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  • Articles  (2,442)
  • English  (1,234)
  • German  (1,218)
  • Spanish  (3)
  • 2020-2023  (1,021)
  • 2000-2004  (1,330)
  • 1970-1974  (91)
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  • 1
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    Investigating temporal and spatial patterns in the stochastic component of ZTD time series over Europe (2023)
    In:  GPS Solutions
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-05
    Description: The EUREF Permanent GNSS Network (EPN) provides a unique atmospheric dataset over Europe in the form of Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) time series. These ZTD time series are estimated independently by different analysis centers, but a combined solution is also provided. Previous studies showed that changes in the processing strategy do not affect trends and seasonal amplitudes. However, its effect on the temporal and spatial variations of the stochastic component of ZTD time series has not yet been investigated. This study analyses the temporal and spatial correlations of the ZTD residuals obtained from four different datasets: one solution provided by ASI (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Centro di Geodesia Spaziale, Italy), two solutions provided by GOP (Geodetic Observatory Pecny, Czech Republic), and one combined solution resulting from the EPN’s second reprocessing campaign. We find that the ZTD residuals obtained from the three individual solutions can be modeled using a first-order autoregressive stochastic process, which is less significant and must be completed by an additional white noise process in the combined solution. Although the combination procedure changes the temporal correlation in the ZTD residuals, it neither affects its spatial correlation structure nor its time-variability, for which an annual modulation is observed for stations up to 1,000 km apart. The main spatial patterns in the ZTD residuals also remain identical. Finally, we compare two GOP solutions, one of which only differs in the modeling of non-tidal atmospheric loading at the observation level, and conclude that its modeling has a negligible effect on ZTD values.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 2
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    The timing and tectonic context of Pan-African gem bearing pegmatites in Malawi: Evidence from Rb–Sr and U–Pb geochronology (2023)
    In:  Journal of African Earth Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-14
    Description: The Pan-African belts of Malawi contain a largely unexplored endowment of gem bearing pegmatites. We present U–Pb in zircon (LA-ICPMS) and Rb–Sr mineral isochron geochronological and isotope data from pegmatites across Malawi. The pegmatites contain tourmaline, beryl, aquamarine, zircon, amethyst and sunstone as gemstone species. Two zircon bearing pegmatites in southern Malawi intruded early in the Pan-African orogenic cycle at 719 ± 5 Ma and 729 ± 4 Ma and are associated with the emplacement of alkaline rocks that formed during an intra-continental rifting episode in the eastern part of former Rodinia. One further zircon pegmatite containing inherited zircon of a similar age (746 ± 44 Ma) was emplaced at 598 ± 15 Ma, after the assembly of Western and Eastern Gondwana and the formation of the East African Orogen (EAO). The majority of the analysed pegmatites, however, are significantly younger. The ∼550 Ma pegmatites were emplaced during the Kuunga Orogeny, correlating with the collision of northern and southern Gondwana cratonic entities. During a prolonged post-collisional period, possibly related to crustal collapse and extension, further gem-mineralised pegmatites formed at ∼520 ± 6 Ma and ∼500–485 Ma. The youngest pegmatite intruded in the southern Malawian Ntcheu area in the Middle Ordovician at ∼460 Ma. A large spread in 87Sr/86Sr initial isotopic ratios between 0.70556 and 0.79018 suggests a variety of magma sources for the Kuunga-related pegmatites with a variably strong crustal affinity.
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    The capturing and decompression of melt inclusions in olivine and ilmenite megacrysts from the Monastery kimberlite, South Africa (2023)
    In:  Gondwana Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-14
    Description: Ilmenite and olivine megacrysts from the 89 Ma Monastery kimberlite (Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa) captured abundant and large melt inclusions containing quenched Si-Mg-rich melt, calcite, spinel, perovskite, phlogopite, and serpentine. Textural observations and 3D X-ray tomography of ilmenite and olivine megacrysts show melt inclusion shapes, sizes and distribution patterns indicative of melt capture during primary crystal growth near the base of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM). Patterns supporting secondary melt injection along fractures or veins, such as planar arrays of melt inclusions, are absent. Melt inclusions in olivine, in some examples reaching the dimension of centimetres, likely were captured in skeletal voids forming in fast growing, up to decimetre-sized olivine megacrysts. These large melt inclusions commonly decrepitated, forming apophyses, radial fractures, and veins, along which residual volatile- and Si-Mg-rich melt was extracted. We attribute the decrepitation of melt inclusions in olivine to the rapidly increasing difference between the melt pressure in the inclusions, captured at mantle depth, and the decreasing confining stress to which the host olivines were exposed during magma ascent and after emplacement. In ilmenite, melt inclusions up to ∼ 6 mm in diameter remained commonly intact during the kimberlite ascent from its mantle source to the shallow crust. The quenched silicate melt in olivine- and ilmenite-hosted melt inclusions, in some places preserved as unaltered hydrous and CO3-bearing glass, shows systematic major element compositional variations that suggest that this melt formed by similar fractionation and depletion processes, irrespective of the hosting megacryst phase. Apparent modal variations in quenched silicate melt, calcite, and oxide contents suggest that the melt batches captured as inclusions in ilmenite and olivine either record different evolution stages in the megacryst magma, or document compositional heterogeneities in this magma at the time of megacryst growth.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 4
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    Structural change in coal regions as a process of economic and social-ecological transition : lessons learnt from structural change processes in Germany (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: Effective policies to mitigate climate change need to be accompanied by a socially just transition. Based on experiences of past and ongoing transition policies in coal regions in Europe and with indications to the specificity of framework conditions and challenges and to the potential effectiveness and transferability of approaches, this paper presents lessons learnt which can be inspirational for similar transitions in other coal regions and for transitions in other sectors.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: report , doc-type:report
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  • 5
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    Analyse des historischen Strukturwandels im Ruhrgebiet (Fallstudie) (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: Diese Fallstudie untersuchte den durch die geringe Wettbewerbsfähigkeit des Steinkohlebergbaus ausgelösten Strukturwandel im Ruhrgebiet vom Ende der 1950er Jahre bis 2015. Mit Hilfe verschiedener qualitativer und quantitativer Methoden der empirischen Sozial- und Wirtschaftsforschung analysierte sie den Strukturwandelprozess und die in Reaktion auf diesen Prozess umgesetzte Strukturpolitik mit dem Ziel, dieses Wissen für zukünftige Strukturwandelprozesse in anderen (Kohle-)Regionen zur Verfügung zu stellen. Eine Diskursanalyse half zu erkennen, wer warum welche strukturpolitischen Ansätze unterstützte - und gibt damit Hinweise auf die mögliche Relevanz von Erfahrungen für andere Regionen.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 6
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    Analysis of the historical structural change in the German hard coal mining Ruhr area (case study) (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: This case study examined the structural change in the Ruhr area caused by the low international competitiveness of German hard coal mining over the period from the late 1950s to 2015. It analysed the structural change process and the structural policies implemented as a reaction to this process with the objective to make this knowledge available for future structural change processes in other (coal) regions by deploying various qualitative and quantitative methods of empirical social and economic research. A discourse analysis helped to recognise who supported which structural policy approaches and why - and thus gives indications of the possible relevance of experiences for other regions.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: report , doc-type:report
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  • 7
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    Analysis of the historical structural change in the German lignite mining area of Lusatia (case study) (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: This case study examined the structural change in Lusatia caused by the system change from a centrally planned economy to a market economy in the period 1990-2015. It analysed the structural change process and the structural policies implemented as a reaction to this process with the objective to make this knowledge available for future structural change processes in other (coal) regions by deploying various qualitative and quantitative methods of empirical social and economic research. A discourse analysis helped to recognise who supported which structural policy approaches and why - and thus gives indications of the possible relevance of experiences for other regions.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Analyse des historischen Strukturwandels in der Lausitz (Fallstudie) (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: Diese Fallstudie untersuchte den durch den Systemwechsel von der Plan- zur Marktwirtschaft ausgelösten Strukturwandel in der Lausitz im Zeitraum 1990-2015. Mit Hilfe verschiedener qualitativer und quantitativer Methoden der empirischen Sozial- und Wirtschaftsforschung analysierte sie den Strukturwandelprozess und die in Reaktion auf diesen Prozess umgesetzte Strukturpolitik mit dem Ziel, dieses Wissen für zukünftige Strukturwandelprozesse in anderen (Kohle-)Regionen zur Verfügung zu stellen. Eine Diskursanalyse half zu erkennen, wer warum welche strukturpolitischen Ansätze unterstützte - und gibt damit Hinweise auf die mögliche Relevanz von Erfahrungen für andere Regionen.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 9
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    Building back better : the COVID-19 pandemic and transport policy implications for a developing megacity (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-14
    Description: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected human mobility via lockdowns, social distancing rules, home quarantines, and the full or partial suspension of transportation. Evidence-based policy recommendations are urgently needed to ensure that transport systems have resilience to future pandemic outbreaks, particularly within Global South megacities where demand for public transport is high and reduced access can exacerbate socio-economic inequalities. This study focuses on Metro Manila - a characteristic megacity that experienced one of the most stringent lockdowns worldwide. It analyzes aggregated cell phone and GPS data from Google and Apple that provide a comprehensive representation of mobility behavior before and during the lockdown. While significant decreases are observed for all transport modes, public transport experienced the largest drop (-74.5 %, on average). The study demonstrates that: (i) those most reliant on public transport were disproportionately affected by lockdowns; (ii) public transport was unable to fulfil its role as public service; and, (iii) this drove a paradigm shift towards active mobility. Moving forwards, in the short-term policymakers must promote active mobility and prioritize public transport to reduce unequal access to transport. Longer-term, policymakers must leverage the increased active transport to encourage modal shift via infrastructure investment, and better utilize big data to support decision-making.
    Keywords: ddc:380
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Beyond food for thought : directing sustainability transitions research to address fundamental change in agri-food systems (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-14
    Description: Dominant agricultural and food systems lead to continuous resource depletion and unacceptable environmental and social impacts. While current calls for changing agrifood systems are increasingly framed in the context of sustainability transitions, they rarely make an explicit link to transition studies to address these systemic challenges, nor do transition scholars sufficiently address agri-food systems, despite their global pertinence. From this viewpoint, we illustrate several gaps in the agri-food systems debate that sustainability transition studies could engage in. We propose four avenues for research in the next decade of transition research on agri-food systems: 1) Crossscale dynamics between coupled systems; 2) Social justice, equity and inclusion; 3) Sustainability transitions in low- and middle-income countries; 4) Cross-sectoral governance and system integration. We call for a decade of new transition research that moves beyond single-scale and sector perspectives toward more inclusive and integrated analyses of food system dynamics.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 11
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    Coupling circularity performance and climate action : from disciplinary silos to transdisciplinary modelling science (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-14
    Description: Technological breakthroughs and policy measures targeting energy efficiency and clean energy alone will not suffice to deliver Paris Agreement-compliant greenhouse gas emissions trajectories in the next decades. Strong cases have recently been made for acknowledging the decarbonisation potential lying in transforming linear economic models into closed-loop industrial ecosystems and in shifting lifestyle patterns towards this direction. This perspective highlights the research capacity needed to inform on the role and potential of the circular economy for climate change mitigation and to enhance the scientific capabilities to quantitatively explore their synergies and trade-offs. This begins with establishing conceptual and methodological bridges amongst the relevant and currently fragmented research communities, thereby allowing an interdisciplinary integration and assessment of circularity, decarbonisation, and sustainable development. Following similar calls for science in support of climate action, a transdisciplinary scientific agenda is needed to co-create the goals and scientific processes underpinning the transition pathways towards a circular, net-zero economy with representatives from policy, industry, and civil society. Here, it is argued that such integration of disciplines, methods, and communities can then lead to new and/or structurally enhanced quantitative systems models that better represent critical industrial value chains, consumption patterns, and mitigation technologies. This will be a crucial advancement towards assessing the material implications of, and the contribution of enhanced circularity performance to, mitigation pathways that are compatible with the temperature goals of the Paris Agreement and the transition to a circular economy.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 12
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    Progress towards preventing waste in Europe : the case of textile waste prevention (2022)
    Luxembourg : Publications Office of the European Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-21
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: report , doc-type:report
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  • 13
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    Promoting the high-quality recycling of plastics from demolition waste and enhancing the use of recycled materials in construction products in accordance with the European plastics strategy : final report (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-08
    Description: This study presents in detail: the use of plastic products and the opportunities for recyclate use in the construction sector, quantities of plastic used, take-back systems, recycling techniques, current recyclate use and plastic construction product packaging.Potentials for increasing high-quality recyclate use were identified. Existing hurdles and options for action for industry and politics are presented. Current recyclate use as well as its potential use are strongly dependent on the application area of plastics. The biggest hurdles for the use of recycled materials are product life time, dismantling and technical requirements.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: report , doc-type:report
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  • 14
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    Strategic research and innovation agenda on circular economy (2022)
    Brussels : European Commission
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-07
    Description: CICERONE aims to bring national, regional and local governments together to jointly tackle the circular economy transition needed to reach net-zero carbon emissions and meet the targets set in the Paris Agreement and EU Green Deal. This document represents one of the key outcomes of the project: a Strategic Research & Innovation Agenda (SRIA) for Europe, to support owners and funders of circular economy programmes in aligning priorities and approaching the circular economy transition in a systemic way.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    LesSON : auf dem Weg zu lebenswerten Straßenräumen ; Straßenraum, Verkehrswende, grüne Infrastruktur, Bürgerbeteiligung (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-16
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: contributiontoperiodical , doc-type:contributionToPeriodical
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  • 16
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    Capacity needs assessment in transport innovation living labs : the case of an innovative e-mobility project (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-16
    Description: Cities around the globe are implementing innovative transport solutions as part of measures to address pertinent socio-economic and environmental challenges in urban areas and help drive the transition to low carbon development. Planning and implementing such solutions require an effective and collective approach that includes the needs and aspirations of all relevant stakeholders. In the planning and implementation of urban transport projects, capacity building components have assumed great significance but seem to be the most eluded activity for project implementers. The Living Lab concept, which allows for co-creation in innovation development, presents the opportunity to adopt innovative participatory approach in capacity building activities in transport projects; and is largely seen as a potential catalyst for rapid transformation to low carbon and sustainability transitions in cities. To this end, this paper highlights the usefulness of the Living Lab approach and provides some perspectives on how key elements of the approach are adapted in the process of assessing the capacity needs of nine (9) cities in planning and implementing e-mobility innovations. The cities are participating in an innovation research project. In the case studied, the project’s capacity needs assessment process was analyzed using an assessment framework built on four (4) key elements of the Living Lab approach, namely: extent of real-life contextualization, level of participation, diversity of stakeholders, and the time span of engagement. Insights from the assessment suggest that relevant project partners and city representatives with diverse expertise were actively involved from the onset and throughout the first 5 months of the project in defining and refining the capacity needs of partner cities based on local e-mobility conditions. This co-creative process helped determine priority areas where the need for capacity building mostly lied. Designing and operationalizing capacity building interventions tailored to the identified needs, as realized in the project, could therefore help build the necessary capacity and complement other measures aimed at developing e-mobility in the project’s partner cities.
    Keywords: ddc:380
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    Green recovery tracker : tracking the contribution of national covid-19 recovery efforts towards a climate neutral EU ; summary report (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-17
    Description: The idea for the Green Recovery Tracker was born in spring 2020 when governments started making announcements on economic Corona recovery measures. From a climate and resilience perspective it is key that those recovery packages, investments and subsidies are in line with long-term climate and sustainability targets. Thus, recovery packages should not only boost the economy in the short-term, but also strike the path to a just transition towards climate neutrality. Against this background, Wuppertal Institute and E3G have launched the Green Recovery Tracker project in late summer 2020 to shed light on the following questions: What can be considered an effective green recovery? What are good examples, which can be used as an inspiration for recovery programs aiming to support sustainable development? Where do the individual Member States stand with respect to aligning their recovery activities with the climate policy agenda? In this report, you will find our Methodology as well our Policy Briefing highlighting our key takeaways of our country and sectoral analyses. It further includes a section on "What can we learn from our experience with the Green Recovery Tracker?". The briefing concludes with a "Guidance for future funding programs and achieving climate targets overall".
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    Energieversorgungsrisiken, Energiepreiskrise und Klimaschutz erfordern gemeinsame Antworten (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: In den vergangenen zwei Jahren hat sich die Welt verändert und vermehrt beherrschen Krisen das Bild. Jahrzehntelange Gewissheiten gelten nicht mehr, Risiken und Unsicherheiten nehmen zu, die Herausforderungen werden immer komplexer und erfordern gleichzeitig immer schnelleres und konsequenteres Handeln.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 19
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    Erneuerbar, energieeffizient & flexibel : Vision und Roadmap für treibhausgasneutrale Nichtwohngebäude (2022)
    Berlin : Institut für Klimaschutz, Energie und Mobilität
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-05
    Description: Das Forschungsvorhaben FlexGeber hat die Darstellung des Flexibilitätspotentials von gewerblich und industriell genutzten Gebäuden in Deutschland sowie die Verknüpfung mit den sich wandelnden Anforderungen des Energiesystems zum Ziel. Im Rahmen des Projekts wurde durch die Projektpartner eine gemeinsame Vision für einen treibhausgasneutralen Nichtwohngebäudebestand erarbeitet. Die Vision stellt ein von den Projektpartner geteiltes Zielszenario dar, in welchem ein treibhausgasneutraler Nichtwohngebäudebestand Realität ist. Im vorliegenden Bericht betrachten das IKEM und das Wuppertal Institut die für ein solches Szenario erforderlichen gesellschaftlichen, wirtschaftlichen, ökologischen und politischen Rahmenbedingungen.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 20
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    Suffizienzansätze in der nationalen Energie- und Klimapolitik in Deutschland : Kurzanalyse (2022)
    Duisburg : NRW School of Governance
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-12
    Description: Steigende Energiepreise und die Importabhängigkeit von fossilen Energieträgern - unter anderem aufgrund des Krieges in der Ukraine - erfordern eine politische und gesellschaftliche Reaktion. Wie kann es gelingen, weniger Energie zu verbrauchen? Hier kann die Energiesuffizienz als Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie Ansatzpunkte liefern. Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich der Frage, welche Pläne und Instrumente für Energiesuffizienz die politischen Institutionen in Deutschland vorlegen.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 21
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    Sustainable transformation of Israel's energy system : development of a phase model (2022)
    Herzliya Pituach : Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-12
    Description: By applying a phase model for the renewables-based energy transition in the MENA countries to Israel, the study provides a guiding vision to support the strategy development and steering of the energy transition process. The transition towards a renewable-based energy system can reduce import dependencies and increase the energy security in Israel. Key issues that need to be tackled in order to advance the energy transition in Israel are the expansion of flexibility options, discussion on the long-term role of natural gas, increasing participation and awareness, and exploring the future role of power-to-X in the energy system.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 22
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    Klimasteuern in Deutschland (eingebunden in die EU) : Nutzen für die Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (2022)
    Bonn : Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-25
    Description: Die Publikation soll es Fachleuten aus Drittstaaten ermöglichen, aus den Erfahrungen, die in Deutschland mit "Klimasteuern" gemacht worden sind, Anregungen für die eigene Steuerpolitik mitzunehmen. "Klima-Steuern" sollen Preisrelationen für Wirtschaftssubjekte so ändern, dass klimafreundliche Optionen profitabler werden. Dabei wird ein sehr weites Verständnis von "Klimasteuern" zugrunde gelegt. Nach methodischen und begrifflichen Vorüberlegungen wird eine Art "Architektur" für mögliche Ansatzpunkte solcher Steuern bereitgestellt. Exemplifiziert wird dieses moderne Verständnis von "Klimasteuern" in den Sektoren Transport, Gebäude, Elektrizität (Verbrauch und Herstellung) sowie Landwirtschaft.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 23
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    Ohne Suffizienz kein Klimaschutz (2022)
    Stuttgart : Hirzel
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-04
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Politik für die Industrietransformation (2022)
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    Publication Date: 2022-02-04
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Neue Chancen für alte Standorte (2022)
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    Publication Date: 2022-02-04
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Sustainable transformation of Iraq's energy system : development of a phase model (2022)
    Amman : Friedrich-Ebert-Siftung Jordan & Iraq
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: A clear understanding of socio-technical interdependencies and a structured vision are prerequisites for fostering and steering a transition to a fully renewables-based energy system. To facilitate such understanding, a phase model for the renewable energy transition in MENA countries has been developed and applied to the country case of Iraq. It is designed to support the strategy development and governance of the energy transition and to serve as a guide for decision makers. The transition towards renewable energies is still at a very early stage in Iraq. Despite the drop in renewable technology costs over the last decade and the increasing deployment of renewables in the MENA region, the pathway towards renewable energies seems to be challenging for Iraq. This is attributable to the country's political instability and the dominant economic role played by the fossil fuel sector. The most pressing concern for Iraq's electricity sector is the need to secure a constant electricity supply. At operational level, Iraq's electricity infrastructure requires significant investment to rebuilt, retro-fit and expand its overall capacity and to improve efficiencies. Yet, the need to rebuild the energy system after the war and the subsequent violent conflicts could offer an opportunity for a transition towards renewables that would benefit Iraq in the short term and also provide a long-term economic development perspective. To take advantage of this opportunity, Iraq needs to improve the framework conditions for renewable energies and raise awareness about the benefits it offers. Renewable energy regulations need to be introduced, market development supported, a realistic timeframe for the transition process established and an appropriate and reliable legal framework developed. The results of the analysis along the transition phase model towards 100% renewables are intended to stimulate and support the discussion about Iraq's future energy system by providing an overarching guiding vision for the energy transition and the development of appropriate policy strategies.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Sustainable transformation of Egypt's energy system : development of a phase model (2022)
    Cairo : Friedrich-Ebert-Siftung
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: A clear understanding of socio-technical interdependencies and a structured vision are prerequisites for fostering and steering a transition to a fully renewables-based energy system. To facilitate such understanding, a phase model for the renewable energy transition in MENA countries has been developed and applied to the country case of Egypt. It is designed to support the strategy development and governance of the energy transition and to serve as a guide for decision makers. Egypt, with its abundant solar and wind energy potential, has excellent preconditions to embark on the pathway towards a 100% renewable energy system. The country has successfully taken its first steps in this direction by attracting international finance and implementing several large-scale solar and wind projects. Yet, while Egypt has made significant progress, increased efforts are still required if the country aims to proceed towards a fully renewables-based system. The stronger system integration of renewable energies requires, for example, an alignment of regulations for the electricity, mobility and heat sectors. In this context, Egypt would be well advised to develop and implement an overall strategy for the energy transition that includes not only electricity generation but all sectors. By placing a stronger focus on renewable energy, also to decarbonise the industrial sector, Egypt, as Africa's second most industrialised country, could seize the opportunity for economic development within a decarbonising global economy. The results of the analysis along the transition phase model towards 100% renewable energy are intended to stimulate and support the discussion on Egypt's future energy system by providing an overarching guiding vision for the energy transition and the development of appropriate policies.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Steel manufacturing clusters in a hydrogen economy : simulation of changes in location and vertical integration of steel production in Northwestern Europe (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: With the move to a hydrogen-based primary steel production envisioned for the near future in Europe, existing regional industrial clusters loose major assets. Such a restructuring of industries may result in a new geographical distribution of the steel industry and also to another quality of vertical integration at sites. Both implications could turn out as drivers or barriers to invest in new technologies and are thus important in respect to vertical integration of sites and to regional policy. This paper describes an approach to model production stock invest for the steel industries in North-Western Europe. Current spatial structures are reproduced with capacity, technical and energy efficiency data on the level of single facilities like blast furnaces. With the model developed both investments in specific technologies and at specific production sites can be modelled. The model is used to simulate different possible future scenarios. The case with a clear move to hydrogen-based production is compared to a reference scenario without technological shift. The scenarios show that existing trends like movement of production to the coast may be accelerated by the new technology but that sites in the hinterland can also adapt to a hydrogen economy. Possible effects of business cycles or a circular economy on regional value chains are explored with a Monte-Carlo analysis.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Wie Kohleausstieg und Klimaschutz gelingen können : Szenarien als antizipierte Zukunft (2022)
    München : Oekom
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Das "Energy efficiency first principle" und das Primat der Politik (2022)
    München : Oekom
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 31
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    Bewegende Energie : die Energiewende als Treiber der Großen Transformation im Rück- und Ausblick ; Festschrift zum 80. Geburtstag von Peter Hennicke (2022)
    München : Oekom
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Description: Bewegende Energie - das charakterisiert den beruflichen und akademischen Lebensweg von Peter Hennicke. Seine bis heute andauernde Arbeit zur Energiewende hat vieles in Bewegung gebracht. Er hat den Begriff "Energiewende" zwar nicht erfunden, aber maßgeblich mitgeprägt. Weil ihn dieses Ziel so erfüllt und sein Engagement so voller positiver Energie ist, begeistert und bewegt er die Menschen, die mit ihm zusammenwirken, und häufig auch diejenigen, die seinen Ideen zunächst skeptisch oder kritisch gegenüberstehen. Die Autorinnen und Autoren dieses Buches stellen wesentliche Ideen und wissenschaftliche Konzepte von Peter Hennicke entlang ihrer beruflichen und wissenschaftlichen Aktivitäten vor. Damit gelingt es ihnen, sowohl 40 Jahre Energiewende und Transformation zur Nachhaltigkeit nachzuzeichnen als auch Impulse und eine Agenda für die zweite Phase der Energiewende zu setzen.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Kommunalmacht Energie : Gründerzeit für Stadtwerke (2022)
    München : Oekom
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    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Die Ökonomie des Vermeidens von Energie und Material (2022)
    Stuttgart : Hirzel
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    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Sozial gerechter Klimaschutz : geht das? (2022)
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    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Die Circular Economy ist der Schlüssel (2022)
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    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Solar Decathlon Studie : wie stehen Wuppertaler Mieter zur Energieeffizienz (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Direct Air Capture (DAC) in Germany : resource implications of a possible rollout in 2045 (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Description: Direct Air Capture (DAC) is increasingly being discussed as a possibility to limit climate change. In this study, a possible rollout of the DAC technology at German coastal areas is analysed based on an existing climate neutrality scenario. For the year 2045 the resulting costs as well as land, water and energy consumption are examined. It is concluded that a realization of the DAC technology in Germany might be possible from a technical point of view. However, there is a high demand for land and energy. Since a rollout is needed to start in 20 years at the latest, the required discussion and evaluation should be initiated as quickly as possible.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Late and expensive : the political economy of coal phase-out in Germany (2022)
    Abingdon : Routledge
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Description: This chapter reconstructs the main actors, objectives and the pertinent contextual factors that co-determined the German coal phase-out. The German decision to phase out coal no later than 2038 was prepared by intense negotiations under the German "coal commission". It was tasked with finding an end date for coal-fired electricity generation and proposing ways and means to support coal workers and the affected regions. This latter objective was the dominant one, supported by a coalition of trade unions, industry, state-level governments as well as major political parties fearing a surge of far-right populism. Meanwhile, meeting the German climate targets was a key condition in the mandate of the coal commission. Yet, the German targets date back to 2010 and are not aligned with the more ambitious objectives enshrined in the Paris Agreement. This explains why the German coal phase-out schedule is so late and so expensive.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Strafsache Strohhalm : was Verbote von Einweg-Kunststoffprodukten wirklich bringen ; Fakten, Standpunkte, Analysen (2022)
    Mannheim : Röchling Stiftung
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Description: Seitdem Einweg-Plastikartikel wie Kunststofftüten und Strohhalme verboten wurden, sind Straßen und Strände sauberer geworden. Zudem wurde auch die öffentliche Diskussion über nachhaltigen Konsum intensiviert. Die Gesamtmenge an Kunststoff-Abfällen ließ sich mit "Plastikverboten" hingegen nicht signifikant reduzieren. Zu diesem Ergebnis kommt der vorliegende Polyproblem-Report der gemeinnützigen Röchling Stiftung und des Beratungshauses Wider Sense in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Wuppertal Institut. Die Autor*innen haben die Wirkung staatlicher Verbote von Einweg-Plastikprodukten unter die Lupe genommen und die Erfahrungen aus Deutschland, Kenia und Kalifornien analysiert.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Transformation zur "Grünsten Industrieregion der Welt" - aufgezeigt für die Metropole Ruhr : Studie (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-23
    Description: Industrieregionen stehen vor besonderen Herausforderungen für eine nachhaltige und klimagerechte Entwicklung, sie müssen zu "grünen Industrieregionen" werden. Doch was macht eine "grüne Industrieregion" überhaupt aus? Die vorliegende Studie des Wuppertal Instituts verdeutlicht, worauf es besonders ankommt, wie Fortschritte gemessen werden können und welche Maßnahmen die erforderliche Transformation beschleunigen können. Das Autorenteam schätzt die Vorreiterpotenziale der Metropole Ruhr für sieben Indikatoren ein, die besonders deutlich bei der Umweltwirtschaft und der Entwicklung der Grün- und Erholungsflächen herausstechen.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Entwicklung : über Aufstieg und Niedergang eines Mythos (2022)
    Paderborn : Brill Schöningh
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    Publication Date: 2022-01-21
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    The circular economy and digitalisation - strategies for a digital-ecological industry transformation : a study commmissioned by Huawei Technologies Germany GmbH (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-26
    Description: Within the Shaping Digitalisation project, we aim to highlight and discuss the opportunities that digitalisation can bring to Germany. In particular, we are discussing three stand-out areas where action is most needed to achieve ecological transformation: mobility, the circular economy, and agriculture and food. This report addresses the second area in need of action. Up until now, discussions on the circular economy have been limited to recycling and the re-use of materials. We must expand the scope of these discussions to include new, resource-efficient business models and the comprehensive transformation of value chains and industrial structures. Our analysis has found that digitalisation is indispensable for this transformation if used properly. We hope this report will provide the impetus needed to kick-start a climate- and resource-friendly industrial transformation in Germany. Here, we have incorporated the findings of our interdisciplinary workshop on "Shaping the Digital-Ecological Industrial Transformation - Business Models and Political Framework Conditions for Climate and Resource Protection" that was attended by experts from international research institutes, civil organizations, public authorities, and private companies.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Modeling flexibility in energy systems : comparison of power sector models based on simplified test cases (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-02
    Description: Model-based scenario analyses of future energy systems often come to deviating results and conclusions when different models are used. This may be caused by heterogeneous input data and by inherent differences in model formulations. The representation of technologies for the conversion, storage, use, and transport of energy is usually stylized in comprehensive system models in order to limit the size of the mathematical problem, and may substantially differ between models. This paper presents a systematic comparison of nine power sector models with sector coupling. We analyze the impact of differences in the representation of technologies, optimization approaches, and further model features on model outcomes. The comparison uses fully harmonized input data and highly simplified system configurations to isolate and quantify model-specific effects. We identify structural differences in terms of the optimization approach between the models. Furthermore, we find substantial differences in technology modeling primarily for battery electric vehicles, reservoir hydro power, power transmission, and demand response. These depend largely on the specific focus of the models. In model analyses where these technologies are a relevant factor, it is therefore important to be aware of potential effects of the chosen modeling approach. For the detailed analysis of the effect of individual differences in technology modeling and model features, the chosen approach of highly simplified test cases is suitable, as it allows to isolate the effects of model-specific differences on results. However, it strongly limits the model's degrees of freedom, which reduces its suitability for the evaluation of fundamentally different modeling approaches.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    A climate club to decarbonize the global steel industry (2022)
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    Publication Date: 2022-12-05
    Description: Decarbonizing global steel production requires a fundamental transformation. A sectoral climate club, which goes beyond tariffs and involves deep transnational cooperation, can facilitate this transformation by addressing technical, economic and political uncertainties.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Das Gebot der Stunde : Energiesparen durch Energiesuffizienz (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-23
    Description: Energiesparen ist durch den Krieg in der Ukra­ine das Gebot der Stunde, um uns unabhängig von russischen Energieträgern zu machen; vor Kriegsbeginn spielte dieses Thema keine allzu große Rolle in der breiteren politischen Diskus­sion. In Szenarien und Strategien, wie mittel­- und langfristige Klimaziele erreicht werden könnten, gewann das Thema Energiesparen durch Ener­giesuffizienz in den vergangenen Jahren hinge­gen immer mehr an Bedeutung, wobei die tech­nischen Strategien Effizienz und Konsistenz, also die Umstellung auf erneuerbare Energien, noch immer maßgebend sind. In diesem Beitrag zeigen wir, welche Rol­le das Senken des Energieverbrauches spielt, um Klimaziele zu erreichen, und warum dies eine ge­eignete Möglichkeit ist, multiple Krisen gleich­zeitig zu lösen. In Hinblick darauf ist Energie­suffizienz unabdingbarer Bestandteil möglicher Lösungsstrategien. Außerdem skizzieren wir, welche kurz­, mittel­- und langfristigen Politikin­strumente derzeit diskutiert werden, und ergän­zen dies um weitere Ideen zu Einsparpotenzialen sowie um Umsetzungsbeispiele.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Towards net zero : making baselines for international carbon markets dynamic by applying "ambition coefficients" (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-23
    Description: This paper discusses options to increase mitigation ambition in crediting mechanisms that serve the Paris Agreement (PA), such as the Article 6.4 mechanism. Under the Clean Development Mechanism and other crediting mechanisms, baselines have been specified in the form of greenhouse gas (GHG) intensity factors and linked to business-as-usual developments. This means that with increasing production of goods and services through carbon market activities, absolute emissions may increase or fall only slowly. At a global level, such an approach widens the "emissions gap". To enable continued use of emissions intensity baselines in crediting mechanisms while being in line with the PA’s goal to pursue efforts to limit temperature rise to 1.5˚C, we propose to apply an "ambition coefficient" to emissions intensities of technologies when establishing the baseline. This coefficient would decrease to reflect increasing ambition over time, and reach zero when a country needs to reach net zero emissions. Due to the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, the coefficient would fall more quickly for developed than for developing countries. The latter would be able to generate emission reduction credits well beyond 2050, while for the former, crediting would stop around 2035 or before. An ambition coefficient approach would generate certainty for carbon market investors and preserve trust in international carbon markets that operate in line with the agreed, long-term ambition of the international climate regime.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Sustainable transformation of Palestine's energy system : development of a phase model (2022)
    Jerusalem : Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-23
    Description: A clear understanding of socio-technical interdependencies and a structured vision are prerequisites for fostering and steering a transition to a fully renewables-based energy system. To facilitate such understanding, a phase model for the renewable energy transition in MENA countries has been developed and applied to the case of Palestine. It is designed to support the strategy development and governance of the energy transition and to serve as a guide for decision-makers. The transition towards renewable energies is still at a very early stage in Palestine. The long-standing political conflict between Palestine and Israel has prevented the large-scale deployment of renewable energy due to land restrictions. Palestine's political instability, its geographically fragmented territories, and its high dependence on Israel's imports are the most pressing concerns for Palestine’s electricity sector. At the operational level, particularly the transmission and distribution infrastructure need to be better interconnected, renewed and expanded to accommodate larger volumes of renewable electricity and at the same time improve efficiency. The modelled demand development shows that Palestine will most likely have to continue importing electricity even if the potential of renewable energy is fully exploited. This underlines the importance of sustainable energy partnerships for Palestine. The results of the analysis along the transition phase model towards 100% renewable energy are intended to stimulate and support the discussion on Palestine's future energy system by providing an overarching guiding vision for the energy transition and the development of appropriate policies.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Transformationslücke schließen - Handeln unter Hochdruck : wie Deutschland seine Ziele beim Klima- und Ressourcenschutz noch erreichen kann (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-11
    Description: Deutschland liegt bei Klimaschutz und der langfristigen Sicherung der Energie- und Rohstoffversorgung weit hinter seinen eigenen Zielen. Nur mit Tempo, Mut und Ehrlichkeit lässt sich der Rückstand jetzt aufholen. Dazu gehören ein beschleunigter Ausbau erneuerbarer Energien, ein sofortiger Aufbau eines umfassenden Netzes für grünen Wasserstoff, verbindliche Ziele für eine echte Kreislaufwirtschaft, klare Vorgaben für den Wohnungsbestand, eine ernsthafte Mobilitätswende und wirksame Anreize für eine nachhaltige Produktion. Bei all dem müssen sozial gerechte Lösungen gefunden werden, nur so lässt sich CO2-Vermeidung und Ressourcenschutz in der Breite durchsetzen. Das vorliegende Impulspapier des Wuppertals Instituts zeigt, wie sehr Deutschland auf dem Weg zur Nachhaltigkeit seinen eigenen Zielen hinterherhinkt.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    From regime-building to implementation : harnessing the UN climate conferences to drive climate action (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-11
    Description: The gap between the internationally agreed climate objectives and tangible emissions reductions looms large. We explore how the supreme decision-making body of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Conference of the Parties (COP), could develop to promote more effective climate policy. We argue that promoting implementation of climate action could benefit from focusing more on individual sectoral systems, particularly for mitigation. We consider five key governance functions of international institutions to discuss how the COP and the sessions it convenes could advance implementation of the Paris Agreement: guidance and signal, rules and standards, transparency and accountability, means of implementation, and knowledge and learning. In addition, we consider the role of the COP and its sessions as mega-events of global climate policy. We identify opportunities for promoting sectoral climate action across all five governance functions and for both the COP as a formal body and the COP sessions as conducive events. Harnessing these opportunities would require stronger involvement of national ministries in addition to the ministries of foreign affairs and environment that traditionally run the COP process, as well as stronger involvement of non-Party stakeholders within formal COP processes.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Data ecosystems for the sustainability transformation : a study commissioned by Huawei Technologies Deutschland GmbH (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-11
    Description: In the coming years, we must set a course that will allow as to protect our climate, reduce resource consumption, and preserve biodiversity. A profound ecological system change is on the horizon in all central areas of action of the economy and society, or transformation arenas. Digitalisation is a prerequisite for the success in this change and will impact these arenas at multiple levels: Digital technologies and applications will make it possible to improve current procedures, processes, and structures (Improve) and help us take the first steps towards new business models and frameworks (Convert). Despite this, digitalisation itself must be effective enough to facilitate a complete ecological restructuring of our society and lives to achieve more far-reaching economic transformation and value creation (Transform). The ability to obtain, link, and use data is a basic prerequisite for tapping into the potential of digitisation for sustainability transformation. However, data is not a homogeneous raw material. Data only gains value when we know the context in which it was collected and when we can use it for a specific purpose. The discussion on what structures and prerequisites are necessary for the system-changing use of data has only just begun. This study was conducted to serve as a starting point for this discussion as it describes the opportunities and prerequisites for a data-based sustainability transformation. This study focuses on environmental data, data from plants, machines, infrastructure, and IoT products. Our task will be to increase the use this data for systemic solutions (system innovation) within transformation arenas where different stakeholders are working together to initiate infrastructure, value chain, and business model transformation.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Datenökosysteme für die Nachhaltigkeitstransformation : eine Studie im Auftrag von Huawei Technologies Deutschland GmbH (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-11
    Description: In den nächsten Jahren müssen die Weichen für Klimaschutz, zur Reduktion des Ressourcenverbrauchs sowie der Erhaltung der Artenvielfalt gestellt werden. In allen zentralen Handlungsbereichen von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - den sogenannten Transformationsarenen - steht ein tiefgreifender ökologischer Systemwandel an. Digitalisierung ist eine Erfolgsvoraussetzung für diesen Wandel und wirkt auf verschiedenen Ebenen: digitale Technologien und Anwendungen ermöglichen, gegenwärtige Verfahren, Prozesse und Strukturen zu verbessern (Improve) oder erste Schritte in eine neue Ausrichtung von Geschäftsmodellen oder Rahmenbedingungen zu gehen (Convert). Gleichzeitig muss die Digitalisierung aber auch für einen weitergehenden Umbau von Wirtschaft und Wertschöpfung sowie für die ökologische Neuorientierung von Gesellschaft und Lebensstilen wirksam werden (Transform). Die Fähigkeit zur Gewinnung, Verknüpfung und Nutzung von Daten ist eine Grundvoraussetzung, um die Potenziale der Digitalisierung für die Nachhaltigkeitstransformation zu erschließen. Daten sind dabei jedoch kein homogener Rohstoff - Daten erlangen erst einen Wert, wenn der Kontext, in welchem sie erhoben wurden, bekannt ist und sie für den angestrebten Zweck nutzbar gemacht werden können. Die Diskussion darüber, welche Strukturen und Voraussetzungen für die systemverändernde Nutzung von Daten erforderlich sind, hat erst begonnen. Die vorliegende Studie leistet hierzu einen ersten Beitrag und beschreibt die Möglichkeiten und Voraussetzungen für eine datenbasierte Nachhaltigkeitstransformation. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf Umweltdaten, Daten von Anlagen, Maschinen, Infrastrukturen oder von Produkten im Internet der Dinge (Internet of Things). Die Aufgabe ist, diese Daten stärker als bisher für systemische Lösungsansätze (Systeminnovationen) in den jeweiligen Transformationsarenen einzusetzen, bei denen unterschiedliche Stakeholder zusammenarbeiten und gemeinsam den Umbau von Infrastrukturen, Wertschöpfungsketten und Geschäftsmodellen einleiten.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Advancing urban transitions and transformations research (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-11
    Description: Urban transitions and transformations research fosters a dialogue between sustainability transitions theory an inter- and transdisciplinary research on urban change. As a field, urban transitions and transformations research encompasses plural analytical and conceptual perspectives. In doing so, this field opens up sustainability transitions research to new communities of practice in urban environments, including mayors, transnational municipal networks, and international organizations.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Conflicting perspectives on urban landscape quality in six urban regions in Europe and their implications for urban transitions (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-11
    Description: The European Landscape Convention urges countries to involve stakeholders including citizens in the governance of ordinary (urban) landscapes. This paper studies conflicting stakeholder perspectives on urban landscape quality in the context of urban sustainability transitions in six European urban regions in the Netherlands, Italy, France, Croatia, Belarus and the Russian Federation. Repertory grid technique helped to identify the dimensions through which persons evaluate urban landscape quality. Ninety-three (93) interviewees elicited 1400 bipolar constructs, such as "Edible green - Concrete" or "Community, group - Loneliness". They then selected two constructs they consider most relevant in the context of urban sustainability transitions, and ranked all pictures on a 10-points scale. The rankings were analyzed using Multiple Correspondence Analysis. We find that, in spite of the many social and cultural differences between the regions, stakeholders largely agree on the preferred direction of urban transitions; more green and blue spots where people can meet and undertake joint (leisure) activities. The main conflict is between, on the one hand, a preference for organized development and beautification and, on the other hand, naturalness (permeability of soil) and organic development. The paper considers several challenges for transition governance.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Klassenziel : die klimaneutrale Schule (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-22
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: contributiontoperiodical , doc-type:contributionToPeriodical
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    Asphaltoberbau und extreme Temperaturen (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-22
    Keywords: ddc:380
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Alloy and process design of forging steels for better environmental performance (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-22
    Description: In material development processes, the question if a new alloy is more sustainable than the existing one becomes increasingly significant. Existing studies on metals and alloys show that their composition can make a difference regarding the environmental impact. In this case study, a recently developed air hardening forging steel is used to produce a U-bolt as an example component in automotive engineering. The production process is analyzed regarding the environmental performance and compared with the standard quench and tempering steels 42CrMo4 and 33MnCrB5-2. The analysis is based on results from applying the method of Life Cycle Assessment. First, the production process and the alterations on material, product, and process level are defined. The resulting process flows were quantified and attributed with the environmental impacts covering Carbon Footprint, Cumulative Energy Demand, and Material Footprint as they represent best the resource-, energy- and thus carbon-intensive steel industry. The results show that the development of the air hardening forging steel leads to a higher environmental impact compared to the reference alloys when the material level is considered. Otherwise, the new steel allows changes in manufacturing process, which is why an additional assessment on process level was conducted. It is seen that the air hardening forging steel has environmental savings as it enables skipping a heat treatment process. Superior material characteristics enable the application of lightweight design principles, which further increases the potential environmental savings. The present work shows that the question of the environmental impact does not end with analyzing the raw material only. Rather, the entire manufacturing process of a product must be considered. The case study also shows methodological questions regarding the specification of steel for alloying elements, processes in the metalworking industry and the data availability and quality in Life Cycle Assessment.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Anforderungen an ein klimagerechtes (Resilienz und Mitigation) Management kompakter Siedlungs- und Infrastrukturflächen : Wege zur Umsetzung sowie Evaluierung anhand ausgewählter Fallstudien ; Instrumente und Werkzeuge für eine klimagerechte Planung und Entwicklung kompakter Siedlungsstrukturen ; Abschlussbericht (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-08
    Keywords: ddc:710
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Klimaneutrale Streitkräfte? (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-08
    Description: Die Umrüstung der Bundeswehr darf nicht in eine Bestellung von klimapolitisch fragwürdigem Gerät münden. Amerika macht es besser.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Transformatives Lernen im Kontext sozial-ökologischer Transformationsprozesse : Impulse, Erkenntnisse und Empfehlungen für Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung aus dem ReFoPlan-Vorhaben TrafoBNE ; Abschlussbericht (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-09
    Keywords: ddc:370
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Methoden und Normen zur Bewertung der Reparierbarkeit von Elektro- und Elektronikgeräten : Stärkung der Materialeffizienz unter der Ökodesign-Richtlinie ; Abschlussbericht (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-09
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Krieg in der Ukraine : Meinungen ; das Kind ist im Brunnen gelandet (2022)
    Frankfurt/Main : Westend
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-22
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Gemeinschaftsverpflegung : Potenziale für ein nachhaltiges Ernährungssystem (2022)
    Marburg : Metropolis-Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-22
    Keywords: ddc:640
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Zwischenruf: "Zeitenwende" für die Energie- und Klimapolitik? (2022)
    Marburg : Metropolis-Verlag
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-22
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Vehicle to grid and demand side management : an assessment of different strategies for the integration of electric vehicles (2022)
    Piscataway, NJ : IEEE
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-22
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Circular economy for durable products and materials : the recycling of plastic building products in Germany ; status quo, potentials and recommendations (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-07-07
    Description: The construction sector is the second largest area for the application for plastics. Due to the long life times of construction products, the implementation of the circular economy faces its own challenges. To investigate this challenge, the study covers a market study for Germany, voluntary take-back and recycling schemes of construction products, as well as the use of plastic recyclates in construction products. In addition, plastic packaging of construction products is covered. Opportunities and barriers to the use of recycled plastics in construction products are derived from the intersection of available technologies, recyclate supply, and technical requirements for construction products. The report concludes with recommendations to various stakeholders on how to promote the use of recyclates in construction products and their packaging. Important points here are the introduction of a recyclate quota for films as construction product packaging and the description of recycling possibilities and recyclate content in the technical documentation of construction products.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Potentials for offset approaches in selected sectors post 2020 (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-15
    Description: This report develops an evaluation framework that policymakers can use to identify whether offsets can add value and uphold environmental integrity of a compliance scheme. It uses a scoring framework on factors to: (1) identify which sectors have hard-to-abate emissions that can justify demanding offsets as cost-containment measures for ambitious climate policies; and (2) identify mitigation activities that are otherwise inaccessible, fosters sustainable development, and the extent to which it enables transformative sectoral action to be eligible to supply offsets. This evaluation framework identifies the optimal conditions that make factors successful in either having sectors demand offsets, or specific mitigation activities supply offsets. Sectoral emissions that are hard-to-abate are those that are technically unavoidable due to a lack and maturity of technologies, and therefore should be allowed to have cost-containment measures - such as offsets - to avoid adverse economic ramifications such as carbon leakage. Mitigation activities that can supply offsets are those that are currently inaccessible to local actor’s due to lack of access to technology, finance or capabilities. Allowing these mitigation activities to be eligible to supply offsets allows to pilot such activities and realize mitigation outcomes outside the original scope of the compliance scheme. This report has chosen selected sectors and mitigation activities to illustrate how this framework can be applied at the global level. It recognizes that country-specific factors can change the assessment of whether the offset approach will add value and uphold environmental integrity to proposed compliance schemes of a country. The report further proposes practical steps policymakers can do to undertake an evaluation at the national level.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Suitability and success factors of offsets post-2020 (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-15
    Description: Offsetting enables countries and companies to meet part of their climate change mitigation obligations by using mitigation outcomes generated elsewhere - in lieu of own emission reductions. This report explores the future role of offset approaches and how they could be successfully integrated into a post-2020 climate regime by focusing both the supply and demand side. For this purpose, the report develops a conceptual approach that derives a normative vision of what should be considered a successful offset use in a top-down manner to then link this vision to specific factors on the ground in sectors and jurisdictions where offsets will be generated and used. It explores how these factors influence the successful operationalisation of the offset approach and how they can inform its design. In addition, the report also explores six conceptual design aspects to providing recommendations on how to take these factors into account during the design of the offset approach. Based on these findings, the authors derive overarching policy recommendations on the integration of offsets into carbon pricing schemes.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Offset approaches in existing compliance mechanisms : adding value and upholding environmental integrity? (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-15
    Description: The objective of this report is to use historical analysis to identify conditions that determine when offsets add value to compliance schemes while upholding environmental integrity. The indicators of success include: increased acceptance of introducing compliance schemes; raising ambition in subsequent compliance periods; the possibility to drive emission reductions outside the compliance sectors; promoting investments in sustainable development; and avoiding perverse incentives that undermine the stringency of the compliance scheme or compliance actors’ efforts in reducing their own emissions. Through undertaking in-depth case study analyzes on the effects of offsets in the European Union, Alberta, Australia, Colombia and Japan, the report identifies common conditions that explain why offsets were successful (or not) in achieving individual indicators. The report further identifies two common conditions that can help explain when offsets achieve all five indicators of success. The first is that policymakers need to be willing to design the compliance scheme to set and maintain a strong compliance price signal that justifies the need for incorporating cost containment measures, such as offsets, to avert negative political and economic ramifications. Relatedly, the second condition requires institutions, processes and infrastructure that govern both the compliance scheme and offsets to be well developed so that they can ensure offsets uphold the principles of environmental integrity, achieve sustainable development benefits, and act as a reliable cost containment measure to high compliance prices. The findings also highlight how difficult it is to achieve both conditions, as both domestic and international political economy factors determine whether policymakers and voters are willing to introduce and maintain compliance schemes that deliver effective action on climate.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Sustainable transformation of energy systems in MENA countries : comparative report (2022)
    Amman : Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-17
    Description: A clear understanding of socio-technical interdependencies and a structured vision are prerequisites for fostering and steering a transition to a fully renewables-based energy system. To facilitate such understanding, a phase model for the renewable energy (RE) transition in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries has been developed and applied to ten countries: Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Palestine, Tunisia, and Yemen. This report synthesises the results of these ten studies. The analysis shows that the state of the energy sector in the MENA region varies from country to country, but some underlying trends are present in all countries. In the majority of countries, energy prices are subsidised, and energy markets are mostly not liberalised. The energy demand in all analysed countries is growing and most grid systems are poorly interconnected across borders. Still, the expansion of RE in the MENA region can benefit from significant global progress and cost reductions in RE technologies. Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is not the only key driver for energy transition. In fact, the main motives for transition are that RE can help to meet growing demand, reduce dependence on imports, increase energy security, and provide opportunities for economic development. All countries studied have RE targets. While some countries are on track to meet these targets, others need to increase their efforts to expand renewable electricity generation in order to meet their goals. Strong progress has been made in countries with limited fossil energy resources, while in some countries that produce and export large amounts of fossil energy resources, the energy transition is progressing rather slowly.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Sustainable transformation of Yemen's energy system : development of a phase model (2022)
    Sana'a : Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-17
    Description: A clear understanding of socio-technical interdependencies and a structured vision are prerequisites for fostering and steering a transition to a fully renewables-based energy system. To facilitate such understanding, a phase model for the renewable energy (RE) transition in MENA countries has been developed and applied to the country case of Yemen. It is designed to support the strategy development and governance of the energy transition and to serve as a guide for decision makers. The transition towards REs is still at a quite early stage in Yemen. The military conflict has prevented the implementation of most of the planned large-scale renewable projects. The political instability, the high dependence on fossil fuels, and poor administrative performance are the most pressing concerns for Yemen's electricity sector. At an operational level, Yemen requires a total retrofit of the electricity infrastructure and needs to expand its overall capacity while improving its efficiencies. Despite these challenges, rebuilding the energy system after the political turmoil and the subsequent violent conflicts could offer Yemen the capability to transition towards renewables. This will provide short-term and long-term opportunities and avoid stranded investments in fossil-fuel capacities. The priority is to improve the framework conditions for RE in Yemen, starting with the development of a long-term strategy up to 2030 and beyond. Also, an appropriate and transparent legislation must be created. Furthermore, based on the legislation, clear regulations for REs must be introduced, and a realistic timeframe for expansion must be established in order to promote acceptance and market development on a large scale. The results of the analysis along the transition phase model towards 100% RE are intended to stimulate and support the discussion on Yemen's future energy system by providing an over-arching guiding vision for the energy transition and the development of appropriate policies.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Sustainable transformation of Lebanon's energy system : development of a phase model (2022)
    Beirut : Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-17
    Description: A clear understanding of socio-technical interdependencies and a structured vision are prerequisites for fostering and steering a transition to a fully renewables-based energy system. To facilitate such understanding, a phase model for the renewable energy (RE) transition in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries has been developed and applied to the country case of Lebanon. It is designed to support the strategy development and governance of the energy transition and to serve as a guide for decision makers. Lebanon's energy transition towards REs stands at a very early stage of the first transformation phase. Although abundant solar and wind energy potential does exist, the pathway towards a 100% renewables energy seems very challenging for Lebanon, as a consequence of highly unstable political conditions. The most pressing concern for Lebanon's electricity sector is combating the country's fiscal imbalance, while providing secure and reliable electricity supply. At the operational level, Lebanon's grid network requires significant investments to rebuild, retrofit, and expand the overall capacity and energy efficiency improvements. The need to strengthen the energy system after the political turmoil of the civil war is likely to offer several long-term opportunities, such as developing the economy, reducing environmental pollution, and increasing the energy security. In order to move forward into the first phase, Lebanon needs to improve the framework conditions for REs and implement its visions. It needs to support the market development in a realistic timeframe, where structural reforms represent the highest priority. The results of the analysis along the transition phase model towards 100% renewables energy are intended to stimulate and support the discussion on Lebanon's future energy system by providing an overarching guiding vision for the energy transition and the development of appropriate policies.
    Keywords: ddc:600
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    Grüner Wasserstoff in der Industrie : kurzfristige Einsatzpotentiale und langfristige Bedarfe in Deutschland (2022)
    Berlin : Forschungsverbund Erneuerbare Energien
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-09-07
    Description: Die Forschung der FVEE-Institute zum Einsatz von klimaneutral erzeugtem Wasserstoff in der Industrie deckt sowohl technische Aspekte für einzelne Prozesse ab als auch systemanalytische Betrachtungen, die die Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Wasserstoff am einzelnen Standort oder für bestimmte Branchen in Deutschland bzw. Europa untersuchen. Die Motivation zum Einsatz von Wasserstoff ergibt sich aus drei Gründen: 1. In der stofflichen Verwendung wird Wasserstoff als Molekül benötigt und kann deshalb auch nicht durch andere Energieträger substituiert werden. So wird Wasserstoff bereits heute in großen Mengen in der Ammoniaksynthese (Haber-Bosch-Verfahren) sowie in den Raffinerien benötigt. 2. Eine weitere Verwendungsart für Wasserstoff ergibt sich aus seiner Fähigkeit, Sauerstoff aus Eisenerz chemisch zu binden. Beim Einsatz in Direktreduktionsanlagen kann Wasserstoff als Reduktionsmittel eingesetzt werden, um Eisenerz zu Roheisen zu reduzieren. 3. Als dritte Option gerät die energetische Verwendung von Wasserstoff in der Industrie zunehmend in den Fokus der energiepolitischen Debatten. Hier steht Wasserstoff in einem klimaneutralen System direkt in Konkurrenz zu anderen Energieträgern wie Strom und Biomasse.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Woher kommt der grüne Wasserstoff? (2022)
    Berlin : Forschungsverbund Erneuerbare Energien
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-28
    Description: Das Energiesystem der Zukunft wird stark durch Elektrifizierung geprägt sein. Für die Langzeitspeicherung von Energie sowie für Bereiche, die sich nicht sinnvoll durch Strom defossilieren lassen, werden aber auch in Zukunft chemische Energieträger benötigt. Das Ziel der Klimaneutralität bedingt, dass diese Energieträger vollständig emissionsfrei aus erneuerbaren Energien (EE) hergestellt werden. Diese grünen Energieträger sind transportier- und handelbar, sodass sich ein internationaler Markt für grünen Wasserstoff und seine Folgeprodukte entwickeln wird. Derzeit gibt es diesen Markt noch nicht. Grüner Wasserstoff ist preislich noch nicht konkurrenzfähig gegenüber fossilen Brennstoffen. Den größten Anteil am Wasserstoffpreis haben die Kosten für die Elektrolyseanlage sowie die Kosten für die Strombereitstellung. Die besten Bedingungen für die Wasserstoffproduktion bieten daher EE-Standorte und Technologien mit hohen Volllaststundenzahlen, an denen auch der Elektrolyseur bei wenig EE-Abregelung auf viele Betriebsstunden kommt.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Digital product passport : the ticket to achieving a climate neutral and circular European economy? (2022)
    Cambridge : University of Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-10
    Description: The introduction of a Digital Product Passport (DPP) is an opportunity to create a system that can store and share all relevant information throughout a product's life cycle. This would provide industry stakeholders, businesses, public authorities and consumers with a better understanding of the materials used in the product as well as their embodied environmental impact. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the cost-of-living crisis, now is a critical moment to transform our economic and business models, while also addressing the huge scale of material emissions. DPPs can be a pivotal policy instrument in this goal. Furthermore, DPPs can accelerate the twin green and digital transitions as part of EU efforts to deliver positive climate action and sustainable economies. In 2020, the European Commission (EC) adopted a new Circular Economy Action Plan (CEAP), which emphasised the need for circular economy initiatives to consider the entire life cycle of products, from the production of basic materials to end-of-life disposal. The Circular Economy Package published in March 2022 includes a proposal for an Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR), which builds upon the Ecodesign Directive that covers energy-related products. A DPP will form a key regulatory element of the ESPR by enhancing the traceability of products and their components. This will provide consumers and manufacturers with the information needed to make better informed choices by taking their environmental impact into consideration. As discussed in the report, there is widespread agreement amongst business leaders that a well-designed DPP could have both short- and longer-term benefits, improving access to reliable and comparable product sustainability information for businesses, consumers and policymakers. A well-designed DPP can unify information, making it more readily accessible to all actors in the supply chain. This will support businesses to ensure an effective transformation towards a decarbonised industry. It could also create incentives for companies to make their products more sustainable, as improving access to reliable and consistent information across supply chains will make it easier for customers to make comparisons.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Suffizienz : auf dem Weg zu einem frugalen Wohlstand (2022)
    München : Oekom
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-07
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Praxisorientierte Abfallvermeidung an Rhein-Ruhr-Wupper : 50 evaluierte Abfallvermeidungsmaßnahmen in der Katalogvorstellung (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-07
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Kunst und Kultur als Hebel für die große Transformation (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Klimaschutz und Energiewende : ambitionierte Ziele im Koalitionsvertrag - wie weit ist nach 100 Tagen die Umsetzung? (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Analysis to support the implementation of the energy efficiency first principle in decision-making : final report (2022)
    Luxembourg : Publications Office of the European Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Glasgow, ein Wendepunkt? : Eine erste Bewertung der Klimakonferenz COP26 (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Klimaneutralität bis 2045 : Vergleich der Entwicklungen im Energiesystem in aktuellen Szenarien für Deutschland (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: Der Diskurs um die Transformation des Energiesystems ist in den vergangenen Jahren vermehrt über wissenschaftlich fundierte Szenarien geführt worden, die aus verschiedenen gesellschaftlichen Perspektiven in Auftrag gegeben wurden. Der Vergleich von vier im Jahr 2021 erschienenen Studien zeigt auf, wo weitgehende Einigkeit über die erforderlichen Strategien zur Erreichung der Klimaneutralität bis 2045 besteht, und wo die größten Differenzen liegen.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Klimaneutraler Stahl Made in Germany : Transformationsherausforderungen im Kontext steigender Marktanforderungen (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: Deutschland soll bis 2045 klimaneutral werden. So steht es im verschärften Klimaschutzgesetz, das im Juni 2021 vom Bundestag verabschiedet wurde. Die deutsche Industrie verursacht derzeit knapp ein Viertel der Treibhausgasemissionen, etwa ein Drittel davon entfällt auf die Eisen- und Stahlproduktion. Um das Klimaziel zu erreichen, müssen somit große CO2-Einsparungen in der Stahlindustrie realisiert werden.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Wege zu einer klimaneutralen Industrie (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: Das Ziel der Klimaneutralität bis zum Jahr 2045 stellt nicht zuletzt den Industriesektor vor erhebliche Herausforderungen. Für diesen Sektor werden teilweise sehr unterschiedliche Entwicklungspfade in Richtung Klimaneutralität beschrieben, wie ein Blick in verschiedene aktuelle Szenariostudien zeigt. Dennoch gibt es auch im Industriesektor bestimmte Emissionsminderungsstrategien, die in allen vorliegenden Szenarien als unverzichtbar angesehen werden.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    In between : from transdisciplinary, transformative science to evidence-based policy making (2022)
    Baden-Baden : Nomos
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: When dealing with the Great Transformation towards a sustainable world (WBGU 2011), one defining factor is the stark contradiction in the availability of knowledge: While there is almost unlimited knowledge on many technical and economic aspects of the sustainability transformation, while in some way all the tools are available and we, in theory, know exactly how to use them, there is a lack of action at all levels. If we assume that in principle a majority of decision-makers has understood the necessity to act, this ultimately points to a lack of knowledge on how major transformations can be triggered. To use a common distinction, we have solid knowledge of the systems at play, we know the targets society should be heading for, and these targets have been globally and politically agreed to, but our knowledge on transformations, while growing, is obviously lacking. While this is true for all forms of knowledge to some extent, especially transformation knowledge requires more than just disciplinary or interdisciplinary research because it depends on transdisciplinary approaches that integrate the knowledge of practitioners from politics, administration, civil society and business.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Direct Air Capture in Deutschland : Kosten und Ressourcenbedarf eines möglichen Rollouts im Jahr 2045 (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: Um den Klimawandel begrenzen zu können, wird zunehmend der Einsatz von Direct Air Capture (DAC) zur Erzeugung von Negativemissionen diskutiert. Anhand von Kosten sowie dem Flächen-, Wasser- und Energieverbrauch werden in diesem Artikel mögliche Implementierungspfade der DAC-Technologie, aufbauend auf einem bestehenden Klimaneutralitätsszenario für Deutschland, analysiert. Während die technische Realisierung machbar sein sollte, stellt der hohe Flächen- und Energiebedarf eine kritische Größe dar.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Kreislaufwirtschaft als Baustein nachhaltiger Entwicklung (2022)
    Bielefeld : Transcript
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: Kreislaufwirtschaft beschreibt ein Konzept, bei dem Abfall und Verschmutzung nicht per se im Wirtschaftsdesign vorausgesetzt werden. Sie greift damit die Ursachen der derzeit global dringlichsten Querschnittsthemen nachhaltiger Entwicklung mit dem Ziel auf, verantwortungsvoll mit Ressourcen, Wertstoffen, Produkten und der Umwelt umzugehen. Entstehen soll damit eine Welt, in der kein Müll produziert wird. Das Konzept verfolgt dabei einen multidimensionalen Ansatz und umfasst alle Wirtschaftsbereiche - von der Ressourcengewinnung über die Produktion, die Lagerung und den Konsum bis hin zur Entsorgung beziehungsweise zum Recycling. Mithilfe der Kreislaufwirtschaft können multiple Nachhaltigkeitsziele der Agenda 2030 schneller erreicht werden, weshalb sie als ein zentraler Baustein nachhaltiger Entwicklung gilt.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Klimaschutz und Energiewende in Deutschland (2022)
    Berlin : Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Wir dürfen jetzt nicht in ein Schwarz-Weiß-Denken verfallen (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Quantitativer Vergleich aktueller Klimaschutzszenarien für Deutschland (2022)
    Wuppertal : SCI4climate.NRW
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: Die vorliegende Darstellung vergleicht fünf ausgewählte aktuelle Klimaschutzszenarien für Deutschland in Hinblick auf zentrale Entwicklungen im Energiesystem bis Mitte des Jahrhunderts. Die fünf Szenarien sind zwischen April und Oktober 2021 erschienen und beschreiben unterschiedliche Pfade, wie Klimaneutralität in Deutschland bis zum Jahr 2045 bzw. 2050 erreicht werden könnte. Die Szenarien wurden von verschiedenen Organisationen in Auftrag gegeben und von unterschiedlichen wissenschaftlichen Instituten bzw. Beratungsunternehmen erarbeitet. Im vorliegenden Vergleich werden verschiedene Kenngrößen des Energiesystems auf Energieangebots- sowie Energienachfrageseite betrachtet. Die Gegenüberstellung der jeweiligen Entwicklungen in den Szenarien soll aufzeigen, in welchen Bereichen die Studien auf dem Weg zur Klimaneutralität ähnliche Entwicklungen vorsehen und in welchen Bereichen es derzeit noch deutlich abweichende Vorstellungen über die genaue Ausgestaltung der Energiesystemtransformation gibt.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Kommunale Wärmeplanung : was kommt da auf die Kommunen zu? (2022)
    Kissing : WEKA Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Overview report on definition and concept of the circular economy in a European perspective : CICERONE D1.1 (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: On the basis of a literature research, this subtask develops a conceptional framework for a common understanding of CE within the project team and for the following work packages and tasks. After a brief introduction into the objectives and the context of a circular economy, a more elaborated look into the necessity of an explicit understanding of CE, the objectives, the spatial perspective of CE and the specific challenges within the CICERONE context will be done, in order to develop a basis for a common understanding within the project context. Circular economy can and has to be understood as an (eco-)innovation agenda. Therefore, the paper investigates the role policy has to play to support innovation for a CE transition, for creating the framework conditions and why CE has also to be build from the ground up. Finally, the paper looks from two perspectives at emerging trends and business models in a CE to sketch next steps towards the transition in a selection of central sectors. Conclusions are drawn on the basis of the insights gained by the preceding chapters.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Zielbild "klimaneutrales Krankenhaus" : was können Krankenhäuser für den Klimaschutz tun? (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Herausforderung klimaneutrale Mietwohngebäude (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: Die Dekarbonisierung der Mietwohnungsbestände ist zwingende Voraussetzung für die Einhaltung deutscher Klimaschutzziele. Hierzu ist eine schnelle und deutliche Verbesserung der Energieeffizienz unabdinglich. Aber: funktioniert der Markt für Energieeffizienz bei Mietwohnungen? Eine empirische Untersuchung auf dem Wuppertaler Mietwohnungsmarkt gibt Antworten darauf. Um die Sanierungsrate signifikant zu steigern, etwa durch eine höhere Zahlungsbereitschaft für Energieeffizienz, braucht es sowohl für Vermieter als auch für Mieter verbesserte Rahmenbedingungen.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Report on current state of the art & understanding of the circular economy : CICERONE D1.2 (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: The key objective of this deliverable is to gain insights on and assess how CE is being implemented and R&I is being funded at regional level, e.g., via the RIS3 strategy and Structural Funds. As such it sets the scope for the project and provides the background against which programmes and measures can be understood, assessed, developed and recommended in succinct tasks and work packages. The objective of this report is to provide a concise overview of the current R&I priorities, as expressed in running and newly introduced funding and legislative measures with respect to Circular Economy in European countries and regions.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Fostering circular cities : a study on urban circularity hotspot frameworks for the Western Balkan region (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: A main goal of this study - which also functions as deliverable 210078-D07 of the Circular Economy Beacons (CEB) project - is to evaluate currently available frameworks that measure and operationalise Circular Economy (CE), with a particular focus on the urban context. The regional focus lies on the Western Balkan region, which is at the centre of the project. Such "Urban Circularity Hotspot Frameworks" (UCHF) aim at providing decision support for policy makers, companies, citizens etc. regarding the transition to CE within cities. Based on the analysis of different frameworks, suggestions are derived regarding UCHF suitable for the specific characteristics of Western Balkan municipalities, i.e. a Circular Economy Beacons Urban Circularity Hotspot Framework (CEB-UCHF) ready for short-term implementation.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Heizen ohne Öl und Gas bis 2035 : ein Sofortprogramm für erneuerbare Wärme und effiziente Gebäude ; Studie im Auftrag von Greenpeace e.V. (2022)
    Hamburg : Greenpeace e.V.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: Um einen angemessenen Beitrag zu einer Begrenzung des weltweiten Temperaturanstiegs auf 1,5 Grad Celsius zu leisten, müsste Deutschland und damit auch der Gebäudesektor schon bis 2035 treibhausgasneutral sein. Greenpeace hat daher das Wuppertal Institut beauftragt, ein Sechs-Punkte-Sofortprogramm für erneuerbare Wärme und effiziente Gebäude zu erarbeiten, mit dem dieses Ziel erreichbar wird. Das Sofortprogramm sieht vor, dass in drei zentralen Bereichen jeweils eine ordnungsrechtliche Maßnahme mit einer spezifischen, dazu passenden finanziellen Fördermaßnahme kombiniert wird: 1) Ausstiegsgesetz für fossile Heizungen und Förderung für elektrische Wärmepumpen und Solarthermie. 2) Pflicht und Förderung für die energetische Sanierung ineffizienter Gebäude mit ökologischen Kriterien. 3) Gesetz mit Zielen sowie förderlichen Bestimmungen und dazu passende Förderung für Erneuerbare-Wärmenetze: Ausbau und Umstieg auf grüne Wärmeerzeugung. So erhöht das Sofortprogramm die energetische Sanierungsrate auf drei bis vier Prozent pro Jahr und führt dazu, dass schon 2035 fast zwei Drittel der Gebäude mit Wärmepumpen und etwa ein Viertel mit Nah- und Fernwärme aus erneuerbaren Energien beheizt werden und ein Drittel zusätzlich mit thermischen Solaranlagen ausgestattet wird.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Applying the energy efficiency first principle based on a decision-tree framework (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: Energy Efficiency First (EEF) is an established principle for European Union (EU) energy policy design. It highlights the exploitation of demand-side resources and prioritizes cost-effective options from the demand-side over other options from a societal cost-benefit perspective. However, the involvement of multiple decision-makers makes it difficult to implement. Therefore, we propose a flexible decision-tree framework for applying the EEF principle based on a review of relevant areas and examples. In summary, this paper contributes to applying the EEF principle by defining and distinguishing different types of cases - (1) policy-making, and (2) system planning and investment - identifying the most common elements, and proposing a decision-tree framework that can be flexibly constructed based on the elements for different cases. Finally, we exemplify the application of this framework with two example cases: (1) planning for demand-response in the power sector, and (2) planning for a district heating system.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Key strategies to achieve deep decarbonisation of the industry sector : insights from a meta-analysis of recent climate neutrality scenarios for Germany (2022)
    Stockholm : European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: The EU aims to become the first climate neutral continent. To achieve this goal, the industry sector needs to reduce its GHG emissions to net zero or at least close to net zero. This is a particularly challenging task due to the high energy demand especially of primary materials production and the little potential to reduce this energy intensity when switching to other production processes based on electricity or hydrogen. In order to identify robust strategies for achieving a net-zero-compatible industry sector, the paper at hand analyses the transformation of the industry sector as described by a number of recent climate neutrality scenarios for Germany. Apart from overall industry, a focus is set on the sectors of steel, chemicals and cement. The analysed scenarios show very deep GHG emission reductions in industry and they appear to be techno-economically feasible by the mid of the century, without relying on offsets or on shifts from domestic production to imports. The scenarios agree on a suite of core strategies to achieve this, such as direct and indirect electrification, energy efficiency and recycling as well as new technological routes in steel making and cement. The scenarios differ, however, regarding the future mix of electricity, hydrogen and biomass and regarding the future relevance of domestic production of basic chemicals.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Quantifizierung der Treibhausgasminderungspotenziale möglicher klimaschutzpolitischer Maßnahmen in Bayern für das Jahr 2030 : Studie im Auftrag der Fraktion BÜNDNIS 90/ DIE GRÜNEN im Bayerischen Landtag (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: Im Auftrag der Fraktion BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN im Bayerischen Landtag haben Forschende des Wuppertal Instituts wissenschaftlich überprüft, wie viele Treibhausgas-Emissionen im Jahr 2030 bestimmte landespolitische Klimaschutz-Maßnahmen potenziell einsparen können. Die vorliegende Studie schätzt dabei sowohl die Effekte der Maßnahmen auf die insgesamt verursachten Treibhausgas-Emissionen (Verursacherprinzip) als auch auf die in Bayern selbst statistisch erfassten Emissionen (Quellenprinzip) ab. Die Maßnahmen adressieren die folgenden fünf Bereiche: 1) Gebäude und Verkehrsmittel im Besitz der öffentlichen Hand. 2) Ausbau der Windenergie und Photovoltaik. 3) Energieeffizienz im Gebäudesektor. 4) Energieeffizienz und Verkehrsverlagerung im Transportsektor. 5) Landwirtschaft und Landnutzung. Zwei Beispiele der untersuchten Maßnahmen sind Verbesserungen der Rahmenbedingungen für den Bau neuer Windenergieanlagen und eine stärkere Nutzung des industriellen Abwärmepotenzials.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: report , doc-type:report
    Format: application/pdf
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    Ensuring an effective global stocktake with a sectoral perspective (2022)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-24
    Description: A sectoral perspective can help the Global Stocktake (GST) to effectively achieve its objective to inform Parties' in enhancing subsequent NDCs and in enhancing international cooperation. Specifically, granular and actionable sectoral lessons, grounded in country-driven assessments, should be identified and elaborated. To be effective, conversations on sectoral transformations need to synthesise key challenges and opportunities identified in the national analyses and link them to international enablers; focus on systemic interdependencies, involve diverse actors, and be thoroughly prepared including by pre-scoping points of convergences and divergence across transformations. We specifically recommend that: the co-facilitators of the Technical Dialogue use their (limited) mandate to facilitate an effective conversationon sectoral transformations e.g. by organising dedicated informal seminars in between formal negotiation sessions; key systemic transformations necessary toachieve net-zero by mid-century should be spelled out and included in the final decision or political declaration of the GST; and the political outcome of the GST should mandate follow-up processes at the regional level and encourage national-level conversations to translate the collective messages from GST into actionable and sector-specific policy recommendations.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
    Format: application/pdf
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