation focus for predictive markers for ME/CFS diagnosis. By supporting health professionals with developments in diagnostics for this condition, the patients and their families will hopefully benefit from an improved recognition of the biomedical underpinnings of the condition and will be better able to access the care that is urgently required. This Special Edition contains a mix of speaker submissions and other accepted manuscripts that contributed to our objective of advancing biomedical insights to enable the accurate diagnosis of ME/CFS.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RM1-950 ; fatigue syndrome ; n/a ; work rehabilitation ; tryptophan metabolism ; substrate inhibition ; myalgic encephalomyelitis ; 3-dioxygenase ; ME (Myalgic Encephalomyelitis) ; assessment ; myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) ; muscles ; hypoacetylation ; circadian rhythm ; immune system ; chronic ; CFS (Chronic Fatigue Syndrome) ; energy metabolism ; ME/CFS ; immunological ; cytokine ; bistability ; diagnosis ; biomarker ; symptoms ; kynurenine pathway ; inflammation and immunity ; metabolism ; neuro-inflammation ; pathology ; signaling ; exercise ; Epstein Barr virus ; methylhistidine ; hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis ; potential biomarkers ; critical point ; inflammation ; histone deacetylation ; participatory research ; neurology ; neuroimmune ; activin ; mitochondria ; patient-driven questionnaire ; medical retirement ; machine learning ; prognosis ; gut microbiota ; post-exertional malaise ; chronic fatigue syndrome ; mathematical model ; reference intervals ; diagnostic biomarker ; indoleamine-2 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 36
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint includes papers from different research fields, reflecting the sectional talks presented at the 9th edition of the Scientific Conference of the Doctoral Schools from the “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, which took place in June 2021. The objective of the 2021 Conference was to bring together perspectives and challenges in doctoral research in a common forum and to provide a platform enabling doctoral researchers to meet and share state-of-the-art developments in their fields. It consists of 16 papers presented at the 9th edition of the Scientific Conference of the Doctoral Schools from the “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, in several fields such as: mechanical and industrial engineering, food science and biotechnology, electrical/electronic engineering, systems engineering and information technologies, chemistry, electrochemistry, and economic models and strategies.
    Keywords: incremental pumps ; profiling of generating tools ; helical surfaces ; Romania ; coastal area ; wind energy ; measurements ; IEC classes ; wind turbines ; mass tourism ; management model ; Constanta ; PESTEL ; Black Sea ; sustainability ; eggplant peels ; bioactive compounds ; hydrogels ; anthocyanins ; beetroot peel ; betalains ; polyphenols ; CCD-RSM ; optimal control ; metaheuristic algorithms ; evolutionary algorithms ; simulation ; ventilation on ships ; HVAC requirements ; COVID-19 ; spread the disease ; airborne transmission ; HEPA filtration ; UV disinfection ; heat recovery ; L-tryptophan ; polypyrrole ; sensor ; amino acid ; cyclic voltammetry ; chronoamperometry ; atorvastatin ; carbon nanotubes ; gold nanoparticles ; Hippophae rhamnoides L. ; carotenoids ; flavonoids ; antioxidant activity ; microencapsulation ; modulation ; electromagnetic disturbances ; electromagnetic compatibility ; military ship ; communication systems ; navigation conditions ; Danube River ; management tool ; quality function deployment ; house of quality ; enwrapping surfaces ; profiling ; geometrical methods ; tower ; wind turbine ; load ; offshore wind ; marine renewable energy ; living labs ; design thinking ; coastal zone ; integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) ; Romanian coastal zone ; Black Sea basin ; wind parameters ; historical data ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: This reprint emphasizes the perspectives and challenges surrounding COVID-19 and obesity-related cancers, including but not limited to the risk factors of severe COVID-19 in cancer patients; the complications of COVID-19 in cancer patients; the challenges in cancer treatment and surgery; guidelines for cancer care during COVID-19; delayed diagnosis and suboptimal cancer management; the impact of COVID-19 on cancer screening, early diagnosis and cancer presentation; immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in cancer patients; psychological distress among cancer survivors; telehealth in cancer care; the role of diet and nutraceuticals in the prevention of severe COVID-19 and cancer; and the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on cancer research.
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; neutropenia ; G-CSF treatment ; respiratory failure ; colorectal neoplasms ; gastrointestinal neoplasms ; immune checkpoint inhibitors ; neoplasms ; oncogenic viruses ; oncolytic virotherapy ; post-acute COVID-19 syndrome ; reactive oxygen species ; tumor escape ; SARS-CoV-2 ; thyroid cancer ; differentiated thyroid cancer ; COVID-19 severity ; inflammation ; immunity ; oxidative stress ; obesity ; SARS-Cov-2 ; oncology ; cancer screening ; clinical trials ; melanoma ; management ; pandemic ; teledermatology ; diagnostic delay ; immunotherapy ; vaccination ; lymph adenopathy ; cancer ; nutraceuticals ; supplements ; colorectal ; meta-analysis ; gynecologic oncology ; malignancy ; blood cancer ; hematologic malignancy ; leukemia ; lymphoma ; multiple myeloma ; myelodysplasia ; breast cancer ; cancer care ; screening ; surgery ; psychological distress ; cancer therapies ; immunogenicity ; safety ; vaccine hesitancy ; tumor subtype ; mortality ; intensive care unit ; medico-administrative data ; France ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint includes 16 original articles published in a Special Issue that focuses on the pathological significance of amyloid-β in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, the main cause of dementia. Collections in this reprint provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic potentials of repositioning drugs and new agents for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of innovative strategies for the prevention and treatment of such diseases.
    Keywords: activation phenotypes ; microglia ; neuroinflammation ; immunohistochemistry ; temporal cortex ; Alzheimer’s disease ; amyloid ; amyloid β-protein (Aβ) ; mAb158 ; oligomers ; protofibrils ; amyloid aggregation ; supported lipid bilayers ; time-lapse AFM ; molecular dynamics simulation ; alzheimer’s disease ; amyloid β ; bryostatin-1 ; ECE1 ; iPS ; nELAV ; neurotoxicity ; oligomer ; protein kinase C ; α-secretase ; APP mutation ; recessive inheritance ; familial Alzheimer’s disease ; Aβ oligomers ; amyloid imaging ; microbiota ; bacterial amyloid ; FUBA ; curli ; CsgA ; amyloid beta ; oxidative stress ; supplement ; phosphodiesterase III inhibitor ; cerebral micro-hemorrhage(s) ; cerebral amyloid angiopathy ; amyloid-β protein ; transgenic mice ; NMR ; CD ; Aβ ; β-amyloid peptide ; α/β-discordant ; Dutch-type mutation ; E22Q ; FAD ; Amyloid β ; Polyphenol ; Pro-oxidant ; Alzheimer’s Disease ; molecular imaging ; amyloid β-peptides ; islet amyloid polypeptide ; high-speed atomic force microscopy ; amyloid PET ; tau PET ; amyloid precursor protein ; mutation ; cerebellum ; PBB3 ; PiB ; axon ; traditional medicines ; Polygalae Radix ; diosgenin ; naringenin ; kihito ; amyloid-β ; antimicrobial ; antiviral ; antimicrobial peptide ; neurodegenerative disease ; misfolding ; fluorescence microscopy ; FRET ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This Special Issue, “Plant Oxidative Stress: Biology, Physiology, and Mitigation”, published 11 original research works and 1 review article that discussed the various aspects of ROS Biology, metabolism, and the physiological mechanisms and approaches to mitigating oxidative stress. These types of research studies show further directions for the development of crop plants that are tolerant to abiotic stress in the era of climate change.
    Keywords: heat stress ; grafting ; cucumber ; bitter-melon rootstock ; polyamines ; photosynthesis ; salicylic acid ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; excess boron ; lipid peroxidation ; enzymatic antioxidant ; glutathione ; proline ; stomatal conductance ; arsenic stress ; soybean ; growth ; antioxidant enzymes ; ascorbate–glutathione cycle ; glyoxalase system ; altitudinal variation ; antioxidant activity ; bioactive compounds ; endemic species ; oxidative damage ; sequential application of antioxidants ; salinity ; Cucumis sativus ; photosynthetic efficiency ; antioxidant defense systems ; antioxidants ; cadmium ; oxidative stress ; peptone ; spinach ; alpha-tocopherol ; foliar spray ; okra varieties ; salt ; drought ; plants ; ROS ; genomics ; approaches ; integration ; abiotic stress ; antioxidant defense ; phytohormones ; pulse crop ; water deficit ; AsA-GSH pathway ; methylglyoxal ; micronutrient ; osmoregulation ; reactive oxygen species ; trace elements ; Olea europaea L. ; selenium biofortification ; olive pollen ; cytosolic Ca2+ ; Cucurbita pepo (L.) ; mineral uptake ; nucleic acids ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany & plant sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This Book, entiled “Allergic Rhinosinusitis and Airway Diseases”, presents the concept of united airway disease interaction, which comprises chronic rhinosinusitis and other lower airway disorders such as asthma. This concept furthers a deeper comprehension on the pathophysiology and management of upper and lower airway diseases. In this Book, the published papers cover different interesting topics such as healthcare equality, advanced biomarkers, accurate diagnosis and treatment, occupational exposure-induced upper airway allergy and neoplastic disease mimicking chronic rhinosinusitis.
    Keywords: chronic rhinosinusitis ; B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder ; sinus ; nasal allergies ; tannery worker ; Kanpur ; asthma ; ovalbumin ; saffron ; salbutamol ; IL’s ; TNF-α ; allergic rhinitis ; bronchial asthma ; allergy ; Th17 cells ; IL-17 ; IL-33 ; microRNA ; miR ; airway mucosal inflammation ; united airway disease ; acute rhinosinusitis ; acute recurrent rhinosinusitis ; Mediterranean diet ; nutritional evaluation ; nutritional therapy ; olfactory dysfunction ; anosmia ; post-acute COVID-19 ; nitric oxide ; NO ; exhaled NO ; FENO ; nasal peak flow ; atopic status ; total IgE ; specific IgE ; childhood asthma ; immunoblot ; ImmunoCAP ; otolaryngology ; sinusitis ; ethnic groups ; patient-reported outcome measures ; quality of life ; social justice ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) is an advanced quantitative approach focusing on individualized treatment optimization. MIPD integrates mathematical models of drugs and diseases combined with individual patient characteristics (e.g., genotype, anthropometric factors, and organ function). MIPD has been highlighted as a useful tool for drug dosage selection in both the drug development process and clinical practice and it is a rapidly growing discipline that is supported by the main drug regulatory agencies. Despite the potential benefits of this methodology toward personalized medicine, its application is still limited. The Special Issue presented here includes several PKPD and PBPK models focused on improving the current state of art regarding the PK behaviour of different drugs with the aim of improving the efficacy/safety balance of these treatments and their clinical outcome; the Special Issue is intended to be of particular interest for clinical pharmacologists, pharmacometricians, and specific clinicians who routinely use the considered drugs.
    Keywords: model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) ; efficacy PKPD indexes ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacodynamics ; PKPD modeling and simulation ; dosing algorithms ; nomograms ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Ionizing radiation (IR) exposure can be deleterious for living tissues and eventually lead to illness or even death. DNA breakdown and the overproduction of highly reactive free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are considered initiators of IR-induced molecular and cellular damages, whereas NO, TGF-β and other pro-inflammatory cytokines are the primary effectors involved in radiation bystander effects (RIBE). Radiomodulators can reduce (radioprotectors and radiomitigators) or increase (radiosensitizers) IR damage. Past world events have highlighted the urgent need to develop predictive biomarkers of the IR absorbed dose and radiation countermeasures to reduce IR damage. Despite the strong economic and scientific efforts over the last decades, at present, drugs for effective protection against lethal IRs remain an unmet need. Moreover, the development of radiosensitizers that selectively increase IR damage in cancer cells but protecting, or at least do not affect, healthy tissues is also of unquestionable importance to improving patient survival and quality of life. It includes contributions that will help to understand the mechanisms involved in radiation-derived cellular responses and damage, the importance of free radical scavengers and antioxidant cellular defenses in preventing harm, and the relevance of the antiinflammatory response to improve recovery. In accordance, the mechanism of action and effectiveness of relevant radiomodulators are described and discussed, and novel clinical models and IR biomarker technologies are presented.
    Keywords: ferulic acid ; total body irradiation ; bone marrow microenvironment ; stem cell senescence ; bone marrow injury ; reactive oxygen species ; antioxidant defense system ; planarians ; model animal ; irradiation ; regeneration ; radioprotection ; radiation ; melatonin ; nDNA-repair ; mtDNA-mutations ; oxidation stress ; protection ; mitigation ; H2O2 ; ATP ; MDA ; GSH ; X-ray radiation ; 3T3 fibroblasts ; proliferation ; apoptosis ; cellular stress ; senescence ; peroxiredoxin 6 ; Prdx6 ; radioprotector ; pharmacologic ascorbate ; vitamin C ; pancreatic cancer ; Auranofin ; thioredoxin ; thioredoxin reductase ; peroxiredoxin ; nuclear and radiological emergencies ; radioprotectors ; radiomitigators ; radionuclide scavengers ; radiation biodosimetry ; Olea europaea L. cv. Caiazzana ; oleacein ; ionising radiation ; cancer ; radiotherapy ; normal tissue ; radiosensitization ; radiomodulation ; proteomic analysis ; oxidative modification profiling ; serum albumin ; amino acid sequences ; radiation biomarker ; human lactoferrin ; acute gamma irradiation ; C57Bl/6 mice ; survival rate ; open field test ; spleen ; serum homeostasis ; leukocytes ; stilbenoid ; electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) ; FT-IR ; electron beam radiation ; radioresistance ; oxidative phosphorylation ; oncometabolites ; radiation response ; bioinformatics ; oxidative stress ; transcriptomics ; radiobiology database ; gene signature ; ionizing radiation ; intestine ; mucositis ; microbiome ; microbiota ; dysbiosis ; bacterial dietary supplement ; radiomitigator ; hyperthermia ; combination therapy ; synergistic effect ; oxygenation ; hypoxia ; immune response ; Tameron ; antioxidant ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: This reprint describes recent advances made in the field of antifungal development, especially the discovery of new drugs and drug repurposing. The articles presented in this book provide useful information and insight for the development of new antifungal drugs or intervention strategies. The identification of new, safe molecules, and cellular targets, as well as the elucidation of their antifungal mechanisms of action, will further the effective control of fungal pathogens, especially those resistant to current therapeutic agents.
    Keywords: nanoparticles ; fungi ; drug delivery systems ; marine ; biological synthesis ; myconanotechnology ; canesten ; clotrimazole ; vulvovaginal ; vaginitis ; mycosis ; candidosis ; yeast infection ; candida ; candida albicans ; vaginal health ; anticandidal activity ; indazole ; pyrazole ; 3-phenyl-1H-indazole ; drug design ; acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) ; capsule ; CAP64 ; Cryptococcus ; membrane potential (ΔΨM) ; photodynamic treatment ; photosensitiser ; ultrastructure ; drug repurposing ; antifungals ; repositioning ; yeasts ; emerging fungi ; multidrug resistance ; therapeutic alternatives ; new targets ; Candida auris ; Aspergillus spp. ; antifungal ; beta-glucan ; polycations ; Galleria mellonella model ; retinoids ; Candida spp. ; onychomycosis ; Malassezia spp. ; dermatophytes ; microbiology ; mycology ; all-trans retinoic acid ; Acanthamoeba ; free-living ameba ; Acanthamoeba keratitis ; isavuconazonium sulfate ; cyst ; drug ; drug discovery ; drug targets ; invasive aspergillosis treatment ; invasive fungal infections ; fission yeast ; cell wall ; β(1,3)-D-glucan synthase ; antifungal drugs ; echinocandin drugs ; echinocandin resistance ; Fks resistance hot spots ; cytokinesis ; septation ; cell separation ; cell integrity ; cell lysis ; sporotrichosis ; Felis catus ; quinones ; hydrazones ; zoonoses ; host-directed drug therapy ; azoles ; polyenes ; echinocandins ; viral infections ; azole ; synergy ; resistance ; Candida ; natural products ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This Special Issue on “Blood-Derived Products for Tissue Repair and Regeneration” reveals the evolution and diversity of platelet rich plasma (PRP) technologies, which includes experimental research on novel formulations, the creation of combination therapies, and the exploration of potential modifiers of PRPs, as well as efficacy of PRP therapies in clinical veterinary and human applications. Scientist and clinicians are now starting to develop different treatments based on their reinterpretation of the traditional roles of platelets and plasma, and the current Issue has provided a forum for sharing research and ways of understanding the associated medicinal benefits from different points of view. The research interest in this area has covered different medical disciplines, such as ophthalmology, dentistry, orthopedics, and sports medicine.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RM1-950 ; n/a ; biomaterial ; redifferentiation ; regenerative medicine ; skeletal muscle regeneration ; furcation defects ; Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) ; PRP ; fracture ; fibrin sealant ; periodontal surgery ; bone regeneration ; serum derived from plasma rich in growth factors (s-PRGF) ; cartilage repair ; myofibroblasts ; autologous platelet concentrates ; burns ; satellite cells ; articular cartilage ; stem cell niche ; wound healing ; quantification ; growth factors ; biologics ; platelet rich plasma ; meniscus ; adipose tissue ; Carprofen ; platelet-rich fibrin ; platelets ; hyperacute serum ; bone defects ; serum eye drops ; corneal epithelial defect ; fibrosis ; dog ; myoblasts ; differentiation ; chronic meniscal lesion ; horizontal meniscal tear ; PRGF ; collagen hydrogels ; periodontal defects ; bone grafting material ; composition ; cell therapy ; bone healing ; tissue healing ; trephination ; plasma rich plasma (PRP) ; bone repair ; plasma rich in growth factors ; knee arthrosis ; meniscus tear ; cornea regeneration ; wrist osteoarthritis ; periosteal sheet ; Platelet-Poor Plasma (PPP) ; platelet-rich plasma ; microfat ; bone grafting ; hyaluronic acid (NaHA) ; periodontal regeneration ; meniscus repair ; photobiomodulation therapy ; growth ; myogenesis ; blood derived products ; low-level laser therapy ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: The worldwide emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, specially those resistant to last-resource antibiotics, is now a common problem being defined as one of three priorities for the safeguarding of One Health by the Tripartite Alliance, which includes the World Health Organization (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Office International des Epizooties (OIE). Bacteria resistance profiles, together with the expression of specific virulence markers, have a major influence on the outcomes of infectious diseases. These bacterial traits are interconnected, since not only the presence of antibiotics may influence bacterial virulence gene expression and consequently infection pathogenesis, but some virulence factors may also contribute to an increased bacterial resistance ability, as observed in biofilm-producing strains. The surveillance of important resistant and virulent clones and associated mobile genetic elements is essential for decision making in terms of mitigation measures to be applied for the prevention of such infections in both human and veterinary medicine. However, the role of natural environments as important components of the dissemination cycle of these strains has not been consider until recently. This Special Issue aims to publish manuscripts that contribute to the understanding of the impact of bacterial antimicrobial resistance and virulence in the three areas of the One Health triad–i.e., animal, human and environmental health.
    Keywords: MRSA ; EMRSA-15 ; MLSB ; bacteremia ; bloodstream infections ; antibiotic resistance ; aquatic contamination ; probabilistic sampling ; San Francisco Estuary ; coast ; Pseudomonas ; Shewanella algae ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus ; biocide ; Listeria monocytogenes ; biofilm ; planktonic culture ; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ; Escherichia coli ; fosfomycin ; nitrofurantoin ; antimicrobial resistance ; antibiotic susceptibility ; WGS ; phylogenetic analysis ; DNA mismatch repair system ; Salmonella Choleraesuis ; Iberian pig ; wild boar ; phylogenetic relationship ; plasmid replicon typing ; colistin ; carcass ; cfr gene ; fexA gene ; linezolid ; mutation ; pig ; public health ; S. aureus ; avian colibacillosis ; salmonellosis ; MDR ; tetA ; nisin ; mutant prevention concentration ; mutant selection window ; antimicrobial susceptibility testing ; horizontal gene transfer ; Salmonella ; reptiles ; isolation ; biofilms ; chlorhexidine gluconate ; wounds ; Gram-negative bacteria ; colonization ; infection ; clonal lineages ; resistance genes ; virulence factors ; Staphylococcus aureus ; skin and soft-tissue infections ; plasmids ; Panton–Valentine leucocidin ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Chronic intestinal diseases are increasing around the world. With poor quality of life and expensive healthcare costs, the patients demand novel approaches and treatments for better clinical outcomes. This book illustrates the state of the art and the envisaged near future in the management of these pathologies.
    Keywords: chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction ; parenteral nutrition ; pediatrics ; myopathy ; neuropathy ; IBS ; microbiota ; visceral hypersensitivity ; colorectal motility ; inflammatory bowel disease ; Crohn’s disease ; ulcerative colitis ; anti-TNF ; ustekinumab ; vedolizumab ; postoperative complications ; surgery ; preoperative therapy ; biologic therapy ; bio-naïve ; IBD ; pro-inflammatory cytokines ; lymphocyte migration ; treatment ; inflammatory bowel diseases ; biologic treatment ; combination ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 47
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint contains articles published in the Special Issue entitled "Assessing Atmospheric Pollution and Its Impacts on the Human Health" in the journal Atmosphere. The research focuses on the evaluation of atmospheric pollution by statistical methods on the one hand, and on the other hand, on the evaluation of the relationship between the level of pollution and the extent of its effect on the population's health, especially on pulmonary diseases.
    Keywords: household air pollution ; fine particulate matter ; international environmental health ; cookstove ; respiratory disease ; brick worker ; particulate matter ; heavy metals ; Sulfate-Nitrate-Ammonium ; pollution levels ; mobile sources ; aerosols ; PAHs ; OC and EC ; transport sources ; urbanized coastal station ; grain dust ; health risk assessment ; Monte Carlo simulation ; disability adjusted life year ; multi-media exposure ; health risk ; probabilistic risk assessment ; Lake Chaohu ; PM10 ; health risks ; extreme learning machine ; echo state network ; neural networks ; pollution ; concentration ; indicators ; aberrant values ; nitrogen oxides ; ARIMA ; GRNN ; ARIMA–GRNN ; isolation forest ; LOF ; AOD ; classification ; dendrogram ; PCA ; air quality index ; polluting agents ; respiratory diseases ; monitoring stations ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology::MMGT Medical toxicology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The plant kingdom, with its terrestrial and marine natural products, has been widely explored. Plant-based products have long been used to prevent and treat various ailments. Many natural compounds have been reported to have a variety of interesting and significant biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic, analgesic, antidiabetic, anti-atherogenic, and antiproliferative, as well as cardioprotective and neuroprotective properties. Therefore, researchers pay special attention to the bioactive compounds synthesized by plants. Opportunities in functional ingredients and treatment of NCDs (oxidative stress, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, etc.) are widely explored. However, many therapeutic properties of plants are still to be discovered. This Special Issue reprint intends to substantially contribute to our knowledge of their beneficial properties. Natural products could be a vast resource in respect of human well-being improvement. This Special Issue reprint also aims to disseminate some of the most recent and significant contributions in natural product research on phytochemicals and biological activity.
    Keywords: Sempervivum tectorum L. ; mineral content ; bioavailable fraction ; heavy metals ; open-field plants ; tissue culture plants ; in vitro callus culture ; Rubus subg. Rubus Watson ; Vaccinium corymbosum L. ; phenolics ; radical scavenging activities ; ferric reducing power ; waste peel ; essential oil ; GC-MS ; volatile compounds ; antimicrobial activity ; chemical composition ; antioxidant activity ; fluorescence ; total phenolic content ; Aspergillus flavus ; maize ; peel extracts ; AFB1 ; qRT-PCR ; Opuntia spp. ; phytochemicals ; biological activities ; antioxidant capacity ; chemopreventive effect ; integrated pest management ; Oriental fruit fly ; pomology ; post-harvest disease control ; Sambucus nigra L. ; medicinal plants ; flavonoids ; phenols ; carbohydrates ; amino acids ; Flos Abelmoschus manihot ; medicinal part ; non-medicinal parts ; UFLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS ; metabolite profiling ; multivariate statistical analysis ; juniper ; natural products ; tree ; leaves ; disease ; bioactive compounds ; microbial resistance ; turmeric ; Curcuma aromatica ; Curcuma caesia ; Curcuma longa ; Curcuma zanthorrhiza ; enantiomeric distribution ; chiral ; cultivars ; foliar sprays ; Humulus lupulus ; liming ; phenolic compounds ; plant vigour ; polyphenols ; antimicrobial activity enhancement ; ascorbic acid ; Maillard reaction products ; laccase–mediator system ; horseradish peroxidase–H2O2 system ; tomato pomace ; by-product utilization ; finger millet ; gluten-free ; potato flour ; convenience food ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This Special Issue is aimed to offer an overview of studies presenting new rehabilitation approaches addressed to children with neurodevelopmental disorders, designed to enhance the effects of learning processes through the use of new technologies. The contributions of this Special Issue, authored by researchers and clinicians from some of the most valued Italian scientific institutions in the field of neurodevelopmental disorders, can offer some useful data and advice on the use of technology in rehabilitation and telerehabilitation to researchers, rehabilitators, clinicians and pratictioners (psychologists, neuropsychologists, speech therapists, etc.).
    Keywords: neurorehabilitation ; cognitive enhancement in children ; tech mediated rehabilitation ; developmental coordination disorders ; virtual reality ; telerehabilitation ; specific learning disorders ; cerebral palsy ; well-being ; dyslexia ; rhythm ; music therapy ; intervention ; developmental dyslexia ; new technologies ; augmented reality ; good practices ; Delphi method ; rehabilitation ; remote intervention ; children ; age ; severity ; improvement ; follow-up ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 50
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: There has been a rapid development in the academic literature over the last ten years on papers relating to individualization, personalization, patient-, client-, consumer- and person-centredness, with work on conceptual, instrumental, observational, and experimental levels. This Special Issue presents papers that can further establish the current state of science on these topics relating to personalized nursing and health care. We collected papers that highlight and further the knowledge base conceptually, instrumentally, observationally, and experimentally with sound theoretical and methodological underpinnings and implications for research, theory, and clinical work in the disciplines of nursing, medicine, allied health, and beyond.
    Keywords: anxiety ; life satisfaction ; life–work concerns ; melatonin ; cortisol ; biopsychosocial model ; obstetric complications ; patients’ rights ; student ; nursing ; personalized medicine ; HIV ; mobile health ; smartphone application ; symptom management ; nurse practitioners ; nursing home ; COVID-19 ; palliative care ; end-of-life ; dignified death ; older adults ; accidental falls ; fall prevention ; barriers ; patient compliance ; music therapy ; dementia ; caregiver ; RCT ; patient-centred care ; competence ; assessment ; instrument ; measurement ; validity ; reliability ; individual care ; nurses ; older diabetes patients ; physicians ; support ; Parkinson’s disease ; nursing training ; integrated care ; Parkinson nurse ; personalized care ; multidisciplinary care ; patient-centered ; arthritis ; autoimmune disease ; sociopsychological factors ; emotion ; depression ; self-identity ; qualitative study ; observational study ; dysmenorrhea ; kinesio tape ; auricular acupressure ; pain ; nursing care ; patient care planning ; quality of health care ; conditional inference trees ; education ; distance ; learning ; digital ; drawings ; Nigeria ; perinatal loss ; social networks ; stillbirth ; stillborn ; functional status ; health care ; hospitalization ; activities of daily living ; pelvic floor muscle exercises ; pelvic floor dysfunction ; qualitative research ; therapeutic exercise ; therapeutic adherence ; women’s health physiotherapy ; diabetes mellitus type 2 ; prediction model ; LogicRegression ; interpretability ; pelvic organ prolapse ; lifestyle changes ; women’s experience ; n/a ; foot ; foot self-care ; methodological review ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint compiles several studies on radiation interactions with biomolecules. The fragmentation induced by slow electron and electron scattering processes are described, and the induced processes by UV radiation are characterised. The present Special Issue offers complementary studies on radiation induced by photons and electrons in biological (and related) target molecules. The present collection provides important insights on radiation physics and chemistry and the advances in knowledge in these areas.
    Keywords: methane ; cross-section ; elastic scattering ; electrons ; CRISPR/Cas9 ; DNA cleavage ; ECD ; spectroscopy ; guide RNA ; RNP complex ; SpCas9 ; radiosensitizer ; low-energy electron ; dissociative electron attachment ; roaming ; tirapazamine ; predissociation ; electron scattering cross sections ; benzene ionization ; VUV photoabsorption ; halopyrimidines ; valence and Rydberg states ; time-dependent density functional theory ; radiosensitizers ; taurine ; elastic constant ; Brillouin scattering ; acoustic mode ; negative ions ; oxaloacetic acid ; citric acid ; mass spectrometry ; anticancer drugs ; cisplatin ; platinum (II) halo-carbonyl complexes ; low-energy electrons ; dissociative ionization ; focused electron beam induced deposition ; sevoflurane ; pheomelanin ; nitrotyrosine ; dityrosine ; photooxidation ; photosensitizer ; IR radiation ; horseradish peroxidase ; catalase ; alkaline phosphatase ; antioxidant ; vapor ; coherent domain ; anion–molecule collisions ; electron detachment cross sections ; positive ion-induced fragmentation ; molecular dynamics ; radiotherapy ; X-ray ; modified nucleosides ; DNA damage ; hypoxia ; chemoradiation ; low-energy electron interaction ; perfluorination ; HF formation ; pentafluorothiophenol ; 2-fluorothiophenol ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: Dry pasta is one of the most popular staple foods worldwide due to its convenience in terms of affordability, versatility, long shelf life, as well as sensory and nutritional value. As such, it represents a suitable carrier for health-promoting substances providing specific physiological functions. This Special Issue deals with the continuum aspects, “from seed to fork”, that could have an impact on the nutritional, sensory, and technological aspects of pasta. In this Special Issue, we aimed to publish innovative research and review papers on physico-chemical and sensorial characteristics, nutritional value, functional and technological properties of pasta, and pasta-making processes. New raw materials, new functional ingredients, up-cycling of waste materials, in vivo experiments to test the effect of assumption of the supplemented pasta, and innovative packaging systems will also be addressed in this Special Issue. Predictions of pasta quality adopting chemometrics as well as multi-variate and statistical data analysis approaches were welcomed. Finally, in the medium term, the international pasta market is expected to stay negative unless tangible product innovations are introduced, particularly regarding the technological innovations aimed at improving the products’ health benefits. This Special Issue aimed to provide a fundamental understanding and present the current strategies to improve the technological, nutritional, and sensory properties of pasta.
    Keywords: innovative pasta raw materials ; durum ; emmer ; spelt ; pasta ; brewers’ spent grain ; dietary fiber ; einkorn ; functional pasta ; tritordeum ; upcycling ; unconventional ingredients ; nutritional value ; cooking quality ; legumes ; Spirulina Platensis ; resistant starch ; hydrolysis index ; dietary fibre ; annealing ; slowly digestible starch ; carbohydrates ; fiber ; in vitro digestion ; micronization ; brown rice ; air fractionation ; parboiling ; rice pasta ; enriched pasta ; bioactive compound ; tuna ; sea bass ; Ω-3 fatty acids ; sensometrics ; TPA (texture profile analysis) ; glycemic index ; glycemic response ; durum wheat ; landraces ; starch ; available carbohydrates ; glycemic load ; texture profile analysis ; gluten-free ; celiac disease ; fish ; allergy ; pear, date, and apple by-products ; wheat flour ; sensorial properties ; scanning electron microscopy ; multiple factor analysis ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBP Health systems & services::MBPK Mental health services
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This reprint contains several articles where the molecular mechanisms and structural changes in target proteins on interaction with various viruses and bacteria were studied. In addition, drug-protein interactions, drug–drug interaction mechanisms, anti-Glycating, antioxidant, binding affinity, network pharmacology-driven investigations, and targeted anticancer treatments were also investigated.
    Keywords: RSV ; ectodomain G protein ; heparan sulfate ; protein–ligand interaction ; fluorescence quenching ; molecular docking ; molecular dynamic simulation ; quercetin ; CCL4 ; neurotoxicity ; VirtualToxLab ; oxidative stress markers ; Huperzine A ; molecular dynamics simulation ; fluorescence spectroscopy ; human serum albumin ; neurodegenerative disorders ; drug–protein interactions ; erlotinib ; bovine serum albumin ; binding interaction ; competition ; hepatitis E virus ; methyltransferase ; protein stability ; enzyme assay ; garlic ; antioxidant ; anti-glycation ; glycation ; AGEs ; HSA ; quetiapine ; hydrophobic interaction ; thermodynamic parameters ; seproxetine ; antidepressant ; charge transfer ; π-acceptors ; DFT ; haloperidol ; antipsychotics ; keratoconus ; MMP-2 ; MMP-9 ; molecular dynamics ; MM-GBSA calculations ; pharmacophore mapping ; α-amylase ; advanced glycation end-products ; caffeic acid ; coumaric acid ; coronary artery disease ; phytotherapy ; network pharmacology ; angiogenesis ; zebrafish ; dynamics molecular docking ; NEK7 ; virtual screening ; DFTs ; deep learning ; drug design ; drug repurposing ; structural-based ; cancer ; A. aspera ; β-amyrin ; C. gigantea ; C. procera ; GC-MS ; Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ; Molecular docking ; MD simulations ; Tuberculosis (TB) ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Glycosaminoglycans are linear, anionic polysaccharides (GAGs) consisting of repeating disaccharides. GAGs are ubiquitously localized throughout the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to the cell membranes of cells in all tissues. They are either conjugated to protein cores in the form of proteoglycans, e.g., chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS), heparin/heparan sulfate (Hep/HS) and keratan sulfate (KS), as well as non-sulfated hyaluronan (HA). By modulating biological signaling GAGs participate in the regulation of homeostasis and also participate in disease progression. The book, entitled “Exploring the multifaceted roles of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)—new advances and further challenges”, features original research and review articles. These articles cover several GAG-related timely topics in structural biology and imaging; morphogenesis, cancer, and other disease therapy and drug developments; tissue engineering; and metabolic engineering. This book also includes an article illustrating how metabolic engineering can be used to create the novel chondroitin-like polysaccharide.A prerequisite for communicating in any discipline and across disciplines is familiarity with the appropriate terminology. Several nomenclature rules exist in the field of biochemistry. The historical description of GAGs follows IUPAC and IUB nomenclature. New structural depictions such as the structural nomenclature for glycan and their translation into machine-readable formats have opened the route for cross-references with popular bioinformatics resources and further connections with other exciting “omics” fields.
    Keywords: GAGs: ; Hyaluronic ; Acid, ; Heparan ; (Sulfate) ; Heparin, ; Heparosan ; Chondroitin ; Dermatan ; Keratan, ; GAGs ; like ; Peri ; and ; Extracellular ; Matrix ; Regulation ; &amp ; Biosynthesis ; of ; GAG ; Extraction ; Synthesis ; (chemical, ; metabolic ; engineering,...) ; Characterization ; sequence ; molecular ; weight, ; degree ; polymerization, ; 3D ; structures,....) ; structure/properties ; relationships ; oligosaccharides ; Glycobiology ; structure/function ; relationship ; Protein-GAG ; complexes ; in ; disease ; GAG-based ; biomaterials ; as ; nanocarriers ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: A disease model displays pathological processes observed in human or animal diseases. The models are fundamental tools in biomedical research, and they are invaluable for providing new insights into mechanisms underlying organ function, establishing the pathophysiology of a disease, and testing potential therapeutic approaches.Models have been long used to study several diseases, including cardiovascular, oncologic, metabolic, infectious, and neurological diseases, among others. Animals or cells displaying pathological processes observed in human or animal diseases have been used as models. Moreover, mathematical models are also of great importance to disease modeling. Animal models offer the unique opportunity to investigate the function of genes and pathways and the in vivo effects of drugs, bridging the gap between basic science and the treatment of diseases. The selection of a suitable model system is a crucial step in research design. For disease modeling to be meaningful, a relevant cellular or genetic phenotype must be observed. Without the use of models, both research and clinical practice worldwide would be vastly different today.This Special Issue aimed to publish original research works or reviews with models of disease, highlighting their importance to search for new therapeutic strategies.
    Keywords: spontaneous models ; induced models ; genetically engineered models ; acute kidney injury ; biomarkers ; coagulation ; ischemia-reperfusion injury ; shock ; newborn lamb ; multiple intestinal loop model ; 3R ; Cryptosporidium parvum ; yeast cell wall fractions ; fatty liver disease ; glucose ; imipramine ; insulin ; obesity ; renal impairment ; retinal injury ; xenograft ; ectopic ; orthotopic ; hIBC ; cIMC ; whole-body ischemia ; cardiopulmonary resuscitation ; drug-induced hypothermia ; spinal motor neuron ; inflammation ; paraplegia ; virucidal drugs ; IBV ; chickens ; Coronaviridae ; silver nanoparticles ; artificial ribonuclease ; monoglyceride lauryl acid ; spinal cord hemisection ; Macaca radiata ; predegenerated nerve transplantation ; locomotor recovery ; Cornu Ammonis 1 ; glutaminergic synapse ; memory function ; oligodendrocyte ; pyramidal cells ; animal model ; trichotillomania ; hair-pulling ; body-focused repetitive disorder ; transitional cell carcinoma ; urothelial carcinoma ; histology ; therapeutic marker ; prognosis ; mandibular growth ; mandibular posterior displacement ; mandibular length ; condylar growth ; rat ; class III malocclusion ; orthodontic treatment ; antebrachial growth deformity ; dog ; osteotomy ; patient-specific instrumentation ; 3-D ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 56
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint is mainly aimed at economists involved in the energy market. Energy market processes have an enormous impact on people's day-to-day economic activities. The economics of sustainability leads the way in theorizing how best to prevent environmental degradation whilst also fostering positive economic development. For these reasons, the focus of this reprint is mainly on pollution and the energy transition. Works on energy resources and future-oriented solutions that reduce the consumption of classical energy resources are explored in the reprint. Papers relating to contemporary accounting and the stock market are also presented. The geographical area of the works showcased here essentially covers the entire eastern hemisphere of the globe (Asia, Africa and Europe). They are mainly empirical studies, although in one case a bibliometric analysis is included.
    Keywords: energy market ; stock market ; mood ; emotions ; weather ; causality ; industry ; renewable energy ; CO2 emissions ; Sub-Saharan Africa ; pollution charges ; green technology innovation ; industrial enterprise ; heterogeneity analysis ; oil prices ; inflation ; exchange rate ; goodwill ; impairment of goodwill ; quality of financial statements ; energy sector ; mining ; fuel ; disclosures of financial information ; nearly zero-energy housing ; NZEB ; barriers ; perceptions ; housing professionals ; sustainability transition ; energy ; green indicators ; blue indicators ; carbon neutrality ; nonlinear ARDL ; European Union ; sustainable energy development ; energy transformation ; energy strategy ; taxonomical analysis ; ranking ; TOPSIS method ; renewable energy transition ; non-euro area ; panel data ; Granger causality ; VECM ; human capital ; CO2 emission ; FDI ; technological innovation ; carbon emission efficiency ; carbon emission ; renewable energy sources ; government regulations ; subsidy programmes ; prosumers ; micro-installations ; regression discontinuity design ; green taxes ; greenhouse gas emissions ; indicators of reduction in greenhouse gas emissions ; sustainable development ; green energy ; innovation ; trends ; bibliometric analysis ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The concept of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) encompasses novel kinds of medicines for human use that are based on genes, cells or tissues. These intend to offer not only regeneration, but complete functional recovery of diseased tissues and organs using different strategies. Gene therapy, cell therapy and tissue engineering are the main areas in which promising advanced therapies are emerging. The eye is a very complex organ whose main structures, the cornea and the retina, play a pivotal role in maintaining normal vision, as severe alterations in these tissues can lead to blindness. Ocular tissues are starting to benefit from ATMPs by fighting against the enormous complexity and devastating potential of many ocular diseases. However, developments arising from this field of work face important challenges related to vectors to deliver drugs and genetic material to target tissues, suitable biomaterials to prepare cell scaffolds and cell stemness, among others—not to mention the complicated legislation around ATMPs, the complexity in production and quality control and the absence of standardized protocols.The purpose of this Special Issue is to serve as an overview of the current progress in the application of cell and gene therapies, as well as tissue engineering to restore functionality in diseased ocular structures, and the challenges linked to reaching patients.
    Keywords: MPC polymer ; dry eye ; ocular surface ; lacrimal fluid ; mucin ; 3D bioprinting ; cornea ; retina ; ophthalmology ; tissue regeneration ; electrospinning ; conjunctiva ; decellularized tissue matrix ; small intestinal submucosa ; urinary bladder matrix ; polycaprolactone ; fiber ; tissue engineering ; stratification ; conjunctival epithelial cells ; hydrogel ; keratoplasty ; scaffold ; collagen ; advanced therapy medicinal product ; ATMP ; cell therapy ; gene therapy ; eye ; ocular ; regulatory ; marketing authorization ; double-crosslinking ; carbodiimide ; glutaraldehyde ; sodium metabisulfite ; sodium borohydride ; EDC/NHS ; stem cells ; retinal diseases ; optic nerve diseases ; cell replacement ; cell sources ; advanced therapies ; ocular mucosa ; blindness ; CLET ; limbal niche ; limbal stem cell ; LSCD ; mesenchymal stem cell transplantation ; MSCT ; corneal limbus ; decellularized xenograft ; recellularization ; mesenchymal stem cells ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 58
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This reprint includes contributions from leaders in the field of personalized medicine in ophthalmology. The contributions are diverse and cover pre-clinical and clinical topics. We hope you enjoy reading the articles.
    Keywords: subthreshold micropulse laser ; 577-nm laser ; laser fixed parameters ; diabetic retinopathy ; diabetic macular edema ; optical coherence tomography ; autofluorescence ; real-life ; diabetic macular oedema ; visual prognosis ; indicators ; personalized medicine ; age-related macular degeneration ; choroidal neovascularization ; classification ; machine learning ; type 2 diabetes ; retinopathy ; ethnicity ; general practice ; risk factors ; progression ; glycemic gap ; glucose variability ; ETDRS classification ; biomarkers ; phenotypes ; anti-vascular endothelial growth factor ; diabetic retinopathy severity scale ; panretinal leakage index ; neovascular age-related macular degeneration ; anti-VEGF therapy ; retinal thickness ; visual acuity ; variability ; leakage index ; microaneurysms ; intravitreal aflibercept ; neovascularization ; ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography ; retinal imaging ; quantitative biomarkers ; precision medicine ; autoantibodies ; AT1-receptor ; PAR1 ; VEGF-A ; VEGF-B ; VEGF-receptor 2 ; AMD ; complement system ; semi-quantitative multiplex profilin ; mass spectrometry ; C4 ; vitronectin ; factor I ; genetic variants ; metabolites ; HDL ; central area thickness ; biomarker ; microRNA ; anti-VEGF ; retina ; edema ; OCT ; tomography ; microphysiological systems ; blood-neural barriers ; neurovascular unit ; disease modeling ; 3D models ; organ-on-a-chip ; inner blood-retinal barrier ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: The scope of the Special Issue is research and reviews on evaluations of current practice, innovations in medication management, developments in therapeutics, and pharmaceutical science research that informs and improves practice and administration, as well as the social and administrative pharmacy. We will mainly feature original research, reviews, short reports, and clinical studies, but also case reports, descriptive/how-to, and commentary submissions for consideration.
    Keywords: older adults ; polypharmacy ; internal medicine ward ; community pharmacy ; drug disposal ; unused medication ; environment ; awareness ; practice ; ambulatory care facilities ; health workforce ; pharmacists ; Taiwan ; Commonwealth Partnerships for Antimicrobial Stewardship (CwPAMS) ; National Health Service (NHS) ; Chief Pharmaceutical Officer’s Global Health Fellowship ; CPhOGH Fellows ; CwPAMS ; pharmacy ; fellowship ; health partnerships ; antimicrobial resistance (AMR) ; global health ; leadership ; non-prescription medicines ; emergency contraception ; community pharmacies ; information gathering ; availability ; pricing ; mystery calls ; ulipristal acetate ; levonorgestrel ; Germany ; e-prescription ; prescription writing ; Jazan ; Saudi Arabia ; prescription errors ; medicine consumption ; defined daily dose ; adolescents and young adults ; cancer patients ; fragility ; pain ; MUR ; medication review ; barriers ; pharmacist ; pregabalin ; abuse ; community pharmacists ; reproductive health ; contraception ; emergency contraceptives ; patient education ; biosensing technology ; digital medicine system ; medication adherence ; medication event monitoring system ; nonadherence ; prescription opioids ; mortality ; standardized mortality ratio ; underlying cause of death ; prescriptions ; community pharmacy services ; emergency prescribing ; pharmacy practice ; pharmacy law and regulation ; COVID-19 ; additional monitoring ; black triangle ; adverse event reporting ; pharmacovigilance ; intervention ; outcomes ; systematic review ; pharmacy education ; decision to study in pharmacy ; selecting pharmacy as a first choice ; pharmacogenomics ; learning activity ; asynchronous learning ; virtual learning ; student survey ; Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly ; adverse drug events ; medication-related problems ; drug-related problems ; medication safety ; Medicare ; Medicaid ; financial management ; pharmacy management ; business ; entrepreneurship ; pharmacy students ; perception ; attitudes ; ability ; interprofessional ; simulation ; acute care ; nursing ; students ; standardized patients ; high fidelity ; SPICE-R2 ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDP Pharmaceutical industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Myxobacteria are fascinating and important prokaryotes. They have large genomes and exhibit a wide range of interesting behaviors, including multicellular fruiting body formation, social interaction, predation, and secondary metabolite production. Substantial progress is being made in understanding their ecological roles and the evolutionary forces that have shaped their phenotypes and behaviors. Novel species of myxobacteria are regularly described, often producing unusual metabolites and enzymes which can be of significant biotechnological interest. Molecular studies, ranging in subject from individual enzymes to entire ‘omes, continue to provide rich insights into myxobacterial biology. This collected volume brings together five research articles and three reviews, to provide a snapshot of current myxobacterial research in all its diversity.
    Keywords: carotenoids ; comparative genomics ; development ; fruiting body formation ; one-component systems ; quorum signalling ; two-component systems ; myxobacteria ; Myxococcales ; germination ; bacterial cell wall ; sporulation ; morphology ; photoreceptor ; photosensitizer ; photoregulation ; singlet oxygen ; plasmalogens ; CarF ; vitamin B12 ; CarH ; ECF-sigma ; CarD-CdnL ; microbial food web ; trophic interactions ; predator–prey interactions ; mesopredator ; social bacteria ; nematodes ; experimental community ; behavior ; Myxococcus sp. ; Corallococcus sp. ; Melittangium sp. ; Archangium sp. ; biosynthetic gene clusters ; Myxococcus xanthus ; phase contrast microscopy ; fluorescence microscopy ; aggregation ; rippling ; deep learning ; generative adversarial network ; pretator-prey coevolution ; antagonism ; mucoidy ; predatory bacteria ; bacterial predation ; prey diversity ; negative frequency dependence ; experimental evolution ; MyxoEE-6 ; functional genomics ; genome evolution ; genome organisation ; pan-genome ; proteomics ; taxonomy ; transcriptomics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSG Microbiology (non-medical)
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Land use is the projection of human activities in space, and it has become an important insight into the transformation and reconstruction of human society and economy. Rural land use in China is undergoing rapid transformation driven by the rapid development of science and technology. Effectively grasping the change and transformation process of rural land use and its internal mechanism provides an important reference for revealing the inherent laws of China's rural development. Rural land use is closely related to the rural vitalization strategy and urban–rural integration in the new era. An in-depth study of China's rural land use and policy reform provides the basis of knowledge for formulating and optimizing urban–rural relations. This Special Issue focuses on the changes, effects, and regulation of rural land use in China, focusing on its main contradictions and solutions, building a cooperative network and sharing platform for rural land use research from a multidisciplinary perspective, and further deepening the theoretical innovation and practical application of rural land use research. We invited scholars from various disciplines to contribute to the Special Issue, especially with papers on the subjects of theoretical innovation, technological innovation, and practical innovation in this field.
    Keywords: family farm ; efficiency ; DEA model ; Tobit model ; farm operation ; influencing factors ; soybean ; production pattern ; spatial agglomeration ; policy implications ; spatiotemporal changes ; crop planting structure ; black soil region ; Northeast China ; county-level ; geographic characteristics ; hollow village ; actor–network ; governance mode ; operation process ; appropriate tillage sand land ; land survey ; limiting factor ; land evaluation ; cultivated land protection ; Green Transition of Cultivated Land-use (GTCL) ; Water-Land-Food-Carbon (WLFC) ; coupling coordination ; land use change ; rural settlements ; spatial pattern evolution ; land policy ; China ; different modes ; land transfer ; livelihood capital ; difference-in-differences model ; Land Certificated Program (LCP) ; farmland “stickiness” ; land production function ; property rights ; agricultural policy ; cultivated land multifunctionality ; coupling coordination degree ; spatial-temporal pattern ; driving force ; major grain-producing areas ; northeast China ; comprehensive land consolidation ; pilot project ; decision-making evaluation ; farmers ; social investors ; non-agriculturalization rate ; ecological risk ; cultivated land change ; landform ; land management ; increasing versus decreasing balance (IVDB) ; balanced quota ; revenue ; inverted U-shaped curve ; Zhejiang province ; territorial space ; production–living–ecological space ; spatio-temporal variation ; eco-environment effect ; territorial spatial pattern ; eco-environmental quality ; soil contamination ; phytoremediation ; passivation ; farmer ; questionnaire survey ; paddy field ; dryland ; topographic gradient ; landscape characteristics ; land-use change ; rural settlement ; spatial distribution ; scale distribution ; morphological distribution ; the metropolitan fringe area ; Nanjing ; farmland transfer ; farmland function ; income structure ; rural household consumption ; consumption structure ; Yunnan Province ; farmers’ land transfer behavior ; herd effect ; geo-network ; the farmland right system reform ; creditor rights ; real rights ; agricultural modernization ; labor migration ; spatio-temporal evolution ; driving factor ; family structure ; heterogeneity ; area of land transfer ; rural–urban migration ; rural development ; land consolidation ; income distribution ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The trend of digitalization is an omnipresent phenomenon nowadays – in social life and in the dental community. Advancement in digital technology has fostered research into new dental materials for the use of these workflows, particularly in the field of prosthodontics and oral implantology.CAD/CAM-technology has been the game changer for the production of tooth-borne and implant-supported (monolithic) reconstructions: from optical scanning, to on-screen designing, and rapid prototyping using milling or 3D-printing. In this context, the continuous development and speedy progress in digital workflows and dental materials ensure new opportunities in dentistry.The objective of this Special Issue is to provide an update on the current knowledge with state-of-the-art theory and practical information on digital workflows to determine the uptake of technological innovations in dental materials science. In addition, emphasis is placed on identifying future research needs to manage the continuous increase in digitalization in combination with dental materials and to accomplish their clinical translation.This Special Issue welcomes all types of studies and reviews considering the perspectives of the various stakeholders with regard to digital dentistry and dental materials.
    Keywords: Dentistry ; Prosthodontics ; Implant ; dentistry ; Digital ; technology ; Dental ; materials ; Rapid ; prototyping ; CAD/CAM ; Optical ; scanning ; 3D ; printing ; Translational ; research ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In the last few years, an increasing number of individuals have adopted a gluten free diet (GFD). A significant proportion of that includes patients affected by celiac disease (CD), who have to follow a strict GFD for medical purposes. However, a high number of individuals are currently following a GFD without medical counseling and without a specific diagnosis needing a gluten withdrawal from the diet. This is due to the frequently incorrect information diffused on the Internet and mass media on the topic of GFD. For these reasons, research on the GFD and its clinical use and biological effects is urgently needed.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC620-627 ; gluten ; n/a ; mental health ; 33-mer ; gut motility ; gluten re-introduction ; teenagers ; gastric emptying ; islet of Langerhans ; children ; high-fat diet-induced obesity ; affective disorders ; FODMAP intake ; Brazilian CD-QoL ; DQ2.5-glia-?3 epitopes ; place of residence ; zinc ; glutenin ; quality of life (QoL) ; mood disorders ; magnesium ; dietary adherence ; coeliac disease ; food habit ; villous atrophy ; pepsin ; peptides derived from gluten in faeces and urine ; beta cell ; body mass index (BMI) ; oral food challenge ; gliadin ; ?-gliadin ; non-celiac gluten sensitivity ; celiac disease ; wheat ; outcome ; DQ2.5-glia-?1 ; DQ2.5-glia-?2 ; gut microbiota ; type 2 diabetes ; major depressive disorder ; micronutrient ; beta-cell stress ; non-coeliac gluten sensitivity ; screening ; gluten free diet ; gluten-related disorders ; threshold ; diary recommended intake ; wheat species ; non-coeliac wheat sensitivity ; body composition ; serology ; educational level ; mineral ; disease duration ; gastrointestinal symptoms ; gluten-free diet ; NOD mouse ; diagnosis ; osteoporosis ; nutrition ; cholecyst ; wheat allergy ; celiac disease (CD) ; quality of life ; microbiota ; questionnaire ; nutritionists ; structured questionnaires ; Pseudomonas ; intestinal permeability ; Celiac Disease ; economic status ; effectiveness ; type 1 diabetes ; cost ; calcium ; irritable bowel syndrome ; adherence ; non celiac gluten sensitivity ; deficiency ; gluten sensitivity ; iron ; low FODMAP diet ; depression ; clinic ; duodenal biopsies ; fortification ; mucosal recovery ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: The recent advances in optical sources and detectors have opened up new opportunities for sensing and imaging techniques which can be successfully used in biomedical and healthcare applications. This book, entitled ‘Optical Methods in Sensing and Imaging for Medical and Biological Applications’, focuses on various aspects of the research and development related to these areas. The book will be a valuable source of information presenting the recent advances in optical methods and novel techniques, as well as their applications in the fields of biomedicine and healthcare, to anyone interested in this subject.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; TA1-2040 ; RM1-950 ; fiber optic sensor ; computational optical sensing and imaging ; imaging spectroscopy ; spectral imaging ; optical coherent tomography ; optical feedback interferometry ; optical tomography ; Raman sensing and imaging ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: Rare diseases, or orphan diseases, are those that individually affect a small number of patients, but taken together affect over 300 million people worldwide. They are characterized by their etiological, diagnostic and evolutionary complexity, important morbi-mortality, with high levels of disability that entail and hinder the development of a normal vital subject, not only in those who suffer from them, but also their families; therefore, a comprehensive social health approach is necessary to address this problem.About 80% of rare diseases have a genetic origin, mainly monogenic; thus, genetic testing is mandatory for the confirmation of clinical diagnostics and to ensure correct genetic counseling. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled a revolution in genetic diseases, specially in rare diseases. However, their complexity makes diagnoses difficult even with the advent of NGS.In this Special Issue, we present several examples of the complexity of genetic diagnosis for most of these diseases and the consequences that genetic testing implies for genetic counseling. There are examples of the genetic heterogeneity of hearing loss, some metabolic and lisosomal disorders, ataxia, Prader–Willi syndrome, and three comprehensive reviews on syndromic retinal dystrophies, the complexity of the molecular diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders, and the value of genetic counseling before and after a genetic test.
    Keywords: retina ; inherited retinal diseases ; syndrome ; Turner syndrome ; mosaicism ; ring chromosomes ; growth hormone deficiency ; pituitary microadenoma ; clinical genetics ; early onset ataxia ; dystonia ; neurodevelopment ; network analysis ; bioinformatics ; ataxia ; phenotype ; child ; NGS ; next generation sequencing ; inborn errors of metabolism ; lysosomal disorders ; neuromuscular disease ; genetic testing ; whole exome sequencing ; Prader–Willi syndrome ; imprinting disorder ; recombinant human growth hormone ; insulin-like growth factor 1 ; HMGLD ; HMGCL ; HMG-CoA lyase deficiency ; inherited metabolic diseases ; familial hearing loss ; multiple diagnoses ; non-syndromic hearing loss ; ACTG1 ; MYH9 ; genetic counselling ; rare diseases ; professional recognition ; hearing loss ; genetic diagnosis ; SLC26A4 ; DFNB4 ; Tuvinians ; Altaians ; Southern Siberia ; Russia ; GSDME ; DFNA5 ; single-exon CNV ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: The reprint provides the most relevant and state-of-the-art in the field, including recent developments in the production of natural compounds from various bioresources, and their formulations as bioactives. This reprint also covered the engineered approaches for enhanced biological properties and their potential applications. Identification of novel compounds and bioprocess tools to improve the quantity and quality of bioactive compounds and their formulations are exclusively covered in this reprint.
    Keywords: anti-solvent ; enzymatic saccharification ; EMIM-Ac ; ethanol ; ionic liquid ; lignocellulosic biomass ; recycling ; agro-industry ; microencapsulation ; bioactive compounds ; in vitro digestion ; yogurt ; cannabis ; cannabinoids ; postharvest ; drying ; curing ; storage ; biosynthesis ; pre-treatments ; sorption isotherm ; Raphanus sativus L. ; recombinant IFN-α2a ; apoptosis ; antiviral and antitumor activity ; Japanese knotweed rhizome bark ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; virus neutralization test ; nano-formulation ; nutraceuticals ; prebiotics ; nanofabricated delivery system ; liposomes ; nano-emulsions ; Abelmoschus manihot ; neurodegenerative disease ; oxidative stress ; proliferation ; inflammation ; nucleotide excision repair ; Actinosynnema pretiosum ; ansamitocin P-3 ; ssgA ; AdpA ; morphological differentiation ; pomegranate ; pomace ; extraction ; biological activity ; functional beverages ; sensory quality ; vitamins ; formulation ; homogeneous systems ; hydrophile–lipophile balance ; Emblica officinalis ; phytochemicals ; hyperlipidemia ; pharmacology ; nanoformulation ; Prunus mume ; vasorelaxant ; hypertension ; angiotensin receptor blockers ; agro-waste ; valorization ; value-added bioproducts ; micro/nano encapsulation ; agri-food-pharma applications ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-20
    Description: This book presents a collection of papers revealing the impact of advanced computation and instrumentation on healthcare. It highlights the increasing global trend driving innovation for a new era of multifunctional technologies for personalized digital healthcare. Moreover, it highlights that contemporary research on healthcare is performed on a multidisciplinary basis comprising computational engineering, biomedicine, biomedical engineering, electronic engineering, and automation engineering, among other areas.
    Keywords: eHealth ; mHealth ; telemedicine ; telehealth ; social sciences ; bibliometrics ; telediagnostic ; project management ; funding ; IT infrastructure ; cross-border multiprofessional team ; European Union ; Interreg ; reporting ; quality control ; resident ; diagnostic error ; artificial intelligence ; healthcare AI ; deployment and scaling ; medical center ; critical factors ; stakeholders ; health information technology ; information sharing ; hospital costs ; poverty ratio ; concentration ; continuous glucose monitoring ; insulin pump ; continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ; pediatric diabetes ; biomedical data ; medical imaging ; shared data ; massive databases ; AI-based healthcare solutions ; trueness ; 3D printing ; milling ; interim dental crown ; digital dentistry ; dental device ; data mining ; bio-signal analysis ; bio-signal repository ; execution engine ; bio-signal monitoring ; digital healthcare ; patient-centric ; blockchain ; federated learning ; coronavirus (COVID-19) ; pandemic management ; healthcare transformation ; public health strategies ; stroke detection ; portable head scanner ; low-intensity EM waves ; intrinsically safe ; low carbon footprint ; orthodontic treatment ; clear aligners ; smart application ; AI ; computerized learning ; behavior change techniques ; decision tree algorithm ; digital interventions ; mental health literacy ; audiovisual ; dentistry ; computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery ; ultrasounds ; chemomechanical caries removal ; modern technologies ; laser ; ozone ; healthcare ; emergency department ; patient flow ; simulation modeling ; agent-based modeling ; pandemic decision support ; additive manufacturing ; patient-centric dosage form ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Supporting initiation, development and resolution of appropriate immune responses is key to survival. Many nutrients and dietary components have been purported to have a role in supporting optimal immune function. This is vital throughout the life course, from the development and programming of the immune system in early life, to supporting immunity and reducing chronic inflammation in older people. In this special issue of Nutrients, we examine the evidence for the role of diet and dietary components in promoting protective immunity.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RC581-607 ; immunonutrition ; supplementation ; superoxide dismutase (SOD) ; fermented milk ; selenocysteine ; dendritic cells ; lipoxygenase (LOX) ; chronic inflammatory conditions ; formulation ; immune system ; cytokines ; skeletal muscle ; zinc ; non-digestible carbohydrates ; Toll-like receptor ; carbohydrates ; fiber ; lymphocytes ; antibody ; infants ; liver ; macrophage ; inflammatory process ; probiotic ; plant ; older people ; gut barrier ; infection ; amino acids ; gut ; T helper 1 (Th1) ; immunity ; T cells ; bioactive peptide ; inhibitor of kappa kinase (IKK) ; inflammation ; adhesion molecules ; leukocytes ; human milk oligosaccharides ; vitamin D ; food structure ; vitamin E ; mitogen-activated protein Kinase (MAPK) ; gut microbiota ; weaning ; homeostasis ; intestinal immune system ; extra-cellular signal regulated kinases (ERK) ; cyclooxygenase (COX) ; oxidative stress ; life course ; polyphenols ; oligosaccharides ; micronutrients ; Th17 ; obesity ; tolerance ; arachidonic acid ; growth factors ; anti-inflammation ; age-related immunity ; prebiotic ; biomarker ; microbiome ; functional foods ; immunosenescence ; nutrition ; molecular mechanisms ; metabolism ; macronutrients ; toll-like receptor 4 ; sepsis ; nutrition guidelines ; microbiota ; immunomodulation ; inflammatory markers ; elderly ; Th1/Th17 response ; adults ; reactive oxygen species (ROS) ; anorexia nervosa ; macrophages ; autoimmune diseases ; fatty acids ; T cell ; Treg ; breast milk ; nitric oxide synthase (NOS) ; chemokines ; anti-tumorigenic ; metabolites ; deficiency ; protein hydrolysate ; nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-?B) ; cancer ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The papers published in this Special Issue report on recent studies investigating the exploitation of by-products produced by the food industry. The topics investigated include the extraction setups used for valuable food waste by-products and their applications as adjuncts to food preparation; the appropriate selection of solvents and extraction processes; and the interactions between extracted fractions and supplementary foods. The papers evaluate a wide variety of foodstuffs and provide results regarding the extension their shelf-lives and activities as functional foods.
    Keywords: by-product ; rheological properties ; optimization ; melting profile ; antioxidant activity ; mayonnaise ; olive mill wastewater ; oxidative stability ; phenolic extract ; pork ; fatty acid ; amino acid ; mineral ; meat ; sustainability ; spent biomass ; prebiotic potential ; enzymatic digestion ; biorefinery ; circular economy ; by-products ; ovine scotta ; bioactive peptides ; bromelain ; pancreatin ; dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibition ; ovine second whey cheese ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; wasted bread ; bioprocessing ; lactic acid bacteria ; soil amendment ; byproducts ; vegetable oil industry ; phenolics ; flavonoids ; photochemiluminescence ; cold-pressed oil by-product ; gum ; thixotropic behavior ; low-fat vegan mayonnaise ; thickeners ; gelling agents ; tomato pomace ; lycopene ; β-carotene ; extraction ; food by-products ; deep eutectic solvents ; non-thermal drying ; stilbene ; vine shoots ; viticulture waste ; trans-resveratrol ; ε-viniferin ; Italian varieties ; no-waste ; omega-3 ; smart sensors ; reuse ; fish oil industry ; recovery ; chemometrics ; lipid profile ; aquafaba ; cold-pressed oils ; confocal laser scanning microscopy ; egg replacement ; physicochemical properties ; radical scavenging activity ; vegan mayonnaise ; Amberlite resin ; hazelnut skin ; polyphenols ; Pinot noir pomace ; solid–liquid extraction ; valorization ; fatty acids ; derivatization ; cranberry pomace ; dietary fiber ; technological properties ; kiwi byproducts ; probiotic ; prebiotic ; Lactobacillus casei ; ingredients ; functional foods ; microbial spoilage ; lipidic oxidation ; antioxidant ; predictive microbiology ; food preservation ; food safety ; sustainable strategy ; by-product reuse ; kinetic parameters ; Olea europaea ; waste reuse ; inulin ; high polymerization degree ; functional pasta ; glycemic index ; prebiotics growth ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint presents the published papers of a Special Issue titled Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils, of the journal Antioxidants, MDPI. Obviously, essential oils are a point of huge interest, due to them being rich in bioactive substances (with their recognised antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral, etc., effects) and are also used extensively in the beauty/cosmetic industry, food products, etc. Considering the global trend of "return to nature", both in eating habits/nutrition, and in the adjuvant therapies (implying essential oils) addressed in the case of numerous diseases, and taking into account the interest of the authors who submitted their papers, the current topic can be considered to be of great interest and with increased and promising potential for future research.
    Keywords: allyl compounds ; molecular dynamic ; antioxidant enzyme ; oxidative stress ; phytochemical study ; Artemisia judaica ; essential oil ; wound healing ; inflammatory markers ; antibiofilm activity ; antioxidant activity ; Ammi visnaga L. ; chemical composition ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; circular economy ; volatile compounds ; antioxidants ; pro-oxidants ; enzymatic activity ; gas chromatography ; proanthocyanidins ; polyphenols ; Salvia officinalis ; chemical analysis ; aromatherapy ; inhalation ; TBARS ; FRAP ; colour parameter ; linseed and vitamin E ; oregano and rosemary ; microbiological profile ; beef meat ; phytochemicals ; medicinal plants ; plant-based nanostructures ; eco-friendly nanotherapeutics ; therapeutics ; phytobiotics ; apiaceae family ; Valeriana pilosa ; antioxidant activities ; molecular docking ; Embelia ribes Burm. ; Vidanga ; essential oils/extracts ; embelin ; vilangin ; pharmacology ; phytochemistry ; plant-based compounds ; natural products ; Amazon ; medicinal plant ; bioactive compounds ; S. edelbergii ; essential oils ; GC-MS analysis ; in vitro and in vivo biological activities ; antioxidant ; phytotoxic ; molecular modeling ; virtual ligand screening ; Amazonian natural products ; Artemia salina ; 1,8-cineole ; (Z)-α-trans-bergamotene ; citrus essential oils ; natural aromatic compounds ; therapeutic effects of citrus EOs ; characterization of citrus EOs ; new species ; Rosmarinus officinalis ; Salvia rosmarinus ; aromatic herbs ; wastes ; residues ; LC-HRMS/MS ; sweet orange ; cold pressing ; hydrodistillation ; scavenging activity ; reducing capacity ; virulence factors ; quorum sensing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: As we know, strokes are one of the world's leading causes of death, and the cruel aspect of a stroke is that it leaves people with severe functional disability and/or cognitive impairment. Strokes have a significant impact on economies worldwide, as it is estimated that about 10% of the male population and 8% of the female population are affected by them. Such people need personal help in their everyday life and must be materially supported by social services. With the advancement of medicine, artificial intelligence, and new technologies have been developing rapidly and are gradually applied in diseases of the nervous system, increasingly helping diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and prognosis of disease.This Special Issue has collected the 14 papers on artificial intelligence and new technologies in strokes, including in the aspects of diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, rehabilitation, and nursing. We welcome your reading.
    Keywords: non-invasive brain stimulation ; stroke ; spasticity ; meta-analysis ; hemiplegia ; electromyographic bridge ; upper limb rehabilitation ; randomized controlled trial ; hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy ; disorders of consciousness ; metabolic connectivity ; positron emission tomography ; 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ; hand function rehabilitation ; hand rehabilitation robot ; computer vision technology ; wearable devices ; sensors ; artificial intelligence ; brain–computer interface ; active rehabilitation training ; motor function ; brain function ; executive function ; postural control ; gait ; repetitive transcranial stimulation ; facial paralysis ; peripheral magnetic stimulation ; blood flows ; laser speckle ; stroke rehabilitation ; upper limb ; automated system ; motor function assessment ; Fugl-Meyer Assessment ; motor attempt (MA) ; EEG ; deep learning method ; overlapping time window ; facial expression recognition (FER) ; vision transformer (ViT) ; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ; rehabilitation ; assessment ; upper extremity ; hand ; brain–computer interfaces ; motor task ; sensorimotor rhythm ; hand rehabilitation ; motor imagery ; virtual reality ; rTMS ; DTI ; immersive virtual reality ; post-stroke cognitive impairment ; aging ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJN Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: From a biological perspective, the subterranean realm is one of the less studied, but at the same time, one of the most promising, theatres for new findings and research. Compared to those on the surface, the ecological conditions occurring in subterranean habitats are relatively simple, and this may be an optimal scenario for understanding the mechanisms allowing the colonization, adaptation, and evolution of species, as well as their interactions within local communities. Diversity in subterranean habitats is often overlooked, and few studies embrace whole communities or try to assess functional relationships between species. This Special Issue reprint comprises papers covering a wide range of aspects related to the distribution, composition, and roles of subterranean communities occurring in different typologies of subterranean habitats.
    Keywords: cave biology ; subterranean habitats ; vertebrates ; invertebrates ; community dynamics ; biospeleology ; hypogean ; conservation ; biodiversity ; troglobite ; troglophile ; trogloxene ; extreme environment ; niche ; epikarst ; classification trees ; Copepoda ; random forests ; Diptera ; Limonia ; Limonia nubeculosa ; Neolimonia ; Trichoceridea ; cave community ; prey ; food resources ; occupancy ; abundance ; Astyanax ; Spelaeomysis ; Troglomexicanus ; Speocirolana ; Toro cave ; Sierra de El Abra ; troglomorphy ; stygobite ; fieldwork ; wild fish ; comparative biology ; behavior ; troglomorphism ; olfactory test ; infrared movies ; amino acids ; chondroitin ; plasticity ; cybernetics ; ecology ; cavefish ; dissolved oxygen ; cave evolution ; Astyanax mexicanus ; Ostracoda ; Yucatán Peninsula ; cenotes ; mitochondrial marker ; geometric morphometrics ; population ecology ; growth ; movements ; São Domingos karst area ; subterranean fishes ; evolution ; origin of troglobites ; Brazil ; subterranean biology ; environmental science ; biogeography ; distribution records ; groundwater ; underwater caves ; cenote ; mysid ; stygobiont ; bioindicator ; accidental cave visitors ; Arachnida ; Araneae ; arid ; levant ; Mediterranean ; species diversity ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSV Zoology & animal sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Hyperbaric oxygen is a known therapeutic agent, and treatments using this agent remain a matter of discussion and research. This Special Issue collection will add new knowledge and also offer some not so usual approaches to foster contemporary understanding and potential benefit for patients and scholars.
    Keywords: hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) ; Hyperoxia ; wound healing ; antimicrobial properties ; Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) ; critical flicker fusion frequency ; threshold of flicker fusion ; neuropsychology ; diving and hyperbaric medicine ; minimal hepatic encephalopathy ; diabetes ; hyperbaric oxygen therapy ; glycaemia ; oxygen ; hyperbaric oxygen ; epigenetics ; normobaric oxygen paradox ; hyperoxic-hypoxic paradox ; frostbite ; classification ; cold disease ; prognosis ; amputation ; medical outcome ; atmosphere exposure chambers ; diving physiology ; decompression ; periodontal disease ; oral health index ; dental mobility ; periodontal pockets depth ; subfoveal choroidal thickness ; intraocular pressure ; central corneal thickness ; central serous chorioretinopathy ; flow-mediated dilation ; arterial stiffness ; endothelial dysfunction ; n/a ; FMD ; underwater ; hyperbaric ; commercial diver ; off-shore energy operation ; human ; adverse effects ; autonomic nervous system ; lung ultrasound ; mixed gas diving ; pulmonary function ; technical diving ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Over the last few decades, the Mediterranean Diet (MD), characterized by a high intake of vegetables, legumes, fruits, nuts, dairy products and non-refined cereals, a moderate intake of fish and poultry, and a low intake of red meat and sweets, has been recognized as a model for healthy eating. Indeed, adhering to the MD reduces the risk of metabolic and non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity cardiovascular disease and cancer. As an integral part of the traditional Mediterranean lifestyle, regular physical activity (PA) is also associated with a reduced risk of chronic degenerative diseases, even if results often vary according to different types, duration and intensity or volume of PA. The World Health Organization recommends performing moderate-intensity PA for ≥150 min/week, and vigorous-intensity PA for ≥2 days/week to have these health benefits. It is viable to hypothesize that promoting adherence to the MD along with PA guidelines might provide a more comprehensive endorsement to obtain greater health benefits, over and above those acquired separately by the MD and PA. Thus, the ongoing promotion and monitoring of the MD pattern, including eating habits and PA, is crucially important at all life stages. Potential topics may include, but are not limited to, examining the impact of adherence to the MD and PA on health in different life stages as well as on metabolic risk factors and subsequent disease outcomes.
    Keywords: Mediterranean diet ; adherence ; Portuguese immigrants ; California ; Mediterranean Diet ; sustainable diet ; food frequency questionnaire ; diet self-perception ; socioeconomic profile ; health status ; adult population ; deprivation index ; lifestyle ; diet ; physical activity ; BMI ; socioeconomic status ; dietary supplements ; fitness ; MDSS ; IPAQ-SF ; cancer ; diet patterns ; cohort study ; epidemiology ; children ; youth ; kindergarten ; primary school ; secondary school ; faculty ; diabetes ; pediatrics ; food ; nutrition ; glucose ; weight ; blood pressure ; adolescence ; metabolic profile ; awareness ; health ; geographical location ; ethnic ; nutrition guidelines ; chronic disease ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Greenhouse cultivation provides an artificially controlled environment for the year-round production of vegetables, and has played an increasingly important role in agriculture production systems in recent decades. Recent works have shown that improving greenhouse conditions can promote the growth of vegetables and enhance the uptake of nutrients, leading to better vegetable quality. Meanwhile, greenhouse conditions not only directly influence soil nutrient cycling processes and properties, but also indirectly affect them by regulating vegetable root growth and plant–soil interactions. This Special Issue features twelve original research articles that deal with the effects of novel greenhouse practices and strategies on the yield and quality of horticulture crops, as well as greenhouse soil properties. Among these publications, three studied the effects of fertilizers, including organic and macro- and micro-nutrient fertilizers, on the growth and nutrient uptake of vegetables. Two articles described the effects of water and nutrient supply using irrigation or hydroponic supplying systems on the yield and quality of vegetables. Four articles investigated the effects of environmental conditions (mainly light and temperature) on the growth and quality of vegetables. In terms of degenerated greenhouse soil, three articles showed how reductive soil disinfestation decreased soil salinity, improved soil quality, and inactivated soil-borne pathogens.
    Keywords: daily light integral ; cucumber seedling ; seedling quality ; flower development ; boron ; application methods ; growth ; fruit quality ; tomato ; protected greenhouse ; soilless culture ; poultry manure ; yield enhancement ; cucumber ; univariate analysis ; multivariate analysis ; nutrient uptake ; sweet onion ; nerokremmydo ; aeroponic ; floating ; nutrient film technique ; bulb ; application rate ; nitrate ; organic acid ; soil-borne pathogens ; soil pH ; sulfate ; growth rate ; root morphology ; ammonium to nitrate ratio ; nutrient solution composition ; nitrogen efficiency ; net assimilation rate (NAR) ; leaf nitrogen ; fruit temperature ; dry matter ; chlorophyll ; microbial activity ; organic fertilizer ; plastic shed cultivation system ; reductive soil disinfestation ; soil quality ; aromatic substances ; carbon exportation ; flavor quality ; nutrient and function indicator ; overall appearance ; microbial community ; microbial function ; co-occurrence network ; soil ecosystem ; alternate drip irrigation under mulch ; water ; zeolite amount ; tomato growth ; water use efficiency ; principal component ; solar radiation ; humidity ; temperature ; irrigation water use efficiency ; yield ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Micromixers are an important component in micrototal analysis systems and lab-on-a-chip platforms which are widely used for sample preparation and analysis, drug delivery, and biological and chemical synthesis. The Special Issue "Analysis, Design and Fabrication of Micromixers II" published in Micromachines covers new mechanisms, numerical and/or experimental mixing analysis, design, and fabrication of various micromixers. This reprint includes an editorial, two review papers, and eleven research papers reporting on five active and six passive micromixers. Three of the active micromixers have electrokinetic driving force, but the other two are activated by mechanical mechanism and acoustic streaming. Three studies employs non-Newtonian working fluids, one of which deals with nano-non-Newtonian fluids. Most of the cases investigated micromixer design.
    Keywords: microfluidics ; micro-mixer ; micro-jet ; XFEL ; molecular imaging ; sample delivery ; steric effect ; power-law fluids ; boundary slip ; oscillatory electroosmotic flow ; mass transport rate ; passive mixing ; curved mixing structure ; confocal microscopy ; mixing efficiency ; light-actuated AC electroosmosis (LACE) ; microfluidic mixer ; optical virtual electrode ; electrokinetics ; computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ; 3D printing ; spiral micromixers ; dean flow ; trapezoidal cross-section ; mixing index ; convection and diffusion ; Kenics micromixer ; numerical simulation ; non-Newtonian fluids ; CMC solutions ; low Reynolds number ; passive micro-mixer ; mixing unit ; cross flow direction ; baffle impingement ; swirl motion ; mixing performance ; mixing ; micromixer ; density control ; lab on a chip ; pneumatically driven ; acoustic streaming ; acoustofluidics ; computational fluid dynamics ; artificial cilia ; flow manipulation ; biological/medical applications ; chaotic micromixer ; Nano-Non-Newtonian fluid ; mass mixing index ; thermal mixing index ; low generalized Reynolds number ; minimal mixing energy cost ; degree of mixing (DOM) ; modified Tesla micromixer ; tip clearance ; symmetric counter-rotating vortices ; drag and connection of interface ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: The year 2021 saw the publication of the Special Issue “"Diseases of the Salivary Glands" (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/jcm/special_issues/Salivary_Glands), Part I, covering recent and novel advancements as well as future trends in the field of research evaluating diagnostic and therapeutic treatment of salivary gland (SGs) diseases. Given the enormous success of Part I, the Special Issue “Diseases of the Salivary Glands” Part II has been launched, with the firm belief that it will enrich the panorama of world research in this field. Topics include: 1) Clinical features and presentation of potentially malignant SG disorders; 2) Risk factors and etiopathogenesis of SGs tumors; 3) Etiopathogenesis and molecular mechanisms involved in the chronic inflammatory condition characterizing Sjӧgren’s syndrome; 4) New discoveries in the field of micro RNAs associated with Sjӧgren’s syndrome; 5) Molecular markers linked to development and progression of SG diseases: current knowledge and future implications; 6) More innovative techniques for the study of the SG diseases: current limitations and future directions.
    Keywords: xerostomia ; dry mouth ; protein–protein interaction ; drug target ; head and neck cancer ; Sjögren’s Syndrome ; major histocompatibility complex (MHC) ; human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ; autoantigens ; T cells ; E-cadherins ; salivary glands ; morphogenesis ; EMT ; Sjögren’s syndrome ; autoimmunity ; hydrogen peroxide ; adrenaline ; blood loss ; tonsillectomy ; fibrosis ; pleomorphic adenoma ; epithelial–mesenchymal transition ; carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma ; 99mTc-interleukin-2 ; activated lymphocytes ; inflammation imaging ; Sjögren syndrome ; nuclear medicine ; radiopharmaceuticals ; PET ; SPECT ; Follistatin-like 1 protein ; TGF-β1 ; SMAD2/3 ; fluoride ; sodium fluoride ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: This reprint of the Special Issue "Advances in Plant Taxonomy and Systematics", includes an Editorial and fifteen high-quality papers published between April 2022 and April 2023 by global researchers. This collection addresses scholars and students interested in current progresses in taxonomy and systematics, which are crucial for all plant applications.
    Keywords: alpine species ; chromosome number ; Irano-Turanian region ; biogeography ; rapid radiation ; Veronica ; endemism ; morphometrics ; image analysis ; molecular analysis ; niche similarity ; nomenclature ; Magnoliaceae ; chloroplast genome ; phylogenomics ; intergeneric relationship ; Crassula ; Crassulaceae ; plastome ; codon usage ; codon aversion ; DNA barcoding ; evolutionary rates ; phylogeny ; Adonanthe ; molecular phylogeny ; taxonomy ; steppic plant ; demographic systematics ; ethology ; evolution ; natural selection ; next-generation sequencing ; ordination ; reproductive isolation ; sexual deceit ; speciation ; species circumscription ; Astragalus subgenus Hypoglottis ; Leguminosae ; Iran ; rapid diversification ; section Hypoglottidei ; section Stereothrix ; Australia ; carnivorous plants ; non-core Caryophyllales ; Nepenthales ; sundews ; typification ; Adelieae ; Argythamnia ; Caperonia ; Caperonieae ; Chiropetalum ; Ditaxeae ; Ditaxis ; phylogenetics ; Philyra ; Arecaceae ; Bentinckia ; biogeographic analysis ; karyomorphology ; Asteraceae ; ecology ; ddRADseq ; geography ; leaf morphology ; polyploidy ; chromosome numbers ; Crocus heuffelianus group ; Crocus series Verni ; dysploidy ; genome size ; genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) ; morphometry ; apomixis ; hybridisation ; multiple origins ; Sorbus austriaca ; genomics ; geometric morphometrics ; Ranunculus auricomus ; taxonomically complex groups (TCGs) ; arid lands ; Cactaceae ; colonization ; Mammillaria ; Mexican Plateau ; Miocene ; Pleistocene ; recent diversification ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany & plant sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Several promising techniques have been developed to overcome the poor solubility and/or membrane permeability properties of new drug candidates, including different fiber formation methods. Electrospinning is one of the most commonly used spinning techniques for fiber formation, induced by the high voltage applied to the drug-loaded solution. With modifying the characteristics of the solution and the spinning parameters, the functionality-related properties of the formulated fibers can be finely tuned. The fiber properties (i.e., high specific surface area, porosity, and the possibility of controlling the crystalline–amorphous phase transitions of the loaded drugs) enable the improved rate and extent of solubility, causing a rapid onset of absorption. However, the enhanced molecular mobility of the amorphous drugs embedded into the fibers is also responsible for their physical–chemical instability. This Special Issue will address new developments in the area of electrospun nanofibers for drug delivery and wound healing applications, covering recent advantages and future directions in electrospun fiber formulations and scalability. Moreover, it serves to highlight and capture the contemporary progress in electrospinning techniques, with particular attention to the industrial feasibility of developing pharmaceutical dosage forms. All aspects of small molecule or biologics-loaded fibrous dosage forms, focusing on the processability, structures and functions, and stability issues, are included.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RM1-950 ; antibacterial activity ; piroxicam ; n/a ; tissue engineering ; biotechnology ; polydextrose ; solvent casting ; antibacterial ; drug delivery ; diabetic ; pectin ; nanotechnology ; nanocomposite ; hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ; poorly water-soluble drug ; artificial red blood cells ; oral dosage form ; Lactobacillus ; scanning electron microscopy ; wound healing ; UV imaging ; wetting ; biocompatibility ; scale-up ; polylactide-co-polycaprolactone ; nanofibers ; growth factor ; drug release kinetics ; hydrogel ; differential scanning calorimetry ; bacterial bioreporters ; physical solid-state properties ; PCL ; coaxial spinning ; drug delivery system ; haemanthamine ; probiotics ; amphiphilic nanofibers ; wound dressings ; grinding ; scanning white light interferometry ; biopharmaceuticals ; clove essential oil ; viability ; plant-origin alkaloid ; oligochitosan ; local delivery ; electrospinning ; Lactococcus ; self-assembled liposomes ; microcapsules ; microfibers ; nanofiber ; in situ drug release ; biomedical ; core-sheath nanofibers ; processability ; polymeric carrier ; aceclofenac ; drying ; gentamicin sulfate ; traditional electrospinning ; electrospinning and electrospray ; fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; drug release ; gelatin ; ultrasound-enhanced electrospinning ; 3D printing ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: This book presents recent advances in the field of bone tissue engineering, including molecular insights, innovative biomaterials with regenerative properties (e.g., osteoinduction and osteoconduction), and physical stimuli to enhance bone regeneration.
    Keywords: bone ; collagen type I ; alginate ; conditioned medium ; viability ; MSC ; osteogenesis ; pulsed electromagnetic field ; osteogenic factors ; wool keratin scaffolds ; bone tissue engineering ; biocompatibility ; biomaterials ; bone augmentation ; bone conduction ; bone grafting ; calcium hydroxyapatite ; tissue regeneration ; dental implants ; osseointegration ; osteoporosis ; zoledronate ; animal model ; titanium membrane ; titanium foil ; occlusive titanium barrier ; guided bone regeneration ; osteoporotic condition ; xenograft ; bone regeneration ; titanium implants ; additive manufacturing ; reused powder ; unit cell topology ; tissue engineering ; mechanical properties ; stem cells ; surface functionalization ; titanium ; protein adsorption ; surface modifications ; cell interactions ; collagen hydrogel ; cell delivery ; olfactory ectomesenchyme stem cells ; bioactive glasses ; alkali-free ; sol–gel ; bone remodeling ; bone disorders ; biomechanics ; scaffolds ; microenvironment ; 3D bioprinting ; computational modeling ; bone implant ; bone defects ; chitosan ; degree of deacetylation ; bone formation ; X-ray micro CT ; histology ; sheep tibia ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This reprint focuses on the current progress in sports medicine, with a specific interest in surgery, exercise therapy, and multi-disciplinary research. With the advancement of society, more attention is paid to the quality of life, which emphasizes the importance of sports and exercise. Correspondingly, there is a great need for sports medicine. This issue collected novel findings on sports medicine in surgery, conservative therapy, and the application of exercise training in other disorders
    Keywords: shoulder ; rotator cuff ; allografts ; demineralized bone matrix ; biologics ; diabetes mellitus ; aerobic training ; resistance training ; vascular function ; meta-analysis ; femoroacetabular impingement ; hip arthroscopy ; longitudinal capsulotomy ; femoroplasty ; labrum repair ; degenerative lumbar diseases ; albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio ; spinal fusion rate ; prognostic marker ; arterial hypertension ; exercise hypertension ; blood pressure ; exercise testing ; sports injuries ; machine learning ; injury prediction ; sports monitorization ; elite football ; performance ; systemic inflammation ; physical endurance ; physical fitness ; maximal aerobic capacity ; gingivitis ; cardiac rehabilitation ; exercise therapy ; balance exercises ; cardiovascular diseases ; ACLR ; hamstring tendon with preserved tibial insertion ; MRI ; T2 ; cartilage volume ; gait retraining ; running-related injuries ; kinetics ; kinematics ; rehabilitation ; rotator cuff tear ; rotator cuff repair ; bone quality ; osteopenia ; osteoporosis ; anchor pullout ; pullout strength ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Novel Anticancer Strategies (Volume II) reviews important findings and updates within the cancer therapy field of great interest to those in academic research studying the development and validation of novel anticancer approaches. The Editor invited preeminent specialists to contribute to original and review articles devoted to key areas of major progress and expectations. Key Features:Nanoparticle-based drug delivery in cancer therapy;Nanoerythrosomes;Cancer immunotherapy;Therapeutic vaccines;Oncogenic and tumor suppressive components of the cell cycle;Antimitotics in cancer clinical trials;Multifunctional enzymes as anti-cancer drug targets;Targeting undruggable proteins and non-coding RNAs;Cell-penetrating peptides;Repurposed cancer drugs in clinical trials;Circulating tumour cells.
    Keywords: Breast cancer treatment ; Photodynamic therapy ; Inorganic nanoparticles ; Active targeting ; cathepsins ; BAX ; MOMP ; ubiquitination ; apoptosis ; chemotherapy ; cancer ; nanoerythrosome ; nanoerythrocyte ; nanovesicles ; biomimetic ; cancer therapy ; diagnostics ; imaging agents ; cell cycle ; cyclin-dependent kinase ; p16 ; p21 ; p27 ; breast cancer ; prognosis ; drug delivery ; HL60 ; leukemia ; prodrug ; resistance ; retinoic acid ; vitamin K ; drug repurposing ; COVID-19 ; pandemic ; vaccination ; multi-drug resistance ; enhanced permeation and retention effect ; nanotherapeutics ; cancer theranostic ; clinical translation ; cell-penetrating peptides ; protein transduction domains ; tumor imaging ; targeted therapies ; dog ; comparative oncology ; molecular targets ; spheroids ; tumoroids ; hydrogel ; collagen ; agarose ; mammary spheroids ; tissue engineering ; cisplatin ; melanoma ; melanin nanoparticles ; cytotoxicity ; laser medical applications ; hyperthermia ; antimitotics ; mitotic slippage ; spindle assembly checkpoint ; clinical trials ; TRAIL ; cancer stem cells ; TRAIL resistance ; angiogenesis ; on-demand drug delivery systems ; electrospun nanofibers ; poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) ; gold nanorods ; paclitaxel ; β-Cyclodextrin ; SPIONs ; metallodrugs ; RAPTA derivatives ; phosphino-amine ligands ; CTCs ; NSCLCs ; metastasis suppression ; curcumin ; flavonoids ; TNBC ; immunotherapy ; immune checkpoint ; nanocarrier ; combinational immunotherapy ; lung cancer ; miRNA ; oncomiRs ; photodynamic therapy PDT ; porphyrin ; iron oxide nanoparticles ; mesoporous silica nanoparticles ; antibody functionalization ; targeted drug delivery systems ; molecular-targeted therapies ; multifunctional enzymes ; HCC ; CHRNA5 ; metastasis ; stemness property ; sorafenib sensitivity ; neoantigens ; vaccine ; Patched ; chemotherapy resistance ; metastases ; persistent cells ; adrenocortical carcinoma ; BUB3 ; mitosis ; senescence ; anticancer target ; boron neutron capture therapy ; 4-borono-l-phenylalanine ; drug discovery ; solubility ; mebendazole ; polymer ; HPMA ; controlled drug release ; PLK1 ; BI2536 ; Navitoclax ; slippage ; PD-1 ; gemcitabine ; new anti-cancer drugs ; precision medicine ; undruggable targets ; non-coding RNAs ; oligonucleotide therapeutics ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Almost all fields of dentistry are closely related to newly developed materials, and all clinical improvements often follow, or, in any case, go hand in hand with the creation and the development of innovative and higher performing materials, instruments, and equipment. Thanks to contemporary applications of dental materials, the effectiveness of clinical dentistry has made remarkable advances. In recent years, thanks to digital technology and the frenetic development of the dental industry, new materials have been developed and proposed in many fields of dentistry: prosthesis, restorative dentistry, endodontics, implantology, and orthodontics. Unfortunately, as often happens, this productive challenge is not always accompanied by valid scientific research, and consequently the clinician finds new materials at their disposal that are not necessarily better than the old. Further studies are needed to gain relevant evidence for all recently introduced dental materials. This reprint includes research articles, clinical studies, review articles, and case reports focused on the latest advances and prospects of dental materials concerning all fields of dentistry.
    Keywords: MIH ; hypersensitivity ; enamel infiltration ; hypomineralization ; marginal adaptation ; fixed partial denture ; dental technology ; cobalt–chromium alloys ; scanning electron microscopy ; titanium ; dental implants ; hydrophilic ; hydrocarbon ; biological ageing ; UV photofunctionalization ; alveolar bone defects ; guided bone regeneration ; titanium meshes ; customized titanium meshes ; laser melting process ; electron beam melting ; composite restoration ; microleakage ; oblique layering technique ; horizontal layering technique ; composite ; fluorescence ; de-bonding ; residuals ; enamel damage ; orthodontics ; radiolucent sign ; OPG ; CBCT ; third molar ; oral surgery ; periapical sign ; biofilm ; bone healing capacity ; infected gutta-percha ; rat calvarium ; zirconia ; airborne particle abrasion ; femtosecond laser ; flexural strength ; surface roughness ; bond strength ; brackets ; dry ; wet and moistened enamel ; adhesion ; calcium phosphate ; radiation-induced center ; hyperfine interaction ; EDNMR ; ESEEM ; ENDOR ; biomaterial ; bone regeneration ; bone substitute ; dental implant ; octacalcium phosphate ; TiN ion plating ; metal allergy ; orthodontic wire ; micro-implants ; success rate ; insertion ; loading ; biocompatibility ; compliance ; dental material ; restorative material ; glass ionomer ; resin-modified glass ionomer ; pH ; acidity ; oral environment ; dental filling ; dental restoration ; apical negative pressure irrigation ; calcium hydroxide removal ; intracanal medicament ; mechanical activation ; ultrasonic activation ; osseoincorporation ; osseointegration ; trabecular metal ; guided tissue regeneration ; barrier membranes ; allergology ; demineralized dentin matrix ; human demineralized dentin matrix ; human ; bone graft ; FT-MIR ; SEM ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: Robust stress from the external environment does not only induce severe oxidative stress for aquatic animals, but also restricts the health and sustainable development of aquaculture. Oxidative stress is ubiquitous in aquatic animals, and excessive oxidative stress could induce cell and tissue damage. These phenomena manifest primarily as DNA hydroxylation, protein denaturation, lipid peroxidation and cell apoptosis. In general, endogenous and exogenous factors are the main elements that induce oxidative stress, including temperature, oxygen, life history, nutrition, food deprivation, industrial and agricultural pollutants. This Special Issue highlights and discusses the causes of oxidative stress, elucidates the underlying physiological mechanisms, and develops antioxidant resistance strategies that are of great importance for the development of aquaculture. More importantly, this Special Issue offers fresh perspectives on the expanding knowledge related to and research possibilities in the creation of antioxidant resistance in aquaculture
    Keywords: Aquatic animals ; Oxidative stress ; Regulatory mechanism ; Resist approach ; Stress biomarker ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAF Fisheries & related industries
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Perennial woody plants usually face multifactorial adverse conditions during their long lifespan, which impairs their growth and productivity. To cope with these adverse conditions, trees deploy morphyological, physiological and molecular responses to adapt to the environmental constraints. By using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic approaches, many hub genes that are involved in stress response were identified. In recent years, with the advantages of transgenic technology in woody plants, many candidate genes participating in stress responses were functionally characterized and showed great potential for tree improvement under different stresses. On the other hand, cultivation strategies (including beneficial microorganism investigation, beneficial microorganism inoculation, mixed forest and so on) also play crucial roles in tree improvement under abiotic and biotic stress.
    Keywords: Salix matsudana ; NaCl stress ; salt tolerance index ; salt tolerance gene ; transcriptome sequencing ; gene ; water deficit ; fertilization ; aquaporins ; auxin ; abscisic acid ; poplar ; walnut oil ; fatty acid ; micronutrients ; secondary metabolites ; variation ; genetic effect ; climatic factors ; SpsNAC005 gene ; Populus × hopeiensis Hu & Chow ; Salix ; stress tolerance ; Juglans regia ; biomass ; soil contamination ; oxidative stress ; antioxidant enzymes ; Santalum album L. ; auxin response factors ; qRT-PCR ; drought ; phytoremediation ; root architecture ; antioxidant enzyme activity ; chlorophyll ; photosynthesis ; fine-root distribution ; plant-available water ; hydraulic characteristics ; Robinia pseudoacacia ; Loess Plateau ; nitrogen forms ; Cunninghamia lanceolata ; Schima superba ; morphological characteristics of root system ; pecan ; scion growth ; regulation ; epigenetics ; whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) ; mulberry ; MaTCP transcription factor ; drought tolerance ; root development ; transcription factor ; PtrWRKY51 ; salt tolerance ; photosynthetic rate ; water-use efficiency ; Paulownia fortunei ; PP2C family ; identification ; hormone treatment ; expression analysis ; drip fertigation ; optimized furrow fertilization ; soil nitrogen ; fine root traits ; poplar plantation ; Camellia oil ; foliar fertilizer ; nutrient-poor ; physiology ; organ-specific ; secondary metabolism ; transcriptome ; zinc stress ; sexual dimorphism ; siblings ; gene regulation ; ROS scavenging ; Populus × euramericana ; Camellia oleifera ; boron deficiency ; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) ; root morphology ; physiological parameters ; grafting ; salt stress ; gas exchange ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; Hibiscus syriacus Linn. ; Hibiscus hamabo Sieb. et Zucc ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: The oomycete genus Phytophthora represents one of the most notorious groups of tree pathogens in natural and semi-natural forest ecosystems. Since the discovery in the 1960s of the invasive P. cinnamomi, threatening some of the world’s richest plant communities in Australia, numerous Phytophthora diseases have been reported on forest trees worldwide, which were previously unknown to science. The most notable examples include the oak and beech declines triggered by different Phytophthora spp. in Europe and North America, the findings of sudden oak death and sudden larch death caused by P. ramorum in the Western USA and the U.K., respectively, and the association of P. austrocedri with mal del ciprés in Argentina and juniper decline in the U.K. All these epidemic events are driven by exotic invasive Phytophthora species, introduced through infested nursery plants from their native overseas environments. In recent years, many independent surveys have studied the diversity of Phytophthora species and the diseases they are causing across a diverse range of forests and other natural ecosystems. This Special Issue presents papers on Phytophthora surveys performed in different biogeographic regions and addresses the pathways, and ecological and economic impacts of these invasive forest pathogens.
    Keywords: soilborne pathogens ; pathways ; Populus ; Phytophthora plurivora ; Phytophthora pini ; pathogenicity tests ; biomass allocation ; dehesas ; drought ; montados ; oak decline ; plant traits ; root rot ; invasive species ; natural ecosystems ; streams ; vegetation type ; baiting ; ITS region ; leaf decay ; oomycetes ; aquatic fungi ; trophic specialization ; saprotroph ; pathogen ; parasite ; Phytophthora ; diversity ; wild apple forest ; decline ; forest disease monitoring ; holm oak decline ; biosecurity ; breeding systems ; hybridization ; Phytophthora cinnamomi ; biogeography ; center of origin ; GLMM ; tree mortality ; root rot. ; plantation ; open forests ; Phytophthora ×cambivora ; bark canker ; ectomycorrhiza ; cork oak ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: Various molecular techniques based on omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics) and phylogenetics have been applied in biological sciences. Molecular dynamics and approaches evolved over time into various quantitative tools that allow researchers from multiple disciplines to design different studies. The molecular-based techniques can be comprehensive and systematic, as they allow identification, resolve genetic differences, molecular docking, and prediction models of ecological niches and taxonomic ranks. Investigating genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques utilize a novel class of DNA elements, such as microsatellites from mitochondria and chloroplast and retrotransposons, resulting in genetic variations using molecular data. In addition to this, the advantages and limitations of molecular approaches have been well studied and acknowledged. The combination of molecular phylogenetic and omics techniques and expression and pathways analysis may greatly increase our capacity to understand and develop new molecular mechanisms and stress responses in biological systems. Furthermore, these techniques offer extensive opportunities for researchers to develop targeted therapy approaches and disease diagnoses using molecular data. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how data from diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies. The study and applications of molecular approaches hold significant potential for advancing genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques in biological sciences.
    Keywords: autophagy-related protein ; degradation ; ubiquitin ; proteasome ; autophagy ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; Cry toxin ; nematicidal activity ; pore-formation ; diabetes ; vaccines ; clinical trials ; insulin ; GLP ; nitric oxide ; antioxidants ; metal-stress related transcripts ; rice ; Pb-stress ; Aurisin A ; beta-cyclodextrins ; inclusion complex ; lung cancer ; ruxolitinib ; JAK inhibitor ; rheumatoid arthritis ; molecular modeling ; TOR ; photosynthesis ; cell growth ; AZD8055 ; Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa ; ovarian cancer ; somatic BRCA mutational status ; digital pathology ; machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; super-secondary structure ; 3β-corner ; folding nuclei ; structure stability ; H Ferritin subunit ; PRDX6 ; protein-protein interaction ; seed-specific transcription factors ; signaling pathways ; seed size ; seed development ; juvenile idiopathic arthritis ; transcriptome-wide association study ; gene-based association analysis ; enrichment analysis ; gene regulatory network ; computational cancer biology ; precision medicine ; oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) ; data bank ; AlphaFold 2.0 ; graph neural network ; protein features ; nasopharyngeal carcinoma ; bioinformatics ; genes ; melon ; CmSUN ; IQ67 domain ; expression analysis ; overexpression phenotype ; fruit shape regulation ; protein interaction ; smooth muscle titin ; protein aggregates ; amyloid aggregation ; amyloids ; cross-β ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-11-30
    Description: Childhood cancer or pediatric cancer is one of the leading causes of death among children. Treatment strategies for pediatric cancers include chemotherapy, surgery, radiation, and stem cell transplantation. These therapeutic regimens are well known to develop highly toxic and long-lasting side-effects including secondary cancers in the future lifespan of pediatric patients. Despite these intensive therapeutic regimens, cancer may still relapse as refractory and metastatic cancer. Therefore, further understanding the causes of different pediatric cancers, mechanisms of drug-resistance, and causes of relapse and metastasis is required for developing and advancing less toxic and more effective therapeutic strategies for pediatric cancers. Recent advancements in immunotherapies and targeted therapeutic approaches using pharmacological inhibitors are one step in this direction.In this Special Issue of Cancers, authors contributed original research and review articles focusing on different aspects of pediatric cancer development, causes, maintenance, and therapeutic strategies. The collected articles in this Special Issue will further enhance our knowledge and understanding of pediatric cancers and drive the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
    Keywords: infections ; cancer ; children ; bacteremia ; pneumonia ; sarcoma ; solid tumor ; outcome ; KI67 ; EZRIN ; 18F-FDG PET/CT ; random forest ; radiogenomics ; chemotherapy response ; metastasis ; serine-threonine kinase receptor-associated protein ; neuroblastoma ; CRISPR-Cas9 ; metronomic chemotherapy ; maintenance therapy ; high-risk ; Ewing sarcoma ; RNA-binding proteins ; regulation network ; prognosis prediction ; risk model ; melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy ; inoperable ; metastatic ; recurrent ; chemotherapy ; adjuvant ; neoadjuvant ; systemic treatment ; childhood malignant bone tumors ; survivorship ; late effects ; somatic disease ; cohort study ; rhabdomyosarcoma ; targeted therapies ; cell surface proteomics ; B7-H3 ; stress ; allostasis ; stress regulatory pathways ; stress dysregulation ; stress reactivity ; early life stress ; childhood cancer ; cytotoxic cancer treatment ; interventions ; ependymoma ; risk stratification ; molecular group ; prognosis ; nephroblastoma ; clinical malformations ; cancer predisposition syndromes ; tumor surveillance ; n/a ; DSRCT ; EWSR1-WT1 ; preclinical model ; in vitro model ; pediatric cancer ; pediatric ; brain ; tumor ; medulloblastoma ; glioma ; natural products ; drug discovery ; fungal secondary metabolites ; soil microbes ; RH30 ; RD ; EZH2 ; epigenetic ; EPZ005687 ; DZNep ; AdOx ; malignant rhabdoid tumor ; hepatoblastoma ; small cell undifferentiated (SCUD) hepatoblastoma ; SMARCB1 ; INI1 ; pediatric liver tumors ; drug repurposing ; PI3K pathway ; epigenetics ; Fimepinostat ; LPAR1 ; LPA ; tumor metastasis ; bioinformatics analysis ; ulixertinib ; ERK inhibition ; combination therapy ; c-Myc/N-Myc ; cell differentiation ; ATRA ; SOX4 ; diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma ; immunotherapy ; immune microenvironment ; immune checkpoint inhibitor ; vaccine ; oncolytic virus ; myeloid sarcoma ; chloroma ; acute myeloid leukemia ; pediatric cancers ; VIPN ; DIC ; MDR ; drug transporters ; childhood acute leukemia ; early complication ; hyperleukocytosis ; risk factor ; survival outcome ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJC Diseases & disorders::MJCL Oncology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like endometrial cells, glands, and stroma outside the uterus, causing a strong inflammatory-like microenvironment in the affected tissue. The exact prevalence of endometriosis is unknown, but estimates range from 2%–10% of women of reproductive age, to 50% of infertile women. Its etiopathogenesis of endometriosis still remains controversial—immune, hormonal, genetic, and epigenetic factors may be all involved, and several theories have been proposed to explain it.This book aims to summarize recent ground-breaking studies that may open new scenarios and change the perspective of the topic, including cutting-edge elements about diagnosis, pharmacologic and surgical treatments, as well as basic/translational science (immunology, cell biology, genetics, and epigenetics) pieces of evidence, to unravel new pathways to follow for the future diagnosis and management of endometriosis, and to improve our current knowledge of its aetiology.
    Keywords: BTG1 ; endometriosis ; human endometrial stromal cells ; endometrium ; uterus ; purinergic signaling ; ATP ; pathogenesis ; genetics ; epigenetics ; immunology ; ion channels ; etiology ; CFTR ; aquaporin ; chloride channels ; biomarker ; angiogenesis ; cytokines ; urinary biomarkers ; genetic polymorphisms ; SNPs ; aetiology ; Mediterranean population ; Sardinian population ; peritoneal fluid ; microenvironment ; precision medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 90
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This Special Issue focuses on the current state of pharmacogenomics (PGx) and the extensive translational process, including the identification of functionally important PGx variation; the characterization of PGx haplotypes and metabolizer statuses, their clinical interpretation, clinical decision support, and the incorporation of PGx into clinical care.
    Keywords: pharmacogenomics ; return of results ; genetic counseling ; qualitative ; pharmacogenetics ; implementation ; pharmacogenetics service ; screening ; pre-emptive ; personalized medicine ; precision medicine ; community pharmacy ; pharmacogenomic testing ; genetic privacy ; pharmaco-economics ; polymorphisms ; pharmacogenes ; pharmacogenomic ; machine learning ; adaptation ; human evolution ; US Food and Drug Administration ; clinical actionability ; clinical translation ; chronic kidney disease ; CYP3A5 ; polymorphism ; progression ; pharmacogenomics (PGx) ; pediatrics ; best practice alerts (BPAs) ; electronic health records (EHR) ; genomic indicators ; clinical decision support (CDS) ; phenotype ; genotype ; polypharmacy ; chronic disease ; medication management ; electronic medical record ; artificial intelligence ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology
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  • 91
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The direction of fiber orientation plays a crucial role in deciding the mechanical performance of textile structural composites. Unlike conventional composite materials, geometrically oriented textile structures, e.g., woven, knitted, and braided constructions, can be designed and developed for load bearing in a particular direction. Their properties can be enhanced by modifying the geometry and material composition. One major challenge in producing textile structural composites with superior mechanical properties at a reasonably lower price is cost effective prepreg. Composites constructed from reinforcement having a well-defined geometry perform better than randomly oriented fibers at a reasonable cost. Their flex fatigue is superior to conventional preforms in specific applications. This Special Issue invites research as well as review articles dealing with different types of (2D, 3D, multiaxial) woven, knitted, and braided structures for load bearing structural composite applications. Use of industrial multifilament yarns of pure and hybrid composition in textile geometrical reinforcement structures can also be included. The methods of impregnation of such structures by thermoplastic and thermoset resins should be described. The superior performance in such structural composites must be highlighted. Methods of characterizing woven, knitted, and braided textile reinforced composites is the focus of this issue. Current and future applications of advanced textile structural composites can be summarized in the submitted articles. Theoretical (computational, numerical simulation etc.) as well as experimental work can be submitted with sufficient scientific innovation.
    Keywords: hybrid composite ; polyester waste fiber ; olive root fiber ; coir pith filler ; building materials ; mixture design analysis ; recycled cotton ; glass ; hollow knitted composite ; compression ; flexural modulus ; impact energy ; quasi-static test ; cyclic fatigue ; wavy-lap bond ; natural cotton fabric ; polymer composite ; mechanical properties ; service life ; safety ; SEM ; pressure-actuated cellular structure ; shape morphing ; compliant mechanism ; anisotropic flexure hinges ; textile-reinforced polymer composite ; integrally woven structure ; resin ; glass cloth ; substrate ; glass transition temperature ; surface finish ; pad cratering ; thermal resistance ; textile structural composite ; 3D weaving ; hollow structure ; spacer fabric ; woven honeycomb ; sandwich ; waste cotton ; impact ; flexural rigidity ; hybrid woven reinforcement ; preforming ; carbon-Kevlar ; epoxy resin ; add-on (%) ; amount of hardener (%) ; curing temperature ; curing time ; molding pressure ; fiber composites ; FRP ; architecture ; architectured materials ; hysteresis ; auxetic ; non-Newtonian fluids ; low-velocity impact ; personal protection ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
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  • 92
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: The researchers involved in this reprint will continue their studies to improve the existent dental biomaterials in order to achieve optimal dental treatment with biocompatible, bioactive, and stable properties. As the Guest Editors, we sincerely value and thank the reviewers for their insightful comments and the support of the team at Bioengineering. Finally, we express our gratitude to all contributing authors for their valuable research. Altogether, the 16 research papers/reviews in this Special Issue entitled "Recent Advances in Biomaterials and Dental Disease" reflect the importance of in vitro and in vivo studies for improving the efficacy of using biomaterials in dental treatment.
    Keywords: adhesion ; bonding ; dental porcelain ; glass ceramics ; orthodontic bracket ; shear strength ; aligner ; cytotoxicity ; estrogenicity ; invisalign ; monomer ; retainer ; 3D resin ; endodontic sealer ; polyphenols ; resveratrol ; pyrogallol ; biological activity ; piezoelectric surgery ; endodonticsurgery ; crack formation ; ultrasonic tip ; retropreparation ; antibacterial effect ; dental impressions ; disinfectant agents ; disinfection ; oral bacteria ; implant periapical lesion ; implant failure ; peri-implantitis ; endodontic surgery ; complication ; retreatment procedure ; filling materials removal ; revision system ; sonic activation ; oval-shaped canal ; decontamination ; lithium disilicate ; resin ; saliva ; shear bond strength ; crowns ; fixed prosthodontics ; resin composite ; survival ; bond strength ; contact angle ; dentin ; desensitizers ; resin cements ; 3D printing ; digital light processing ; interim crown ; in vivo study ; wear ; endodontists ; general practicing dentists ; root canal treatment ; quality ; undergraduate students ; traumatic dental injury ; tooth fracture ; adhesive reattachment ; pulp ; regeneration ; revitalization ; transplant ; root ; maxillary premolars ; upper premolars ; canal ; root canal anomalies ; anatomical variations ; root morphology ; coneless ; MEA technique ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 93
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is an incurable connective tissue disease with an unclear etiology characterized by vasculopathy, dysregulation of the immune response, and progressive tissue fibrosis affecting the skin, lungs, digestive tract, heart, and kidneys. The collection of six original research manuscripts and five review articles included in this book highlights the most recent advances in this field and provides further elucidation of the pathogenesis, natural disease course, and treatment of this challenging disease.
    Keywords: heat shock protein 90 ; systemic sclerosis ; established dermal fibrosis ; treatment ; pathogenesis ; epigenetic mechanisms ; miRNAs ; calcinosis cutis ; bisphosphonates ; pamidronate ; autoimmune connective tissue diseases ; dermatomyositis ; immune cells ; anti-inflammatory ; therapy ; fibrosis ; interleukin-6 ; Tocilizumab ; pulmonary fibrosis ; interstitial lung disease ; progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease ; lung function ; body mass index ; clinical trial ; metabolomics ; LC-MS/MS ; ion mobility ; kynurenine pathway ; urea cycle ; lipids ; gut dysbiosis ; pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) ; biomarkers ; miRNA ; complement ; myofibroblasts ; macitentan ; cough ; pulmonary hypertension ; predictors of treatment response ; autoreactive B cells ; autoantibodies ; rituximab ; aptamers ; Seldeg ; n/a ; mixed connective tissue disease ; systemic lupus erythematosus ; Sjögren’s syndrome ; rheumatoid arthritis ; idiopathic inflammatory myopathy ; national delphi consensus ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 94
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In this special issue of Diagnostics, expert contributors have produced up-to-date research studies and reviews on various topics related to the diagnosis of dementia and cognitive impairment. The methods of the assessments discussed extend from simple neurological signs, which may be elicited in the clinical encounter, through cognitive screening instruments, to sophisticated analyses of neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of disease. It is hoped that these various methods may facilitate earlier diagnosis of dementia and its subtypes, and provide differential diagnosis of depression and functional cognitive disorders, as a prelude to meaningful interventions.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; screening ; MoCA ; neurodegeneration ; accuracy ; frontotemporal dementia ; cognitive assessment ; Free-Cog ; molecular imaging ; Alzheimer’s ; standardised mini-mental state examination ; decision tree ; differential diagnosis depression vs. MCI/dementia ; computerized cognitive assessment ; quantification ; Alzheimer’s disease ; functional cognitive disorder ; diagnosis ; Triple Test ; diagnostic imaging ; neurocognitive disorder ; feasibility ; TYM-MCI ; amyloid ; cerebrospinal fluid ; dementia ; precision medicine ; Mini-Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination ; memory ; depression in old age ; quick mild cognitive impairment screen ; cognition ; nuclear medicine ; TYM ; Rapid Cognitive Screen ; 18F-FDG ; functional neurological disorder cognition ; stroke ; sensitivity and specificity ; Codex ; mortality ; mild cognitive impairment ; cognitive screening instruments ; cognitive impairment ; aging ; SKT (Syndrom-Kurztest) ; PET ; executive function ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 95
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: This reprint focuses on recent advances in the clinical care of patients with acute and chronic coronary syndromes. We must accumulate novel scientific and clinical knowledge in this field to develop seamless treatments and preventive strategies for this patient population. Furthermore, accumulated data have implicated that there are some residual risk factors for coronary syndromes, and the clinical management of cardiovascular/non-cardiovascular complications associated with coronary syndromes is also a critical concern. We hope that this reprint will facilitate the management of future patients with coronary syndromes; however, further research is still required. It is also our hope that this reprint will promote future research to enable a better understanding of the clinical practice of coronary syndromes.
    Keywords: statin ; myocardial infarction ; renal function ; coronary CT angiography ; subtraction ; fractional flow reserve ; coronary artery disease ; Agatston score ; uric acid ; endothelial function ; ischemic heart disease ; ischemia with no obstructive coronary artery disease ; angioplasty ; drug-eluting stents ; non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction ; multivessel disease ; acute coronary syndrome ; chronic coronary syndrome ; xanthine oxidoreductase ; coronary artery spasm ; gender differences ; vasospastic angina ; microvascular spasm ; microvascular vasodilatory function ; high coronary thrombus burden ; tissue plasminogen activator ; catheter-directed thrombolysis ; olmesartan ; amlodipine ; rosuvastatin ; single pill combination ; phase III clinical trial ; computed tomography ; computed tomography perfusion ; myocardial perfusion abnormality ; aspirin ; clopidogrel ; prasugrel ; P2Y12 inhibitor ; bleeding ; nitrate ; vasodilator ; biomarker ; mortality ; risk-score model ; n/a ; NGAL ; contrast-induced acute kidney injury ; percutaneous coronary intervention ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MJ Clinical & internal medicine::MJD Cardiovascular medicine
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: ca. 200 words; this text will present the book in all promotional forms (e.g. flyers). Please describe the book in straightforward and consumer-friendly terms. This Special Issue gathers eight research articles covering a broad range of strategies on how to combat spinal cord injuries, from searching for therapeutic target molecules, tackling inflammatory reactions, utilizing cell therapy or cell-based products, combined strategies for axonal plasticity assessment, and prevention of post-surgical epidural adhesions. Moreover, four reviews cover recent findings about the role of stress-activated protein kinases in SCI; progress in stem cell therapies; the mechanisms and benefits of activity-based physical rehabilitation therapies with adjuvant testosterone; and, finally, translational regenerative therapies for chronic spinal cord injury.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RM1-950 ; spinal cord injury ; neuroinflammation ; cell therapy ; transcriptomics ; cytokines ; hydrogels ; p38. ; neuronal regeneration ; extracellular matrix ; epidural adhesions ; neuroplasticity ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 97
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: In higher mammals, including primates and carnivores, the asymmetrical aspects of brain morphology and function have been shown to be species-related, sex-related, and subject to individual diversity, and are associated with cognition, emotion, language, preference of hand/paw use, and numerous other aspects. Disturbance of the brain lateralization is involved in human neurodevelopmental disorders with cognitive impairments, social deficits, and/or specific language impairments. Asymmetric development may be essential to the evolution of the brain in acquiring higher and/or more diverse functions. The purpose of this Special Issue on “Brain Asymmetry in Evolution” is to highlight morphological and functional lateralization of the brain in various species of mammals toward understanding the evolution of the brain.
    Keywords: oxyhemoglobin level ; state anxiety ; task performance ; heart rate ; human ; asymmetry ; sex difference ; MRI ; volumetry ; cerebellum ; ferret ; lateralization ; side bias ; fish ; methodological artefacts ; symmetry ; non-human primate ; Old World monkey ; evolution ; evolutionary expansion ; gyrification ; structural asymmetry ; language laterality ; topological data analysis ; persistent homology ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAN Neurosciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: This reprint is the result of a Special Issue, which took place in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) during 2022-2023. The general topic of the reprint discusses the different uses, protection and promotion of food, always from a broad perspective, through 15 innovative research papers, from both qualitative and quantitative methodological approaches.
    Keywords: health ; values and preferences ; red meat ; processed meat ; cross-sectional study ; mixed methods ; explanatory sequential ; survey ; food consumption ; well-being ; dietary patterns ; sustainable consumption ; consumer behaviour ; food well-being ; subjective well-being ; social influence ; food choice ; climate-friendly eating ; social media ; political consumerism ; children’s health ; functional diversity ; commensality ; self-esteem ; shame ; loneliness ; aquaculture ; food heritage ; carp ; consumer preferences of Young Adult Populations ; marketing place ; sustainability ; consumer attitudes ; organic food ; consumer behavior ; sustainable food ; food surveys ; food change ; food policies ; sociology of food ; obesity ; edible insects ; alternative proteins ; planetary health ; systematic review ; gastronomic routes ; Iberian ham ; olive oil ; wine ; Córdoba ; ARIMA ; food ; gastronomic tourism ; social media data ; outdoor dining environment preference ; rural restaurants ; human-oriented ; rural sustainable development ; food label ; consumer purchase intention ; attitude ; food delivery app ; online food delivery ; online-to-offline (O2O) ; COVID-19 ; post-pandemic ; thematic review ; food preferences ; entomophagy ; nutrition surveys ; food neophobia ; cultural domains ; pile sorts ; food risk ; trust ; distrust ; pregnancy ; breastfeeding ; prehabilitation ; ERAS ; endometrial cancer ; surgery ; protein supplementation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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  • 99
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: This Special Issue provides an overview of pediatric integrative medicine, an emerging field that blends conventional and evidence based complementary therapies with an emphasis on preventive health and wellbeing.
    Keywords: R5-920 ; RJ1-570 ; cognitive behavioral therapy ; pain rehabilitation ; n/a ; education ; pediatric integrative medicine ; musical therapy ; mind-body ; non-pharmacological therapy ; guided imagery ; complementary ; infant ; pediatric ; multidisciplinary pain management strategies ; integrative medicine ; qualitative ; advocacy ; clinic model ; massage ; obesity ; Kneipp ; multidisciplinary ; adolescents ; mindfulness ; sucrose ; program development ; vision ; complementary therapies ; residents ; art therapy ; pastoral care ; academic medicine ; kindergarten ; yoga ; assessment of withdrawal ; clinical practice ; pediatric integrative nursing ; eHealth ; mindful eating ; opioid reduction therapy ; burnout ; resilience ; pediatric blood and marrow transplant ; preventive lifestyle behaviors ; biofeedback ; pain ; migraine ; Integrative therapies ; creative arts therapy ; weaning of opioids ; implementation ; yoga therapy ; mindfulness-based stress reduction ; withdrawal ; music therapy ; hypnosis ; acupuncture ; premature ; chronic illness ; meditation ; pediatrics ; skin-to-skin contact ; opioid therapy ; self-regulation ; headache ; PIMR ; breastfeeding ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine
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  • 100
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-08
    Description: The delivery of genome sequences for most livestock species over the past 10–15 years has generated the potential to revolutionise livestock production globally, by providing farmers with the ability to match individual animals to rapidly changing climates, production systems and markets. Initially, technologies such as marker-assisted selection, functional genomics, gene expression, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics were hailed as technologies with the greatest promise of delivering on that potential. To date, however, their potential for the delivery of practical solutions for livestock farmers is still to be realised, though they do provide supportive evidence of value to other approaches. Gene editing using tools such as CRISPR-Cas9 also show strong promise, but face regulatory hurdles before practical applications can be delivered for use by farmers. The technology that has had the greatest impact to date is genomic selection. This year marks 20 years since genomic selection was developed by Meuwissen, Hayes and Goddard (Genetics, 2001, 157: 1819-1829) and genomic selection has been successfully applied in livestock, plants and even human health applications. However, genomic selection also faces ongoing limitations around lack of essential phenotypes, particularly for expensive or difficult-to-measure traits and possibly the need for faster/greater computational capacity. It is therefore timely to examine the impact of genomic technologies generally, and to identify successes and limitations that need to be overcome in order to achieve practical applications for livestock producers in future.
    Keywords: DNA pooling ; parentage ; reproduction ; genomic relationship ; genomic prediction ; genomic selection ; smallholder farmers ; beef and dairy cattle ; sheep and goats ; phenotypes ; reference populations ; capacity-building ; value of genomic information ; OTUD7A ; goose ; inflammation ; immune ; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ; high density genotyping ; imputation ; sequencing ; reference population ; ssGBLUP ; ssGTBLUP ; genomic evaluation ; single-step ; Holstein ; genetic groups ; metafounder ; positive selection ; adaptive introgression ; runs of homozygosity ; haplotype ; cattle ; bursa of Fabricius ; development ; degradation ; chicken ; transcriptomic analysis ; genotype by environment ; breeding strategies ; selection index ; response ; circRNAs ; DPCs ; cashmere goats ; HOXC8 ; RSPO1 ; CCBE1 ; implementation ; strategy ; beef cattle ; tropical environments ; crossbreeding ; within-breed selection ; productive traits ; resistance to environmental stressors ; breed conservation ; causal variants ; linkage disequilibrium ; quantitative trait loci ; fertility ; heritability ; genetic evaluation ; variance components ; index selection ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Language: English
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