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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Ein kurzer Abriß der paläobotanischen Forschungsgeschichte des saarpfälzischen Rotliegenden wird gegeben; ein Überblick über ältere Bestandsaufnahmen saarpfälzischer Rotliegendfloren schließt sich an. Einige der von Weiss (1868, 1869 bis 1872) und Florin (1938-1945) angegebenen Fundorte wurden in die von Boy & Fichter (1982) publizierte neue lithostratigraphische Gliederung des saarpfälzischen Rotliegenden eingestuft; ihre Floreninhalte sind aufgelistet. Sämtliche den Verfassern bekannte bzw. bekannnt gewordenen, heute noch zugänglichen Pflanzenlagerstätten sind ebenfalls in das Schema von Boy & Fichter (1982) stratigraphisch eingestuft worden, und ihre Floreninhalte sind in Tabellen angegeben. Zusätzlich wird eine aktualisierte Florenliste zu der (seit längerem bearbeiteten) Lokalität Sobernheim geliefert. Im Tafelteil werden die wichtigsten Florenelemente des saarpfälzischen Rotliegenden abgebildet, der Begleittext behandelt Fragen der Taxonomie und Nomenklatur.
    Description: Abstract: The history of palaeobotanical investigations on the Rotliegendes of the Saar-Nahe area is briefly summarized. A review of previous inventories is given. A new lithostratigraphical subdivision of the Rotliegendes of the Saar-Nahe area was published by Boy & Fichter (1982). The stratigraphical positions of some of the localities mentioned by Weiss (1868, 1869-1872) and Florin (1938-1945) could be determined within this scheme. Their floral content is listed on tables. The occurrences of plant remains in a large number of localities, distributed over several lithostratigraphical units, are shown on tables. All the plant localities known to the authors, most of them still being accessible, are included. An updated list of the plant taxa of the locality Sobernheim is given separately. The most characteristic plant taxa are illustrated, some remarks on problems on taxonomy and nomenclature are included.
    Description: 1. Einleitung 2. Zur Geschichte der paläobotanischen Forschung im saarpfälzischen Rotliegenden 3. Altere Bestandsaufnahmen saarpfälzischer Rotliegendfloren 4. Bemerkungen zu den Fundorten und Fundschichten 5. Stratigraphische und geographische Verbreitung der saarpfälzischen Rotliegendfloren 5.1. Unterrotliegendes 5.2. Oberrotliegendes Tabellen 1-19 Schriften Verzeichnis der Tafeln Tafeln 1-42
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:561 ; Rotliegend ; Saar-Nahe-Becken ; Paläobotanik
    Language: German
    Type: doc-type:article , publishedVersion
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-06-24
    Description: Die Verbreitung der basaltischen Gesteine im Bereich des Pfahlberges wurde geologisch kartiert. Die verschiedenen Gesteinstypen werden detailliert beschrieben. Die geomagnetische Untersuchung des basaltischen Körpers wird an Hand von 7 Profilen erläutert. Mit Hilfe der Geomagnetik wurden einerseits die Ergebnisse der geologischen Kartierung bestätigt, zum anderen konnte eine Fortsetzung des Basaltes unter jüngerer Löß- und Bimsbedeckung nachgewiesen werden. Die Genese des Pfahlberges wird diskutiert. Der Basalt ist vermutlich vorwiegend als Lavastrom ausgetreten. Teilweise ist er lagergangartig zwischen seinen Tuff und das devonische Grundgebirge eingedrungen.
    Description: Abstract: The distribution of the basaltic rocks within the region of the Pfahlberg was mapped geologically. The different rock types are described in detail. The geomagnetical investigation of the basaltic knob is illustrated by seven cross-sections. By support of the geomagnetics the results of the geological mapping are verified. It was also possible to prove the continuation of the basalt below the younger cover of loess and pumice. The genesis of the Pfahlberg is discussed. Probably the basalt is especially flown out as a lava river. Partly it is intruded dikelike between its tuff and the devonian basement.
    Description: 1. Einleitung 2. Lage und Morphologie des Pfahlberges 3. Geologischer Überblick 4. Vulkanismus im Westerwald 5. Basaltvorkommen des Pfahlberges 5.1. Pyroklastische Gesteine 5.2. Basalt-Gesteine 6. Geomagnetische Untersuchungen6 7. Genese des Pfahlberges
    Description: research
    Keywords: ddc:554.3 ; Rheinisches Schiefergebirge ; Westerwald ; TK 5511 ; Geomagnetik ; Vulkanismus ; Quartär
    Language: German
    Type: doc-type:article , publishedVersion
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.12
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Call number: 9781107306189 (e-book)
    Description / Table of Contents: "The Earth is a dynamic system. Internal processes, together with external gravitational forces of the Sun, Moon and planets, displace the Earth's mass, impacting on its shape, rotation and gravitational field. Doug Smylie provides a rigorous overview of the dynamical behaviour of the solid Earth, explaining the theory and presenting methods for numerical implementation. Topics include advanced digital analysis, earthquake displacement fields, Free Core Nutations observed by the Very Long Baseline Interferometric technique, translational modes of the solid inner core observed by the superconducting gravimeters, and dynamics of the outer fluid core. This book is supported by freeware computer code, available online for students to implement the theory. Online materials also include a suite of graphics generated from the numerical analysis, combined with 100 graphic examples in the book to make this an ideal tool for researchers and graduate students in the fields of geodesy, seismology and solid earth geophysics"--
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XII, 543 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Edition: Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest, 2015. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest affiliated libraries.
    ISBN: 9781107306189
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Preface and acknowledgments The book website www.cambridge.org/smylie 1 Introduction and theoretical background 1.1 Scalar, vector and tensor analysis 1.2 Separation of vector fields 1.3 Vector spherical harmonics 1.4 Elasticity theory 1.5 Linear algebraic systems 1.6 Interpolation and approximation 2 Time sequence and spectral analysis 2.1 Time domain analysis 2.2 Linear optimum Wiener filters 2.3 Frequency domain analysis 2.4 Fourier series and transforms 2.5 Power spectral density estimation 2.6 Maximum entropy spectral analysis 3 Earth deformations 3.1 Equilibrium equations 3.2 The reciprocal theorem of Betti 3.3 Radial equations: spheroidal and torsional 3.4 Dynamical equations 3.5 Solutions near the geocentre 3.6 Numerical integration of the radial equations 3.7 Fundamental, regular solutions in the inner core 4 Earth's rotation: observations and theory 4.1 Reference frames 4.2 Polar motion and wobble 4.3 The dynamics of polar motion and wobble 4.4 Nutation and motion of the celestial pole 5 Earth's figure and gravitation 5.1 Historical development 5.2 External gravity and figure 5.3 Equilibrium theory of the internal figure 5.4 Gravity coupling 6 Rotating fluids and the outer core 6.1 The inertial wave equation 6.2 Dynamics of the fluid outer core 6.3 Scaling of the core equations 6.4 Compressibility and density stratification 7 The subseisniic equation and boundary conditions 7.1 The subseismic wave equation 7.2 Deformation of the shell and inner core 8 Variational methods and core modes 8.1 A subseismic variational principle 8.2 Representation of the functional 8.3 Finite element support functions 8.4 Boundary conditions and constraints 8.5 Numerical implementation and results 8.6 Rotational splitting and viscosity 8.7 A viscosity profile for the outer core 9 Static deformations and dislocation theory 9.1 The elasticity theory of dislocations 9.2 The theory for realistic Earth models 9.3 Changes in the inertia tensor and the secular polar shift Appendix A Elementary results from vector analysis A.1 Vector identities A.2 Vector calculus identities A.3 Integral theorems Appendix B Properties of Legendre functions B.1 Recurrence relations B.2 Evaluation of Legendre functions Appendix C Numerical Earth models C.1 The Earth models References Fortran index Subject index
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: Large igneous provinces (LIP) are vast (0.2 to 〉1 Mkm3) outpourings of basaltic lava and voluminous intrusions of magmas that have had important environmental consequences, in many cases leading to immense greenhouse gas release and mass extinctions. Magmatic oxygen fugacity (fO2) influences the chemistry of volcanic gases and is an important parameter for examining the links between LIP eruptions and environmental change. To constrain the fO2 of LIP magmas, we report olivine elemental chemistry of 399 crystals from a set of fifteen olivine-rich LIP samples, spanning in age from the Proterozoic (∼1270 Ma) to the Miocene (∼17 Ma). Concentrations of V in olivine are used to show that mafic LIP lavas erupted at +1.20 ± 0.95 ΔFMQ, on average more oxidized than mid ocean ridge basalts (MORB) at −0.28 ± 0.28 ΔFMQ. Mafic LIP magmas show a much larger range than MORB, however. Additionally, fO2 shows a negative correlation with parental magma MgO content, with high MgO lavas approaching the MORB range. This correlation is likely due to sampling of a heterogeneous mixture of oxidized and reduced lithologies, as also sampled by ocean island basalts (OIB). Correlation between fO2 and isotopic ratios such as 143Nd/144Nd demonstrates that the oxidized endmember is geochemically enriched, and may result from subduction recycling of oxidized surficial materials. The high fO2 of primitive LIP magmas demonstrate that they largely emitted oxidized gases during eruption, and furthermore, that LIP magmas associated with mass extinctions have similar magmatic fO2 to those that are not. Global plate tectonic position, magnitude and duration of LIP volcanic eruptions and magmatic degassing, as well as interaction with sedimentary basins in the crust - but not mantle source fO2 - are likely to be the critical factors for whether a LIP was associated with a mass extinction.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
    facet.materialart.
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    In:  IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: Analysis and identifying the displacement characteristics play a key role in timely monitoring and detecting the physical responses of the bridge to ensure the safety of the human and structure. Many previous kinds of research used GNSS data to identify displacement and oscillation modelling of the bridge with different algorithms. This study uses GNSS time-series data to determine linear displacement and model oscillation of the bridge using a procedure including filtering outliers, linear regression, and sin function to identify amplitude in three directions, the plane displacement velocity, spatial displacement velocity, and vibration model of the bridge. The data in the research in the GNSS time-series data from three P5 GNSS receivers of the CHC brand on the Dachongyong bridge in Nanning, China with 1646 observations, at one-hour sample intervals in 68 consecutive days. The plane and spatial velocity of the three points DCQ01, DCQ02, and DCQ03 is 0.0181 mm/h, 0.0185 mm/h; 0.0114 mm/h, 0.0173 mm/h; and 0.0071 mm/h, 0.0082 mm/h respectively. The study results are significant in analyzing and identifying the bridge's displacement characteristics.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: Double seismic zones (DSZs) are a feature of some subducting slabs, where intermediate-depth earthquakes (~70–300 km) align along two separate planes. The upper seismic plane is generally attributed to dehydration embrittlement, whereas mechanisms forming the lower seismic plane are still debated. Thermal conductivity of slab minerals is expected to control the temperature evolution of subducting slabs, and therefore their seismicity. However, effects of the potential anisotropic thermal conductivity of layered serpentine minerals with crystal preferred orientation on slab’s thermal evolution remain poorly understood. Here we measure the lattice thermal conductivity of antigorite, a hydrous serpentine mineral, along its crystallographic b- and c-axis at relevant high pressure-temperature conditions of subduction. We find that antigorite’s thermal conductivity along the c-axis is ~3–4 folds smaller than the b-axis.Our numericalmodels further reveal thatwhen the lowthermal-conductivity c-axis is aligned normal to the slab dip, antigorite’s strongly anisotropic thermal conductivity enables heating at the top portion of the slab, facilitating dehydration embrittlement that causes the seismicity in the upper plane of DSZs. Potentially, the antigorite’s thermal insulating effect also hinders the dissipation of frictional heat inside shear zones, promoting thermal runaway along serpentinized faults that could trigger intermediatedepth earthquakes.
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: Tourmaline is common in rare element pegmatites of the Nb-Y-F (NYF) type in the south-central part of the Proterozoic Sveconorwegian orogen in southern Norway. In the global context, however, tourmaline appears rare in this type of pegmatite. This study aims to explain the unusual tourmaline abundance in these pegmatites and the origin of boron (B) in the respective melts, and to raise awareness of tourmaline in NYF pegmatites generally. Tourmalines from six pegmatites in three Sveconorwegian lithotectonic units: Bamble, Kongsberg and Idefjorden, were investigated in terms of their mineral chemistry and δ11B values, in addition to bulk rock analyses of pegmatites and host rocks. Tourmalines in pegmatites from Bamble and Kongsberg record B isotopic compositions (δ11B = -1.0 to + 9.9 ‰) that are heavy relative to continental crust and mantle sources. In contrast, tourmaline in pegmatites and host rocks from Idefjorden have light B isotopic ratios (δ11B = -14.8 to −12.5 ‰) that are typical crustal values. We suggest that the latter melts were sourced from orthogneisses at depth. We relate the heavy B isotopic composition of Bamble and Kongsberg pegmatites to regional Na-metasomatism by fluids sourced from Mesoproterozoic shallow marine sediments. This is supported by previously published δ11B ratios from metasomatized Bamble host rocks. The spatial association of pegmatites with Na-metasomatism in the basement rocks suggests that metasomatism enhanced the fertility and B-concentration in the affected lithologies, favouring partial melting and the formation of tourmaline-bearing pegmatites. These findings contribute to understanding the petrogenesis of Sveconorwegian pegmatites but they also imply that B can play a greater role in the formation of NYF pegmatites than previously thought and that tourmaline has value as a petrogenetic tool in this type of pegmatites as well as in the Li-Cs-Ta (LCT) type to which is it is more commonly applied.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: Opinion formation within society follows complex dynamics. Towards its understanding, axiomatic theory can complement data analysis. To this end we propose an axiomatic model of opinion formation that aims to capture the interaction of individual conviction with social influence in a minimalist fashion. Despite only representing that (1) agents have an initial conviction with respect to a topic and are (2) influenced by their neighbours, the model shows emergence of opinion clusters from an initially unstructured state. Here, we show that increasing individual self-reliance makes agents more likely to align their socially influenced opinion with their inner conviction which concomitantly leads to increased polarisation. The opinion drift observed with increasing self-reliance may be a plausible analogue of polarisation trends in the real world. Modelling the basic traits of striving for individual versus group identity, we find a trade-off between individual fulfilment and societal cohesion. This finding from fundamental assumptions can serve as a building block to explain opinion polarisation.
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
    In:  Ariadne-Analyse
    Publication Date: 2024-06-21
    Description: Renewable hydrogen is necessary for the decarbonization of sectors that are difficult to electrify, such as industry and aviation, and as a storage medium for surplus electricity from renewable sources.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
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    Kraatz, Berlin
    In:  SUB Göttingen | KART B 140:4438; KART H 140: Landsberg bei Halle
    Publication Date: 2024-06-20
    Description: Geologische Karte 1: 25 000 mit Erläuterungen. Digitalisat des FID GEO (Fachinformationsdienst Geowissenschaften), erstellt durch das GDZ (Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum), Karte aus dem Bestand der SUB Göttingen. Koordinaten Vorlage: Nullmeridian Ferro E 029 40 - 029 50 / N 051 36 - 051 30.
    Description: map
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: ddc:912 ; ddc:554.3 ; Geologische Karte
    Language: German
    Type: doc-type:carthographicMaterial
    Format: 60
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